Part II Interpreting linear functions

1.
The expression 1.08s+1.02b predict the end of year value of a financial portfolio where s is the
value of stocks and b is the value of bonds in the portfolio at the beginning of the year.
What is the predicted end-of-year value of a portfolio that begins the year with $200 in the stocks
and $100 in bonds?

$
Correct answer: 318

Difficulty level: 1

Tag: Data collection and conclusions

2.

The graph above shows the results of a controlled experiment designed by a scientist to determine
the effect of magnetic field strength on the growth of sunflower plants. 500 young sunflower
plants were randomly assigned to the control or experimental group. In the control group, the
scientist grew 250 sunflower plants under normal local geo-magnetic field conditions (30
microteslas). In the experimental group, the scientist grew 250 sunflower plants identically except
under a lower geomagnetic field (20 microteslas). Based on the results of this experiment, which
conclusion is NOT valid?
A. Sunflower plants grown under lower magnetic field conditions were more likely to weigh
more than sunflower plants grown under normal magnetic field conditions.
B. There is evidence of an association between the strength of magnetic field and height in
sunflower plants.
C. Sunflower plants grown under lower magnetic field conditions were more likely to be taller
than sunflower plants grown under normal magnetic field conditions.
D. Members of the control group were more likely to grow to less than100 inches than members
of the experimental group.
Correct answer: A
Difficulty level: 2
Tag: Data collection and conclusions
3.
A researcher wants to conduct a survey to gauge United States (U.S.) voters opinions about the
U.S. Congress. Which of the following should NOT be a component of this survey?
A. The researcher collects data from the survey takers.
B. The researcher analyzed data from the survey takers.
C. The researcher distributes the survey to 10,1000 randomly selected U.S. citizens aged 18 and

older.
D. The researcher distributes the survey to 10,000 residents of a Washington D.C. neighborhood.
Correct answer: D
Difficulty level: 2
Tag: Data collection and conclusions
4.
A scientist wants to collect data about the effects of gravity on the growth of soybean plants. To
test her hypothesis that soybeans grow better in a zero-gravity setting, she randomly assigns the
plants into one of two groups. The first group is grown in typical soybean growing conditions in a
greenhouse on earth, and the second group is grown in a zero-gravity, yet otherwise identical
greenhouse in a space station. Which of the following is the best description of the research design
for this study?
A. Controlled experiment
B. Observational study
C. Sample survey
D. None of the above
Correct answer: A
Difficulty level: 2

Tag: Data collection and conclusions

5.
A researcher representing a city government wants to measure public opinion about recycling by
asking 1,000 randomly selected residents a series of questions on the subject. Which of the
following is the best description of the research design for this study?
A. Observational study
B. Sample survey
C. Controlled experiment
D. None of the above
Correct answer: B
Difficulty level: 2

Tag: Data collection and conclusions

6.
In order to determine whether children who have just watched cartoons will perform better on
cognitive tasks than children who have not just watched cartoons, researchers randomly divided
60 preschoolers into three groups. For nine minutes, one group watched a rapid-paced cartoon,
one group watched a slower-paced educational program, and one group colored. They then
administered standardized tests to determine the immediate impact of the childrens previous nine
minutes of activity. Which of the following is the best description of this type of research design?
A. An observational study, a study in which investigators observe subjects and measure variables
of interest without assigning treatments to the subjects.
B. A controlled experiment, a study in which an investigator separates subjects into a control
group that does not receive a treatment and an experimental group that receives a treatment,
and then observes the effect of the treatment on the experimental group.
C. A sample survey, a study that obtains data from a subset of a population, usually through a
questionnaire or interview, in order to estimate population attributes.
D. None of the above
Correct answer: B
Difficulty level: 2
Tag: Data collection and conclusions
7.

A player at point A passes a ball to a player at point B. What is the distance, in yards, between
point A and point B? ( Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a yard.)
Correct answer: 45.5

Difficulty level: 2

8.
Wanahtons rectangular baking sheet is 9

1
2

Tag: Right triangle word problems

inches (in) by 13 in. To the nearest inch, what is

the longest breadstick Wanahton could bake on his baking sheet?

A. 13 in
B. 16 in
C. 124 in
D. 259 in
Correct answer: B

Difficulty level: 2

Tag: Right triangle word problems

9.

Due to weather, a barge captain decides to reach her destination in two legs: one due north and one
due west. On a direct route, her destination is about 1,830 miles (mi) away; see the figure above. If
after traveling 605 mi due north the captain determines it is time to head due west, how many
more miles are left in the trip? (Round your answer to the nearest mile.)

Correct answer: 1727

Difficulty level: 2

Tag: Right triangle word problems

10.
Abby is buying a widescreen TV that she will hang on the wall between two windows. The
windows are 36 inches apart, and wide screen TVs are approximately twice as wide as they are
tall. Of the following, which is the longest that the diagonal of a widescreen TV can measure and
still fit between the windows?
A. 32 inches
B. 42 inches

C. 55 inches
D. 60 inches
Correct answer: A
Difficulty level: 2
Tag: Right triangle word problems
18
11.
Bilal was assembling a set of bunkbeds and wanted to make sure the support posts were
perpendicular to the floor. He measured that the posts were 165 centimeters (cm) tall and 220 cm
apart. How long should the diagonal measurement be if the support posts are perpendicular to the
floor?
A. 75cm
B. 130cm
C. 275cm
D. 385cm
Correct answer: C

Difficulty level: 2

Tag: Polynomial factors and graphs

12. P ( x )=2 x 31 8 x
Given the polynomial function P defined above, what are its zeros?
A. {-9, -6, 2, 3}
B. {-9, 0, 2}
C. {-3.3}
D. {-3,0,3}
Correct answer: D

Difficulty level: 2

Tag: Polynomial factors and graphs

13.

Which of the following gunctions could represent the graph at left in the
y=P(x ) ?
A.
P ( x )=x 2+6 x+8
B.
P ( x )=x 3+6 x 2+ 8 x
C.
P ( x )=x 26 x +8
D.
P ( x )=x 36 x 2+8 x
Correct answer: D
Difficulty level: 2

xy -plane, where

Tag: Polynomial factors and graphs

14. A polynomial has zeros at -9, 2, and 0. Which of the following could be the polynomial?
A.
x 27 x 18
B.
x 3+7 x 218 x
C.
x 3+ 8 x 211 x18
D.
x 3+6 x 25 x+ 18
Correct answer: B
Difficulty level: 2

Tag: Polynomial factors and graphs

15. ( x7 ) ( x+ 5 )( 2 x3 )
Given the polynomial above, what are its zeros?
A. {-7,5, -3}
B. {7, -5, 3}
C. {-7, 5, D. {7, -5,

3
}
2

3
}
2

Correct answer: D

Difficulty level: 2

Tag: Polynomial factors and graphs

16. 2 ( x+ 55)( x 17)

Given the polynomial above, what are its zeros?
A.
x=55x=17
B.
x=55, x=2,x=17
C.
x=17x=55
D.
x=17, x=2,x=55
Correct answer: A
Difficulty level: 2

Tag: Polynomial factors and graphs

17. 0.2B+ 0.1S = C

Rhia is using the above equation to investigate the carbon footprint, C, in kilograms of carbon
dioxide (CO2) emissions, for her morning commute, during which S miles are by subway and B
miles are by bus. How many kilograms of CO2 per mile does the bus portion contribute to Rhias
carbon footprint?

Correct answer: 0.2

Difficulty level: 2

18. V=2.5(6.4t)
Salma is filling her water jugs with spring water at the supermarket. The above equation gives the
empty space in her jugs, V, in US gallons, after t minutes at a constant fill rate. How many minutes
will it take to fill the jugs?

Correct answer: 6.4

Difficulty level: 2

19. T=0.25q+87
Manon's statistics professor puts a bonus question on every test, which adds 0.25 points to a
student's overall grade at the end of the term. The above equation gives Manon's current overall
grade, T, after taking into account q extra credit questions answered correctly. What does the 87
mean in this equation?
A. Manon must get an 87 or above to pass.
B. Manon's average is an 87 before adding the extra credit.
C. After adding in her extra credit, Manons average is an 87.
D. Manon's professor gave 87 opportunities for extra credit this term.
Correct answer: B
Difficulty level: 2
20. T=10m+40
Tim decides to cook a steak. The interior temperature, T, of the steak, in degrees Fahrenheit( ),
after cooking for m minutes is given in the equation above. What does the 10 mean in the
equation?

A. The interior temperature is 10 when Tim starts cooking the steak.

B. The interior temperature of the steak increases by 10 for every minute it is cooked.
C. The interior temperature of the steak decreases by 10 for every minute it is cooked.
D. The interior temperature of the steak will increase a total of 10 while being cooked.
Correct answer: B
Difficulty level: 2
21. 5.5B+4R=28
The above equation models the cost if Amit picks B pounds of blueberries and R pounds of
raspberries at a farm where blueberries cost $ 5.50 per pound and raspberries cost $ 4.00 per
pound. According to the equation, how much does Amit spend in total on both types of berries?
A. $9.50
B. $22.00
C. $28.00
D. $56.00
Correct answer: C
22.

g=15

Difficulty level: 2

m
32

If Vera starts with a full tank of gas, the number of gallons of gas, g , left in the tank after
driving m mile is given by the equation above. When full, how many gallons of gas does
Veras tank hold?
A. 15 gallons
B. 17 gallons
C. 30 gallons
D. 32 gallons
Correct answer: A

Difficulty level: 3

23.
Officials project that between 2010 and 2050, the Sub-Saharan African population will drastically
change. The model below gives the projection of the population, P, in thousands, with respect to
time, t ( provided that 2010 is when t = 0).

P=175+

11
t
2

What does the 175 mean in the equation?

A. In 2010, the population of Sub-Saharan African was 175 thousand.
B. In 2050, the population of Sub-Saharan African will be 175 thousand.
C. Between 2010 and 2050, the population of Sub-Saharan African will increase by 175
thousand.
D. Between 2010 and 2050, the population of Sub-Saharan African will decrease by 175
thousand.
Correct answer: A
Difficulty level: 3
24. S=537.51.25 p
An artist is carving chess pieces from a large piece of marble. After carving p chess pieces,
there are S pounds of uncarved marble left. As the number of chess pieces carved increases,
what happens to the weight of the uncarved marble?
A. There are 125 pounds left.
B. There are 537.5 pounds left.
C. The weight decreases.
D. The weight increases.
Correct answer: C
Difficulty level: 3

25. W =

1
m+16
2

Henrys water bottle is leaking at a constant rate. The amount of water, W , in ounces, that is
left in the water bottle after leaking for m minutes is given by the equation above. What does
the

1
2

mean in the equation?

A. The water bottle loses 2 ounces of water per minute.

B. The water bottle loses

1
an ounces of water in it at the start.
2

C. The water bottle has

D.

1
an ounces of water per minute.
2

1
of the water has leaked from the water bottle in one minte.
2

Correct answer: B

Difficulty level: 3

26. P=23+10 (h1)

People start waiting in the line for the release of the newest cell phone at 5 a.m. The equation
below gives the number of people, P, in line between the hours, h, of 6 a.m. and 11 a.m., when
the doors open. Assume that 6 a.m. is when time h=1 . What does the 23 mean in the
equation above?
A. There are 23 people in line at 6 a.m.
B. After 10 hours, a total of 23 people will be in line.
C. Every hour between 5 a.m. and 11 a.m., 23 more people get in line.
D. Every hour between 6 a.m. and 11 a.m., 23 more people get in line.
Correct answer: A
Difficulty level: 3
27. S=40,000+500c
Caden started a new job selling dental chairs. He earns a base salary plus a commission for every
chair he sells. The equation above gives Caden's annual salary, S, in dollars, after selling c dental
chairs. Based on the equation above, what is Caden's base salary?
A. $39,500
B. $40,000
C. $40,500
D. $50,000
Correct answer: B

Difficulty level: 2

28.
Anthropologists have noticed that they can predict the height of a human being based on the
length of their femur. The relationship between the persons height, H, in centimeters, and length
of the femur, f, in centimeters, can be modeled by the equation below.

H=2.72 f + 42.12

One anthropologist found the femurs of two different people. One femur measured 22 centimeters
and the other femur measured 23 centimeters. What is the difference in their heights?
A. 1 centimeter
B. 2.72 centimeters
C. 27.2 centimeters
D. 42.12 centimeters
Correct answer: B

Difficulty level: 3

29. d=1.06 (212t)

A spacecraft heading for Pluto will take pictures of several other planets on its way. The above
equation gives the distance, d, in millions of kilometers, of the craft from its first photo
opportunity with Mars in terms of the time, t, in days. What is the meaning of the 212 in this
equation?
A. The spacecraft travels 212 kilometers per day.
B. It will take the spacecraft 212 days to reach the Mars photo opportunity.
C. The spacecraft begins its journey 212 kilometers from the Mars photo opportunity.
D. After 212 days, the spacecraft will be within 1.06 kilometers of the Mars photo opportunity.
Correct answer: B
Difficulty level: 3
30. 35 A +28 P=250
Vera is hiring entertainers for her charity event. She is using the equation above to determine the
number of hours, A and P, to hire a caricature artist and a face painter for, respectively, with a total
budgeted cost of $250. The caricature artist charges $35 per hour and the face painter charges $ 28
per hour. What is the meaning of the 35A in this equation?
A. The caricature artist charges 35A dollars per hour.
B. The caricature artist works for a minimum of 35A hours in a week.
C. For the first 35 hours each week, the caricature artist makes A dollars.
D. The caricature artist charges a total of 35A dollars for A hours worked.
Correct answer: D
Difficulty level: 3
31. P=100 h2,000
It costs $2,000 a month for Mia to rent space to run her law firm. She charges $100 per hour for
legal advice. The equation above gives Mias profit, P, per month, after working h hour. How
many hours does Mia have to work before she starts to make money each month?
A. 20 hours
B. 80hoursO
C. 100hours
D. 200hours
Correct answer: A

Difficulty level: 3

32. C=1.5 b+67.5

The total cost, C, in dollars, to produce b books is given by the equation below. What is the
meaning of 1.5 in the equation?
A. 1.5 books will cost $67.50 to produce.
B. It costs an extra $1.50 for each book produced.
C. If you produce one book, you total cost will be $1.50
D. There is a flat fee of $1.50 to produce any number of books.
Correct answer: B
Difficulty level: 4
33. B=0.55 A
Jing is making homemade peanut butter. The equation above shows the amount of peanut butter
yielded, B, in cups, for A cups of peanuts. What percentage of the volume of peanuts is lost when
processing them into peanut butter?
A. 0.55%
B. 0.45%
C. 55%
D. 45%
Correct answer: D

Difficulty level: 4

34. P=0.7 c
A store is having a sale on every item purchased. Irina decides to take advantage of the sale and

purchases a sweater. The equation that gives the after-sale price, P, of Irinas sweater with an
original cost, c, is shown above. What percent off the original cost did Original cost did Irina
save?
A. 3%
B. 7%
C. 30%
D. 70%
Correct answer: C

Difficulty level: 4

35. T =12000.06 c
A print shop copies and prints documents in large volume for its customers. For a particular copy
machine, the equation above gives the amount of toner, T, in grams, left after making c copies.
How many grams of toner are used per copy?
grams
Correct answer: 0.06

Difficulty level: 4

36. 16 B+ 3.5W =22

Antoine bikes part of the way on a 22 mile trail and walks the rest of the way. If he spends B hours
biking and W hours walking, the trip is modeled by the equation shown above. What is the
meaning of the 16B in the equation?
A. Antoine travels a total of 16B miles.
B. Antoine bikes for a total of 16B miles.
C. Antoine bikes for 16B miles before starting his walk.
D. Antoine rides his bike at an average speed of 16B mile per hour.
Correct answer: C
Difficulty level: 4
37. 0.30 P+0.25 G=57
A homeowner uses G hour of natural gas heat and P hours of heat from a pellet stove to heat her
house one month, with a total of 57 therms of output. How many therms per hour does the pellet
stove output?

therms
hour
Correct answer: 0.3

Difficulty level: 4

38. C=40(5s)
After Hiro's family photo shoot the photographer sells the printed photos by the sheet. Hiro has a
200 credit from a prior session, and the above equation gives the total credit left, C, in dollars, if
he buys s sheets. How many sheets can Hiro purchase with his credit?
A. 5sheets
B. 8sheets
C. 35sheets
D. 200sheets
Correct answer: A

Difficulty level: 4

39. C=1.5 b+67.5

The total cost, C, in dollars, to produce b books is given by the equation below. What is the
meaning of 1.5 in the equation?
A. 1.5 books will cost $67.50 to produce.
B. It costs an extra $1.50 for each book produced.

This is the correct answer.

C. If you produce one book, you total cost will be $1.50.
D. There is a flat fee of $1.50 to produce any number of bool.
Correct answer: B
Difficulty level: 4