APPENDIX A Foldables (Zike, 2005, 13-48)

o Vocabulary Book: Fold a piece of paper in half vertically and cut flaps in one
side of the paper, as pictured. The paper can then be used in a variety of ways.
Students can put a word or picture or both on the front flap. Once they lift up the
flap, they can put a definition of the word to help them remember what it means.
Another option would be having students put a picture on the front flap and then
write the word under the flap. They could do this with spelling words so that they
can practice spelling the words on their own. Another option would be putting a
word family chunk on the front flap and then listing words in that family
underneath the flap.
o Three Tab Book: Fold a piece of paper in half horizontally. Then fold it into
thirds and cut along the folds so that you have three evenly sized flaps that lift up.
This foldable is perfect for topics that involve 3 main points, such as the states of
matter (solid, liquid, gas). It also could be used to compare two topics; one flap
could be points that are unique to one topic, the other flap could be points that are
unique to the other topic, and the middle flap could be points that both topics have
in common. It could also be used for sequencing things, one flap could be what
happened first, the second flap could be what happened in the middle, and the
last flap could be what happened at the end. It could also be used as a KWL
chart. KWL stands for Know, Want to know, and Learned. These charts are
great to make before starting a unit so students can think about what they already
know about the topic, accessing their prior knowledge. They can write or draw
this prior knowledge in the first flap, or the Know column. They can then draw
or write what they want to know about the topic in the second flap, the Want to
know column. Lastly, after the lesson is over they can write or draw what they
have learned in the last flap, or Learned column. This is a great way to preview
and review a lesson. KWL charts can also be done as a class on the board. An
example KWL chart about plants is pictured.
o Mini Book: This foldable is a great way to review a topic and can also be a great
way to learn new words, letters, and sounds. To create it, fold a piece of paper in
half horizontally as pictured in step 2 in the picture below. Then fold the paper in
half again, bringing the left side over to the right side and creasing it, as seen in
step 3 of the picture below. This creates a 4-page book. To add more pages,
simply cut the top of the pages apart where they are creased. If you do this, you
will want to add glue to the middle crease of the book to keep all the pages
attached. Once you finish cutting and gluing, you will have 8 pages instead of 4.
You can use this book to learn words that all start with the same letter, as
pictured. Simply write (the letter) is for on the first page, and then write a
word and draw a picture that starts with that letter on each of the following pages.
o Students can also use the book for word families and write the word family chunk
on the front page and then write and draw words in the word family on the rest of
the pages. The book can also be used for vowels, consonants, or blends. For
example, students could write vowels on the front cover and write A, E, I, O,
U. They could then have a page for each vowel, writing example words for the

long and short vowel sounds of each letter so they can remember the sound and
then draw a picture for each word so they dont forget what the word is. Example
words include: A: age (long), apple (short), E: eel (long), edge (short), I: I (long),
itch (short), O: oh (long), octopus (short), U: unicorn (long), umbrella (short).
When reading this book, its important for students to say the letter name on the
page first, the sound the letter makes next, and then say the word that they drew
with the letter sound. This repetition of saying the letter, sound, and word will
help students build the instant letter to sound association we want them to
develop. These books are a great way to build letter/sound associations for
consonants and blends as well.
o Shutter Foldable: To make this foldable, make sure the paper is positioned
horizontally. Then take each end of the paper and fold it into the middle of the
paper until the two ends meet. Crease the paper so that you have two flaps, as
pictured on the right. You can keep the paper like this, or to make four flaps, you
can cut each flap horizontally in the middle up to the crease. This foldable can be
used to learn about any topic that has 4 main points, such as cycles (butterfly life
cycle: egg, larva, pupae, adult or water cycle: evaporation, condensation,
precipitation, collection), or the four directions (north, east, south, west). It can
also be used to review a topic and answer the 4 Ws - who, what, when, where.
It could be used to compare 4 related topics with each topic having its own flap.
It could also be used for word families with the chunk on the flap and the words
in the family under the flap. It could be used for math problems too. The math
problem could be written on the flap and the answer could be under the flap. An
example is pictured.
o Top Tab Book: This book is nice because you can write on the tabs along the top
to remember what is on each page. It requires 5 half sheets of paper to make.
Staple or glue all the half sheets together along the right side. Now the tabs need
to be cut. Start with the second to last page and cut a rectangle out of the top left
corner. The rectangle should be about 3 centimeters down and 5 centimeters
across (see picture for approximate sixe). Then cut the top left corner out of the
third to last piece of paper, cutting 3 centimeters down, but 10 centimeters across.
Do the same for the fourth to last piece of paper, but cut about 15 centimeters
across. For the top piece of paper cut the whole top of the paper off, 3
centimeters down, so you can see the tabs you just created. Estimating the
distance you cut for the tabs is fine, as long as they are all about the same size.
This book can be used for sequencing events, showing math strategies, explaining
a topic that has 4 main points, and learning vocabulary and letters. One example
could be putting a letter on each tab and then filling the page with words and
pictures that start with that letter.
o Layered Look Book: This foldable book can be used for vocabulary, math,
learning strategies and more. This book requires 3 pieces of paper. Simply stack
all 3 sheets on top of each other, but place each consecutive sheet about 3
centimeters higher than the sheet in front of it. Then fold the top of the papers

down and align the edges so that all of the layers, or tabs, are the same distance
apart, as pictured. When all the tabs are an equal distance apart, fold the papers
completely and crease well. Lift each flap and line the crease with glue so that all
the layers stick together. One example pictured shows multiplication strategies,
but this book can also be used for addition strategies. One flap can be the
problem written out as a union (8 U 2 = 10), one flap can be a picture
representation of the problem, one flap can be the problem written out in tally
marks, and another flap can be the actual addition problem (8 + 2 =10). All these
different representations will show students the same problem; just different ways
in which they can view it to help them better understand addition. This foldable
can also be used for word families, with a different word chunk written on each
flap and then the words in that family written underneath the flap. Its also a great
way to learn vocabulary. A word can be written on each flap and then a picture of
it and the definition can be written underneath the flap.
o Pyramid Foldable: To make this foldable, cut a sheet of paper into a square, fold
it in half diagonally, open it, and then fold it in half diagonally the other way.
Open the paper again. It should have crease lines in an X shape. Next cut
along one of the creases to the center point. Then pull the two pieces that you cut
apart on top of each other, as pictured below, to form a pop up triangle. You can
draw or write math facts, spelling words, word families, life cycles, comparisons,
or other review topics that have three main points on the sides of the pyramid and
then set it on the table for a fun way to learn.
o The teacher can also string a couple of these pyramid foldables together by
poking a hole in the top of the pyramid and tying a knot in the string to make it
stay in place. Word family pyramids in the same family can be strung on one
string and then the word family pyramid chains can be hung around the room.
The pyramid chains can also be used to show the sequence of various topics, such
as geography. For example, a small triangle can be made at the bottom of the
string for the village of Winneba, a slightly bigger triangle can be put above
Winneba and labeled Ghana, then a bigger triangle can be put above that and
labeled Africa, and an even bigger triangle above that can be labeled the world.
This pyramid chain will help illustrate to students where their village is in the
world.
APPENDIX B Vowel Sorts (Super Teacher Worksheets, 2016)
The vowel sorts are provided by Super Teacher Worksheets at a small fee, thus I
cant legally post them. Essentially each vowel sort comes with around 25 30 cards
with images of words that contain either the long vowel sound or the short vowel sound.
Students are requested to then sort the cards accordingly.

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