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Appendix 1:

Multiple linear regression for Unemployment, BOP and policy rate in


relation with inflation
KEY FIGURES FROM THE REGRESSION ANALYSIS
(Output are indicated with an accuracy of 6 decimals- values below decimal limit indicated by
~ 0)

Response variable: Y

R-squared

0,752088

Adjusted R-squared

0,645839

Standard deviation

0,514258

Observations

(Coefficient of determination)

Variance = 0,264461

11

SUMS OF SQUARES AND F-TEST

Degrees of freedom

Sum of squares

F-value

p-value

Regression

5,616043

7,078593

0,015863

Residual

1,85123

10

7,467273

Total (SST)

COEFFICIENTS AND CONFIDENCE INTERVALS


95%-confidence intervals
Coefficients

Standard deviation

Lower limit

Upper limit

Constant

-4,638074

6,607688

-20,262773

10,986624

X1

0,328569

0,62317

-1,144995

1,802133

X2

-1,117737

0,370754

-1,994432

-0,241043

X3

0,635098

0,386194

-0,278105

1,548302

p-value

p-value

COEFFICIENT TESTS

Coefficients

t-stat

two-sided

one-sided

Constant

-4,638074

-0,701921

0,50539

0,252695

X1- unemployment

0,328569

0,527253

0,614309

0,307155

X2- BOP

-1,117737

-3,014766

0,01953

0,009765

X3 - Policy rate

0,635098

1,644506

0,14407

0,072035

H1

H1

two-sided

one-sided

b 0

b <0

b 0

b >0

b 0

b <0

b 0

b >0

Squared correlation coefficients


Y

Y
X
1
X
2
X
3

X1
X2
X3
0,4209 0,1240 0,4219
1
1
2
3
0,4209
0,0365 0,9201
1
1
7
2
0,1240 0,0365
0,0848
2
7
1
8
0,4219 0,9201 0,0848
3
2
8
1

Correlation
coefficients
Y

Y
X
1
X
2
X
3

X1
X2
X3
0,6495
1
0,6488 0,3522
6
0,6488
1
0,1912 0,9592
0,2913
0,3522 0,1912
1
5
0,6495
0,2913
6
0,9592
5
1

Appendix 2:
Multiple linear regression for BOP and policy rate in relation with
inflation
KEY FIGURES FROM THE REGRESSION ANALYSIS
(Output are indicated with an accuracy of 6 decimals- values below decimal limit indicated by
~ 0)

Response variable: Y

R-squared

0,742242

Adjusted R-squared

0,677803

Standard deviation

0,490503

Observations

(Coefficient of determination)

Variance = 0,240594

11

SUMS OF SQUARES AND F-TEST

Degrees of freedom

Sum of squares

F-value

p-value

Regression

5,542524

11,518436

0,004414

Residual

1,924749

Total (SST)

10

7,467273

COEFFICIENTS AND CONFIDENCE INTERVALS


95%-confidence intervals
Coefficients

Standard
deviation

Lower limit

Upper limit

Constant

-1,172076

0,638541

-2,644553

0,300402

X1

-1,053935

0,334262

-1,824746

-0,283124

X2

0,439163

0,100257

0,207971

0,670356

p-value

p-value

COEFFICIENT TESTS

Coefficients

t-stat

two-sided

one-sided

Constant

-1,172076

-1,835553

0,10375

0,051875

X2 - BOP

-1,053935

-3,153016

0,013537

0,006768

X3 - Policy rate

0,439163

4,38038

0,002348

0,001174

H1

H1

two-sided

one-sided

b 0

b <0

b 0

b <0

b 0

b >0

Squared correlation
coefficients
Y
Y
X
1
X
2

1
0,1240
2
0,4219
3

X1
0,1240
2
1
0,0848
8

X2
0,4219
3
0,0848
8
1

Correlation
coefficients
Y

Y
X
1
X
2

X1

X2
0,6495
1
-0,3522
6
0,2913
0,3522
1
5
0,6495 0,2913
6
5
1

Appendix 3:
Multiple linear regression for unemployment policy rate in relation with
inflation
KEY FIGURES FROM THE REGRESSION ANALYSIS
(Output are indicated with an accuracy of 6 decimals- values below decimal limit indicated by
~ 0)
Response variable: Y

R-squared

0,430198

Adjusted R-squared

0,287747

Standard deviation

0,729286

Observations

(Coefficient of determination)

Variance = 0,531859

11

SUMS OF SQUARES AND F-TEST

Degrees of freedom

Sum of squares

F-value

p-value

Regression

3,212403

3,019978

0,105414

Residual

4,25487

10

7,467273

Total (SST)

COEFFICIENTS AND CONFIDENCE INTERVALS


95%-confidence intervals
Coefficients

Standard deviation

Lower limit

Upper limit

3,63553

8,524151

-16,021198

23,292258

X1

-0,284616

0,835342

-2,210919

1,641686

X2

0,18217

0,504534

-0,981288

1,345628

p-value

p-value

Constant

COEFFICIENT TESTS

Constant
X1- unemployment
X3- policy rate

Coefficients

t-stat

two-sided

one-sided

3,63553

0,426498

0,68099

0,340495

-0,284616

-0,340718

0,742091

0,371045

0,18217

0,361066

0,727399

0,3637

H1

H1

two-sided

one-sided

b 0

b >0

b 0

b <0

b 0

b >0

Squared correlation
coefficients
Y
Y
X
1
X
2

1
0,4209
1
0,4219
3

X1
0,4209
1
1
0,9201
2

X2
0,4219
3
0,9201
2
1

Correlation
coefficients
Y
Y
X
1
X
2

1
0,6488
0,6495
6

X1
0,6488
1
0,9592

X2
0,6495
6
0,9592
1

Appendix 4:

Multiple linear regression for unemployment and BOP in relation


with inflation
KEY FIGURES FROM THE REGRESSION ANALYSIS
(Output are indicated with an accuracy of 6 decimals- values below decimal limit indicated by
~ 0)

Response variable: Y

R-squared

0,656308

Adjusted R-squared

0,570386

Standard deviation

0,566396

Observations

(Coefficient of determination)

Variance = 0,320805

11

SUMS OF SQUARES AND F-TEST

Degrees of freedom

Sum of squares

F-value

p-value

Regression

4,900834

7,638343

0,013953

Residual

2,566439

10

7,467273

Total (SST)

COEFFICIENTS AND CONFIDENCE INTERVALS


95%-confidence intervals
Coefficients

Standard
deviation

Lower limit

Upper limit

Constant

5,911571

1,744299

1,88921

9,933932

X1-unemployment

-0,65755

0,186807

-1,088328

-0,226771

X2-BOP

-0,88055

0,376178

-1,748018

-0,013082

p-value

p-value

COEFFICIENT TESTS

Coefficients

t-stat

two-sided

one-sided

Constant

5,911571

3,389081

0,009513

0,004756

X1-unemployment

-0,65755

-3,519936

0,007847

0,003923

X2-BOP

-0,88055

-2,340779

0,047358

0,023679

H1

H1

two-sided

one-sided

b 0

b >0

b 0

b <0

b 0
b <0
Squared correlation
coefficients
Y
Y
X
1
X
2

1
0,4209
1
0,1240
2

X1
0,4209
1
1
0,0365
7

X2
0,1240
2
0,0365
7
1

Correlation
coefficients
Y

Y
X
1
X
2

X1

X2
1
-0,6488 0,3522
0,6488
1
0,1912
0,3522 -0,1912
1

Appendix 5: Linear regression for unemployment (Phillips curve original


model) in relation with inflation

original Phillips curve


3
2.5

inflation

2
1.5

Srie1

1
0.5
0
7

10

11

unemployment

observed x

observed y

estimated y

residual

2006

8,8

1,6

1,557165

0,042835

2007

1,5

2,016311

-0,516311

2008

7,4

2,8

2,360671

0,439329

2009

9,1

0,1

1,384985

-1,284985

2010

9,3

1,5

1,270198

0,229802

2011

9,2

2,1

1,327591

0,772409

2012

9,8

0,983232

1,016768

2013

10,3

0,9

0,696265

0,203735

2014

10,3

0,5

0,696265

-0,196265

2015

10,4

0,6

0,638872

-0,038872

2016

10

0,2

0,868445

-0,668445

Figures for linear regression


KEY FIGURES FROM THE REGRESSION ANALYSIS
(Output are indicated with an accuracy of 6 decimals- values below decimal limit indicated by
~ 0)

Response variable: Y

R-squared

0,420912

Adjusted R-squared

0,356569

Standard deviation

0,693158

Observations

11

(Coefficient of determination)

Variance = 0,480467

SUMS OF SQUARES AND F-TEST

Degrees of freedom

Sum of squares

F-value

p-value

Regression

3,143065

6,541682

0,030805

Residual

4,324207

10

7,467273

Total (SST)

COEFFICIENTS AND CONFIDENCE INTERVALS


95%-confidence intervals
Coefficients

Standard deviation Lower limit

Upper limit

Constant

6,607774

2,103418

1,849513

11,366036

X1

-0,573933

0,224397

-1,081553

-0,066312

p-value

p-value

COEFFICIENT TESTS

Coefficients

t-stat

two-sided

one-sided

Constant

6,607774

3,141447

0,0119

0,00595

X1

-0,573933

-2,557671

0,030805

0,015402

H1

H1

two-sided

one-sided

b 0

b >0

b 0

b <0

Squared correlation
coefficients

Y
X1

X1

0,42091

0,42091

Correlation coefficients

Y
X1

X1

-0,6488

-0,6488

Appendix 5: Linear regression for unemployment (Phillips curve new


model) in relation with inflation

New model Phillips curve


2
1.5

change in inflation

1
0.5
0
-0.5

observed y

-1
-1.5
-2
-2.5
-3
7

7.5

8.5

9.5 10 10.5 11

unemployment

Unemployment

inflation

estimated y

residual

2006

8,8

0,068445

-0,068445

2007

-0,1

0,365396

-0,465396

2008

7,4

1,3

0,58811

0,71189

2009

9,1

-2,7

-0,042912

-2,657088

2010

9,3

1,4

-0,117149

1,517149

2011

9,2

0,6

-0,08003

0,68003

2012

9,8

-0,1

-0,302744

0,202744

2013

10,3

-1,1

-0,488338

-0,611662

2014

10,3

-0,4

-0,488338

0,088338

2015

10,4

0,1

-0,525457

0,625457

2016

10

-0,4

-0,376982

-0,023018

Figures for linear regression


KEY FIGURES FROM THE REGRESSION ANALYSIS
(Output are indicated with an accuracy of 6 decimals- values below decimal limit indicated by
~ 0)

Response variable: Y

R-squared

0,103667

(Coefficient of determination)

Adjusted R-squared

0,004074

Standard deviation

1,123839

Observations

Variance = 1,263015

11

SUMS OF SQUARES AND F-TEST

Degrees of freedom

Sum of squares

F-value

p-value

Regression

1,314684

1,040909

0,334251

Residual

11,367134

10

12,681818

Total (SST)

COEFFICIENTS AND CONFIDENCE INTERVALS


95%-confidence intervals
Coefficients

Standard deviation Lower limit

Upper limit

Constant

3,334909

3,410341

-4,379818

11,049635

X1

-0,371189

0,363822

-1,194211

0,451833

p-value

p-value

COEFFICIENT TESTS

Coefficients

t-stat

two-sided

one-sided

Constant

3,334909

0,977881

0,353685

0,176842

unemployment

-0,371189

-1,02025

0,334251

0,167125

H1

H1

two-sided

one-sided

b 0

b >0

b 0

b <0

Squared correlation
coefficients

Y
X1

X1

0,10367

0,10367

Correlation coefficients

Y
X1

X1

-0,322

-0,322

Appendix 6: Linear regression for policy rate with inflation

Plot of x- and y-values with regression line


4
3.5
3

inflation

2.5
2
1.5

Srie1

1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0

interest rate

observed x

observed y

estimated y

residual

2,51

1,8

1,603582

0,196418

2,81

1,9

1,719352

0,180648

3,11

1,7

1,835122

-0,135122

3,48

1,3

1,977905

-0,677905

3,74

1,2

2,078239

-0,878239

3,98

1,2

2,170855

-0,970855

4,33

1,3

2,30592

-1,00592

4,63

2,3

2,42169

-0,12169

4,4

2,9

2,332933

0,567067

4,67

3,3

2,437126

0,862874

4,81

3,2

2,491152

0,708848

3,86

1,8

2,124547

-0,324547

1,98

0,6

1,399055

-0,799055

1,11

-0,2

1,063322

-1,263322

-0,4

1,020873

-1,420873

0,4

1,020873

-0,620873

1,3

1,020873

0,279127

1,02

1,6

1,028591

0,571409

1,5

1,020873

0,479127

1,6

1,020873

0,579127

1,8

1,020873

0,779127

1,22

2,1

1,105771

0,994229

1,47

2,1

1,202246

0,897754

1,31

2,4

1,140502

1,259498

2,3

1,020873

1,279127

0,78

0,935975

1,064025

0,75

0,924398

1,075602

0,75

1,5

0,924398

0,575602

0,6

1,1

0,866513

0,233487

0,5

0,8

0,827923

-0,027923

0,37

0,9

0,777756

0,122244

0,25

0,7

0,731448

-0,031448

0,23

0,7

0,72373

-0,02373

0,14

0,6

0,688999

-0,088999

0,05

0,4

0,654268

-0,254268

0,05

0,3

0,654268

-0,354268

0,05

-0,2

0,654268

-0,854268

0,05

0,2

0,654268

-0,454268

0,05

0,1

0,654268

-0,554268

0,05

0,1

0,654268

-0,554268

0,05

0,654268

-0,654268

0,634973

-0,634973

Figures for linear regressions


KEY FIGURES FROM THE REGRESSION ANALYSIS
(Output are indicated with an accuracy of 6 decimals- values below decimal limit indicated by
~ 0)

Response variable: Y

R-squared

0,414774

Adjusted R-squared

0,400143

Standard deviation

0,732594

Observations

(Coefficient of determination)

Variance = 0,536694

42

SUMS OF SQUARES AND F-TEST

Degrees of freedom

Sum of squares

F-value

p-value

15,215098

28,349672

0,000004

Residual

40

21,467759

Total (SST)

41

36,682857

Regression

COEFFICIENTS AND CONFIDENCE INTERVALS


95%-confidence intervals
Coefficients
Constant

Standard deviation Lower limit

Upper limit

0,634973

0,160664

0,310259

0,959687

0,3859

0,072477

0,239418

0,532382

p-value

p-value

X3

COEFFICIENT TESTS

Coefficients

t-stat

two-sided

one-sided

0,634973

3,952179

0,000307

0,000154

0,3859

5,324441

0,000004

0,000002

Constant
X3-Policy rate
H1

H1

two-sided

one-sided

b0 0

b0 > 0

b1 0

b1 > 0

Squared correlation
coefficients

Y
X1

X1

0,41477

0,41477

Correlation coefficients

Y
X1

X1

0,64403

0,64403

Appendix 7: Linear regression for BOP with inflation

Plot of x- and y-values with regression line


3
2.5

2
1.5

observed y

1
0.5
0
-3

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

observed x

observed y

estimated y

residual

-0,84

1,6

0,729855

0,870145

-1,29

1,5

1,012161

0,487839

-1,75

2,8

1,300741

1,499259

-1,42

0,1

1,093716

-0,993716

-1,88

1,5

1,382296

0,117704

-2,56

2,1

1,808892

0,291108

-2,16

1,557953

0,442047

-1,88

0,9

1,382296

-0,482296

-1,99

0,5

1,451304

-0,951304

-1,38

0,6

1,068623

-0,468623

-1,29

0,2

1,012161

-0,812161

Figures for linear regression


KEY FIGURES FROM THE REGRESSION ANALYSIS
(Output are indicated with an accuracy of 6 decimals- values below decimal limit indicated by
~ 0)

Response variable: Y

R-squared

0,124018

Adjusted R-squared

0,026687

Standard deviation

0,852525

(Coefficient of determination)

Variance = 0,726799

Observations

11

SUMS OF SQUARES AND F-TEST

Degrees of freedom

Sum of squares

F-value

p-value

Regression

0,926078

1,274187

0,288172

Residual

6,541194

10

7,467273

Total (SST)

COEFFICIENTS AND CONFIDENCE INTERVALS


95%-confidence intervals
Coefficients

Standard deviation Lower limit

Upper limit

Constant

0,202884

0,966474

-1,983432

2,389199

X2

-0,627347

0,555765

-1,884575

0,629881

p-value

p-value

COEFFICIENT TESTS

Coefficients

t-stat

two-sided

one-sided

Constant

0,202884

0,209922

0,838404

0,419202

X2-BOP

-0,627347

-1,128799

0,288172

0,144086

H1

H1

two-sided

one-sided

b0 0

b0 > 0

b1 0
b1 < 0
Squared correlation
coefficients

Y
X1

X1

0,12402

0,12402

Correlation coefficients

Y
X1

X1

-0,3522

-0,3522

Appendix 8
Currency rate
EUR/USD

Source: http://www.xe.com/en/currencycharts/?from=EUR&to=USD&view=10Y

EUR/GBP

Source : http://www.xe.com/en/currencycharts/?from=EUR&to=GBP&view=10Y
EUR/CNY(China)

Source : http://www.xe.com/en/currencycharts/?from=EUR&to=CNY&view=10Y

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