ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY

LABORATORY
EXPERIMENT 3: -Y CONNECTION
OBJECTIVES:
After this lesson, you will be able:
1). To study the voltage and current ratios of -Y connection
.
2). To learn about transformer exciting currents, voltampere capacity and short-circuit
currents.
3). To study the relations between line to line parameters and phase parameters.

KEYWORDS:
-connection, Y-connection, voltage ratios, current ratios, voltampere capacity and shortcircuit currents.

Experiment 3: -Y Connection
1

1.0) OVERVIEW:
Electric power is generated, transmitted, and distributed in the form of 3-phase power.
Homes and small establishments are wired for single-phase power, but this merely
represents a tap-off from the basic 3-phase system. Knowledge of 3-phase power and 3phase circuits is, therefore, essential to an understanding of power technology.
Fortunately, the basic circuit techniques used to solve single-phase circuit can be directly
applied to 3-phase circuits. Furthermore, we will see that most 3-phase circuits can be
reduced to elementary single-phase diagrams.

1.1) INTRODUCTION:
Generally, in electric power systems the loads are distributed as evenly as is practical
between the phases. It is usual practice to discuss a balanced system first and then
describe the effects of unbalanced systems as deviations from the elementary case.
Since we have shown that the neutral current is zero we can see that removing the neutral
core will have no effect on the circuit, provided the system is balanced. In reality such
connections are generally used only when the load on the three phases is part of the same
piece of equipment (for example a three-phase motor), as otherwise switching loads and
slight imbalances would cause large voltage fluctuations.
Practical systems rarely have perfectly balanced loads, currents, voltages or impedances
in all three phases. The analysis of unbalanced cases is greatly simplified by the use of
the techniques of symmetrical components. An unbalanced system is analyzed as the
superposition of three balanced systems, each with the positive, negative or zero
sequence of balanced voltages

Experiment 3: -Y Connection
2

Section: ______________

Group: __________

Date:_______________

Name : _____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
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1.2) INSTRUMENTS AND COMPONENTS

Single-Phase Transformer
Three Phase Transformer
AC Ammeter
AC Voltmeter
AC Power Supply
Connection Leads
Multimeter

1.3) SAFETY PROCEDURES

Warnings: High voltages are present in this Laboratory Experiment! Do not make
any connections with the power on! The power should be turned off after
completing each individual measurement!

2.0) EXPERIMENT 1
2.1) STAR CONNECTION WITH RESISTOR WITHOUT
NEUTRAL CONDUCTOR.
2.2) Measure the current and the voltage in a balanced star connection with resistors and
without neutral conductor connected.

2.3) PROCEDURE
1)

Establish the connection according to the current diagram.

Experiment 3: -Y Connection
3

4)

Measure the conductor currents, the phase voltages and the phase currents one
after the other. Enter the values on the chart.

V LL

IL

VP

IP

P P =V P x I P

P tot = P P x 3

L1 L2

L1

L2 L3

L2

L3 L1

L3

Average
3)

Calculate the individual phase powers PP and the total power Ptot for the resistors
in star connection. Enter the values on the chart

4)

Modify the circuit according to the current diagram.

Experiment 3: -Y Connection
4

5)

Measure the conductor currents, the phase voltages and the phase currents one
after the other. Enter the values on the chart.

V LL

IL

VP

IP

P P =V P x I P

P tot = P P x 3

L1 L2

L1

L2 L3

L2

L3 L1

L3

Average

6)

Measure the voltage between the star point St and the neutral conductor. Enter the
values on the chart.

7)

Calculate the individual phase powers PP and the total power Ptot for the resistors
in star connection. Enter the values on the chart.

Experiment 3: -Y Connection
5

8)

Give the ratio of the line-voltage value and the phase-voltage value in a balanced
star connection with resistors and without neutral conductor connected
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

9)

Compare the phase-current value with the line-current value of a balanced star
connection without neutral conductor connected.
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__________________________________________________________________

3.0) EXPERIMENT 2
3.1) DELTA CONNECTION OF RESISTOR
3.2) Measure the current and the voltage in a balanced and in unbalanced delta
connection with resistors.

3.3) PROCEDURE
1)

Establish the connection according to the current diagram.

Experiment 3: -Y Connection
6

2)

Measure the conductor currents, the phase voltages and the phase currents one
after the other. Enter the values on the chart.

V LL

IL

VP

IP

P P =V P x I P

Ptot= PPL1+ PPL2 + PPL3

L1 L2

L1

L2 L3

L2

L3 L1

L3

Average

3)

Calculate the individual phase powers PP and the total power Ptot for the balanced
delta connection of resistors. Enter the values on the chart

4)

Modify the circuit according to the current diagram.

5)

Measure the conductor currents, the phase voltages and the phase currents one
after the other. Enter the values on the chart.

Experiment 3: -Y Connection
7

V LL

IL

VP

IP

P P =V P x I P

Ptot= PPL1+ PPL2 + PPL3

L1 L2

L1

L2 L3

L2

L3 L1

L3

Average

6)

Calculate the individual phase powers PP and the total power Ptot of the
connection. Enter the values on the chart.

7)

Give the ratio of the line-current value and the phase-current value in a balanced
delta connection with resistor.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

8)

Compare the line-voltage value to the phase-voltage value in a balanced delta

connection with resistors.

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

Experiment 3: -Y Connection
8

4.0) TUTORIALS
1. A balanced three phase load with 223 per phase in delta connection is
connected to a 230 V () three phase transformer, what is the phase current that
flows through each load.

2. A balanced three phase load with 450 per phase in wye connection is connected
to a 415 V (Y) secondary winding transformer, VL. What is the voltage across
each load?

Experiment 3: -Y Connection
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