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1. INTRODUCTION
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The signal from the body is being amplified (the signals from
the body are small and weak, ranging from 0.5 mV to 5.0
mV), filtered (to remove the noise), sampled (by sampling I
mean it goes to an Analog to Digital converter aka ADC) and
then sent to your computer through RS232 (wireless or any
other way but RS232 was chosen because it is the simplest
and fastest to make). The first two steps are shown in Figure.
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R4 =
15 k
( 21 )
R4 =15 k
2
k
R1=
2
6.2831 x 103 2
R1=225
We assumed
R1=
C1 =10uf R3=15 k
R2=
2
mk
R2=
2
6.2831 x 103 2 1.5
Calculus:
K=2 F C 1
K=2 100 10 uF
R2=150
K=6.2831 x 103
C2 =mC 1
= 2
C2 =1.5 10uF
H=2
C2 =15uf
2
m=
(
+ H1 )
4
2
m= + ( 21 )
4
m=1.5
R4 =
R3
( H 1 )
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R2=
We assumed:
C1 =10uf R3=18 k
R2=45017
Calculus:
C2 =C1=10 uf
K=2 F C 1
K=2 0.5 10 uF
4
1
2+ 2 3.1415 105
K=3.1415 105
= 2
H=2
R4 =
R3
( H 1 )
Fig. 9 notch filter design
18 k
R4 =
( 21 )
f 0=
R4 =18 k
R 1=
2
k
1
=60 hz
2 R1 C1
R1=R2 =15 k
+ 2 +( H 1)
R 1=
4k
2+ 2 +(21)
R3=7.5 k
C2 =C1=10 uf
R 1=
4 3.1415 105
C3 =20 uf
R1=225085
R 2=
4
+ +(H 1)
2
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2R
A v =(1+
)
Rgain
wout2
Vin1
C3
R1
28k
2R
Rgain
U?:A
8
28k
3
C4
U1:A(V-)
100nF
A v 1=
220nF
R2
LM358
Rgain=
2R
A v 1
R=10 k
Rgain=
2 10 k
1001
R4(2)
C1
100nF
R4
2500K
C2
U?:A
100nF
5
Rgain=202.02
LM358
R5
4000K
R31
51
U1
R17
7
1
ecg
22k
R21
3
6
2
4
8
5
22k
AD620
While in the high pass filter we must allow the passage of the
cut frequencies without attenuation in this case a frequency
of 0.5 Hz.
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R11
11k
C8
122nF
122nF
U2:A
C5
U2:A(OP)
3
1
R10
R9
22k
22k
LM358
R6
C6
242nF
1k
R3
13k
U1:A(V+)
U1(+VS)
R31
wout2
Vin1
U1
3
28k
R4(2)
C1
R4
2500K
100nF
C2
R11
U?:A
100nF
220nF
11k
5
7
22k
4
8
5
R2
U?:A
28k
LM358
3
1
C4
100nF
R5
122nF
122nF
R10
R9
22k
22k
U2:A
3
4000K
4
U1:A(V-)
C8
AD620
C5
LM358
R21
U2:A(OP)
1
2
4
22k
C3
R1
7
1
R17
51
ecg
LM358
R6
C6
242nF
1k
R3
13k
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8. CONCLUSIONS
7. DISCUSSION
This project was developed by basing on all the different
stages of a commercial electrocardiograph do the objective
was to demonstrate how this biomedical instrument works.
Once the designs were physically implemented there was
some aspects which are important to comment about.
The filters quality was the best possible but since it is a noncommercial design, they were not that exact so these could be
one of the facts that could create mistakes on the final signal.
The other important point is that the electrodes acquired were
the most common ones so the signal probably could be
clearer if the electrodes were of more quality.
9.
REFERENCES
http://www.radiolocman.com/shem/schematics.html?
di=47010
There are others facts to discuss about but the two just
explained were the most relevant.
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