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AUTOMATIC SPIRAL TUBE WATER WHEEL

PUMPING AND POWER GENERATION


PROJECT REPORT 2015-2016

Submitted by
(Team name)
COLLEGE LOGO

Guided by:
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
Award of Diploma in ----------------------------------------By the State Board of Technical Education Government of
Tamilnadu, Chennai.

DEPARTMENT:
COLLEGE NAME:
PLACE:

COLLEGE NAME
PLACE
DEPARTMENT
PROJECT REPORT-2015-2016

This Report is certified to be the Bonafide work done by


Selvan/Selvi ---------------- Reg.No. ------------ Of VI Semester
class of this college.

Guide

Head of the Department

Submitted for the Practical Examinations of the board of


Examinations, State Board of Technical Education, Chennai,
and TamilNadu. On -------------- (date) held at the -----------(college name),Coimbatore

Internal Examiner

External Examiner

DEDICATED TO OUR BELOVED


PARENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At this pleasing movement of having successfully completed our project,
we wish to convey our sincere thanks and gratitude to the management
of our college and our beloved chairman------------------------.who
provided all the facilities to us.
We would like to express our sincere thanks to our principal
------------------for forwarding us to do our project and offering adequate
duration in completing our project.
We are also grateful to the Head of Department professor., for
her/him constructive suggestions &encouragement during our project.
With deep sense of gratitude, we extend our earnest &sincere thanks to
our guide --------------------, Department of Mechanical for her/him kind
guidance and encouragement during this project we also express our
indebt

thanks

to

our

TEACHING

staff

of

MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, ---------- (college Name).

AUTOMATIC SPIRAL TUBE WATER WHEEL


PUMPING AND POWER GENERATION

CONTENTS

CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO

TITLE
SYNOPSIS
LIST OF FIGURES

1
2
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
4.1
5
6
7
8
9
10

INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENTS
TURBINE
ROTO SEAL COUPLING
DYNAMO AND BATTERY CALCULATION
DESIGN AND DRAWING
OVERALL DIAGRAM
WORKING PRINCIPLE
MERITS & DEMERITS
APPLICATIONS
LIST OF MATERIALS
COST ESTIMATION
CONCLUSION

BIBLIOGRAPHY
PHOTOGRAPHY

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure
number
1

Title
OVERALL DIAGRAM

SYNOPSIS

SYNOPSIS
Todays most prime need is to save conventional sources of energy. Among
them the one thing which is attracting our concentration is the concern of
degradation of fuel sources, the diesel and gasoline oils. Fuel is required in
daily life for many purposes like in vehicles, machine operations, etc. The
pump also requires fuel for its operation. Hence it is necessary to study the
design and working of pump for its further modification. It is found that the
spiral tube water wheel pump is an effective method for pumping water or
similar liquid without use of electric or fuel supply and also make energy
from the while spiral water pump rotation storing the energy to battery for
further purpose . This paper proposed model to obtain desired head and
discharge of water and power saving capability. Also it is totally eco-friendly
method.

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
One of the best renewable energy source is namely called hydraulic power
and encourage maximum use of natural water sources especially rivers and
rivulets. The concept and technology involved in water wheel spiral pump
system is well-known for its low investment cost, almost nil operating cost,
low maintenance cost and also low skill required for its operation and
maintenance. The most valuable part is that the system works on hydraulic
power generated by the moving water through water wheel.

CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
In some instance records of pre industrial technology can be source of
concepts which can be updated with modern materials and modified to be
utilized in todays technology transfer efforts. In recent research, peter tailer,
curator of the windfarm museum o Marthas vineyard, Massachusetts,
uncovered a two hundred and forty year old invention that has great potential
as a low cost, low technology pump for certain situations. This invention is
the spiral pump created 1746 by H.A a pewterer of Zurich, Switzerland.Wirtz
invented the spiral pump to provide water for a dye works just outside of
Zurich. Little is known about the inventor or the circumstances that led him
to create the pump. He probably was aware of the tubular form of the
Archimedes screw and the Persian wheel. Both of these pumps had existed
for hundreds of years. They were low lift rotating pumps which could not
raise water higher than the pump structures themselves. As Wirtz was a
pewterer, he would have possessed the metal working skills necessary to
form a tubular spiral. It is most likely that the dye works were located on the
Limmat River, a tributary of the Rhine, where the pump was powered by
either a water wheel or horse whim.

The Wirtz spiral pump was constructed so the end of the outside pipe coil
opened into a scoop. The inner coil led to the centre of the wheel where it
joined a rotary fitting at the axis of the machine. The wirtz pump was
constructed so that with each revolution of the spiral the scoop collected one
half the volume of the outer coil. As water was taken into the coils, each
column of the water transmitted the pressure through the air to the proceeding
column of water. In this way the water in each col was displaced to provide a
pressure head. A cumulative head was built up at the inner coils and was
conveyed through the rotary fitting to an ascending delivery pipe.

CHAPTER III
DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENTS

CHAPTER III
DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENTS
3.1 TURBINE
A turbine (from the Latin turbo, a vortex, related to the Greek , tyrb,
meaning

"turbulence") is

rotary

mechanical

device

that

extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. A turbine
is a turbo machine with at least one moving part called a rotor assembly,
which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the
blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor. Early
turbine examples are windmills and waterwheels.
Gas, steam, and water turbines have a casing around the blades that contains
and controls the working fluid. Credit for invention of the steam turbine is
given both to British engineer Sir Charles Parsons (18541931) for invention
of the reaction turbine, and to Swedish engineer Gustaf de Laval (1845
1913) for invention of the impulse turbine. Modern steam turbines frequently
employ both reaction and impulse in the same unit, typically varying
the degree of reaction and impulse from the blade root to its periphery.
The word "turbine" was coined in 1822 by the French mining
engineer Claude Burdin from the Latin turbo, or vortex, in a memo, "Des

turbines hydrauliques our machines rotatoires grande vitesse", which he


submitted to the Acadmie royale des sciences in Paris. Benoit Fourneyron, a
former student of Claude Burdin, built the first practical water turbine.

3.2 ROTOSEAL COUPLING


A fluid coupling or hydraulic coupling is a hydrodynamic device used to
transmit

rotating

mechanical

power. It

has

been

used

in automobile transmissions as an alternative to a mechanical clutch. It also


has widespread application in marine and industrial machine drives, where
variable speed operation and controlled start-up without shock loading of the
power transmission system is essential.
The fluid coupling originates from the work of Dr. Hermann Fttinger, who
was the chief designer at the AG Vulcan Works in Stettin. His patents from
1905 covered both fluid couplings and torque converters.
Dr Bauer of the Vulcan-Werke collaborated with English engineer Harold
Sinclair of Hydraulic Coupling Patents Limited to adapt the Fttinger
coupling to vehicle transmission in an attempt to mitigate the lurching
Sinclair had experienced while riding on London buses during the 1920s
Following Sinclair's discussions with the London General Omnibus
Company begun in October 1926 and trials on an Associated Daimler bus

chassis Percy Martin of Daimler decided to apply the principle to the Daimler
group's private cars.
During 1930 The Daimler Company of Coventry, England began to introduce
a transmission system using a fluid coupling and Wilson self-changing
gearbox for buses and their flagship cars. By 1933 the system was used in all
new Daimler Lanchester and BSA vehicles produced by the group from
heavy commercial vehicles to small cars. It was soon extended to Daimler's
military vehicles. These couplings are described as constructed under VulcanSinclair and Daimler patents.
In 1939 General Motors Corporation introduced Hydramatic drive, the first
fully automatic automotive transmission system installed in a mass-produced
automobile. The Hydromantic employed a fluid coupling.

3.3 DYNAMO AND BATTERY CALCULATION

DYNAMO
Speed = 1500 rpm
Volts = 12 v
Watts = 18 w
If the dynamo rotates at 1500 rpm it will produce 6- 8 v

BATTERY CALCULATION:
BAH /CI = 8 ah/420ma
= 19 hrs
To find the Current
Watt = 18 w
Volt = 12v
Current =?
P= V x I
18 =12 x I
I = 18/12
= 1.5 AMPS

BATTERY USAGE WITH 1.5 AMPS


BAH /I
8/1.5 = 5.3 hrs

CHAPTER IV
DESIGN AND DRAWING

CHAPTER IV
DESIGN AND DRAWING
4.1. DRAWING FOR SPIAL WATER PUMP

CHAPTER V
WORKING PRINCIPLE

CHAPTER V
WORKING PRINCIPLE
As the wheel revolves each paddle in turn becomes submerged in the
water passing around it. Thus once per revolution each water
collector also dips into the water. Just after the water collector
passes the horizontal position and begins to rise, it takes in a "gulp"
of water - expelling air previously contained within it. When the
collector rises out of the canal it is full of water. This charge of
water runs back into the first spiral of the tube pump and is followed
by a charge of air. As it dips into the water, the collector picks up
another charge of water and the cycle is repeated. As the wheel
revolves a pressure head develops within each coil of the spiral
tube, water in the ascending coils being higher than in the
descending coils (see diagram). Cores of water contained in the
spiral compress air between them as they travel around the tube and
both water and air are expelled under pressure into the hollow axle
of the wheel. The water which is under pressure sure rises up the
pipe and this process is assisted by the compressed air which lifts
water above it in its attempt to escape through the pipe. The water is

discharged into the header tank in a series of bursts jets of water


being followed by jets of compressed air.
The height to which water can be pumped depends on the number of coils in
the spiral tube. As an example - a 2 meter diameter wheel can pump water up
to approximately 8 meters with 6 complete coils, the same wheel being able
to pump up to 6 meters with 4 complete coils and 4 meters with 2 complete
coils. For larger wheels where the diameter of the coils is nearly the same as
the diameter of the wheel an approximation can be made by multiplying the
diameter of the wheel by the number of coils. A 4 meter diameter wheel with
3 coils should be able to pump water up to a height of 12 meters. Te volume
of water pumped depends on the capacity of the spiral tube pump. Naturally,
the wheel will only pump water if there is sufficient energy in the canal to
turn the wheel against the weight of water held in the rising spiral tube and
this same power also generated from the spiral coil .The energies are stored
directly to the battery for power saving method .These two capabilities are
happening spiral tube of the continuous function .Both method working
without any external energy from outside of the function.
The head of water in each spiral varies through a cycle, with optimum
pressures being developed as the water load in the rising main reaches a
maximum. The volume of water pumped also depends on the speed of the

wheel as well as the capacity of the spiral tube. The wheel should not move
too fast however, as the effects of centrifugal force will have an influence and
may carry water over the head of the wheel, and break the essential air lock
between each core of water. The wheel could not pump water at all through
the spiral tube if the air locks did not exist. It is possible to fit a single
collector pipe and connect this to the axle through a single spiral tube. More
water can be pumped however, when two collectors are fitted to two spiral
tubes The exact arrangements may depend on whether more water is required
at a small head or less water is required but at a greater head
ADVANTAGES:

It is a Beautiful piece of alternative Technology.


Spiral water pumps can provide water up to 30 meters higher than the

river due to the system of compressed air in the spiral tubes.

The pumps provide water without the need for fuel or Electricity
which is very useful for poor rural communities.

Once established the pumps do not require any further investments.

The water pumps are easily constructed with flexible PVC tubing.

Overall the pump can be easily constructed with available local


resources.

Advanced power saving method following save energy to battery


system and it will help to most useful for further processes.

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