Systems of the human body

short review
Yoga TTC 200

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

1 = 11; 11 = 1

The human body is marvelously complex and the greatest wonder is,
complex as it is, how well it works most of the time!

For purpose of the studies we can divide the body into 11 systems

All systems are working in the close cooperation, the division is for
theoretical purpose

All of the systems have specialized functions

The successful interaction is absolutely necessary for survival

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

Skeletal

Skeletal system is a structure of the body

Bones protects inner organs

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

Muscular

Muscular system = all our muscles that pull and push our skeleton to
move

There are 3 types of muscles:

skeleton muscles (striated muscles)

organs (smooth muscles)

heart

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

Circulatory

Circulatory system consists of heart and the tubes - arteries and veins
- that transport the blood

Circulatory system supplies oxygen and nutrients to every cell of the

body and removes wastes and carbon dioxide

Heart pumps the blood, blood is carrying nutrients and wastes, tubes
are carrying the blood to and from body tissues

Arteries transport blood enriched with oxygen, the veins transport

de-oxygenated blood (blue color!)

The artery which leaves the heart is very large, but it divides again
and again into smaller branches. The tiniest of these branches are
called capillaries

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

Respiratory

supplies oxygen to the bodys tissues and removes some wastes

we have upper respiratory system (nose till voice-box) and lower

respiratory system (below the voice- box)

The breathing is a process of taking air into and expelling it from the
lungs. This process involves the thoracic and abdominal cavity

The abdominal cavity is like a water-filled elastic balloon, it changes

its shape while breathing but not volume!

The thoracic cavity is like a harmonium - it changes its shape and

volume with every breath!

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

Breathing

When we take every breath the thoracic cavity changes its shape in a three-dimensional
way.

The both cavities are connected and a shape change in the thoracic cavity* is not
possible without shape change in the abdominal cavity.

*thoracic cavity = heart, lungs & ribs

Breathing, the process of taking air into and expelling it from the lungs is caused by the
three-dimensional shape change of the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Breathing consists of inhalation and exhalation

The main muscle for breathing is the diaphragm - it causes three-dimensional shape
change in both cavities

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

Take a deep breath...

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

Nervous system

One of two communication and control systems (next to endocrine)

Consists of Central Nervous System (CNS) : brain & spinal cord

(master control) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - 5 senses

Regulation of all internal functions and providing us with

information about the environment

Transmitting information rapidly by nerve impulses

Its effects (direct) are not long-lasting

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Digestive

Deals with the food and wastes

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Urinary

Responsible for elimination of most of the bodys liquid chemical

wastes

one of the most important organs are kidneys, which are the filter
of our body

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Reproductive

Responsible for reproduction

Consists of those organs that characterize the sexes and enables us to

conceive, bear, and give birth to offspring

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Endocrine

The second control

and communication
system in human body

Responsible for the

secretion of hormones,
which regulate the
bodys functions
chemically

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

Lymphatic

Lymphatic system works with veins in draining

fluid from tissues and helps to defend the body
against infection

The cleaning and defense work of the lymphatic system

takes place in the lymph nodes - small, bean-shaped
organs, different in sizes

The tasks of the lymph nodes are:

to relieve the lymph of impurities and dead cells

to form defensive cells (lymphocytes)

to attack exogenous agents (antigens) - bacterias,

pollen, etc.

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

Skin

The bodys largest organ, the largest organ of the integumentary system
made up of multiple layers of ectodermal tissue, and guards the underlying
muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organs

Encloses and protects all the body systems

Wednesday, April 24, 2013