Unit 01: Linear Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities (One Variable)

INSTRUCTIONALFOCUSDOCUMENT
AlgebraI
TITLE: Unit01:LinearExpressions,Equations,andInequalities(onevariable)
SUGGESTEDDURATION: 15days
UNITOVERVIEW
Thisunitbundlesstudentexpectationsthataddresspolynomialexpressionsofdegreeone,operationswithpolynomialexpressionsofdegreeone,andsolvinglinearequations
andinequalitiesinonevariable.Solvingformulasandliteralequationsforaspecifiedvariablearealsoaddressed.Conceptsareincorporatedintobothmathematicalandrealworldproblemsituations.AccordingtotheTexasEducationAgency,mathematicalprocessstandardsincludingapplication,toolsandtechniques,communication,
representations,relationships,andjustificationsshouldbeintegrated(whenapplicable)withcontentknowledgeandskillssothatstudentsarepreparedtousemathematicsin
everydaylife,society,andtheworkplace.
Priortothisunit,inGrade5,studentsusedequationswithavariabletorepresentanunknownquantity.InGrade6,studentswroteandsolvedonevariable,one-stepequations
andinequalities,representingsolutionsonanumberline.InGrade7,studentswroteandsolvedonevariable,two-stepequationsandinequalities,representingsolutionsona
numberline.InGrade8,studentswrote,modeled,andsolvedonevariableequationswithvariablesonbothsidesusingrationalnumbercoefficientsandconstants.
Duringthisunit,studentsdefinepolynomialexpressionsandperformoperations(addition,subtraction,scalarmultiplication)withpolynomialsofdegreeone,includingrewriting
apolynomialtoanequivalentformwhendistributingbyarationalscalefactor.Studentsdeterminethequotientofapolynomialofdegreeonedividedbyapolynomialofdegree
one.Studentsmakeconnectionsbetweenexpressionsandequations,andsolvelinearequationsinonevariable,includingvariablesonbothsidesandtheapplicationofthe
distributiveproperty.Studentsmodelbothmathematicalandreal-worldproblemsituationsusingequations.Studentssolvelinearinequalitiesinonevariable,includingvariables
onbothsidesandtheapplicationofthedistributiveproperty.Studentsmodelbothmathematicalandreal-worldproblemsituationsusinginequalities.Studentssolve
mathematicformulas(includingsolvingfory),scientificformulas,andotherliteralequationsforaspecifiedvariable.
Afterthisunit,inUnit03andUnit04,studentswillapplytheirunderstandingofdegreeonepolynomialoperations,linearequations,linearinequalities,andliteralequations
whenstudyinglinearfunctionsandapplicationsoflinearfunctions.TheconceptsinthisunitwillalsobeappliedinlaterunitsinAlgebraIandsubsequentmathematics
courses.
InAlgebraI,solvinglinearequationsinonevariableisidentifiedasSTAARReadinessStandardA.5AandpartofSTAARReportingCategory3:WritingandSolvingLinear
Functions,Equations,andInequalities.SolvinglinearinequalitiesinonevariableisSTAARSupportingStandardA.5B.Simplifyingpolynomialexpressionsofdegreeoneusing
allfouroperationsisidentifiedasSTAARSupportingStandardsA.10A,A.10C,andA.10D.SolvingformulasandliteralequationsforaspecifiedvariableisSTAARSupporting
StandardA.12E.AllSTAARSupportingStandardsaresubsumedunderSTAARReportingCategory1:NumberandAlgebraicMethods.Thisunitissupportingthedevelopment
ofTexasCollegeandCareerReadinessStandards(TxCCRS):I.NumericReasoningB1,C1II.AlgebraicReasoningA1,B1,C1,C2,D1,D2III.GeometricReasoningC1VIII.
ProblemSolvingandReasoningIX.CommunicationandRepresentationX.Connections.
AccordingtotheNationalCouncilofTeachersofMathematics(NCTM),PrinciplesandStandardsforSchoolMathematics(2000),studentsshoulddevelopanunderstandingof
thealgebraicpropertiesthatgovernmanipulationofsymbolsinexpressions,equations,andinequalities.AccordingtoNavigatingthroughAlgebrainGrades912:
Highschoolstudentscontinuetodevelopfluencywithmathematicalsymbolsandbecomeproficientinoperatingonalgebraicexpressionsinsolvingproblems.Theirfacility
withrepresentationexpandstoincludeequations,inequalities,systemsofequations,graphs,matrices,andfunctions,andtheyrecognizeanddescribetheadvantagesand
LastUpdated07/27/2016
PrintDate08/17/2016PrintedBySAHILTRIKHA,LGPINKSTONHS
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AlgebraI
disadvantagesofvariousrepresentationsforaparticularsituation.Suchfacilitywithsymbolsandalternativerepresentationsenablesthemtoanalyzeamathematical
situation,chooseanappropriatemodel,selectanappropriatesolutionmethod,andevaluatetheplausibilityoftheirsolutions.(NCTM,2002,p.3)
NationalCouncilofTeachersofMathematics.(2000).Principlesandstandardsforschoolmathematics.Reston,VA:NationalCouncilofTeachersofMathematics,Inc.
NationalCouncilofTeachersofMathematics.(2002).Navigatingthroughalgebraingrades912.Reston,VA:NationalCouncilofTeachersofMathematics,Inc.
TexasEducationAgency&TexasHigherEducationCoordinatingBoard.(2009).Texascollegeandcareerreadinessstandards.Retrievedfrom
http://www.thecb.state.tx.us/collegereadiness/crs.pdf
OVERARCHINGUNDERSTANDINGSANDQUESTIONS
Algebraicexpressions(numbers,variables,andoperationalsymbols)arethebasictoolsofalgebra.
Whyarealgebraicexpressionsthebasictoolsofalgebra?
Howarealgebraicexpressionsusedtoexpressmathematicalideasandmodelmathematicalandreal-worldsituations?
Whatoperationsdoalgebraicexpressionsundergo?
Howcantwoexpressionsberelated?
Whyarealgebraicexpressionsevaluated?
Equationsandinequalitiescanmodelproblemsituationsandbesolvedusingvariousmethods.
Whyareequationsandinequalitiesusedtomodelproblemsituations?
Howareequationsandinequalitiesusedtomodelproblemsituations?
Whatmethodscanbeusedtosolveequationsandinequalities?
Whyisitessentialtosolveequationsandinequalitiesusingvariousmethods?
Howcansolutionstoequationsandinequalitiesberepresented?
Howdotherepresentationsofsolutionstoequationsandsolutionstoinequalitiescompare?
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AlgebraI
PERFORMANCEASSESSMENT(S)
OVERARCHINGCONCEPTS
UNITCONCEPTS
AlgebraicReasoning
AlgebraIUnit01PA01
EchoEngineeringbuildsrectangularsettlingtanksthat
includecoveredtops.Rubberstrippingmustbeplaced
aroundtheedgeoftherectangularsettlingtanktoseal
thetopcovering.SeymourIndustriescontracteda
projectwithEchoEngineeringtoconstructtwosettling
tanks,includingtherubberstripping.SinceTankAis
tobelargerthanTankB,TankAwillrequiremore
rubberstrippingthanTankB.
1)TankAwillhavealengthinfeetrepresentedby25x
+12andawidthinfeetrepresented7x+18.Writean
expressionthatcouldbeusedtodeterminethe
amountofrubberstripping,infeet,neededtoplace
aroundthetopedgeofthisrectangularsettlingtank.
Equivalence
Expressions
Simplify
AssociatedMathematicalProcesses
Application
ToolsandTechniques
ProblemSolvingModel
Communication
Relationships
Justification
2)ForTankB,SeymourIndustrieswantsthewidthof
thetanktobe8x+11feet.Iftheareacoveredbythe
topcanberepresentedinsquarefeetby360x+495,
whatexpressioncanbeusedtorepresentthelength
ofthetank?Writeanexpressionthatcouldbeusedto
determinetheamountofrubberstripping,infeet,
neededtoplacearoundthetopedgeofthis
rectangularsettlingtank.
UNITUNDERSTANDINGS
Algebraicexpressionsrepresentquantitieswhosevaluesareunknown
anddefinedbygeneralizationsorpatternsusingvariables,numbers,
andoperators.
Whatisthepurposeofthevariable(s)inanalgebraic
expression?
Howcanthenumberoftermsinanexpressionbedetermined?
Equivalencebetweentwoalgebraicexpressionsisindicatedbyan
equalsigncreatingageneralizedequation.
Whatsymbolisusedtoexpressequivalencebetweenalgebraic
expressions?
Whencantwoalgebraicexpressionsbewrittenasageneralized
equation?
Algebraicexpressionscanbesimplifiedortransformedtoequivalent
expressions.
Howisthedistributivepropertyusedtogenerateequivalent
expressions?
Howareliketermsidentifiedandcombinedwhensimplifyingor
transformingexpressions?
Howcandivisionbeusedtodetermineequivalentexpressions?
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AlgebraI
OVERARCHINGCONCEPTS
UNITCONCEPTS
UNITUNDERSTANDINGS
3)Writeanexpressionthatcouldbeusedto
determinethetotalamountofrubberstripping,infeet,
neededforbothrectangularsettlingtanks.
4)Writeanexpressionthatcouldbeusedto
determinehowmuchmorerubberstrippingisneeded
forTankAthanTankB.
Createadisplayincludingdiagrams,formulas,
calculations,solutionprocesses,solutions,and
justificationstopresenttoSeymourIndustries
regardingthetwosettlingtanks.
Standard(s): A.1A, A.1B, A.1C, A.1F, A.1G,
A.10A, A.10C, A.10D ELPS.c.1C, ELPS.c.2D,
ELPS.c.4H, ELPS.c.4K, ELPS.c.5G
AlgebraicReasoning
AlgebraIUnit01PA02
Createagraphicorganizerfortheproblemsituationby
analyzingtheinformationintheproblem,formulatinga
representativeequationorinequality,selectingtwo
differentsolutionmethods,explainingthe
Equations
Inequalities
MultipleRepresentations
SolutionRepresentations
Solve
Equationsincludeanequalsignwhichresultinadistinctsolution,
whereasinequalitiesincludeacomparisonsymbolwhichresultina
rangeofsolutions.
Howdoalgebraicgeneralizationsofinequalitiesdifferfrom
algebraicgeneralizationsofequations?
Howdosolutionsofinequalitiesdifferfromsolutionsto
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AlgebraI
mathematicalrelationshipsbetweenthemethodsof
solution,solvingtheequationbyeachmethod,and
interpretingthereasonablenessofthesolutionin
termsoftheproblemsituation.
Twocompanies,ChocolateBlissandExpressionsin
Sweets,sellaspecialheartshapedboxofchocolate
candyforValentinesDaycontainingthesamenumber
ofcandies.ChocolateBlisssellstheirboxof
chocolatecandyfor$2.00percandyplusa$12
packagingfee.ExpressionsinSweetssellstheirbox
ofchocolatecandyfor$3.00percandyplusa$10
packagingfee.
OVERARCHINGCONCEPTS
UNITCONCEPTS
UNITUNDERSTANDINGS
equations?
Application
ProblemSolvingModel
ToolsandTechniques
Communication
Representations
Relationships
Justification
1)IffiveboxesofChocolateBlisschocolatecandy
costthesameasfourboxesofExpressionsinSweets
chocolatecandy,howmanycandiesareineachbox?
2)ChocolateBlissandExpressionsinSweetsalso
sellchocolatecandyfromthecounterdisplaywhich
theyputinwhiteboxes.ChocolateBlisscharges
$3.00percandyplus$4.00forthebox.Expressionin
Sweetscharges$3.50percandyanddoesnotcharge
forthebox.Useaninequalitytodeterminewhenisit
lessexpensivetopurchasechocolatecandyfromthe
counterdisplayatChocolateBlissascomparedto
ExpressionsinSweets?
Equationsandinequalitiescanbesolvedusinggraphs,tables,and
algebraicoperations.
Howaregraphsandtablesusedtosolveequationsand
inequalities?
Howarealgebraicoperationsusedtosolveequationsand
inequalities?
Howareliketermsidentifiedandcombinedwhensimplifyingor
transformingequationsandinequalities?
Whatistherelationshipbetweenthesolutionstoequationsand
inequalitiesfoundinthegraph,table,andalgebraicoperations?
Real-worldproblemsituations,whenanalyzed,canberepresentedby
equationsorinequalitiesthatcanbesolved.
Howcanalgebraicgeneralizationsbeformulatedtorepresent
problemsituations?
Whatmethodsmaybeusedtodeterminesolutionstoproblem
situationsusingtherepresentativeequationorinequality?
Whymustsolutionsbejustifiedintermsofproblemsituations?
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AlgebraI
OVERARCHINGCONCEPTS
UNITCONCEPTS
UNITUNDERSTANDINGS
3)Whatotherfactorsmayinfluencethedecisionto
purchasefromChocolateBlissorExpressionsin
Sweets?
Standard(s): A.1A, A.1B, A.1C, A.1D, A.1E,
A.1F, A.1G, A.5A, A.5B ELPS.c.1C,
ELPS.c.2D, ELPS.c.3D, ELPS.c.3H, ELPS.c.4H
, ELPS.c.4K, ELPS.c.5G
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AlgebraI
OVERARCHINGCONCEPTS
UNITCONCEPTS
OperationalUnderstanding
UNITUNDERSTANDINGS
Formulascanberewrittenbysolvingforaspecifiedvariable.
AlgebraIUnit01PA03
AllOperations
Julieiswritingaresearchpapercomparingthe
relationshipsbetweenacceleration,velocity,andtime.
Duringherresearch,Juliefoundthefollowingformula,
whereaisacceleration,vfisthefinalvelocity,vi isthe
initialvelocity,t 2istheendingtime,andt 1isthe
AlgebraicandProportionalReasoning
Equations
Formulas
Solve
Whatwouldbethepurposeofsolvinganequationforaspecified
variable?
Whatprocessisusedtosolveforaspecifiedvariableinagiven
formula?
beginningtime:
Usingaformulaforfinalvelocityshemustloadintoa
computerprogram,Juliemustdeterminethefinal
velocityfromcollecteddataonacceleration,initial
velocity,initialtime,andfinaltime.
Application
ToolsandTechniques
Communication
Relationships
Justification
1)DetermineaformulaforfinalvelocitythatJuliecan
enterintothecomputerprogram.
2)Writeasummaryusingprecisemathematical
languagethatincludeswhytheoriginalformulamust
besolvedforfinalvelocityanddescribeandjustifythe
proceduresusedtosolveforfinalvelocity.
Standard(s): A.1A, A.1C, A.1D, A.1F, A.1G,
A.12E ELPS.c.1A, ELPS.c.1E, ELPS.c.2D,
ELPS.c.4H, ELPS.c.4K, ELPS.c.5G
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AlgebraI
OVERARCHINGCONCEPTS
UNITCONCEPTS
UNITUNDERSTANDINGS
MISCONCEPTIONS/UNDERDEVELOPEDCONCEPTS
Misconceptions:
Somestudentsmaythinkthataconstanttermcanbecombinedwithavariableterm(e.g.,2x+5=7x)ratherthanconstanttermsonlycombiningwithotherconstant
termsandlike-variabletermscombiningwithlike-variableterms.
Somestudentsmaythinkthatinthegraphortablemethodofsolvingtheequation,they-valueistheanswerratherthanthex-value.
Somestudentsmaythinkthatthenegativeinfrontoftheparenthesesisdistributedonlytothefirsttermoftheexpressioninparenthesesratherthantoalltermsofthe
expressioninparentheses.
Somestudentsmaythinkthatanswerstobothequationsandinequalitiesareexactanswersratherthancorrectlyidentifyingthesolutionstoequationsasexactanswers
andthesolutionstoinequalitiesasrangeofanswers.
Somestudentsmaythinkthatwheneveranegativeisinvolved,theorderoftheinequalityswitchesratherthanonlyswitchingtheorderofinequalitywhenmultiplyingor
dividingbyanegative.
UNITVOCABULARY
Algebraicexpressionageneralizationthatisacombinationofvariables,numbers(constantsandcoefficients),andoperators
Binomialtwotermse.g.,42y,3a+1
Degreeofpolynomialsameasthedegreeoftheterminthepolynomialwiththehighestdegree
Degreeoftermsumofthepowersonthevariablesintheterm
Firstdegreepolynomialpolynomialwhosehighestdegreetermcontainsonevariablewithpowerofone
Linearequationinonevariableamathematicalstatementcomposedofalgebraicand/ornumericexpressionssetequaltoeachother
Linearinequalityinonevariableamathematicalstatementcomposedofalgebraicand/ornumericexpressionssetapartbyaninequalitysymbol
Literalequationsequationsinwhichallorpartofthetermsareexpressedinvariables
Monomialoneterme.g.,2.5x,
Polynomialexpressionmonomialorsumofmonomialsnotincludingvariablesinthedenominatororunderaradical
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AlgebraI
Trinomialthreetermse.g.,x2+2x+1,a22ab8b 2
RelatedVocabulary:
Associativeproperty
Binomial
Commutativeproperty
Distributiveproperty
Equation
Equivalent
Evaluate
Expression
Graphicsolution
Inequality
Inverseoperation
Monomial
Numericsolution
Proportions
Rates
Reciprocal
Ratios
Simplify
Solve
Terms
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AlgebraI
UNITASSESSMENTITEMS
UnitAssessmentItemsthathavebeenpublishedby
yourdistrictmaybeaccessedthrough SearchAll
ComponentsintheDistrictResourcestab.
Assessmentitemsmayalsobefoundusingthe
AssessmentCreatorifyourdistricthasgrantedaccess
tothattool.
SYSTEMRESOURCES
MathematicsAlgebraITEKSSupporting
Information(withTEKSResourceSystem
comments)
MathematicsConceptsTree
STAARAlgebraIMathematicsBluePrint
OTHERRESOURCES
TexasEducationAgency MathematicsAlgebraI
TEKSSupportingInformation
TexasEducationAgency TexasCollegeand
CareerReadinessStandards
TexasEducationAgency AlgebraIReference
Materials
TexasEducationAgency- MathematicsTEKS:
VerticalAlignmentCharts
TexasInstruments- GraphingCalculatorTutorials
TexasEducationAgency MathematicsCurriculum
TexasEducationAgency Assessment
TEKS#
TEKS
UNITLEVELSPECIFICITY
SE#
Boldblacktextinitalics:Knowledgeand
SkillsStatement(TEKS)
Boldblacktext:StudentExpectation(TEKS)
Boldredtextinitalics:StudentExpectation
identifiedbyTEAasaReadinessStandardfor
STAAR
Boldgreentextinitalics:StudentExpectation
identifiedbyTEAasaSupportingStandardfor
Bluetext:Supportinginformation/ClarificationsfromTCMPC(Specificity)
Bluetextinitalics:Unit-specificclarification
Blacktext:TexasEducationAgency(TEA)TexasCollegeandCareerReadinessStandards
(TxCCRS)
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AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
STAAR
Strike-through:IndicatesportionsoftheStudent
Expectationthatarenotincludedinthisunitbut
aretaughtinpreviousorfutureunit(s)
A.1
Mathematicalprocessstandards.Thestudentuses
mathematicalprocessestoacquireand
demonstratemathematicalunderstanding.The
studentisexpectedto:
A.1A
Applymathematicstoproblemsarisingin
everydaylife,society,andtheworkplace.
Apply
MATHEMATICSTOPROBLEMSARISINGINEVERYDAYLIFE,SOCIETY,ANDTHEWORKPLACE
Including,butnotlimitedto:
Mathematicalproblemsituationswithinandbetweendisciplines
Everydaylife
Society
Workplace
Note(s):
Themathematicalprocessstandardsmaybeappliedtoallcontentstandardsasappropriate.
TxCCRS:
X.Connections
A.1B
Useaproblem-solvingmodelthatincorporates
analyzinggiveninformation,formulatingaplan
Use
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AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
orstrategy,determiningasolution,justifyingthe
solution,andevaluatingtheproblem-solving
processandthereasonablenessofthesolution.
APROBLEM-SOLVINGMODELTHATINCORPORATESANALYZINGGIVENINFORMATION,
FORMULATINGAPLANORSTRATEGY,DETERMININGASOLUTION,JUSTIFYINGTHESOLUTION,
ANDEVALUATINGTHEPROBLEM-SOLVINGPROCESSANDTHEREASONABLENESSOFTHE
SOLUTION
Problem-solvingmodel
Analyzegiveninformation
Formulateaplanorstrategy
Determineasolution
Justifythesolution
Evaluatetheproblem-solvingprocessandthereasonablenessofthesolution
Note(s):
TxCCRS:
VIII.ProblemSolvingandReasoning
A.1C
Selecttools,includingrealobjects,
manipulatives,paperandpencil,andtechnology
asappropriate,andtechniques,includingmental
math,estimation,andnumbersenseas
appropriate,tosolveproblems.
Select
TOOLS,INCLUDINGREALOBJECTS,MANIPULATIVES,PAPERANDPENCIL,ANDTECHNOLOGY
ASAPPROPRIATE,ANDTECHNIQUES,INCLUDINGMENTALMATH,ESTIMATION,ANDNUMBER
SENSEASAPPROPRIATE,TOSOLVEPROBLEMS
Appropriateselectionoftool(s)andtechniquestoapplyinordertosolveproblems
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AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
Tools
Realobjects
Manipulatives
Paperandpencil
Technology
Techniques
Mentalmath
Estimation
Numbersense
Note(s):
TxCCRS:
A.1D
Communicatemathematicalideas,reasoning,
andtheirimplicationsusingmultiple
representations,includingsymbols,diagrams,
graphs,andlanguageasappropriate.
Communicate
MATHEMATICALIDEAS,REASONING,ANDTHEIRIMPLICATIONSUSINGMULTIPLE
REPRESENTATIONS,INCLUDINGSYMBOLS,DIAGRAMS,GRAPHS,ANDLANGUAGEAS
APPROPRIATE
Mathematicalideas,reasoning,andtheirimplications
Multiplerepresentations,asappropriate
Symbols
Diagrams
Graphs
Language
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AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
Note(s):
TxCCRS:
IX.CommunicationandRepresentation
A.1E
Createanduserepresentationstoorganize,
record,andcommunicatemathematicalideas.
Create,Use
REPRESENTATIONSTOORGANIZE,RECORD,ANDCOMMUNICATEMATHEMATICALIDEAS
Representationsofmathematicalideas
Organize
Record
Communicate
Evaluationoftheeffectivenessofrepresentationstoensureclarityofmathematicalideasbeing
communicated
Appropriatemathematicalvocabularyandphrasingwhencommunicatingmathematicalideas
Note(s):
TxCCRS:
A.1F
Analyzemathematicalrelationshipstoconnect
andcommunicatemathematicalideas.
Analyze
MATHEMATICALRELATIONSHIPSTOCONNECTANDCOMMUNICATEMATHEMATICALIDEAS
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AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
Mathematicalrelationships
Connectandcommunicatemathematicalideas
Conjecturesandgeneralizationsfromsetsofexamplesandnon-examples,
patterns,etc.
Currentknowledgetonewlearning
Note(s):
TxCCRS:
X.Connections
A.1G
Display,explain,andjustifymathematicalideas
andargumentsusingprecisemathematical
languageinwrittenororalcommunication.
Display,Explain,Justify
MATHEMATICALIDEASANDARGUMENTSUSINGPRECISEMATHEMATICALLANGUAGEIN
WRITTENORORALCOMMUNICATION
Mathematicalrelationships
Connectandcommunicatemathematicalideas
Conjecturesandgeneralizationsfromsetsofexamplesandnon-examples,
patterns,etc.
Currentknowledgetonewlearning
Note(s):
TxCCRS:
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AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
A.5
Linearfunctions,equations,andinequalities.The
studentappliesthemathematicalprocessstandards
tosolve,withandwithouttechnology,linear
equationsandevaluatethereasonablenessoftheir
solutions.Thestudentisexpectedto:
A.5A
Solvelinearequationsinonevariable,including
thoseforwhichtheapplicationofthedistributive
propertyisnecessaryandforwhichvariablesare
includedonbothsides.
ReadinessStandard
Solve
LINEAREQUATIONSINONEVARIABLE,INCLUDINGTHOSEFORWHICHTHEAPPLICATIONOF
THEDISTRIBUTIVEPROPERTYISNECESSARYANDFORWHICHVARIABLESAREINCLUDED
ONBOTHSIDES
Linearequationinonevariableamathematicalstatementcomposedofalgebraicand/or
numericexpressionssetequaltoeachother
Linearequationsinonevariableincludingparenthesesandvariablesonbothsidesofthe
equation
Mathematicalproblemsituations
Real-worldproblemsituations
Multiplerepresentationsofmathematicalandreal-worldproblemsituations
Algebraicgeneralizations
Missingcoordinateofasolutionpointtoafunction
Verbal
Methodsforsolvingequations
Concreteandpictorialmodels(e.g.,algebratiles,etc.)
Tablesandgraphswithandwithouttechnology
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AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
Transformationofequationsusingpropertiesofequality
Operationalproperties
Possiblesolutions,includingspecialcases
Nosolution,emptyset,
Infinitesolutions,allrealnumbers,
Relationshipsandconnectionsbetweenthemethodsofsolution
Justificationofsolutionstoequations
Justificationofreasonablenessofsolutionsintermsofmathematicalandreal-worldproblem
situations
Note(s):
GradeLevel(s):
Grade5usedequationswithvariablestorepresentmissingnumbers.
Grade6solvedone-variable,one-stepequations.
Grade7solvedone-variable,two-stepequations.
Grade8solvedone-variableequationswithvariablesonbothsides.
AlgebraIintroducessolvingone-variableequations,includingthoseforwhichthe
applicationofthedistributivepropertyisnecessaryandforwhichvariablesareincluded
onbothsides.
AlgebraIIwillintroducesolvingabsolutevaluelinearequations.
Variousmathematicalprocessstandardswillbeappliedtothisstudentexpectationas
appropriate.
TxCCRS:
I.Numericreasoning
C1Useestimationtocheckforerrorsandreasonablenessofsolutions.
II.AlgebraicReasoning
A1Explainanddifferentiatebetweenexpressionsandequationsusingwords
suchassolve,evaluate,andsimplify.
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AlgebraI
TEKS#
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C1Recognizeandusealgebraic(field)properties,concepts,procedures,and
algorithmstosolveequations,inequalities,andsystemsoflinearequations.
D1Interpretmultiplerepresentationsofequationsandrelationships.
D2Translateamongmultiplerepresentationsofequationsandrelationships.
X.Connections
A.5B
Solvelinearinequalitiesinonevariable,
includingthoseforwhichtheapplicationofthe
distributivepropertyisnecessaryandforwhich
variablesareincludedonbothsides.
SupportingStandard
Solve
LINEARINEQUALITIESINONEVARIABLE,INCLUDINGTHOSEFORWHICHTHEAPPLICATIONOF
THEDISTRIBUTIVEPROPERTYISNECESSARYANDFORWHICHVARIABLESAREINCLUDED
ONBOTHSIDES
Linearinequalityinonevariableamathematicalstatementcomposedofalgebraicand/or
numericexpressionssetapartbyaninequalitysymbol
Inequalitysymbols
>(isgreaterthan)
<(islessthan)
(isgreaterthanorequalto)
(islessthanorequalto)
(isnotequalto)
Linearinequalitiesincludingparenthesesandvariablesonbothsidesoftheequation
Mathematicalproblemsituations
Real-worldproblemsituations
Multiplerepresentationsofmathematicalandreal-worldproblemsituations
Algebraicgeneralizations
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AlgebraI
TEKS#
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Verbal
Solutionstoincludenumeric,graphic,andverbalrepresentations
Methodsforsolvinginequalities
Concreteandpictorialmodels(e.g.,algebratiles,etc.)
Graphsandtableswithandwithouttechnology
Transformationofinequalitiesusingpropertiesofinequalities
Operationalproperties
Specialcasesforemptyset,,andallrealnumbers,
Relationshipsandconnectionsbetweenthemethodsofsolution
Justificationofsolutionstoinequalities
Differentiationbetweensolutionsofequationsandinequalities
Justificationofreasonablenessofsolutionsintermsofmathematicalandreal-worldproblem
situations
Note(s):
GradeLevel(s):
Grade6solvedone-variable,one-stepinequalities.
Grade7solvedone-variable,two-stepinequalities.
Grade8wroteone-variableinequalitieswithvariablesonbothsides.
AlgebraIintroducessolvingone-variableinequalities,includingthoseforwhichthe
applicationofthedistributivepropertyisnecessaryandforwhichvariablesareincluded
onbothsides.
AlgebraIIwillintroducesolvingabsolutevaluelinearinequalities.
appropriate.
TxCCRS:
I.Numericreasoning
C1Useestimationtocheckforerrorsandreasonablenessofsolutions.
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AlgebraI
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C2Explainthedifferencebetweenthesolutionsetofanequationandthe
solutionsetofaninequality.
X.Connections
A.10
Numberandalgebraicmethods.Thestudent
appliesthemathematicalprocessstandardsand
algebraicmethodstorewriteinequivalentforms
andperformoperationsonpolynomial
expressions.Thestudentisexpectedto:
A.10A
Addandsubtractpolynomialsofdegreeoneand
degreetwo.
Add,Subtract
SupportingStandard
POLYNOMIALSOFDEGREEONE
Algebraicexpressionageneralizationthatisacombinationofvariables,numbers(constants
andcoefficients),andoperators
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AlgebraI
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Polynomialexpressionmonomialorsumofmonomialsnotincludingvariablesinthe
denominatororunderaradical
Monomialoneterme.g.,2.5x,
Binomialtwotermse.g.,42y,3a+1
Degree
Degreeoftermsumofthepowersonthevariablesintheterm
Degreeofapolynomialsameasthedegreeoftheterminthepolynomialwiththe
highestdegree
Firstdegreepolynomialpolynomialwhosehighestdegreetermcontainsone
variablewithpowerofone
Ex:3x+8Thehighestdegreetermis3x,andthepoweronxisone.
Ex:2x5yBothtermsaredegreeonewiththepoweronxandyboth
equaltoone.
Simplifyingpolynomialsbyaddition/subtractionusingconcretemodels
Algebratiles
Simplifyingpolynomialsbyaddition/subtractionalgebraically
Cleargroupingsymbolsusingthedistributiveproperty.
Combineliketerms.
Placetermsindecreasingorder
Decreasingalphabeticalorder
Decreasingdegreeorder
Applicationsofaddition/subtractionofpolynomialsinmathematicalproblemsituations
Note(s):
GradeLevel(s):
Previousgradelevelscalculatedtheperimeteroftrianglesandrectangles.
Grade6generatedandcomparedequivalentexpressionsusingconcretemodels,
pictorialmodels,andalgebraicpropertiesofoperations.
Page21of27
AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
AlgebraIintroducesoperationswithpolynomialsofdegreetwo.
AlgebraIIwillextendoperationswithpolynomialsofdegreethreeanddegreefour,
includingdivisionofpolynomials.
appropriate.
TxCCRS:
I.NumericReasoning
B1Performcomputationswithrealandcomplexnumbers.
B1Recognizeandusealgebraic(field)properties,concepts,procedures,and
algorithmstocombine,transform,andevaluateexpressions(e.g.,polynomials,
radicals,rationalexpressions).
III.GeometricReasoning
C1Makeconnectionsbetweengeometryandalgebra.
X.Connections
A.10C
Determinethequotientofapolynomialofdegree
oneandpolynomialofdegreetwowhendivided
byapolynomialofdegreeoneandpolynomialof
degreetwowhenthedegreeofthedivisordoes
notexceedthedegreeofthedividend.
SupportingStandard
Determine
THEQUOTIENTOFAPOLYNOMIALOFDEGREEONEWHENDIVIDEDBYAPOLYNOMIALOF
DEGREEONE
Page22of27
AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
Degreeonepolynomialdividedbyanotherdegreeonepolynomial
Divisionofpolynomials
Divisionbyfactoring
Cancellationofcommonfactorsinthenumeratoranddenominator
Arraymethod
Longdivision
Longdivisionformatwithdivisoroutsidedivisionbox,dividendinsidethedivision
box,andquotientontopofdivisionbox
Missingtermsinseriesrepresentedbyaddingazeroterm
Applicationsofdivisionofpolynomialsinmathematicalproblemsituations
Note(s):
GradeLevel(s):
Previousgradelevelscalculatedtheareaoftrianglesandrectangles.
AlgebraIintroducesoperationswithpolynomialsofdegreeoneanddegreetwo.
AlgebraIIwillextendoperationswithpolynomialsofdegreethreeanddegreefour.
appropriate.
TxCCRS:
I.NumericReasoning
Page23of27
AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
X.Connections
A.10D
Rewritepolynomialexpressionsofdegreeone
anddegreetwoinequivalentformsusingthe
distributiveproperty.
SupportingStandard
Rewrite
POLYNOMIALEXPRESSIONSOFDEGREEONEINEQUIVALENTFORMSUSINGTHE
DISTRIBUTIVEPROPERTY
Polynomialexpressionmonomialorsumofmonomialsnotincludingvariablesinthe
denominatororunderaradical
Firstdegreepolynomialpolynomialwhosehighestdegreetermcontainsonevariable
withpowerofone
Factorizationofthegreatestcommonfactor(GCF)
Operationsonpolynomials
Addition/subtraction
Multiplication
Note(s):
GradeLevel(s):
AlgebraIintroducesoperationswithpolynomialsofdegreeoneanddegreetwo.
AlgebraIIwillextendoperationswithpolynomialsofdegreethreeanddegreefour.
Page24of27
AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
appropriate.
TxCCRS:
I.NumericReasoning
X.Connections
A.12
Numberandalgebraicmethods.Thestudent
appliesthemathematicalprocessstandardsand
algebraicmethodstowrite,solve,analyze,and
evaluateequations,relations,andfunctions.The
studentisexpectedto:
A.12E
Solvemathematicandscientificformulas,and
otherliteralequations,foraspecifiedvariable.
SupportingStandard
Solve
MATHEMATICANDSCIENTIFICFORMULAS,ANDOTHERLITERALEQUATIONS,FORA
SPECIFIEDVARIABLE
Literalequationsequationsinwhichallorpartofthetermsareexpressedinvariables
Twovariablelinearequations
Page25of27
AlgebraI
TEKS#
TEKS
SE#
Mathematicalformulas
Scientificformulas
Transformingliteralequationsissubsumedwithinsolving
Solvingforoneofthevariablesintwovariablelinearequations.
Solvingformulasforaspecifiedvariable
Mathematicalformulas
Scientificformulas
Note(s):
GradeLevel(s):
AlgebraIintroducessolvingmathematicalformulasandliteralequations.
appropriate.
TxCCRS:
I.NumericReasoning
X.Connections
Page26of27
AlgebraI
ELPS#
SUBSECTIONC:CROSS-CURRICULARSECONDLANGUAGEACQUISITIONESSENTIALKNOWLEDGEANDSKILLS.
TheEnglishLanguageProficiencyStandards(ELPS),asrequiredby19TexasAdministrativeCode,Chapter74,SubchapterA,74.4,outlineEnglishlanguage
proficiencyleveldescriptorsandstudentexpectationsforEnglishlanguagelearners(ELLs).SchooldistrictsarerequiredtoimplementELPSasanintegralpartof
eachsubjectintherequiredcurriculum.
Schooldistrictsshallprovideinstructionintheknowledgeandskillsofthefoundationandenrichmentcurriculuminamannerthatislinguisticallyaccommodated
commensuratewiththestudentslevelsofEnglishlanguageproficiencytoensurethatthestudentlearnstheknowledgeandskillsintherequiredcurriculum.
Schooldistrictsshallprovidecontent-basedinstructionincludingthecross-curricularsecondlanguageacquisitionessentialknowledgeandskillsinsubsection(c)ofthe
ELPSinamannerthatislinguisticallyaccommodatedtohelpthestudentacquireEnglishlanguageproficiency.
http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/rules/tac/chapter074/ch074a.html#74.4
ChooseappropriateELPStosupportinstruction.
Page27of27

Unit 01: Linear Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities (One Variable)

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Unit 01: Linear Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities (One Variable)

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