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SCIENCE INTENSIVE PROGRAMME FOR FROM 3

CHAPTER 2 : BLOOD CIRCULATION AND TRANSPORT

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SMK SUNGAI PASIR ,

O8OOO SUNGAI PETANI , KEDAH DARULAMAN.
WWW.SMKSP.COM TEL : 04-421 1764 FAX : 422 0203 LAMAN WEB : WWW.SMKSP.COM

1 Human Blood Circulatory System is the transport

system which consists of heart, blood vessels and blood.
Human Blood Circulatory System

Heart

Blood Vessels

5 The function of the heart is to pump blood to all parts

of the body.

Blood

2 Functions of the human blood circulatory

system : Transport useful substances :
oxygen, nutrients, hormones and antibodies
to all part of the body.
Transport waste products :
carbon dioxide, urea, excess water/mineral salts.
3 Human blood circulatory system act as a
system of tubes with a pump (heart) and
valves that ensure one-way flow of blood.
4 Blood flow in the human blood circulatory system can 6 The valves prevent backflow of blood
therefore be divided into two paths :
ensures the blood flow in one direction.
Pulmonary Circulation :
- Transports deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs
- Transports oxygenated blood from lungs to heart

7 Blood vessels are tubes in the body that channel blood.

There are 3 types of blood vessel

: Systemic Circulation
- Transports oxygenated blood and useful substances from

Characteristics

Artery

Vein

Capillary

Thickness of wall

Thick

Thin

Blood flow

Fast

Slow

Very slow

Blood pressure

High

Low

Very low

heart to all parts of the body (except lungs)

- Transports deoxygenated blood from all parts of the

Cross section

body (except lungs) to heart

Pulmonary Circulation

(From heart to lungs

very thin(one
-cell thick)

and back to heart)

8 Constituents of blood and their functions :

Constituents of blood
Systemic Circulation
(From heart to all parts
of the body except
lungs and back to

Blood
cells

Plasma

Transport

Red
blood cells
cells

heart)

White
blood

Transport

Platelets

Protect body

medium

Helps blood

oxygen

clotting

2
9 The ABO System group human blood grouped into
four groups called A, B, AB and O.

16 Functions of the stomata :

Allow water vapour to diffuse during transpiration.
Allow the exchange of gases during photosynthesis

10 During blood transfusion, the donor's blood must be

compatible with the recipient's blood to prevent blood
agglutinate (clump together) and cause fatal blockage
in the recipient's blood vessels.
Recipient's

blood group

O
A
B
AB

and respiration.

17 The size of the stoma is controlled by the guard cells.

Donor's blood group

A
X

B
X
X

Compatibles

AB
X
X
X

Incompatibles

Universal Donor
People with blood group O
is able to donate blood to all the blood groups

18 Roles of transpiration :
Helps in absorption and transportation of water
and minerals in plants.
Supplies water for photosynthesis
Loses excess water
Maintains freshness of plant cells.
Cools the plant by evaporation during hot weather.

Universal Recipient
People with blood group
is able AB
to receive from all the blood groups

19 Factors that affect the rate of transpiration :

Factors
Temperature

Increase

Air movement

Increase

The donated blood (usually 450 ml /1 pint or less e.g.400 ml)

Light intensity

Increase

Rate of transpiration
increase

increase

increase

can save the live of

others.

Humidity

Increase

11 Blood donation needed for treatment of accident or surgery.

12 The donated blood can be used either as unfiltered

blood or separated into components :
Component
Plasma

Main uses

decrease

20 The transport system in plants consists of xylem and

phloem which are found in the leaves, stems and roots
To show the transport of water through xylem

Great loss of blood in surgery & chilbirth

Red Blood Cells Anaemia

Platelets

Bone marrow failure, Leukaemia

13 Donated blood is collected in sterile plastic bags that

contain an anticoagulant to prevent clotting as well as
preservatives to keep the red blood cells alive.
14 Screening tests are performed for evidence of donor
infection with hepatitis, AIDS and others sexual
transmitted diseases.
To show the transport of synthesised food through phloem

15 Transpiration is a process of losing water (water

vapour) from the
plants.

Transpiration occurs through the stomata / stoma of the leaves