THIS IS THE SPECIFICATION REFERRED TO IN A CONTRACT SIGNED BY US ON

THIS ___________________DAY OF______________________________________________2000

Signed by the Principal

___________________________________________________

ACN_______________________________________________

In the presence of
Witness:

___________________________________________________

Date

___________________________________________________

Signed by Contractor

___________________________________________________

ACN_______________________________________________

In the presence of
Witness:

___________________________________________________

Date

___________________________________________________

SPECIFICATION OF THE WORK REQUIRED TO BE DONE AND MATERIALS TO BE USED IN

THE CONSTRUCTION OF A BRIDGE ON LOT 99 CARNARVON WA.

Checked By: ...........................................

Project Leader

Page 1 N

SECTION 1 - PRELIMINARIES
INFORMATION TO TENDERERS
1A.

Tenders
Tenders shall be Lump Sum fixed price for the whole Contract including all monetary
provisions and shall not be subject to contract cost fluctuation i.e. no "rise and fall" shall
apply.
Tenders shall be submitted in sealed envelopes bearing the name of the Tenderer,
endorsed on the outside and delivered to the office of the Superintendent not later than
the time and date stated for closing of tenders.
Tenders shall be signed by a Principal of the business.
The envelope containing the tender shall be endorsed on the outside with the name of
the job and the tenderer.

1B.

Unobtainable Materials
The Tenderer is to allow in his tender price for the work as specified at current rates and
should any material be unobtainable the affected items will be omitted or alternative
materials used and the Contract Sum shall be adjusted accordingly.
The Contractor shall be obliged to inform the Superintendent of the necessity for such
adjustments in sufficient time to obviate delays to the Contract and shall obtain the
approval of the Superintendent in writing before any work in connection therewith is
commenced.

1C.

Scope of Contract
The scope of contract comprises the construction of 7500 long reinforced concrete jetty
including decking and associated attached beams, thickenings, and surfacing, one pair
of columns, one transverse beam, one "A" type frame, two longitudinal beams, timber
walings, fenders, rubbing pieces and copings.

1D.

Principal
The name of the Principal as it will appear in the Contract Document is The Minister for
Works.

1E.

Contract Documents
The following form the Contract documents and shall be read in conjunction with each
other.
(a)

General conditions of contract AS 2124 1992.

complying with the conditions of contract.

(b)

Specification and Drawings.

Page 2 N

Tenders are to allow for

(c)

The Contractor shall and shall be deemed to have examined all the information
made available to him by the Principal for the purpose of tendering including the
Drawings, Specification, Schedules, Conditions of Tendering, Reports, Maps,
Diagrams, Contract Conditions, and the like.
The Contractor shall and shall be deemed to have examined
all
information
relevant to the risks, contingencies and other circumstances which could affect his
tender, and allowed for such risks and contingencies whether such information be
available or not.
The Contractor shall and shall be deemed to have informed himself as far as
practicable of all relevant physical conditions upon and below the surface of the
site, and the climatic conditions at or near the site.
The Contractor shall and shall be deemed to have informed himself as far as
practicable of the nature of the work and materials necessary for the execution of
the work under the Contract, the means of access to and facilities at the site, and
transport facilities for deliveries to the site.
The Contractor shall and shall be deemed to have informed himself as to the
availability of labour and the accommodation required.
The Contractor shall and shall be deemed to have satisfied himself as to the
correctness and sufficiency of his tender for the work under the Contract, and that
the rates and prices stated therein cover the cost and risk of performing all his
obligations under the Contract.

1F.

Safety
The Contractor shall carry out the whole of the works or procure them to be carried out
by sub-contractors and others concerned in a thoroughly safe manner and shall provide
or ensure the provision of all prudent or necessary barricades, screens, warnings and
lights, etc.
The Contractor shall be responsible for all safety on site and, without limiting his
responsibility for safety, shall comply with any request, order or direction by an
authorised officer of any relevant Government Departments or statutory authorities,
including the Department of Occupational Health Safety and Welfare, the Western
Power, Alinta Gas, Austel and the Fire Brigade or any requirement arising pursuant to
any Industrial Agreement. The Contractor will, at its discretion, implement any
recommendations from any site safety committee as to any aspect of the execution of
the works under the contract and such implementation shall be deemed not to
constitute a variation within the meaning of that term under the contract.
Further, the Contractor will not be entitled to any extensions of time or delay costs
arising out of implementation of recommendations by the site safety committee, or of
requests, orders or directions by the said officers of any Government Departments or
Statutory Authorities or any requirement arising pursuant to any Industrial Agreement.
The Contractor shall also comply with Section 23 (3) of the Occupational Safety and
Health Act 1994 and ensure that adequate pre-planning of the scope of works is done
to allow for scaffolds, elevated work platforms and cranes to be used to eliminate
hazards encountered by persons working on this project. In particular work which can
be done at ground level instead of at a height shall be encouraged and work being done
at a height shall have safety provisions such as harnesses, anchor points, manulinks
and safety net cleats provided.
Page 3 N

If the requirements of any of the relevant Industrial Agreements, Government

Departments or Statutory Authorities referred to above, current at the time of tender,
change during the period of the Contract, the cost (if any) of complying with the
changed requirements shall be borne by the Builder.

1G.

Protection
The Contractor shall do everything reasonably necessary to ensure the freedom from
injury, damage or interference of all the site and adjacent public or private lands,
properties, ways, services and all other adjacent real or personal property whatsoever
and of persons at any time in the vicinity of the Works.
The Contractor shall take all reasonable steps to minimise or obviate nuisance arising
from the works to the Principal and adjoining owners or to the occupants of any
properties (including nuisance such as dust, noise, debris and obstructions, etc.).
The Contractor shall provide and maintain suitable and adequate protective coverings
for all work, whether executed by the Contractor or any subcontractor, which is liable to
be damaged, stained, scratched, chipped or defaced from any cause at all times up to
the issue of the Certificate of Practical Completion. This includes all floor areas. Any
damage done to the building, plant, equipment, fixtures or fittings, etc. shall be made
good by the Contractor at his own expense.

1H.

Notices and Fees

Attention is drawn to the Conditions of Contract which require the Contractor to comply
with the requirements of and pay fees to authorities having jurisdiction over the work.
In particular pay local authority and BCITF fees and comply with the provisions of all
relevant Departments and Acts and any respective amendments and by-laws thereto so
far as they apply to this Contract and the safety of persons and give notices, submit
plans and specifications and pay all fees in this connection.
The Contractor as soon as it comes to his attention shall in turn give prompt notice in
writing to the Superintendent of any variations from the plans or specifications
necessary for current compliance with all the above-mentioned requirements of this
Clause.

1I.

Insurances
The Contractor shall take out policies in the joint names of himself, the Principal and all
sub-contractors, nominated or otherwise.
The Contractor shall comply with the terms and conditions of the policy referred to in the
Conditions of Contract so far as is required under that policy, and shall prepare all
claims thereunder.
The Contract works policy is to cover the full legal liability for:
(a)

The basic constructional replacement value for the whole of the new works in
respect to loss, destruction or damage arising form any cause whatsoever, plus
a sum to cover demolition costs, plus a percentage to cover professional fees as
set out in the Appendix to the Conditions of Contract, and any liquidated
damages applicable to delays due to reconstruction.
Page 4 N

(b)

1J.

Liability to the public for an amount of not less than the sum set out in the
Appendix to the Conditions of Contract including damage to existing property
belonging to the Principal and arising from the course of the Works.

Workers Compensation Insurance

The Contractor is to take out all necessary workers compensation and employer's
liability insurance.

1K.

Drawings and Specification

Should there be any discrepancy between the drawings and specification the order of
precedence shall be as follows:(a)

The Specification shall take precedence over small scale drawings.

(b)

Large scale drawings and detail drawings shall take precedence over small
scale drawings and the specification.

All discrepancies shall be notified by the Contractor to the Superintendent for

confirmation of precedence prior to financial commitment by the Contractor.

1L.

Priority of Documents
If in the documents there is any conflict between conditions, instructions or technical
requirement, then preference is to be given in the following order:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

1M.

The Specification and the drawings

The Australian Standard Specifications and Codes
The British Standard Specifications and Codes
Other internationally recognised standard specification or codes.

Sales Tax
Unless otherwise stated in the Supplement to Preliminaries allow for and pay sales tax
on all goods and materials subject to same by law, except those goods and materials to
be provided out of the Provisional Sums, all of which include sales tax where applicable.

TIME CLAUSES
1N.

Time of Completion
The whole of the works shall be brought to a stage of Practical Completion within 10
weeks from the date of possession of the site being made available by the Principal.

Page 5 N

1P.

Works Programme
The Contractor shall within two weeks of the letter of acceptance and within the limit of
the information available, submit a competently prepared Works Programme, showing
dates for commencement and completion of each trade in each major section of the
works, and showing practical completion by the due date, and showing all critical
activities and critical dates and programme float times. The Contractor shall maintain
and amend the Works Programme as may be reasonably necessary, and have a
current copy available on the site at all times.
The Contractor shall at each site meeting supply the Superintendent with a report of
record of progress against programme and detailing the timing or work to be carried out
in the subsequent calendar fortnight.

1Q.

Extension of Time
Immediately delays or extensions of time totalling at least one week or more occur, the
Contractor shall be obliged to reprogram the Works of the Contract forthwith to extend
fully over the new Contract period.
Extensions shall be granted where qualifying delays are of a primary or critical effect
only, or where the accumulative effect of qualifying secondary delays become of
primary or critical effect.
The measure of an extension shall be equivalent to the calculated or actual shortest net
affect of the qualifying delay on the current contract date for practical completion,
respectively dependent on whether the Builder's claim is made in advance or in
retrospect.
All delays shall be classified as subject to, or not subject to, cost reimbursement as
defined in the Conditions of Contract.
Where qualifying delays occur in parallel or over the same period in time, then that
period of overlap in time shall be measured singularly when assessing the effective
length of the delays.

1R.

Extra Time for Variations

Extra time for variations will not be granted unless such variation affects the critical path
of the construction programme.

1S.

Working Hours and Overtime

The Contractor shall allow for all overtime necessary to execute and complete the
contract on time.

Page 6 N

FINANCE AND VARIATIONS PROCEDURES

1T.

Valuation of Variations
In this Contract variations shall be written instructions authorised by the Superintendent
which vary the quality and/or quantity of the scope of the Contract works.
Variations shall be priced in accordance with the Conditions of Contract.

1U.

Variations to Contractor's Work Priced on a Daywork Basis

The Contractor's price of any variation carried out on a daywork basis shall be
substantiated by proper measurements, rates, and costs and shall be submitted to the
superintendent within 4 weeks of receipt of the Superintendent's oral and written
instructions or drawings covering the variation concerned or the works being carried out
which ever is the later.

1V.

Variations to contractor's Work Priced at Gross Rates

Variations to Contractor's work, whenever possible and unless agreed otherwise, shall
be priced at approved gross unit rates (which shall include office administration,
overheads and profit) plus the percentage fee for variations stated in the Appendix.

1W.

Progress Payments
The contractor's claim for progress payments, as required by the Terms of Agreement,
shall include details and value of work done, if any, under each trade section heading in
the Specification.
With each claim for progress payment the Contractor shall submit a properly prepared
statement showing the basic contract amount, the values as agreed of all variations and
in addition listing all unpriced variations which have been authorised or extras which
have been incurred since the previous statement, the authorised amounts of
expenditure for Nominated Subcontracts and all agreed variations to same, and the
consequential current amount of the Contract Sum.
In addition to the provisions of the Contract Agreement the Contractor shall with each
progress claim submit a Certificate stating that all wages and payments for labour
relevant to the claim have been fully paid.
The Superintendent may delay payment on a progress claim without prejudice to the
rights of the Principal or Contractor in the Contract Agreement for any of the following
reasons:
(a)

Defective work unremedied.

(b)

contractor's failure to honour Nominated Subcontractor's progress payments.

(c)

Reasonable doubt that the Contract can not be completed for the outstanding
balance of the Contract Sum.

(d)

The Contractor otherwise being in default after notice of such default shall have
been given to the Contractor.
Page 7 N

All progress payments shall be payments on account only and shall not be interpreted
as approval or final valuation of the work as executed.

1X.

Security in Lieu of Retention

Such security shall be in the form of an unconditional Bank Guarantee for an amount
equivalent to 5% of the Contract Sum, from commencement of the Contract until
certified Practical Completion of the Contract, reducing to 2.5% of the Contract Sum
during the Defect's Liability Period.
Allow for all costs in taking out, maintaining and releasing this Guarantee.
Provide such Guarantee within two weeks of commencement on site and prior to the
first progress claim.

SITE
1Z.

Inspection of Site
The Contractor acknowledges that before tendering he has inspected the site and
become conversant with all visible existing conditions on and surrounding the site, with
conditions of access to the site for building purposes and with services shown on the
Contract documents and has allowed for all such factors in his tender.

1AA.

Levels
Refer to site plan for datum. All levels shown on drawings are to be verified by the
Contractor at the commencement of the job.

MATERIALS AND TEMPORARY SERVICES AND ACCOMMODATION

1AB.

Materials
Unless otherwise specified all materials shall be new, first quality and where practicable
shall comply with the requirements of the appropriate Australian Standard Specification.
As soon as practicable after entering into the Contract the Contractor shall place orders
for and take all measures necessary to ensure the supply of all materials and goods
necessary to carry out and complete the Works on time.
Unless otherwise specified any material described in one section of the Specification
and referred to in another section shall be of the same quality.

1AC.

Incidentals
The Contractor shall either directly or through his sub-contractors supply and use, fix or
apply all nails, screws, washers, packing, hemp, glue, dowels, wedges, grease and oil
and other such items, or materials or workmanship incidental or implied to the proper
completion of the works to a first quality standard reasonably acceptable to the
Superintendent.

Page 8 N

1AD.

Electricity
Provide and maintain a temporary electricity supply to the site and adequate lighting for
safety and to enable all work to be properly done and inspected.
Pay all costs of electricity used for construction purposes.

1AE.

Water
Provide and maintain an adequate temporary water supply and pay all costs for water
used for construction purposes.

1AF.

Plant, Cranage and Scaffolding

The Contractor shall provide all necessary plant and equipment (including tackle, tools,
cranes, hoists, gantries, mixers, pumps, scaffolding, timbering, braces, struts, forms,
shutters, sheds and hoardings) required for the efficient and proper carrying out of the
works on time.

1AG.

Works Accommodation and Amenities

At commencement of the job the Contractor shall provide a site office, toilets, lunch
rooms, and change rooms as required by authorities. Accommodation is to be well lit
and ventilated and to be kept thoroughly clean.

1AH.

Storage
The Contractor shall provide adequate weather tight storage accommodation above
ground level for all plant, equipment and materials liable to damage or deterioration by
exposure.

CONDUCT OF JOB
1AI.

Labour, Direction and Co-ordination

The Contractor shall provide constant and competent direction, co-ordination and
superintendence of all trades in all phases and parts of the works whether nominated or
otherwise to comply with the required standards of this Contract to the satisfaction of
the Superintendent.
The Contractor shall superintend as far as reasonably possible all building components
expressly made for the Works manufactured off site or stored or stockpiled off site.
The Contractor shall take full responsibility for employing effective methods to comply
with the requirements of this Contract.
Approval of such methods if given by the Superintendent shall not relieve the Contractor
of his responsibility and shall be given without prejudice.

Page 9 N

Unless otherwise specified all workmanship shall be first class and shall conform to the
appropriate Australian Standard Code of Practice.
Workmanship described in one section of the Specification and referred to in another
section shall be of the same quality.

1AJ.

Foreman
A full time foreman shall be employed on the job. The foreman shall be conversant with
English terminology used in local construction practice and shall be experienced in jobs
of a similar nature.

1AK.

Security
The Contractor shall take all necessary measures to safeguard the Works of this
Contract while under construction.

1AL.

Construction Loads
The Contractor shall ensure that no excessive loads are put on any parts of the
structure during erection and that props are provided under any temporarily loaded part
of the Works.

1AM.

Protection and Making Good to Work and/or Materials

The Contractor shall adequately protect all work and materials and shall progressively
make good all damage done to such work and materials. In all cases protection shall
be applied or provided as a surface is finished and/or materials arrive on the job and
shall be maintained in effective condition throughout the course of the work.

1AN.

Cleaning of Works and Site

The Contractor at all times shall progressively clean up the Works and site and remove
all accumulated, discarded and surplus building materials and debris.
On completion of the Works and prior to handing over to the Principal the Contractor
shall:

1AP.

(a)

Remove all temporary buildings, structures, fences, services, plant and

equipment.

(b)

Remove all surplus materials and debris and clean the site.

Hoardings, Fences and Accessways

The Contractor shall erect and maintain all necessary hoardings and fences, screens,
gates, footways, gangways, gantries, accessways, platforms, temporary enclosures,
etc. for protection of the works, persons and property and to the satisfaction of local and
other authorities.

Page 10 N

The contractor's method of working shall be his own responsibility in respect to erection
and removal of hoardings and fences.

COMPLETION
1AQ.

Completion and Practical Completion

Notwithstanding the issue of the Notice of Practical Completion the Contractor shall
diligently complete the Contract including the following items relating to works affected
by this Contract.
Clear and remove all surplus materials, rubbish, dirt, etc.
Make good all damage, stains and blemishes and replace materials where necessary.
Return all Contract documents except as referred to in 'Return of Documents'.

1ZZ.

As Constructed Drawings
During construction the Contractor shall keep accurate records of the exact size and
location of all service pipes, ducts, etc. including all branches, changes in direction,
fittings, cocks, points of access and cleaning, manholes, sumps and junctions.
Two complete sets of drawings shall be returned to the Superintendent in good
condition at Practical Completion.

1AS.

CONTINGENCY SUM
Allow the Contingency Sum of $7,500.00 (seven thousand five hundred dollars) for
contingencies to be expended only at the direction of the Superintendent.

Page 11 N

SECTION 2 EXCAVATION
2A.

PRELIMINARIES
Refer to Preliminaries Section, which forms an integral part of this section.

2B.

GENERAL
All necessary dredging has been carried out by others and does not form a part of this
contract.
The following work shall be carried out between levels 1.0 metre above high water on
spring tide (H.W.O.S.T.) and 7.0 metres below low water on spring tide (L.W.O.S.T.).
Refer to investigation and footing recommendations prepared by XYZ soil Laboratories
Pty Ltd.

2C.

NATURE OF EXCAVATION
Make due allowance for excavation in materials of whatever nature may be
encountered. Providing that in the opinion of the superintendent, the material is capable
of being excavated by hand, machine or ripping, without the use of jackhammers or
blasting.
Keep excavations free from water by pumping, bailing or other suitable means.

2D.

EXCAVATION
Excavate for footings and bases and form bottoms of excavations smooth and level.
Excavate in rock to form pockets for column bases.
Remove excess surplus material from the site. Cart away to tip 15 kilometres from site.

Page 12 N

SECTION 3 - CONCRETE WORKS

GENERAL
3A.

Preliminaries
Refer to Preliminaries Section, which forms an integral part of this section.

3B.

Standards
Unless otherwise specified all tests, materials and workmanship shall conform with the
relevant Australian Standards.
Comply with the following standards
AS 1012
AS 1315
AS 1379
AS 2758
AS 3600

Sampling and testing

Testing Portland Cement
Ready mixed concrete
Concrete aggregates
Concrete code

MATERIALS
3C.

Cement
Grey cement shall be normal Portland Cement, Type G.P.

3D.

Aggregate
Sand shall be clean, sharp and free from impurities.
Coarse aggregate for grey concrete shall be well graded granite, grano-diorite or other
approved stone, uncoated and free from dust.
Coarse aggregate shall be crushed granite, diorite, basalt or other approved stone.
Normal sizes of coarse aggregate shall be;

3E.

In foundations and deck slab 20mm.

Water in Concrete
Water shall be fit for human consumption, free from acids, vegetable matter, sugar and
any other material harmful to concrete or reinforcing.

3F.

Admixtures
Do not use admixtures in structural concrete without approval.
Page 13 N

3G.

Concrete
The Contractor shall be responsible for supplying and placing all concrete shown on the
superintendent and Structural drawings and any other work specified.
Generally, concrete work shall comply with AS 3600-1988 Concrete Structures Code
(and any subsequent amendments) for concrete in building.
Coarse aggregate shall be hard, clean and well graded complying with AS 2758.1 and
to be 20 unless otherwise described.
Fine aggregate shall comply with AS 2758.1 and is to consist of clean, hard, durable
grains of natural sand and passing a 5 sieve, free from dust, clay or other deleterious
materials.
Cement shall be fresh ordinary Portland Cement Type GP of local manufacture
complying with AS.3972.
Water shall be clean and free from deleterious matter.
Concrete shall achieve a 28 day 150 diameter cylinder strength of:

20 MPa in filling to precast concrete columns

25 MPa in surface decking
25 MPa in concrete bases
25 MPa in attached beams and thickenings
25 MPa in 'A' type frame beams
25 MPa in isolated beams

All concrete shall be ready mixed concrete and shall comply with AS 1379 'Ready
Mixed Concrete'. Slump tests shall be made as required by the Superintendent and
shall comply with AS 1012.
Testing shall be carried out by an independent N.A.T.A. registered laboratory in
accordance with the provisions of AS.3600 and test results given to the Superintendent
or Engineer within 24 hours of testing.
Placing shall be by approved methods and to avoid segregation concrete is not to be
dropped from a height greater than 3000.
The use of admixtures in the concrete will not be permitted without the written approval
of the Superintendent.

3H.

Transporting Wet Concrete

Convey concrete to place of final deposit without delay and by means that will prevent
segregation, hardening or loss of materials. Where necessary, use gangways or
barrow runs supported clear of reinforcement and of sufficient strength for the purpose.
Keep clean all equipment used for transporting concrete.

Page 14 N

3I.

Placing Concrete
Place concrete in accordance with Australian Standard 3600. A concrete section as
referred to therein shall be an area bounded by approved construction, expansion or
contraction joints.
Avoid segregation of fine and coarse aggregate.
Do not place concrete during heavy rain or prolonged enough to wash mortar from the
coarse aggregate. Do not place concrete on a day for which the official temperature
forecast is higher than 35 degrees centigrade.
Protect exposed surfaces of placed concrete against rain until set and against traffic for
at least 4 days, except for curing and finishing operations.

3J.

Compaction for Concrete

Consolidate concrete by mechanical vibration and by spading or rodding, to the
maximum practicable density. Unvibrated concrete will be rejected.

3K.

Curing of Concrete
Protect exposed surfaces of concrete from sun and winds. Cure continuously for at
least 7 days after placing. Prevent rapid drying out of concrete after the curing period.
Use only approved curing methods.
Keep concrete thoroughly damp during the curing period unless otherwise approved.
Do not use intermittent methods such as water spraying once a day.

3L.

Acceptance and Repair of Concrete

Concrete that is damaged by any means, defective or not within specified tolerances
shall be repaired, made good, removed and replaced or otherwise dealt with in
accordance with Superintendent's instruction and at his discretion and immediately on
receipt of such instructions.

3M.

FORMWORK
Formwork shall comply with AS 3610.
Formwork shall be accurately constructed with sufficient strength and rigidity to maintain
the dimensions which are shown on the drawings and prevent loss of grout during
concreting.
Formwork shall be constructed so its removal will in no way damage the concrete or
affect the safety of the structure.
Prior to the placing of concrete, formwork shall be carefully cleaned of all extraneous
matter, including excessive moisture.

Page 15 N

Build in all necessary bolts, ties, conduits, pipes, flashings and fastenings as required.
Exposed concrete surfaces shall be formed from class 2 formwork.
The following shall be Class 2 formwork:

soffit of decking
sides and soffit of attached beam
sides and soffit of type 'A' frame
sides and soffit of isolated beams

The following shall be Class 4 formwork:

end of deck and attached beams

3N.

Building In
Place conduits and pipes in slab below the top steel and to avoid interference with
reinforcement.
Where conduits and pipes cross control joints, provide slip joints or other methods of
absorbing movement without fracturing.
Provide all sleeves, openings, inserts, anchors and other items to be built into concrete
or acquired for adjoining work or its support. Place these accurately in position before
concreting.
Do not cast into concrete steel fixings that are not hot-dip galvanised.

3P.

Preparation for Concrete Placing

Well dampen absorbent surfaces on or against which concrete is to be placed, prior to
placing concrete.

3Q.

REINFORCEMENT
Reinforcement shall comply with the following:AS.1302
AS 1303
AS.1304

Steel reinforcing bars for Reinforced Concrete.

Steel reinforcing wire for concrete.
Hard-drawn steel wire reinforcing fabric for reinforced concrete.

When delivered to the site it shall be kept clear of the ground and when fixed shall be
free from any matter which may impair it bond to the concrete.
Bars shall not be welded or heated and all bending is to be carried out in the cold state.
Reinforcing shall be adequately and accurately held in place on plastic tipped wire
chairs at 600 centres and securely tied with 1.6 annealed wire at intersections. All
marking tags are to be removed.
Minimum clear cover to reinforcement is as shown on the drawing.

Page 16 N

All reinforcement and formwork is to be inspected and approved by the Superintendent

prior to ordering of concrete.

3R.

Fixing Reinforcement
Reinforcement is to be securely held in its final position before any concrete is placed.
Lifting of reinforcement into position during concreting operations will not be accepted.
Prevent displacement when placing concrete.
Furnish templates for holding down bolts to ensure proper locations.
When reinforcing is joined the minimum laps shall be:
twisted deformed bars 40 diameters.
round bars 50 diameters.

3S.

SURFACE FINISH
Finish tops of decking smooth and level (or to falls if required) with a broom finish.
Finish tops of transfer beams type 'A' with a steel trowel finish.
Finish tops of isolated beams with a steel trowel finish.

DETAILED INSTRUCTIONS
3T.

Footings and Pads

Reinforce and pour concrete footings and pads as shown on the drawings. Form
footings only if specifically required by the Engineer.

3U.

Deck Slab

Form up, reinforce and pour concrete deck slab and attached beams and thickenings. Provide
reinforcement to all deck slabs with minimum cover as specified.
Form thickenings, plinths, beams, etc., as required and shown on the drawings.

3V.

Precast Concrete
Provide 1800 O.D. by 100 thick precast concrete column tubes reinforced with and
including 15 diameter vertical bars placed centrally at 275 centres and 10 diameter
horizontal bars placed alternatively on inside and outside faces at 150 centres.
Allow to form penetrations in precast concrete columns as required, including temporary
blocking and subsequent removal prior to pouring of attached columns and frames.
Precast concrete columns shall include for the supply, mixing, placing, sampling, testing
and curing, all necessary moulds and formwork, all reinforcement, finishing of exposed
surfaces, delivery to site, unloading, hoisting, placing and fixing in position, including all
necessary temporary props and braces.
Page 17 N

SECTION 4 - CARPENTRY
GENERALLY
4A.

Preliminaries
Refer to Preliminaries Section, which forms an integral part of this section.

4B.

Standards
Materials and workmanship shall comply with the following Australian Standards unless
otherwise specified:
AS.2796
AS.1328
AS.3887
AS.1170
AS.1720
AS.2082

4C.

Milled Products from Western Australia

Glued laminated structural timber
Tar epoxy paint, solvent based
SAA loading code
SAA timber engineering code
Visually stress-graded hardwood for structural purposes

Sizes
Except where finished sizes are particularly specified or shown on drawings, sizes
specified are nominal sizes.
Where dressed material is specified as nominal size the timber shall be finished square
to the nominal size with normal trade allowance being made for seasoning and
dressing.
Where gauged material is specified, the timber shall finish square to the nominal size
with normal trade allowance being made for gauging and seasoning if seasoned
material is specified. Gauged materials shall finish to a common dimension.

MATERIALS
4D.

Timber
Unless otherwise specified, timbers shall be sawn square to the full sizes specified, in
long lengths, straight grained, sound and free from large or loose knots, shakes,
sapwood, gum veins, waney edges and other defects.
Exposed timber shall be select grade, gauged sawn with chamfered arises.
Unless otherwise specified, timbers used in the various parts of the works shall be
seasoned Jarrah structural grade 3, stress grade F8.

4E.

Fastenings
Nails, screw and bolts used in exposed locations and in corrosive situations shall be
hot-dip galvanised steel.
Page 18 N

Fastenings in contact with non-ferrous metal components shall be compatible with that
material and shall be of a type recommended by the component manufacturer.
Power fastenings shall be suitable for the materials into which the fastenings are to be
anchored.
Bolts shall be complete with nuts and washers.
Fastenings are to be anchored.

4F.

Jetty Framing
Provide and fix all timber shown on the drawings to jetty including:
Walings, fender piles, rubbing pieces, copings and packers.
Where not shown, all timber is to be in accordance with the SAA Codes.
Comply with typical and specific details but allow for scheduling and erecting jetty
timbers to comply with SAA Codes.
Sawn timber exposed to view shall be straight, free from gum veins and shall be lightly
dressed or rubbed over and arrised.

4G.

Materials Storage
Properly stack materials on site.
Protect materials until incorporated in the works.

4H.

Carpentry Generally
Place carpentry elements accurately, level and plumb in an even plane. Fix securely in
place.
Where joints are unavoidable in structural timbers, they shall be scarfed, halved and
spiked or bolted as required. Joints shall occur directly over supports unless otherwise
shown or specified.
Ensure that materials and fittings are adequately fixed, using matching screws and bolts
for fittings where exposed to view.
When fixing to concrete or masonry, use masonry anchors in conjunction with screws or
bolts.
Carpentry work shall include for:

all labour, including framing, drilling, cutting, mitring, morticing, rebating, chamfering,
splaying, bull-nosing, etc.
fixing in position with all nails, spikes, screws, bolts, adhesives and mechanical
fastenings.

Page 19 N

4I.

Protective Coatings
Ensure timber surfaces are treated before delivery to site.
Coat timber with creosote.

Page 20 N

Page 21 N