Running head: USE OF A VIRTUAL LIBRARY

Assignment Two: How to make use of a virtual library

Bessa Sewero
Athabasca University
**Not red on title page

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Dear Bessa. Outside of some spelling, written so nicely. Concision of article could be
enhanced.
Examples of citations suggesting scholarship:
As all three articles that I found for the topic of professional role transition would be
rated as level 2 under the acceptable evidence for scholarly writing based on the scholarly
evidence illustration provided in unit five of the NURS 250 Study Guide (Athabasca University,
2014).
Another example:
All but one of the authors of this article has their RN designation, with either a Masters of
Arts (MA) or Ph.D, with the last author being a research assistant (Procter et al., 2011). The
evidence for this article was collected by doing research to gather articles related to their topic
and synthesizing all of the information that they gathered (Procter et al., 2011). As some of the
authors of this article work in the mental health field, such as a professor of mental health
nursing, a nursing director of the mental health division, and a project nurse of mental health, I
would say that they have the necessary prior experience on the topic to be considered experts in
the evidence field (Procter et al., 2011).
Marking Criteria Assignment 2

Process outlined clearly with all required elements present

(7.5/10 marks)

The level of scholarly evidence is explained accurately and clearly. The peer reviewed
journal and intended audience is identified. The authors credentials are outlined along
with an explanation of their experience or expertise in the field.
6/10 marks) align name article and authors

The summary is clearly written, well organized and grammatically correct. The summary
captures the main elements and themes of the articles reviewed.
(28/30 marks) or

All references are cited using APA format in accordance with the current edition
(20/25 marks)

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Reference list uses APA format in accordance with the current edition
(21/25 marks)

7.5.+6+28+20+21=82.5/100 or 16.6 /20 or 83%

I encourage you to highlight and summarize the readings to support your statements, i.e.
especially scholarship. For the most part, you defined concepts fully (see my comments).
Good critical thinking and analysis
Credentials? Good
Ethics?
Types of publications in past? Yes

FYI: Books published by University Presses fall into this category, as do articles published in
peer-reviewed journalsjournals where the editors send pieces out to be read by experts in the
field before deciding to publish them. The Yale library subscribes to several databases that
specialize in scholarly sources (such as Academic Search Premier). Newspapers are not as easy
to classify as other sources. Newspapers are not scholarly sources, but some would not properly
be termed popular, either. Every source must be questioned for its stake in the material. The New
York Post is notoriously inflammatory, for instance, and also seems to love television shows
broadcast on the Fox network (owned by the same company).

Cheers, Yvonne

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Article One
A search of electronic databases was conducted using the Cumulative Index to Nursing
and Allied and Health Literature (CINAHL) and MEDLINE on AU library. The search terms that
were most effective included: professional role transition, role transition, transition, and work
role transition.
The journal is evidence based because it appeared on NURSING FORUM which is an
independent voice for nursing and has more than 35 references in support of the topic. The target
audience of the journal are Register Nurses transitioning to Nurse Practitioners role. The author
Hilary Barnes is a Family Nurse Practitioner and a PHD candidate which makes her an expert in
the field.
In the article Nurse Practitioner Role Transition: A Concept Analysis by Hilary Barnes
explores a nurse practitioner (NP) role transition using Walker and Avants method of concept
analysis (Barnes, 2015, p., 137). The steps the author used in her analysis included: identifying
the concept of interest, determining the purpose of the analysis, identifying uses of the concept,
determining the defining attributes, identifying the antecedents and consequences, identifying a
model case along with borderline and contrary cases, and discussing the empirical referents. On
this analysis, nurse practitioners (NPs) are defined as transitioned registered nurses with
advanced education and clinical training, who are licensed to provide patient care (Barnes,
2015). The NP role transitioning is also defined as a process consisting of multiple mixed
emotions and as a period of great personal development and learning as the NP will be
autonomous when caring for their patients. Furthermore, the transition was expressed as a
challenging process because it is usually affected by personal and environmental

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antecedents/conditions, which can lead to a successful or unsuccessful role transition. Generally,

according to the authors analysis there are four attributes of nursing practitioners transition
(Barnes, 2015). The first attribute to the role of NP is absorption of the role which is achieved
when the clinician moves from the RN role into the NP role. This stage is a time of high personal
development and role learning. The second defining attribute is the shift from being
a provider of care to a prescriber of care. Based on the analysis, this is a stage in which the
clinicians independency and responsibility increases tremendously toward the patients health
care. The third attribute to NP role transition is Straddling two identities; a stage in which the
new-to-practice NP is no longer performing in the role of the RN, but is also not a physician.
This stage is a defining moment for the NP because of the two role identities. The final defining
attribute of NP role transition is mixed emotions which includes anxiety and excitement at the
same time. Based on the analysis this attribute is one of the primary characteristics of role
transition identified in the nursing literature as well as in the specific research (Barnes, 2015). In
conclusion, the author highlights the importance of moving through the role transition process as
quickly and positively as possible as this (eases)smooths the challenges. As an LPN transition to
BN program I found this topic very helpful as it provides the information in-depth and
analytically. I will advice anyone in the transitioning process to read it.
Article Two
A search of electronic databases was conducted using the Cumulative Index to Nursing
and Allied and Health Literature (CINAHL) and MEDLINE on AU library. The search terms that
were most effective included: novice to expert, role transition, professional role transition, and
work role transition.

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This article is scholarly evidence based because it is the original work of the author and it
is peer review by Unsolicited contribution and accepted for publication April 2016 (so you are
saying its peer-rewiewed, according to.). The target audience of the journal are surgical care
practitioners. The author Julie Quick is a Senior Lecturer in School of Allied and Public Health
Professions at Birmingham City University. She is an expert on the field as she is a co-lead for
the Advancing Surgical Roles Specialist Interest Group (AfPP) and she worked in this field for
almost 11 years.
The article From novice to expert: a surgical care practitioners reflection on their role
development is written by Julie Quick to answer the question; about which procedures
a surgical care practitioner (SCP) can be trained to undertake and how the SCP role can be
developed fully within the remit of the surgical team() (Quick, 2016, p. 226). The author
answers this question by using Benners adaptation of the Dreyfus expertise acquisition model
and by reflecting on her own role transition experience. The model was used because it describes
the transition that nurses and all healthcare professionals make as their role transits from novice
to expert practitioners (Quick, 2016). In the process the author uses her own experience to
reflected upon the five levels of Benners transition which are; novice, advanced beginner,
competent, proficient and expert. The model suggests that novices learn by following rules in
early practice and as a novice provider the writer learned to follow the National Surgical Care
Provider curriculum to guide her in acquiring the core knowledge and clinical skills required to
perform her role safely and effectively. According to the Quick (2016), Developing her own
portfolio of cases she could assist for and perform by learning the specialist knowledge required
of a vascular and general surgical care provider helped her to move into the advanced beginner
stage. The third stage of transition was achieved after she completed a national surgical care

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provider(SCP) training program which helped her to plan and priorities care without cues. The
author states that as a proficient surgical care provider, her challenges were leaving the operating
room to explore areas in which the role could develop. However, she over came the challenges
by clear communication strategies. As an expert provider, her portfolio developed to include
several procedures she could perform under indirect supervision. Thus, this helped her to support
and assist surgical trainees in the acquisition of basic surgical skills and to perform the operation
under the direction of their supervising surgeon. The author concludes by highlighting the
importance of prior and new learning experiences to develop within the role. I believe the author
answered the question asked completely and I will advice anyone in any profession to use this
topic as they progress in their role.
Article Three
A search of electronic databases was conducted using the Cumulative Index to Nursing
and Allied and Health Literature (CINAHL) on AU library. The search terms that were most
effective included: alternative pathways, nursing shortage, role transition, transition experience,
work role transition, and professional role transition.
This review is evidenced based because it provides a framework (, according to ....) that
supports pre-registration nursing students with previous professional nursing qualifications as
they transition into nursing degree programs. The journal is accepted for publication: on
November 26, 2014. The targets audiences are all pre-registration nursing students who are
transitioning to a nursing degree program and for Nursing Institutions. The authors, Marion
Tower, Marie Cooke, Bernadette Watson, Nick Buys, and Keithia Wilson are all experts in their
field with PHD and have direct contact with nursing students at university level whether as a
director or lecturer.

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The journal Exploring the transion experiences of students entering into preregistration
nursing degree programs with previous professional nursing qualification is written to review
the transition experiences of students entering nursing degrees with previous professional
nursing qualification and highlights several challenges at professional and personal levels
(Tower, Cooke, Watson, Buys, & Keithia, 2015, p., 1174). In the review the authors used an
integrative review framework guided by the work of Whittemore and Knafl as this framework
has the potential to identify complex concepts and allows for the inclusion of quantitative,
qualitative and theoretical evidence. In addition, the five-stage approach which includes;
problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis, and presentation of
results were used to conduct the review. Furthermore, constant comparative analysis was used to
identify commonalities, differences and themes in the relevant literature. In the process the
authors noted the struggle of the students with academic and institutional challenges, becoming
learners, managing conflicting demands of outside life, developing a student identity and
experienced threat to their sense of professional identity as they transition (Tower, Cooke,
Watson, Buys, & Keithia, 2015). When a source has six, et al. for first use. When a source has
two, always use both. When a source that has three, four, or five authors is cited, all authors are
included the first time the source is cited. When that source is cited again, the first author's
surname and "et al." are used. Consider the following example: Reviews of research on religion
and health have concluded that at least some types of religious behaviors are related to higher
levels of physical and mental health (Payne, Bergin, Bielema, & Jenkins, 1991). Payne et al.
(1991) showed that ... These challenges exist when pressure experienced in one role becomes
incompatible with pressure that arises from another role. With this the authors noted that students
who transition with previous professional qualifications require high levels of support and

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intervention to succeed as role pressure is higher in this group. Additionally, the authors
suggested that supportive activities that extend and further develop students personality
orientations is a useful starting point in addressing some of the challenges. This on the other
hand, will help to provide a more positive transition to university and to ensure sustainability of
the future workforce (Tower, Cooke, Watson, Buys, & Keithia, 2015). I believe the review was
done in depth and found it to be very helpful for all nursing students like me who are in the
transition process into the nursing degree program and for all nursing institutions.
Summary

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References
Barnes, H. (2015, July-September). Nurse Practitioner Role Transition: A Concept Analysis.
NURSING FORUM (AN INDEPENDENT VOICE FOR NURSING), 50(3), 137-146.
Quick, J. (2016). From novice to expert: a surgical care practitioner's reflection on thier role
development. CLINICAL FEATURE, 26(10), 225-228.
Tower, M., Cooke, M., Watson, B., Buys, N., & Keithia, W. (2015). Exploring the transion
experiences of students entering into preregistration nursing degree programs with
previous professional nursing qualification: an integrative review. Journal of Clinical
Nursing , 11741188. doi
Nursing Forum (An Independent Voice For Nursing), 50

The biggest change in the new APA guidelines (have been present in the electronic rules
since 2007) involves citing online periodicals in the reference section. New guidelines have
added the digital objective identifier (DOI) to the citation.
A DOI is a unique string of numbers assigned by a registration agency (the International
DOI Foundation) to online periodicals to identify their content and provide a consistent link to
their location on the Internet (refer to sections 6.31 and 6.32, pp. 187-192; and section 7.01, pp.
198-205, APA, 2010). New format states
when DOI is present, no longer have to include URL
when DOI is not present, include URL
When DOI Is Present
General format:
Author, A. A. (date). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume(number), page numbers.
doi: xx.xxxxxxx

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Example:
Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the
survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. doi:
10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225
When DOI Is Not Present
General format:
Author, A. A. (date of publication). Title of article Title of Journal, volume(number),
page numbers. Retrieved from URL
Example:
Sillick, T. J., & Schutte, N. S. (2006). Emotional intelligence and self-esteem mediate
between perceived early parental love and adult happiness. Applied Psychology,
2(2), 38-48. Retrieved from http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejap
Other Changes for Online Periodicals on Reference Page:
* no longer include retrieval date unless source information may change over time
*no longer include databases used such as EBSCO or ProQuest
Resources:
American Psychological Association (2010). Publication manual of the American
Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.