Islam in Mexico
Arely Medina
El Colegio de Jalisco, Jalisco, Mexico
Keywords
Definition
Islam in Mexico is represented and characterized
by a minority of Mexicans, immigrants, or
natives; by a series of small groups or communities in the interior of the Mexican Republic; and
by a short history, thus one can not yet speak of a
Mexican Islam.
Introduction
The history of Islam in Mexico started with the
conquest of the American territory: Muslim conversos arrived in Mexico as Catholics and cryptoMuslims. The history continued with the series of
Arab immigrations and the constitution of Arab
embassies, by which is the arrival of the religion is
still currently permitted, via the enhanced mobility of traveling agents of the Islamic belief system.
dened as Arab; this time frame played a historically important role in geopolitical changes in the
Middle East, and thus the nomenclature to identify the Arabic is variable. In the case of Mexico,
in the waves of Arab immigrants came those who
emerged from the Ottoman Empire, and who were
identied as Syrians, Lebanese, Palestinians,
Iraqis, Egyptians, or Turks. These waves came to
Mexico between 1878 and 1882 (Hernandez
2009).
Many of these immigrants were simply identied as Arabs because this term was generalized
for those who spoke Arabic. Immigration records
show that the borders of entry to Mexico were in
the ports of Veracruz, Tampico, and Progress
(Zeraoui 2010), which were registered with Castilian surnames. Other immigrants simply were
not recorded because they had in mind moving
to the United States, later to be stalled in the
northern states of Torreon, Saltillo, and Monterrey
(Musalem 1997).
Attention to Arab immigration in regards to
religious identication must be provided, as not
all were Muslims, but some were Jewish, Orthodox, or Catholic and only a very small minority
were Muslim. This minority managed to be visible only from 1922 to 1924 (Hernandez 2009).
It was toward the end of the twentieth-century
that Muslims started to return as immigrants, taking part in the Mexican religious eld. In this
period started to see conversion of non-Muslims,
from among the Mexican population. This period
was characterized by the establishment of the rst
communities, community prayer (salat and
jumaa), as well as the preaching of Islam (da
wa) (Cobos 2008).
It is here that the emergence of the Shiite Muslim community of Torreon, the Su and Sunni
communities of Mexico City, and the Murabitun
of Chiapas are to be placed. The existence of these
is linked to an international proselytizing movement, save Torreon. We must also consider other
communities that emerged since 1990 as a result
of the intensication of transnational processes
and cultural globalization, such as in Guadalajara.
It is framed in a way within the establishment of
Islamic communities in Mexico known as conversion and autonomous Muslim communities
Islam in Mexico
Islam in Mexico
Islam in Guadalajara
The only record of Muslims in Guadalajara was in
1910 in the census of population and housing;
however, the presence of Islam in Guadalajara as
a community project emerged in 1993 with the
presence of immigrants and converts gathering for
Friday prayers. The precarious conditions and
social perception of the neighbors constantly challenged them and forced a later change of address
(Medina 2014).
The community harbored only fty people;
twenty to thirty were Mexican and foreign students, particularly from South America; the population did not increase in its infancy. Since 2001
the group met was called Casa Islam or Dar
al-Islam, which closed in 2005.
It was not until 2009 that the center of worship
Islam Guadalajara launched under the organization of Abdul Kareem, who after coming from
Houston, Texas, returned to Guadalajara to open
it. With some tracts, Kareem managed to contact
some immigrants and attract converts.
Without a building, it began its activities on a
website which provided the rst platform for
socialization. Later, sites were established for
prayer: a religious center, a medical ofce, and a
building rented for parties and alternative medicine sessions were used Friday to Friday to recreate an al-jamma, a space for prayer.
The beginnings of this community arose from
various stories of crisscrossing conversion and
immigration. The presence of a posterior Muslim
community was due to the immigration of Arabs
Conclusion
Islam in Mexico has advanced in several stages,
which help researchers understand the historical
moments and processes that anchor the modern
community: taqiya, dissimulation, and Islamization. The rst two are characterized by the arrival
of Muslims by birth and waves of immigration;
the third by processes of transnationalization and
cultural globalization, leading to a new form: the
conversion of autonomous groups (Medina 2014).
The rst Muslim immigrants to Mexico were
few, and religious life was put to the side as it gave
way to social integration. However, although they
managed to integrate into the sociocultural context, Mexican society began to create a vision of
who were Arab and Muslim. And although not
every Arab was a Muslim (their ranks included
Catholics, Jews, or Orthodox), it was immediately
linked with Islam and with it the clichs of polygamy but also by an anti-Arab sentiment due to
Islam in Mexico
Islam in Mexico
References