UP Manila Pharmacy Students' Digest Volume I - June 2016

Bea Katrina To
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Iris Patrisha Abigail Balutoc

Regina Martha Nueva
DIGEST EDITORS
Marian Caye Borreo

Zadkiel Velasquez
ART DIRECTORS
Ma. Ysabel Lyra Brual

PUBLICATION EDITOR
Joanna Orejola
ADVISER
It is with pride and honor that I present to you the

pilot issue of the UP Manila Pharmacy Students Digest.
This issue is released for the academic year 2015-2016
and comprises abstracts of the studies done in the UP
College of Pharmacy for the academic years 20132014 and 2014-2015. The research publication
features faculty researches, undergraduate theses
from the different departments, and special projects of
the undergraduate courses.
The team envisions this digest to catch the students
interest and make them aware of the recent
innovations and progress in the different fields of
pharmacy. We also hope that students and professors
use this not only during writing classes but also as a
tool to help them in their theses and other studies.
In behalf of the editorial and core team, I would like to
thank everyone who contributed in this issue: the
student and graduate researchers, as well as the
faculty and the staff who helped in collecting copies of
the abstracts. I would also like to acknowledge our
adviser, Ms. Joanna Orejola, for her continuous
guidance.
May there be persistent hunger for knowledge and
learning. Mabuhay Kolehiyo ng Parmasiya!
The cover represents the three departments

of UP Manila College of Pharmacy namely:
(from top to bottom) Department of
Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical
Chemistry, and Department of Industrial
Pharmacy. With the expertise of each
department, students are molded to become
excellent pharmacists, from science to
practice. (Zadkiel Velasquez, 2016)
Bea Katrina To
Editor-in-chief, UP Manila Pharmacy Students Digest
UPPhA Vice President, AY 2015-2016
PROLOGUE
For several decades, research has always been part of the academic requirements
of pharmacy education in any school of pharmacy in the country. With the
evolving changes in the pharmacy profession both at the national and global
settings, pharmacy education must appropriately respond to this dynamic call.
Documenting these evidences of change is another essential challenge!
A commendable and timely reaction to this challenge is this publication on UP
Manila Pharmacy Students Digest 2016, which is a two-year collection of
abstracts of researches conducted by students and faculty members of the UP
Manila College of Pharmacy. With this compiled report, I congratulate the brains
behind this worthwhile initiative! I believe that this student project is the first of
its kind at the College and is intended to benefit not only the future generation of
student researchers, but also meant to inspire faculty members and alumni to
advance further the scope, quality and application of researches in their
respective areas of professional practice. Every constituent of the College and
other stakeholders can utilize this important reference material for this purpose.
As part of the mandate of the University of the Philippines being a National
University and Research University, I am confident that our College can
contribute enormously to the enrichment of this research digest in succeeding
years through better quality translational researches, i,e., researches that are
responsive to the needs of pharmacy practice, innovative in methods and
technologies, and contributory to the enhancement of research capability and
productivity of pharmacy researchers.
I congratulate and thank everyone in the UPPhA Student Council who became
involved in accomplishing this important and useful learning resource.
Imelda G. Pea, RPh, DrPH

Professor and Dean
UP College of Pharmacy
MESSAGE FROM THE DEAN
F ACULTY/GRADUATE
RE S E ARCHES
(TITLES ONLY)
UNDERGRADUATE
RES EARCHES
(WITH ABSTRACTS)
Department of
Industrial Pharmacy
Department of
Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Ph Ch 137 Projects and Undergraduate Theses
Department of Pharmacy
20
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
31
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FACULTY/GRADUATE RESEARCHES
INVESTIGATOR Bienvenido S. Balotro

CO-INVESTIGATOR Jose Nevado
INVESTIGATOR Yolanda R. Robles

CO-INVESTIGATOR Monet M. Loquias, Francis R. Capule
INVESTIGATOR Levi Letlet H. Larcia II
INVESTIGATOR Jean Florida C. Casauay
I N V E S T I G A T O R S Joanna V. Toralba, Noel S. Quiming, Jocelyn SB Palacpac
I N V E S T I G A T O R S Joanna V. Toralba, Joanna J. Orejola, Ethel Andrea C. Ladignon
UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1
FACULTY/GRADUATE RESEARCHES
INVESTIGATORS Imelda G. Pea, Yolanda R. Robles
INVESTIGATOR Judilynn N. Solidum
INVESTIGATOR Bienvenido S. Balotro

CO-INVESTIGATORS Suzette Sagun, Cherry Lou A. Balita, Charissa
Mia Salud-Gnilo
INVESTIGATOR Margarita M. Gutierrez
INVESTIGATOR Bryan Paul I. Bulatao, Imelda G. Pea
DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL PHARMACY
of Arenga saccharifera Labill.

seed gum as tablet binder
of cardava banana peel powder as

disintegrant in orally disintegrating tablets
1 Evaluation
2 Evaluation
3 Validation
of cleaning procedures for the

laboratory equipment used in the
compounding of internal preparations at the
Philippine General Hospital compounding area
UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCHES
Department of Industrial Pharmacy
INVESTIGATORS
Roseval Concepcion, Clinton B. Gomez, Justine C. Urias
ABSTRACT New sources of natural polymers may provide pharmaceutical excipients that
possess economy of preparation, ready availability, non-toxicity, biodegradability, and eco-friendly
processing. Mature nuts of Arenga saccharifera Labill (Fam. Arecaceae), (syn. Arenga pinnata
Wurmb Merr), locally known as kaong ( sugar plum ), have been found to contain gum that may be
used as tablet binders. The gum from the endosperm was extracted, characterized, and formulated
to plain uncoated Paracetamol tablets to compare its binding property to that of Acacia gum and
polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). In-Process Quality Control tests of the granules revealed excellent
flow properties for A. saccharifera gum. Furthermore, greater amount of good granules were
obtained from the A. saccharifera gum, compared to the other two binders. The result of the
dissolution test showed tablets prepared using 5% A. saccharifera gum had a better release of the
drug compared to the tablets prepared using 5% acacia while tablets produced using 5% PVP
failed the test. In conclusion, the gum extracted from A. saccharifera nuts has satisfactory binding
properties and can be used as a binder in tablet formulations.
INVESTIGATORS
Shiela Marie P. Aninon, Rachel Anne P. Fernandez, Celica S.D. Mendoza
ABSTRACT Technological developments in tablet formulations are being pursued over the past
decades to allow for more patient-friendly dosage forms including orally disintegrating tablets (ODT)
which disintegrates when placed upon the tongue alone without the aid of water. This allows safe,
convenient and cost-effective delivery of drugs. This study evaluated the potential for use of the
peelings of Cardava banana, a common and commercially useful local fruit as superdisintegrant, the
excipient that allows for the rapid disintegrating feature of ODTs. The sample obtained from a local
market in Cavite was duly authenticated by the Botany Division of the National Museum. Extraction
was done on it and phytochemical screening and TLC analysis were performed in the extract. It was
also subjected to two-week pre-formulation studies prior to formulation with compatible excipients
where optimum extract concentration of the powder was determined. The powder was stable in all
temperatures tested. It was also stable upon exposure to sunlight and fluorescent light. Extreme
humidity at 45% and 90% render the powder unstable. The following excipients were found to be
compatible with the powder: mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, talc and magnesium stearate. All the
five trial formulations (F1-F5) of banana peel powder exhibited fast disintegration that is within 30
seconds and showed good water absorbing capacity with the optimum concentration determined to
be at 8% (F4). A standard formulation using crosspovidone as superdisintegrant was prepared at the
same concentration as the best trial formulation. It showed better water absorbing capacity but slower
disintegration and wetting time. Among the recommendations include removal of tannins,
optimization of mobile phase for thin layer chromatography and use of a suitable packaging system for
stability and multiple time quality control testing.
Department of Industrial Pharmacy
INVESTIGATORS
Charles Mandy G. Ayran, Janvin Jessel A. Cariscal, Karmella Marie S. Morano
ABSTRACT Policies and procedures in hospital pharmacies must be adequately defined and
implemented to minimize the hazards from the pharmaceutical products. The cleaning of
compounding equipment is an important procedure that must be validated. Cleaning validation aimed
to test if the cleaning procedure is effective in avoiding the transfer of the active pharmaceutical
ingredient (API) of a previous product compounded to the next product to be made. Validation master
plan (VMP) and cleaning validation protocol (CVP) were created to validate the efficiency of cleaning
procedures employed in the Philippine General Hospital - Compounding Area. The VMP stated the
general plan for the whole validation process while the CVP indicated the specific procedures to be
followed such as the sampling and the assay procedures. The validation process started with selection
of the worst-case marker compound, potassium chloride, which imposed the higher risk on patients
when it contaminates other products manufactured using the same laboratory equipment. The
equipment used for compounding internal preparations was sampled using swab and rinse method.
The samples obtained were analyzed for potassium chloride residue and compared to the previously
computed acceptance criteria. Based on the results of the assay, it can be concluded that the routine
cleaning procedure employed in the PGH for cleaning glassware and equipment for internal
preparations passed cleaning validation requirements, since the assay results of samples were within
the computed accepted criteria. However, the cleaning detergent used was found to contain triclosan,
an antibacterial ingredient, which has low water solubility and the continuous use of which has been
associated with development of bacterial resistance. This makes it a high-risk compound for transfer
to the next batch of product. It is therefore recommended to: (1) perform the determination of the
total organic carbon (TOC) to quantify the presence of residues of the cleaning agent. (2) consider
using detergents without antibacterial ingredients or even water alone, and (3) regularly change the
cleaning agent with detergents of different antimicrobial agents.
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY
1 An
exploratory study of the physicochemical

properties, quality parameters, and radical
scavenging activity of wild and bee farm honeys
harvested in the Philippines
2 Determination
of the antioxidant and

cytotoxic activities of the leaves of
Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco (Moraceae)
3 Evaluation
of the pharmacognostic profile and

in vitro alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity of
Chrysophyllum cainito L. leaves
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
INVESTIGATORS
Darien John Q. Rivera
Joanne Patricia C. Adriatico
Iris Patrisha Abigail C. Balutoc
Keisha Rae S. dela Cerna
Shaynne Laurice A. Demafiles
Mary Christenette Jackielane T. Figueroa
Donato D. Legaspi Jr.
Ena Elizabeth L. Naoe
Kristel Keith N. Nieva
Daryl G. Tabud
Ann Lorraine U. Te
Bea Katrina N. To
Charleen Joyce C. Usacdin
Loureen E. Utanes
Geovin Dexter C. Uy
Chelsea Lyn D. Valdez
Holijah T. Uy
ABSTRACT Honey has gained popularity as a natural home remedy in cough suppression as well as
pharmaceutical excipient, usually a binder, in the field of pharmacy. Due to increased honey demands,
beekeeping industry also reached its peak so the need for honey regulation for quality was therefore
acknowledged. In this study, quality of two honey samples from the wild and from a bee farm was assessed
using physicochemical tests, acid value, pH, International Honey Commission quality parameters such as
HMF and proline content, invertase and diastase number, and radical scavenging activity using the 1,1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) method. The wild honey conforms better to the individual tests
on quality while bee farm honey showed notably higher radical scavenging activity.
INVESTIGATORS
John Armand E. Aquino
Gabriele Pearl B. Canto
Bingle Mariangiola P. Capuno
Mary Camille A. Castillo
Angeli Therese F. Cruz
Geniffe Charmaine F. Din
Divina Gracia O. Lucero
Regina Victoria D. Morales

Maylan N. Ocat
Jamille Dyanne L. Pajarillo
Jane Mierial A. Pesigan
Jasmine Arielle C. Yap
Pia Margarette M. Yap
ABSTRACT Currently, there is a global trend of shifting to the use and research of natural resources for
anticancer and antioxidant agents, because of availability, cost and efficiency. However, in the Philippines,
only a few studies were conducted on these sources.
Artocarpus species (Fam. Moraceae), due to the presence of bioactive compounds, have been recently
studied for various pharmacological activities. Prenylated flavones and flavonoids are found to contribute
to its potential as chemotherapeutic agents. Also, antioxidant compounds reduce free radicals, which may
also lead to the cytotoxic properties of such compounds. Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco (Marang), a
member of this family, have been studied for phytochemical contents, antioxidant property, polyphenol
diversity and cytotoxic properties, which show its anticancer potential. But, most studies are limited only to
the fruit. Also, there are only few, if not none, which studies on the leaves. Thus, leaves of A. odoratissimus
were chosen to be studied. (continued on next page)
ABSTRACT (cont.) This study aims to characterize the leaves of A. odoratissimus leaves in terms of its
physical properties and bioactivity. Specifically, it aims to test for the cytotoxic and antioxidant properties,
to determine its moisture content, total ash content and total extractives through pharmacopeial assays, to
obtain the crude alkaloid extract via the Stas-Otto procedure, and to characterize the crude alkaloid extract
in terms of its solubility and boiling point. The crude extract showed antioxidant activities for both DPPH
and CUPRAC assays. For both assays, results are significantly less than that of the standard (p<0.05). Also,
crude extract showed cytotoxic activity for the brine shrimp lethality assay having LC50 of 1.08 mg/mL.
The crude alkaloid mixture obtained was characterized, however, did contain traces of pigment and was not
further purified.
INVESTIGATORS
Theresa Camille S. Tobillo
Tammy Anne B. Aguilar
Myrnel D. Almoradie
Jzamille Florenz G. Alvior
Ma. Veronica Z. Aranda
Nikki Francine D. Balde
Ranelle Lou C. Dorado
Rachel Anne A. Fernandez
Inah Felicia G. Lagmay

B. Kim Leileeni D. Maniquis
Celica S.D. Mendoza
Cheli Marie T. Mendoza
Paulo Martin L. Mendoza
Diana Dalisay A. Orolfo
Paula Angelica T. Ramos
ABSTRACT Diabetes is a common metabolic disease which affects both developed and developing
countries. In the Philippines, over four million people were diagnosed with it, making it the top eight cause
of mortality. One mechanism for its management is through the inhibition of the -glucosidase enzyme. In
this study, -glucosidase inhibition was screened in Chrysophyllum cainito L. (Family Sapotaceae) leaves, a
locally widespread plant used traditionally as leaf infusion for diabetes. Pharmacopeial assays of articles of
botanical origin were performed: total ash (14.15%); moisture content using azeotropic distillation (11.52%)
and gravimetric method (8.74%); alcohol-soluble extractives (hot = 160.63 mg/g; cold = 175.50 mg/g); and
water-soluble extractives (hot = 225.86 mg/g; cold = 141.76 mg/g). Through phytochemical screening,
carbohydrates, anthraquinone glycosides, phenolic glycosides, and alkaloids were found to be present in
the crude ethanolic extract of the leaves. Upon fractionation using Kupchan partitioning, carbohydrates
were detected in both the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions; anthraquinone glycosides in all fractions;
phenolic glycosides in the ethyl acetate fraction; and alkaloids in the water fraction. The -glucosidase
inhibition bioassay results of the extract and fractions showed that strong activity was present in the crude
extract (IC50 = 88.70 g/mL), which was further concentrated in the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50 = 54.09
g/mL). Thin layer chromatography using optimized mobile phases of 95% Hexane: Ethyl Acetate: Acetic
Acid (35:65:1) and 95% Hexane: Ethyl Acetate (25:75) for the crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction,
respectively, revealed blue- and purple-colored spots after spraying with vanillin-sulfuric acid TS, which
may be indicative of terpenoids. Thus, compounds suspected for the activity include carbohydrates,
anthraquinone glycosides, phenolic glycosides, and terpenoids. To further confirm the presence of these
compounds, it is recommended to conduct phytochemical testing for terpenoids, as well as to employ other
confirmatory spray reagents like 0.5% methanolic magnesium acetate, 5% methanolic potassium hydroxide
and borax solution.
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

-Glucosidase inhibitory activity screening
and enzyme inhibition assay-guided
fractionation of selected plants from Mt.
Isarog, Camarines Sur, Philippines
1
11
Antifertility effect of turmeric (Cucurma

longa Linn.) rhizome ethanolic extracts on
female mice
16
11
16
Characterization and antibacterial property

evaluation of two marine microorganisms
isolated from Hyrtios erecta sponge
Chromatographic determination of
ceftriaxone in the wastewater of a tertiary
hospital in Metro Manila
4
12
12
Cytotoxicity assay-guided fractionation of
Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae)
Determination of antibiotic residue in

chicken meat using modified four plate test
and thin layer chromatography
bioautography
Determination of antioxidant properties of
Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (Moraceae)
seeds
17
Development of thin layer chromatography

bioautographic determination of glucosidase inhibition activity of
17
Lagerstroemia speciosa
Evaluation of the antiangiogenic activity of

rambutan pericarp (Nephelium lappaceum
Linne [Sapindaceae]) using chorioallantoic
membrane assay and image analysis
9
15
Identification and evaluation of the

antimicrobial activities of the two marine
microorganisms isolated from Hyrtios
erecta sponge
14
18
Molluscicidal activity and bioassayguided fractionation of crude extracts of

Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae)
against Oncomelania quadrasi
15
18
14
Fractionation of the antioxidant and

hepatoprotective components of
Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae)
fruits and leaves
13
14
Fractionation of the antibacterial

components of Citrus aurantifolia
Swingle (Rutaceae) fruit extracts
12
13
An exploratory study on the effect of

commercially available lagundi (Vitex
negundo L.) on the antiepileptic activity
and cognitive function impairment of
phenytoin in mice
11
12
Exploratory study on the effect of

antioxidants and chelating agents on the
stability of mupirocin 2% ointment
formulation using forced degradation
10
Screening for the anti-angiogenic

activity of selected Philippine medicinal
plants using chorioallantoic membrane
assay
16
19
INVESTIGATORS
Jamaica Roanne V. Briones, Myzylyn L. Lee, Justine Arnold L. Lu
ABSTRACT The study involves the assay of twenty plant samples obtained from Mt. Isarog Natural Park
last July 2009. The dried leaves of each of the plant sample were subjected to ethanolic maceration with
shaking which were then filtered and dried using a rotary evaporator. Phytochemical test via thin-layer
chromatography using spray reagents as detectors of secondary metabolite was performed. Most of the
plants samples were found to have flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones, indoles, terpenes and sugars. Initial
-glucosidase inhibition assay was then performed on all of the samples with three concentrations, and the
plant samples with the highest percent inhibition were found to be Hyptis suaveolens, Homalomena
philippinensis and Mimosa pudica with mean percent inhibitions of 88.76 + 1.36%, 88.53 + 0.18%, and
77.06 + 3.84% respectively. Mimosa pudica was selected to be partially fractionated using modified
Kupchan method. A second -glucosidase inhibition assay was performed on the fractions of Mimosa
pudica, and it was observed that all of the fractions had over 90% inhibition. This may indicate that the
concentration of the fractions were already at the saturation point. It can be concluded from the results of
the fractionation that the constituents weren't efficiently separated by the method.
INVESTIGATORS
Zarina Joselle Alimagno, Haniah Marohomsalic, Ann Charmaine Santos
ABSTRACT Curcuma longa Linn. (Fam. Zingiberaceae) is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant
widely distributed in the Philippines. It has diverse traditional uses in which the curcuminoids present in the
rhizomes can act as antifertility agent. This exploratory study aimed to evaluate antifertility activity of
Curcuma longa Linn. rhizome ethanolic extracts on female mice. C. longa rhizomes were subjected to
extraction using ethanol as the solvent. The extract obtained was then qualitatively characterized through
phytochemical screening and thin layer chromatography. The extract was further divided for the three
treatment groups with doses 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg BW/day and was compared to the negative (10%
Tween 20) and positive (Ethinyl estradiol-Levonorgestrel) control groups. The doses were administered for
10 days after which the female mice were allowed to mate and undergo gestation period. Relative organ
weights and pregnancy ratios were determined to assess the success in preventing pregnancy of the
extracts. Basis pregnancy ratio included macroscopic and histologic examination of the reproductive organs
of the female mice. Qualitative analyses revealed the possible presence of curcuminoids detected through
the presence of characteristic three yellow spots in all visualization techniques done daylight inspection,
UV light (254 and 365 nm) and through its antioxidant property using DPPH spray. Assessment for
success in preventing mice pregnancy also revealed the antifertility effect of the extracts through the
following findings: (1) 1000 mg/kg dose has a significantly lower relative organ weight than the negative
control group and (2) all three doses used 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg have 0% pregnancy ratio as
compared with 67% and 0% pregnancy ratio of the negative and positive control groups, respectively. Signs
of toxicity were also observed on the 500 and 1000 mg/kg doses used. The crude rhizome ethanolic
extract of C. longa exhibited antifertility effect in all three treatment doses used. However, beginning at
500 mg/kg dose, signs of toxicity were already observed. Further studies are needed to establish toxicity
profile and minimum effective dose of Curcuma longa Linn.
11
INVESTIGATORS
Patrixia Camille A. Dimalanta, Bernadette Claire D. Pelayo, Marjorie Anne S. Sierra
ABSTRACT Two marine microorganisms, designated as 613B and P271-W-I-B, were isolated by the
Marine Science Institute of the University of the Philippines Diliman from Hyrtios erecta sponge collected
from Romblon and Pangasinan islands, respectively. These two marine microorganisms were cultured in
both ISP2 and R2A media, and were characterized based on their morphological, cultural and biochemical
characteristics. Both 613B and P271-W-I-B were gram-negative, non-acid fast microorganisms with a
surrounding capsule but incapable of forming a sponge. Both marine microorganisms in the two media
showed consistent cultural characteristics and both were capable of hydrolyzing casein in milk, fermenting
carbohydrates with the evolution of slightly acidic product, utilizing citrate, and producing gelatinase,
hydrogen sulfide, and catalase. Upon characterization, the secondary metabolites of 613B and P271-W-I-B
in both media were extracted using column chromatography, yielding four extracts and were evaluated for
their antibacterial properties against test pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and
Klebsiella pneumoniae through colorimetric broth microdilution using Corning 96-well plate. In the
antibacterial assay, extracts of 613B cultured in both media were more effective than extracts of P271-WI-B against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. None of the four extracts showed
significant inhibition in the bacterial growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
INVESTIGATORS
Robelle Angela M. Benemerito, Jeff D. Matienzo
ABSTRACT The large consumption of antibiotics and its subsequent introduction or excretion in the
environment had posed serious health and ecological concerns. Despite this, there had been limited
research efforts in the Philippines which focus on this problem, hence there was a need for further studies.
This study focused on detecting and analyzing the presence of an antibiotic in the wastewater of a tertiary
hospital in Metro Manila using solid phase extraction (SPE) and high performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC). Results of the study showed that Ceftriaxone, the target antibiotic - based on dispensing
frequency, total dose dispensed and elimination half-life as basis for ecotoxicity - were detected at levels
6.64 to 10.32 ug/mL. These values are deemed detectable and quantifiable based on the limit of detection
(LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) values of 0.61 ug/mL and 1.86ug/mL, respectively.
INVESTIGATORS
Johmel P. Sijas, Jerson Jerick N. Taguibao, Kate Angeline G. Tan
ABSTRACT Jatropha curcas L., or tubang bakod is a multipurpose shrub of the family Euphorbiaceae
with a variety of agricultural, industrial and therapeutic utilities, while reports of acute toxicity have also
been documented. The current study illustrates its promise as a source of cytotoxic drug with the three
assays performed in conjunction with modified Kupchan fractionation. Initial in vitro cell susceptibility test
confirmed the activity of extracts and fractions of leaves, stem bark, and roots. (continued on next page)
12
ABSTRACT (cont.) The brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality assay identified the following fractions
with appreciable activity: water fraction of leaf extracts (LW), dichloromethane and hexane fractions and
crude extracts of stem bark (SD, SH and SC), and all five fractions and crude extract of roots (RW, RM, RB,
RD, RH and RC). Among these, the dichloromethane and hexane fractions of stem bark extracts (SD and
SH) possess the highest activity with mean IC of 0.0753 ug/ml and 1.4272 ug/mL determined by in vitro
96-well MTT assay of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (n=595 nm). Partial characterization by phytochemical
screening strongly indicates that J. curcas glycosides, alkaloids, polyphenols and saponins are responsible
for the cytotoxic activity. Further investigation to isolate the compounds responsible, to determine their
mechanism, and to delineate between the safety and toxicity of J. curcas are recommended in order to
evaluate its possibility for human use.
INVESTIGATORS
Alexander S. Basada, Michelle Nadine A. Namoro, Anna Kamille C. Taotao
ABSTRACT Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), recognized as a health hazard by the World Health
Organization, is a growing concern worldwide. The irrational use of antibiotics to sustain the supply of
food-producing animals (e.g. pigs, poultry) contributes to the occurrence of antibiotic residues in food
products. In the Philippines, the National Meat Inspection Service (NMIS) regulates the quality of livestock
products; however, only through a crude qualitative screening method. This study aims to determine and
identify the classes of antibiotic residues present in chicken meat sold in Manila City using a modified Four
Plate Test (FPT); moreover, to describe chemically the extracted compounds. Chicken meat samples
(mixture of breast and leg) deboned and frozen in portions, were randomly collected from the six districts of
Manila City. Samples were extracted using Na2EDTA-Mcilvaine buffer, 90% acetonitrile (n-hexane
saturated), 0.2 M and 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer solutions. Corresponding extracts were subjected
to modified FPT to determine the presence of penicillin/tetracycline (Plate A), sulphonamides (Plate B),
aminoglycosides (Plate C), and macrolide/penicillin (Plate D) residues, respectively. Fresh methanolic,
Na2EDTA-Mcilvaine, and 0.2 M potassium phosphate buffer extracts were obtained and subjected to
chemical identification test, Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC), bioautography under Plate A conditions.
Modified FPT results showed significant zones of inhibition (ZOI) for five (Districts 1, 2, 3, 5, 6) out of six
samples in Plate A, and one sample each for Plates B (District 6), C (District 5), and D (District 3). The
retardation factors (Rf) values obtained from the methanolic extracts (S1, 2, 3 0.81; S5, 6 0.76)
exhibited similarity with the fluoroquinolone standards (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin 0.71 0.74). Results
showed that the modifications in the FPT method are effective in screening antibiotic residues in chicken
meat; furthermore, results have shown that tetracyclines is the most frequently occurring drug class of
antibiotic residues. However, upon chemical tests, tetracyclines do not appear to be present. TLC results
suggest the presence of other compounds with a polarity similar to the fluoroquinolone standards.
Bioautography results have shown that the FPT classification of antibiotic residues in chicken meat should
not be considered as a definitive proof in determining the classes of antibiotic residues. It is recommended
to conduct further studies in order to substantiate the findings; furthermore, the use of other methods of
chemical characterization is suggested in order to identify and quantify the antibiotic residues found in
chicken meat.
13
INVESTIGATORS
Norraine Krissandra N. Alambra, Mark F. Kua, Ronalie Kates B. Paguio
ABSTRACT Antioxidants are necessary to counteract the negative effects of reactive oxygen species.
Natural sources of antioxidants may serve as alternatives to synthetic antioxidants, which are known to be
carcinogenic. One potential source of antioxidants is langka or Artocarpus heterophyllus La. (Fam.
Moraceae). The parts of this plant extensively studied are the roots, fruit, leaves and bark. The seeds, on the
other hand, were investigated in this study for its antioxidant activity. This study aimed to determine the
antioxidant property of langka seeds. Specifically, it aimed to determine the free radical scavenging activity,
reducing property, and lipid peroxidation inhibition property, to determine if the extract exhibits dosedependent activity, to compare the activity, to compare the activities to that of Trolox, and to compare the
activities of the ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts. In determining the antioxidant property, the
ethanolic (EE) and hydroethanolic extracts (HE) were subjected to DPPH assay, CUPRAC assay, and lipid
peroxidation inhibition assay specifically TBARS assay. Data analysis was done using GraphPad Prism
(a=0.05). Both extracts exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant activity in all assays having a coefficient of
determination greater than 0.9500. For the free radical scavenging activity and reducing property, the
ethanolic extract showed greater activity compared to the hydroethanolic extract (PEE< 0.0001 PHE<
0.0001). No significant difference in lipid peroxidation inhibition activity was found between the ethanolic
and hydroethanolic extracts (p=0.3755). Both the ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts had lower
antioxidant activity compared to Trolox. The ethanolic extract was shown to be more potent than the
hydroethanolic extract in terms of free radical scavenging and reducing ability. In the TBARS assay, there
was no significant difference in the activities of both extracts. The free radicals scavenging, reducing and
lipid peroxidation inhibition properties of both extracts were lower than that of Trolox. The antioxidant
activity of the seeds may be attributed to the presence of polyphenols, especially flavonoids, as shown to
be present in the seeds. These compounds also are known antioxidants. Linear dose-dependent activities
were observed in all extracts.
INVESTIGATORS
Charissa Amiera M. Abe, Meji Anthony, Norman Rae Villarete
ABSTRACT Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. (Lythraceae), known as banaba, has been used as a folk
medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. One of the mechanisms to be accounted for its
hypoglycaemic effect is through inhibition of the -glucosidase enzyme. The aim of this study is to develop
a TLC bioautographic method of separation of components and localization of -glucosidase inhibitory
activity of the banaba leaf extract. The following solvent systems were used in the optimization: hexaneethyl acetate-acetic acid, hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-acetic acid, chloroform-acetone, DCM-methanol,
and ethyl acetate-methanol; and the following assay conditions were modified for the optimization of TLC
-glucosidase inhibition assay: order and manner of application of reaction solutions to TLC plate,
incubation time, and sample and reaction solution concentrations. (continued on next page)
14
ABSTRACT (cont.) The best chromatograms were produced using the following solvents: hexane-ethyl
acetate-acetic acid for crude ethanolic extract, hexane fraction, and DCM fraction; hexane-ethyl acetatemethanol-acetic acid for ethyl acetate fraction; and ethyl acetate-methanol for the water fraction; and
optimum assay conditions were found to be the following: manual dipping of the plates, face-down, to the
reaction solutions in the following order: substrate, enzyme, and chromogenic agent; incubation period of
15 min at 30-35C; and concentrations 2 U/mL -glucosidase, 1 mg/mL 2-naphthyl--D-glucopyranoside,
1.5 mg/mL FBS, and 1 mg/mL sample solutions. The crude extract produced zones of inhibition found at
the point of application and at Rf 0.11; the water fraction at the point of application, and the ethyl acetate
fraction at the point of application and at Rf 0.33. The assay has proved to be beneficial in detecting
antidiabetic property of compounds in complex matrices such as plant extracts, thus, may be useful in the
earlier part of drug discovery for compounds with antidiabetic property.
INVESTIGATORS
Pauline Joyce A. Aguirre, Abonie Jane T. Gutierrez, Brian Andrich T. Pollo
ABSTRACT
Objectives Angiogenesis is one of the valid therapeutic approaches to cancer, a disease that is a major
cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As such, this study aims to evaluate the antiangiogenic activity
of rambutan using Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay.
Methods Dried pericarp of ripe red rambutan was macerated in methanol. The resulting crude extract
was dried to vacuum to obtain yield from dry weight before resuspending in methanol. The resuspended
solution was further separated by solvent-solvent extraction in the following order: water, butanol and
chloroform . Each fraction, together with the crude methanol extract, subjected to phytochemical
screening. The fractions were applied using dises on 3-day old ex ovo chorioallantoic membranes (CAM) for
24 hours. Picture of CAM were taken before and after application of test samples. Images were analyzed
using ImageJ software to determine the difference in average vessel diameter and fractal dimension. The
results were compared to a negative control.
Result and Discussion Yield of crude methanol extract was 50.0g from a dried pericarp weight of
701.50g. The crude methanol extract had the highest inhibition of both vessel diameter (86.43%) and
fractal dimension (18.86%) which were much higher than that of the negative control. The aqueous fraction
had the inhibition of both average vessel diameter (80.96%) and fractal dimension (11.55%) among the
fractions. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, and tannins in all
extracts. Flavonoids were present in the chloroform fraction. Terpenoid and quinones were present in the
butanol fraction.
Conclusion and Recommendations The extract of rambutan exhibited antiangiogenic activity. It is
recommended that the antiangiogenic activity. It is recommended that the antiangiogenic activity of
rambutan be confirmed using more trials and different concentrations and using other antiangiogenic assay.
15
INVESTIGATORS
Amelyn Alexie K. Gan, Martin Pe Benito, Jan Ynav T. Quiz
ABSTRACT This study investigated the stability of mupirocin in commercially available mupirocin 2%
ointment formulations and in mixtures with antioxidants (Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) and Vitamin E)
and chelating agent (EDTA) using forced degradation. Control preparation of mupirocin 2% ointment and
sample mixtures of mupirocin: BHT, mupirocin;Vitamin E; mupirocin:EDTA, mupirocin:BHT-EDTA, and
mupirocin:Vitamin E-EDTA were formulated and subjected to each of the different forced degradation
conditions: thermal (dry heat at 100C for 5 hours), oxidative (1 mL of 10% hydrogen peroxide for 3 hours),
and acid hydrolytic (0.1 mL of 0.1 N HCl for 30 minutes). These mixtures were subjected to High
Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for quantitative determination of mupirocin and separation of
degradation products. Mupirocin in 2% ointment formulation was found to be relatively stable in thermal
degradation conditions (maximum degradation of 7.92% and absence of observable degradation products).
On the other hand, it has shown susceptibility to oxidative (maximum degradation of 24.33% and presence
of four degradation products) and acid hydrolytic conditions (maximum degradation of 84.33% and
presence of two degradation products). Across the oxidative and acid hydrolytic degradation conditions
utilized in the study, all of the sample mixtures exhibited a decrease in mupirocin content relative to the
control preparation. The added antioxidants and chelating agents had not introduced degradation
pathways. It can be deduced that the ability of antioxidants to protect polyethylene glycol does not
necessarily correlate with lessened mupirocin degradation.
INVESTIGATORS
Mark M. Gutierrez, Andrew M. Redimano, Michael Imran I. Rodriguez
ABSTRACT Vitex negundo L., commonly known as lagundi, is one of the ten medicinal herbs endorsed by
the Department of Health for the relief of mild to moderate cough and mild to moderate bronchospasm
and is available in different dosage forms, including syrup, tablet, and capsule. Lagundi has been known to
also possess antiepileptic properties. Picrotoxin induced seizures experimental model was used to study the
effect of commercially available lagundi on the antiepileptic activity of phenytoin. While the Beam walking
assay was used to study the effect of commercially available lagundi on the cognitive function impairment
of phenytoin. The commercially available lagundi was administered orally in increasing doses (50 mg/kg.
150 mg/kg, 450 mg/kg p.o.) in both the assessment of antiepileptic activity and cognitive function
impairment. The effects were evaluated with phenytoin at 20 mg/kg dose in antiepileptic activity studies
and 50 mg/kg in cognitive function impairment studies. The commercially available lagundi syrup, when
concomitantly used with phenytoin, at its maximum therapeutic dose (50 mg/kg) was found to have no
significant antiepileptic activity. moreover, at this dose, the commercially available lagundi syrup has
significant cognitive function impairment. (continued on next page)
16
ABSTRACT (cont.) This indicates that commercially available lagundi (at maximum therapeutic dose).
concomitantly administered with phenytoin, does not alter the antiepileptic activity of phenytoin but can
worsen its dose-related side effect, which is cognitive motor function impairment. Doses higher than the
maximum therapeutic dose of commercially available lagundi syrup (150 mg/kg and 450 mg/kg)
administered concomitantly with phenytoin shows a significant increase in the antiepileptic activity,
however at these doses there is significant cognitive motor function impairment. The results obtained could
aid the profession in the proper medication use and optimizing drug therapy by considering herbal
preparations as alternatives and/or adjuncts.
INVESTIGATORS
Vincent Avestruz, Limuel Gutierrez, Vince Lambert Padilla
ABSTRACT In the Philippines, the use of herbal medicine as remedy for diseases are still common; among
these herbal medicines is Citrus aurantifolia. Previous studies have shown that the fruit extracts of C.
aurantifolia exhibits antibacterial property. Therefore, the study aimed to isolate and characterize the fractions
responsible for the antibacterial activity of C. aurantifolia extracts through fractionation via modified Kupchan
method, phytochemical screening, antimicrobial testing using agar plate diffusion, agar dilution assay, and TLC
bioautography, and to establish a TLC profile of the extract. Obtained results have shown that plant acids,
glycosides and flavonoids present in the fruit extract. Upon fractionation and antimicrobial testing, it was found
that the ethyl acetate fraction (1mg/disc) exhibited the greatest antimicrobial property with greater activity
against gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis and S. aureus) than the gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and P. vulgaris).
The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the ethyl acetate fraction is more than 1mg as deduced from
the agar dilution assay. The Thin Layer Chromatography optimization of the crude extract and ethyl acetate
fraction led to the use of ethyl acetate: n-hexane: glacial acetic acid (5:4:1) as the appropriate solvent system for
both the TLC of C. aurantifolia crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction. Results from the bioautography have
shown that the zones of inhibition can also be observed for the S. aureus culture. This suggests that the
compound responsible for the antimicrobial activity is most likely a mid-polar flavonoid.
INVESTIGATORS
Earnest Kaiser Q. Dela Cruz, James P. Jimenez
ABSTRACT Averrhoa carambola L. from the family Oxalidaceae is a perennial plant easily cultivated in
tropical and subtropical climates. It has diverse traditional uses which stems from the presence of antioxidants in
fruits which can act as hepatoprotective agents.
Objectives This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of the fractions of
Averrhoa carambola L., Fam. Oxalidaceae (Common Name: Balimbing) fruits and leaves.
Methodology Averrhoa carambola L. fruits and leaves were subjected to extraction and modified Kupchan
partitioning using ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, n=hexane and methanolic solution as solvents for
fractionation. The obtained fractions were then subjected to phytochemical screening and in vitro DPPH assay.
The fractions exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity was then subjected to in vivo liver enzyme assay with
gross and histopathological analysis of liver samples. (continued on next page)
17
Results Phytochemical analysis detected flavonoids in the aqueous fruit and leaf fractions, which had the
highest antioxidant activities among others. The aqueous fruit fraction exhibited hepatoprotective activity
which is not significantly different with that of n-acetylcysteine (positive control)while the aqueous leaf did not.
Conclusion and Recommendations The aqueous fractions of both the fruits and leaves exhibited the
highest free radical scavenging activities among all the fractions. The activities of the above mentioned
fractions were further evaluated for their ability to protect the liver from acetaminophen-induced
hepatotoxicity and the aqueous fruit fraction demonstrated hepatoprotective activity against acetaminophen.
It is recommended to revalidate the results of the liver enzyme levels of Treatment Group C, to strengthen the
conclusion of the study. Further fractionation of the aqueous fruit fraction is also recommended to isolate the
possible compounds responsible for the detected activities.
INVESTIGATORS
Ma. Anita Isabel P. Gonzales, Rachelle Louise M. Luistro, Blesille Ann C. Valencia
ABSTRACT Two marine microorganisms, designated as 613B and P271-W-I-B, were isolated by the
Marine Science Institute (MSI) of the University of the Philippines Diliman from Hyrtios erecta sponge
collected from the province of Romblon and Pangasinan respectively. These two marine microorganisms
were identified using their 16S rRNA gene sequences and were determined to belong to genus
Pseudomonas (613B) and Alcaligenes (P271-W-I-B). Methanolic extracts of the two microorganisms were
evaluated for their antifungal activity against Candida albicans. High doses of 613B extracts showed
significant inhibitory activity and was comparable to the antibiotic standard, Amphotericin B. P271-W-I-B,
on the other hand, showed inhibitory activities in different concentrations though were not significant.
Open column chromatography was utilized to obtain fractions of P271-W-I-B extracts that were pooled
and tested for antibacterial activity. From the six fractions, those eluted from the hexane:ethyl acetate (1:4)
solvent system had the highest inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus.
INVESTIGATORS
Krishelle Anne M. Obispo, Ihris Jay B. Terrado, Ma. Krystle Marianne C. Yap
ABSTRACT The seed, leaf, and bark of Annona squamosa L. (Fam. Annonaceae) were screened for
molluscicidal activity, using the molluscicidal bioassay against Oncomelania quadrasi. The crude aqueous
extract of the bark among the six extracts, exhibited molluscicidal activity at the concentration of 0.1 g/L.
The % mortality of the O. quadrasi showed an increasing trend as the concentration of the crude aqueous
bark extract is increased. The crude aqueous bark extract was subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation
using modified Kupchan Partitioning resulting to aqueous, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol fractions. Of
the four solvent fractions, the aqueous fraction showed the highest molluscicidal activity with % mortality
reaching up to 50%. Tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids were found in the aqueous fraction of the crude
aqueous bark extract, which may be the responsible compound that contributed to its molluscicidal activity.
The results suggest that A. squamosa may be used as a potential molluscicidal agent against O.quadrasi for
the eradication of schistosomiasis.
18
INVESTIGATORS
Jobelle E. Camposano, Gerwin Louise T. Dela Torre, Jaybee G. Laxamana
ABSTRACT Three medicinal plants, namely Quisqualis indica L. (Fam. combretaceae), Carmona retusa
(Vahl.) Masam (Fam. Boraginaceae) and Peperomia pellucida (L.) HBK (Fam. Piperaceae) were screened for
their anti-angiogenic activity, using ex ovo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay on duck eggs. The crude
methanol extract of all three plants exhibited anti-angiogenic potential, with the highest percent inhibition
of blood vessel formation observed in Carmona retusa (49.92+1.53%). The crude methanol extract of
Carmona retusa was subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation, resulting to n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl
acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions. Of the five solvent fractions, n-hexane fraction showed the
highest inhibitory activity with 40.29+2.44%. The percent inhibition of plant extracts and solvent fractions
were compared from that of quercetin (60.24+3.43%), a known anti-angiogenic agent, and showed that the
antiangiogenic activity of quercetin is more effective than that of the plant extracts and solvent fractions.
Alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenols, tennis, and sterols were found in the crude methanol extract of Carmona
retusa, which may be the responsible secondary metabolites that contributed to its anti-angiogenic activity.
The results suggest that Carmona retusa may be used as a potential source of anti-angiogenic agent for the
treatment of angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
19
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY
21
21
Assessment of antibiotic use among

residents of Paco, Manila
1
Assessment of health literacy of adult

residents within Sampaloc, Manila
25
The business feasibility of the

establishment of an on-campus
pharmacy at the University of the
Philippines Manila
25
22
Cost-analysis of the prescribing

patterns on the management of gouty
arthritis in a Level 2 hospital from
2009 to 2013
26
Development of pharmacist's
counseling guide, flipchart and booklet
for patient with hypertension
27
23
Development of a pharmacy
counseling tool for parents of schoolage asthma patients in the Philippines
Evaluation of medication use in
elderly hospitalized patients in a
private tertiary hospital
7
24
Evaluation of pharmacy internship

programs among pharmacy schools in
Metro Manila, Philippines
28
Retrospective review of medication

therapy prescribed among admitted
hypertensive patients with diabetes
mellitus type 1 or type 2 in a tertiary level
private hospital in Metro Manila,
Philippines
A technical feasibility study on the
establishment of an on-campus pharmacy
in the University of the Philippines Manila
Use and perceptions of the University of
the Philippines students and faculty on
social networking sites, online learning
tools and university virtual learning
environment
14
29
24
A pilot study on electronic health record

use in the community pharmacy setting
11
13
23
Perceptions of healthcare providers in

Manila towards immunizing pharmacists
10
12
22
Perceptions and expectations of medical

doctors and nurses in Metro Manila on
roles of pharmacists as health professionals
9
The use of cough and cold medicines

among filipino households of Barangay
Tandang Sora, Quezon City
15
29
INVESTIGATORS
Karla Joyce Badong, Bart David Quibod, Irizh-Lyn Sampang
ABSTRACT Several studies were done worldwide regarding antimicrobial resistance which pointed
antibiotic use as its leading cause. In the Philippines however, limited publishes studies regarding the use of
antibiotics exist. This study assessed the antibiotic use of Paco, Manila residents. Variables such as
demographic factors, antibiotic use, knowledge about antibiotic use, sources of information, and awareness
about antimicrobial resistance were identified and described. Relationship of demographic factors with
antibiotic use and knowledge about antibiotic use were also explored. A self-administered questionnaire
was distributed among the residents of the different barangays of Paco, Manila. Results of the study
showed that the most commonly used antibiotic was amoxicillin and antibiotics were commonly used for
upper respiratory infections. The most common dosage form of antibiotics they used was capsule and
drugstores were the common source of antibiotics. Most of the respondents took antibiotics after meals,
with water, and until the time/regimen instructed by the prescriber. Also, most of them bought all the
medicines prescribed to them. The respondents usually stop taking the drug and consult their doctor when
they think that the antibiotic drug they were taking was not effective and/or when they experience
undesirable effects from it. Excess antibiotics were usually kept and used again when illness/condition
returns or thrown away to waste bin. Furthermore, majority take antibiotics to prevent illness do not base
their antibiotic use on their own decision, and encourage their relatives to take antibiotics. Although
majority of the respondents are well aware of antimicrobial resistance, a lot of them had wrong knowledge
about the indications and risks of antibiotics which may contribute to antimicrobial resistance. This
necessitates the need for pharmacists to be more proactive in the provision of medicine information.
INVESTIGATORS
Maria Carla Q. Aleria, Kirsten Nicole C. Batac, Hennessy E. David
ABSTRACT Health literacy has been a constant area of interest especially among highly developed
nations. Several studies have been done in developed countries to measure functional health literacy and
determine factors that affect it across various populations. However there is limited data regarding health
literacy in developing countries. This study aimed to evaluate the health literacy of adult residents within
Sampaloc, Manila. A total of 385 respondents were asked to answer health literacy assessment tools.
Associations between sociodemographic characteristics and health literacy were determined using both
parametric and nonparametric statistical tests. Results revealed mean scores of 5.72 (SD=1.84) which
implies at risk for poor word recognition health literacy, and 1.59 (SD=1.50) which indicates high likelihood
of limited numeracy and comprehension health literacy. Word recognition health literacy was significantly
associated with sociodemographic characteristic specifically education, annual family income, civil status,
employment status, and health insurance status. Similarly, numeracy and comprehension health literacy was
influenced by education, annual family income, civil status, employment status, health insurance status and
age. Mean self-perceived health literacy score was 14.45 (SD=2.69), indicating marginal health literacy. The
self-perceived health literacy scores were positively correlated with performance-based health scores. Low
health literacy scores can imply decreased understanding of medications and disease conditions, poor
medication adherence and increased miscommunication of health care provider and the patient.
21
INVESTIGATORS
Holymn Faith Buan, Margarita Rasalan, Dana Louise Soriano
ABSTRACT Establishing an on-campus pharmacy which embodies modern and global pharmacy practice
standards is a significant step towards providing patient-oriented health care service in the community. In
this study, the overall business feasibility of the establishment of such on-campus pharmacy was
determined by accomplishing the three (3) important parts of the study: (1) Marketing Plan, (2) Operations
Management Plan and (3) Financial Plan. For the marketing plan, a survey was conducted on 386
respondents comprising of random passers-by in the vicinity of Pedro Gil, and UPM-PGH students and
employees to determine the demographics and customers preference of the target market. Another survey
under the marketing plan was conducted on five (5) competing nearby community pharmacies investigate
on various aspects of pharmacy operations. Key informant interviews on four (4) faculty stakeholders and
three (3) pharmacy business experts were done to develop the last part of the marketing plan which is the
marketing strategy and the rest of the operations management plan. As for the financial plan, projected
start-up cost and monthly recurring cost were calculated and financial statements were prepared through
consultations with an accountant. Based on the results of various investigations done, it was concluded that
the establishment of an on-campus pharmacy in the University of the Philippines Manila is feasible in the
business and financial perspective.
INVESTIGATORS
Shasta Daisy V. Triumfante, Amira Venida, Christine Jo Ann M. Zuiga
ABSTRACT Gout is the most prevalent form of arthritis affecting Filipinos. However, despite the
existence of the Philippine Clinical Practice Guidelines (PCPG) for the Management of Gout, existing
literature states that poor adherence to the existing quality indicators for the treatment of gout has been
observed among physicians. Compliance to the existing clinical practice guidelines may help address this
issue but there is a lack of studies on the economic impact of these guidelines on the management of gout.
A review of medical records from 2009-2013 was performed in a Level 2 Government hospital to
determine the compliance of physicians to the existing PCPG for gout. Results showed low rates of
compliance among prescriber for both acute (23.1%) and chronic gout (14.3%). The prescription of a drug
not recommended in the PCPG was the most common type of non-compliance for acute gout (83.3%) while
the prescription of an inappropriate drug was the most common type of chronic gout (40.0%). The
economic implication of the prevailing drug prescribing patterns was assessed by determining the
cumulative differences between the standard PCPG drug costs and the actual drug costs. An increase in
total drug costs was noted. The low rates of prescriber compliance may reflect poor utilization of the
clinical practical guidelines. A higher compliance to the PCPG could have minimized unnecessary additional
costs. A review and update of the PCPG could be beneficial because the current version does not include
newer anti-gout drugs and some of the recommendations are not specific.
22
INVESTIGATORS
Prince Mark F. Ocsan, Holijah T. Uy
ABSTRACT Hypertension remains to be a major health problem both in the world and here in the
Philippines. Globally, it contributes to approximately 50% of deaths caused by cardiovascular diseases. In
recent studies, it has shown that medication alone is not able to control the prevalence of hypertension as it
still remains troublesome in 73% of adults who are already taking antihypertensive drugs. This highlights
now the role of health professionals, such as pharmacists, to provide patients with interventions like
counselling that would help them in obtaining the maximum benefit from the medications that they take.
This study aimed to develop a counselling tool that would aid in counselling patients with hypertension.
Specifically, it intends to determine patient counselling information that are to be incorporated in the
pharmacist's guide, flipchart and patient's booklet, identify common inquiries that pharmacists encounter in
counselling patients with hypertension, and assess the effect of the counselling tool on the knowledge of
patients with hypertension. It consists of two phases, Phase One: Development of Counselling Tool and
Phase Two: Pretest and Post-Test Evaluation of the Tool. Results of the study have shown an improvement
in the mean scores of patients from 7.5/10 to 8.67/10 after being counselled with the developed tool,
therefore highly indicating a positive effect of the tool in the knowledge of hypertensive patients about
hypertension and its management.
INVESTIGATORS
Adson C. Chua Jr ., Lawrence Jay C. Flores, Phylicia Marie T. Pineda
ABSTRACT Pharmacy patient counselling is intended to improve the adherence to the proper regimen,
maintain the quality of life, and prevent the morbidity and mortality due to improper drug utilization and
administration. Pediatric asthma is the most common chronic lower respiratory disease in childhood
throughout the world. To prevent or control the attacks of asthma, patient education is an essential aspect
of self-managed care together with the guidance of their parents in the education process. The researchers
intend to provide pharmacists a validated counselling tool which is directed for parents and caregivers of
pediatric asthma patients aged 6 to 11. The content and structure of the tool was developed through
review of literature, nominal group technique, structured interviews and pretesting. In the pilot study, the
researchers evaluated the effectiveness of the tool using a quasi-experimental pretest posttest model
measuring asthma knowledge, attitudes and practices of caregivers before and after counseling sessions
wherein the tool was utilized. In general, the use of the tool was able to achieve its intended goal when
used in a counseling session involving the participating caregivers. All participants subjectively find the
counselling session beneficial, and the tool was able to considerably increase the knowledge of the patients
regarding pediatric asthma (p=0.0422) while scores for attitude and practice have increased as well,
however not significantly.
23
INVESTIGATORS
Holymn Faith Buan, Margarita Rasalan, Dana Louise Soriano
ABSTRACT
Background The elderly population is at greater risk of polypharmacy and the use of PIMs which increase
chances of experiencing drug related problems due to ageing related pathophysiologic changes.
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate medication use in elderly hospitalized patients.
Methods A review of medical records of elderly patient admitted within October to December 2014 in a
private tertiary hospital in Metro Manila was conducted. Polypharmacy was defined as the use of five or
more drugs while PIM use and drug interactions were checked using the STOPP criteria and lexicomp,
respectively.
Results Polypharmacy was found in 69.3% (N=101) of the population while 15.84% was found to have at
least one occurrence of PIM use. Therapeutic duplication was the most common source of PIM use, at least
one drug-drug interaction possibly occurred in 73.27% of the population. Interactions under risk class C
were most common (69.31%) and those under risk class X were the least (28.71%).statistical analyses
showed significant association of polypharmacy with PIM use and with drug-drug interactions.
Conclusion The prevalences of polypharmacy and occurrence of drug-drug interactions are high while
the occurrence of PIMs is low. Higher chances of PIM use and occurrence of drug-drug interactions are
present with polypharmacy. These findings may provide basis for acknowledging the importance of
pharmacist intervention to address unnecessary prescribing and avoidable adverse drug events in the
elderly. Further research in larger populations and different settings may improve the generalizability of
data. Possible economic impact of polypharmacy and PIM use to patients, healthcare providers , and the
society, may also be explored.
INVESTIGATORS
Darwin I. Carrido, Carlo Agustin A. Lorenzo, Aizel Camille L. Macaldo
ABSTRACT Internship program is an integral part of pharmacy education. Its evaluation is necessary to
continuously develop a comprehensive program that is based on the needs and changing role of the
profession. This study aimed to evaluate the three pharmacy internship programs (Community, Hospital
and Industrial) among Philippine Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (PACOP) accredited schools in Metro
Manila, Philippines. The study utilized a descriptive, correlational research design, using self-administered
survey questionnaire as method of data collection. The questionnaires were tailored for each type of
pharmacy practice setting. A total of 735 students responded in the survey. Descriptive statistical analysis,
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, One-Way ANOVA and Independent Samples t-test were used to analyze
the data using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21 software. Overall, the student respondents rated their
internship experiences positively and perceived high level of satisfaction with how the programs were
carried out. Pharmacy interns also perceived to have acquired additional knowledge, improved skills and
developed attitude from all pharmacy internship programs. Internship activities, internship experiences and
level of satisfaction were found to be significantly correlated with the learning outcomes of each internship
program. Despite limitation of participation to internship activities and problems and barriers encountered,
the students perceived that the pharmacy internship program was effective in attaining its learning
outcomes.
24
INVESTIGATORS
Rench Richmond J. Ramones, Ericko Paolo S. Tolentino
ABSTRACT In the past few years, the practice of pharmacy has expanded to include more patientoriented services. Despite this, doctors and nurses may not always accept or recognize the wide scope of
services that pharmacists can provide to improve patient care. This study aimed to investigate the
perceptions of doctors and nurses in Metro Manila regarding the roles of pharmacists by assessing the level
of interaction between pharmacists and doctors/nurses, their degree of comfort on various pharmacist
functions, their expectations on these roles, and their perceptions on collaboration.
The study employed a cross-sectional, descriptive research design consisting of 101 doctors and 98 nurses
as respondents. Between doctors and nurses, doctors have far fewer interactions with pharmacists, with
majority of them having an interaction only once a month. In general, doctors and nurses appear
comfortable with pharmacists providing a broad range of services. However, they were more receptive of
pharmacists more traditional roles, e.g. detecting prescription errors, than of responsibilities that are clinical
in nature, e.g. designing drug therapy regimens. Doctors and nurses highly expect pharmacists to be drug
information experts but a majority also expects them exclusively in drug supply management and
dispensation. Furthermore, doctors and nurses recognize that collaboration with a pharmacist improves
patient outcomes, and most are willing to accept the changes and perceived risks for the sake of
collaboration. The doctors perceived main barrier to collaboration is the lack of face-to-face
communication, while nurses main concern is that it takes too much time.
Based on these findings, it could be inferred that the practice of pharmacy in hospitals still mostly revolves
around the traditional practices of drug provision and dispensation. Full acceptance and appreciation of
pharmacists expanded roles is related to the exposure doctors and nurses have had to those roles. Thus,
there is a need for pharmacists to be involved in direct patient care activities where they can work
alongside doctors and nurses to improve patient outcomes.
INVESTIGATORS
Helena Selene T. Co, Anlorenze Mae B. Conde
ABSTRACT Immunization is a key element in the prevention of infectious diseases. However some
vaccine preventable diseases, such as influenza and pneumonia, are still among the top ten causes of
morbidity. This may be reflective of the underutilization of vaccines. An approach for improving delivery of
immunizations is to increase the number of of sites where patients obtain immunizations such as the
community pharmacy. In the country, the Philippine Pharmacists Association and the Food and Drug
Administration and Department of Health, have engaged in training community pharmacists to administer
adult vaccines.
A perceived major barrier to the implementation of pharmaceutical care in healthcare settings is the lack of
support from other health professionals. This study aimed to describe the perceptions of healthcare
providers towards pharmacists as immunizers in Manila, and to identify factors that affect their level of
acceptance towards this extension of the pharmacists role, through the use of self-administered
questionnaire. (continued on next page)
25
A B S T R A C T ( c o n t . ) Through quota sampling, a total of 82 nurses (45.8%), and 32 family physicians

and general practitioners (17.9%) were surveyed. Majority of the respondents were female (52.6%),
working in a public institution (76.3%), and aged less than 30 years old (68.4%).
Results show that most of the respondents agreed on the items regarding the competence of the
pharmacist to immunize (mean = 3.21 0.68) and on the increased accessibility of vaccinations to the
community (mean = 3.12 0.83). Although most respondents also believed that their professional services
will be negatively affected by the extension of the pharmacists roles, this is in a lesser magnitude compared
to other two variables (mean = 2.54 0.51).
Overall, majority of the health care providers (79.81%) supported the extended role of an immunizing
pharmacists (mean = 3.10 0.80).
Statistical analysis showed that profession (P = 0.0127) and both competence and accessibility (P < 0.001)
are significant predictors of the level of acceptance. However, the surveyed healthcare providers may not
be representative of all physicians and nurses in the country due to its small sample size.
In conclusion, healthcare providers gave a marginal level of support to pharmacists as potential immunizers
in the country. However, it is recommended to conduct further studies to strengthen the evidence of
support for key stakeholders, and identify other potential barriers. It is recommended to conduct studies
involving a larger sample size and wider scope of health facilities, including those that will assess the
pharmacists willingness to take part in the vaccination practice.
INVESTIGATORS
Karen Michelle M. Convento, Czarina P. Fortuno, Trisha Ann Mae C. Quilang
ABSTRACT The concept of Electronic Health Records (EHR) has been implemented in countries such as
U.S, U.K. Japan, Singapore and Australia for enhanced patient care in community pharmacy. In the
Philippines, there has been a problem on lack of patient records in a community pharmacy setting. In order
to address this problem, the researchers have conducted a pilot study of EHR in Alabang, Muntinlupa. The
study was composed of three phases, namely, Phase I for Planning and Design Phase Phase II or
Implementation Phase and Phase III, the Evaluation Phase. The sources of data for Phase I included the
community pharmacists in Alabang for needs assessment survey on EHR use and the PPhA president for
expert's opinion on EHR for its content, functionalities, features as well as the layout. Phase II included the
identification of drug therapy problems using the EHR for qualified hypertensive patients and Phase III for
the evaluation of the implementing pharmacists through interview and the evaluation of patients through
survey questionnaire and phone interview. Results on needs assessment from Phase I suggested that EHR
is non-existent in the community pharmacy workplace and all of the pharmacists surveyed were willing to
be trained for at least two hours of their time. Moreover, for the pharmacist's acceptability of EHR, with
sub-categories, such as, EHR is expected to be easy, being skilled in using EHR, ease of use for pharmacist
and familiarity with computers, have obtained a positive or agreeable answer for all. Acceptability with
subcategories such as: the job will be easier, professional satisfaction and continuity of care have also
gotten a positive or agreeable response for all as well as for EHR usage. 73% of those surveyed said that
having a patient oriented pharmaceutical care was the perceived strength of this program while the
perceived barrier was being time consuming. Expert's opinion pointed out the primary information needed
for EHR service, having a simple field of EHR, strategies for advertisement, possible patient concerns and
possible drugstore owner's concern. (continued on next page)
26
ABSTRACT (cont.) Upon content analysis of the gathered information, the researchers created the
EHR database using MS Access 2010 and Microsoft Visual Basic for applications. Phase II resulted to 20.7%
hypertensive patient participation who were identified to have potential drug interaction and found to be
non-adherent to their medication regimen. Upon the evaluation of these patients enrolled in the program
for Phase III, all of them agreed that EHR system took a lot of time but they can also agreed that there were
no violations made on their confidentiality. In the light of the results, there is a need for an EHR system in
community pharmacies. The positive perceptions obtained during the development and implementation of
the EHR software including the comments of end-users pertaining to increased rate of acceptability are
important considerations in the enhancement of the system and appreciation of the community
pharmacists.
INVESTIGATORS
Erika Grace C. Cruz, Jerico Isaiah S. Dumbrique, Jea Giezl N. Solidum
ABSTRACT Hypertension (HTN) with compelling diabetes mellitus (DM), if not managed, can lead to
different complications and even death. This study involves a retrospective drug utilization review (DUR) of
medication therapy of hypertensive patients with DM Type 1 or Type 2 in tertiary level private hospital in
Manila, Philippines with the principal aim to evaluate the medication therapy in the treatment of such
conditions in patients admitted to the study hospital. Data was obtained from the medical record database.
The gathered information was recorded on tally sheets and encoded to an electronic data sheet prepared
using Epi Info 7.1.0.6 for compilation and analyses. Compliance of the prescribing physician to the
medications recommended by the hospital formulary and prescribing policy and the Eight Report on the Joint
National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC8)
treatment algorithm was measured and compared using Epi Info 7.1.0.6 chi-square statistical test. Drug-drug
interactions were also checked and analyzed using LexiComp.
Results showed that out of the 97 patients included in the study (51.04% female, 48.96% male patients; 58.30
years average age), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) (30.35%) were the antihypertensive of choice
contrary to that of the JNC8 recommendation. The JNC8 treatment algorithm recommended thiazide diuretic
which was underutilized in the study and Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors were the most frequently
prescribed antidiabetic drug followed by biguanides at 34.67% and 28%, respectively. Angiotensin converting
enzymes inhibitors (ACEI) were the most frequently used as monotherapy at 4 (26.67%; 3.70%). Dual therapy
was the most used at 31 (28.70%) with mostly HMGCOA reductase inhibitors + ARB combination (16.67%)
and the quintuple as the least at 7 (6.48%). Multiple therapy ranges from 6 up to 9-drug class combination.
Specifically for hypertensive patients with DM Type 2, the most frequently prescribed combination therapy
was ACEI + DPP-4 inhibitors. Drug-drug interactions were found to be relatively safe and mostly involved
antihypertensive drugs. Drug interactions in hypertensive patients with DM Type 2 occurred more than in
hypertensive patients with DM Type 1. (continued on next page)
27
A B S T R A C T ( c o n t . ) The adherence with the JNC8 treatment algorithm (83.17%) and hospital
formulary with prescribing policies (71.08%) was relatively high independently however, it decreased upon
combination of the two (23.76%). Physicians tend to prescribe in a more adherent pattern with the JNC8
algorithm while more in a non-adherent pattern with the combined guidelines (chi-square value=66.78;
p<0.0000001). They tend to prescribe more homogenously in an adherent pattern with the JNC8 algorithm
(chi-square value=1.001; p=0.6062), and with the combined hospital formulary and prescribing policy and
JNC8 algorithm (chi-square value=0.176; p=0.9158) than non-adherent between the three disease
conditions. Further, physicians tend to prescribe in a more adherent pattern with the hospital formulary and
hospital prescribing policy while more in a non-adherent pattern with the combined guidelines (chi-square
value=72.29; p<0.0000001). They tend to become more adherent to the hospital formulary and hospital
prescribing policy in prescribing antidiabetic drugs than antihypertensive drugs (chi-square value=7.863;
p=0.005045).
The results obtained may call for revision of the hospital formulary and prescribing policy or the reorientation of physicians to the treatment algorithm being implemented in the hospital. Further studies
including the actual patient charts with respective clinical outcomes per drug are recommended to be
conducted together with surveys or interviews on prescribers drug preferences to fully understand and
analyze prescribing patterns of the physicians. Larger sample size may also be employed as well as conduct
of pharmacoeconomic studies. In addition, the relationship between adherence/ non-adherence to the
JNC8 treatment algorithm, hospital formulary and prescribing policy and clinical outcomes or parameters of
such adherence/ non-adherence could also be determined. The pharmacists are recommended to be
actively involved in the conduct of the activities mentioned.
INVESTIGATORS
Lincoln Sam C. Disu, Raquel E. Reyes, Diane M. Uy Cana
ABSTRACT Community pharmacy practice predominates in the Philippines however, the practice has
focused mainly on sales transaction and dispensing of medications. There is therefore a need for the
establishment of a pharmacy that will both serve as a model of education and practice development, such
as, an on-campus pharmacy. This study aimed to determine the technical feasibility of establishing an oncampus pharmacy at the University of the Philippines Manila College of Pharmacy (UPCP). A needs analysis
survey was administered to purposively-sampled 385 passers-by along Taft Avenue, new Pedro Gil Street.
Key informant interviews with hospital pharmacists, drugstore business experts, faculty members of the
UPCP and engineers were also conducted. Survey results showed that over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are
usually used for fever, cough and colds, body ache and as vitamin supplements while prescription medicines
are commonly used for infection, fever, cough, colds and for hypertension management. Moreover, the
passers-by are interested on services that include blood pressure and blood glucose measurements,
medication counseling and medication therapy management, that are all affordable and accessible. Faculty
members said that the on-campus pharmacy can be a training ground for both the students and preceptors
and as an income-generating project the hospital pharmacists considered that such a pharmacy can offer
value-added services and focus on a different target market instead of the Philippine General Hospital
(PGH) patients. Consultation and interviews with engineers and drugstore business experts determined the
technical requirements: site, facility, pharmacy layout, product mix, equipment, utilities, waste management
and regulatory requirements. In general, it can be concluded that the establishment of an on-campus
pharmacy is technically feasible. However, a full feasibility study and business proposal should be done to
say that the on-campus pharmacy is feasible and sustainable.
28
INVESTIGATORS
Anna Dominique Abergas, Angela Estrella Elio, Kenneth Miranda
ABSTRACT The use of social networking sites (SNSs), online learning tools (OLTs) and learning management
systems (LMSs) such as the University Virtual Learning Environment (UVLe) has been established in a number
of universities in order to improve communication between students and faculty members without the
confines of the traditional classroom. As there are no existing studies so far, this study was intended to
identify the websites used by UP College of Pharmacy (UPCP) students for their personal use and their
frequency of use, the sites used for their respective courses, the perceptions students on the use of SNSs,
OLTs and UVLe to facilitate learning and to describe the challenges encountered on the use of SNSs as means
of file sharing and information dissemination by educators. A survey was conducted on 215 students and 24
faculty members of the UPCP. Results showed that the most commonly used SNS and OLT were Facebook
and Dropbox. Five percent of the faculty members required the use of UVLe in their academic courses.
Decreased attention span and issues on privacy were the most widely encountered challenges by the students
and faculty members, respectively. Students and faculty perceive SNSs and OLTs as useful, easy to use, and
are willing to adopt the two services as learning platforms. UVLe has mixed responses on its usefulness, ease
of use, and its adoption as learning platforms. While UVLe is least commonly used by faculty and students, it
overcomes the challenges encountered in SNSs and OLTs and may be recommended for use as the primary
online learning management system in the College. Adequate training however must be provided to equip
faculty and students on the functionality of this system.
INVESTIGATORS
Anna Dominique Abergas, Angela Estrella Elio, Kenneth Miranda
ABSTRACT The most common conditions treated by over-the-counter (OTC) medications are cough and
colds. Although proven safe for use, common cough and cold medications present risks if misused among
children, especially in the practice of self-medication. This descriptive research aimed to evaluate the
current self-medication practice in Barangay Tandang Sora, Quezon City, by describing the commonly used
medications, current practice based on the internal environment (symptoms experienced of child,
medications used for symptoms, frequency, and duration of use) and external environment (demographics,
sources of information, and sources of drugs) of the household. Correctness of practice was determined by
comparing the actual use with the recommended use based on drug literature. A survey on 100
respondents using a structured questionnaire tool was conducted to obtain such information. The results
showed that all of the respondents practiced self-medication. The most common medications used were
paracetamol, carbocisteine, and phenylephrine/chlorphenamine/paracetamol combination. Prescription
drugs including antibiotics were also used to treat cough and colds. In terms of the dosage form and dose,
liquid formulations and pediatric formulations were preferred. Although the self-medication practice among
the households can overall be deemed as appropriate, some areas of concern in the self-medication
practice are the inappropriate use of certain cough medications and the use of past prescriptions.
Empowerment by pharmacists can help in improving the current practice of self-medication. Modifications
on the population, research tool and the use of correlational studies can guide subsequent research.
29
This pilot volume of UP Manila Pharmacy Students Digest is brought to you by the
University of the Philippines Pharmaceutical Association Student Council AY 2015-2016
NEIL LOMIBAO
BEA TO
KYLA SILO
ZAD VELASQUEZ
DEBORAH TAN
President
Vice President
Secretary for
Internal Affairs
Secretary for
External Affairs
Secretary for
Finance
DONNA
FLORENTINO
College Representative
to the USC
ELYZA GERON
IRAH REYES
RICHANELA FLORES
MIKKO LAKI
ELLE FRANCISCO
TRYSTAM ALMARIO
Auditor
1st Year BSIP Batch

Representative
1st Year Batch

Representative
1st Year BSP Batch

Representative
2nd Year BSIP Batch

Representative
2nd Year BSP Batch

Representative
(Shiftees and Transferees)
ALEXANDER LIM
MARA TAN
ANYSSA APIGO
3rd Year BSIP Batch

Representative
3rd Year BSP Batch

Representative
4th Year BSIP Batch

Representative
JILLIAN
DANGANAN
4th Year BSP Batch
Representative
DARIEN RIVERA
VERA TUIBEO
5th Year BSIP Batch

Representative
5th Year BSP Batch

Representative
as well as this volumes core team and editorial board.
BEA TO
IRIS BALUTOC
REGINA NUEVA
CAYE BORREO
ZAD VELASQUEZ
LYRA BRUAL
Editor-in-chief
Digest Editor
Digest Editor
Art Director
Art Director
Publication Editor
Mabuhay, Kolehiyo ng Parmasiya!
31

UP Manila Pharmacy Students&#39; Digest Volume I - June 2016

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UP Manila Pharmacy Students&#39; Digest Volume I - June 2016

Diunggah oleh

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Bea Katrina To

Iris Patrisha Abigail Balutoc

Marian Caye Borreo

Ma. Ysabel Lyra Brual

It is with pride and honor that I present to you the

The cover represents the three departments

Imelda G. Pea, RPh, DrPH

MESSAGE FROM THE DEAN

Ph Ch 137 Projects and Undergraduate Theses

INVESTIGATOR Bienvenido S. Balotro

INVESTIGATOR Yolanda R. Robles

INVESTIGATOR Levi Letlet H. Larcia II

INVESTIGATOR Jean Florida C. Casauay

I N V E S T I G A T O R S Joanna V. Toralba, Noel S. Quiming, Jocelyn SB Palacpac

I N V E S T I G A T O R S Joanna V. Toralba, Joanna J. Orejola, Ethel Andrea C. Ladignon

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

INVESTIGATORS Imelda G. Pea, Yolanda R. Robles

INVESTIGATOR Judilynn N. Solidum

INVESTIGATOR Bienvenido S. Balotro

INVESTIGATOR Margarita M. Gutierrez

INVESTIGATOR Judilynn N. Solidum

INVESTIGATOR Judilynn N. Solidum

INVESTIGATOR Bryan Paul I. Bulatao, Imelda G. Pea

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL PHARMACY

of Arenga saccharifera Labill.

of cardava banana peel powder as

of cleaning procedures for the

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

exploratory study of the physicochemical

of the antioxidant and

of the pharmacognostic profile and

Regina Victoria D. Morales

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

Inah Felicia G. Lagmay

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

Antifertility effect of turmeric (Cucurma

Characterization and antibacterial property

Cytotoxicity assay-guided fractionation of

Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae)

Determination of antibiotic residue in

Development of thin layer chromatography

Evaluation of the antiangiogenic activity of

Identification and evaluation of the

Molluscicidal activity and bioassayguided fractionation of crude extracts of

Fractionation of the antioxidant and

Fractionation of the antibacterial

An exploratory study on the effect of

Exploratory study on the effect of

Screening for the anti-angiogenic

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

UP MANILA PHARMACY STUDENTS DIGEST 2016 VOL 1

Assessment of antibiotic use among

Assessment of health literacy of adult

UP Manila Pharmacy Students' Digest Volume I - June 2016

UP Manila Pharmacy Students' Digest Volume I - June 2016