Bus Interface
CMPE 310
Bus Interfaces
Different types of buses:
P ISA (Industry Standard Architecture)
P EISA (Extended ISA)
P VESA (Video Electronics Standards Association, VL Bus)
P PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect)
P USB (Universal Serial Bus)
P AGP (Advanced Graphics Port)
ISA is the oldest of all these and today's computers still have a ISA bus interface in form of
an ISA slot (connection) on the main board.
ISA has 8-bit and 16-bit standards along with the 32-bit version (EISA).
All three versions operate at 8MHz.
Bus Interface
RESET
+5V
IRQ9
-5V
DRQ2
-12V
OWS
+12V
GND
MEMW
MEMR
IOW
IOR
DACK3
DRQ3
DACK1
DRQ1
DACK0
CLOCK
IRQ7
IRQ6
IRQ5
IRQ4
IRQ3
DACK2
T/C
ALE
+5V
OSC
GND
IO RDY
AEN
CMPE 310
D0-D7
ISA Bus Connector Contains
8- bit Data Bus
Demultiplexed 20-bit address Bus
I/O and Memory Control Signals
A0-A19
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
D7
2Y1
D7
Q7
OC
CLK
.
.
.
A
Y0
.
B
.
C
.
G1
G2A Y7
G2B
A
B
C
A9
A7
A6
G1
G2A Y7
G2B
A11
A12
A13
A10
A14
A15
A
Y0
.
B
.
C
.
G1
G2A Y7
G2B
74LS138
A4
A5
A8
Q0
.
.
.
D7 Q7
OC
CLK
D0
.
.
.
Y0
74LS138
Connector DB37
.
.
.
74LS374
D0
.
.
.
Q0
74LS374
.
.
.
.
.
.
74LS374
.
.
.
74LS244
1Y1
Q0
.
.
.
D7 Q7
OC
CLK
D0
DIP
Switch
.
.
.
74LS374
A0
A1
IOW
A3
D0
74LS138
D0-D7
Q0
.
.
.
D7 Q7
OC
CLK
3
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
8-bit
connector
31
1
16-bit
extension
18
16-bit connector
MCS16
1
IOCS16
2
IRQ10
3
IRQ11
4
IRQ12
5
IRQ15
6
7
IRQ14
8 DACK0
9
DRQ0
10 DACK5
11
DRQ5
12 DACK6
13
DRQ6
14 DACK7
15
DRQ7
16
+5V
17 MASTER
18
GND
BHE
A23
A22
A21
A20
A19
A18
A17
MEMR
MEMW
D8
D9
D10
D11
D12
D13
D14
D15
5
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
EISA Bus
Extended ISA (EISA) has a 32-bit data bus but still operates at 8MHz.
It is rarely used -- mainly as a disk controller or video graphics adapter.
New pins for EISA bus are interspersed with the older pins in the 16-bit ISA connector to
preserve compatibility with the old standard.
Most of the new EISA connections are used for the 32-bit data and 32-bit latched address
bus.
Details of ISA Card
ISA
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
EISA
Key
6
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
VESA
16-bit
8-bit
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
Dynamic RAM
System Bios
Cache
100 MHz
Resident Local Bus
PCI Bus
Controller
Video
Disk
Controller
66 MHz
PCI Bus
ISA Bus
Controller
Printer
Interface
ISA Bus
FAX/
MODEM
8 MHz
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
T0
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
AD Bus
Address
Data1
Data2
Data3
Data4
C/BE
Command
BEs
BEs
BEs
PCICLK
FRAME
BEs
10
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
11
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
00H
04H
08H
0CH
10H
Base Address
3FH
40H
Available
(192 bytes)
FFH
Header
Identification
Status|Command
Class|Power Down
BIST
Reserved
Reserved
Extra ROM address
Reserved
Reserved
Special
24H
28H
2CH
30H
04H
08H
3CH
12
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
13
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
Parity
Circuit
PCI
Bus
AD0-AD31
FRAME
IRDY
REQ
GNT
TRDY
DEVSEL
STOP
Initiator
Target
Base Address
Register
0
Base Address
Register
1
Command
Status
Register
User
System
Interrupt
Register
Latency
Timer
Vendor ID
Etc.
14
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
1 2 3 4
Pin #
1
2
3
4
Signal
5.0V
-Data
+Data
GND
15
Bus Interface
OE
15
15
Receive
data
27
Noise
suppression
CMPE 310
+Data
USB Data
-Data
+
-
Data packets are sent and received using a NRZI (non-return to zero, inverted) data encoding.
Digital Data
NRZI
16
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
Name
OUT
ACK
Data0
SOF
IN
NAK
Data1
PRE
Setup
Stall
Type
Token
Handshake
Data
Token
Token
Handshake
Data
Special
Token
Token
Description
Host->function transaction
Receiver accepts packet
Data packet PID even
Start of Frame
Function -> host transaction
Receiver does not accept data
Data packet PID odd
Host preamble
Setup command
Stalled
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
19
Bus Interface
CMPE 310
AGP Bus
(66MHz)
440LX
chip set
memory
32
PCI
Local
frame
buffer
Local Bus
(66/100MHz)
PIIX4 bridge
I/O
I/O
ISA
I/O
I/O
Operates at system bus speed, e.g. 528M bytes/sec under the 2X compliant system and over
1 G bytes/sec under a 4X.
PCI maximum is ~100 M bytes/sec.
20