25-12-2015

1.
Both Hyperplasia and hypertrophy is
found in
a. Pregnancy uterus
b. Cardiac muscle in cardiomegaly
c. Skeletal muscle in athlete

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

All are cellular adaptations except:

d. Breast development in puberty

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

a. Hypertrophy

Physiological hyperplasia and hypertrophy are

seen simultaneously in:

b. Hyperplasia

a. Uterus in pregnancy

c. Necrosis

b. Skeletal muscle in athletes

d. Metaplasia

c. Breast at puberty
d. Thyroid gland during pregnancy

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

In comparison to hyperplasia, hypertrophy

involves.

Irreversible cell injury:

a. Increase in cell size and number

b. Cellular swelling

b. Increase in cell size without increase in

number

c. Blebs

c. Increase in cell number without increasing in

size

a. Mitochondrial densities

d. None

d. Increase in cell size and decrease in number

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

25-12-2015

Which finding on electron microscopy indicates

irreversible cell injury?

All are reversible injury of cell, except:

a. Dilatation of endoplasmic recticulum.

b. Karyorrhexis

b. Dissociation of ribosomes from rough large

endoplasmic reticulum

c. Fat accumulation

c. Large flocculent amorphous densities in the

mitochondria

a. Vacuole

d. Cell wall swelling

d. Myelin figures

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

In cell death, myelin figures are derived from:

a. Nucleus

The sign of reversible injury in a case of

alcoholic liver disease:

b. Cell membrane

a. Loss of cell membrane

c. Cytoplasm

b. Nuclear karyolysis

d. Mitochondria

c. Cytoplasmic vacuole
d. Pyknosis

Myelin figures are concentric whorls of membrane

Seen in reversible & irreversible cell injury
Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Enzyme level in tissue injury is due to:

a. Lysis of cells
b. Enzyme secretion
c. No inhibitor in serum
d. All of the above

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

All of the following statements are true regarding

reversible cell injury except:
a. Formation of large amorphous densities in the
mitochondrial matrix.
b. Diminished generation of adenosine triphosphate
(ATP)
c. Formation of blebs in the plasma membrane
d. Detachment of ribosomes from the granular
endoplasmic reticulum

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

25-12-2015

MI is a type of:
a. Coagulative necrosis

Enzyme that protects the brain from free radical

injury is:

b. Liquefactive necrosis

a. Myeloperoxidase

c. Caseous necrosis

b. Superoxide dismutase

d. Fat necrosis

c. MAO
d. Hydroxylase

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Fibrinoid necrosis may be observed in all of the

following except:

Organelle where H2O2 is produced and destroyed

is:

a. Malignant hypertension

a.

b. Polyarteritis nodosa

b. Lysosome

c. Diabetic glomerulosclerosis
d. Aschoffs nodule

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Coagulative necrosis is seen in:

Peroxisome

c. Golgi body
Diseases with fibrinoid
necrosis
Malignant HT
PAN
Rh fever
RA
SLE
HBV
Henoch Schonlein
purpura
Malignancies

d. Ribosome

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

a. TB

The Fenton reaction leads to free radical

generation when:

b. Sarcoidosis

a. Radiant energy is absorbed by water

c. Cryptococcal infection

b. Hydrogen peroxide is formed by

myeloperoxidase

d. Gangrene

c. Ferrous ions are converted to ferric ions

d. Nitric oxide is converted to peroxynitrite
anion

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

25-12-2015

Caseous necrosis is not found in:

Fibrinoid necrosis is seen in following except:

a.
b.

TB

a. PAN

Histoplasmosis

b. Diabetes mellitus

c. CMV
d. Syphilis

c. Malignant hypertension
Caseous nerosis
TB
Histoplasmosis
Coccidioidomy
cosis
Syphilis

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

d. SLE

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Eosinophilia in necrosed tissue is due to:

Chemotherapeutic drugs can cause:

a. Coagulation of proteins

a. Only necrosis

b. Denaturation of enzymes

b. Only apoptosis

c. Lysosomal damage

c. Both necrosis and apoptosis

d. Mitochondrial damage

d. Anoikis

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

All of the following are features of apoptosis,

except:
a. Cellular swelling
b. Nuclear compaction
c. Intact cell membrane
d. Cytoplasmic eosinophilia

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

True about apoptosis is all, except:

a. Considerable apoptosis may occur in tissues before
it becomes apparent in histology.
b. Apoptotic cells appear round mass of the intensely
eosinophilic cytoplasm with dense nuclear
chromatin fragments.
c. Apoptosis of cells induce inflammatory reaction.
d. Macrophages phagocytose the apoptotic cells and
degrade them.

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Most charecterstic featurepyknosis

Earliest change- cell
shrinkage

25-12-2015

Example of apoptosis is:

Apoptotic bodies are:

a. Councilman bodies

a. Clumped chromatin bodies

b. Gamma Gandy body

b. Pyknotic nucleus without organelles

c. Nuclear moulding

c. Cell membrane bound with organelles

d. Cell swelling

d. No nucleus with organelles

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Which of the following organelles plays a pivotal

role in apoptosis?
a. Mitochondria

In apoptosis, Apaf-1 is activated by release of

which of the following substances from the
mitochondria?

c. Nucleus

a.
b.

d. Golgi apparatus

c. BCL-X1

b. Endoplasmic reticulum

BCL-2
Bax

d. Cytochrome C

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

CD-95 is a maker of:

a. Intrinsic pathway of apoptosis

In apoptosis permeabilization of membrane

occurs in:

b. Extrinsic pathway of apoptosis

a. Nuclear membrane

c. Monocyte

b. Cytoplasmic membrane

d. Leucocyte

c. Lysosome
d. Ribosome
e. Mitochondrial membrane

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

CD95 is other name of

Fas

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

25-12-2015

Annexin V is a marker of:

Caspases are associated with:

a.
b.

Apoptosis

a. Organogenesis

Necrosis

b. Hydropic degeneration

c. Artherosclerosis

c. Collagen hyalinization

d. Inflammation

d. Necrosis

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Ladder pattern of DNA electrophoresis in

apoptosis is caused by the action of the
following enzyme:

a.
b.

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Internucleosomal cleavage of DNA is

characteristic of:
a. Reversible cell injury

Endonuclease

b. Irreversible cell injury

Transglutaminase

c. Necrosis

c. Necrosis

d. Apoptosis

d. Caspase

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

The following is an antiapoptolic gene:

Which of the following is an antiapoptotic gene:

a.
b.

a.
b.

Bax
Bad

C-myc
p53

c. BCL-X1

c. BCL-2

d. Bim

d. Bax

Bcl2- overexpressed
in follicular
lymphoma

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

25-12-2015

Starting point of apoptosis for programme cell

death is:

Mitochondrial abnormality is seen in:

a. Activation of endonuclease

b. Fabrys disease

b. Release of enzyme

c. Fanconis syndrome

c. Accumulation of calcium

e. Oncocytoma

a. Krabbes disease

d. Destruction by macrophages

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Oncocytes are found in all except:

a.
b.

Thyroid
Pancreas

The light brown perinuclear pigment seen on H

and E staining of the cardiac muscle fibres in
the grossly normal appearing heart is
a. Hemosiderin

c. Pituitary

b. Lipochrome

d. Pineal

c. Cholesterol metabolite
d. Anthracotic pigment

Oncocytes
Thyroid
Pituitary
Parathyroid
Lung
Salivary gland
Kidney

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Calcification of soft tissues without any

disturbance of calcium metabolism is called:

True about metastatic calcification

a. Ionotrophic calcification

b. Occurs in dead / dying tissue

b. Monotrophic calcification

c. Occurs in damaged heart valves

c. Dystrophic calcification

d. Calcification starts in mitochondria

a. Serum ca level is normal

d. Calcium induced calcification

Dead- dystrophic
Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

25-12-2015

True about psammoma bodies are all except:

Steatosis means:

a. Seen in meningioma

a. Fatty change

b. Concentric whorled appearance

b. Accumulation of proteins

c. Contains calcium deposits

c. Accumulation of glycogen

d. Seen in teratoma

d. Accumulation of pigment

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Seen in
Papillary ca
thyoid &
Kidney
Serous
cystadenoma
ovary
Mesothelioma
Meningioma

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Which of the following is not a common site for

metastatic calcification?

Psammoma bodies show which type of

calcification?

a.
b.

Gastric mucosa

a. Metastatic

Kidney

b. Dystrophic

c. Parathyroid

c. Secondary

d. Lung

d. Any of the above

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Brown atrophy is due to accumulation of:

a.
b.
c.
d.

Melanin
Hemosiderin
Hematin
Lipofuscin

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Which of the following pigments are involved in

free radical injury?

a.
b.
c.
d.

Lipofuscin
Melanin
Bilirubin
Hematin

LIPOFUSCIN
Wear &tear pigment
Perinuclear deposits
Aging , malnutrition
& cancer cachexia
Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

25-12-2015

Dystrophic calcification is seen in:

a. Milk alkali syndrome

All of the following are associated with

increased ageing, except:

b. Atheromatous plaque

a. Increased cross-link ages in collagen

c. Hyperparathyroidism

b. Increased superoxide dismutase

d. Vitamin A intoxication

c. Increased accumulation of free radicals

d. Accumulated mutation in somatic cells.

Also in
Rh heart valves
TB lymph node
Psammoma bodies
Monkebergs medial
sclerosis

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

All of the following statements are true for cell

ageing except:

Pyogenic infection and brain infarction

associated with:

a. Enlargement of telomere

a. Coagulative necrosis

b. Decrease number of mitochondria

b. Liquefaction necrosis

c. Glycolysation of DNA

c. Caseous necrosis

d. Glycolysation of RNA

d. Fat necrosis

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Lipid peroxidation as a cause of ageing and

injury of cells is:

Cloudy swelling is due to:

a. Free radical theory

b. Fat accumulation intracellularly

b. Apoptosis theory

c. Lysozyme degeneration

c. Enzyme cascade theory

d. Glycogen accumulation intracellularly.

a. Accumulation of water intracellularly

d. Cell destruction theory

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

25-12-2015

Most common type of cell death due to sudden

occlusion of blood supply?

Metastatic calcification is most commonly seen

in:

a. Coagulation necrosis
b. Caseation necrosis

a.
b.

c. Liquefactive necrosis

c. Lungs

d. Gangrene

d. Renal tubules

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Metastatic calcification is not seen in:

a. Kidney tubules

Cornea
Extensor tendon

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Lipofuscin, the golden yellow pigment is seen in

heart muscle:

c. Alveoli of lungs

a.
b.

d. Media of Monkeberg degeneration

c. Hyperplasia

b. Fundal glands of stomach

Hypertrophy
Atrophy

d. Infarction

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

Dr. T. Gayathri Devi

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