Eukaryotic cells: no nucleus, organelles have membranes e.g. animal, plant, fungi
Organelle
Location
Description
Function
Cell-surface
membrane
It is the
outermost layer
in the animal
cell and
is found just
inside the cell
wall in the plant
cell
Nucleus
(containing
chromosome
s, consisting
of proteinbound linear
DNA, and
one or more
nucleoli)
Found in the
centre of all
eukaryotic cells
Nucleolus
Inside the
nucleus
Mitochondria
(single=
Located in the
cytoplasm of
Area of dense
chromatin within the
nucleus
It is a granular
structure and is not
membrane bound
Spherical sausage
shaped organelle
Site of aerobic
respiration
Diagram
Photo
from
Microscop
e
BIOLOGY
Eukaryotic cells: no nucleus, organelles have membranes e.g. animal, plant, fungi
mitochondri
on)
Chloroplasts
(in plants
and algae)
almost all
eukaryotic cells
Only in plant
cells
Two layers of
membranes
The inner layer is
continuous and forms
flattened membrane
sacs called thylakoids
It has a liquid part
called the stroma
Produce important
molecule, adenosine
triphosphate (ATP)energy source for
nearly all cellular
functions and
processes
Inner membrane
forms cristaeprovides a large
surface area for
respiration
It has a liquid filled
compartment called
a matrix- contains
ribosomes own DNA
and enzymes for
respiration
Site of
photosynthesis a
process in which
Glucose is produced.
Contains chlorophylla photosynthetic
pigment
BIOLOGY
Eukaryotic cells: no nucleus, organelles have membranes e.g. animal, plant, fungi
Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Outside of the
nucleus
Consists of flattened
sacs called cisternae
Continuous with the
outer nuclear
membrane.
Studded with
Ribosomes
Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Consists of flattened
sacs called cisternae
Golgi
Vesicles and
Golgi
apparatus
A transport system
for proteins
A stack of membrane
bound flattened sacs
(series of
membranes shaped
like pancakes)cisternae
Because the Golgi
complex absorbs
vesicles from the
rough ER, you will
also find ribosomes
in those pancake
stacks.
BIOLOGY
Eukaryotic cells: no nucleus, organelles have membranes e.g. animal, plant, fungi
Lysosomes
(a type of
Golgi vesicle
that releases
lysozymes)
Made by Golgi
apparatus
Inside contains many
powerful digestive
enzymes and is
slightly acidic so
material can be
digested without
harming the rest of
the cell
Spherical sacs
surrounded by a
single layer of
membrane
through the
cytoplasm.
It is also the
organelle that
builds lysosomes (cel
l digestion
machines).
It produces secretory
vesicles to carry
finalised products to
their destination.
Works closely with
the rough ER. When a
protein is made in
the ER, something
called a transition
vesicle is made. This
vesicle or sac floats
through the
cytoplasm to the
Golgi apparatus and
is absorbed.
Responsible for
breaking down
cellular debris and
material taken into
the cell through the
process of
phagocytosis
Isolate the potentially
harmful enzymes
from the rest of the
cell
Break down ingested
material or worn out
organelles or destroy
BIOLOGY
Eukaryotic cells: no nucleus, organelles have membranes e.g. animal, plant, fungi
Specialised vesicle
Ribosomes
Cell vacuole
(in plants)
Free in
cytoplasm or
studded on ER
Found in both
eukaryotic cells
and prokaryotic
cells
Outside of the
plant cells
plasma
membrane
Small organelle
Not membrane
bound
Consists of two
subunits
Plant cells
A large membrane
bound sac containing
water and solutes
Found in plant cells
Up to 80% of cell
BIOLOGY
Eukaryotic cells: no nucleus, organelles have membranes e.g. animal, plant, fungi
BIOLOGY
Eukaryotic cells: no nucleus, organelles have membranes e.g. animal, plant, fungi