Option of Diagnostic

test outline arrangemen

t of
chambers

trochospiral

planispiral

coiling dextral
direction

sinistral
texture

smooth

pitted

yes

no

spines

suture

curved;
radial
curved

radial

yes

none

keel

chamber
shape

globular;
hemisphe
globular; spherical;
rical
subglobul subglobul
ar
ar

globular

spherical

sutural

umbilicalextraumbi
interiomargin
umbilical; lical;
al
interiomar interiomar
ginal
ginal

Primary
aperture

apertural
structures

rim

lip

yes

none

secondary
aperture

bulla

bulla; lip

nostic

test outline

No.

arrangement of
chambers

coiling direction

trochospiral

dextral

planispiral

sinistral

trochospiral

dextral

trochospiral

dextral

trochospiral

sinistral

trochospiral

sinistral

trochospiral

dextral

trochospiral

dextral

trochospiral

dextral

10

trochospiral

sinistral

inflated

compress subglobul
ed
ar

11

trochospiral

sinistral

12

trochospiral

sinistral

13

trochospiral

sinistral

14

trochospiral

sinistral

15

trochospiral

16

trochospiral

sinistral

17

trochospiral

sinistral

18

trochospiral

sinistral

19

trochospiral

sinistral

20

trochospiral

sinistral

21

trochospiral

dextral

22

trochospiral

sinistral

23

trochospiral

sinistral

24

trochospiral

dextral

25

trochospiral

dextral

26

trochospiral

dextral

27

trochospiral

sinistral

28

trochospiral

sinistral

29

trochospiral

sinistral

30

trochospiral

sinistral

31

trochospiral

dextral

32

trochospiral

sinistral

33

trochospiral

dextral

34

trochospiral

sinistral

35

trochospiral

dextral

36

trochospiral

sinistral

37

trochospiral

sinistral

38

trochospiral

sinistral

39

trochospiral

sinistral

40

trochospiral

sinistral

41

trochospiral

sinistral

42

trochospiral

sinistral

43

trochospiral

dextral

44

trochospiral

dextral

45

trochospiral

sinistral

46

trochospiral

sinistral

47

trochospiral

sinistral

48

trochospiral

dextral

49

trochospiral

dextral

50

trochospiral

sinistral

51

trochospiral

sinistral

52

trochospiral

sinistral

53

trochospiral

sinistral

54

trochospiral

dextral

55

trochospiral

dextral

56

trochospiral

dextral

57

trochospiral

sinistral

58

trochospiral

sinistral

59

trochospiral

sinistral

60

trochospiral

sinistral

61

trochospiral

none

62

trochospiral

dextral

63

trochospiral

sinistral

64

trochospiral

dextral

65

trochospiral

dextral

66

trochospiral

dextral

67

trochospiral

dextral

68

trochospiral

dextral

Primary Diagnostic
texture

smooth

spines

suture

keel

chamber shape

none

curved;
radial

none

globular;
hemispherical

none

curved

none

globular;
subglobular

pitted

none

curved

none

spherical

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical;
subglobular

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

curved

none

globular

pitted

none

radial;
curved

none

globular

pitted

none

radial

none

globular

smooth

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

smooth

yes

curved;
radial

none

spherical

smooth

yes

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

radial

none

subglobular

smooth

none

radial

none

spherical;
subglobular

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

radial

none

subglobular

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

curved

none

subglobular

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

radial

none

subglobular

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

ovate

pitted

smooth

none

curved;
radial

yes

compressed

smooth

none

curved;
radial

none

compressed

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

inflated

smooth

none

curved;
radial

yes

compressed

smooth

none

curved;
radial

none

ovate

smooth

none

curved;
radial

none

compressed

smooth

none

curved;
radial

yes

compressed

smooth

none

curved;
radial

yes

compressed

smooth

none

curved;
radial

none

inflated

smooth

none

curved

yes

compressed

smooth

none

curved

yes

angular

smooth

none

curved

yes

compressed

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

smooth

none

curved;
radial

none

compressed

smooth

none

curved;
radial

none

ovate

smooth

none

curved

yes

compressed

smooth

none

curved

yes

compressed

smooth

none

curved;
radial

yes

compressed

smooth

none

curved

yes

compressed

smooth

none

radial

yes

subglobular

smooth

none

curved;
radial

none

compressed

none

curved;
radial

none

compressed

none

curved;
radial

yes

compressed

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

smooth

smooth

pitted

none

none

none

spherical

pitted

none

curved;
radial

none

subglobular

pitted

none

radial

none

spherical

smooth

none

radial

none

spherical

smooth

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

smooth

none

curved;
radial

none

spherical

smooth

none

curved

none

subglobular

smooth

none

curved

none

subglobular

rimary Diagnostic
chambers per whorl (dorsal's view) chambers per whorl (ventral's
view)

10

Primary aperture

3
sutural

extraumbilicalumbilical;
interiomarginal
6

umbilical;
interiomarginal
9 -10

umbilical;
interiomarginal
9

11

umbilical;
5 interiomarginal
umbilical;
interiomarginal

3
umbilical;
interiomarginal

14

9-10

umbilical;
interiomarginal
umbilical;
interiomarginal

4
umbilical;
interiomarginal

10

umbilical;
interiomarginal
10

interiomarginal
11

interiomarginal

interiomarginal
10

interiomarginal

interiomarginal
13

3
umbilical;
interiomarginal

10

umbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal
9

umbilical;
interiomarginal

10-11

umbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal
7

umbilical;
interiomarginal

13

4
umbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal
9

umbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal

14

umbilical;
interiomarginal

10

4
umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

11

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
15

5
umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

14

4
umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

12

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
13-14

6
umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

13

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

20

6
umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

14

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
13-14

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
13

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
14

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
16

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
23-21

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
12

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
10

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
10

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
13-14

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

14

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
13

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
16

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

13

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

14

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
9

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

13-14

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

12

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal
11-12

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

12

5
umbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal

none
1

umbilical;
interiomarginal
3

umbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal

12

umbilicalextraumbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal

umbilical;
interiomarginal

r
apertural
structures

rim

none

bulla

secondary
aperture

Candeina

nitida

Cassigerinella

chipolensis

Catapsydrax

dissimilis

Catapsydrax

strainforthi

Globigerina

angulisuturali
s

Globigerina

binaiensis

Globigerina

ciperoensis

Globigerina

nephentes

Globigerina

praebulloides

Globigerina

riveroae

yes

none

none

rim

Species

none

yes

none

Genus

yes

bulla

lip

whorls

none

none

none

rim

lip

none

lip

none

none

none

bulla; lip

bulla

rim

sellii

Globigerina

seminulina

Globigerina

tripartita

Globigerina

venezuelana

Globigerinatella

insueta

Globigerinita

naparimaensi
s

Globigerinoides

altiaperturus

none

rim

none

Globigerina

none

yes

yes

yes

3,5

3,5

rim

rim

rim

rim

rim

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

Globigerinoides

conglobatus

Globigerinoides

diminutus

Globigerinoides

obliquus
extremus

Globigerinoides

fistulosus

Globigerinoides

immaturus

3,5-4

3-4

3,5

rim

rim

rim

rim

rim

Globigerinoides

obliquus

Globigerinoides

primordius

Globigerinoides

ruber

Globigerinoides

sacculiferus

Globigerinoides

sicanus

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

3,5-4

3,5

3,5-4

Globigerinoides subquadratus

rim

rim

rim

rim

lip

yes

yes

none

none

none

3,5-4

Globigerinoides

trilobus

Globoquadrina

altispira

Globoquadrina

dehiscens

Globorotalia

acostaensis

3,5

3,5-4

lip

lip

rim

lip

lip

lip

lip

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

Globorotalia

archeomenar
dii

Globorotalia

crassaformis

Globorotalia

dutertrei

Globorotalia

fohsi

Globorotalia

kugleri

Globorotalia

lenguaensis

Globorotalia

lobata

lip

lip

lip

lip

lip

lip

none

none

none

none

none

none

Globorotalia

margaritae

Globorotalia

mayeri

Globorotalia

menardii

Globorotalia

miocenica

Globorotalia

multicamerat
a

Globorotalia

nana

lip

lip

lip

lip

lip

none

none

none

none

none

Globorotalia

obesa

Globorotalia

opima

Globorotalia

peripheroacut
a

Globorotalia

peripheroron
da

Globorotalia

plesiotumida

2,5-3

lip

lip

lip

lip

lip

none

praemenardii

Globorotalia

pseudomioce
nica

Globorotalia

scitula

Globorotalia

siakensis

Globorotalia

tosaensis

none

none

none

none

Globorotalia

3,5

lip

lip

lip

none

none

none

yes

yes

truncatulinoid
es

Globorotalia

tumida

Hastigerinella

bermudezi

Orbulina

bilobata

Orbulina

suturalis

3,5

none

none

Globorotalia

2,5-3

none

none

none

rim

none

none

universa

Praeorbulina

glomerosa

Praeorbulina

transitoria

Pulleniatina

obliquiloculat
a

yes

yes

Orbulina

3,5-4

rim

rim

lip

none

none

yes

Pulleniatina

praecursor

Pulleniatina

primalis

Sphaeroidinella

dehiscens

Sphaeroidinella subdehiscens

lip

none

result
Author

Year of first
description
1839

diagnostic characters

sutural apertures

d'Orbigny

Cushman and
Ponton
1932

test planispiral,

Cushman and
Bermudez

the last four whorls

increase rapidly in
size than another
whorl, 2-4
1937 secondary aperture

Bolli, Loeblich,
Tappan

the last four whorls

increase regularly
in size than another
whorl, 1 secondary
1957
aperture

Bolli

1957

Umbilicus wide,
fairly deep

Koch

The last 3 chamber

increase rapidly in
1926
size.

Bolli

The last 5 chamber

increase rapidly in
1954
size.

Todd

Umbilicus shallow
1957
dan narrow;

Blow

The last 4 chamber

increase rapidly in
1959
size.

Bolli and
Bermudez
1965 Very large aperture

Age

Borsetti

Aperture extends
the width of the
umbilicus at the
base of aperture
1959
face

1866

on ventral view
seem tlike four
chamber with
similar size dan
shape, looks like
rhombus

1926

Umbilicus narrow
and triangular

Schwager

Koch

Hedberg

Cushman and
Stainforth

The final chamer is

reduced in size.
1937 Deep umbilicus

Aperture in early
stage
interiomargina, on
the adult stage with
secondary sutural
and areal sutures.
Sutural bullae
covering the
secondary sutural
1945
aperture.

Bronnimann

Secondary Aperture
along the margins,
aperture covered by
1951
irregular bulla

Bolli

Secondary aperture
opposite the
1957
primary one.

Brady

1879

Bolli

Bolli and
Bermudez

Schubert

Leroy

On the dekstral's
view, seems
procolus and the
earlier chambers
only on the right
side. Secondary
apeture are
situated over a
sutures

The last 3 chamber

increase rapidly in
size. Primary
apeture almost
1957
circular.

The 4 chambers on
last whorl increase
regularly in size,
but ten last
chamber reduced in
size. The secondary
aperture oppsite
1965 the primary one

The Last whorl

seems sack-like
(not spherical), and
becoming pointed.
The 3-4 chambers
increases rapidly in
sizes. The
secondary
apertures are
situated over
sutures of earlier
1910
chambers
The last chamber
show one
secondary sutural
aperture opposite
1939 the primary one.

Bolli

Blow and Banner

d'Orbigny

Brady

De Stefani

The last chambers

is the ultimate on
which is
compressed in
lateral obliquue
manner. The last
chamber show one
secondary sutural
aperture opposite
1957 the primary one.
The 4 chambers on
last whorl increase
1962 regularly in size.

The 4 chambers on
last whorl increase
slowly in size. The
last chamber show
one secondary
sutural aperture
opposite the
1839
primary one.

The last one

chamber is
elongate and sacklike. The 4
chambers on last
whorl increase
1877 moderately in size.

The last the

chambers on last
whorl increases
rapidly in size,
while the last one is
the ultimate.
Aperture is silt-like.
Secondary aperture
is in the sutures
between the last
and the earlier
1950
chambers.

Bronnimann

Reuss

Cushman and
Jarvis

Chapman, Parr,
and Collins

Blow

The primary
aperture is a
medium to high
arch. The last
chambers show two
secondary sutural
1954
aperture.

The 3 chambers of
last whorl increase
rapidly in size.
Aperture is low to
medium arch. One
secondary sutural
aperture opposite
the primary
1850
aperture.
The last whorl
strongly
compressed
laterally, and last 34 chambers
increase
moderately in size.
Aperture is high
1936
arch.

The last whorl

strongly
compressed
laterally, and last 34 chambers
increase rapidly in
size and height.
Aperture is low1934
medium arch.
Often the last
chamber reduced in
size. A low arch
with usually a
1934
distinctive lip.

Bolli

Galloway and
Wissler

d'Orbigny

Cushman and
Ellisor

Chambers strongly
compressed and 45 chambers of the
last whorl increase
1957 rapidly iin size.
The last four
chambers increase
rapidly in size.
Aperture is a long
1927
slit.
The 5-6 chambers
of the last whorl
increase hardly in
1839
size.

Chambers
compressed. The
six to nine
chambers of the
last whorl increase
1939 regularly in size.

Bolli
1957

Bolli

Bermudez

The six to eight

chambers of the
last of the last
whorl increase
slowly in size.

chambers strongly
compressed. The
six to seven
chambers of the
last whorl increase
1957 moderately in size.
The six to eight
chambers of the
last whorl increases
rather rapidly in
1949
size.

Bolli and
Bermudez

Cushman and
Ellisor

d'Orbigny

Palmer

Cushman and
Jarvis

Bolli

The five to six

chambers of the
last whorl increases
rapidly in size. The
last chambers in
the biggest one.
1965
Thin Keel.

The five to six

chambers of the
last whorl increases
regularly in size.
Aperture is high
1939
arch.

The five to seven

chambers of the
last whorl increases
regularly in size.
Aperture is
bordered by distinct
1826
lip.

Chambers angular.
Distinct Keel. The
six to seven
chambers of the
last whorl increases
1945 regularly in size.

Distinct Lip. Broad

keel. The seven to
eight chambers of
the last whorl
increases slowly or
1930
hardly in size.

Aperture is low arch

with thick lip. The
four to five eight
chambers of the
last whorl increases
1959 rapidly in size.

Bolli

Bolli

Blow and Banner

Blow and Banner

Blow and Banner

Aperture is medium
to high arch, with
slight lip. The four
chambers of the
last whorl increases
1957 very rapidly in size.

Aperture is low
arch, with slight lip.
The four to five
chambers of the
last whorl increases
1957 fairly rapidly in size.

Aperture is distinct
arch with prominent
lip. The six to
seven chambers of
the last whorl
increases regularly
1966
in size.

Aperture is low arch

with distinct lip.
The six chambers of
the last whorl
increases slowly in
size, except the last
chamber is the
largerone. While
the chamber shape
of peripheroacuta is
compressed, the
peripheroronda is
1966
ovate.

Distinct Keel.
Aperture is low arch
with thick lip. The
five to six
chambers of the
last whorl increase
1965 regularly in size.

Cushmann and
Stainforth

Bolli and
Bermudez

Brady

Leroy

Takayanagi and
Saito

Aperture is low slit

with lip. The five to
six chambers of the
last whorl increase
fairly rapidly in
1945
size.

Distinct Keel.
Aperture is low slit
with fine rim or lip.
The five to six
chambers of the
last whorl increase
1965 moderately in size.

Sometimes with a
pseudo-keel.
Aperture is low slit
with lip. The four
to five chambers of
the last whorl
increase rapidly in
1882
size.

Aperture is
elongated arch,
with faint lip or rim.
The five to six
chambers of the
last whorl increase
1939 regularly in size.

Chambers
subinflated, and
compressed
laterally. The four
to five chambers of
the last whorl
increase rapidly in
size. Aperture is a
low arch with
1962
narrow lip.

The four to five

chambers of the
last whorl increase
rapidly in size. The
last chamber
showing a truncate
shape. Aperture is a
low arch with lip.

d'Orbigny

1839

Brady

Bolli

d'Orbigny

Bronnimann

Aperture is high
arch, with thick lip.
The six chambers
of the last whorl
increase regularly
in size. A massive
1877
keel.

Aperture is
elongate arch or slit
extending up the
aperture face. The
four to five
chambers of the
last whorl increase
rapidly in size. The
ultimate chamber is
1957
club-shaped
The characteristic
is 2 larger spherical
1846
chambers.

Test almost
globular. There is
small sutural
secondary aperture
separating the last
chamber from the
penultimate and
1951 the earlier chamber.

d'Orbigny

Blow

Blow

Parker and Jones

Test Globular. Just

one spherical
chamber can be
1839
seen.
The primary
aperture of the
early portion is
covered by the final
embracing
1956
chambers.

the final chamber

has tree or more
sutural apertures,
low arches and
narrow slit. The
penultimate and
ultimate chambers
embracing the early
1956
chambers.

The Last whorl

consisting of four
and a half to five
chambers, all of
them increasing the
degree of embrace.
Umbilicus covered.
Aperture is high
arch along the base
1865 of final chamber.

Banner and Blow

Banner and Blow

Blow

Chamber sphericalsubspherical. All

chambers increase
regularly in size
except the last one,
which abruptly
increase the degree
1927
of embrace.

Umbilicus just
covered the last
chamber.
Chambers mostly
subspherical. The
five chambers of
the last whorl
increase regularly
in size except the
final one, which
abruptly increases
the degree of
1927
embrace.

The last three

chambers
embracing the all
chambers. Aperture
is long slit, with
thick lip or margin.
The secondary
aperture opposite
on the primary
1959
aperture.

Blow

The last three

chambers
embracing the all
chambers. Aperture
is low arch, with
1959 thickened margin.