90

- - - - _ ..._---~

Saving money in the wrong place can

make you richer - in experience!

No chain is stronger than its weakest

link

The high-quality design and construction

work that goes into every BMW, and the
resulting performance and efficiency, are
not offered for their own sakes. They are a
basic requirement for total mobility on the
modern overall transport scene. BMW
Service plays the important role of maintainingthe high quality of the product after
sale. This is a sensible concept which
prolongs and therefore further justifies the
technological effort, the designer's work
and the craftsmanship BMW have devoted to the manufacture of your car.

By means of continuous tests on actual

vehicles and a thorough program of simulation research, BMW critically examines
every proposed improvement to its vehicles with a view to ensuring that the multistage BMW safety system can accomodate the proposed modification, and also
to study the interaction of many hundreds
of seemingly unimportant design details
in the chain of performance and behavior.

The decision to purchase a high-class

automibile is a vote in favor of your own
safety and that of other road users too.
Protect this investment by regular and
careful inspection and maintenance, performed by the people who know your
BMW best; the skilled and carefully trained personnel at your BMW service station. Their work not only guarantees the
safety of your BMW but enhances the
already outstanding durability and lasting
value of the BMW so that it can 'eventually
be sold for a worthwhile sum.

Genuine BMW parts are not automatically ,

rendered more valuable just by bearing
the BMW symbol. Instead, it is what this
symbol stands for that constitutes their
real worth: the ability to pass rigorous and
systematic quality assurance tests so that
in an emergency each part plays its role in,
the 'chain of safety' along with all the
other design features of the car. Every part
in a BMW has to make its own contribution to the performance of the complete
vehicle. Viewed in this way, no difference
in price can possibly make up for the lack
ofthe 'Genuine BMW Part' symbol and for
failure to benefit from the organization
that can install these parts incomparably
well; the BMW Service Organization.
To sum up: unbeatable offers are a dime a
dozen. For the responsible BMW owner,
loyalty to BMW Parts and Service can pay
off - possibly sooner than he thinks!

BMW Automobiles
Supreme automobile engineering for drivers prepared to add their own skill and
enlightened approach to those of our
designers.

Oil change

91

Description of maintenance operations

Engine oil changes

The engrne oil must be changed together
with the oil filter every 7 500 km (5000
miles) or at least twice a year before and
aher the cold season.
Use only good quality HD oil for gasoline
engines of API class SE or API class SF.
Before using any unconventional engine
oils (synthetic oils etc.). consult your
BMW service station to ensure that the oil
selected has been approved by the factory.
The choice of SAE grade depends on the
prevailing ambient air temperature range.
The diagram on the right shows which
SAE grades should be used for different
temperature ranges.

The maximum and minimum temperature

limits for the SAE grades may be exceeded for short periods of operation.
Changing engine oil:
Remove drain plug (17 mm wrench) on
bottom right of the sump. Replace and
tighten securely aher draining old oil.
Total oil capacities
BMW 316, 318 i: 3.75 liters (4.0 US
quarts, 6.6 Imp. pints) plus 0.2 5 liter (0.26
US quart, 0.45 Imp. pint) if filter is also
changed.
BMW 320, 323 i: 4.0 liter (4.1 US quarts,
7.0 Imp. pints) plus 0.25 liter (0.26 US
quart, 0.45 Imp. pint) if filter is also
changed.
Oil level: Fill to the upper mark on the
dipstick, never higher.

120

'00
30

20

......./ltl----'O

-10

!""-

-20

--40 - - - - - - " " " " ' ' ' '

E 1278

92

Oil (.hange, checking oil level in automatic transmission

Oil filter
Renew throw-away cartridge filter every
7 SOD km (S 000 miles) when the engine
oil is changed:
Unscrew filter.
Lightly oil the seal of the new filter
element. Then screw in the element until
the seal makes contact and tighten by
hand half a turn,
Check the filter for leaks with the engine
running.

Change the oil in the manual gearbox

only while at normal operating temperature, after 1000 km (600 miles). then every
30000 km (20000 miles).

Oil level: up to lower edge of filler hole

Oil grade: Branded SAE 80 gearbox oil to
MIL-L-21 05 or API-GL 4 specification. In
an emergency, HD engine oil.

Remove oil drain plug (17 mm Allen key),

then oil filler plug 17 mm Allen key) on the
side of the gearbox housing, This will help
the oil to drain more rapidly,

To check oil level in the automatic

transmission:
Park the car on a flat, level surface, apply
the handbrake and run the engine at
normal operating temperature with the
selector lever in the 'P' or 'N' position at
iding speed.
Remove the transmission oil dipstick,
wipe with a non-fluffy cloth, re-insert and
measure oil level. This must lie between
the two marks on the dipstick,
Change the oil in the automatic transmission only when at normal operating
temperature, every 30000 km (20 000
miles):

When fully drained, replace the drain plug

(screw in firmly). Both plugs have conical
threads and must not be replaced with
plugs having metric threads.
Total oil capacity:
4-speed box: 1.0 liter (1.1 US quarts, 1.8 !
Imp. pints)
S-speed box: 1.5 liters (1 ,6 US quarts, 2,7
Imp. pints).

Oil change, half-shafts, checkin-g oil level

Place the car on a flat, level surface and

apply the handbrake. Engage selector
. lever position 'P' and stop the engine.
Unscrew the oil drain plug (5 mm Allen
key) on the oil sump of the automatic
transmission, allow the oil to drain (at
least approx. 5 minutes will be needed),
then tighten the drain plug again firmly.
Add 1.5 liter (1.6 US quart, 2.6 Imp. pint)
of oil initially; run the engine at idle speed
and continue to add oil up to the upper
third of the space between the dipstick
marks.
Oil capacity app. 2.0 liters (2.1 US quarts,
3.5 Imp. pints) when changing the oil.
Total content when initially filling new or
exchange transmissions: 2.2 liters (2.3 US
quarts, 3.9 Imp. pints).

Always ensure that the transmission is at

its normal operating temperature when
checking oil level.
The quantity of oil represented by the
space between the two marks (when
warm) is approx. 0.4 liter (0.4 US quart,
0.7 Imp. pint).
Oil grades: see SPECIFICATIONS.
Change the oil in the final drive (rear
axle) when" at normal operating temperature, at 1 000 km (600 miles), then every
30000 km (20000 miles).
Remove the oil drain plug, followed by the
oil filler plug (both 10 mm Allen screws) in
the final drive cover so that the oil drains
out more quickly. Clean the drain plug and
tighten firmly.
Total oil capacity: 0.95 liters (1 US quart,
1.7 Imp. pints) .

93

Oil level: up to lower edge of filler hole.

Check every 15000 km (10000 miles).
Oil grade: brand-name running-in and
normal duty hypoid gear oil, SAE 90 (your
BMW service station knows the factoryapproved grades).
Check the flexible gaiters on the halfshafts for leaks and the tightness of the
retaining screws during a BMW inspection, every 15000 km (10000 miles).
The rack and pinion steering gear is
permanently packed with grease and requires no routine maintenance. Check that
the flexible gaiter is not leaking.
Check oil level in hydraulic power steeril'lg (optional extra) whenever engine oil is
checked or routine maintenance work
carried out.

94

Checking~I~~I.d~rib~~b:r:a:k:e~f:lu:i:d

With the engine stopped, unscrew the

wingnut and take off the reservoir cover.
The oil level should be app. 5 mm (0.2 inl
above the mark on the side of the reservoir. Top up if necessary (for oil grades,
see 'SPECIFICATIONS'). Next, start the
engine and add more oil if required until
the level stabilizes at the mark on the
reservoir wall.
Aher the engine has been stopped, fluid
level may rise by approx. 5 mm (0.2 in)
above the level mark. Install the cover and
tighten the wing nut. Make sure that the
cover is properly seated and that there are
no leaks from the power steering circuit.
All other work, including filter renewal and
checking operation, should always be
entrusted to a BMW service station

The distributor of the contactless transistorized coil ignition system needs no

routin~ maintenance.
Warning transistorized coil ignition:
This is a high-performance ignition system, and touching any live components
when the engine is running can be highly
dangerous.

The transparent reservoir for brake fluid

(and for the hydraulic clutch withdrawal
mechanism) is inside the engine compartment on the left, and enables the fluid
level to be checked without removing the
cap.
If the fluid level should fall below a certain
level, an electric warning device in the
reservoir will cause the red brake warning lamp in the instrument cluster to
light up.
Brake fluid is hygroscopic, that is to say it
absorbs moisture from the air gradually
over a period. In order to ensure that the
safety and efficiency of your brakes remain unaffected, the brake fluid must be
renewed once a year by an authorized
BMW service station .

Clutch, interchanging wheels

Add fluid up to the upper 'MAX' mark.

Your BMW service station is familiar with
the factory-approved grades of brake
fluid.
The clutch ne&ds no routine maintenance and is adjusted automatically for lining
wear by the slave cylinder.
During a BMW Inspection, clutch driving
plate wear should be checked without
removing the clutch from the car, every
30000 km (20000 milesl.
As the clutch lining wears, distance 'a' will
increase. When 'a' = 5mm (0.2 in). the
wear limit has been reached.
The clutch driving plate must then be
renewed by a BMW service station.

Loss of fluid from the hydraulic clutch

operating system and the penetration of
air into the circuit can lead to incomplete
clutch release and result in damage to the
gearbox.
The circuit must be checked for leaks and
bled in good time at the bleed screw
provided.
If, as a means of prolonging tire life, you
wish to have the wheels changed round,
please bear the following in mind:
Due to the design principles of the front
and rear axles and taking into accou nt
load and operating conditions, the front
tires reach their wear limit first on the
shoulders and the rear tires in the center
of the tread. The higher the stresses (load,
acceleration, lateral forces) are the more
wear will take place.

95

Changing the wheels from front to rear on

the same side can in certain conditions
have only a negligible effect on the service
life whereas the handling and braking as
well as the roadholding may be adversely
affected.
If so desired the spare wheel can also be
put into use. In this case one must
remember that this wheel. possibly new,
must be run in and will at first not have the
same degree of adhesion. Changing the
wheels round must be done on the same
side and at short intervals (max. 5 000 km
(app. 3000 miles).
During the following period a difference in
rOjidholding and straight running (possibly
brake pulling to one side, smaller contact
surface of rear wheels on the road) must
be allowed for.
.
In the interests of your safety and optimum running gear conditions we recommend that the wheels are not changed
round, because the increase in service life
is negligible. With non-standard wheels
and tires the wheels should definitely not
be changed round .

96

Balancing wheels, battery, cooling system

The four road wheels may be balanced

statically and dynamically - on the car if
possible- at the customer's request every
7 500 km (5 000 miles).
If a routine examination of the tires for
wear reveals signs of damage, penetration
by sharp objects etc., or severely uneven
wear, we recommend that wheel alignment be checked without delay with the
car loaded as specified.
Every 7 500 km (5 000 miles), but at least
once a month, the electrolyte level in the
battery should be checked. Take off the
cover and unscrew the 6 cell plugs. The
electrolyte level should be about 5 mm
(0.2 in) above the upper edges of the cell
plates or at the mark visible in the cell filler
aperture, depending on battery type.

--

round) and the condItion of hoses and

hose clips, we recommend that the cooling system be drained and refilled every
two years. At the same time, check that
the filler cap seals properly and that the
pressure relief and vacuum equalizing
valves are in good working order.

If the level is too low, add distilled water,

never acid.
Keep the upper part of the battery clean
and dry.
Warning: Never allow battery acid or lead
oxide deposits from the terminals to come
into contact with the clothing. Do not
bring a naked light close to the battery risk of explosion.
To remove or install the battery, slacken
or tighten the toggle screw with retaining
bar.

The cooling system including heater

circuit holds approx. 7.2 liters (7.6 US
~uarts, 12.1 Imp. pints) on the BMW 316,
318i and approx. 12 liters (12.7 US
quarts, 21.1 Imp. pints) on the BMW 320
, and 323 i.

Apart from regular checks on coolant

level, antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor
concentration (at least 35% all the year

To drain the coolant:

Loosen the hose clip on the lower radiator
stub pipe and pull off the hose.

Warning: risk of scalding if the engine is

still warm.

\-oollng sYSlem

Remove the hexagon bolt (19 mm

wrench) at the right-hand rear end of the
.engine block.
The left sliding heater control on the facia
must be set to 'WARM'.
Use only BMW-approved long life antifreeze and corrosion inhibitors (your
BMW service station can advise you).

Refilling the cooling system after draining:

Run the engine at approx. 20002500/min until warm, then switch off.

Slide the left heater control to 'WAR M'

and slowly add long-life antifreeze and
corrosion inhibitor mixed with water in a
concentration of 35%. This will provide
protection against freezing at temperatures down to -25 0 C (-13 0 F).

After about 1 minute, restart the engine

and run at no less than 4000/min for 30
seconds. Next, allow the engine to idle and
check that the heater is delivering warm
air.

On the BMW 320 and 323 i the coolin~

system must be bled during filling. Slacken the grub screw in the thermostat
housing and add coolant via the header
tank until it emerges free from air bubbles
at the bleed slot. Then retighten the grub
screw.
Seal the cooling system by screwing on
the filler cap as far as the second stop.

';j I

Allow the engine to cool down until the

coolant thermometer needle is in the
lower third of the scale. Add coolant until
not more than 2 cm ('a') below the top of
the filler pipe, then seal again by screwing
on the cap.
Adding more water will dilute the concentration of the antifreeze and corrosion
in'hibitor in the system, as liquid will be lost
via the overflow.

98

Windshield and headlight cleaning system, air cleaner

The windshield and headlight washer

systems can be prevented from freezing
by adding antifreeze to German Industrial
Standard DIN 51421 in accordance with
the manufacturer's instructions.
Check correct operation of the system at
regular intervals.

The air cleaner element in the intake air

silencer should be renewed every 15000
km (10 000 miles) duringa BMW inspection, or earlier in very dusty conditions-.
A clogged air filter element increases fuel
consumption and prevents full engine
power from being developed

BMW 316, 320

.Release the snap fasteners, take off the
cover and remove the element.

BMW 318 i, 323 i

Release the snap fasteners, swing the
cover open and pullout the air cleaner
element.

ruel

BMW'316,320
The mesh filter in the fuel pump should
be cleaned every 30000 km (20 000
miles) during a BMW Inspection: unscrew
fastening bolt.

Fuel filters
Every 30000 km (20000 miles), the
mesh strainers in the fuel circuit should be
cleaned and the main fue.l filter element
renewed.

Remove the mesh filter and wash out in

clean fuel. When replacing, use only good
sealing rings.

On the BMW 318 i and 323 i renew main

filter every 15000 km (10000 miles).
Mesh strainer in fuel feed to carburetor
(BMW 320)
Detach the fuel pipe from the carburetor,
take out the mesh strainer and wash in
clean fuel.
Main fuel filter (BMW 318 i, 323 i)
1. Loosen the hose clips on the fuel hoses
and on the filter.
2. Pull off the hoses and renew the
complete filter.

111lt::::1~,

lutn

~lIdlfltHS

::J::J

Warning: Note the correct direction of

flow through the filter (shown on label)
when installing.
Fine-mesh filter in the fuel tank immersed level sensor (intake unit):
1. Take out rear seat bench and remove
cover.
2. Detach the feed and return hose clips
liInd pull the hoses away from the fuel
intake unit.
3. Turn the intake unit anticlockwise with
suitable levers (e.g. screwdrivers) to
release the bayonet catch, then lift out.
4. Clean the fine-mesh filter.
Note: Always use a new sealing ring when
refitting. Avoid damage to the fine-mesh
filter.

IUU

,::)lJdlK.

IJIUHtt,

UW~II dljYIt:~, 1\J'illlUII lllllll.~, 1.'(HI1UCI

Check spark plug electrode gaps:

Before new spark plugs are fitted, their

gaps should always be checked with a
feeler gauge, and the earth (ground) electrode bent if necessary to achieve the
prescribed gap 'a' of 0.6 + 0.1 mm
(0.024 + 0.004 in).
Renew spark plugs every 15 000 km
(10000 miles) during a BMW inspection.
Details of the correct spark plugs are given
on the final page of this handbook.

CUV

,::nUU';'

Check dwell angle and Ignition timing

every 15000 km (10000 miles) during a
BMW Inspection with the BMW Service
Test unit or Digitial Tester:
Dwell angle
BMW316-323i

21-25at
900/min.

Ignition timing
Check dynamically without vacuum advance: BMW 316
25 BTDC at 2500/min
BMW 318 i
28 BTDC at 3500/min
BMW 320,323i ,
22 BTDC at 1 500/min
Dwell angle and ignition timing must
always be checked and adjusted by a
BMW service station with the aid of the
BMW Service Test unit or Digital Tester.
Warning: Transistorized coil ignition
This is a high-performance ignition system, and it can be highly dangerous to
touch any live components when the
engine is running.

E217598

If specified by the factory, the cylinder

head studs should be tightened in the
sequence shown and to the prescribed
torque loads during the first BMW Inspection at 1 000 km (600 miles)
4-cylinder engines
A
B = 6-cylinder engines

}-III creaiH,',

Detaching the air cleaner (BMW 316)

Remove retaining nut from air cleaner
cover, open the snap fasteners and take
off the cover. Unscrew the air cleaner
retaining nut, pull off the vacuum hose for
intake air preheating and the secondary
breather hose. Take off the air cleaner.

Detaching the air cleaner (BMW 320)

Unscrew the nut holding the air cleaner.
Pull off the hoses for intake air preheat (1),
primary (2) and secondary (3) breathing.
Take off the air cleaner.

Valve clearances

IU I

Check valve clearances and adjust if

necessary during a BMW Inspection every 15000 km (10000 miles) with the
engine stopped and cold - coolant temperature not more than 35 C (95 F) - or
in accordance with workshop instructions.
The prescribed valve clearances of 0.1 5 0.20 mm (0.006 - 0.008 in) for the
BMW 316 and 318 i, or 0.25 mm (0.01
in) for the BMW 320 and 323 i for both
inlet and exhaust valves should be adjust~d with a feeler gauge between the
valve and the rocker, in an order corresponding to the engine's firing order:

BMW 316, 318 i:

BMW 320, 323 i:

1-3-4-2
1-5-3-6-2-4

Check or adjust at top dead center on the

compression stroke .

'I UL

Vaive Clearances, air cleaner, mtaKe air prenedlltllJ

BMW 316, 318 i

TOC on the compression stroke is obtained when the valves in the next-but-one
cylinder in the firing order are on the
overlap:
Compression
stroke TOC
in cyl.

Valve
overlap
in cyl.

4
2
1
3

3
4
2

Compression
stroke TOC
in cyl.

Valve
overlap
in cyl.

3
6
2
4

4
1
5
3

To adjust valve clearances, loosen the hex

nut (10 mm wrench) on the rocker.
Turn the eccentric with a slightly angled.
section of 2.5 mm (0.1 inch) dia. wire until
the corect clearance is obtained.
Tighten the hex nut and check that valve
clearance has not altered.
Caution: Turn BMW 320, 323 i at the
camshaft only after having removed the
spark plugs.

Attaching the air cleaner (BMW 316)

Connect up secondary breather hose and
vacuum hose for intake air preheating,
place air cleaner on top of carburetor and
secure in position. Fit the air cleaner
element. Secure cover with snap fasteners and retaining nut.

BMW 320, 323 i

Top dead center on the compression
stroke is reached when the valves of the
sym metrically opposite cylinder on the
other side of a line through the center of
the engine are on the overlap:

Attaching the air cleaner (BMW 320)

. Connect the secondary engine breather
(3) and mount the air cleaner on top of the
carburetor. Connect the primary breather
(2) and intake air preheat hose (1 ). Secure
the air cleaner body with the cap nut.
The flap valve for automatic intake air
preheating on the BMW 316 and 320 is
located in the intake pipe of the air cleaner
and is opened or closed by vacuum (BMW
316) or an expansible element (BMW
320). Every 15000 km (10 000 miles)
during a BMW Inspection the flap valve
should be checked for free movement and
correct operation. and the pivots oiled if
necessary. When the flap valve is closed,
air preheated by the exhaust manifold is
supplied to the engine. As outside temperatures rise, the flap valve gradually opens
and cuts off the preheated air supply:

.... ,

..... , " " " ' ' ' : : ;

.... "

.....

".dfv1r".II\::::t

...

IU.,)

. _ - - -----.. _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - = - - - - - - = - - - - . - - -

Check V-belt tension during a BMW

Inspection every 15000 km (10000
miles). The V-belt is correctly tensioned
when it can be pressed in by 5 - 10 mm
(0.2 - 0.4 in) with the thumb midway
between the pulley and the alternator.
Correcting V-belt tension
Loosen the two retaining bolts (13 mm
wrench) at the top and bottom of the
alternator, and move the alternator along
Its tensioning strap to correct V-belt tension.

Renewing V-belt
Slacken the top and bottom alternator
retaining bolts (13 mm wrench) and move
the .alternator as close as possible to the
engine block. Place the new V-belt over
the crankshaft vibration damper, the fan
pulley and the alternator belt pulley, and
adjust to correct tension.

Adjusting the brakes (BMW 316, 318 i.

320):
Adjust the brakes during a BMW Inspection every 15 000 km (10 000 miles). The
disc brakes on the front wheels have
automatic compensation for wear.
Two eccentric adjusters (17 mm) are fitted on each brake shield of the rear wheel
brakes. and must be turned to adjust each
of the brake shoes as desired.
When viewed from above, the left-hand
eccentric hexagon must be turned counterclockwise and the right-hand eccentric
hexagon clockwise - while the wheel is
being turned forcibly - until the brake shoe
locks the brake drum. Then turn the
hexagon back about 1/8th turn until the
wheel just begins to turn without binding.

Note: when adjusting the brake shoes the

handbrake must be released.

Adjusting the handbrake (BMW 323 i):

If the handbrake lever can be pulled up by
4 notches on its ratchet Without any
braking effect resulting, it must be adjusted.

If the brake pedal becomes springy and

has excessive travel, the brake system
must be bled (see 'DRIVING HINTS,
MINOR DEFECTS').

Normally speaking, handbrake adjustment should always be carried out by a

BMW service station. In an emergency,
,however, proceed as follows:

Adjusting handbrake (BMW 316,318 i,

320):
If the handbrake can be pulled up 4
notches without any braking effect being
perceptible, the handbrake must be adjusted.
The handbrake should normally only be
adjusted by a BMW Service Station. In
exceptional cases, however, proceed as
follows:
.
Adjusting handbrake (only after adjusting
the brake shoes):
Push back rubber sleeve protecting the
handbrake lever, slacken the locknut (10
mm) on each adjusting screw, pull the
handbrake up 4 notches, tighten the
adjusting nut (10 mm) while holding the
adjusting screw with pliers to prevent it
from turning and check that the rear
wheels can still be turned easily by hand.
Then check that the rear wheels rotate
freely with the handbrake fully released.

Slacken and remove one wheel stud at

each rear wheel. Jack up the car. Turn the
wheel stud hole until it is 10 clockwise of
vertical at each side. In this position the
adjusting nut will be visible through the
wheel stud hole.

Insert 'a screwdriver and engage in the

teeth of the adjusting nut.
Turn the adjusting nut with the screwdriver until the handbrake shoes are pressed
against the drums and the brake discs
cannot be turned. Then back off each
adjusting nut by 4 - 6 teeth or serrations.
Screwdriver moved down '" hand brake
applied.
Screwdriver moved up", handbrake released
Repeat the procedure on the other rear
wheel.

After this, the handbrake cables must be

adjusted. Pull up the rubber gaiter on the
handbrake. Slacken the locknut (10m m
wrench) on each adjusting screw, apply
the handbrake lever by 4 notches of its
ratchet and take up the slack at the
adjusting nut (10 mm wrench), holding
the screw with pliers to prevent it from
turning. Check that both rear wheels can
just be turned by hand but are not unduly
stiff. Tighten the locknuts again.
Finally, check that the rear wheels turn
perfectly freely when the handbrake lever
is released.

106

Carburetor

BMW 316

Zenith 2 B 4 two-stage downdraft

carburetor
1
2
3
4
5
6

Heat-sensitive air slide

Throughflow valve
Pulldown
Fuel feed
Idle speed shutoff
Heat-sensitive bypass starting system

~ 2180110

7 Automatic choke
8 Air bypass screw
9
10
11
12

Throttle butterfly positioner

Throttle valve adjusting screw
Stage 2 vacuum diaphragm
Idling mixture control screw

The Zenith 2 B 4 caburetor has a combined automatic choke system with electric
and coolant heating of the bimetallic
spring. It is maintenance-free.

12

1
E2180111

L.arourelOr

BMW 320
So/ex 4A 1 duplex tv/in-choke carburetor
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Ca rbu retor cover

Throttle butterfly
Choke butterfly
Heat-sensitive bypass starting
system
Fuel feed
Damper valve
Ca rbu retor body
Pulldown
Automatic choke mechanism
Accelerator pump lever

11
12
13
14
15
16

Idle speed shutoff valve

Throttle stop screw
Throttle butterfly damper
Stage 1 throttle lever
Stage 2 throttle lever
Throttle butterfly section

Adjustment work on carburetor or fuel

injection system

The Solex 4A 1 carburetor is a duplex

twin-choke instrument with 2 first-stage
barrelsof 32 mm (1.26 in) diameter and 2
second-stage barrels of 44 mm (1.73 in)
diameter. It is equipped with cold starting
and warm-up systems using a combined
automatic choke (electrically and coolant
heated), a thermostatically controlled bypass starting system and a vacuum speed
r!lgulator. Both carburetor and automatic
choke need no routine maintenance.

12

lUI

13

All equipment is adjusted on the test

bench to meet the exhaust emission
standard imposed by the Type II ECE R 15
test or other relevant standards, and lead
seals attached to prevent unauthorized
tampering with the settings thus obtained.
Any adjustment work which is subsequently necessary is to be carried out only
by a BMW service station, which possesSfls all the essential measuring apparatus,
the latest factory adjustment data and
servicing instructions.

108

Air conditioning

Maintenance of air
conditioning
Every 15000 km (10 000 miles). check
compressor V-belt tension. The V-belt is
correctly tensioned when it can be pressed up by 12- 15 mm (0.5 - 0.6 in) with
the finger at a point midway between the
compressor and crankshaft pulleys.
Adjusting V-belt tension
Loosen the three mounting bolts (17 mm
wrench) and move the compressor bodily
along the upper tensioning strap until Vbelt tension is correct.
Take up slack at compressor mounting
bolts every 15 000 km (10 000 miles).

Checking oil level

Safety precautions

Whenever working on a drained air conditioning refrigeration system, check the oil
level. When the compressor is full it is
pressurized and the level cannot then be
checked.
Use only suitable oils designed for refrigerating equipment, e.g.
Suniso 5
BP Energol LPT 100
Shell Clavus 129
Texaco Capella E.
Note in particular that all maintenance
and repair work must be carried out only
by suitable workshops.
You will find the addresses of the BMW
service stations dealing with air conditioning at the end of your 'BMW SERVICE.
EUROPE' list.

The air conditioning cooling circuit must

be filled only with a safe refrigerant
(Frigen 12). Although this substance is
non-toxic and non-flammable at normal
temperatures, and does not form an explosive mixture with air in any concentration, certain safety precautions are none
the less essential. Note in particular the
'following points:

11

Avoid touching the liquid refrigerant, or

frostbite symptoms will develop. Protect the eyes in particular by wearing
goggles. If an accident occurs, obtain
medical attention without delay.
Frigen is heavier than air, and so should
not be drained off in an enclosed space.
There is a risk of suffocation, particularly
in inspection pits.
Never perform any welding work on a
charged air conditioning system or close
to it, or pressure may build up on
account of the heat thus developed and
lead to an explosion (the same precaution applies to any sealed vessel). Furthermore. Frigen decomposes at high
temperature or when exposed to a flame, and the chemicals then produced
constitute a health risk.

11 Z

Specifications

Specifications
Engine - BMW 320
ENGINE
Type

4-cylinder (BMW 316, 3'8 i) or 6-cylinder (BMW 320, 323 i) four stroke inline
water-cooled, with overhead camshaft
(OHCl. inclined valves and combustion
chambers adapted to suit mixture supply
system.
Position

Over front axle, inclined at 30 0 to vertical,

(20 0 on BMW 320, 323 i) with threepoint location: front mounting close to
center of gravity, with two rubber mountings attached direct to the front axle
beam. Rear of engine flange mounted to
gearbox, with single rubber mounting on
gearbox cross-member.

Cylinder block
Special grey cast-iron.

Cylinder head
Light alloy, with shrunk-in valve seats and
guides.

Crankshaft

Forged, heat-treated steel (cast on BMW

320, 323 i); 4 counterweights, 5 threelayer main bearings (BMW 316, 318 j) or
12 counterweights and 7 three-layer
main bearings. All main bearings with 2 oil
supply dnllways.

E 21 77 201

Connecting rods and pistons

Forged steel connecting rods with replaceable three-component bearings. Pistons with raised flat crown and chromium
plated spheroida'l cast-iron uppper rings.

Engine - BMW 323i

Valves
Overhead; inclined in inverted V arrangement. Exhaust valve armored, with stem
hard chromium plated. Valve clearance
adjustment by means of eccentrics in
rockers.
Valve gear
Light alloy rockers with chill-cast pads and
overhead camshaft. Camshah drive by
roller chain with automatic oil-damped
tensioner and recoil protection (toothed
belt with tensioning pulley on BMW 320.
323 D.
Valve clearances
BMW 316, 318 i
Inlet and exhaust: 0.15 - 0.20 mm
(0.006 - 0.008 in).
BMW 320, 323 i
Inlet and exhaust: 0.25 mm (0.010 in)
with engine stationary and cold (max.
coolant temperature 35 0 C (95 0 F).

Lubrication
Pressurized oil circuit with full-flow filter
and pressure regulating valve in filtered oil
circuit. Rotor-type oil pump (Eaton system) chain-driven from crankshah or
gear-type pump driven by worm from an
intermediate shah via an extension of the
distributor shaft (BMW 320, 323 i).
f!lressed steel oil sump.

E 21 77 202

1 14. ::>pecltlcatlolls

Oil consumption

BMW 318 i. 323 i

max. 0.1 5 liter per 100 km

(app. 220-250 miles per pint)

Electrical fuel delivery pump with expansion vessel. Delivery rate 120 liters (26.4
Imp., 31.6 US gal/h).

Oil filter
Full-flow, with throw-away cartridge type
filter and pressure relief valve opening at
2.5 0.3 bar (35.6 4.2 Ib/in 2 ).
Engine breathing
Crankcase and valve chest connected,
and ducted to intake side of engine.
Air cleaner
One filter element in the intake air silencer.
Intake airflow
BMW 316. 320
Through flap for automatic intake air preheat opened and closed by vacuum (BMW
316) or expanding element.
BMW 318 i. 323 i
Through intake air silencer. air flow meter.
throttle butterfly manifolds, air collector
and six intake air pipes with injectors.
Fuel supply
BMW 316. 320
Mechanical fuel pump. pressure 0.22 bar
(3.13 Ib/in 2 ) at 4000/min.

System pressure 4.7 bar (66.8 Ib/in 2 )

Fuel filters
BMW 316. 320
Fine-mesh filters in both fuel pump and
pick-up tube in tank; on BMW 320, also in
feed line to carburetor.
BMW 318 i. 323 i
Full-flow filter with throw-away cartridge
type filter in feed line. One fine-mesh filter
in the tank pick-up unit.
,

~lJt:::a. . 'II\.....dllUII:;'

BMW 316

BMW 318 i

Displacement, fiscal
effective

1754 cm 3 (107.0 in 3 )
1766 cm 3 (108.8 in 3 )

1754 cm 3 (107.0 in 3 )
1766 cm 3 (1088 in 3 )

Maximum output (DIN 70020)

at engine speed

66 kW (90 bhp)
5500/min

77 kW (105 bhp)
5800/min

Max. torque
at engine speed

140 Nm (103.2 Ib.fl)

4000/min

145 Nm (106.8 Ib.fl)

4500/min

Output per liter

37.4 kW
(51.0 bhp)

43.6 kW
(59.5 bhp)

Max. permissible engine speed

6400/min

6400/min

Max. continuous engine speed

6000/min

6000/min

Compression ratio

9.5

10

Stroke/bore (ratio)

71/89 mm

71/89 mm

Mean piston speed

at engine speed

13.7 m/s (2697 fl/min)

5800/min

13.7 m/s (2697 fl/min)

5800/min

kg/kW'
(bhp/ton)
kg/kW'
(bhp/ton)

kg/kW'
(bhp/ton)
kg/kW'
(bhp/ton)

6.8 liters/1 00 km'

(34.5 US mile/gal)
(41.4 Imp. mile/gal)
9.3 Iiters/1 00 km'
(25.3 US mile/gal)
(30.3 Imp. mile/gal)
11.0 liters/1 00 km'
(21.3 US mile/gal)
(25.6 Imp. mile/gal)

7.1 liters/100 km'

(33.1 US mile/gal)
(39.7 Imp. mile/gal)
9.1 liters/100 km'
(25.8 US mile/gal)
(31.0 Imp. mile/gal)
10.4 liters/100 km'
(22.6 US mile/gal)
(27.1 Imp. mile/gal)

Power/weight ratio
Car ready for road, with full tank
All seats occupied, with luggage
Fuel consumption
at 90 km/h (56 mile/h)
Fuel consumption
at 120 km/h (75 mile/h)
Fuel consumption
during town driving
Not available at time of going to press

.f

110

I I0

~l-JtH.,IIICdllUllb

BMW 320

BMW 323 i

Displacement, fiscal
effective

1977 cm 3 (120.6 in 3)
1990 cm 3 (121.4 ,"3)

2291 cm 3 (139.8 in 3 )
2315 cm 3 (141.3 in 3 )

Maximum output (DIN 70020)

at engine speed

90 kW (122 bhp)
6000/min

105 kW (143 bhp)

5800/min

Max. torque
at engine speed

160 Nm (117.9 Ib.tt)

4000/min

190 Nm (140.1 Ib.ft)

4500/min

Output per liter

45.2 kW
(61.5 bhp)

45.4 kW
(61.7 bhp)

Max. permissible engine speed

6400/min

6400/min

Max. continuous engine speed

6000/min

6000/min

Compression ratio

9.2

9.5

Stroke/bore (ratio)

66/80 mm

76.8/80 mm

Mean piston speed

at engine speed

13.2 m/s (2598 ft/min)

6000/min

15.4 m/s (3031 ft/min)

5800/min)

12.4 kg/kW
(9.1 kg/HPJ
17.2 kg/kW
(12.7 kg/HPJ

10.8 kg/kW
(7.9 kg/HPJ
14.9 kg/kW
(11.0 kg/HPJ

7.5 liters/l00 km
(31.4 US mile/gal)
(37.7 Imp. mile/gal)
10.1 liters/l00 km
(23.3 US mile/gal)
(28.0 Imp. mile/gal)
13.0 liters/l 00 km
(18.1 US mile/gal)
(21.7 imp. mile/gal)

7.8 liters/l00 km
(30.2 US mile/gal)
(36.1 Imp. mile/gal)
10.2 Iiters/ 100 km
(23.0 US mile/gal)
(27.6 Imp. mile/gal)
12.9 liters/l00 km
(18.2 US mile/gal)
(21.8 Imp. mile/gal)

Power/weight ratio
Car ready for road, with full tank
All seats occupied, with luggage

Fuel consumption
at 90 km/h (56 mile/h)
Fuel consumption
at 120 km/h (75 mile/h)
Fuel consumption
in town driving

.f

::'peCl1lcatlons

117

Engine output and torque

HP

kW

HP
170

170

120

120

150

.e-'"
0'"

110

80

!
I

70

i
50

30

40

20

I
I

I. ~

"
I

1000

I
I

~f'

'

I'"

!,

II

II
, VI

,]~

"

I II
-'

I
I

~.

.v

.... .....
i....o""

2000

'

3000

I
I

100...1

"'-

5000

6000

.e-'"

'"

'0,

'0,

UJ

UJ

80

70
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11

190
180
170
160
150
140
130
120
110

50

30

40

,,
,

i .'i

{/

1000

'"
P"
B

",.. ~ ~

Ql

l/i

'0,
C

UJ

I,
IJ'" V

.. '"
ii'
,, /

10

, 100-1',
Ql

V' I
~

20

,"

, VI

60
I

Nm

I,'

90
I

mkp

,,

' - - - BMW323i

,
110

Ql

..
2000

...

'-

"
3000

.~

....

.....
4000

5000

"

mkp

Nm

19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11

190
180
170
160
150
140
130
120
110

6000

Engine speed/min

Engine speed/min
E 21 76203

-BMW318i

I--

..,

Ql

4000

II

'"
P"

I
I

Ql

! ~I
!

,,"/

100
130

r/

,'l!
'/

10

I, I

90
60

UJ

I
I I,."
r

150

- - - BMW 320

130

Ql

'0,

- B M W 316

100 I--

..,

kW

E 21 76204

1 18

Specifications

Road speed - engine speed

Standard 4-speed gearbox

200
180

41

::
Cll
Cll

'"

ctl

120
100

cr

60

40
20

i I

!
1

iii

l;f

i .f

V
I
'I:
/
/ VI
I

;VVf

i~
I

I
1

'/

!/

J_

1~

./

:'
8
: 8
~

I' i

160

140

"
E I
I,
a;

~
'"

120

100

:g

80

'

I;

l-J I

/
i) /

(4--.-_..//
//
/

//1
---+'---'----c-'--+''-;/+//-+-JL-A--t-__+_-1
VI

".

I
I. .I,
,!

/,

If!

Iv

I ---L I

,I

I I-L I

"~~~~---li~;[
.'

tr

11
/! / I
I Ii

I_BMW320

180

:/1

1t~1---BMW32;il

"0

/'

"

1/ i

I
I!

200

ill,

II

)/

I
1

iI

/11
I

VVi
I/VI Y

VI

1000

~ .....-r-

II

!i

,i

f-I

:Til

i
i

: Iii

80 1

a.

"0

"0

140

BMW 3181

BMW 316

i
I

160

Standard 4-speed gearbox

'}'.

'-/',yj----'--o---+---i

-1;'1

(/,

"v

/'

;1 /.. - .. - I--::e.=.;
,
'.~'

'II .y;.
/1' /1

:'L'.

--l S-'('----C--/'i'---+--1

"yi

I
,

--r
I

I~

~
i

I
I

1
I

I
I

i
I

2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

Engine speed/min
2180 205.1

20

t/ kf' / i ~++--j,--+----+-+---j
li~'
I
IL.YI I I !
Iii! I
!

1000

2000

3000

1111

4000

5000

Engine speed/min

6000

21 80205.2

Road speed - engine speed

Optional 'economy' gearbox

I
200

180

+l
i

:2

140

BMW 3181

!!

!
i!

160

"E

111'

BMW 316

r--+-'~-----'-I-~-'----i

II

!I ,! !
!
! I

l-i
I
1

"tl

Q)
Q)

"tl
til

60

I!

l/i

Y ,

1/

'/

Y/i Xi Y
!/I/i,/I
IV Y .vi ' I
I/V
,~
i

y:

'Ni/!~!
iL,..~

I
I

1/"!

1000

I
2000

3000

Engine speed/min

al

120

Ql

c.
rJ)

~ 100
0

c::

60

~r"

SOOO

40

20

4000

,w

80

: i

40

140

1/
;.lilA
i!
i

J;f' A I i i

, I,

20

100

c::
80

160

/ A

120

180

---+----+-,.

'

c.
rJ)

i,

Ii

i,

/1
(i

~ /
;,,.L,"7 i
/i-f- I~I
i/i i /

200

V'

'

Optional 'economy' gearbox

6000
E 21 80205.3

1000

2000

3000

4000

SOOO

Engine speed/min

6000 w

E 21 8020S,4

Road speed - engine speed

Optional 'sports' gearbox

i
200
180

I
i

I I

:;:
E

120

Ql
Ql

Cl

I
.

100

l1l

80
60

!/

I
i

I!

I
I

i/
I

I/i

./

l/

1/1

Y /

#%

V
I\L...;""'-

I~

~-i+-t-~,
,i

___

~~

1'/1

,.';,

I/

iT 'V,'7l
'---:j:'7/
I 1"7

i
I

i/

Iii
c--7!---+-t--1
1

iI

II

i.,

H'--SMW 320
. 1--- SMW323,

/ / , /'i'7

1/ //

//

ill Yr -7/'
11/ /1,
"V T
100 f-L_+--+--'---i---f-T/'A--l#--,-~7+---+--l
v/// . "/,,,
'/
801--+--+--+--+--,'-;Ij---;///"Y-;;[/
..: I ~
120

/'

, ;;f/ /V //

~V

.....
,I

---

i
i

[L- V'I
1000

i V

V i..l

VI

<Il

~
~

:~ ilo"""i

140

I!

i
I
l, -......L........L-+---+--'----+--C-/'-r+-I
I

i i '

-g
~

iA

~
]

./

1/1/1

I/Y / V(

'"

if

!/

I1A IV

"

160

1/

II

I
I

20

!
!

i
40

I
I

~
ii,

Iii
f.-.+---+--.J--

c---'

i:

r-:--+

180

Iii

"0

a:

I !
i

I
I

1/

I
i

"0

<Il

200

i
i

BMW 318;

""-

160
140

Optional 'sports' gearbox

ltv
200P

3000

4000

Engine speed/min

5000

6000

E 21 80205.5

1000

2000

3000

4000

Engine speed/min

5000

6000

E 21 80205.8

~peclTlcallons

IL I

------------_._-_._---

Fuel consumption at steady speeds in 4th or 5th gears

Fuel consumption at steady speeds in 4th or 5th gears

- - - - , . _ - .- ,

BMW 316 - Consumption curve not available at

time of going to press

18

12

8
6

...

20

I
!

laO

i----l

,,

,/,.'
~

i ~I
I~I
i
I~ I
I I

~
i
I
i

!
!

80

18
16

i
i

14
12
10

II

I
i

,I
I

+--1
i

I
!

I
,

140

120

BMW 3231

I
I

I
60

i
i
!

i
,,
~:,

I
160

I
200

180

Fuel consumption at steady speeds in 4th or 5th gears

Fuel consumption at steady speeds in 4th or 5th gears

Standard gearbox
'Economy' gearbox

60

i
,

BMW 320

10

BMW 318 i-Consumption curve not available at

time of going to press

I
i

16

1.

20

80

I
!

i
i

i
i

V/

//'
I

~?

'Q

[......-:::: ~

k:::: ~

'I

100

i
120

140.

160

180

200

ILL

::'peclTlcatlons

BMW 318 i, 323 i-fuel injection

system
Your BMW is equipped with 'K-Jetronic'
continuous-acting mechanical fuel injection. This system measures the volume of
air drawn into the engine and injects the
correct proportion of fuel to form the
combustion mixture. The fuel and air
combine in the intake tracts to make up
this mixture. The fuel is injected just ahead
of the inlet valves under pressure, and is
thus finely atomised. The normal fourstroke combustion cycle then takes place
in the cylinder as usual.
1. Fuel delivery
Fuel is drawn from the tank by an electric
fuel delivery pump, and delivered to the
fuel flow distributor by way of a reservoir
and a fuel filter in the pressure line. A
system pressure regulator in the fuel flow

distributor maintains line pressure at approx. 4.7 bar above atmospheric pressure,
and returns excess fuel to the tank. In this
way, fuel free from vapor bubbles is
always available at the injectors.
From the fuel flow distributor the fuel
passes through the injector lines to the
injectors. The starting valve is linked to the
fuel flow distributor by a hose.
If the tank runs dry, the system does not
need to be bled, but the starter motor
must be run uninterruptedly (max. approx.
20 seconds) until the engine starts.
2. Cold starting and warming up
For cold starting, the engine requires af
much richer mixture than usual. The proportions of fuel and air are controlled by
the warming-up regulator and an additio-

nal air slide valve which have the effect of

increasing the amount of fuel injected.
In addition, an electromagnetic starting
valve operated by a temperature/time
switch enriches the mixture still further for
actual starting, during a period of time
dependent on engine temperature.
3. Injectors
Each injector opens at a pressure of 3.3
bar above atmospheric presure, and injects fuel into the inlet tract.
4. Intake air supply
Intake air for combustion is drawn in via a
large-capacity air cleaner and silencer, the
airflow meter, the throttle butterfly stub
pipe. the air collector box and the intake air
. pipes, before passing into the cylinder of
the engine.

KJetronic system
BMW 318 i, 323 i

,
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
,0
"
,2
,3
,4
,5

Fuel tank
Fuel delivery pump
Fuel reservoir
Fuel filter
Fuel flow distributor
System pressure regulator
Warming-up regulator
Airflow meter
Baffle plate
Throttle butterfly
Idle adjusting screw
Additional air slide valve
Electric starting valve
Temperature/time switch
Injectors

,
124

Specifications

ZF 3 HP 22 automatic transmission
The ZF automatic transmission consists
of a 3-speed planetary gearbox mounted
behind a torque converter. Starting off
from a standstill is performed by the
torque converter which acts as a fluid
coupling and a torque multiplier (converter range), Once the transmission input
speed approaches that of the engine, the
torque converter operates purely as a fluid
coupling and transmits engine torque
directly, without any multiplication, to the
transmission's input shaft (coupling ran-

operative in all gears. Gear shifts are

effected by hydraulically operated multiple disc clutches which are not subject to
wear and require no adjustment.

gel.

Gear shifts are performed via two freewheels without any interruption in drive
torque. A low loss oil pump is situated at
the front end of the transmission and
supplies oil to the converter, automatic
control unit, gear shift mechanism and for
lubrication. The output shaft of the planetary gear set has external teeth in which a
pawl can engage to stop the car rolling
away (park position).

A mechanical planetary gearbox with

three forward gears and one reverse gear
is arranged behind the converter and is

The automatic control unit with selector

valve, control piston and pressure valves
is accommodated in the base of the

transmission housing. Gear shift points

are dependent on a combination of road
speed and throttle position. A centrifugal
governor on the output shaft gives the
necessary impulses according to road
speed. The whole system operates hydraulically.
Gears are changed automatically at preset
points depending on the driving range
selected.
If sudden acceleration and maximum en,gine power is required, the accelerator
pedal can be pressed down fully beyond
the pressure point (kick-down), Provided
the car is travelling below a certain road
, speed, the transmission then changes to a
lower gear and only changes up again at a
speed much higher than usual.

.... ,.... ........ , ........

~,

..... ,

....

ZF 3 H P 22 automatic transmission

2
3
4
5
6

7 -

8 9 10

Flywheel with starter ring

gear
Torque converter
Oil pump
Multiple disc clutches
Planetary gear set
Centrifugal governor
Throttle cable
Selector lever shah
Automatic control unit
Speedometer drive

E 23 80211.2

',,-U

...,If-/C\..o'(I\..oQ ltUII"
~,:

c~

;-J,:;

ZF 3 HP 22 automatic transmission
Power flow diagrams
1st gear (1)
Clutch 3 is applied. The planet carrier
drives through freewheel 10 during acceleration, which is by-passed on overrun.

2nd gear (2)

Clutch 3 and brakes 5 and 6 are applied.
Freewheel 10 is overriden. The ring gear
(annulus) and sun wheel are locked.

3rd gear (0)

Clutches 3 and 4 as well as brake 6 are
applied. Freewheels 10 and 11 are
overriden. The whole planetary gear set
rotates as a bloc.k to produce a drive ratio
of 1:1.

Reverse (R)
Clutch 4 and brake 7 are applied. The
direction of rotation of the output shaft is
reversed via the locked planet carrier.

The bold lines show the power flow in the

individual gears.

Nl
Nl
Nl

'~

l1]Ip~
.~

11J+~
~.

tlH~

E 23 80 211.3

Carburetors

BMW 316

BMW 320

Type

1 Zenith 2 84
two stage downdraft

1 Solex 4A 1
duplex two-stage

Carburetor settings

Stage I

Stage II

Stage I

Stage II

Air venturi

34

34

20

44

Intake pipe diameter

32

44

Main jet

97,5

Air correction jet

90

Electromagnetic idle
shutoff valve

No. PE 20 273/2.5
"

Idle jet

42.5

Float needle valve

2.5

Thickness of float needle

valve gasket mm (in)
Weight of float g (oz)

6.8 0,35
(0.24 0.012)

Pump injection volume (cm 3 / stroke)

Jet needle
Figures not available at the time of going to press

O.q

0.15

85

oJ~C''-' Iii\..0 llLlII~

COOLING SYSTEM

Radiator type

BMW 316. 3Hi i

Gilled tube; Automatic models with additional transmission oil cooler in lower
coolant box of radiator. Pressure and
vacuum relief valves in filler cap.

BMW 320. 323 i

Cross flow gilled tube radiator with separate header tank; Automatic models with
additional transmission oil cooler in right
coolant box of radiator. Pressure and
vacuum relief valves in header tank filler
cap.
Opening pressure
of cap valves:
Pressure relief:
+0.15bar
1.0 _ 0.10 bar
(142

~ t~

Ib/in 2 )

Vacuum: max. 0.1 bar (1.4 Ib/in 2 )

Fan - BMW 320, 323 i
9-bladed. with Holset system viscous fan
coupling; auxiliary electric fan when air
conditioning (optional) is installed.

Coolant thermostat
Thermostatic control of engine coolant in
output flow to engine coolant in output
flow to engine with automatic equalization of engine load and outside temperaoue variations (BMW system).
Opens: 80 1.5C(176 app.3F)

CLUTCH
Single dry plate with diaphragm spring
and hydraulic withdrawal mechanism:
torsional vibration damper fitted. Automatic adjustment of clearance. Automatic
transmission; fluid coupling with torque
converter.
GEARBOX
a) Manual gearbox
Four-speed gearbox (five-speed sports
gearbox optional extra on BMW 318 i,
320. 323 i), or five-speed 'economy'
gearbox (optional extra). Borg-Warner
synchromesh on all forward ratios; 1
reverse ratio.
b) Automatic transmission
ZF 3 HP-22
Gear ratios
Gear
4speed

5-speed 5-speed Automatic

sports 'economy'
transmission

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
Rev.

3.764
2.043
1320
1.000
4,096

3.764
2.325
1.612
1.229
1.000
4.096

3.682
2.002
1.330
1.000
0.805
3.682

Torque converter ratio

BMW 316 A, 318 i A, 320 A
BMW 323 i A

2.478
1.478
1.000
2.090
1-236:1
1-2.06:1

i L::::J

PROPELLER SHAFT
Two-piece, centered at front end by joint
disc in guide journal, needle roller bearing
universal joints at rear and center; resilient
center bearing mounting,
FINAL DRIVE
Klingelnberg or Gleason type hypoid bevel
gearing with taper roller bearings.
Finai drive ratio

8MW 316, 318 i

8MW 320
8t<1w 323 i

Pinion/
crown
wheel

No.
of
teeth

3.91 : 1
3.64 : 1
3.45 : 1

43 : 11
40 : 11
38 : 11

Optional: ZF disc-type limited-slip differential (Lok-O-Matic), app. 25% locking

action.
Rear axle drive
Left and right double universal joint hatfshafts with maintenance-free homokinetic universal joints,

I.:jV

::>peclTlcations

SUSPENSION

Front suspension

Front suspension

Independent, with lower wishbones and

spring struts with double-acting telescopic hydraulic dam pers; offset castor angl e
and lateral force equalization.
High-mounted coil springs off-center in
relation to strut axes, with rubber auxiliary
springs. Total travel at wheel 192 mm
(7.6 in). Torsion-bar stabilizer (anti-roll
bar) in maintenance-free rubber bushings.
Toe in"

1 5 + 1.0 mm
. -0.5 mm

0.04. )
(0 .06 +
_ 0.02 In
equivalent to

00 30'

Camber angle"
Castor angle"
Kingpin inclination"
Toe-out on turns"
at 20 0 inside
wheel lock

20' 3D'

100 54' 30'

00 45' 30'

Max. wheel lock"

Inner wheel
Outer wheel

In normal load position: car with full tank and 2 )(

68 kg (2 x 150 Ibl on front seats. 1 x 68 kg (1 x
150lbl on rear seats and 21 kg 146 Ib! in luggage

compartment.

E2176212

::>pecltlcatlons

1::1 1

Rear suspension

Independent. with semi-trailing arms and

maintenance-free rubber bushings. Box
section semi-trailing arms and final drive
bolted to bodyshell at three points through
rubber mountings. Asymmetric rear rubber mounting acting as selfaligning support.
Spring/damper struts with double-acting
telescopic hydraulic dampers, coil springs
and rubber auxiliary springs; total wheel
travel 220 mm (B.7 in). BMW 320. 323 i:
anti-roll bar with maintenance-free rubber
bushings.
Toe in"
equivalent to
Camber angle"

Rear suspension

2 0.8 mm
(0.08 0.03 in)

0019'7'
2 30' negative

tn normal load position: car with full tank and 2 x

68 kg (2 x 150 Ib) on front seats, 1 x 68 kg 11 x
150 Ibl on rear seats and 21 kg (46 Ib) in luggage
compartment.

E2176213

1JL

SpecifIcations

Steering
ZF rack and pinion, with flexible rubber
mountings.

Protect valves with screw-on dust caps.

Dirt entering the valve may cause a slow
leak.

Winter tires: BMW 320, 323 i

165 SR 13 winter-tread tires may only be
installed on 5' /2 J x 13 H 2 rims.

Overall ratio: 21.1 : 1

Winter tires: BMW 316, 318 i

Same sizes as summer tires for rims
specified.

BMW fine-link snow chains may be

used on the drive wheels only (with 5 or
5' /2 J x 13 H 2 wheels)

Steering damper: BMW 320, 323 i

Hydraulic single tube damper
Steering column
Safety steering colum n with divided shaft,
2 universal joints and 1 rubber disc joint.
Power steering
Optional

The following BMW wheels and tire dim~nsions have been officially approved:

Four-spoke steering wheel

380 mm (15 in) dia.

Radial ply
tires

Track rods: left and right

BMW316,318i

Pressed steel
rims

Offset

Light alloy
rims

Offset

165 SR/HR 13

Jx13H2
5
5 1 /2 J x 13 H 2

29m m 1114in)
18 mm (0.71 in)

Jx13H2'
5
5'/2Jx13H2'

29mm(1.14in)
18 mm (0.71 in)

185/70 SR/HR 13 5'/2Jx13H2'

18 mm (0.71 in)

5' /2 J x 13 H 2'
Jx13H2'
6

18 mm (0.71 in)
13 mm (0.51 in}

5' /2 J x 13 H 2

18 mm (0.71 in)

5 1/2Jx13H2'

18 mm (0.71 in)

185/70 HRIVR 13 5' /2 J x 13 H 2

18 mm (0.71 in)

5' /2 J x 13 H 2'
Jx13H2'
6

18 mm (0.71 in)
13 mm (0.51 in)

BMW 320, 323 i .

Wheels and tires

Important: When renewing or removing
tubeless tires, always renew the rubber
valve (43GS/11.5DIN 7780) at the
same time as a safety precaution.

165 SR 13 M + S

Optional (factory-fitted) or accessory item.

Note that subsequent fitting may necessitate an official entry in the car's registration documents.

~,'

"4:.

power steering (optional)

Construction:

Today's traffic often calls for vehicles to

be positioned accurately in lanes or parked In confined spaces, particularly in our
city centers. The driver has to turn the
steering wheel almost from one full-lock
position to the other, often two or three
times in succession, at very slow speeds.

The ZF rack and pinion steering box

contains control valves, actuating rams
and also a complete mechanical steering
gear assembly. Oil pressure for the power
assistance is supplied by a ZF vane-type
high pressure pump driven by V-belt from
the engine. The oil reservoir and oil filter
are attached to the pump.

Furthermore, sudden hazards can occur

on the roads which demand an immediate
change of direction at high speed in order
to avoid a collision. If one front wheel
should then stray on to a soft shoulder,
high lateral forces will suddenly confront
the driver.
With power steering, the driver in both
cases senses only the need for very slight
extra effort, since the force he exerts at the
steering wheel rim is automatically boosted by the hydraulic power assistance.
The hydraulic power support is effective
independent of speed i.e. at high speeds
and when the steering force is low, the
power assitance goes down, so that the
driver feels he has more control and better
road grip. When more steering effort is
needed at a high speed, the full power
assistance then becomes available.
Power assistance thus not only makes
driving effortless but also makes a major
cont,ibution towards road safety.

Ifthis BMW is your first car equipped with

power steering, please remember that it
takes a little time to grow accustomed to
the light action of the steering under
no'tmal driving conditions.

The design of the steering gear means

that in the event of a hydraulic failure, or
when the car's engine cannot be run and
the car has to be towed away, full manual
control is provided, although the steering
then naturally calls for considerably more
effort at the wheel rim.
Check oil level in the power steering
reservoir during all engine oil level
checks and maintenance work (See 'CARE AND MAINTENANCE'). Only the oils
listed on page 149 must be used for initial
filling or refilling of the power steering
circuit, together with restoring level (under 1/4 liter).
Every 60 000 km (40 000 miles). the
filter element should be renewed and
subjected to a detailed operational check.
This work, and all other attention which
the power steering system requires,
should always be entrusted to a BMW
service station.

Disc-type limited-slip differential

(special equipment)
In very unfavorable driving conditions the
conventional form of differential may be
unable to transmit torque to the road
wheels without one of them slipping. The
limited-slip differential largely prevents
this undesirable wheel slip.
The locking action is produced by lined
discs and is dependent on the load exerted. The differential gear shafts, thrust
rings and symmetrically located inner
plaftls tend to move apart and brake the
wheel generating the greater accelerative
force.
Thtl friction between the discs then comes
increasingly into effect and hinders or
entirely inhibits wheelspin on that side of
t~e -car.
A major advantage of the limited slip
differential is that it comes into action
automatically when needed, and does not
need to be operated by the driver, who
may well be fully occupied with traffic
problems when wheelslip sets in.
Sports suspension rates
(Optional on BMW 316, 31 B i and 320)
For the enthusiastic owner the suspension
can be set up harder so that vehicle can be
driven in a forceful style.
The modifications include the anti-roll
bars, the shock absorbers and possibly the
springs, and are individually matched to
your car.

134 .Specifications

BRAKES
Foot brake
(dual-circuit system)
Hydraulic, acting on all 4 wheels, with
booster servo. Tandem master cylinder,
20.64 mm (0.8125 in) diameter. Transparent fluid reservoir in engine compartment, brake system warning light in instrument cluster.
Front
Two piston fixed caliper disc brakes with
automatic pad wear compensation and
lining wear detector on left pads.
255 mm (10.04 in)
Disc diameter
48 mm ( 1.99 in)
Pi.stan diameter
BMW 323 i-ventilated front discs.
Rear
BMW 316, 318 i, 320
Drum brakes with self-centering shoes.
Brake drum
250 mm (9.34 in)
diameter
Cylinder diameter
19.05 mm (0.75 in)
40 mm (1.57 in)
Lining width

Diagram of hydraulic
dual-circuit brake system
-BMW 316, 318 i, 320

__--i
..

. . J..---......

BMW 323 i
Floating caliper disc brakes with automatic pad wear compensation and lining
wear detector on right pads.
258 mm (10.16.in)
Disc diameter'
Piston diameter
33 mm ( 1'.3 in)

Handbrake
BMW 316, 318 i, 320
Operates mechanically on rear wheels.
Adjust at handbrake lever after lifting
rubber sleeve. Cable to each rear wheel
adjustable separately.

E2176214

Handbrake

BMW 323 i
Duo-Servo drums on rear wheels, operated mechanically. Adjustment nuts on
brake shoes and under rubber gaiter of
handbrake lever. Separate adjustment for
each cable to rear wheels.
Brake drum diameter 160 mm (6.30 in)
25 mm (0,98 in)
Brake lining width
Brake force limiter (for rear axle): cut-in
pressure 25 2 bar (356 28 Ib/in 2 ).
Stopping distances
The stopping distance is made up of the
distance covered during the approx. 1
second reaction time (at 100 km/h [62
mile/h] about 28 meters (92 feet), the
time needed for the brakes to act and the
actual braking distance.
The best possible brakes can only attain
an efficiency corresponding to the available friction between tires and road surface. As the graph shows, the maximum
possible retardation of a vehicle travelling
on an icy surface is only in the region of
1.5 m/sec 2 (4.9 ft per sec 2 ).
This implies that your car's speed is
reduced by only 1.5 m (4.9 ft) per second;
in other words, every second the speed
drops by only 5.4 km/h (3.375 mile/h).
If you had, for example, been travelling at
54 km/h (34 mile/h) it would therefore
take you 10 seconds to stop. As the graph
shows, you would cover almost 100
meters (330 ttl in that time. The lowest
curve (1.5 m/sec 2 ) shows you your braking distance related to road speed under
the conditions just described.

Overall stopping distance related to road speed and retardation

200

190

180

/
./

160

150

'----

"" /

140

,,7/

~~Y- :Y

110

100

90

V
/

/'

~y

120

130

'1

;.~
\~

If

./

./

170

io'

/ V
V//
I/
/'
/V
./
V

..;~

-~

..;

80
70
60

1/

50

II /

40

rtf /

30

V/

20
10

o
50

100

150

200

250

300

Overall stopping distance (m) including 1 sec. reaction time (s)

350

400

E 21 75215

I.:SO

::.peclTlcatlons

In contrast, the uppermost curve (8

m/sec 2 ) refers to the shortest braking
distances generally obtainable in ideal
conditions.

Heating system

The middle curve (4.5 m/sec 2 ) applies to

a damp road not entirely devoid of grip for
the tyres, and thus represents an average
set of values for normal-strength braking
during everyday driving on dry roads as
well.
All the values on the graph can vary for
better or worse depending on the state of
your brakes, tire condition and the road
surface itself.
The braking distance quoted include a
proportion'S' covered during one second's reaction time on the part of the
driver.
Most effective braking takes place not
with locked wheels, but when the wheels
are still just turning.
Locking the wheels can be dangerous, as
locked front wheels can no longer be
steered, and locked rear wheels cause the
car to slide sideways or spin.

BODYWORK
Load-bearing all-steel bodyshell welded
to floor section to form a torsion-resistant
complete unit.
Safety occupant compartment with builtin roll bar. Impact absorbing front and rear
body sections.

Two doors and engine compar1ment lid

hinged at front.

Warm air

E 2180216

~pecltlcatlOns

Windows
Toughened glass (windshield: laminated).
Special equipment: tinted heat-insulating
glass.
luggage 'compartment:
Capacity 460 liters (16.2 ft 3 ) - absolute
404 liters 114.3 ft3) - German
VDA method
Fuel tank:
Capacity 58 liters (12.8 Imp. gal., 15.3 US
gaLl.
Heating and ventilation:
Fresh-air heating system with heater controlled by water valve and four-flow,
three-speed radial blower (160 W). 270 0
cam form valve or 1500 tap valve, and
circular tube matrix with baffle plates.
Simple .and accurate temperature selection by slide operated Bowden cable with
check lever (for fresh air supply). by two
rotary controls (air distribution, temperature). and by a blower switch.
Max. heater output: 9.5 kW /h (31000
btul. Independently of the warm air supply, fresh air can be supplied as desired to
the right or to the left of the car's interior
through variable-direction grilles in the
sides and center of the instrum ental panel.
This ensures stratified interior temperature for fatigue-free driving.
The air supply emerges through 2 footwell
outlets, 2 defroster nozzles, 1 central
nozzle, 2 side window nozzles, 2 central
and 2 side grilles.
Stale air extraction through slots below
the rear window leading to ducts in the
rear roof pillars.

Ventilation system

Fresh air

E21S0217

l::l /

Air conditioning (special equipment on

BMw 318 i, 320, 323 i)
Your BMW can be fully air conditioned by
a unit integrated into the standard heating
and ventilation system. This enables the
car's interior to be either raised or lowered
in temperature.
The air conditioning operates by the same
principle as a domestic refrigerator. The
refrigerant (Frigen 12) is raised to a high
pressure in the compressor and then
passed in gas form to the condenser,
which is located in front of the car's
radiator. The air drawn in by cooling fan
and ram air which enters when the car is
moving cools the Frigen vapor, which thus
liquefies again. The liquid refrigerant then
flows to the evaporator, passing through
the dehumidifier flask on the way. This
absorbs any traces of moisture which it
still contains. In the evaporator the refrigerant is released through an expansion
valve and vaporized again. The heat needed for this change of state is taken from
the airflow round the unit, which is produced by the blower. The gaseous refrigerant is then drawn into the compressor
again and recompressed to start the
circuit a second time.
The compressor is equipped with an
electromagnetic clutch which cuts in or
out as required. It is controlled by a
thermostat switch on the evaporator.

The electric auxiliary fan starts automatically when the compressor cuts in or
when refrigerant temperature reaches a
certain upper limit.

1
2
3
4
5

Compressor with magnetic clutch

Charging valve
Condenser
Dehumidifier flask
Evaporator with blower
E 3 76 225

:::ipeclt,catlOns

Evaporator housing
The air conditioning evaporator is integrated into the heating system. The air drawn
in for cooling is supplied by the blower and
cooled by the evaporator. The air is then
delivered to the car's interor and distributed as on cars without air conditioning.
Air recirculation: four-channel radial blower.
Airflow: 7.0 m 3 (247 ft3)jmin.
Fusing: 25 Amp (blue I fuse in fusebox.
Min. air outlet temperature 2 - 3 C (36-

37 F).
Maximum cooling rate: 5.23 kW.
Compressor
Bosch swashplate type.
No. of cylinders: 6
Running speed: 500-6 OOO/min
Displacement: 152 cm 3
Oil content: max. 0.35 kg (0,77 Ib)
Power consumption: app. 4.4 kW (6 bhp)
at max. running speed.
Electromagnetic coupling
Bosch, 127 mm (5 in) dia.
Condenser
Surface area
Block depth:

15.6 dm 2
40 mm (1.57 in)

Dehumidifier
Steel vessel with inspection window
Content: 0,54 dm 3
Refrigerant
Grade: Frigen 12 (CF 2 CI 2 )
(difluor-dichlormethane)
Max. capacity: 900 g
V-belt (narrow-section)
12.5 x 835 mm
Electric auxiliary fan
Bosch 1 1 -blade axial fan with shroud,
diameter 282 mm (11.1 in)
Power consumption: 150 W at 13 V
Fuse: 1 x 25 Amp (blue)
Located ahead of condenser and controlled by magnetic clutch according to coolant temperature.

139

1 40

~pecltlcatlons

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Ignition advance centrifugal vacuum

Battery:
BMW 316
BMW 318 i, 320
BMW 323 i

Centrifugal advance
BMW 316
Begins:
Ends:
Max. adjustment range:

12 V 36 Amp/h
12 V 44 Amp/h
12 V 55 Amp/h
Bosch 0 221 119035
Bosch0221122010

Distributor:
BMW 316
BMW 318
BMW 320
BMW 323;

Bosch
Bosch
Bosch
Bosch

Firing order:
BMW 316, 318 i
BMW 320, 32:il i
Ignition timing:
BMW 316
BMW318i
BMW 320,
323 i

approx. 1250/min
approx. 5500/min

0 237 011 004

0237005003
0237302023
0237302024

21 _25 at 900/min
1-3-4-2
1-5-3-6-2-4
25 BTDC at 2500/min
28 BTDC at 3500/min
22 BTDC at 1500/min

Check: dynamically, with vacuum advance/retard inoperative, engine running at normal

operating temperature. Use TDC indicator on
engine (BMW 6-cylinger engines) and BMW
Digital Tester.

BMW 318 i
Begins:
Ends:
Max. adjustment range:

approx. 1ODD/min
approx. 3000/min
15 at crankshaft

BMW 320
Begins:
Ends:
Max. adjustment range:

approx. 1000/min
approx.3500/min

approx. 1000/mln
approx. 2200/min
31 at crankshaft

Vacuum advance/retard
BMW 316
Advance
Begins:
Ends:
Max. adjustment range:

approx. 200 mbar

approx. 300 mbar
11 at crankshaft

Retard
Begins:
Ends:
Max. adjustment range:

approx. 360 mbar

approx 500 mbar
8 at crankshaft

BMW 318 i
Advance only
Begins:
Ends:
Max. adjustjTlent range:

approx. 200 mbar

approx. 300 mbar
11 at crankshaft

approx. 93 mbar
approx. 133 mbar
10 at crankshaft

r
BMWS:t:i.:,
Advance
Begins:
Ends:
Max. adjustment range:

approx. 200 mbar

approx. 320 mbar
14 at crankshaft

22 at crankshaft
BMW 323 i
Begins:
Ends:
Max. adjustment range:

approx. 167. mbar

approx. 240 mbar
10 at crankshaft

Retard
Begins:
Ends'
Max. adjustment range:

24 at crankshaft

Ignition coil:
BMW 316, 318 i
BMW 320

Dwell angle:
BMW 316-323 i

BMW 320
Advance
Begins'
Ends:
M ax. adjustment range:

Retard
Begins:
Ends:
Max. adjustment range:

approx. 240 mbar

approx. 460 mbar
16 at crankshaft

Alternator
BMW 316
Bosch 0 120 4~9 645 (45 A 630 W)
with built-in regulator
Bosch 0 192 052 004
Bosch 320
Bosch 0 120489 686 (55 A 770 W)
with built-in regulator
Bosch 0 192 052 004
BMW 318 i, 323 t
Bosch 0 120489718 (65 A 910 W)
with built-in regulator
Bosch 0 192 052 004

::'pecltlcatlons

Starter
BMW316,318i
Bosch 0 001 208204 (0.85 kW)
BMW 320, 323 i
Bosch 0 001 311 125 (1.1 kW)
Spark plugs
Beru
Beru
Bosch
Bosch
Champion

145/1 4/3A or 14/8D

W 145-175 or RS/35
W 145
or W 8 D
W 145-175 or W7 DC
N 10 Y

no

Electrode gap 0.6 + 0.1 mm

(0.024 + 0.004 in)
Warning:
Transistorized coil ignition
This is a high-performance ignition system, and it is dangerous to touch any live
componentes when the engine is running.
Horns
BMW 31 6, 318 i
1 high-intensity single-tone horn behind
grille, protected against dirt and correctly
positioned for maximum audibility.
BMW 320, 323 i
Two intensive single tone horns installed
in favorable tone direction protected from
dirt behind radiator grille.

Headlights
BMW 31 6, 318 i
Asymmetric dipped beam, halogen bulbs,
including parking lights, diameter 170
mm (6.7 in).

BMW 320, 323 i

Main beam: 2 halogen units (inner) lens,
diameter 135 mm (5.3 in) and 2 lowbeam halogen units (outer) operating together.
Dipped beam: 2 asymmetric-beam halogen units also containing the parking
(side) lights; lens diameter 135 mm (5.3
in).
Headlight cleaning equipment (optional)
Fog lights

(optional~

12 Volt bulbs
See 'DRIVING HINTS, MINOR DEFECTS'
Fusebox
in the engine compartment, on the lefthand wheel arch.
Socket for rechargeable hand lamp
in glove box
Cigar lighter and plug socket on facia
Can also be used for plugging in an
inspection lamp or razor with standard
plug; max. 200 Watt, 12 Volt rating.
Wipers
Twin blades, with preselector lever on
right of steering column for 2 speeds,
intermittent action or automatic wash/
wipe.

141

Automatic windshield washer

Electric gear type pump with delaying
relay for wipers, operated by wiper/washer lever on right of steering column.
Heated rear window
with 14 electrodeposited heating elements; power rating 150 Watts.

I "'tL

':'lJt=U"IL.OlIUII~

Dimensions

BMW316

length

171.5

Width

In

BMW 320

BMW 323i

(4355 mm)

63.4 in (1610 mm)

Height (unladen)

54.3

Wheelbase

In

(1380 mm)

100.9 in (2563 mm)

Ground clearance (laden)

5.7 in ( 145 mm)

Front overhang

30,7 in ( 781 mm)

Rear overhang

39.8in(1011 mm)

Front track (at perm, axle load)

53.8 in (1366 mm)

53.8 in (1366 mm)

54.6 in (1387 mm)

54.6 in (1388 mm)

Rear track (at perm, axle load)

54.1 in(1373mm)

54.1 in (1373 mm)

.550 in (1396 mm)

55.2 in (1401 mm)

Min. turning circle dia. (wheels)

31 ft

Min. turning circle dia. (overall)

2 in ( 9,5 m)

33 ft 10 in (10.3

m)

Vehicle weight unladen

(in road trim with full tank,
excluding special equipment)

2249 Ib (2271 Ib)

1020 kg (1030 kg)

2266 Ib (2293 Ib)

1030 kg (1040 kg)

2403 Ib (2425 Ib)

1090 kg (1100 kg)

2447 Ib (2470 Ib)

1110 kg (1120 kg)

Max. permitted gross

weight

3197Ib(1450kg)

32191b (1460 kg)

3352 Ib (1520 kg)

3396 Ib (1540 kg)

Permitted front axle load

Permitted rear axle load

1565 Ib (710 kg)

1786 Ib (810 kg)

1588 Ib (720 kg)

1808 Ib (820 kg)

1698 Ib (770 kg)

1808 Ib (820 kg)

1720 Ib (780 kg)

1852 Ib (840 kg)

Permitted trailer load

unbraked
Braked, max, gradient
12% (1 in 85)
max. gradient
8% (1 in 12.5)

BMW 318 i

1102
2645
2205
2645
2645

Permitted nose weight (trailer)

110 Ib (50 kg)

Permitted roof load

(When fully laden, the permitted axle loads must'not
be exceeded)

165 Ib (75 kg)

Ib
Ib
Ib
Ib
Ib

Automatic models
Automatic models - may necessitate an official entry in the car's registration documents.

( 500
(1200
(1000
(1200
(1200

kg)
kg)
kg)
kg)
kg)

::>peCIIICatlOns

J4~

80 d y dimensions
.
('n
I millimeters)

1373
320' 1396
323 I ; 1401

E 21 80218

144

Specifications

Performance

BMW 316

BMW 318 i

BMW 320

BMW323i

Top speed (manual gearbox)

101 mph
(163 km/h)
98 mph
(158 km/h)

106 mph
(1.71 km/h)
103 mph
(166 km/h)

112 mph
(181 km/h)
109 mph
(176km/h)

118mph
(190 km/h)
115 mph
(185 km/h)

Max. gradients
in 1st gear

52%
(1 in 1.9)

58%
(1 in 1.7)

58%
(1 in 1.7)

58%
(1 in 1.7)

Acceleration through gears

mile/h (km/h)

sec.

sec.

sec.

sec.

(automatic transmission)

0--31 (0-50

3.8

3.6

3.4

0-50(0--80

7.9

7.3

7.2

2.8
6.4

0--62 (0-100)

12.5/14.7*

11.5/13.2 *

10.7;;3.0*

9.5/11.7*

0--75 (0-120)

18.3/22.4*

16.3/19.9*

15.8/18.8*

13.6/15.8*

0-87 (0-140)

29.0

24.4

22.7

18.5

39.1

36.0

27.3

33.0/34.9*

32.4/34.6*

30.9/33.2*

0--99 (0.:..160)
Standing start
kilometer in sec.
* Automatic transmission cars

34.3/36.3*

I""tU

0etvlL-e ill':'lIUL-liUII L-llall

Service instruction chart

Engine

1st BMW
Inspection
at 600 miles
(1000 kml

Check oil level regularly

Change oil
Brand-name HD oil for spark-ignition engines (see 'CARE AND MAINTENANCE')

Engine oil filter

Change filter

Hydraulic
power steering

Check oil level regularly

(see 'CARE AND MAINTENANCE')
For oil grades, see page 149
Change filter

Manual gearbox

Check oil level

Change oil
Brand-name SAE 80 gear oil (see 'CARE AND MAINTENANCE'). In an
emergency, HD engine oil.

Automatic
transmission

Check oil level regularly

Change oil
For oil grades, see page 148

Rear axle
(final drive)

Check oil level

Change oil
Brade-name running-in hypoid oil, SAE 90
(your BMW dealer knows the approved oil grades)

BMW
Oil Service
every
5000 miles
(7500 km)

BMW
Inspection
every
10 000 miles
(15000 km)

X
X2)

X
Xl)

X
Xl)

X
Xl)

Wheel bearing

Grease: Shell Retinax A

Carburetor linkage

Oil
Engine oil

Throttle butterfly
lever and gate

Grease
Multi-purpose grase

Door and front

lid hinges

Oil
Engine oil

Front and rear lid

catches, door lock
latches and strikers

Grease
Multi-purpose greaS8

Fuel tank

Premium (Super) grade fuel to DIN 51600 standard; inin, octane number 98 (RM), 88 (MM)

X,

:::.ervlce instruction cha rt

lsI BMW
Inspection

al 600 miles
11000 km)

5000 miles
17500 kml

Radiator

Check coolant level regularly (see 'CARE AND MAINTENANCE')

Only factory-approved long life antifreeze and corrosion
inhibitors may be used - your BMW dealer can advise you,

Renewantifreeze every
2 years

Brakes,
clutch

Check fluid level regularly;

your BMW dealer knows the factoryapproved brake fluids,

Always
renew fluid
once a year

Battery

Check acid level regularly

Windshield washer
and headlight
cleaning system

Check fluid level regularly

Antifreeze: to DIN 51421 standard
(see 'CARE AND MAINTENANCE'I

Fuel system
Mesh strainer in fuel pump
316,320
Main fuel filter
BMW 318 i, 323 i
Screen filter in carburetor
feed line (BMW 320)
Screen filter in fuel
level sensor
Intake air cleaner
element

BMW
Inspection
every

10000 miles
{15 000 kml

Clean (see 'CARE AND MAINTENANCE')

x
x

Replace (see 'CARE AND MAINTENANCE')

Clean (see 'CARE AND MAINTENANCE')

Clean (see 'CARE AND MAINTENANCE')

Replace

1) Every 20000 miles (30000 km)

2) Every 40000 miles (60000 km)

BMW

Oil Service
every

Lifting points for car hoists with 4 pickup

arms:
Outer extremity of body, under the
seam directly adjacent to the reinforced
points used for the car's own jack.

Warning: If the car is jacked up directly beneath the

front a"xle beam or the final drive, use suitable hoisting
equipment or place a suitable piece of material between
the jack pad and the housing to prevent damage to the
final drive.

147

14l:i

UII grades tor automatic transmisSion

Approved oil grades for automatic transmission

Initial filling of new and exchange transmissions, restoring fluid level

Aero-Line ATF Dexton
Agip F 1 AT F Dexron
Antar Dexron R II
Aral Getrtebe61 ATF 22
Aseol Dexron It
A5e01 Dexron II
Autol GetriebeOi De)l;ron C
Avia Fluid ATF 77Dexron
BayWa ATF Dexron
Severol Dexron II

SP Autr.n OX II
Castrol TO Dexron
Castrol TO Dexron
Castrol TO Dexron
Castrol TQ Dexron
Castrol TQ Dexron

II
II
II
II
II

Castrol TQ Dexron II

Caramatic: OX II
Chevron ATF

Deluxol Transmatic Fluid Dexton II

Deutz Del Dexron II
Elan Austromatic Dextran II

Elfmatic G2
ESA A TF Dexron
Esso ATF Dexron
Esso ATF Oexron
Esso ATF Dexron
Fina Oexron II
Frontal Getriebeol DXS Dexron C
GilA Dexron II
Giromatic Oexron C
GOlden Fleexe Dexron II
Gulf ATF Dexron II
Hansa Dexron

Homber9 Getriebe Fluid

Prinz-Schulte, Frechen
Agip, Roma/I
Antsr, Paris/F
Aral, Bochum
Aseol, Bern/C'"
AsecH, Bern/CH
Autol, Hannover
Avia, Munchen
BayWa, MUnch.n
Severol, Beverwijk/Nl
SP. Hamburg
Cltstrol. Swindon/GB
Castrol, Swindon/GB
Castrol Swindon/GB
Castrol:" Swindon/GB
Castrol, Swindon/GS
Castrol. Swindon/G B
Cera, Broksburg/SA
Chevron,Frankfurt
Deluxol, Rotterdam/Nl
Oeutzar Oel, Kaln
Elan, Wien/A
ElfUnion, Paris/F
ESA, Bu'lldorf/CH
Esso,Hamburg
Esse,Hamburg
Esso,Hamburg
Fina, Frankfurt
Schindler, Hamburg
Fiat, Torino/I
Martin, Nurnberg
Golden Fleexe, Melburne/Austr,
Gulf, Rotterdam/Nl
Oel-Hansa, Hamburg
Homberg. Wuppertal

020101
B" 297
020600
020749
020 137
016712
020383
020760
020739
020727
020335
020180
020691
020366
020354
020182
020815
020137
020 824
020726
020137
020768
020211
020739
Bl0 696
[).20277
020 347
020668
020383
020782
020383
020352
020 "1
020739
020739

rp Dexron Fluid
Kompressol-Fluid Matic D 52
lubro Dexron II
MAC Dexron II
Mihag ATF Dexron
Mobil AT F 220
OMVAustromatic: Daxron /I
Orvematic
Pamatic Fluid Dexron II
Pazbo Dex Fluid"
,
PN Fluid-Getrlebebl Duron II
Renoftuid Dexron
Shell ATF Dexron II
Shell ATF Dexron II
Shell ATF Dexron II
,
Shell Donax T6
Shell ATF Dexron
Sunamatic 149
Teboil Automatic Fluid 0 f1
Texamatic Fluid !Dexron R II)
Texamatic Fluid tDexron R II)
Texamettc Fluid (Dexron R II)
Texamatic Fluid 9226
Texaco lastona Fluid II ~
Total Oexron
Trek Dexron II
Turbo Getriebe61 ATF Dexron
Unil Matic: Dexron II
Valvorine Valvomatic Type Duron II
Vee:dol ATF Dexron II
Veedol ATF Dexron II
Veedol AT F O.xron II
Westfalen-Getriebeflussigkeit ATF Du,
Wiesolub ATF Oexron
Vacco ATF II

IP, Genua/I
Kompressol, KOln
Chemico, luipaardsvlei S,A.
Shell. Hamburg
Mihag, Diisseldorf
Mobil Oil, Hamburg
OMV, Wien/A
Orvema, Maaruen/Nl
PAM,Asdlaffenburg
paz Oil, Haifa/ll
Neuling, Berlin
Fuchs. Mannheim
Shell, H"mburg
Shell, Hamburg
SheU, Hamburg
Shell, USA
Shell, Hamburg
Sun Oil, Antwerpen/B
Oy Teboil, Helsinki/SF
Caltex, london/GB
Caltex, london/GB
Caltex, london/GB
Texaco, Hamburg
Texaco, Hamburg
Total, Paris/F
~
Trek, Johannesburg /SA
Basche u. Bodeker, Bremen
Unil Intern. Beauvais Cedex/F
Valvoline, Hamburg
Veedollntem.,England/GS
Veedol Intarn.,England/GS
Veedot Intem.,England/GS
Sauerstoffwerk Westfalen,Miinster
Wiesol, Wiesbaden
Vacco, Caudebec les Elbeuf/F

B11297
020739
020694
020 137
020739
020104
020 768
020725
020137
020137
020137
020739
020137
020207
020719
020115
B10 709
020101
020111
020139
020329
020576
020112
020112
020356
020530
020383
020740
020739
020816
020366
020808
020 739
020739
020 806

IJII

lOr power steering

14~

Approved oil grades for power steering

Initial filling, refilling:

Avia Fluid ATF 77 De)(ron
BP Autran OX II
CastrOI TO Dexron II

Ess.o ATF Dexron

Frontal Getriebebl DXS Dexron Clo
Shell ATF Dexron II
Texamatic Fluid 9226
Veedol A TF Dexron II

Restoring level onlv:

Avia Mineralol, Munchen
BP, Hamburg
Castrol, Swindon/GB
Esso AG, Hamburg
()Iwerke Schindler, Hamburg
Deutsche Shell AG. Hamburg

Deutsche Texaco, Hamburg

Veedol GmbH, Hamburg

020760
020335
b20 815
020277
0-20383
0-211. 137
020112
020816

AERO-Line Denan
Antar Dexron II

Arel GatriebeOl ATF 22

Autol GetriebeOl Dexron
BayWa ATF Dexron
8eYerol Dexron II

BP Autran G 3 P 770810
Castrol TO Dexron II
Deluxol Transmatic Fluid Dexron H
Deutz Del Dexron II
Duckharm ATF Duron
Elan Austromatic Duron II
Elfmatic G 2
ESA ATF Oexron
Giromatic Duron C
.I
Golden Fleece Dexron II
Gulf ATF Dexron II
Hafe Transmatic,B-D II
Hens Dexron
Homberg Getriebe fluid
Kompressol Fluid Matic 052
Mihag ATF Dexron

Mobil ATF 220

Mobil ATF 210 2P 721005
Orvematic
OMV Austromatic Dexron II
Renofluid Dexron

-Shell Dona. TF 3 P 731 113

Sunametic 149
Teboil Automatic Fluid
Totar Dexron
Trek Dexron II
Turbo Getriebe61 ATF. Dexron
Unil Metic Dexron II
Valvoline Valvomatic TVpe Denon II
Veedol ATF Dexron II
Veedol ATF Du;ron R II
Weidalen GetriebeflUssigkeit
.. ATF Dexron
Wiesolub ATF Duron

Y'dU~S

Prjnl Schulte, KolnFrechen

Antar SA et C, hris/F
Aral, Bochum
Autol-Werke, Hannover
.~ BayWa, MUnchen
r Beverol, Beverwijk/NL
BP, Hamburg
Castrol, Swindon/GB
Deluxol, Rotterdam/Nl
Deutter 01 GmbH, Kaln
Duckhams, London/GB
Elan, Wien/A
Elf, Paris/F

ESA, BurgdorllCH
Martin, Nlirnbefg
Golden Fleece, Melbourne/AUS
Gulf, Rotterdam/NL
Safra, Paris/F
01 Hansa, Hamburg
Homberg, Wupperul
Kompressol, Kaln
Mih8g, DUsseldorf
Mobil Oil AG, Hamburg
Mobil Oil AG, Hamburg
Orvema, Maarssen/NL
OMV, Wien/A
Fuchs, Mannheim
Deutsche Shell AG, Hamburg
Sun Oil Campanv, Antwerpen/B
Oy Teboil, Helsinki/SF
Totat, DUsseldorf
Trek, Johannesburg/ZA
80sche u. BOdeker, Bremen
Unir Beauv8is/F
Valvoline, Hamburg
Veedol, England
Veedol, England
Seuentoffwerk Westfalen, Munster
Wiesal, Wiesbaden

0-20 101
.-0-20 600
0'20749
020 383
020 739
020 727
i)20 lao
0-20726
i)20 137
0-20801
020768
020211
020 739
0-20383
020362
020 HI
020 781
020 739
0-20739
020 739
0-20 739
020104
020725
0-768
020 739
020 101
020 III
020 366
0-20630
020383
020740
0-20739
0-20808
020 366
0-20 739
020739