KATA PENGANTAR

Tiada kata lain yang lebih indah selain puji dan syukur yang dapat penulis
panjatkan kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas tuntunan, berkat dan
rahmatNya penulis dapat menyelesaikan penulisan proposal ini dengan baik.
Penulis menyadari bahwa proposal ini tidak terlepas dari bantuan dan
dukungan dari berbagai pihak yang baik terlibat secara langsung dengan berbagai
informasi dan saran sehingga penulisan proposal ini dapat diselesaikan dengan baik.
Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan limpah terima kasih
kepada :
1. Bapak Drs. Petrus Ly, M.Si selaku Dekan Fakultas Keguruan dan
Ilmu Pendidikan Undana Kupang beserta seluruh staf dan jajarannya.
2. Bapak Dr. I Made Parsa, M.Pd selaku Ketua Jurusan Pendidikan
Teknologi dan Kejuruan beserta seluruh staf dan jajarannya.

3. Bapak Daniel Lay Moy, S.Pd, M.Eng selaku Ketua Program Studi
Pendidikan Teknik Bangunan beserta stafnya.
4. Bapak Dr. Ketut M. Kuswara, M.Si sebagai Pembimbing I yang
telah meluangkan waktu dan tenaga dalam membimbing dan
mengarahkan penulis untuk menyelesaikan penulisan proposal ini.
5. Bapak Daniel Lay Moy, S.Pd, M.Eng sebaga Pembimbing II yang
membimbing dan memberikan motivasi yang membantu penulis.
6. Teman-teman seperjuangan angkatan 2012 Program Studi
Pendidikan Teknik Bangunan.

Penulis menyadari proposal ini masih jauh dari sempurna mengingat

keterbatasan yang penulis miliki. Untuk itu, segala saran dan kritik dari para
pembaca yang budiman penulis harapkan demi sempurnanya proposal ini. Akhirnya
2

penulis berharap agar proposal ini dapat bermanfaat bagi penulis khususnya dan para
pembaca pada umumnya.
Kupang, , Oktober 2016
Penulis

DAFTAR ISI
Hal
3

HALAMAN JUDUL..................................................................................
..........................................................................................................
KATA PENGANTAR.................................................................................
........................................................................................................ii
..........................................................................................................
DAFTAR ISI...............................................................................................

iv

DAFTAR TABEL.......................................................................................

vi

DAFTAR GAMBAR..................................................................................

vii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1............................................................La
tar Belakang..............................................................
................................................................................ 1
...................................................................

1.2 Perumusan Masalah...........................................................

..............................................................................................4
..............................................................................................
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian...............................................................
..............................................................................................4
..............................................................................................
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian.............................................................
..............................................................................................4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1.......................................................................Pe
ngertian Jalan ........................................................................
............................................................................................... 5
2.2 Klasifikasi Jalan .................................................................................
...............................................................................................................5
2.3 Perkerasan Jalan ................................................................................
...............................................................................................................6
A. Lapisan Tanah Dasar (Sub Grade) ................................................
.......................................................................................................7
B. Lapisan Pondasi Bawah (Subbase Course) ...................................
.......................................................................................................7
C. Lapisan Pondasi Atas (Base Course) ............................................
.......................................................................................................8

D. Lapisan Permukaan atau Penutup (Surface course) ......................

.......................................................................................................8
2.4 Evaluasi Jalan......................................................................................
...............................................................................................................9
2.5 Karakteristik Perkerasan Jalan........................................................
...............................................................................................................10
a. Tekstur Permuaan Jalan.................................................................
.......................................................................................................10
b. Kekesatan Permukaan Jalan...........................................................
.......................................................................................................11
c. Sifat Mekanika Dan Struktural Jalan.............................................
.......................................................................................................12
d. Kerusakan Jalan.............................................................................
.......................................................................................................12
e. Ketidakrataan Jalan........................................................................
.......................................................................................................13
2.6 Perkerasan Lentur (Flexible Pavement) ..........................................
...............................................................................................................13
2.7 Jenis-jenis Kerusakan Pada Perkerasan Lentur.............................
...............................................................................................................15
2.7.1 Retak (Cracking) .........................................................................
..........................................................................................................15
2.7.2 Distorsi (Distortion) ....................................................................
..........................................................................................................20
2.7.3 Cacat Permukaan (Disintigration) ...............................................
..........................................................................................................23
2.7.4 Pengausan (Polished Aggregate) .................................................
..........................................................................................................24
2.7.5 Kegemukan (Bleeding or Flushing) ............................................
..........................................................................................................24
2.7.6. Penurunan Pada Bekas Penanaman Utilitas (Utility Cut
Depression) .................................................................................
..........................................................................................................25
2.8 Penilaian Kondisi Perkerasan............................................................
...............................................................................................................25
1. Density (Kadar Kerusakan) .............................................................
..........................................................................................................25
2. Deduct Value (Nilai Pengurangan) ..................................................
..........................................................................................................26

3. Total Deduct Value (TDV) ..............................................................

..........................................................................................................27
4. Corrected Deduct Value (CDV) ......................................................
..........................................................................................................27
5. Klasifikasi Kualitas Perkerasan........................................................
..........................................................................................................27
6. Menentukan Jenis Pemeliharaan Berdasarkan Nilai PCI.................
..........................................................................................................28
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
3.1....................................................................Je
nis Penilitian.......................................................................
.......................................................................................... 30
3.2 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian........................................................
..........................................................................................................30
3.3 Bagan Alur Penelitian....................................................................
..........................................................................................................31
3.4 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ...........................................................
..........................................................................................................32
3.4.1 Jenis Data...............................................................................................
...............................................................................................................32
3.4.2 Menentukan Unit Sampel.....................................................................
...............................................................................................................32
3.4.3 Mengukur Setiap Jenis Kerusakan......................................................
...............................................................................................................32
3.5 Metode Analisa Data......................................................................
..........................................................................................................32
3.5.1 Menghitung Density (Kadar Kerusakan) ...........................................
...............................................................................................................32
3.5.2 Deduct Value (Nilai Pengurangan) ......................................................
...............................................................................................................33
3.5.3 Total Deduct Value (TDV) ....................................................................
...............................................................................................................33
3.5.4 Corrected Deduct Value (CDV) ...........................................................
...............................................................................................................33
3.5.5. Klasifikasi Kualitas Perkerasan..........................................................
...............................................................................................................33
3.5.6 Analisa Hasil Keputusan dengan Metode PCI ...................................
...............................................................................................................34

3.5.7 Menentukan Jenis Pemeliharaan Berdasarkan Nilai PCI ................

...............................................................................................................34
3.6 Jadwal Penelitian...........................................................................
..........................................................................................................37
3.7 Rencana Anggaran Biaya Penelitian............................................
..........................................................................................................37
DAFTAR PUSTAKA.................................................................................
........................................................................................................38

DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 2.1. Klasifikasi menurut kelas jalan..................................................6
Tabel 2.2. Klasifikasi menurut medan jalan................................................6
Tabel 2.3. Nilai kondisi jalan.....................................................................29
Tabel 3.1. Nilai kondisi jalan PCI..............................................................34
Tabel 3.2. Penetapan nilai kondisi jalan berdasarkan total angka
kerusakan berdasarkan metode bina marga................................35
Tabel 3.3. Penyesuaian metode PCI dan metode bina marga untuk
menentukan jenis pemeliharaan................................................36
Tabel 3.4. Jadwal penelitian.......................................................................37

DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 2.1. Lapisan konstruksi perkerasan lentur...................................... 9
Gambar 2.2. Perbedaan makro tekstur dan mikro tekstur............................ 11
Gambar 2.3. Non destruktif tes menggunakan falling weight
deflectometer.......................................................................... 12
Gambar 2.4. Resilient modulus test laboratorium........................................ 12
Gambar 2.5. Retak halus (hair cracking)..................................................... 15
Gambar 2.6. Retak kulit buaya (aligator cracking)...................................... 16
Gambar 2.7. Retak pinggir (edge cracking)................................................. 17
Gambar 2.8. Retak sambungan jalan (lane joint cracks).............................. 18
Gambar 2.9. Retak sambungan pelebaran jalan (widening cracks)............. 18
Gambar 2.10. Retak refleksi (reflection cracks).......................................... 19
Gambar 2.11. Retak susut (shrinkage cracks).............................................. 19
Gambar 2.12. Retak selip (slippage cracks)................................................. 20
Gambar 2.13. Alur (ruts).............................................................................. 21
Gambar 2.14. Keriting (corrugation)........................................................... 22
Gambar 2.15. Sungkur (shoving)................................................................. 22
Gambar 2.16. Lubang (potholes)................................................................. 23
Gambar 2.17. Pelepasan butir (ravelling).................................................... 24
Gambar 2.18. Pengausan (polished aggregate)............................................ 24
Gambar 2.19. Kegemukan (bleeding or flushing)........................................ 25
Gambar 2.20. Penurunan pada bekas penanaman utilitas
(utility cut depression).......................................................... 25
Gambar 2.21. Grafik deduct value untuk aligator craking........................... 26
Gambar 2.22. Diagram nilai PCI................................................................. 28
Gambar 3.1. Peta lokasi penelitian............................................................... 30
Gambar 3.2. Bagan alir penelitian............................................................... 31
9

Gambar 3.3. Digram metode PCI................................................................. 34

10