SECTION A
Constraint Equation
1. In the figure, ends P and Q of an inextensible string move down-wards with
uniform speed u. Pulleys are fixed and mass less. What is the speed v of the
mass m in upward direction?
x2 c1 2 y 2 d 2 c2 x1 cons tan t
Sol:-
dx2
1
dx
02
2y 0 1 0
2
2
dt
dt
2 y d
dx2 dx1
dt
dt
dy
0 u u 2(cos )v 0
dt
y 2 d 2
2u 2(cos )v 0
v
u
cos
u v cos 0
[ As
dx1
dx
dy
u
v p , 2 vQ , vm ] v
dt
dt
dt
cos
2.In the figure m 2 > m1 pulley and string are light. Using constraint method find the
relation between accelerations of m1 and m2.
dx1
dx
0 2 0
dt
dt
dx1 dx2
d 2 x1 d 2 x2
0 2 2 0
dt
dt
dt
dt
a1 a2 0 a1 | a2 | a 2
3. The ring m2 and block m1, are held in the position shown in figure and the system
is released. If
m2 > m the ring m2 slides down along the smooth fixed vertical rod, find
Solution
x c y 2 d 2 cons tan t
dx
1
dy
0
2y 0 0
2
2
dt
dt
2 y d
As
dx
dy
uand
v
dt
dt
u v cos 0
u cos .v 0
v
u
cos
v
u
u
cos
v
1
u cos
4. Find the constraint equation between the accelerations of the blocks M 1, m2 and
m3.
Solution:-
d 2 x1
d 2 xB
0
dt 2
dt 2
a1 aB 0 . 1
d 2 x2 d 2 x3 d 2 xB
2 2 2 0
dt
dt
dt
a2 a3 2aB 0 . 2
Solution
For 1,
X1 + XB = constant
d 2 x1 d 2 xB
2 0
dt 2
dt
a1 aB 0 . 1
For 2,
(x1 xB)+(xc -xB) constant
=>x1 2XB +Xc =constant
For 3,
(x1 - xc) + (x2 - xc) = constant
=> x1 + x2 - 2xc = constant
=> a1 + a2 - 2ac = 0 ... (3)
From Eqs. (1) and (2)
a1-2(a1)+a=0
=> a1+2a1+a c =O
=> 3a1+a c =0
a-3a1
From Eq. (3)
a1+a2-2(-3a1)=0
=> a1+a2+6a1=0
=> 7a1+a2=0
6.A block is pulled on a smooth surface with the help of a rope and rope is pulled
with speed u as in figure. Find the horizontal velocity of the block. (Assume the
contact doesn't lose during motion.)
Solution
x c y 2 d 2 cons tan t
dx d y 2 d 2
0
dt
dt
dx d y 2 d 2
0
dt
dt
dy
0
2 y d dt
u sin ( v) 0 as
sin ( v) u
v
cos ec
u
dy
v
dt
=>
7. Using the constraint equation find the acceleration of the if the acceleration of
the block m1 is a as in figure.
Solution
For l,a1=aA ...(l)
For 2, XA + (xA - x2) = constant
d x A d x2
2 0
dt 2
dt
2a A a2 0
2a1 a2 0 2a1 a 2
.. acceleration of block m2 = 2a.
8. In the figure, assuming pulleys and string are light, if the directions of
accelerations are given then find the constraint equation.
Solution
x1 x2 2 x3 cons tan t
d 2 x1 d 2 x2 d 2 x3
2 2 0
dt 2
dt
dt
Since x1 and x2 are assumed to be decreasing with time,
d 2 x1
d 2 x2
a
and
a2
1
dt 2
dt 2
therefore,
and x3 is assumed to be increasing with time, therefore,
d 2 x3
a3
dt 2
Thus a1 a + 2a3 = 0 or a1 + a2 = 2a3.
9. Assuming pulleys and string are light, find the constraint equation for
accelerations of m1 and m2.
Solution
6x1 + c + 5x2 + c' = constant
d 2 x1
d 2 x2
5
0
dt 2
dt 2
6a1+5a2=O
10. Assuming pulleys and string are light, find the constraint equation for
accelerations of m1, m2 and m3.
Solution
x1 + x2 +X = constant
d 2 x1 d 2 x2 d 2 x3
2 2 0 a1 A a2 a3 0
dt 2
dt
dt
11. An inextensible string AB is tied to a block B of negligible dimensions and passes
over a small pulley C so that the free end A hangsh1 unit above the ground on
which the block B rests. In this initial position shown in figure, the free end A is h
unit below C. If now the end A moves horizontally with a velocity u, obtain an
expression for the velocity of the block at any time t.
Solution
In time t, the end A moves to the position A1. So that AA 1 = Ut . The block B moves
upwards to the position B1. Let BB1=y.
In the ACA1 h y
h 2 ut
Then length A1 C = h + y
Or h2+y2+2hy=h2+u2t2
y2+2hy-u2t2=0.(1)
After solving equation (1), we get
y h h 2 u 2t 2 ... 2
This is the equation for the displacement y of the block. Velocity of the b k:loc
dy d
h (h 2 +u 2t 2 )1/2
dt dt
1
(h 2 +u 2t 2 )1/2 2u 2t
2
u 2t
v 2
(h +u 2t 2 )1/2
Or
12. A rod of length / is inclined at an angle with the floor against a smooth vertical
wall. If the end A moves with velocity v1 and the rod makes an angle
horizontal, what is the velocity of end B at that instant?
Solution
with
x 2 y 2 l constant
=> x2 +y2 = l2 = constant
2 x
dx
dy
dx
dy
2y
0 x y
0
dt
dt
dt
dt
dy
v2
dt
xv1 yv2 0 As
xv1 yv2
v1 y
v
1 tan v2 v1 cot
v2 x
v2
13. As shown in figure, the velocity of rod at any instant in downward direction is u.
Then what will be the velocity of triangular wedge in horizontal direction at that
instant?
Solution:-
tan
y
dy
dx
y x tan
tan
x
dt
dt
u v tan v
u
v u cot
tan
Solution
Angular velocity
tan
At t=1sec
d
?
dt
x
x 40 tan
40
dx
dx d(40 tan )
dx
d
d
dt
40sec 2
dt
dt
dt
dt
dt 40sec 2
d
40
d
1
dx
as v 40m / s
2
2
dt
40 sec
dt sec
dt
tan
x
40
1 .. 450
40
40
d
1
1
rad / sec.
2
0
dt sec 45
2
Laws of Motion and Friction
I5. Two unequal masses moving along straight lines are brought to rest by equal
resistance forces. If one mass moves twice as long (time) as the other but goes only
1/3 of the distance covered by the other before coming to rest. Find: (i) the ratio of
their velocities; and (ii) the ratio of their masses.
Solution
v1
t1
a1
(A) F = m1a1 and
As
t2
2
t1
t2 a1
. 2..........(1)
t1 a2
AgainS1
v12
v2
and S 2 2
2a1
2 a2
S1 v2 2 a1 1
. .......(2)
S2 v12 a2 3
From Esq. (1) and (2),
v2
t2
a2
(B) F = m2a2 and
v2 2 1 v2 1 v1 v1
. , , or 6
v12 3 v1 3 v2 v2
a1
F F
12.So m1 : m2 : a2 : a1 1:12.
a2
a1 a2
16. Calculate the forces of couplings in the figure.
Solution
F
110
110
=
2 m / sec 2
m Totalmass
55
Solution
Let a be the acceleration in the case in Figure (a).
T mg=ma
.(1)
2mgT=2ma (2)
Adding Esq. (1) and (2),
Mg= 3ma or
a=g/3
Let a' be the acceleration in the case in Figure (b).
T - 2 mg = 0 or
T = 2mg
and T - mg = ma'
or 2mg - mg = ma'
or mg = ma' i.e., a' = g
Acceleration in case (b) is greater than that
in Case (a). So, the statement is incorrect.
18. Two masses m and 2m are connected by a mass less string which passes over a
pulley as shown in the figure. The masses are initially held with equal lengths on
either side of the pulley. Find the velocities of the masses at the instant the lighter
mass moves up a distance of 6.54 m. The string is suddenly cut at that instant.
Calculate the time taken by each mass to reach the ground. (g = 9.81 m/s 2)
Solution
(2m m) g g
3.27 m / sec 2
2m m
3
2m moves down and m moves up with acceleration 3.27 m/s 2 from rest.
If v is velocity after moving 6.54 m,
v2=2aS=2X3.27X6.54
..V=6.54m/s
Initially, both are at height of 13.08 m from the ground. When they moved 6.54 m,
height of m from ground = 13.08 + 6.54 = 19.62 m and height of 2 m from ground
= 13.08 - 6.54 = 6.54 m. When the string is cut, m has upward velocity 6.54 m/s
and 2 m, the same downward velocity.
Motion of m: It takes
6.54 2
9.81 3
u
6.54 6.54
2.18m
2g
2 9.81
2
2h
2 21.8
2.11s
g
9.81
Time to reach ground =
2
3
1
S ut at 2
2
6.54 6.54t 2
3 2
t 2t 2 O
2
3t 2 4t 4 0
1
9.81t 2
2
4 16 48 4 8 4 2
s 0.67 s
6
6
6 3
19. Find the tension of strings connecting the masses shown in the figure. The
pulleys are mass less and the surface friction is zero. Find the relation between the
masses m, m' and M, if M is in eqilibriurn.
Solution
Tension is the same throughout. If M moves down, m moves to the right and m' up.
If m moves to the right by x, m' moves up by y,
M moves down by
aa'
2
a and a.
So, T=ma,Mg-2T=
a a'
2g
x y
2
M ( a a ')
2
2Mg 4T
4T T T m ' g
2g
M
M m
m'
4T T T
3g
4 1 1
g ;3 g T
;T
4 1 1
M m m'
M m m '
M m m'
If M is in equilibrium, 2T = Mg
Mg
3g
M M
1 1
;4
6 ' orM 2
4
1
1
2
m m'
m m '
M m m'
2mm '
m m'
Solution
The tension
2m1m2
effective acceleration
m1 m2
T1
264
(g a) 4.8(g a)
64
T2
2 9 1
(g a) 4.8(g a)
9 1
6 g 6 9.8 588
3.4m / s 2
17.2 17.2 172
4 times
21. In the arrangement shown in the figure, the mass of body 1 is
0 that
of body 2. The height h = 20 cm. The masses of the pulleys and the threads as well
as the friction are negligible. At a certain moment, body 2 is released and the
arrangement is set in motion. What is the maximum height that body 2 will go up
to?
Solution
If mass 1, moves down 1 cm, mass 2 moves up 2 cm.
So, its acceleration will be twice that of 1.
mg-2T=
ma
Tmgm2a
2T-2mg4ma
mg-2mg=(
+4)ma
or
( 2) g
4
a=
2( 2) g
4
acceleration of body
With this acceleration, it rises to a height 2h. Velocity on reaching 2h is given by
v 2 2as
2 2 g ( 2)
2h
4
2 2 g 2 2h
v2
4( 2)
h
2g
( 4)
2g
4
4 2 4
4( 2)
2( 2)
2h 1
= 2 h
( 4)
( 4)
4
6 h
4
22. A trolley of mass 100 kg, starting from rest, describes 100 m in 10 second. At
that instant, i.e., at the commencement of the 111 second, two packets, each of
mass 12.5 kg, are gently placed in the trolley. How far does it move in the next 10
seconds assuming that the forces on the trolley remain the same throughout?
Solution
1
Sinces ut at 2
2
1
100 0 a100
2
.. a 2 m / sec 2
200
125
V =
100 20
16m / sec
125
1
Ut at 2
2
1
1.6 100 240m.
2
Solution
=> T=F/4
(a) T=F/4125N
As T> mg and Mg, both the blocks will accelerate upwards.
Acceleration of m, a1
Acceleration of M , a2
T Mg
125 100
15 m / s 2
M
10
T Mg
125 100
2.5 m / s 2
M
10
M 10
(b) T=F/4=75N
As T < Mg and T> mg, M will remain stationary on the floor, where as m will move.
Acceleration of m, a1
T Mg
75 50
5 m / s2
M
5
(c) T=F/4=25N
weights of blocks are
mg = 50 N Mg= 100 N
As T < mg and Mg both, the blocks will remain stationary on the floor.
24. In the arrangement shown, the blocks A, B, C and D have masses m 1, m2, m3
and m4 respectively. The springs are weightless and have force constant k and the
string and pulley are light and smooth. The system is maintained in equilibrium by
the thread DG connecting block D to the ground. If the thread is cut at a certain
moment, determine the accelerations of the blocks immediately afterwards.
Solution
Initial acceleration of D a4
m m2 m3 m4 g
T4
1
m4
m4
25. Both the blocks are resting on a horizontal floor and the pulley is held such that
string remains just taut. At moment t = 0, a force F = 20t N starts acting on the
pulley along vertically upward direction as shown in figure. Calculate:
(a) velocity of A when B loses contact with the floor.
(b) height raised by the pulley up to that instant. (g = 10 m/s 2)
Solution
(a) Let T be the tension in the string. Then, 2T = 20 t or T = 10t N
Let the block A loses its contact with the floor at time t = t 1 This happens when the
tension in string becomes equal to the weight of A. Thus,
T= mg
or
10t1 = 1 X 10
or
t, = 1s . . .(i)
Similarly, for block B, we have
10t2 = 2 X 10
or
t2 = 2s
. . .(ii)
i.e., the block B loses contact after 2s. For block A, at time t such that t
its acceleration in upward direction. Then,
10t - 1 X 10 = 1 X a = (dv/dt)
or
dv = 10 (t - 1) dt . . .(iii)
Integrating this expression, we get
v
dv 10 t 1 dt or
v 52 10t 5 ... iv
Substituting t = t2 = 2 s
or
v = 20 - 20 + 5 = 5 m/s . . .(v)
t1 let a be
. . .(vi)
t 2
t 3
dy t1 (5t 10t 5)dt h 5 3
y 0
2
10
t2
5
2
5 t 1 m
3
1
h 5
m
2 6
26. A cat of mass m = 1 kg climbs to a rope hung over a light frictionless pulley. The
opposite end of the rope is tied to a weight of mass M = 2 m lying on a smooth
horizontal plane. What is the tension of the rope when the cat moves upwards with
an acceleration a = 2 m/s2 relative to the rope?
Solution
Let a be the absolute upward acceleration of the monkey and a' be the absolute
downward acceleration of the rope. a' is also the rightward acceleration of M. Then,
b = a - (a') (since relative acceleration is the vector difference between the
absolute accelerations) or b - a = a' Considering upward motion of the cat
T - mg
= ma ... (i)
Considering rightward motion of M
T = Ma' = M(b - a) ... (ii)
mM
m 2m
2m
12 8n
g b
(10 2)
mM
3
m 2m
Solution
From constraint relations we can see that acceleration of block is
dvB
3 6t )
1.5 3t
1.5 3tor
2
dt
aB
vB
25
sin 1
7
24 mg
84
7 24 1
0.2mg
mg
mg
25
25 5
125
25 125 5
84mg
84mg 1
84mg
mg
mg
125
125 5
125
F 84 g
m 125
The acceleration =
29. A mass m slides down a smooth inclined plane of inclination a and draws
another mass from rest through a distance d meter in t second along a smooth
horizontal table which is on level with the top of the plane over which the string
gt 2 sin 2d
2d
m
passes. Prove that the mass on the table is
sin a
Solution
m, mg sin T ma
Let the acceleration of the system be a. Then for mass
m, mg sin T ma
and
The mass m' moves a distance d in t seconds
1 2
at
2
2d
t2
2d mg sin
t2
m m'
1
2d
2d
m ' m
30 . The system of bodies in the figure starts from rest. Determine the acceleration
of the body B and the tension in the string supporting the body A given the weight
of A = 500 N and of B = 750 N. The coefficient of friction between the surfaces is
0.2.
Solution
Applying Newton's second law of motion to A,
500 T
500
a...(i)
g
Similarly, applying it to B
750
...(ii)
g 2
430 g
3.06m / sec 2
1375
Acceleration ofB
T 344 N
a
1.53m / sec 2
2
31. In the system of connected bodies in the adjoining figure, the coefficient of
kinetic friction is 0.20 under bodies B and C. Determine the acceleration of each
body and the tension in the chord supporting A.
Solution
Suppose, B moves up a distance x and moves down by a distance y. So, C moves
(2 x y )
down a distance
a A , aB (2aB a A ),
So, the acceleration of A, B, C are
Applying Newton's second law to A, B, C.
respectively.
Or
3
1
4
2T 800 g 800 g 800 aB
5
5
5
800 g 2T 800a A
or
136 g
2.4aB a A ......(4)
1000
From (3) and (4) ,
3.4aB
aB
376 g
1.084m / sec 2
1000 3.4
136 g
136 9.8
2.4 1.084
2.6016 1.3328 1.27 m / sec
1000
1000 3.4
T 400( g a A ) 400(9.8 1.27) 400(8.53) 3412 N
a A 2.4aB
1/ 2.
32. In the figure, coefficient of friction between the two blocks is given as
Find the force of friction acting between the two blocks. (g=10m/s 2)
Solution
Let acceleration of both the blocks towards left be a.
33. Two blocks A and B of mass 2 kg and 4 kg are placed one over the other as
shown in figure. A time varying horizontal force F = 2t is applied on the upper block.
(t is in second and F is in newton) Coefficient of friction
between A and B is
smooth (g = 10 m/s2)
1
2
Solution
Limiting friction between A and B is
1
f L mA g (2)(10) 10 N
2
Block moves due to friction only . Therefore, maximum acceleration of can be
amax
f L 10
2.5m/ s 2
mB 4
Thus both the blocks move together with same acceleration till the common
acceleration becomes
2.5 m/ s 2
after that acceleration of will become constant while that of A will go on
increasing To find the time when thew acceleration of both the blocks becomes
2.5 m/ s 2
(or when slipping will start between A and ) we will write
2.5
F
2t
t 7.5s
(mA mB ) 6
Hence , for
t 7.5s
a A aB
F
2t t
(mA mB ) 6 3
t 7.5saB 2.5 m/ s 2
For
Constant
aA
F fL
mA
aA
2t 10
2
aA t 5
And
or
or
34. There blocks A, and C of equal mass m are placed one over the other on a
Smooth horizontal ground as in the figure Coefficient of friction between any two
blocks of A, and C is Find the maximum value of mass of blocks D so that the
blocks A, and C move without slipping over each other .
Solution
Blocks A and C both move due to friction But less friction is available to A compared
with C because normal reaction between A and is less Maximum friction between
A and can be
f max mA g (1/ 2) mg
amax
Maximum acceleration of A can be
amax
f max g
m
2
mD g
g
mD g
mD 3m
3m mD
2 3m mD
Further
35. Figure shows a small block A of mass m kept at the left end of a plank B of mass
M = 2m and length l. The system can slide on a horizontal road. The system is
started towards right with the initial velocity v The friction coefficients between the
road and the plank B IN is 1/2 and that between the plank and the block is 1/4. Find:
(a) the time elapsed before the block separates from the plank.
(b) displacement of block and plank relative to ground till that moment.
Solution
There will be relative motion between block and plank and plank and road. So at
each surface limiting friction will act. The direction of friction forces at different
surfaces are as shown in figure Here,
f1
mg
4
and
3mg
1
f1 (m 2m) g
2
2
Retardation of A is a1 =
f1 g
m 4
and retardation of B is a2 =
Since, a2 > a1
f 2 f1 5
g
2m 8
1
s at 2
2
1
3
l a, t 2 gt 2
2
16
=>
(b) Displacement of block
1
S A u A t a At 2
2
S A 4v
S A 4v
=>
l
3g
t=
l
1 g 16l
3 g 2 4 3 g
g
a A a1
4
l
2
l,
3g 3
or
Displacement of plank SB = U Bt -
S B 4v
l
1 5
g
3g 2 8
S B 4v
l
5
l,
3g 3
or
16l
3 g
1
2
aBt2
a B a2
5
g
8
or
36. The coefficient of friction between the block A of mass m and block B of mass
1
3
2m is
Find the
Solution
When there is no slipping, then both the blocks move together with acceleration a =
g sin
And av = a sin
= g sin
, where a = g sin
aH = a cos
= g sin2 .
f = friction force p N
or
mg cos
maH
- mg sin
cos
=>
tan
= Mg cos2
or
-1
tan (
=>
tan-1
=>
.. =6
37. In the arrangement shown in the figure, M A = MB = 1 kg. String and pulley are
mass less. Block B is resting on a smooth horizontal surface, while friction
coefficient between blocks A and B is p = 0.4. Find the maximum horizontal force
that can be applied so that block A does not slip over the block B.
Solution
Net horizontal force on block B is zero. Hence, the given figure (a) can be replaced
by figure (b).
f max mA g
Maximum value of friction is
(0.4) (1) (10) = 4 N. Block B moves due
to friction. Therefore, maximum common acceleration of the two blocks can be
amax
f max 4
4m / s 2
mB 1
and
38. Find the maximum value of mass of block C of that neither A nor B moves. (m A =
100 kg, mB = 200 kg, Pulley and strings are mass less. Coefficient between A and B
= 0.4)
Solution
Maximum friction that can be obtained between A and B is
f1 mA g
= (0.4) (100) (10) = 400 N
and maximum friction between B and ground is
Equilibrium of A gives
T1= = 400 N ... (i)
Equilibrium of B gives
2T1 +f1 +f1 = T2 =>
T2 = 2(400)+ 400 + 1200 = 2000N
...(ii)
and equilibrium of C gives
mCg =T2
=> 10 mc = 2000 ..
MC = 200 kg = 2 X 102 kg
39. An open car of mass m0 is running on smooth horizontal rails under rain falling
vertically which it
catches and retains in it. If v0 is the initial velocity of the car and
water falling into
the car per second, find the distance travelled by it in time t.
Solution:
dv
dm
v
0
dt
dt
(m0 t )
So,
ln
v v0
t) + C
So, C = In v0 + In m0
m0
m0 t
=ln(m0+
dv
dt
dt m0 t
Integrating, In v = - In (m0 +
0, v = v0
v
v0
dv
v 0
dt
t)+ln m0=ln
m0
ds
m0 t dt
the mass of
dt
ds
m0 t m0 v0
Integrating, we get
because when t =
1
s
In(m0 t )
D
m0 v0
when t=0,s=0, ..
In m0 =D ..
1 (m0 t )
s
In
m0
m0 v0
s
m0 v0
In (m0+
t)=
ln m0
m0 v0
t
In 1
m0
40. A rain drop of mass m starts falling from rest and it collects water vapors and
grows. If it gain
Solution
d
( mv) mg;
dt
As
dm
dt
or
Integrating, (m +
When t=0,v=0
m0
So,
t 2
t gdt m0t g C
2
, where C is a constant.2 )
m0t
where K is a constant.
d
m0 t v m0 t g
dt
t)v =
.. C=0 ..(mo +
m= t+ K
t 2
g
2
t) v=
t 2
t 2
g m0t g t
2m0
2
v
t
m0 t
1
m0
This means velocity changes with respect to time.
41. A clean body of mass 100 g starts with a velocity of 2 m/s on a smooth
horizontal plane, accumulating dust at the rate of 5 g/s. Find the velocity at the end
of 20 seconds and the distance travelled during
Solution
d
(mv ) 0
dt
dv
dm
v
0
dt
dt
Here
so
After t seconds, mass of the body = 100 + 5t.
dv
dt
So (100+5t)
+5v=0
v
[Inv]
200
Integrating,
In
v
200
or
dv
5dt
v
100 5t
ln 1005t
20
0
100
200
v
200
1
2
=-ln200+ln100=ln
...
=
=>v=100cm/sec.=1m/sec.
Also, ln v= - ln (100 + 5t)+ In C
When t = 0, v=200cm/sec.
In200-ln100+lnC
:.ln C=ln200+ln1OO=ln(200X100).
In v=-ln(100+5t)+ln(200X 100)
200 100 ds
100 5t
dt
ds s
ds=
200 100dt
100 5t
cm=
200dt
100 5t
20
20
200dt
200
40
40 In 40 In2
[I
n
(100
5
t
)]
0 100 5t
0
100
= 40 X 0.3010X2.303 = 27.7 m
42. A flat car of mass m0 starts moving to the right due to a constant horizontal
force F. Sand spills on
the flat car from a stationary hopper. The velocity of loading is constant and equal
to
kg/s. Find the time dependence of the velocity and the acceleration of the flat
car in the process of loading. The friction is negligibly small.
Solution
dv
dm
v
F
dt
dt
(m0+
t)
dv
dt
dv
dt
F v m0 t
+v
=F
Integrating, we have in (F -
v) = - in (m0 +
t) + C
F v
dt
dv
m0 t
Whent=0,v=0,
v
t
a c
b a d c
Ft
F m0 t
b d
b
d
m0 t
Acceleration =
(m0 t ) F Ft Fm0 Ft Ft
dv d
Ft
dt dt m0 t
(m0 t )2
(m0 t )2
Fm0
t
m0 1
m0
m0 1
m
=
43. A particle moves in a straight line under the action of a retarding force. If its
initial speed is u a
the retarding force is mKv3 where m is its mass, v is velocity at any instant and K is
a constant
1 1
v u
show that
= Kx, x being the distance covered before its speed is reduced to v.
Show t
the time taken to travel is given by
Solution
dv
mKv 3
dt
Integrating
Or
1 1
2 2
u v
m
Also m
or
1
2v 2
=>
1
v
dv
Kdt
v3
=-Kt+ C.
When t=0,v=u
= - 2Kt
vdv
dx
Integrating,
dv
Kv 3
dt
=>2Kt =
=-mKv3
...
dv
v2
:.
1
1
2
2
v
u
=K dx
= Kx + C
When x=0,v=u
..
1 1
Kx
u v
or
1 1
Kx
v u
1
2v 2
=-Kt
1
2u 2
But 2Kt=
1 1
2 2
v u
1 1 1 1 1
2
2
v u 2K v u
1 1 1
2
1
Kx
Kx
v u 2 K
u
2K
x Kx 2
u
2
44. Having gone through a plank of thickness h, a bullet changed its velocity from v 0
to v. Find
time of motion of the bullet in the plank, assuming the resistive force to be
proportional to square of the velocity.
Solution
dv
dt
Resistance =m
Integrating,
1
v
=-Kv2
k
m
or
dv k
dt
v2 m
1
Kt 1
v
m v0
1
v0
So,
=c
1 1
Kt
....(1)
v0 v
m
or
Also m
dv
dt
=mv
dv
dx
=-Kv2
Integrating, In v=-
or ln v= -
k
m
t
From (1),
k
m
or
x+D.
dv
Kdx
v
m
v
v0
x+ln v0
...
In
v0 v
m 1 1
m
k v v0
K
v0 v
(v0 v) h
v0 v log v0
v
kx
m
kx
m
From (2), h
..(2)
m
k
= log
v0
v
t=
45. A motor boat of mass m moves in a lake with a velocity v 0. At the moment t = 0,
the engine is shut down. Assuming the resistance of water to be proportional to the
velocity of the boat, F = - rv (r is a positive constant), find:
(a) how long the boat moved with the shut down engine,
(b) the velocity of the boat as a function of the distance covered till the complete
stop, and
(c) the mean velocity of the boat over the time interval (beginning with the
moment, t = 0) during
Integrating, In v=
In v=
v
v0
rv dv
m dt
dv
r
dt
v
m
v
v0
r
m
r
m
times.
t+lnv0
or
r
t
m
ln
r
m
r
t
m
or
=
or
v=v0
m i.e., v ->0 when t ->
So; it stops when t is infinite only.
vdv
rv
dx
m
Also
dv
r
dx
m
or
V=
r
m
x+D
r
m
When x=0,v=v0
.. v0 =D
Hence v=
x+v0 v=v0
Total distance it moves before it comes to stop is given by
V=V0
rx
m
=0
x=
rx
m
v0 m
r
we have to find the distance x' covered before the velocity becomes Because
v=v0
x=
rx
m
v0
m 1
v0
r
=v0
rx '
m
or
rx '
m
v0
=v0 -
=v0
1
1
e
But v
rt
=v0
=>
rt
v0
em
v0 /
rt
v0
em
v
rt
Ine
m
t=
rt
em
or
mIne
r
m 1
v0
x' r
( 1)
mIne
t
Ine
r
distance travelled
time
Average velocity =
=
46. A water pipe has an internal diameter of 10 cm. Water flows through it at the
rate of 20 rn/sec. The water jet strikes normally on a wall and falls dead. Find the
force on the wall.
Solution
v = Av2
Momentum change/second = Av
100
But m = 4
, since
dm 4
dr
dr
3r 3
4 r 3
dt 3
dt
dt
K=
dr
dt
dm
K .r 3
dt
m
Since
and
dv
dm
v
mg
dt
dt
4 3 dv
4
r
v.K 4 r 3 r 3 g
3
dt
3
dv
3
vK g
dt
r
But
dv
a
dt
andv=at
3
r
g
4
a+ at K =g becomes4a=g .
.. a=acceleration of drop=
48. A body moves over a plane surface, starting from rest. The frictional force is
constant. The attractive force is (P - Kt) in gravitational units. The maximum
velocity is attained after t seconds What is the distance covered before it attains
the maximum speed if the mass of body is m.
Solution
Force=ma=m
dv
dt
Kt 2
mv p Kt gdt Pt
g
2
=(p-Kt)g
d
Kt 2
Pt
dt
2
The maximum velocity is attained when
Or P-Kt= or t=(T)=
p
K
ds
Kt 2
Pt
g
dt
2
But v=
is zero.
ds
dt
Pt 2 Kt 3
g
6
2
ms
or
1 P P 2 K P3
g
m 2 K 2 6 K 3
SECTION B
g
P3
P 3
g P3
g K 3T 3 gKT 3
2 K 2 6 K 2
m
m 3K 2 m 3K 2
3m
uu
r uu
r uu
r
uur
F1 , F2 , F3 ......Fn
1. When forces
uu
r
F1
(a)
(c)
uu
r
F1
m
uu
r uu
r
uur uu
r
F2 F3 .... Fn F1
m
(b)
(d)
uu
r
F1
uu
r
F2
m
m1 3
m2 2
m1 2
m2 3
(a)
(b)
(c) a = 2.4 m/sec2
(d) a = 5.4 m/sec2
3. n-blocks of different masses are placed on the frictionless inclined plane in
contact. They are released at the same time. The force of interaction between (n 1)th and nth block is
cos
(b) zero
(d) None
4. In the system shown m1 > m2. System is held at rest by thread BC. Just after
lower thread is Burnt,
m1 m2
g
m1 m2
(a) 15m/s2
(b) 25 m/s2
(c) 10 m/s2
(d) Zero
7. A particle, initially at rest is subject to two forces; one is constant, the other is a
retarding force proportional to the particle velocity. In the subsequent motion of the
particle
(a) The acceleration will increase from zero to a constant value
(b) The acceleration will decrease from its initial value to zero
(c) The velocity will increase from zero to a maximum and then decrease
(d) The velocity will increase from zero to a constant value
8. In the adjacent figure, the spring balance and string are mass less and the pulley
is ideal. The reading of spring balance will be Balance
(a)2kg
(b) 3 kg
(c) 2.5 kg
(d) Zero
9. The block shown in the figure is in equilibrium. Find acceleration of the block just
after the string burns.
(a) 3g/5
(b) 4g/5
(c) 4g/3
(d) None
10. In the arrangement shown, the pulley is smooth and the rope is inextensible.
The reaction force between ground and the block is F. If the system is in equilibrium,
F will be (g = 10 m/s2)
(a) 50N
(b) 40 N
(c) 30N
(d) 70 N
11. A time varying force F = 2t2 is applied on a body of mass 10 kg the variation of
force with time is graphically shown.
(a) The speed of body at t = 5s is.25/3 m/s
(b) Speed of body at t = 3s is 1.8 m/s
(c) Velocity varies with time
(d) Velocity is constant
12. A time varying force applied on a body of m is F = at - bt 2 where a and b are
arbitrary The correct options is/are
a
2b
a3
2b
a
4b
a3
12b 2
v2m
2 Fg
(a)
2 mv 2
3 Fg
(b)
(c)
2 Fgt 2
3 m
(d)
1 Fgt 2
2 m
14. The ball A, in the figure, is released from rest, when the spring is at its natural
length. For the block B of mass M to leave contact with ground at some stage, the
minimum mass of A must be:
(a)2M
(b)M
(c) M/2
(d) M/4
15. A particle of mass 2 kg is initially at rest. A force acts on it whose magnitude
varies with time as in the figure. The velocity of the particle after 10 s is
(a) 20 ms-1
(b) 75 ms-1
(c) 26 ms-1
(d) 50ms-1
16. The maximum value of the block m2 for which the system will remain in
equilibrium (coefficient of friction between block m 1 and plane surface is p), is
(a)
m1
2
(b)
m1
2
(c) m1
(d)2 m1
17. A block of mass m = (2 kg) is placed on a rough horizontal surface and is being
acted upon by a time dependent force F = 2t (where t is in second). The coefficient
= 0.20.The
frictional force f developed between the block and the surface versus force F plot is
as shown.
The velocity of the block at t = 4 s will be
(b) 5 m/s
(d) 2m/s
18. In the given figure the coefficient of friction between the two blocks is and all
other surface is smooth. Find the minimum value of F which will prevent slipping.
m1 m2 m1 g
m1 m2 g
m2
m1 m2 g
m2
(a)
m1 m2 m1 g
m1
(b)
m2
(c)
(d)
19. In the given figure the coefficient of friction between the two blocks is
other surface is smooth. Find the minimum value of F which will prevent
slipping.
m1 m2 m1 g
m1 m2 m2 g
m1 m2 g
m1
m1
and all
m1 m2 g
m1
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
20. A particle of mass m moves on the x-axis under the influence of a force of
attraction towards the
K
i
x2
origin 0 given by F =
. If the particle starts from rest at x = a, the speed it will
attain to reach at distance x from the origin 0 will be
2K x a
m ax
1/2
2K a K
m ax
1/2
K ax
m x a
1/ 2
m a x
2 K ax
1/2
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
21. The block A has mass m1 and is attached to a spring having a stiffness k. The
natural length of the spring is L0. Another block B of mass m2 is pressed against
block A so the compression in the spring is d. The arrangement is released from rest
from this position. The coefficient of friction between the blocks and the ground
beneath is
2(m1 m2 ) g
k
2(m1 m2 ) g
k
(a)
d
(b)
1/2
(m1 m2 ) g
k
( m1 m2 ) g
k
(c)
(d)
22. Two blocks A and B of masses 1 kg and 2 kg respectively are placed on a
smooth horizontal surface. They are connected by a mass less inextensible string
going over a pulley as shown. The pulley is being acted upon by a vertical force of
magnitude varying with time as F =2t N. Which of the following represent the
velocity time variation of A and B?
23. Each of the two block shown in the figure has a mass m. The coefficient of
friction for all surfaces in contact is p. A horizontal force P is applied to acceleration
of block A is same in both cases is
3
4
(a) 2 mg (b) mg
(c) 3 mg (d)
mg
24. In the arrangement shown, neglect the mass of the ropes and pulley. What must
be the value of m to keep the system in equilibrium. There is no friction anywhere
(a) M
(b) 2M
(c)
M
2
(d)
M
4
25. A block of mass m is placed over a rough surface in which minimum force is
mg
1 2
mg
2
(a) mg
(b)
(c)
(d) 2 mg
26. A block of mass 0.5 kg is pulled by 12 N force on a fixed block. Speed of block is
constant. Find total contact force applied by lower block on upper block.
(a) 12N
(b) 5 N
(c )13N
(d) 17N
27. In the figure shown, the wedge is fixed and the masses are released from rest.
The coefficient of friction between 4 kg and wedge is 0.8 and between 2 kg and
wedge is 0.6. Which of the following statement is/are correct?
r
a
(a)
(a) m1 > m2
(b) Plane is smooth
(c) No friction acts on m1 while it acts on m2
(d) No friction acts on m2 while it acts on m1
29. A block of mass 10 kg is placed in a car going down an incline of inclination 60.
1
3
If the coefficient of friction between the block and car floor is
. Find the
acceleration a of car down the incline so that the block doesn't slip on the car
surface.
g
3
2g
3
2g
2g
ora
3
3
g
2g
a
3
3
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
30. A lift is moving down with an acceleration 20 m/s 2. Which of the following is not
true?
3
(b) Normal force is 25
and acceleration is 5 m/s2 along incline
(c) Normal force is zero
(d) Acceleration of 5 kg is 20 m/s2 downwards
20 m/s2
31. A block is sliding along incline as shown in figure. If the acceleration to move of
chamber is a as shown in the figure. The time required to cover a distance L along
incline is:
2L
g sin acos
2L
g sin a sin
(a)
(b)
2L
g sin acos
2L
g sin
(c)
(d)
32. For a body on a horizontal surface, coefficients of static and kinetic frictions are
0.4 and respectively. When the body is in uniform motion on the surface, a
horizontal force equal in magnitude to limiting friction is applied on it. The
acceleration produced is:
(a) 0.4g
(b) 0.1g
(c) 0.2g
(d) 0.6g
33. Ten coins are placed on top of each other on a horizontal table. If the mass of
each coin is 10 and acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s 2. What is the magnitude
and direction of the force on 7th coin (counted from the bottom) due to all the coins
above it?
(a) 0.7 N vertically downwards
(b) 0.7 N vertically upwards
(c) 0.3 N vertically downwards
(d) 0.3 N vertically upwards
34. A smooth block is released at rest on a 450 incline and slides a distance d. The
time taken to slid is n times as much to slide on rough incline than on a smooth
incline. The coefficient of friction i
s 1
(a)
k 1
1
n2
s 1
(b)
1
n2
k 1
(c)
1
n2
(d)
1
n2
35. System shown in figure is in equilibrium. Find the magnitude of net change in
the string tension between two masses just after, when one of the springs is cut.
Mass of both the blocks is same and equal to m and spring constant of both spring
is k.
(a)
mg
2
(b)
mg
4
(c)
3mg
4
(d)
3mg
2
3
36. In the figure, the wedge is pushed with an acceleration of 10
m/s2. It is seen
that the block starts climbing upon the smooth inclined face of wedge. What will be
the time taken by the block to reach the top?
2
s
5
(a)
1
s
5
(b)
5
s
2
(c)
s
(d)
37 In the figure shown A and B are free to move. All the surfaces are smooth. Mass
of A is m. Then:
(a) u2 = u1
(b) u2 = u1 sin
(c) 2u2sin = u1
(d) u2(1+ sin ) = u1
39. Two wooden blocks are moving on a smooth horizontal surface such that the
mass m remains stationary with respect to block of mass M as shown in the figure.
The magnitude of force P is:
(b) g tan
(c) mg cos
(d) (M + m)g cosec
40. In the system shown in figure all surfaces are smooth. Rod is moved by external
agent with acceleration 9 m/s2 vertically downwards. Force exerted on the rod by
the wedge will be
(a) 120N
(b) 200N
(c) 160N
(d) 180N
41. Two masses each m are lying on the x-axis at (a, 0) and (+a, 0) respectively
as shown figure. They are connected by a light string. A force F is applied at the
origin and along the y-axis. As a result the masses move towards each other. What
is the acceleration of each mass? Assume the instantaneous position of masses as
(x, 0) and (x, 0) respectively:
(a)
F
x
2
m a x2
(b)
F
x
2
2m a x 2
2F
m
(c)
x
a2 x2
(d)
2F
m
a2 x2
x
42. Two blocks of masses m and M placed one over the other, are being pulled by a
time-dependent force F = kt as shown in the figure. The ground is smooth but
gk
(m M )
(a)
2 gk
(m M )
(b)
(c)
g (m M )
k
(d)
2 g (m M )
k
43. For the arrangement shown in figure the coefficient of friction between the two
blocks is p. If both the blocks are identical, then acceleration of each block is.
(a)
F
2 g
2m
(b)
F
2m
F
g
2m
(c)
(d) Zero
44. An elevator accelerates upwards at a constant rate. A uniform string of length L
and mass m supports a small block of mass M that hangs from the ceiling of the
elevator. The tension at distance 1 from the ceiling is T. The acceleration of the
elevator is
(a)
ml
M m
L
T
ml
2M m
L
(b)
ml
2M m
L
ml
2M m
L
(c)
(d)
45. A block is resting on a horizontal plate in the x-y plane and the coefficient of
friction between the block and the plate is . The plate begins to move in the xdirection and its velocity is v = bt2, t being the time and b being a constant. At what
time will the block start sliding on the plate?
b
g
gb
2
g
b
g
2b
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
46. Which of the following forces are electromagnetic in nature?
(a) Reaction on a body
(b) Tension in a spring
(c) Weight of a body
(d) Elastic force in a string
47. Which of the following forces are central?
(a) Gravitational force
(b) Spin-orbit interaction
(c) Force of gravity (mg)
(d) Electric force (q1,q2/r2)
48. The blocks B and C in the figure have mass m each. The strings AB and BC are
light, having tensions T1 and T2 respectively. The system is in equilibrium with a
constant horizontal force mg acting on C. Then
(a) tan
1
2
(b) tan
=1
(c) T1=
mg
(d) T2 =
mg
49. The coefficient of friction between the wheels of a car and the ground is 0.5. The
car starts from rest and moves along a perfectly horizontal road. If g = 10 ms -2, the
car
(a) can acquire a maximum acceleration of 5 ms -1 without slipping
(b) can attain a speed of 20 ms-1 in a minimum distance of 40 m
(c) can go up to a speed of 100 ms -1 in 10 sec
(d) after acquiring a speed of 50 ms-1 can come to rest, with the engine shut off and
brakes not applied in a time 10 sec
50. In case of a central force
(a) force is position dependent
(b) torque is zero
(c) angular momentum is constant
(d) force is conservative
51. If a force is conservative
(a) work is path independent
(b) it will be central
(c) work done round a closed path is zero
(d) potential energy remains constant
52. In a nucleus, the forces acting between two protons are
(a) nuclear
(b) electromagnetic
(c) gravitational
(d) weak
53. In an
-particle the forces acting between two neutrons are
(a) nuclear
(b) electromagnetic
(c) gravitational
(d)
weak
54. In an atom the forces acting between proton and electron are velocity is
(a) nuclear
(b) electromagnetic
(c) gravitational
(d)
weak
55. If a body is placed on an inclined plane, the forces acting on the body are
(a) gravitational
(b) electromagnetic
(c) nuclear
(d)
weak
56. The velocity time graph of a lift moving upwards has been shown below. Let T 1
V1 ,V2 ,V3
T2 and T3 be the tensions in the elevator cable during the three time intervals
then T1 :T2 : T3::
xi yj
yi xj
xi yj
yi xj
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
59. A body is acted upon by a constant force directed towards a fixed point. The
magnitude of the
force varies inversely as the square of the distance from the fixed point, then the
path can be
described by an equation similar to
(a) y = mx + C
(b) x2 +y2 = r2
(c) y = Cx2
(d) None
(where m, C and r are fixed values)
F
mg
F
3mg
(a)
(b)
2F
3mg
(c)
4F
3mg
(d)
(a) g
(b) g cos
(c) g cot
(d) g tan
62. A block of mass M rests on a rough horizontal surface. The coefficient of friction
3
2
3
2
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2
3
63. Given: x = 3 + 4t + 5t + 6t and y = 7 + 8t + 9t2 + 10t3. Which of the following
is/are correct?
(a) Force is zero
(b) Force is not parallel to x-axis
(c) Force is parallel to y-axis
(d) Force is time dependent
64. In the following figures (i) and (ii), all the surfaces are smooth string is mass less
and pulley ideal. The mass of the rope is m in both the cases. If T 1 and T2 be the
tensions at the mid points the ropes in figure (i) and figure (ii) respectively, then T 1 :
T2 is
(a) m : M
(b) m : (M + m)
(c) (M + m) : m
(d) 1: 1
65. A block of mass m is placed on a prism of mass M. The inclined surface is
1
2
mg sin
Mg
2
= 450
surface. The coefficient of friction ( ) between the surface changes with 0.3 time (t
in s) as the body moves along the surface. The velocity at the end of 4 s will be
(b) 5 ms-1
(d) None
3
(a) p = 0.5
(b) p = 0.4
(c) a = 2
m/s2
(d) a =
m/s2
69. A man pulls a block heavier than himself with a light rope. The coef-ficient of
friction is the same between man and the ground and between block and the
ground.
(a) The block will not move unless the man moves
(b) The man can move even when the block is stationary
(c) If both move, the acceleration of man is greater than the acceleration of the
block
(d) None of the above statements is correct
m1and , m2
70. Two blocks of masses
m1
string. Block of mass
m2
of mass is hanging at the other end of the string, which is passing through fixed
massless frictionless pulley shown in figure. The coefficient of static friction between
m1and , m2
the block and the inclined plane is 0.8. The system of masses
from rest.
is released
m1
(c) The magnitude of the contact force by the inclined surface on the block
is
20 3N
(d) None of these.
71. The figure shows an arrangement in which three identi-cal blocks are joined
together with an inextensible string. All the surfaces are smooth and pulleys are
a A , and , aC
massless. If
aB
A, B and C, then the value of
a A aC
a A , and , aC
in terms of
a A aC / 2
(a)
(b)
is
a A aC / 2
a A aC
(c)
(d)
m
72. Two blocks
tan 1
(a)
insufficient data
tan 1
tan 1
(b)
(c)
(d)
m1and , m2
73. Two masses
which are connected with a light string, are placed over a
frictionless pulley. This set up is placed over a weighing machine, as shown. Three
m1and , m2
combination of masses
in
second case
and in third case
Masses
are held stationary initially and then released. If the readings of the weighing
w1 , w2 and w3
machine after the release in three cases are
W1 W2 > W3
(a)
W1 W2 W3
(b)
W1 W2 W
(c)
respectively then
W1 W2 W3
(d)
a0 2m / s 2
74. The pulley is given an acceleration
(a) 200 N
(c) 300N
(b) 250N
(d) 350N
ur
F 6i 8 j 20kN
force
is applied on the cube. (use g = 10 m/s 2). Positive z-direction
is taken vertically upwards as shown. Then choose the correct statement (s).
3i 4 j
(c) The friction force on the cube acts along the vector
10 10N
(d) The contact force exerted by the surface on the cube is
76. Two men of unequal masses hold on to the two sections of a light rope passing
over a smooth light pulley. Which of the following are possible?
(a) The lighter man is stationary while the heavier man slides with some
acceleration.
(b) The heavier man is stationary while the lighter man slides with some
acceleration.
(c) The two-men slide with the same acceleration in the same direction.
(d) The two men slide with the accelerations of the same magnitude in opposite
directions.
F1 and F2
77. Two forces
F1
act on a thin uniform elastic rod placed in space. Force
F2
acts at right end of rod and
acts exatly at centre of rod as shown (both forces act
parallel to length of the rod).
F1
(a)
F2
causes extension of rod while
F1
(b)
F2
causes extension of rod and
F1
F2
(c)
causes extension of rod while
F2 does not change length of rod.
The correct order of True / False in above statements is
(a) T F F
(b) F T F
(c) F F T
(d) F F F
78. A block of mass 5 kg is placed over a rough horizontal surface with coefficient of
friction
= 0.1. There is a horizontal force of 13 N is acting on it towards right and
another horizontal force F is acting on it towards left. Taking g = 10 m/s 2, the range
of over which block does not slip is
8 F 18 N
0 F 18 N
(a)
(b)
(c) any value less than 18 N
(d) Any value above 18 N
a0
79. Two blocks A and B each of mass m are placed on a smooth horizontal surface.
Fand 2F
Two horizontal force
are applied on the two blocks A and B respectively as
shown in figure. The block A
does not slide on block B. Then the normal reaction acting between the two blocks
is
(a) F
(b)
F
3
F
2
(c)
(d) 3F
80. A boy of mass 40 kg wants to climb up a rope hanging vertically. The rope can
withstand a maximum tension of 500 N. The maximum acceleration with which a
boy can climb the rope is
(a) 1.5 m/s2 (b) 2 m/s2
(c) 2.5 m/s2 (d) 3 m/s2
81. A particle is placed at rest inside a hollow hemisphere of radius R. The
coefficient of friction
(a)
R
2
1
(b)
3
R
2
1
3
The maximum height upto
3
R
2
(c)
(d)
3R
8
l1
82. The length of an elastic string is
l2 F2
F1
when stretched by a force
F2
when the stretching force is
F1 F2 ,
by force
is
F2l2 _ F1l1
F2 F1
l1 l2
(a)
(b)
F2l2 _ F1l1
F2 F1
F2l1 _ F1l2
F2 F1
(c)
(d)
1
r 1
r 1 2
r
1 2
(a)
(b)
r 1 2
1 2 1
(c)
(d)
84. Two bodies of mass m and 4m are attached with string as in the figure. The body
l
of mass m hanging from a string of length is executing oscillations of angular
0
amplitude
while the other body is at rest.
What is the minimum coefficient of friction between the mass 4m and the horizontal
surface?
(a)
(c)
2 cos 0
1 cos 0
2 cos 0
(b)
(d)
3 2 cos 0
85. A bar moves with an acceleration a parallel to the ground. A ring can slide on
(a)
ma
(b) ma cos
m g 2 a2
(c)
mg
(d)
sphere of radius
in such that A end of chain is at the top of sphere while the
other end is hanging freely. Chain is held stationary by a horizontal thread PA. The
tension in the thread is
1 2
2
(a)
2
2
(b)
(c)
2
g
(d) None
88. Three blocks A, B and C of masses 2 kg, 3 kg and 4 kg are placed as shown.
Coefficient of friction between A and B is 0.5 and that between B and C is 0.1. The
surface is frictionless. The maximum force F that can be applied horizontally onto A
such that the three blocks move together is
(a) 12.22 N
(c) 11.25 N
(b) 13N
(d) None
m1 and m2
89. Two masses
a
m1 , m2
pulley. If the accelerations of ,
and pulley w .r .t. ground be
which of the following is correct (assume only gravity forces)?
(a)
(c)
r r
r
a1 a 2 2a p
r r
r
a1 a 2 o
(b)
r r
r
a1 a 2 a p
r r
r
a1 a p a 2
(d)
r r
r
a1 , a 2 and a p
then
down the rope that passes over a pulley having coefficient of friction
required is
2ge
(a)
2ge
(b) 2g
(c)
2ge
The pull
(d)
91. In the system shown, the mass m = 2 kg oscillates in a circular arc of amplitude
60, the minimum value of coefficient of friction between mass = 8 kg and surface
of table to avoid slipping is
(a) 0.25
(b) 0.50
(c) 0.40
(d) None
92. A long pliable carpet is laid on ground. One end of the carpet is bent back and
pulled backwards with constant velocity 16 m/s. If mass/length of carpet is 1 kg/m,
the minimum force needed to pull the moving part is
(a) 4 N
(b) 8 N
(c) 16 N
(d) 128 N
93. A flexible chain of mass m hangs between two fixed points A and B at the same
level. The inclination of the chain with the horizontal at the two points of support is
The tension at the mid point C of the chain is
(a)
mg
2 tan
(b)
mg
2 tan
mg
(c) Zero
(d)
(sin cos)
2
SECTION C
C-I
Two blocks A and B of masses 10 kg and 12 kg respectively are kept on a rough
wedge of inclination 30 and 600 respectively. The coefficient of friction between the
block A and wedge is 0.6 while that between B and the wedge is 0.3. The blocks
areA connected by a light inextensible thread. The wedge is fixed with respect to
ground.
(a)
(c)
6 35
g
22
up the plane
53 3
g
10
(b)
6.8 3 3
g
22
1
rough The coefficient of static friction between the surfaces of the blocks is
2
coefficient of friction between the block and table is
and
1. A horizontal force F is applied to the top block only, and the force is increased
until the top starts to slide. The bottom block will slide with top block only if
1
1 2
2
1
2 1 2
2
1
2 1 2
2
2 2 1
2 2 1
2 1
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2. Now instead, a horizontal force F is applied to the bottom block only and this
force is in until the bottom block just starts to slide. For the top block to slide with
the bottom block.
(a)
(b)
1 0
(c)
2 1
(d)
3. If m = 5 kg;
= 0.6 and
= 0.2. Then the minimum force to be applied on the
top block to produce motion in the system of blocks is (take g = 10 m/s 2)
(a) 20N
(b) 17.14N (c) 19.61N (d) 51.44N
C-3
Consider a system of three equal masses and 4 pulleys arranged as shown. The
mass of each block is m
1. The acceleration of C is
(a)
2g
23
downwards
(b)
2g
23
g
4
(c)
upwards
2. Acceleration of B is
(a)
(c)
2g
9
7g
9
(b)
(d)
upwards
(d)
g
4
g
9
g
9
upwards
(a)
5
9
3
4
mg
(b)
25
23
mg
7
9
(c)
mg
(d) mg
C-4
A body with a mass m slides along the surface of a trihedral prism of mass M, whose
upper plane
h table.
is inclined at an angle to the horizontal. The prism rests on a
horizontal plane having a vertical of static wall at the rear edge of the prism to keep
it at rest.
1. The force exerted by the base of the prism on the horizontal plane is Ltsncreased
(a) Mg
(b) mg
(c) Mg + mg sin2 (d) Mg + mg cos2
2. The force exerted by the wall prism
(a) Mg
(b) mg
(c) mg Cos (d) mg sin cos
3. The normal reaction on the block is
(a) mg
(b) Mg
(c) mg cos (d) mg sin cos
C-5
The three flat blocks as shown in the figure are placed on the 30 incline and a force
P = 80 N parallel to the inclined plane is applied to the middle block. The upper
block is prevented from moving by a wire which is attached to the fixed support.
The coefficient of static friction for each of the three pairs of surfaces is shown in
the figure.
1. Normal reaction between the 40 kg block and the inclined plane is (g= 10m/s 2)
150 3N
250 3N
400 3N
600 3N
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
3. If the force applied is 80 N, then study the following statements:
(i) slipping occurs between 40 kg block and the inclined plane
(ii) the 50 kg block slips and 40 kg block remains in place
(iii) slipping occurs between 40 kg block and the 50 kg block
(iv) the 40 kg and 50 kg blocks move together
Correct statements are: (a) (i) and (ii) only (b) (i) and (iii) only (c) (i) and (iv) only (d) (ii) and (iv) only
C-6
The system consists of a msss A of 40 kg, mass B of 15 kg and a force F is applied
parallel to the smooth inclined plane.
Friction exists between A and B Take g = 10 ms-1.
F 2 F1
2. When the force applied on block A is
(a)
3
5
(b)
1
3 1
1
3
(c)
3
(d)
F 2 F1
3. When
( 3 1)
(a) Zero
(b) 75, N
(c) 75
N
(d) 187.5 N
4. If = 0, then acceleration of B relative to ground is
(a) 5 ms-2
(b) 2.5 ms-2 (c) 1 ms-2
(d) Zero
C-7
Static friction act when there is no relative motion, which is self adjusting from zero
S
to maximum value
k
constant and given by
one
N.Sometimes
k
and
N.
1. Acceleration of a block A if F = 30 N
(a) 1.213 m/s2
(b) 2. m/s2
2
(c) 0.857 m/s
(d) 1.642 m/s2
2. Acceleration of block B if F = 30 N
(a) 1.213 m/s2
(b) 1.642 m/s2
2
(c) 2.124 m/s
(d) 0.857 m/s2
3. Acceleration of block A if F = 250 N
(a) 21 m/s2
(b) 1.6 m/s2
(c) 0.857 m/s2
(d) None
4. Acceleration of block B if F = 250 N
(a) 10 m/s2
(b) 1.6 m/s2
(c) 8 m/s2
(d) None
C-8
to slide on As shown in figure, a wedge of mass m 3 = 3.45 kg is placed on a smooth
horizontal surface. A small and light pulley is connected on its top edge. A light
flexible thread passes over the pulley. Two blocks having mass m 1 = 1.3 kg and m =
1.5 kg are connected at the ends of the thread m 1 is on smooth horizontal surface
and m2 rests on inclined surface of the wedge. The whole system is released from
rest. (g = 10 m/s2)
1. If F is 100
(a) 5,0
(b) 5,5
(c) 0,0
(d) 5,2.5
2. If F is 300N
(a)5,0
(b)5,5
= 0.50.
1. Acceleration of block A is
(a) 3 m/s2
(b) 2 m/s2
c) 4 mis2
(d) None
2. Acceleration of block B is
(a) 3 m/s2
(b) 2 m/s2
(c) 4 mIs2
(d) None
3. Acceleration of block C is
(a) 3 m/s2
(b) 2 m/s2
(c) 4 m/s2
(d) None
C-11
Three masses M, M and 2M are held stationary as shown in the figure with all the
strings taut. Now, the mass 2M is released and it starts falling vertically downward.
10
(a)
5
13
15
m/s
(b)
5
17
m/s
10
15
7
10
5
17
(c)
m/s
(d)
m/s
2. Velocity of mass 2M at the instant it touches the ground is
6
(a)
5
13
6
m/s
10
(b)
5
17
m/s
15
7
(c)
m/s
(d) 10 m/s
3. The maximum height reached by masses M (in metre is)
(a) 0.78
(b) 1.53
(c) 2.16
(d) None
C-12
A small sphere is suspended by a light string from the ceiling of a car and the car
begins to move with a constant acceleration a.
1. The tension produced in the string is
(a)T =T0
(b) T > To
(c)T < T0
(d)T = 0
where T0 is the tension in the string when the car is at rest or moving with uniform
velocity.
2. The value of the tension produced in the string is
m g 2 a2
m g 2 a2
m g 2 2a 2
(a)mg (b)
(c)
(d)
3. The inclination of the string to the vertical is
(a) tan-1 (a/g) in the direction of motion
(b) tan-1 (a/g) opposite to the direction of motion
(c) tan-1 (g/a) in the direction of motion
(d) tan-1 (g/a) opposite to the direction of motion
C-13
A plumb line is suspended from the roof of a railroad car and the car is moving on a
circular road.
1.The plumb line inclines
(a) forward
(b) rearward
c) towards the centre of the path
(d) away from the centre of the path
2. The inclination of the string of the plumb line w.r.t. vertical direction is
tan 1 (rg/ v 2 )
tan 1 (v 2 rg)
(a)
(b)
tan (v / rg)
1
tan 1 (v 2 r/ g)
c)
(d)
3 The tension in the string of the plumb line is
v 2
m g
r
v2
m g
r
(a)
(b)
v
m g
r
(c)
v 2
m g
r
(d)
C-14
Two masses 40 kg and 30 kg are connected by a massless string passing over a
frictionless pulley as shown in the figure.
(a) zero
(b) 0.5 MS-2 (c) 2.5 ms-2 (d) 0.8 MS-2
4. If mA = 10 kg, mB = 40 kg and applied force is 40 N, what will be the acceleration
of the system
(a) zero
(b) 0.5 MS-2 (c) 5.0 MS-2 (d) 0.8 MS-2
C -16
The coefficient of friction between m2 and inclined plane is p as shown in the figure.
m1
m2
1. If
=sin ,
(a) no motion takes place
(b) m1 moves downward
(c) m1 moves upward
(d) data insufficient
2. m1 starts coming down if
m1
sin cos
m2
(a)
m1
sin cos
m2
(b)
m1
sin cos
m2
m1
sin cos
m2
(c)
(d)
3. What is the acceleration of the pulley P4?
m1
sin cos
m2
(a)
m1
sin cos
m2
(b)
m1
sin cos
m2
(c)
(d)data insufficient
C-17
At t=0, a variable force varying with rescept to time as F=6t-2t 2 starts acting o0n a
2 kg body which is initially at rest (F is in Newton and t is in sec) When the boby
comes to rest again (we can see that at t=0, F =0) tehe force is withdrawn.
1.Find the time interval for which the force acts on the body
(a)2s (b)3s (c)3.5s
(d)4.5s
2.What is the time when the velocity of the body is maximum?
(a)2s (b)3s (c)3.5s
(d) 4.5s
3.Mark the correct statement:
(a)he velocity of the body is maximum when the force acting on the body is
maximum for the first time
(b)The velocity of the body becomes maximum when the force acting on the body
becomes zero again
(c)When the force becomes zero again, the velocity of the body also becomes zero
at the instant.
(d)All of the above
C-18
All the pulleys and strings are light and also all the surfaces are smooth. Take and
also all the surfaces are amooth .Take 10 ms-2
mg
sin cos
mg
sin cos
(a)
(b)
mg
sin cos
mg
cos sin
(c)
(d)
2. If angle of friction is
mg sin
sin( )
mg sin
sin( )
(a)
(b)
mg sin
sin( )
mg cos
sin( )
(c)
(d)
3. For what relation between angle 8 and angle of friction a, the block cannot move
whatever
may be the force applied
(a)
(c)
<
(b)
>
(d) None
C-20
In the adjacent figure, x-axis has been taken down the inclined plane and y-axis
= kx,
g sin
g
(a)
(b)
gcos
g tan
(c)
(d)
2. Maximum distance travelled by the block is
1
2
(a) 1 m
(b) 2 m
(c) 3 m
(d)
m
3. Frictional force acting on the block after it comes to rest
mg sin
2
mg sin
2
and
(a) 2 1 = 2
(b) 2 1 = - 2
(c)
2. The acceleration of smaller block is
(a)
2F
, left
5m
(b)
2F
, right
5m
(c)
F
, left
5m
is
(d)
1=2
F
, right
5m
(d)
1=-2
(a)
2F
5
(b)
F
5
(c)
3F
5
(d)
4F
, right
5
C-22
A block is kept over a rough horizontal ground with coefficient of friction p. At the
instant shown, block is at rest. Take this moment as t = 0. At this moment, a time
dependent force given by F = F0 e-t/r starts acting
m on the block along horizontal.
Here, rand F0 are known constants. The mass of the block is m.
1. The minimum value of F0 so that the block starts slipping over the surface is
mg
mg
(a)
1 2
(b)
1 2 mg
mg
(c)
(d)
2. If the acceleration of the block becomes zero at t = i, then initial acceleration of
the block is
(a)
(c)
F0
m
F0
em
(b)
(d)
F0
1
1
m
e
F0
1
1
em
e
C-23
0
going up with an acceleration
(b)
sin
(c) (g +
)sin
(d) (g sin + a0cos )
2. The time taken by the particle to reach the bottom
2L
t
g sin
(a)
2L
0 sin
1/2
(b)
2L
( g 0 )sin cos
1/2
2L
( g 0 )sin
1/2
1/2
(c)
(d)
3. If the elevator going up with constant velocity, the time taken by the particle to
reach the bottom is
(a)
2L
( g sin cos
1/2
(b)
2L
( g sin
1/2
(c)
2L
( g cos
1/2
(d)None
C-24
If two masses A and B drawn in their attached cables with an acceleration of
0.2
t m / s 2
3
where t is in seconds
5 5
(a) 5 m/s
(b)
m/s
(c)
m/s (d) 2 m/s
2. The acceleration of the ball after it is dropped is given by
(10) 2 (2) 2
(a) 10 m/s2 (b)
m/s2
(c) 12 m/s2 (d) 2 m/s2
3. The angle which the velocity vector makes with the vertical is
(a) tan-1
(c) tan
1
2
-1
(b) tan-1(2)
1
5
(d) tan-1(5)
C-26
A helicopter of mass M is rising vertically upwards with a uniform acceleration a. If
the mass of the pilot in the helicopter is m.
1. What is the magnitude and direction of the force exerted by the pilot on the floor
of the helicopter?
(a) m (g +
) vertically downwards
a
(b) m (g -
) vertically upwards
(a) m(g +
) vertically downwards
(b)m(g -
) vertically upwards
(c) (M + m) (g +
) vertically upwards
(a) m(g +
(b) m(g -
)vertically downwards
) vertically upwards
(c) (M + m) (g +
(d) (M + m) (g +
3.
) vertically upwards
) vertically downwards
If VA = kvD Then k is
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) None
C.25
1.
m/s2)
A car starts from rest with a constant acceleration of 2 mIs 2. After 5 s, a ball is
dropped through the window of the car. The window of the car is at a height
of 1.25 m from the ground.
What will be the speed of the ball, 0.5 s after it was dropped? (Take g = 10
5
2.
5 5
(a) 5 m/s
(b)
m/s (c)
m/s (d) 2 m/s
The acceleration of the ball after it is dropped is given by
10
3.
(a)
(c)
1
tan 1
2
1
tan 1
5
tan 1 (2)
(b)
tan 1 (5)
(d)
C-26
1.
2.
3.
Column.I
(a) Central forces
Column.II
(p)Electromagnetic in nature
2.
dU
dx
10 N
horizontal surface pulled by a horizontal
20 N , SL 0.5
force of
1
3
300 and coefficient of friction
(c) Block of mass 0.75 kg pulled by a
constant force of 7.5 N upon incline of
1
3
inclination 300 and coefficient of friction
(d) Block of mass 2 kg pulled vertically by
fr1
Friction force between blocks
fr2
T
4.
Column-I
Column-II
(a) If F1= 8N,F2 = 18N
(p) fr1 = 8
(b) If F1 = 12 N, F2 = 12 N
(q) fr1 = 4
(c) IfF1=4N,F2=20N
(r)fr2=10
(d) IfF1=8N,F2 =0N
(s)T=0
A block of 10 kg is placed on rough inclined surface of coefficient of friction
= 0.8.
Column-I
(a) F= 30N,
Column-II
(b) F = 30 N,
(c) F = 30 N,
= 00
= 90
(r) N= 86N
5.
6.
(d) F = 50 N,
= 30
(s) N= 101 N
Two similar blocks are connected by a string. Forces of 4 N and EN are applied
on blocks according to diagram. T represents tension in string. F 1 represents
friction on left block and f2 represents friction on right block.
Column-I
Column-II
(a) F=0N
(p) f1 = 4
(b) F=4N
(q) f2=0
(c) F=20N (r) T=0
(d) F=1ON (s) f2 = 4
A pulley system is attached to an elevator as shown in figure. The elevator
starts to move up with an acceleration a.
Column-I
Column-II
1
(m m )
2 2 1 1 at 2
(m1 m2 ) 2
(a)Acceleration of m1 in elevator frame
(p)
(q)
1 m 2 m1
( g a) t 2
2 (m1 m2 )
m 2 m1
ga
m1 m2
(m 2 m1 )
( g a)
(m1 m2 )
(d)Distance covered of m1 in ground frame
7.
8.
(s)
Column-I
Column-II
(a)Strong
(p)Graviton
(b)Electromagnetic
(q)Photon
(c)Weak
(r)Boson
(d)Gravitational
(s) Pion
In the figure, all pulleys are massless and strings are light.
Column-I
(a)1 kg block
(b)2 kg block
(c)3 kg block
(d)4 kg block
9.
Column-II
(p)will remain stationary
(q)will move down
(r)will move up
(s)5m/s2
(t)10rn/s2
In the figure (g = 10 mIs2)
Column-I
(a)Acceleration of 2 kg block
(b)Net force on 3 kg block
(c)Normal reaction between
2 kg and 1 kg
(d)Normal reaction between
3 kg and 2 kg
Column-Il
(j)8 SI unit
(u)25 SI unit
(r)2 SI unit
(s)45 SI unit
(t)None
1.
Statement-I : Normal contact force offered by a horizontal surface on a block
placed on it
doesn't form an action-reaction pair with the weight of the block.
5.
6.
9.
11.
blocks is
( # 0)
Statement-1 : Afterwards, friction between the blocks is static in nature and
non zero. Statement-2: The lower block is in translational equilibrium.
Statement-I: While walking on a slippery road, one should take shorter steps.
Statement-2: For longer steps, the line joining the centre of gravity of man to
the toe of his foot makes a larger angle to the vertical. This decreases the
normal reaction and thus friction.
Statement-I: Kinetic Friction force opposes the relative motion of the body.
Statement-2: Friction force is generated due to relative slipping between
bodies. Statement-i: For motion of body, we have to apply force.
Statement-2: To change position of a body, velocity is necessary.
Statement-1 : Reading of a weighing machine is not always equal to weight of
the body. Statement-2: Reading of weighing machine is equal to normal
reaction on body by weighing machine.
Statement-1 : Normal reaction acting on a body is always perpendicular to
the sufrace. Statement-2: Normal reaction is a component of contact force.
Statement-I: Static friction is always equal to applied force.
Statement-2: For static friction, body must be at rest.
Statement-1 : In the figure shown, upper block is always relatively at rest
w.r.t. lower block, whatever be the magnitude of force.
13.
14.
15.
r r
r r
v at.So, v || a
velocity
16.
Statement-I: A body can possibly move with constant speed under the action
of
Statement-2: A single force can be treated as resultant of two oppositely
directed forces
17.
A block of mass m is suspended from a light, inextensible string from the
ceiling of*
Statement-I: The tension in the string is less than the weight of the block,
when goes down.
Statement-2: When the block experiences a downward acceleration, net force
directed downward.
18.
Statement-1 : In a frame of reference attached to a particle itself, the
acceleration is zero.
Statement-2: The frame of reference which moves with constant velocity
w.r.t. reference is an inertial frame of reference.
19.
Statement-1 : A body can be pulled with the least effort if it is pulled at an
angle of friction from the surface.
tan 1 ( )
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Statement-.I : Force of action and reaction do not cancel each other, each
produces its own effect.
Statement-2: Forces of action and reaction are equal and opposite.
Statement-I: The apparent weight of a body in an elevator moving with some
downward acceleration is less than the actual weight of body.
Statement-2: The part of the weight is spent in producing downward
acceleration, when body is in elevator.
Statement-I: When we press the ground harder we can walk rapidly.
Statement-2: Frictional force will be more when we push the ground harder,
which pushes us with more acceleration.
SECTION F
1. The block of mass 1 kg placed on a smooth wedge of inclination 37 which
gets a horizontal acceleration a to the right. Find acceleration of block 1 kg
w.r.t. wedge m when
a
2.
3a
5
g
4
3g
4
(a)
(b)
(c)
A block of mass 2 k slides down an inclined plane which makes an angle of
3
2
30 with The coefficient of friction between the block and the surface is (a) What force must be applied to the block so that the block moves down
the p acceleration?
(b) What force should be applied to the block so that it can move up without
any ac
(c) Calculate the ratio of powers needed in the above two cases, if the block
moves 'speed in both the cases.
3.
A plank of mass 4 kg is placed on a smooth horizontal surface. A block of
mass 2 k the plank and is being acted upon a horizontal force F = 0.5 t where
F is in newton If the coefficient of friction between the block and the plank is
0.10 then find the velocity of 2 kg block at t = 10 s.
4.
The two blocks shown in figure are rough and coefficient of friction between
them is
= 0.4. The blocks are given velocities of 2m/s and 8 m/s in the
directions as in figure (g = 10 mIs2). Find:
5.
(a) The time when relative motion between them will stop.
(b) The common velocities of blocks upto that instant.
(c) Displacements of 1 kg and 2 kg blocks upto that instant.
A block of mass M is pulled by a uniform string of length I and
6.
7.
8.
Two blocks (2 kg and 1 kg) have rough surface and coefficient of friction
between them is
= 0.6 as shown in figure. The blocks are given
velocities in the directions as in figure (g=10m/s 2).Find:
9.
10.
Calculate the value of so as to keep the smooth wedge stationary. The string
is light and inextensible which is connected to the block m as in figure.
s
11.
k
=0.6and
=0.4as shown in figure A time varying force F=4t (F in newton
and tin second) is applied on the block. Find the relation between
acceleration of block and time (g = 10 mIs 2).
12.
13.
14.
15.
Two particles of masses in1 and in, are interconnected by a light inextensible
string as shown in the figures (i) and (ii). In figure
30, g 10 m / s 2 .
16.
A bar of mass M is connected with one end of an inextensible and light string
that passes through three movable pulleys A, B and C fixed with the bar and
four pulleys fixed with the other end of the string connects a hanging mass
m. Find the
(a) acceleration of the bodies,
(b) tension in the string.
17.
18.
19.
. If the string
block A such that block B remains stationary relative to the wall if coefficient
20.
22.
23.
24.
25.
In figure, find the mass M of the hanging block which will prevent the smaller
block from ping over the triangular block if m 1 = 1 kg and m2 = 4 kg. All the
surfaces are frictionless an( strings and the pulleys are light.
26.
27.
A balloon with sand weighs 1600 kg. Its lifting capacity is 1200 kg weight. It
is descending' uniform velocity. What weight of sand must be thrown away
out of the balloon so that it rises the same uniform velocity?
28.
Two persons of masses m1 and m2 are hanging by holding the inextensible
light string. Find
29. A force F = (10 t - t2)N acts on a body of mass 100 kg. How far will it
move, starting
from: before it starts to reverse its direction.
30.
A crate of mass m is placed on a open rear truck which moves with an
acceleration a. Find minimum value of the tension T required to slide the
crate on the open rear truck.
31.
a s g ).
force acting on the plate in horizontal (assume
(b)
(c) variation of velocity of the cube as the function of time.
32.
s
static and kinetic friction between all contact surfaces are
= 0.2 respectively, find the
(a) friction at each surface,
(b) acceleration of the blocks. Assume, m1 =M2 = m3 = 10 kg.
(c)
Answer Keys
1.(b)
2. (a)(c)
3. (b)
4.(a)(c)
SECTION B
32. (c)
63. (b)(d)
33. (c)
64. (b)
34. (c)
65. (a)(b)(c) (d)
35. (a)
66. (c)
k
= 0.3 and
5.(a)(b)
6.(a)
7. (b)(d)
8. (a)
9. (c)
10. (a)
11.(a)(b)(c)
12.(a)(b)(c)
13.(a)(d)
14. (c)
15. (d)
16. (a)
17.(d)
18.(a)
19.(c)
20.(a)
21.(c)
22.(b)
23.(a)
24.(c)
25. (b)
26. (c)
27. (b)
28. (b)(d)
29. (d)
30.(a)(b)(d)
31.(c)
C-1.
1.
C-2.
I.
C-3.
1.
C-4.
C-5.
1.
C-6.
C-7.
1.
C-8.
1.
(c)
37.
38.
39.
40.
36. (b)
67.(a)(b)(d)
(a)(d)
68. (a)(c)
(d)
69. (a)(b)(c)
(a)
70. (a)(b)(c)
(b)
71. (b)
41.(b)
72.(c)
42. (c)
73. (b)
43. (c)
74. (d)
44. (a)
75. (b)(c) (d)
45. (d)
76.(a)(b)(d)
46.(a)(b)(d) 77. (c)
47.(a)(c)(d) 78.(a)
48. (a)(b)(c)(d)
79. (d)
49. (a)(b(d) 80.(c)
50. (a)(b)(c)(d)
81.(b)
51.(a)(c)
82. (b)
52. (a)(b)(c) 83. (b)
53. (a)(c)
83. (b)
54. (b)(c)
84. (d)
55. (a)(b)
85. (b)(d)
56. (d)
86. (a)(c) (d)
57. (a)
87(a)
58.(d)
88.(c)
59.(b)
89. (b)
60. (c)
90.(c)
61.(c)
91.(b)
62. (d)
92.(d)
93.(b)
SECTION C
(d)
(d)
(d)
2.
2.
2.
(d)
(d)
2.
(c)
3.
(d)
3.
3.
(c)
2
c)
(b)
3.
.(d)
(c)
(b)
2.
(a)
3.
'(a)
(a)
(a)
(c)
(c)
(a)
(d)
3.
3
3.
(a)
(b)
(d)
4.
(b)
(a)
C-9.
1.
C10. 1.
C11. 1.
C-12. 1.
C-13. 1
C-14. 1
C-16. 1.
C-17. 1.
C-18. 1.
C-20. 1
C-21. 1
C-22. 1
C-25. 1
3. (a)
4. (a)
5. (a
6. (a)
2.
(C)
2.
(d)
2.
(b)
-(a)
3.
(d)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2.
(a)
2.
(a)
2.
(d)
2.
(d)
(b
2.
(d
2.
4(a)
2.
(b)
(c)
2.
(p) (q)
(p) (r) (s)
(b)
(p) (r)
(b)
(s)
(b)
(b)
(b)
3.
3.
(c)
(s)
(p) (s)
3.
(c)
(p) (s)
(c)
(r)
(c)
(d)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(b)
(a)
(c)
3.
(a)
(p) (r)
(b)
(a)
(d)
(b)
(b)
3.
(a)
(b)
3. -
(b)
.(d)
(c)
(a)
SECTION D
(p) (q) (s)
(b)
(a)
(b)
3.
(b)
(c)
3.
(a)
2.
(c)
(b)
2.
(b)
(c)
3.
(b)
(a)
(d)
3. -
(a)
3.
(c)
(b)
2.
(d)
2. (a)
(c)
C-26. 1.
1.(a)
C-23. 1.
C-24. 1
C-15. 1.
C-19. 1
3.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(p) (q)
(c)
(d)
(s)
(q) (s)
(c)
(d)
(p)
(r)
(d)
(q)
(d)
(q) (s)
(d)
(p) (s)
(q) (s)
(d)
(r)
(p)
(p) (r)
7. (a)
8. (a)
9. (a)
(s)
(b)
(r) (t)
(a)
(b)
(q)
(b)
3 g
25
(t)
(c)
(p)
(r)
(c)
(d)
(q)
(p)
(d)
(c)
(q)
(d)
(t)
SECTION E
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (c)
7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10.(c) 11. (d)
12. (a)
13. (d)
14. (c)15. (d)
16. (b)
17. (d)
18. (c)
19. (b)
20. (d)
21. (a)
22. (a)
23. (b)
24. (a)
25. (a)
SECTION F
1.
(r)
2 g
2.
3.
4.
(b)
down the plane
(c) zero
(a) 4.9N
(b) 24.5 N
(c) 0.2
v = 5.5 m/sec.
(a) 1 sec.
(b) 6 m/sec.
(c) 4 m, 7 m (Both towards left)
T [ M (l x]
F
M l
5.
a
6.
(a)
(b)
F
g
M m
m
F
T M x
l M m
m12 m22 g
7.
2 m, g 3 m1 g
8.
9.
7
s
6
(a)
(b)
4m/sec.
(c) 12.83 rn (towards left), 0.58 m (towards left)
N=m(g+a)
(q) (s)
10.
11.
mg sin
cos
t 4 for t 9sec
3
a 0 fort 9sec
FPseudo ma()
Fpseudo mg ()
12.
13.
2m2 m1
g
m1
Fig ( i )a1
m2 m3
gand same as for
m2
a2
14.
15.
16.
7m M g
M 49m
(a)
a1
17.
(a)
54 Mmg
7( M 49m)
(b)
2F
F
, a2
M
m
Mml
M 2m F
(b)
(c) N = 2F
18.
(a) T= mg sin
aM
(b)
N
(c)
mA
19.
mgsin cos
mgsin 2 cos
,
a
m
M m sin 2
M m sin 2
Mmgcos
M m sin 2
N'
(d)
( M m) m g
M m sin 2
M m
and 1
1
T
20.
Fm
( M m) cos
(a)
a
(b)
(c)
F
M m
Fm
tan
M m
Fm tan
Mg
M m
N m mg
N2m
m2 m3
m1 m2 m3
21.
22.
23.
0.196 rn/sec2
18.62 N
g (1 ) (mA mB mC ) g(1 )
,
( 1)
( 1)
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
31.(a)
6.83 kg
9
mg
25
800 kg
(a) fs1 = mg, fs2 = m2g
(b) T1 = (m1 + m2)g, T1 = m2g
14.06m
1
x1 v1t ( g)t 2
2
1
x2 v2t at 2
2
r
r
F mgi and F mai for a s g
32.
(b)
(a)f12=20N, f23 = 4 0N, f3G = 25 N
(b) a1 = 0.162 m/s2, a2 = 4.11 m/s2, a3 = 0
HINTS/SOLUTIONS 2.
SECTION B
(a). (C): F = 4m1 and F = 6m2
m1 3
m2 2
F1 F
m1 m2
4 6
12
F (m1 m2 )
5
12
2.4m / s 2
5
Now,
4.
(a), (C):
m1 m2 given
T2
g
m2
6
g 15m / s 2
4
6.
(a):10g-4g=4a
7.
F1 kv
r r
mdv
r
also( F1 F2 ) ma F1 kv
dt
F kv
a 1
decrease from its initial value to zero
m
dv
dt
Now
F1 kv
n
In( F1 kv ) 1
t c
k
m
In( F )
Q att 0, v 0
c
k
In( F1 kv ) t InF1
k
m
k
1
t
[ In( F1 kv) InF1 ]
k
m
1 F kv
t
i.e, In 1
k
F1
m
F1 kv
kt F1 kv
e kt
F
m
F
1
1
In
v
F1 kt
(te )
k
(a): 7g=N+Tcos450
N 70 30 2
andFs 30 2
1
30
2
1
30
2
F 2t 2
11.
dv
mdv
2t 2
dt
1 2
t3
t
dt
c
2
15
125 25
m/s
15
3
27
andvatt 3sec
1.8m / s
15
vatt 5sec
12.
(a),(b),(c): F=at-bt2
For F to be maximum
a 2bt 0i.e, t
Fatt a /2b
a
2b
aa
a2
a2
b 2
2b
4b
4b
Impulse
2 a /b
max
at 2 bt 3
Fdt
3 0
2
a
a
a
2
2
8b 24b 12b 2
14.
(c)
1 2
kx mgx
2
kx 2mg
kx Mg
From Eqs. (1) and (2),
2mg=Mg
m
18.
dF
0
dt
M
2
(a):F=(m1+m2)a
2a/b
F=R=m1a
and R'=m2a
m2 a m1 g
F
m1 gFromEq (1)
m
m
1
2
(m m2 ) m1 g
F 1
m2
m2
19.
(C): F=(m1+m2)a
also, m1a m2 g
From Eqs. (1) and (2),
F
m1 g
m1 m2
(m m2 ) g
F 1
m1
F
20.
(a):
k
i
x2
mdv k
dv dx k
2 m 2
dt
x
dt dt x
k dx
m( v)dx
x x2
x
v 2
k
dx
2
2 0 m x a x
integrating, we get
v 2 k 1
2 m x a
2k x a
v2
m ax
22.
2k x a
m ax
(b):F - 2t=ma
(m m2 ) g
F 2t
2t
2 1
(m1 m2 ) (m1 m2 )
(m1 m2 )
Integrating, we get v =
24.
Similarly, V=
(c) mg= T
T Mg sin 30
Mg
2
M
2
mg
29.
(d):
1
2m
1
m
t2 -2gt+c
t2 - gt + c
T= 2T
T = T
Mg
2
a g
2 3
3 2
g
2g
a
3
3
31.
+ a cos
1
l (acc n )t 2
2
2l
t
acc n
t
2l
g sin a cos
From (1)
34.
(c):
1 2
2d
at d t1
a gsin 45
2
a
2l
2 2d
0
g sin 45
g
(1 )
g
2
2d
t2
g
(1 )
2
2 2d
g (1 )
Given t2 = nt1
2d 2 2d
1
; g(1 ) g n 2 1 2
n
1
k 1 2
n
35.
(a): 2k = 2mg :. x =
Mg
k
mg=2ma
g
2
mg
T
2
x1 x12 h 2 y1
38.
(d):
dx
1
dx dy
2 x1 1 1 0
dt 2 x12 h 2
dt
dt
`
u2+-sin
u2+u1 =0
u2(1+sin
)=u1
40.
9
9
9 4
tan a
12
0
a
tan 37
a
(b):
Also N sin 370 = ma
10 12 5
200 N
3
41. (B)
2T cos F .........(1)
alsoT sin ma....(2) From(1)and (2)
F
F
ma
sin tan
2 cos
2
F
x
x
.
tan
2 a2 x2
a 2 x 2
F
x
a
2
2m
a x2
42.
Fsmax ma
M m
mg m
F ( M m) g
kt ( M m) g
t
43.
( M m) g
( M m) g
t
k
k
a
48.
(2)
F - 2Fk = 2ma
F 2 mg
F
g
2m
2m
T2 sin 2 mg
(1)
T2 sin 2 mg
2
tan
again,
T1 sin
1
T1 sin
=mg
From (1)
1
and
T1cos
= T2 COS
1
T1cos
tan 1
= 2mg
1
2
+mg
2
, =T sin
T2 2mgandT1 5mg
56.
i.e
(d):T= mg +ma
T1=m(10+1)=11m (a=1m/s2,010s)
T2 =m(10+0)=10m
(:a=0,10-20s)
T3 =m(10-2)=8m (a=-2,20-25s)
T1:T2:T3 =11:10:8
2t
2 2.5
0.1(att 2.5)
mg 5 100
57.
k
After 3 sec, F-
2 3 k .5 10
60.
N=ma
5 10
10
8
0.08
100
and ma +
mg =
64.
3F
3
2F
3mg
T = ma
Mg - T = Ma
mg = F
Mg
( M m)
Mg=(M+m)a
Mg
g
( M m)
T=ma=
T1
M
M
g
2 ( M m)
Now a2 =
M
m
T2
M M
g
2 m
1
1
:
M : ( M m)
( M m) M
65.
T1: T2=
(a), (b), (c), (d)
Fs
=N'sin
= Mg cos
x sin
mg
2
sin 2
2 900
0
45
Fs
at this angle
max
s
maximum
mg
2
66.
(C): F = -
mg
=> a = -
dv ug dt
g dt
v=
->area under
velocity after 4 s,
-t curve
0.4 1 0.6
0.7 1
2
10 6m / s 2
10 2 10
10 2
20.5
70.
72.
m1gsin30-TT-m2g=m2a
T =20 N
(c):
Fcos
F(cos
(mg-Fsin
sin
)=
)+umg
g(M+m)
g ( M m)
(cos cos )
For F to be minimum,
i.e., -sin
= tan
cos
i.e.,
=tan-1(
74. (d)
dF
0
d
=0
a0 = 2 m/s2
From figure, T -
81.
0.3
50 10 50 4 350 N
10
(b):
tan
mAg = mAa
Mgsin
mgcos
=30O
1
h=R-Rcos300=R
Vl1
82.
(b):
l1 l
l1 l2
F1
k
F1
k
F1 F2
k
1
3
F2l1 F1l2
F2 F1
Vl2
F2
k
l2 l
k
F2
k
F1 F2
l1 l2
F1 F2
k
Vl1 Vl2
Now, l3=l+ l1 +
l2
F2l1 F1l2 F1 F2
F2 F1
F1 F2
l1 l2
x(
1
( F2l1 F1l2 )
( F2 F1 )
(b):mg cos
Mg sin
tan
=N
=F
tan
x2=
2
x (1+
84.
2 2
r -
)=
x
R2 x2
so that
x2
2 2
r :. h=rx
(d): mgl(cos
V2 =2gl(1 cos
And T - mg =
)=
1
2
mv
l
T = mg+2mg(1cos
:.mg(1+2-2cos
mV2
0)=
x4mg
3 2 cos 0
l'
87.
(a):
T1
2 1
R
4
4 2
g
2
Now,
dT dmcos g
T Rg (sin )
Rg
Tthread
88.
R 2
/2
0
Rg (1 0)
2
R
g g2
1 2
g
2
Fs1
(C):
=0.5x2x10=10N
Fs2
=5N
Let acc of whole system be a
n
For C, then, ma =
For B, a =
5
4
m/s2
max
s1
+m a=5+3x
max
5
m / s2
4
max
s
5
4
=8.75m/s2
max
m'a F s
93.
max
5
4
95
4
=(2+3+4) =
=11.25N
(b): Tension at the ends of the chain
mg
sin
2
mg
mg
cot
2
2 tan
C
SECTION C
C-2
1.
(d): Fs1>Fs2
1
i.e.,
2
mg>
2mg
2
>2
1
2.
3.
(c):
>0
max
max
s1
(a):
=06x5x10=30N
s2
and
.'.
=0.2xl0x10=20N
max
=20N
C-3
By constraint equation,
aA + 2aB + 2ac =0
a+4a1 =0
2mg-2T=2ma
And 2T-mg=ma1
Mg=2ma+ ma1
a1
1.
2.
3.
C-5
g
9
(d)
(d):T=mgma=mgm
(a): mg
4
9
g=
5mg
9
s1
s3
s2
=45
=160
= 240
50 kg block will slip,
3
90a =80+250+200-450
3
-240
530 295 3
2
90
1.
120 3 10
2
3
=600
2.
3.
C-6
1.
2.
80 3 6
2
(c)
(a):F1 =(mA+mB)gsin300
=(40+15)(10)
1
2
=275N
3
= 400
550 275
5m / s 2
55
mB aH=
N=
mB(g+aV)
aH
5cos 300
3
0
g av 10 5sin 30
5
F F
a=
30
35
max
s
= 0.85 m/s2
250 40
10
a'A =
=21m/s2
and aB ==1.6m/s2
1. (C); 2. (d); 3. (a); 4. (b)
C-8
T=m1a1=1.3a1
(1)
And T
3
5
4
5
3
5
4
5
4
5
.(3)
25
5
3.
a1 =
=5 m/s2
a2 = 0
(d):ma1=125-50
a1 =
a2 =
C-10
75
5
=15m/s2 and
100 75 25
2.5m / s 2
10
10
M1=5kg
M2=4kg
M3=2.5kg
1.
2.
3.
=0.50
From figure,
(c)
(d): T+mgsin37
3
5
(b):T+30x -0.5x50x
T + 10= 5a1
a1
mgcos37=ma1
4
5
=5a1
T
2
5
(1)
again T-0.5x40=4a2 T-20=4a2
T-20=4a2
(2)
a1 a2
25-2T=2.5
50-4T=2.5(a1+a2)(3)
T 10
5
= a1 and
a1 a2
And
T 20
4
= a2
T 10 T 20
5
4
9T 40 100
20
a1 a2 9T 60
2
20 2
25-2T=2.5
9T 60
40
From(3)
T
1150=102.5T
a1
a2
11500
11
1025
21
4m / s 2
5
11 20 9
m / s2
4
4
C-11
(l-x) 2=y2+c2
dy
dx
2(l x ) 2 y.
dt
dt
dx
dt
y
dy
1 x dt
+2x
1
2
5
17
v=10
(2m)v2
x m x (0.6v)2
5
17
m/s and 0.6v=6
1
2
m/s
m1
sin
m2
And Tm2gsin
And m1gm2gsin
= (m1 + m2)a
m1
m2
1.
2.
3.
C-18
(a):
(a):
(c):
m2gcos
=m2a
m2gcos
m1
m2
m1 >If
> (sin
.m2>1=sin +
cos
cos
50-5=10a
a=4.5m/s2 down the inkling
T=5N, ap= 2 = 2.25 m/s2 towards right
1. (d); 2. (a); 3. (b)
C-19
Fsin
Fcos
mg
(sin cos )
= mg
-> F cos
F cos
(mg +F sin )
Fsin
mg
mg
cos sin
F=
mg sin
sin( )
1.
2.
angle of friction =
(b)
(a)
3.
(a) <a
C-20
From figure,
mg sin
a = g(sin
= g(sin
a=g sin
for v
max
mg cos
=ma
k cos )
sin x)
(lx)
=g sin
(I-x) dt
v dv gsin l x dx
2
v max
g sin
2
2
=>
=>
and for Xmax, v = 0
v max g sin
v2
2
=gsin x x+
x=2m
1
2
x2 x gsin
= 2mg sin
1. (b); 2. (b); 3. (a); 4. (b)
C-21
2F
5m
a2 =
(left) and T=
1. (b); 2. (b); 3. (a)
C-23
1. (d); 2.(c); 3.(d)
If elevator
2F
5
mam , Incline
= ma0 sin + mgsin
2l
g sin cos
Ttoreachthebotton
1
2
=
(g+a0) sin
ma2
2
xcos2
1/ 2
= gsin
(g + a0)
2l
( g a0 ) sin cos
T=
C-26
1. (a): F=m(g+a)
2. (d): Fa = (M + m) (g + a)
3. (C): Rr =(M+m)(ga)
SECTION D
5.(a)
();(d)
()
When F 0
Then T 0
Fn 4 N and Fs2 0
b When F
4N
T 0
Fs1 4 and Fs2 4
F 24 N
then, F T 8 2
16 T 2
.. T 14 N
T F Fs 2 N
d F 10 N
6. (a)
(s); (b)
(r); (c)
(q); (d)
T m1 a g m1a1
m2 a g T m2 a1
1
2
From 1 and 2 ,
m2 a g m1 a g m1 m2 a1
a1
(m 2 m1 )(a g)
(m1 m2 )
1 (m 2 m1 )(a g)
2
t
2
(m1 m2 )
a1 a
m 2 a m1 a gm 2 gm1 am1 m2 a
(m1 m2 )
m2 m1
g
m1 m2
8.
(a)
(c)
T mg ma
(p)
(p), (s)
And 4g-20=4a
a=
20
4
9. (a)
=5m/s2
(r); (b)
(t); (c)
1
36 10 42 6a
12 6a
: a = -2
R 42 17 25
SECTION E
1. (a): For forming an action reaction pair, cause and nature of force should be
same. both statements are correct and also statement (II) correct explanation for
statement (I).
a'
3 g 12 g 3 g
5
25 25
3g g 4
2g
g
5 4 5
5
3g 3g 4
g 0
5
4 5
(b)
(c)
3.
Fs max 2 10 0.1 2 N
0.5t 2
20
t
4
15
i.e., for 4 s, both will move together,
t
t2
a v
12
24
Now, vatt 4 s
16 2
m / s2
24 3
again after 4 s,
For 2 kg block
2a
0.5
t 2; t 4 s
102
v
10
10
dv 1
1
t 1 dv tdt dt
dt 4
4 t 4
v0
t 4
10
1 t 2
v v0 (t)10
4
4 2
2 1 42
v 6asv0 2 / 3
3 4 2
31
v 5m / s
6
4.
Fk 1 x 10 x 0.4 4 N
For 1 kg block , v 2 4t
Now for 2kg block , v 8 2t
2 4t 8 2t at this time relative motion stop
6t 6
vcm 8 2 6m / s
and displacement of 1 kg block
1
2t 4t 2
2
2 2 4m
displacement of 2 kg block = 8t t2 = 8-1
5. F=(M+m)a :. a=
(m= l)
F
M m
( =m/l)
F
M l
andT ( M m' )a m (l x)
( M l x )
6.
F
(M l )
F
x
F 1
(M l )
(M l )
F ( M m) g ( M m)a
F ( M m) g
a
( M m)
T ( M m' ) g ( M m' ) a
mx
F
M mx
T M
g
g
1 M m
1
F
mx
M mx
mx
g M M g
1 (M m)
1
l
F
M mx
1 (M m)
8.
For 2 kg block, V = 3 + 6t
and for1 kg block, v=18-12t
7
6
:.displacement of 2 kg block
= 3t +
1
2
x 6 x t2
(1)
(2)
7
6
49
36
7
12
=-3x
+3 x =
=
=0.58m (left)
and displacement of 1 kg block
= 18t-
1
2
x 12 x t2
77
6
49
36
=18x
-6 x
= 12.84 m(left)
13. Let the acceleration of 6 kg block w.r.to wedge be an horizontally leftward and
acceleration of 15 kg block be A down the incline.
then,
r
r
r
a m a mM a M
For 6 kg block,
M (a A cos ) 0
a Acos
(1)
Mg N ' MA cos
and
Now for 15 kg block,
(2)
(m M ) gsin cos
(M msin 2 )
a
(m M ) gsin
2110 1 1
2
cos (M msin ) (5 6) 13 2
4
70
6.36m / s
11
A
Now
14.
a6 kgw.r.t15kg
= 6 x 36 x
3
2
= 5.5 m/s2
(i ) F T2 T1 m2 a2
m2 a2 m3 g m2 g
a2
(m 2 m 3 ) g
m2
a1
(ii) T m 3g
=(M+l_x)x(Ml) =Fl_(Ml) 6. F(M+m)g=(M+m)a F
16.
am 7 am 0andMg T M 7a1
7T Mg Ma1
Mg
6 M
M
M
g 7 Ma1 a1
7
7
a
g (49m m) 1
7
7m M
g
49m M
a1
49m 7 m
g mg
49m M
a2 7 a1
56mMg
7 m M 49m M
49m M
7(49 m M)
Mg
F ma
17.
F
M
2 F Ma '
2F
a'
M
F 2F
1 2
Now, arel
F
m M
m M
1 1 2
(b) l F
t2
2 m M
2mMl
t
F (M 2 m)
(a) a
(c ) N 2 F
= ma
and mgcos
N = masin
mg cos
Ma
ma sin
sin
mg cos m sin
a
sin
Mmg cos 2
and ..N (byground )
Mg
M m sin 2
Mg ( m cos 2 M m sin 2 )
( M m sin 2 )
'
M (m M ) g
( M m sin 2 )
19.
Fsmax mg
0r ma mg
a
g
m' g M ' a Ma ma puta
'
M ( 1) (M m)
M '
M m
andalso 1
1
fs
24. Let m1 tends to slip towards righ, then
Force equation for m1 w.r.t. the wedge.
m1a+ m1gT=0
(1)
Force equation for m2 w.r.t. the wedge.
T=m2g
m2a
a min ( a )
m2 m1
1
g
g ( asm1 m2 )
m1 m2
1
similarly, a max
m2 m1
g
m1 m2
1
g (asm1 m2 )
1
(m m B m C ) g(1 )
and ..F min A
( 1)
(2)
25.
From Figure,
m m2
5
5
M 1
6.84kg
1.73 1 0.73
3
mg (1 tan 300 )
26.
4 g 3 3 4
5
5
5
40 g 3g 12 18
and Frictional force
3
3g 4
F mg m
5
10 5
9
3 6
mg
mg
25
5 25
9
0.75
20
30.
T(cos sin ) mg ma
T
m( g )
cos sin
maximum value of
(cos sin is 1 2
T min
m g a
1 2
.
31.
r
a1 g i
r
v 2 (v 2 at ) i
fk
Then
will cease to exist. If
velocity.
When
. Hence,
r r
g
v1 v 2 , t
( t 0 ).
a
a s g
,after the time to the bodies move with same
1
(a ) x1 v1t ( g) t 2 , x2 v2t a s g ( g)at 2
2
ur
(b) F k mg i ( k ) tillt t 0
ur
and F ma i ( fora s g)
32.
r
v 1 (v g ) i .
s 0.3
k 0.2
m1 m2 a 82 0.2
a
42
20
20 10
a 2.1m / s 2
a1
4.12m / s 2
10
10
a3 0
also, Fs1,2 20 N
andF3, ground 25 N
Fs2,3 40 N