OBJECTIVES
Introduction
INTRODUCTION
The art of structural design - to ensure the structure
Fit for their purpose
Safety
Economy and durability
Safe fabrication and transport
Handling and erection
Future maintenance, deconstruction
Introduction contd..
Uncertainties affecting
of a structure
the safety
loading
material
strength
structural
dimensions
behaviour
under load
Design
errors
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Introduction contd..
LOADING UNCERTAINTY
Earthquake
WTC attack
Hurricane
tsunami wave
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Introduction contd..
MATERIAL UNCERTAINTY
Introduction contd..
BEHAVIOUR UNCERTAINTY
Tacoma_Narrows
Introduction contd..
DESIGN ERROR
Concrete
Wood
Fiber-Reinforced Plastics
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Arch
Frame
Truss
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Sliding
Overturning
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Vertical: Gravity
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DESIGN PROCESS
Typical Structural Systems
Arch
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Truss
C
T
Forces in Truss Members
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Frame
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Flat Plate
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Folded Plate
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Shells
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Functional requirements
Aesthetic requirements
Budgetary requirements
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Element Design
Sizing up of Individual member such as slab, beam,
column, tie, brace, trusses etc.
4. Connection Design
Joints between members and supports.
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23
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Sliding
Overturning
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Braced Frame
Infilled Frame
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Rigid Joints
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Compressive Failure
Tensile Failure
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Stiffness (Rigidity)
Property related to deformation
Stiffer structural elements deform less under
the same applied load
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Stiff
Stiffer
Stiffest
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