Chapter 2 Squares, Square Roots, Cubes and Cube Roots

2.1 Squares of Numbers

1. The square of a number a is written as
2

a or a a

(Note: it does not means that a multiplied by 2).

Example: 32 3 3 9
2. a 2 is read as a to the power of 2 or a squared.
3. The square of any number is always positive.

4. Perfect squares are the square of non-zero whole

numbers. Fractions and decimals are not perfect
squares.
Example: 4(22 4),9(32 9), 25(52 25),64(82 64)
5. The number of decimal places in the square of a
decimal is twice the number of decimal places of the
decimal.
Example : 11.52 132.25, 1.152 1.3225

1. Write the following multiplications as the square of the numbers.

(a) 5 5
(c) 0.8 0.8
(b) (3) (3)
(e) 12 12

(f) 1.16 1.16

(g) (4.3)

(g)
5
5

2. Write the following numbers in expanded form.

(a) 7 2
(b) (11)2
2
(d)0.76
7
(e)
2

2 2
9 9
1 1
(h) 3 3
6 6

(d)

8
(h) (4.827) 2

(c)(-1.05)

(f)
12

(i) (68.4)2

3. Calculate the square for each number by multiplying the number by itself.
(a) 82
(b) (5)2
(c) (13) 2

(d) (0.4)2

(g) 5
5

(f)14

10

(h)
9

(j) 1
7

(e)(-0.7)

(k) 4
8

(i)

(l) (0.009)2

4. Estimate the square of the following numbers.

(a) 292
(b) 532

(c) (68) 2

(d) (1.8) 2

(f) 0.5022

(e) 402.32

5. Estimate the range of the square for each of the following numbers.
(a) 67 2
(b) 1922
(
) < 67 < (
(
) < 67 < (
67 is between (
(
)

(c) 0.3812

(d) 17.462

)
) and

(e) 0.047 2

(f) 0.08302

6. Using a calculator, find the value of each of the following.

(a) 0.0422
(b) 0.00812
(c) (2.12) 2

(e) (6.3) 2

(f) (29) 2

5
(g)
7

(d) (5.36) 2

3
(h) 2
8

7. List the perfect squares.

(a) From 0 to 100

(b) From 150 to 300

(c) Less than 40

(d) Between 15 and 70

8. Solve the following problems.

(a) Given that 3.28 = 10.8. Find the value of
(i) 328
(ii) 0.328

(b) Given that 0.326 = 0.106, calculate the value of

(i) 3.26
(ii) 32.6

(c) The floor of a room is laid with 200 pieces of square

tiles. Each side of the tile measure 0.3 m. Find the floor
area of the room in m.

(d) Ali age is the square of his brothers age. If his brother
is 6 years old, what is their age difference?

2.2can
Squares
Roots
1. The square root of a positive number N
be written
as .of Numbers
2. If or , then =a.
Example:
3. The square root of a negative number does not exist. Thus, we cannot find the square root of a negative
number.
4. The square root of a fraction :.
5. Product of two square two square roots of the same number : .
6. Product of two square roots of different number:.
1. Without using calculator, find the square root for each of the following numbers.

(b) 121

(c) 1600

(d) 196

(e)

324

(f)

484

(g)

(h)

0.16

(i)

0.25

(a)

64

0.01

(j) 0.64

(k) 2.89

(l) 5.76

2. Determine the square roots of the following numbers without using calculator.
9
64
169
(m)
(n)
(o)
16
81
225

(p)

50
72

(q)

9
16

(t) 2

(s) 1

48
75

7
9

3. Find the square root for each of the following.

(a) 17 17
2
7

(d) 1 1
(g) 132

2
7

180
320

(r)

(u) 2

a a a or ( a ) 2 a or ( a 2 ) a

(b) 1.9 1.9

(e) 0.04 0.04

2
2

3
3

(c)

(f)

(h) 2452

1
4

2
2
3

(i) ( 123) 2
3

4. Determine the square roots of the following numbers without using calculator. a b ab
(a) 2 8
(b) 1.8 0.8
(c) 60 15

(d) 0.72 0.5

(g) 2

2
16

(e) 8 32

(h)

4
2
2
15
5

(f) 63 7

1
2

(i) 2

5. Estimate the range for the following square roots.

(a) 18
(b) 43

(c) 68.5

(d) 92.8

(e) 119.1

(f) 150.3

(g) 0.7

(h) 0.004

(i)

5
8

6. Find the square root for each of the following numbers by using a scientific calculator. Give your answer
corrected to two decimal places.
(a) 56
(b) 126
(c) 3.52
(e) 42.1
(h)

7
23

(f) 0.012
(i) 4

1
9

(g) 0.17
(j) 16

4
25

7. Solve the following problems.

(a) 2 1

(b) (5)2 49

16
25

(c) 52 122

(c) Given that

65.48 8.092 find the value of 80.92.

(d) Given that 3.4 1.84 and 34 5.8 . Find the

value of
(i) 340
(ii) 0.34

(e) Given that

64 640 .

6.4 2.53, calculate the value of

(f) Given that 4.2 2.049 and

value of 4200 420

42 6.481 , find the

1. The cube of a number a is written as 2.3 Cubes of Numbers

(Note: it does not means that a multiplied by 3).
Example:
2. is read as a to the power of 3 or a cubed.
3. The cube of a positive number is always positive.
4. The cube of a negative number is always negative.
5. The number of decimal places in the cube of a decimal is triple the number of decimal places of the
decimal.
1.Example
Write the: following multiplications as the cubes of the numbers.
(a) 6 6 6
(c) 4.5 4.5 4.5
(d) 0.3 0.3 0.3
(b) (3) (3) (3)

(e)

7 7 7

11 11 11

(f)
5
5
5

2. Write the following numbers in expanded form.

3
(a) 43
2
(b)

1
3

1
3

(g) 2 2 2

1
3

(h) (3.12) (3.12) ( 3.12)

(c) 2.3

(d) cube of 18

(f) cube of (4.46)

(e) cube of
6

3. Calculate the cube of the following numbers without using calculator.

(a) 33
(b) (5)3

(d) (4.5)3

(f)
5

(i) (30)3

(h) 1
2

(g) 2
3

(e)
4

(c) (0.2)3

4. Estimate the cube of the following numbers.

(a) 383
(b) (0.72)3

(c) 3.53

(d) 0.0523

(f) 5.863

(e) 8.233

5. Estimate the range of the cube for each of the following numbers.
(a) 0.273
(b) 1.73

(c) 6.853

(d) 8.243

(f) 7.53

(e) 0.0733

6. Using a calculator, find the value of each of the following.

(a) 3.63
(b) 4.233
(c) 0.93

(e) 453

(f)
7

(g) 3
5

(d) (15.3)3

(h) 4
7

7. Solve the following problems.

(a) 33 (2)3

(b) 3 (3)3 43

3
(c) (2)3
4

(c) Given that the cube of 1.15 is 1.521, find the

value of 11.53 .
Given that the cube of 2.2 is 10.648, find the cube of
0.22.

(d) Given that the cube of 2.55 is 16.58, find the

value of 2553.
Given that the cube of 0.23 is 0.0122, find the value
of 2.33 .

(e) (a) (0.1)3 (0.5)3

(b) (2) 3 (0.3)3

(f) Find the following values.

(a) 3.1 (0.7) 3
(b) 6.5 ( 0.2) 3
2.4 Cube Roots of Numbers

1. The square root of a positive number N can be

written as 3 N .

3. The cube root of a positive number is always

positive.

2. If N a3 or a a a , then 3 N =a.
Example: 64 4 4 4, thus, 3 64 =4

4. The cube root of a negative number is always

negative.
5. The square root of a fraction : 3

a 3a

.
b 3b

1. Without using calculator, find the cube root for each of the following numbers.
(a) 3 64
(b) 3 27
(c) 3 8

(d) 3 125

(e) 3 1000

(f) 3 729

(g) 3 0.512

(h) 3 0.001

(i) 3 0.027

1
8

(k) 3 64

(j)

10

(m) 3 2 27

(n) 3 5

23
64

(l)

216
1311

(o) 3 3

3
8

2. Determine the cube roots of the following numbers using calculator. Give your answer corrected to two
decimal places.
7

(a) 3 2197

(d) 3 96.12

(b) 3 9261

(c) 3 5.87

7
9

(f) 3 10

(e) 3

5
8

5. Estimate the range for the following square roots.

(a) 3 20
(b) 3 88

(c) 3 130

(d) 3 56

(f) 3 0.36

(e) 3 203

7. Solve the following problems

(a) Find the following values.
(i)

8 3

216
512

(ii) 3 3 1

37
64

(c) Find the following values

1
(i) 3 27 1

(ii)

(e) (i)Given that 4.096 is the cube

of 1.6, then find the value of
3
4096 .

343 (1)3

(b) Find the following values.

(i) 3 125 3

8
27

(ii)

729 3

8
512

(d) Find the following values.

(i) 3 64 (2)3
(ii) (3)3 3 216

(ii) Given that 12.17 = 2.33 , then (iii) Given that the cube roots of
3
375 is 7.21, find the value of
12170 =
3
0.375 .
8

(g) 8 identical cubes of metal with a volume of 216

cm each are melted to form a large cubic block. Find
the length of each side of the large cubic in cm.

(h) A box with a volume of 4320 cm is filled up

completely with 20 equal cubes. Find the length of
each side of the cubes in cm.

Test Yourself

1
7
8
(1) 1 3
9
27
2

3
8

(4) (1 3 3 ) (

4 2
)
5

(2) 23 ( 6) 2 3 8

(3) 3 12 (2)3 32

2
1
2
8

1

1
(5)

2
3
3

(6)

27 22

1
25