K_vgyL

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
19721975

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

K_vgyL

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
19721975

nvwjg `v` Lvb

c_g cKvk : dvyb 1410 deqvwi 2004

^Z : Bfvbb iRIqvb
cKvkK Imgvb Mwb AvMvgx cKvkbx 36 evsjvevRvi
XvKv 1100 dvb 711 1332, 711 0021
cQ` KvBqyg Payix
eYwebvm KwDUvi gy`Y wk XvKv
gy`Y ^ieY wcUvm 6 kxk `vm jb XvKv
g~j : 300.00 UvKv
Bangladesher Rajniti 1972-1975

AvMvgx cKvkbx

(Political aspects of Bangladesh)

by Halim Dad Khan
Published by Osman Gani of Agamee Prakashani
36 Bangla Bazar Dhaka-1100 Phone 711 1332
e-mail agamee@bdonline.com
Price : Tk.300.00/US$ 15.00 only
ISBN 984 401 7858

K_vgyL

DrmM
wcZe Imgvb Mwb Lvb
wcZvgn Ave`yj jwZd Lvb
c-wcZvgn KzZze Lvb
c-c-wcZvgn Av`g Lvb
-Gi wZi Dk|

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

K_vgyL

Abye
ip mZ GB h, Avgv`i wcZ-cRb GKwU gvivK fzj KiwQjb ev cZvwiZ
nqwQjb A_ev wkKvi nqwQjb `yUviB| Zviv ce-eK cvwKvbi Ask
Ki c~e-cvwKvb evwbq djwQjb| RivUx wn`y (ci BmgvBwjqv
LvRvbx m`vqi gymjgvb) SxYvfvB-Gi cy gn` Avjx wRbvn& (wewjwZ
Kvq`vq evbvb jLvq SxYvi DPviY mvne`i gyL wRbv, fviZxq`i gyL
wRbv I Avie`i gyL wRbvn&q icvwiZ nq) evjK-eqm Dvw`K
`o c_g nqwQjb Ges cwiYZ eqm mgvRcMwZi Dvw`K mv`vwqK
w-RvwZ Zi wfwZ weKjv I KxU` cvwKvb mwi bZZ w`qwQjb|
hw`I fviZ-fvMi wmv Pov nq hvIqvi ciciB wZwb msLvjNyiv h
ivi Awaevmx Zvi cwZ AbyMZ neb Ges cvwKvbi msLvjNy`i ag,
wekvm, Rxeb, mw I msw Zi msiYi Avkvm `vb I fviZeli
msLvjNy`i cwZI GKB bxwZ chvR nIqvi Avkv e Kib| wK KvhZ
Zv cwiYZ nqwQj duvwKvb| DjL, wRbvn&i GKgv mvb kxgZx `xbv
IqvwWqv wcZvi klKZvbyvb hvM`vbvcj AvMgb Kiv Qvov wZwb, Zvi
^vgx ev cy-Kbv cvwKvbK Zv`i ^`kic MnY Kibwb|
kvmK-kvlK-cZviK Mvx agxq Dbv`bvi Aven cvK ev cwe vb ic
cPvi KijI cKZ cve GwU cvvei P, AvdMvwbvbi A, Kvkxii K,
wmzi S I ejywPvbi TAN mg^q bvgvKiYKZ nq| cvwKvb mwZ h
ce- eevmxi Ae`vb wQj mevwaK, Zvi bvg hgb ceei Ask wQj bv, Zgwb
^xKZ wQj bv Zv`i ivxq I bvMwiK AwaKviI| dj gv `yB hyM Kvj cvi
nZ bv-nZB Avgv`i cRb 1971 mvj c~ecyili fzji gvj Kovq-Mvq
kva Ki cwZv Ki ^vaxb mvefg evsjv`k iv|
wK `ytLRbK h, ^vaxbZvi mydj Ni Ni cuQvbv Zv `~ii K_v, AwRZ
gvUv `vMi mvdjmg~n, hgb Amv`vwqK AvZcwiPq, ijLv msweavb,
KvhKi MYZ, mg-myhvM I AwaKvii mgvR Z_v gywi AxKvi cfw Z wKQyB
Avgiv ai ivLZ cvwiwb| ^vaxbZvi ^ci evevqb GLb my`i~ civnZ,
e_Zvq chewmZ|

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

ZeyI Avkvi K_v h, e_ ^vaxbZvI AbK DrK civaxbZvi _K| Avgv`i

Di-cRb, hviv ^vaxb iv fwg nq gy cwiek c_g wbkvm MnYi
mfvM ARb KiQ, Zviv Avgv`i fzjjv mskvab Ki Mo Zzje myLxmg mvbvi evsjv| GB j G-M 1972 _K 1975 Z_v beRvZ ivi
fhvvi wfw iPbvi Kvjce msNwUZ cavb cavb NUbv-`yNU bvmg~ni mZwb
eYbv I evLv/weklY Kivi cqvm bqv nqQ| mvaviYfve myKwZi Zzjbvq
`ywZ AwaK bRi-Kvov njI GLvb mvMi mP gvwbK ZvjviB Pv Kiv
nqQ| mv_KZv KZUzKz AwRZ nqQ Zvi wePvii fvi we` cvVKRbi Dci
Qo w`jvg|
M iPbvq huviv bvbvfve mnvqZv KiQb Zuv`i ga AbZg meRbve Imgvb
Mwb, mvgmyb bvnvi, fc` fwgK, GnZkvg cviIqR, Ave`yj nvwjg,
Rvnvxi gvnv`, Gg Avi Lvb, Zcb wmivR, Kvgij nvmvb, kvgmyj nK,
gvRvddi nvmb cgLy Ges mevcwi Abycv Ybv`vbKvix W. gvnv` nvbbvb|
Gu`i mKji KvQ Avgvi FY Anxb|

nvwjg `v` Lvb

BDwbK jR
evwo bs 11-wm, moK bs 1, eK-L
wcwmKvjPvi nvDwRs mvmvBwU
gvnv`cyi, XvKv-1207

K_vgyL

10

m~wPc
1.

K_vgyL
nvB-Kgv MVb
AmnhvM I cZvKv Dvjb
Bw`iv-ZvRDwb eVK
cavbgwi eZvi fvlY
gxmfv PovKiY I gywRebMi kc_ MnY

13-22
13
14
16
19
21

2.

`k Movi Kvhg
fviZxq evwnbxi cZvMgb
cybevmb-cybMVb
ckvmb cwiPvjb
A_bxwZ I evwYR
wk eevcbv
fwg eevcbv
wkv-mswZ
gy`Y I cKvkbv
ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

23-40
24
27
28
31
33
37
37
39
41-62

3.

4.

wfqZbvg msnwZ I QvnZv

43

miKvi weivax wevf-Av`vjb

msweavb iPbv I wbevPb
civwRZ nqI wbevwPZ
MYHKRvU
IAvBwm mjb I agwbicZv
wKwmvii AvMgb; ZvRDwbi wbMgb
wekl gZv AvBb; Riix Aev, 144 aviv
evKkvj
Pzqvii ebv I `ywf

44
46
47
49
51
54
55
57
60

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi
MYnZv Z` Kwgkb
eywRxex-wbab Z_vbymvb KwgwU
AvRvwZK gvbevwaKvi Kgx`i cwZwqv
`vjvji msv, `vjvj AvBb I UvBeybvj MVb
MdZvi I wePvi cwqv i
54 `vjvji mw vK I nvwRi nIqvi wb`k

63-99
65
65
66
67
69
70

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
15 `vjvjK divi NvlYv I Zv`i mw vK
c_g gZz`cv ivRvKvi wPKb Avjx
knx`yjvn Kvqmvi nv LvjKi 7 eQi Kviv`
Zuve`vi Mfbi gvwjKi hvexeb Kviv`
iRvKvi evwnbxi RbK gvIjvbv BDmydi hvexeb
43 `vjvji bvMwiKZ evwZj
KqKRb fvMevb `vjvj
`vjvj AvBb mskvab
18 aibi Acivax eZxZ Ab`i gyPjKvi kZ gv c`kb
mvaviY gv
mvaviY gvi AmvaviY cwZwqv
Kb GB gv?
wePvi msv NUbvcw

71
72
73
74
76
76
78
81
82
85
88
90
97

5.

wewfb evwnbxi mw I AcKg

QvjxM
gywReevwnbx
ixevwnbx
^QvmeK evwnbx
jvjevwnbx

100-110
100
103
107
109
110

6.

AvM Kz
AenwjZ mvgwiK evwnbx
gywhvv ebvg cZvMZ
gRi Wvwjg I MvRx cwievii
DPvwfjvlx dviK-iwk`
gywRe nZvi cwiKbv iPbv I evevqb
gZv `Lj
wbR`i klKZ

111-145
112
113
113
115
116
134
140

7.

gywRe nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

`yRq eibv
`y`g wKkviM
`yevi XvKv
cwZev` meevcx njbv Kb?

156-164
151
154
157
161

8.

gZvi cvjve`j
Rj nZvKv

167-172
170

K_vgyL
9.

Rvm`
^ivgxi evmfeb NivI
AvM Kz g~jvqb
wmcvnx Kz
AZci Wvb wePzwZ
ckvwfwK cvjvgU

10. mvgvRev`i bxj-bKkv

11. cwiwk
1. ^vaxbZvi NvlYvc
2. nvbv`vi evwnbxi AvmgcY `wjj
3. fviZ-evsjv`k gx Pzw
4. evsjv`kK ^xKwZ`vZv `kmg~n
5. Nyl-`ybxwZ-PvivKvievii NUbvcw
6. `yecbvi NUbvcw
7. ANvZi NUbvcw
8. `yhvM-`yNUbvi NUbvcw
9. ivRbwZK NUbvcw
10. kwgK-ivRbxwZi NUbvcw
11. L`Kvi gvkZvK
12. wRqvDi ingvb
13. AvZvDj Mwb Imgvbx
14. gIjvbv fvmvbx
15. BdvK
16. wmivR wkK`vi
17. wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi Av`vjb I msMVb cm
18. wbDwKqvm
19. gywRe-nZv gvgjv

11
173-207
175
180
182
194
197
209-216
217-360
217
220
221
223
226
230
244
246
253
256
258
264
277
284
294
298
302
307
310

12

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

K_vgyL

13

14

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

bRij BmjvgK DcbZv, AavcK BDmyd AvjxK Pxd Bc Ges G GBP

Gg KvgvivgvbK msm`xq `ji mwPe wbevwPZ Kiv nq| cv`wkK cwil`i
bZv wbevwPZ nb Kvb Gg gbmyi Avjx|2

K_vgyL
1 gvP 1971 mvgevi `ycyi 01-05 wg. iwWI cvwKvb XvKv K`i gvag
Bqvwnqvi RvZxq cwil`i Awaekb wMZ ivLvi weewZ b mviv`k weic
cwZwqvi mw nq| `j `j gvbyl Awdm-Av`vjZ, Kj-KviLvbv Qo ivvq
bg Avm| XvKv wWqvg AbyvbiZ cvwKvb ebvg wek-GKv`ki wKU
Ljv dj nvRvi nvRvi `kK Rq evsjv ej ivvq bg Avm| knii
mKj AwjMwj _K wez L L wgwQj ^ZtZfve cb Gm RgvqZ
nq| wgwQjKvix`i nvZ wewfb aibi jvwV I jvnvi iW, gyL vMvb : exi
evOvwj A aiv, evsjv`k ^vaxb Kiv| cbi Rbmgy` AbZg ev
Zvdvqj Avng` ejb, Avi 6 `dv, 11 `dv bq, Gevi evsjvi gvbyl 1 `dvi
msMvg i Kie|
gywRe AvMB N~wYSoi mvebv Abygvb KiwQjb| Gw`b ejv mvo
PviUvq nvUj c~ev YxZ AvqvwRZ GK RbvKxY mvsevw`K mjb wZwb Awnsm
AmnhvM Av`vjbi NvlYv `b Ges 2 gvP XvKvq I 3 gvP mviv`k niZvj
cvjbi Ave`b Rvbvb|
nvB Kgv MVb
AvIqvgx jxM msm`xq `ji c _K fwelr KgmwP MnYi Rb gywReK
megq gZv `qv nq| bxwZwbaviYx welqvw` wVK Kivi Rb kL gywReyi
ingvb, mq` bRij Bmjvg, Gg gbmyi Avjx, L`Kvi gvkZvK Avng`,
ZvRDwb Avng` I G GBP Gg KvgvivgvbK wbq `jxq nvB Kgv
MVb Kiv nq| ZvRDwb Avng`K KgmwP evevqbi `vwqZ `qv nq Ges
W. Kvgvj nvmb I evwivi Avgxi-Dj BmjvgK Kiv nq Zvi mvnvhKvix|1
BZvc~e 16 deqvwi 1971 Bwwbqvm BbwwUDkb AbywZ AvIqvgx jxMi
wbevwPZ RvZxq I cv`wkK cwil` m`m`i Ges `ji K`xq I cv`wkK
Kvhwbevnx KwgwUi m`m`i h_ mfvq kL gywReyi ingvbK bZv, mq`
1

Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, KvMR cKvkbv, XvKv, 1991, cv 4

AmnhvM I cZvKv Dvjb

AKbxqfve AmnhvM Av`vjb PjZ _vK| 7 gvP 1971 imKvmi
(eZgvb mvnivIqv`x D`vb) iYvZxZ Kvji eng Rbmfvq AvbycweK
NUbvewji eYbv Ki gywRe `pK NvlYv Kib, Gevii msMvg Avgv`i
^vaxbZvi msMvg, Gevii msMvg gywi msMvg| 15 gvP AvIqvgx jxMi c
_K mvaviY mv`K ZvRDwb Avng` 35-`dv wb`k Rvwi Kib| eZ GB
wb`kvewji gvag gywRe evsjv`ki megq `vwqZ MnY Kib| 23 gvP
jvnvi cve iY cvwKvb w`em ^vaxb evsjv Qv msMvg cwil`i3
Avnvb cwZiva w`em cvjb Kiv nq Ges gywRei evmfebmn me ^vaxb
evsjv`ki cZvKv Dvjb4 Kiv nq|
Bqvwnqvi mv_ 16 gvP i nIqv AvjvPbvi AMMwZ wbj eYbv Ki 24
gvP ZvRDwb ejb, AvIqvgx jxM AvjvPbv Avi `xNvwqZ KiZ cZ
bq|
24 gvP weKvj _K 25 gvP ivZ 10Uv mvo 10Uv ch mvvr KiZ Avmv
mKjK gywRe XvKv Qo hvIqvi wb`k `b| AvMZ cvq cZKi mv_ wZwb
Zvi cQbi Ni 1 wgwbU Ki K_v ejb Ges GK GK mKjK we`vq `b|
Nwb mnKgxiv ZuvK AvMvcbi Abyiva Kivi Reve wZwb ejb:5
AvgvK wbq Zviv Kv_vq ivLwe? evsjv`k AvMvcb me bq
(AvMvcb wZwb AfI bb)| Avgvi nqZv gZz ne, wK evsjv`k
^vaxb neB|
2
3

wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, fvi cKvkbx, XvKv, 2001, cv 299
gywRei wb`k QvjxMi mfvcwZ b~i Avjg wmxKx I mvaviY mv`K kvnvRvb wmivR
Ges WvKmyi mn-mfvcwZ Avmg Avyi ie I mvaviY mv`K Avyj Kzym gvLb -GB Pvi
bZv wgj 1 gvP ^vaxb evsjv Qv msMvg cwil` MVb Kib| Abiv cve Kiv mI
11-`dv LvZ Qv msMvg cwil`K mwq Kiv ev Abvb Qv bZv`i wbq msMvg cwil`
MVb Kivi cve MnY bv Ki QvjxM bZZ msKxYZvi cwiPq `q| gywhyi ci bvbv
AcKgi Rb Giv Pvi Lwjdv AvLv ch Dcnvmi cv nb
KqKRb Drmvnx QvjxM Kgxi D`vM wbDgvKUi Gcvjv _K Kvco wKb cvK
dvkvbi RbK AevOvwj `wRK w`q GKwU cZvKv Zwi Kiv nq| meyR Rwgb jvj
ei gvS evsjv`ki njy` gvbwP LwPZ cZvKvwUi bKkv Kib wkx wkebvivqb `vk| 2
gvP eUZjvi Qvmfvq hvM`vbKvix GKwU wgwQj ^Z:Zfve GwU enb Kiv nq Ges
RbZvi Drmvn g Zzj c`kb Kiv nq| G Av`jB ci ^vaxb evsjvi cZvKv Zwi nq
Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 9

K_vgyL

15

knii Aevi eYbv b wZwb ejb :

Avgvi KvQ me Lei AvQ| Bqvwnqv Lvb XvKv Qvovi ciB AvgY i
ne| Avwg evwo Qo Pj Mj nvbv`viiv Avgvi Rb XvKv knii mKj
jvKK nZv Kie| Avgvi Rb Avgvi RbMYi Rxeb hvKGUv PvB bv| 6

gvPi c_g _KB gywRe mk msMvgi mg~n mvebv `LZ cvb Ges 19
gvP wZwb I Kbj Imgvbx AvjvPbv Ki Gi Lywu UbvwU w`K cZ
Kib|7 GK_v ejv njI eve mk msMvg ev ^vaxbZvhy mK gywRe ev AvIqvgx
jxMi Kvbv cwZ wQj bv| 25 gvP ivZ cyibv XvKvi GKUv evwoZ mKji
cKwZ nIqvi K_v wQj wK eez Zvi evmfeb _K evBi AvmZ ivwR bv
nIqvq mB wmv evwZj nq hvq Ges GKBmv_ Zuvi mv_ Abvb`i
hvMvhvMI wewQb nq hvq|
GB gyn~ Z Zvgiv Avgvi evwo Qo Pj hvI| Avi Zvgv`i `vwqZ
Zvgiv cvjb Kie| gywRei GB kl Avv wkivavh Ki evwivi AvgxiDj Bmjvg I W. Kvgvj nvmb Zv`i `jbZv ZvRDwbi evmvq Avmb|
ZvRDwb AvMvcb BZZ KiwQjb| fM gbvi_ nq evwoZ emwQjb
wbRK fvMi Dci Qo w`q| cib jywO, Mvq cvvwe, cvq Kvcoi RyZv,
GK Kuva Svjvbv evM I Ab Kuva GKwU ivBdj wbq ewiq Gjb
ZvRDwb| i nj AwbwZ hvv| avbgwi (ZrKvjxb) 15 b^i moKi
KvQvKvwQ Gj Avxqi evmvq _K hvIqvi BQvq W. Kvgvj Mvwo _K bg
hvb (GKK wmv GB bg hvIqvZB wZwb MdZvi nq cvwKvb
KvivMvi bxZ nb)| ZvRDwb I Avgxi-Dj jvjgvwUqvq ijIqi GKKvji
wPd Bwwbqvi Mdzi mvnei evwoZ Avkq bb| A wKQyYi gaB i
nq hvq Acvikb mvPjvBU Ges ciw`b Kvdz|
27 gvP c_B wVKvbv, c_B Me cuQ `e fe, Dfq ivqi evRvi
w`q b`x cvi nq, nuU beveM cuQb| ciw`b Zuviv gvUimvBKj hvM
cvi cvo, Gi ciw`b bKvq cv cvi nq Nvovq Po dwi`cyi, mLvb _K
wiv-evm I nuU gviv Ges Gi ciw`b wRchvM Zuviv mvnive nvmbmn
wSbvB`n cuQb; Gici PzqvWvv nq mxgv cvwo w`q fviZ hvb| Pjvi
c_ cvi cvoi AvMviMuvIq ivwhvcbKvj ^vaxbevsjv eZvi ^vaxbZvi
NvlYv bZ cvb| gviv, Kzwqv, PzqvWvv, gnicyi, hkvi cfwZ vb
cwZiva-Av`vjb `LZ cvb| vb vb Zviv eVK Ki gbvej I msMvg
Rvi`vi Kivi cqvm cvb| Aev` Zv`i gb nj, mviv evsjvq MYhy i
nq MQ|
6
7

Avgxi-Dj-Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 11

W. gvnvv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm , PZz_ L (gywhy ce),
MjvK, XvKv, 1991, cv 123

16

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

cjvqbx gbvew wbq bq, ^vaxb `ki ^vaxb miKvii cwZwbwai ghv`v
wbq cwZekx `k ceki BQvq, mv_ Avmv gnicyii gnKzgv ckvmK
ZIwdK Gjvnx I wSbvB`ni GmwWwcI gvneyeDwbK mxgvi Icvi
cvVvbv nq| KqKNv ci Icvi _K KqKRb Gm mvgwiK Kvq`vq
Awfev`b Rvwbq h_vchy mvb w`q Zuv`i QvDwbZ wbq hvq Ges mv_
mv_ w`wji m hvMvhvM Ki| ivZ 8Uvi w`K weGmGdi AvwjK cavb
MvjK gRyg`vi QvDwbZ Gm Zuv`i `yRbK wbq wbR wRc Pvwjq KjKvZvq
`g`g wegvbe`i cuQb| wRc _K bvwgq Zuv`i GKwU Acgvb eo
Kvjv iOi MvwoZ Zvjv nq| Ggb mgq w`wj _K Avmv GKwU wegvb _K
bg weGmGd-cavb igwR mvRv Zuv`i MvwoZ DVb| Mvwo Gm Avmvg
nvDm _vg| mLvbB Zuv`i _vKvi eev Kiv nq| ivZB weGmGdi wewfb
cavb`i WvKv nq Ges Mfxi ivZ i nq eVK| AvIqvgx jxMi K`xq I
cv`wkK cwil` m`mmn bZv`i GKwU ZvwjKv Zwi I mve Aevbi K_v
DjL Ki Zv`i mv_ hvMvhvMi Rb wewfb mxgvduvwoZ ciY Kiv
nq|
Bw`iv-ZvRDwb eVK
1 Gwcj 1971 ivZ 10Uvq iIqvbv nq mvsevw`K I Abvb hvx`i `w Gwoq
GKwU mvgwiK gvjevnx wegvbi KKwcU Po ciw`b fvi Zuviv w`wj cuQb|
cwZiv KjvwbZ weGmGdi GKwU AwZw_kvjvq Zuv`i iL MvjK gRyg`vi
I igwR Bw`iv Mvxi mv_ Zuv`i eVKi eev Kivi KvR wj nb| 4
Gwcj ZvRDwb I Bw`ivi ga GKv eVK AbywZ nq|
Gi AvM 31 gvP fviZxq cvjvgU miKvi MwVZ nqQ RvbZ cvij
ceevsjvi RbMYi msMvgK mvnvh8 Kivi K_v weePbv Kiv ne ej GKwU
cve cvm Ki| Bw`ivi mv_ eVKi ci ZuvivI GKwU miKvi MVbi K_v
weklfve Dcjw Kib| miKvi Qvov KvR Gbv hvQ bv| AvIqvgx jxMi
kxlv bxq bZv`i K Kv_vq Kx Aevq AvQb Rvbv bB| A_P mgq `Z
eq hvQ| klch MiR eo evjvB gb `yRb gywRe-MwVZ nvB Kgvi
m`m`i wbq miKvi MVbi cwiKbv Kib| cavbgx K neb?
ZvRDwbi cki Di Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg wavnxb fve ejjb, 25 gvPi
ci _K AvR ch whwb cavb `vwqZ cvjb Ki AvmQb wZwbB...|9 A_vr
ZvRDwb|
ciw`b (5 Gwcj) ZvRDwb Avevi Bw`iv Mvxi mv_ mvvr Kib|
8
9

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, (gywhy ce), c~ev cv 200

Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 36

K_vgyL

17

evsjv`ki MwVZe miKviK fviZi gvwUZ Mvcb Aevb Bw`iv mwZ

`b| gywhvv`i cwkY, A, kiYv_x`i Avkq I Lv`i eev Ges
GKwU eZvikb vcbi welq AvjvPbv nq| bZv`i LuvRLei bqvi Rb
GKwU QvU wegvbi eev Kiv nq| hy mnvqZv Kivi Rb Rbvij (Ae.)
bM` wmsK `vwqZ `qv nq|
w`wjZ emB cavbgx ZvRDwbi GKwU fvlY iPbv I Uc Kiv nq| 8
Gwcj KjKvZv wdi Gm Zuviv `LZ cvb, ZZw`b ek wKQy `jxq bZv I
RbcwZwbwa GLvb Gm cuQQb| KjKvZv cuQB Zuviv gZvi i
Avfvm cjb| G-K_v iv nq wMqwQj h, ZvRDwb wbRK evsjv`k
miKvii cavbgx cwiPq w`q Bw`iv Mvxi mv_ mvvr KiQb| miKvi
MVbi msev` Am `jxq bZvKgx I RbcwZwbwa`i GK eVK BZvga
Kvgvivgvbi DcwwZZ AbywZ nq| eVKi mvaviY AwfgZ, gZv
KzwMZ Kivi RbB w`wj hvIqv nqQ| GZ Zvovov Ki w`wj bv wMq
bZv`i wekl Ki nvBKgvi m`m`i Avmvi Rb Acv Kiv DwPZ wQj|
ZvQvov ZvRDwbi ^-D`vM cavbgxi cwiPq `vb DwPZ nqwb| knii
wewfb vb Mc-Mc G-AvjvPbv nQ hv ZvRDwbi Rb LyeB weeZKi|
ZvRDwb I Avgxi-Dj Kvgvivgvbi mv_ mvvr Ki mg NUbv e
Kij wZwb HKefve wmv bqvi K_v ejb Ges mRb ivZ jW wmbnv
ivW GKwU eVK em| kL dRjyj nK gwY Zvi eZvq ejb :

18

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
neb| ZZxqZ, Avgiv eezi wbqvwRZ nvBKgv wbq Avqx miKvii
gwmfv MVbi cwiKbv KiwQ gv|
Avwg AviI ejjvg, evsjv`k eviv fuyBqvi `k| evivwU wecex KvDwj
Mo IVv wewP wKQy bq| Avgv`i AekB AvBbMZ miKvi `iKvi| Kbbv,
AvBbMZ miKvi Qvov Kvbv we`kx iv Avgv`i mvnvh Kie bv| cw_exi
wewfb `ki ^vaxbZv msMvgi BwZnvm GKwU wbevwPZ miKvii bZZ
`qvi myhvM Lye KgB nqQ| ^vwaKvi cwZvi AwaKvi GKwU AvRvwZK
bxwZ| h Kvbv RbMvxi, Zv`i wbevwPZ miKvi viv kvwmZ nIqvi
AwaKvi iqQ| cvwKvb nvbv`vi evwnbx evsjvi gvbyli m MYZvwK
AwaKvii Aegvbbv KiQ| ZvB Avgv`i miKvi cwZvi AwaKvi niYB
nQ RbMYi AwaKvi niY|
kL gwYi ee Lb Kivi Rb `ywU hyw w`jvg| kL gwYi cvweZ
wecex KvDwj hw` wewfb gZvej^xiv `yBwU, cuvPwU ev mvZwU MVb Ki
Zvnj RbMY I gywhvviv KvbwUi Av`k gb Pje bv| Kvb&
KvDwji mv_ we`ki miKvi mnhvwMZv Kie? GB GKvwaK
KvDwj MVbi mvebvB bq wK?
miKvi cwZvi AwaKviB nQ RbMYi AwaKvi cwZv Kiv| AvRK mB
AwaKvi cwZv bv Ki Ab Kvbv wecex KvDwj MVb Kiv nj RbMYi
gwjK AwaKviK Aegvbbv Kiv ne| mUv wbqB Avgv`i Dk bq|11

DcwZ cvq mKjB kL gwYi ee mg_b Kib| eewU hnZz

ZvRDwbK Dk Ki, ZvB Zuvi c cvv Reve `qv kvfb bq fe
Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg Zuv`i w`wj hvIqvi mg_b I kL gwYi eei wec
hyw ck Ki ejb :

Avgxi-Dj Bmjvgi eei ci wgRvb Payix I kL gwY Qvov DcwZ

mKj Zv`i cei gbvfve cwieZb Kib| Kvgvivgvb Avgxi-DjK WK
kL gwYi K_v Abyhvqx wecex cwil` MVb Kiv hvq wKbv cybt wRvmv Kib|
Di Avgxi-Dj Zv Kiv nj hy wecb ne ejvq wZwb Avi Kvbv cwZev`
Kibwb| mekl ZvRDwb eZv `b| DcwZ mKj miKvi MVb msv
Zuvi ee gb bb| GKwU eo wechvqi nvZ _K gywhy iv cvq|
cew bavwiZ KgmwP Abyhvqx `jxq bZe `i LuvR 10 Gwcj wegvbhvM
wewfb Aj mdii eev Kiv nq| wegvbwU wQj LyeB QvU| 5/6wU Avmb|
ZvZ PoB ZvRDwb, gbmyi Avjx, kL gwY, Zvdvqj Avng`, Avgxi-Dj I
bM` wms AvMiZjv iIbv nb|
weKvj evMWvMiv e`i wegvb _K bg wRc mKj wkwjwo hvb|
kni _K AbK `i mxgvi Lye KvQ GKwU evsjvZ MvjK gRyg`vi
Zv`i Af_bv Rvbvb| GLvb Kvbv GKwU Rj _K Mvcb eZviK`i
gvag ZvRDwbi H UcKZ fvlY cPvwiZ ne|
G mgq Zvdvqj Avng` wKQyUv Amy nq cob| kL gwY wKQy wb`k mn
ZvK KjKvZv cvwVq `b| gbmyi AvjxI Ri Avv nq cob| Zvi mv_

10

11

^vaxbZvhy i nqQ, eez k wkwei ew`, evsjvi hyeKiv eyKi

ZvRv i w`Q, GLb Kvbv gwmfv MVb Kiv Pje bv| gw gw Ljv
GLb mvR bv| GLb hyi mgq| mKjK iY hZ ne| iY
Mo DVe Avmj bZZ| GB hy cwiPvjvi Rb GKwU wecex KvDwj MVb
KiZ ne|10

w`wj hvvi ce Avgv`i Rvbv wQj bv Kviv euP AvQb Ges KvK Kv_vq
cvIqv hve| wZxq hyw njv, Bw`iv Mvxi mv_ ZvRDwb fvB `ji
mvaviY mv`K wnme K_v ejQb| `ji mfvcwZ eezi AbycwwZZ
mvaviY mv`K wnme K_v ejvi GLwZqvi ZvRDwb fvBqi iqQ|
ZvQvov fviZi cavbgxi mv_ cv_wgK AvjvPbv nqQ gv| fwelZ
AviI AvjvPbv ne| ZLb `ji Abvb bZe` AskMnY KiZ mg_

Avgxi-Dj-Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 40

Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 41-42

K_vgyL

19

10

20

ewk Ki eySvZ PvBj kL gwY Rvbvb, Zviv eez _K gZvcv|

AZGe Zv`i wmv mK Kviv ck Zvjv DwPZ bq| G mgq
ZvRDwb fvB AvgvK ejb, Avwg hb MvjK gRyg`viK Rvwbq `B h,
cavbgxi eZv AvR cPvi Kiv ne bv| G-evcvi cieZx wmv ZvK
h_vmgq Rvbvbv ne|
MvjK gRyg`viK dvb Ki RvbvB h AvR eZv cPvi Kiv ne bv| GK_v b wZwb hb AvKvk _K cojb| wZwb cvv ck Kib, wej^ Kiv
wK wVK ne? wZwb ejb, h-gyn~Z mewKQy wVK-VvK m-gyn~Z Zv wMZ
ivLj me gnj h ck `Lv `e, Zv Avgiv fe `LwQ wKbv| BwZga
iKW-Kiv KvmU wbavwiZ vb (Rj) cuQ MQ|
Avwg MvjK gRyg`viK ejjvg, KvmU hw` cvwVq _vKb Zvnj cPvi
Ki w`b| gywhyi BwZnvm GB GKwUgv wmv GKKfve wbqwQjvg|
GB w`b wQj `kB Gwcj| iwWI Ab Ki iL LZ emwQ| LvIqvi
Uwej ZvRDwb fvB I kL gwY AvQb| ivZ ZLb mvo bUv| mB
AvKvwZ gyn~Z Avmj| c_g Avgvi K fm Avmj| NvlYvq Avwg
ejwQjvg, evsjv`ki cavbgx Rbve ZvRDwb Avng` eZv `eb|
cavbgxi eZv cPvwiZ nj| mviv wekevmx bj ^vaxb evsjv miKvii
cavbgxi eZvi-eZv| Avgv`i msMvgi K_v `k-we`k Qwoq coj|

G-mgq cevmx miKvii cavbgxi c` wbq Avgxi-Dj AvjvPbv Kib| ce

cvwKvb cv`wkK cwil`i msm`xq `ji bZv wnme cKZ cve wZwbB
cavbgx c`i ^vfvweK `vwe`vi| Aci GKwU mgZ, AvbycweK NUbvmg~n
weklY Ki gbmyi Avjx AwfgZ `b h, ZvRDwb Avng`i ivRbwZK
AvPiY I bwZKZv mwVK nqwb| Zey eZgvb Aevi cwZ cavbgxic
ZvRDwbK gb bqv eZxZ MZi bB|12 Avgxi-DjK Zvi gZ Rvwbq
gbmyi Avjx ejb, ZvRDwb cavbgx nj wZwb Kvbv Avcw Kieb bv|
nvB Kgvi cuvPRbi ga wZbRb mZ nIqvq aviYv Kiv nq, ZvRDwbK
cavbgxic gb wbZ cvweZ Dc-ivcwZ Z_v Avqx ivcwZ mq`
bRij Bmjvg Avcw Kieb bv| Avi PviRb GKgZ nj L`Kvi
gvkZvKKI ivwR Kivbv me ne|
cavbgxi eZvi fvlY
Gevi cavbgxi fvlY cPvii cvjv| iKWKZ KvmU MvjK gRyg`vii KvQ
`qv nj| wZwb Zv wbq wbw` vb Pj Mjb| wK eva mvajb kL gwY|
wZwb AvMiZjv wMq RbcwZwbwa I `jxq bZv-Kgx`i mv_ eVK Ki miKvi
MVbi cve Kib| Ab_vq, weic cwZwqv ne ejI wZwb DjL
Kib|13 Gic Aevq Avevi GwMq Gjb evwivi Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg| Zvi
fvlvq:14
Avwg miKvi MVbi c cybivq hyw w`jvg| Avwg ejjvg, miKvi MVb
KiZ wej^ nj msKU Aviv ew cve Ges wZi mvebvB ewk| ZvQvov
miKvi MVbi cwiKbv Zv bZzb wKQy bq| gbmyi fvB I Kvgvivgvb
fvB ZvRDwb fvBK cavbgx wnme gb wbqQb| mq` bRij
Bmjvg I L`Kvi gvkZvK Avng`i ZLbv `Lv bB| Zviv Kv_vq, Kx
Aevq AvQb, m Lei GLbv Avmwb| BwZga ezivi mv_ Avgv`i
wKQyUv ivRbwZK mK Mo DVQ, miKvi MVb wej^ nj ZvI bmvr
nevi mvebv iqQ| miKvi MVb Kivi evcvi fviZ-miKviK Avgiv
Avkvm w`qwQ| ZvZ wej^ nj Avgv`i bZZ mKI Zviv m`n cvlY
Kieb| Avgv`i ga h Kv`j iqQ Kvbv AevZB Zv evBi cKvk
nZ `qv DwPZ bq| fviZ miKviI Rvbb, Avgv`i eZv wkwjwoi GB
Rj _K AvR cPvwiZ ne| Avgvi Gme K_v kL gwY gvbZ ivwR bb|

12
13

14

AavcK Avey mvBwq`, Rj nZvKv, vbKvl cKvkbx, XvKv, 1991, cv 5

wPib mZvi GB eZvi-eZvi cPvi e Kivi Rb Bw`iv Mvxi KvQ 42 Rb AvIqvgx
jxM I hye bZvi ^vi msewjZ GKwU cwZev`wjwc cvVvb [W. gvnv` nvbbvb,
evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, gywhy ce, c~ev, cv 201]
Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 44 - 45

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

ciw`b 11 Gwcj Lye wbPz w`q wegvb Dwoq `y`ki mxgv msjM
e`i bg bg AvIqvgx jxM bZe `i LuvR wbZ wMq mq` bRij
Bmjvg15 I Ave`yj gvbvbK cvIqv hvq Ges mKj AvMiZjv cuQb|
mxgveZx wegvbe`iB ZvRDwb mq` bRijK GKv MZw`bjvi
NUbvewj AewnZ Kib| wZwb me Rb Lywk nb Ges ZvRDwbK cavbgx
wnme gveviKev` Rvbvb|
mk evwnbxi cavb c` Imgvbxi `vwqZ MnY
BZvga Kbj Imgvbx, L`Kvi gvkZvK, Gg Avi wmwKx, Ri Avng`
Payix, Ave`ym mvgv` AvRv`, ZvniDwb VvKzi, gvneye Avjg Pvlx mn AbK
bZvKgx AvMiZjv Gm cuQQb| mvwKU nvDm cyivUv evsjv`kxZ cY|
Imgvbx I bM` wms wfb GKwU Ni Aevb Kib| Imgvbx GiB ga hyi
cwiKbv I Aki ZvwjKv Zwi Ki djQb| ZvK mk evwnbxi
cavbi `vwqZfvi MnYi AvgY Rvbvbv nj| wZwb Gi cekZ wnme hyi
15

25 gvP ivZ mq` bRij Zvi Avxq Wv. Avjxg Payixi evbi cyivbv cbi evmvq
Avmb| 29 gvP ZuvK ciPzjv, kvwo I eviKv cwiq Ab Avxq Avng` mvnei evmvq
wbq hvIqv nq| mLvb _K wZwb c_g wKkviM Mvgi evwo Ges ci fviZ hvb

K_vgyL

21

mvRmivgi K_v DjL Kib|16

gxmfv PovKiY I gywRebMi kc_MnY
ivZ Lvevii ci bZe`i eVK i nq| L`Kvi gvkZvK LyeB gbtzY|
cvwKvb RvZxq cwil`i wKvi c` cv_x wnme Zvi bvg cvweZ wQj|17
wbRK wZwb memgq wmwbqi AvIqvgx jxMvi fveZb| wZwb wQjb cavbgx
c`cv_x| mUvi mvebv bB `L wZwb L`i mv_ ejb, ZvK hb gvq
cvwVq `qv nq Ges gZzi ci jvk hb evsjv`k wdwiq Avbv nq| mvivivZ
ai kjvcivgk Pj| Aekl ciiv gYvjq cvIqvi kZ wZwb gwmfvq
_vKZ ivwR nb| eVK BZvga bqv mKj c`c Abygv`b `qv nq| G
eVKK AvIqvgx jxM msm`xq `ji c_g eVK ejv hZ cvi| GB eVKi
wmvi Ici wbfi KiwQj evsjv`ki ^vaxbZv msMvgi fwelr| bZe `
G eVK ew I Mvx^v_i Ea RvZxq ^v_ ivq wePYZvi cwiPq `b|
17 Gwcj `ycyi gywRebMi18 gxmfv AvbyvwbKfve kc_ MnY Ki|
JcbvwmK mybxj Mvcvavqi eYbvq :
wKQy jvK mLvb (QvU GKwU g) `ov`wo Ki Pqvi mvRvQ,
AwaKvskB nvZj fvOv, KvQvKvwQ Mvgi evwojv _K hvMvo Ki Avbv|
RvqMvwUK wNi ivBdj Avi GjGgwR nvZ cwRkb wbq `uvwoq AvQ
cuwPk wZwikRb mb, Zv`i wVK gywevwnbxi Qj ej gb nq bv, Lye
meZ cvb B cvwKvb ivBdji GKwU we`vnx evwnbx|...
Avkcvki Mvg _K aq AvmQ wecyj RbZv| Aavix mbv`i e f`
Ki Zviv ogyo Ki fZi XzK coZ cviQ bv ej AbKB
AvgMvQjvZ PoZ i KiQ| 19

11

22

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

NvlYv21 c cvV Kib | Avqx ivcwZ gx`i kc_evK cvV Kivb| fvlY
`b Avqx ivcwZ I cavbgx| AbyvbwU cwiPvjbv Kib Ave`yj gvbvb|
`kx-we`kx e mvsevw`K Abyvb cZ Kib Ges KjKvZvq wdi wMq
weki wewfb vb GB msev` cwiek Ki ^vaxbZvi c RbgZ Movq
mnvqZv Kib|
10 Gwcj ^vaxbZvi NvlYvc cKvk I cavbgx ZvRDwbi fvlY
eZvi cPvi Ges 17 Gwcj gwmfvi m`m`i AvbyvwbK kc_ MnY ^vaxbZv
msMvgK GKwU wfwi Dci vcb Kivq| wK miKvi MVbi weicI em
_vKwb| Zviv ZvRDwbi cwZ AwaKvski mg_b bB ej AccPvi Ki|
GB Aevq wkwjwoi Rj 5 I 6 RyjvB AvIqvgx jxMi wbevwPZ m`me` I
`jxq bZv`i GK h_mfv AbywZ nq| mfvq miKvii Kvhg I fwelr
KgmwP wbq LvjvLywjfve wevwiZ AvjvPbvi ci gywRebMi miKvi wekl
Ki cavbgx ZvRDwbi cwZ Avv I mg_b cKvk Kiv nq| GB mg_bi
Dci wfw KiB ZvRDwbi bZZ gywRebMi miKvi hymn hveZxq KvR
cwiPvjbv Kib Ges 16 wWm^i 1971 `k kgy nq|

gvneye Dxb I ZIwdK Gjvnx gZvi BwcAvi-Gi 4 DBs-Gi GKwU

mymwZ `j Kvb gvneyeyj nvmvbi bZZ Avqx ivcwZ mq` bRij
BmjvgK MvW Ae Abvi20 c`vb Kib| AavcK BDmyd Avjx ^vaxbZvi
16
17
18

19
20

Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 48

G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZKvix? (Abyev` mvqv` Kwig I nvwdRyi iwk` nxib), wkLv
cKvkbx, XvKv, 1992, cv 66
gnicyi Rjvi e`bv_Zjvi GKwU AvgevMvb| GK mvsevw`Ki cki Reve cavbgx
ZvRDwb G vbK gywRebMi bvgKiY Kib| ci G bvg DcRjv nqQ| GB
kc_vbyvb 14 Gwcj PzqvWvvq nIqvi K_v wQj| PzqvWvvK ivRavbx Kivi K_v cKvk nq
covq 13 Gwcj cvKevwnbx PzqvWvv `Lj Ki bq| Gi ci gvbwP `L gywRebMiK
Dchy vb wnme wbaviY Kiv nq
mybxj Mvcvavq, c~e- cwg, wZxq L, Avb` cvewjkvm wjwgUW, KjKvZv, 1989, cv
85-87
Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 54 I gywhy evsjv`k ivBdjm
iwYKv 1989, cv 7-14

21

^vaxbZvi NvlYvcwU 10 Gwcj 1971 cKvwkZ nq| Gi c~Y weeiYi Rb cwiwk 1

co~b|

`k Movi Kvhg

23

`k Movi Kvhg
nvbv`vi cvwKvwb evwnbxi wbtkZ AvmgcYi ga w`q 16 wWm^i 1971
evsjv`k kgy nq| Gi `yw`b ci ^vaxb evsjv`k miKvii gyL mwPe
ij Kzym I cywjk gnvcwi`kK Ave`yj LvjK XvKvq cuQ Zv`i Kvhfvi
MnY1 Kib| Avqx ivcwZ mq` bRij Bmjvg I cavbgx ZvRDxb
Avng` Ges miKvii Abvb bZe`2 22 wWm^i gywRebMi/KjKvZv _K
XvKvq cZveZb Kib| XvKvevmx Zuv`iK cvYXvjv mseabv vcb Ki|
ciw`b 23 wWm^i XvKvq AbywZ gwmfvi c_g eVKi gvag i nq bZzb
c_hvv|
Abw`K kL gywReK cvY` w`j cwg cvwKvwbiv Avi `k wdiZ
cvie bv Avkv Ki gywReK 22 wWm^i cvwKvbi wgqvbIqvwj KvivMvii
KbWgbW mj _K vbvwiZ Ki Mnew` Ki ivLv nq| ciw`b ZuvK
ivIqvjwcwZ Avbv nq Ges 24 wWm^i RyjwdKvi fzv Zuvi mv_ mvvZ
Kib| 6 Rvbyqvwi 1972 gywReK Mnew`Z _K gyw `Iqv nq Ges 8
Rvbyqvwi wcAvBGi GKwU wegvb DwVq jb cvwVq `Iqv nq| 10 Rvbyqvwi
wZwb jb _K w`jx nq XvKv cuQb| wcq-bZvK GK bRi `Lvi Rb
1

10 wWm^i 1971 gwcwil` wmv nq h, h mKj KgKZv-KgPvwi ki Aaxb

`LjKZ GjvKvq PvKzwiiZ wQjb, webvwePvi Zv`i kvw `Iqv ne bv| hyKvj Awdm
ZvM Ki evsjv`ki Afi emevmKvixMY c~ec` hvM`vb Kieb Ges eZgvb
KgiZiv IGmwW neb| ^vaxb ivi ckvmwbK KvR i Kivi Rb 17 wWm^i `ki
19wUi me KwU Rjvq WcywU Kwgbvi I cywjk mycvi(BbUbWU) wbqvM Kiv nq| 19
wWm^i iveevi mvvwnK QywUi w`b nIqv mI ^vaxbZvi AveM-Avb` AvcZ
y miKvwi
KgPvwiMY KvR hvM`vb Kib
gywRebMi miKvii Abvb gwMY njb : G.GBP. Gg. Kvgvivgvb (^iv, vY I
cybevmb), Kvb Gg gbmyi Avjx (A_), Lv`Kvi gvkZvK Avng` (ciiv I AvBb)|
ci 27 wWm^i 1971 kL Ave`yj AvwRR, dwYflY gRyg`vi, Ave`ym mvgv` AvRv` I
Ri Avng` PayixK Ges 28 wWm^i AavcK BDmyd AvjxK gwmfvq Afy Kiv
nq| 29 wWm^i Zv`i `vwqZ ebKvj ciiv gbvjqi `vwqZ gvkZvKi cwieZ
mvgv` AvRv`i Dci b Kiv nq Ges gvkZvKK Kiv nq AcvKZ Kg iZc~Y ebv
wbqY, cvwb m` I we`yr Dbqb gx

12

24

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

j j RbZv wegvbe`i I ivRc_ bg Avm| Gic RbmgvMg AfZce|

ZrKvjxb ZRMuvI wegvbe`i _K imKvm gq`vb cuQZ ZuvK enbKvix
MvwowUi Pvi Nv mgq jvM|
ivcwZ kL gywReyi ingvb 11 Rvbyqvwi evsjv`k Avqx msweavb Av`k
1972 Rvwii3 gvag `k e AvKvwZ msm`xq cwZi miKvi eevi
ceZb Kib Ges ciw`b wePvicwZ Avey mvC` Payix ivcwZ, kL gywReyi
ingvb cavbgx I Abvb4 11 Rb gx wnme kc_ MnY Kib|
fviZxq evwnbxi cZvMgb I fviZ-evsjv`k mK
23 bf^i 1971 gywRebMi miKvi KZK
KZ `vwei cwicwZ fviZ 6
wWm^i ^vaxb-mvefg iv wnme evsjv`kK AvbyvwbKfve ^xKwZ c`vb
Ki| ciw`b Dfq ivi ga ^vwiZ GK Pzw gvZveK gywevwnbxK
fviZxq Bvb Kgvi AwabvqK j. R. RMwRr wms Aivivi Kgv b
Kiv nq| 14 wWm^i cvwKvwb nvbv`vi`i Zuve`vi Mfbi gwcwil`mn
c`ZvM Ki| ciw`b mvq Di, `wY, ce I Di-ce w`K _K fviZevsjv`k h_evwnbx XvKvi DcK mgeZ nq Ze j.R. Avwgi Ave`yjvn
Lvb wbqvwRi Abyiva 15 wWm^i weKvj 05-30 wg: _K 16 wWm^i weKvj
03-00 wg: ch hyweiwZ cvjb Kiv nq| 16 wWm^i mKvj 10-40 wg:
h_evwnbx XvKv kni cek Ki Ges weKvj 04-55 wg: (fviZxq cgvY-mgq
16-31 Nv) imKvm gq`vb (eZgvb mvnivIqv`x D`vb) AvmgcY `wjj5
^vii gvag cvwKvwb evwnbxi civRq NU| 17 Rvbyqvwi 1972-Gi ga
AvmgcYKvix 93 nvRvi hyew` mKjK fviZ vbvi Kiv nq| GB hy
1,978 Rb fviZxq mb wbnZ I AvnZ nq KqK nvRvi|6
h_evwnbxi cavb R. Aiviv 19 wWm^i c` GK NvlYvq ejb,
fviZxq evwnbx cqvRbi AwZwi mgq evsjv`k Aevb Kie bv| XvKvmn
me fviZxq evwnbxK evsjv`ki gvbyl AvwiK ^vMZ Rvbvq| jb
UvBgmi cwZe`K wcUvi nvRjnvi fvlvq :7
RbMY fviZxq mb`iK Zv`i vYKZv wnme MnY Ki Ges mb`i
3

5
6
7

10 Gwcj 1971 evsjv`k MYcwil` KZK gywRebMi RvwiKZ ^vaxbZvi NvlYvc

c` cRvZi mKj wbevnx I AvBb cYqb gZv ej ivcwZ GB msweavb Av`k Rvwi
Kib
gwmfvi Abvb m`me` njb : 1. mq` bRij Bmjvg 2. ZvRDwb Avng` 3.
Kvb gbmyi Avjx 4. Lv`Kvi gvkZvK Avng` 5. Ave`ym mvgv` AvRv` 6. GGBP Gg
Kvgvivgvb 7. kL Ave`yj AvwRR 8. AavcK BDmyd Avjx 9. Ri Avng` Payix 10.
dwYflY gRyg`vi I 11. W. Kvgvj nvmb
AvmgcY `wjji Rb `qv Ki cwiwk 2 co~b
mq` Aveyj gKmy`, fvmvbx (c_g L), XvKv, 1986, cv 399
GGj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? wkLv cKvkbx, XvKv, 1992 cv 87

`k Movi Kvhg

25

13

26

cwZ KVvi wb`k _vKvq Zviv nZeywZvi mv_ cvq mKj vb _K Avmv

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
webvg~ji Dcnvi Ges Lv` cZvLvb Ki| bq gvmi AwfZvi ci
evOvwjiv cKvk fviZxq mbvevwnbxi ckvavix HwZn I hvMZvi cksmv
Ki|

miKvi Z_v kL gywRei GKwU weij KwZZ njv fviZxq evwnbxK

AfvweZ A mgqi ga Zv`i `k diZ cvVvbv| c ev wec,
AvgY ev AvgY h Kvb Dcj Kvb we`kx mb GKevi XzK coj
G`i diZ cvVvbv LyeB KwVb, AbK mgq Ame nq co| wZxq
wekhyvi BDivci wewfb `k Gi cgvY iqQ| mw`K _K, hyvi
evsjv`k AvBb-kLjv cwiwwZi h_ DbwZ nIqvi AvMB, AbKUv SuywK
wbq gv wZb gvmi ga wgevwnbxK diZ cvVvbv wQj GK Amva mvab|
12 gvP 1972 XvKv wWqvg fviZxq evwnbxi we`vqx KzPKvIqvR AbywZ
nq Ges 15 gvPi ga Zv`i cZvMgb mb nq| we`vqx fQv evYxZ
gywRe Zv`i Dk ejb8 :
Avgv`i gnvmsKUi mgq Avcbv`i cmvwiZ mvnvhK Avgiv me`v Mfxi
KZZvi mv_ iY Kiev| ... BQv _vKjI evsjv`ki RbMY Zv`i
AvwZ_qZvi n Avcbv`i w`K cmvwiZ KiZ cviwb| KviY cvwKvwb
mbvevwnbxi asmhi KviY Zv`i (evOvwj`i) Avi wKQyB Aewk bB|
wK Avcbv`i cwZ Zv`i iqQ AKwg fvjevmv| Avgvi Abyiva,
Avcbviv evsjv`ki RbMYi fvjevmv mv_ Ki wbq hvb|

wK `ytLRbK h, fviZxq evwnbx Zv`i mybvg kl ch AzY ivLZ

cviwb| wdi hvIqvi mgq fvjevmvi mv_ Zviv wKQy `emvgMxI wbq hvq|
Zv`i wei hkvi, Kzwgjv, XvKv I PMvg KvUbgU Ges Lyjbvi
wkvj jyUcvUi AwfhvM DV|9 fviZxq wewk jLK mybxj Mvcvavqi
jLvqI G AwfhvMi cgvY cvIqv hvq| Zuvi fvlvq :10
XvKvq GZme we`kx wRwbm cvIqv hvq, Gme Zv AvM `Lwb fviZxqiv|
iwdRviUi, wUwf, Uz-Bb-Iqvb, KvcU, wUbi LveviGBme fwZ nZ
jvMjv fviZxq mb`i UvK|...

Gme `e-mvgMx QvovI mvaviY cPvwiZ nq h, AvmgcYKZ cvwKvwb

evwnbxi mgy`q Ak fviZxq evwnbx Zv`i mv_ Ki wbq hvq| 17 Ryb
1974 RvZxq msm` c` Z_ _K Rvbv hvq, Gme A I Mvjvevi`i
en`vsk fviZ wdwiq w`qQ| Ze Gme wdwiq w`jI wZ hv nIqvi Zv nq
8
9
10

GGj LwZe, Kviv gwRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 123-24

gC`yj nvmvb, g~javiv 71, BDwcGj, XvKv, 1986, cv 245
mybxj Mvcvavq, c~e- cwg (wZxq L), Avb` cvewjkvm wjwgUW, KjKvZv, fviZ,
1989, cv 487

`k Movi Kvhg

27

MQ| `y`ki RbMY Ges miKvii gaI fvjevmvi jvj Mvjvc Zv

Awekvmi KxU nq `Lv `q| Avi ^fveRvZ fviZ-welx`i ZY Zv hvM
Ki bZzb ki|
cqvRbi AwZwi GKw`bI Aevb bv Ki ev Aevb wejw^Z Kivi Kvb
ARynvZ mw bv Ki fviZxq evwnbx hgb abev`vn, KZ jyUcvUi Rb (diZ
`qv mI) Zgwb Zviv wb`vev`vnI eU| Avi mevB Rvb h, DcKvi bq,
AcKvii K_vB gvbyli wZZ AwaKKvj vqx nq|
23 wWm^i 1971 fviZxq cavbgxi wekl `Z wW.wc. ai evsjv`ki
wea A_bxwZ cybtcwZvq me aibi mnhvwMZv c`vbi NvlYv `b|
cZzi evsjv`ki ciivgx L`Kvi gvkZvK Dfq `ki mK Divi
Nwb nIqvi Avkvev` e Kib| GgbB Aven 17 gvP 1972 fviZi
cavbgx Bw`iv Mvx evsjv`k mdi Avmb| mvnivIqv`x D`vb weklfve
wbwgZ GKwU wekvj bKvi Dci my`k Bw`iv g ZuvK cvYXvjv mseabv
`qv nq| XvKvi ivRc_ I mvnivIqv`x D`vb Rbmgy` cwiYZ nq| Bw`iv I
gywRe Dfq `y`ki Mo DVv ii ivLxeb AUzU ivLvi cZq NvlYv
Kib| gvIjvbv fvmvbx fviZ-evsjv`ki gxi wPivqxZ Kvgbv Ki weewZ
c`vb Kib| 19 gvP Dfq `ki hy NvlYv cKvwkZ nq Ges 25 eQi gqvw`
gx Pzw ^vwiZ nq|
fviZ I AvIqvgx weivaxiv wekl Ki cuPvii cUcwieZbi myweavfvMxiv G PzwK `vm-LZ, Mvjvgx Pzw wnme DjL KijI KD-B Zv
evwZj Kiwb, GgbwK Pzwi weeiY cKvkI Kiwb| h_vwbqg 25 eQi
AwZv nIqvi ci Gi gqv` Avi evovbv nqwb| Pzwi weeiY cvV Gi
ga Mvjvgxi Kvb kZ Avwevi Kiv me bv njI ivRbwZK dvq`v jyUvi
Rb Gi h_Q Aceenvi Kiv nqQ|11 ay ZvB bq, hy PjvKvj fviZi
mv_ evsjv`k Mvcb PzwZ ^vi KiQ ejI AccPvi Pvjvbv nq hv
ZvRDwb `pZvi mv_ 13 Rvbyqvwi 1974 cZvLvb Kib| elvKvj ebv I
kxZKvj cvwbi `yvcZv fviZ-evsjv`k mKi GKwU iZcY
welq| GRb h_ vwW Mc, h_ b`x Kwgkb cfwZ MVb Kiv nq| mgq
mgq gx chvq eVK AbywZ nq| 16 RyjvB 1973 Mvi cvwb eb mK
Dfq `k GKgZ bv nIqv ch dvivv euva Pvjy bv Kivi wmv nq Ges
18 Gwcj 1975 Gwelq Dfqi ga Pzw ^vwiZ nq I 21 g 1975
dvivv euva Pvjy nq|12
11
12

gx Pzwi cyiv weeiYi Rb cwiwk 3 co~b

16 g 1976 ivRkvnxi gv`vmv gq`vb AvqvwRZ GK Rbmgvek dvivv euva f woq
`qvi kc_ MnY Ki gvIjvbv fvmvbxi bZZ dvivv euva AwfgyL GK wgwQj i nq

14

28

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

12 Ryb 1972 mxgv ivq fviZ-evsjv`k h_ eev MnYi

wmvi wfwZ 1974 Gi ga-gZ gywRe-Bw`iv kxl eVK mxgv Pzw
^vwiZ nq| PzwgZ evsjv`k eievwoi cwieZ 4wU wmUgnj (enclave)
cvq| G Pzwi wei nvBKvU ixU wcwUkb Kiv nq Ges Zv LvwiR nj mycxg
KvU Avcxj Kiv nq| 1 m^i 1974 Zv-I LvwiR nq| Pzw evevqbi
j 28 bf^i 1974 msweavbi (ZZxq) mskvabx cvm Kiv nq| 1
m^i 1972 _K Dfq `ki ga cybt cvmcvU wfmv Pvjy nq|
27 AvM 1973 I 3 RyjvB 1974 h_vg fviZ-evsjv`k cigvYy
mnhvwMZv Pzw I AvKvkc_ Pzw ^vwiZ nq| 2 Rvbyqvwi 1974 fviZ
AvRvwZK evRvi `i evsjv`k _K 6 j ej KuvPv cvU Avg`vwbi Pzw
^vi Ki|
cybevmb-cybMVb
cvwKvwb KvivMvi _K gy nq 10 Rvbyqvwi 1972 ^`k cZveZb Ki
mvnivIqv`x D`vb c` fvlY gywRe ejb :
AvR mvbvi evsjvi KvwU KvwU gvbyl Mnnviv, Avkqnviv| Zviv wbtm^j|
Avwg gvbeZvi LvwZi wekevmxi cwZ Avgvi GB `ytLx gvbyl`i mvnvh `vbi
Rb GwMq AvmZ Abyiva KiwQ|
... Avgv`i mvaviY gvbyl hw` Avkq bv cvq, Lvevi bv cvq, hyeKiv hw`
PvKwi ev KvR bv cvq, Zv nj Avgv`i GB ^vaxbZv e_ nq hve cY ne
bv| Avgv`i GLb ZvB AbK KvR KiZ ne| Avgv`i ivvNvU f
13
MQ, mjv givgZ KiZ ne|...

1 Rvbyqvwi 1972 _K miKvwi eevcbvq kiYv_x`i ^`k cZveZb

i nq Ges 23 Rvbyqvwii ga gvU 98 j 93 nvRvii ga 50 j
kiYv_x cZveZb Ki| gnvmwPe IqvB nBg RvwZmsNi ^w cwil`
hywea evsjv`ki cybMVbi Rb 411 KvwU UvKvi cve ck Kib|
`kI bZzb Kvb Kivivc bv KiB 550 KvwU UvKvi evwlK Dbqb KgmwP
msewjZ cybevmb evRU ck Kiv nq| ci 4,455 KvwU UvKvi c_g cuvPkvjv
cwiKbvI MnY Kiv nq|
cybevmb-cybMVb m mgq miKvi wbic c`c MnY Ki :
z
hy-wea 4wU ijmZz wbgvY fviZi mv_ Pzw ^vi|

13

Ges ciw`b KvbmvU mxgv AbywZ mgvek Mig eZvi gvag wgwQji mgvw NU|
wRqvi mgq cvwb eb Pzw njI gqv`v Zv bevwqZ nq wb| ci kL nvwmbv gZvq
Gj 30 eQi gqvw` Pzw mvw`Z nq
wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 505

`k Movi Kvhg
z
z
z

z
z

z
z
z
z
z
z
z

29

12 RyjvB 1972 wZv ijmZz cybt PvjyKiY|

12 Avei 1972 cvKwki nvwW mZz cybt PvjyKiY|
27 m^i 1973 cybtwbgvYi ci fie mZzK knx` nvwej`vi
Avyj nvwjg mZz bvgKiY Ki Dvab|
hgybv b`xZ mZz wbgvY Rvcvbi mvnvh`vbi cve Ges 4
bf^i 1974 Rvcvbx wekl `j KZK wZb gvBj `xN G mZzi vb
wbaviY|
KvvB-XvKv we`yr jvBb I Mvqvjcvov we`yr K` cybt PvjyKiY|
ik bvweK`i cPvq gvBb AcmviY Ki PMvg mgy` e`i PjvPj
DchvMxKiY|
weAviwUwmi KvP mvwfm PvjyKiY|
jkvb 5 nvRvi jvBbi Uwjdvb GP PvjyKiY|
XvKv-eov mivmwi Uwjdvb Wvqvwjs PvjyKiY|
evsjv`k eZvii 100 wKjvIqvU kUIqf UvwgUvi PvjyKiY|
ebvbxZ bZzb ijkb Dvab|
gby b`x cK MnY| GRb XvKv-KzqZ gxPzw ^vi|
PMvg `ki c_g ckg KviLvbv Dvab|

15

30

hvq| civRq wbwZ Rb, evsjv`ki A_bxwZK asm Kivi Rb `Lj`vi

cvwKvwb evvwnbx 100 KvwU UvKvi mgcwigvY bvU Rvwjq16 `q| hyKvj
^vfvweK Abyl wnme me Drcv`b nvm cvq| 10 RyjvB 1971 wek evsKi
GK cwZe`b ejv nq, ce evsjv GLb GZB RRwiZ h, Zvi A_bwZK
mnvqZv MnY Kivi gZv gZv bB| ejv evj, hy hZ cjw^Z nqQ,
`ki `iev ZZB ew cqQ| Z`ycwi, GKwU Aab cv`wkK ckvmbK
(hvi Dci ZjvqI wQj we`kx mvgwiK-emvgwiK Avgjv) wbq GKwU ^vaxb
ivi RvZxq ckvmb Mo ZvjvI wQj LyeB KwVb KvR| GgZvevq GKwU hywea `kK Mo Zvjvi j gywRe-miKvi wewfb wbic
c`c17 MnY Ki :
z

z
z

z
z
z

ckvmb cwiPvjb
190 eQii wewUk B Bwqv Kvvwb I wewUk miKvii JcwbewkK Ges 24
eQii cvwKvwb cvq-JcwbewkK kvmb-kvlYi dj mvbvi evsjv
kkvb cwiYZ nq| eZ wesk kZvwi lvUi `kKB evsjv`k Lv`mn
mvgwMK NvUwZ Aj cwiYZ nq| 22 cwievi LvZ cvwKvwb wkcwZiv ay
hyKvjB evsjv`k _K 785 KvwU UvKv cwg cvwKvb cvPvi15 Ki wbq

15

Gme Z_ W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, eezi mgqKvj,

AvMvgx cKvkbx, XvKv, 2000, wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, fvi
cKvkbx, XvKv, 2001, AvIqvgx jxMi wekl voc, wewfb RvZxq `wbK, 4 gvP, 1973
I Abvb Drm _K MnY Kiv nqQ
wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 536

WvK eev cybtcwZv| DjL, gywRebMi miKvi KZK gyvj,

KjKvZv, jb I Abvb vb evsjv`ki WvK wUKU Qvov nj c_g w`bB
KqK j UvKvi wUKU wew nqwQj ej 29 RyjvB 1971 GK eZvi
msev` Rvbv hvq|

DjL, hyvi mvgMxK cybevmb ewqZ nq 72 KvwU 75 j UvKv|

Gi ga cv_wgK cybevmb 25 KvwU 63 j Ges MnwbgvY, vY I cybevmb
39 KvwU 8 j UvKv| webv g~j weZiY Kiv nqwQj 1 KvwU 41 j gY
Lv`km| ZvQvov hy asmcv 9 j Ni cybtwbgvY Kiv nq Ges fwgnxb,
`yt I wZM`i ga 9 nvRvi cU wQj weZiYi cwqvaxb|14

14

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

z
z

16
17

cvwKvb bvgi mKj msv I mwgwZ evwZj NvlYv| mswk

mKjK Rei-`Lj Kiv evwo Qvovi wb`k`vb|
evsjv`k nvBKvU Av`k Rvwi| mycxgKvU Dvab| wePvi wefvMK
ckvmb _K c_K Kivi Rb KwgwU MVb|
cwiKbv Kwgkb MVb|
miKvwi KgPvwi PvKwi Av`k Rvwi| Aemi msv wewa Rvwi|
RjvIqvix PvKwii KvUv wbaviY|
RvZxq A_bwZK cwil` MVb|
evsjv`k RvnvR Kcvikb Av`k Rvwi|
vbxq ^vqZkvwmZ msv wnme cvqZ eev Pvjyi NvlYv|
BDwbqb cwil`i wbevPb Abyvb|
31wU UvDb KwgwUK cimfvq DbxZKiY| XvKv cimfvK
Kcvikb DbxZKiY|
c_g miKvwi Abyvb, ci mgM `k g`cvb wbwlKiY|
Nvo`o wbwlKiY| (Nvo`oK K` Ki Ryqv Ljvi cPjb
wQj)|

gynv` nvweeyi ingvb, evsjv`ki ZvwiL, gvIjv ev`vm, XvKv, 1998, cv 54

Gme Z_ gynv` nvweeyi ingvb, evsjv`ki ZvwiL, c~ev; cv 51-106, W. gvnv`
nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm (eezi mgqKvj), c~ev, cv 83-120 I
wmivR D`&`xb, Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 532-46 Ges Abvb
Drm _K bqv nqQ

`k Movi Kvhg
z

z
z

z
z
z
z
z

z
z
z

z
z
z

z
z
z
z

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z

31

Mvwo Kbvi Rb FY Ges miKvwi Awdm I ^vqkvwmZ cwZvb

wejvm`e q wbwlKiY|
gw`i gvwmK fvZv 1 nvRvi UvKvq wbaviY|
wegvb evsjv`k Gqvi jvBbmi XvKv-hkvi, XvKv-wmjU iU dvBU
PjvPj i| evwqs mvwfm i|
XvKvq c_g wk nvmcvZvj vcb|
Iqvc`vK cvwb I we`yr Dbqb bvg 2wU evW icviKiY|
miKvwi KgPvwi wwbs evW MVb Av`k Rvwi|
Av`ggvwi Av`k Rvwi|
mwPe Avyi ieK Pqvigvb Ki 10 m`mi eZb Kwgkb MVb;
10wU eZb j wbaviY |
m`mc`i Rb RvwZmsNi gnvmwPe eivei AvbyvwbK Ave`b ck
Ges Zv mg_bi Rb wbivcv cwil`i m`m`i cwZ c ciY|
jvBm-cviwgU evwZj Ki bvhg~ji `vKvb PvjyKiY|
ijIq Kwgkb MVb|
neZ
cvjb evsjv`kx`i myhvM`vbi Rb mw` ev`kvn& dqmji
KvQ Ave`b evZv ciY|
eb c-cvwL wkKvi wbwlKiY|
bvkbvj Wvvi`i iwRkb I ^xKwZ `vb|
mvwfqU ivwkqvi mnhvwMZvq gvBb AcmviY Ki PMvg
mgy`e`iK mPjKiY|
evsjv`k iWm mwgwZ Av`k Rvwi|
PvKwi cybwebvm msv wicvU cYqb|
evsjv`k Kwl evsK Aav`k Rvwi|
XvKvq Gkxq kvw mjb AvqvRb; gywRei RywjI Kzwi c`K
MnY|
eKqv we`yr wej Av`vq eev MnY|
evsjv`k `wewa mskvab|
evsjv`k avb MelYv K` wej cvmKiY|
webv AbygwZZ cUKv dvUvbv wbwlKiY|
cvU Kcvikb wej cvmKiY|
KzwUi wk Kcvikb wej cvmKiY|
XvKvq gwnjv`i Rb c_K evm mvwfm PvjyKiY|
gacvP hy vZZi wb`kb^ic wgkixq mbvevwnbxi Rb 1 j
cvD Pv I gwWKj wUg ciY|

16

32

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
z
z
z
z
z
z

z
z
z
z
z

Mn I cwZvb gvwi mvab|

jvnvi AbywZ BmjvwgK mjb hvM`vb|
hyiv-evsjv`k mvnvh Pzw ^vi|
ivwb Dbqb KvDwj MVb|
`k Zj Abymvbi Rb we`kx Kvvwbi mv_ Pzw ^vi|
evsjv`ki mvnvh `vwe weePbvi Rb wekevsKi cvwim eVK Ges
1974-75 A_eQi 275 wgwjqb Wjvi mvnvh jvf|
BmjvwgK dvDkb Aav`k Rvwi|
eZeywbqvq `ki c_g DcMn hvMvhvM fK` Dvab|
evsjv`k ivBdjm MVb|
mwwjZ Kgv evwZj Ki c_K b, mbv I wegvb evwnbx MVb|
ImgvbxK Rbvij wnme c`vbwZ `vb Ges Zvi I j. KYj Avyi
iei (gywhyKvjxb wPd Ae vd) Aemi MnY| mwdDjvnK mbv
evwnbxi cavb wbhyKiY|
kwdDjvn I wRqvK 6 Ryb 1973 weMwWqvi I 10 Avei 1973
gRi Rbvij wnme c`vbwZ `vb|
Kzwgjvq evsjv`ki c_g wgwjUvwi GKvWgx Dvab|

A_bxwZ I evwYR
nvbv`vi cvwKvwb evwnbxi AvmgcYi wZb w`b ci 20 wWm^i 1971
miKvi KZK
evsjv`k A_msv (Avqx) NvlYv Rvwi Ges c`k I
K`i Znwej GKxfZ Ki U evsK Ae cvwKvbi G`kxq kvLvK
evsjv`k evsK icvwiZ Kiv nq|
eQii iZ (1972) ivR^ evW Av`k I A_bwZK cwZvb ckvmb
Av`k Rvwi Kiv nq| jeYi Dci _K cZvnvi Kiv nq| 1970-71
A_eQi Gwcj 1971 ch cvU ivwb AvMi eQii Pq 40% I cvURvZ
`e ivwb 9.4% fvM nvm18 cvq| Gi ciI miKvi 25 Rvbyqvwi 1972 cvU
ivwbi Dci Avivc Ki| 30 g 1972 KuvPv cvUi ivwb RvZxqKiY Kiv
nq Ges 17 Ryb 1972 cvU ivwb Kcvikb MVb Kiv nq| 30 m^i cvUi
mewb g~j 50 UvKv NvlYv Kiv nq, ci 18 deqvwi Zv evwoq 60 UvKv
Kiv nq| 1973 Gi ga-RvbyqvwiZ XvKvq cvU I cvURvZ `e mK
Avtivxq mjb AbywZ nq| 13 deqvwi wgkii mv_ cuvP KvwU UvKvi
cvU ivwb Pzw nq| 14 gvP 1974 evgvi (wgqvbgvi) mv_ cvU Pzw ^vwiZ
18

gynv` nvweeyi ingvb, evsjv`ki ZvwiL, c~ev, cv 47

`k Movi Kvhg

33

nq Ges 30 g 1974 Rvgvbxi mv_ wZb j cvD mgg~ji KuvPv cvU

ivwbi Pzw ^vwiZ nq| GKBfve 1 RyjvB 1975 my`vb 24 KvwU UvKvi
cvU ivwbi Pzw ^vwiZ nq|
3 gvP 1972 evsjv`ki c_g gy`v 1 UvKv I 100 UvKvi bvU evRvi Qvov
nq| 2 Ryb 1972 Qvov nq 5 I 10 UvKvi bvU| 8 Ryb cvwKvwb 5 I 10
UvKvi bvU APj NvlYv Kiv nq| 22 deqvwi 1973 cvwKvwb 1 UvKvi
bvU GK gvm gqv` mPj NvlYv Kiv nq| 1 g 1973 fviZ Qvcv 5 I 10
UvKvi bvU cZvnvi Kiv nq| 13 bf^i 1973 bZzb 25 cqmvi gy`v Pvjy Kiv
nq| 5 Gwcj 1975 GKkZ UvKvi bvU evwZj NvlYv Kiv nq|
10 g 1972 fviZ-evsjv`k Aeva mxgv evwYR Pvjy nq| wK AwPiB
Gi weic cwZwqv `Lv `q Ges 9 Avei Zv mvgwqKfve e Ki `qv
nq| mZvi wWjvikxc I wWwweDkbkxc evwZj Ki wgj gRyZ mZv ZuvZx`i
KvQ ebi wb`k `qv nq Ges Zv`i FY`vbi Rb evsK KbmvwUqvg MVb
Kiv nq|
evsjv`k fviZ _K 24 KvwU UvKv, wek evsK _K 5 KvwU Wjvi I 8
KvwU UvKv, WbgvK _K 36 KvwU UvKv, Rvcvb _K 9 wewjqb Bqb,
myBWb _K 14 KvwU UvKv, gvwKb hyiv _K 8 wgwjqb Wjvi I RvwZmsN
_K 30 wgwjqb Wjvi FY/cYFY jvf Ki ev Pzw ^vi Ki|
fvMcYi g~jnvmi Dk `kevcx BDwbqb chvq bvhg~ji
`vKvb Lvjv nq| e eb Mvjgvji Rb 12 Ryb 1973 kni Zv e
NvlYv Kiv nq|
30 Ryb 1972 `ki c_g evRU cvm Kiv nq| hyviKvj gv 6
gvmi ga evRU cYqb Kiv wQj LyeB KwVb KvR| asmcv `k I
A_bxwZK cybMVbi welq cvavb cvq ej GK cybMVb evRU AvLv `qv
nq| evRUvi mvsevw`K mjb A_gx ZvRDwb NvlYv Kib, bv Lq
gie, Zey kZhy FY be bv|19 evRU Kvb bZzb Ki Avivc Kiv nqwb|
ijhvx ev gvji fvov ew Kiv nqwb| Dci 14 Gwcj 1972 ch eKqv
I my`-mgZ KwlRwgi LvRbv gIKzd Kiv nq, Rwgi mPi eKqv gIKzd Kiv
nq| 25 weNv ch Rwgi LvRbv gIKzd Kiv nq| cimfv I kni KwgwUi
Aaxb mg evwoi eKqv Uv I GB LvZ 31 gvP ch `q mg cvIbv
gIKzd Kiv nq| BRviv c_v evwZj NvlYv Kiv nq| Kwl Avqi Dci _K Ki
cZvnvi Kiv nq| evRU mevP eivcv LvZ wQj Kwl| cwZivi Zzjbvq
cvavb cvq wkv I mgvRKjvY| GKB avivq 27 bf^i 1973 cKvk Kiv nq
19

msev`, 2 RyjvB, 1972

17

34

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

4,455 KvwU UvKvi c_g cuvPkvjv cwiKbv| 1974-75 A_eQii evRU

ivR^ Avq I eq aiv nq 470.23 KvwU UvKv|
15 bf^i 1972 wk FY I civgk `qvi Rb evsjv`k wk FY
msv MVb Kiv nq| Rvbyqvwi 6 I gvP 31 evsjv`ki Dbqb ck XvKvq
AvRvwZK A_bwZK mjb AbywZ nq| 1973 gvP gvm cvwKvwb
Avgji iwRwKZ mKj UWgvK I UW jvBm evwZj Kiv nq| 14 g
1973 5wUi j 2wU Avjv`v exgv Kcvikb MVb Kiv nq| 31 RyjvB 1973
Uvwid Kwgkb MVb Kiv nq|
1973-Gi bf^i avb I PvDji msMn g~j h_vg 45 I 72 UvKv
NvlYv Kiv nq| cUvj I Kivwmbi g~j 30% fvM ew Kiv nq| dj
XvKvq evm fvovI ew cvq| wWm^i gvm Bwbi Afve Mxb Gviv I
AvLvDov-wmjU gBj Awbw`Kvji Rb e NvlYv Kiv nq|
Gwcj 1974 hyiv _K 13 nvRvi gwUK Ub fvRZj Avg`vwbi Rb
evsjv`k GK Pzw ^vi Ki| RyjvB gvm Pvqi Dci _K fZwy K cZvnvi
Kiv nq| gvP 1975 Kqjv eemv miKvwi wbqY Avbv nq Ges c_gevii
gZv evsjv`k _K Kej& ivwb i nq| Gwcj gvm egyLx cjx mgevqi
bxj-bKkv Zwii KvR mb Kiv nq| 3 g 1975 KgbIqj_ mjb c`
fvlY cavbgx kL gywRe cvwKvbK evsjv`ki m` nvi I
evsjv`k _K 66 nvRvi cvwKvwb diZ bqvi Avnvb Rvbvb|20
wk eevcbv
cvwKvwb cvq-JcwbewkK Avgj evsjv`k [ce cvwKvb] wkvbqb
mvwaZ nqwQj Lye mvgvb| hv nqwQj, miKvwi A_ ccvlYv I ceZbv w`q
Av`gRx, evIqvbx, `v`v, Bvnvbx cfw Z AevOvwj cuwy RcwZMvxK wk
Aeva kvlYi AvwacZ`vb| Z_vKw_Z emiKvwi wkLvZ miKvwi A_
wmsnfvM Ryo Zv wQjB, BwcAvBwWwm [B cvwKvb Bvwqvj WfjvcgU
Kcvikb] KZK cwZwZ wk-KviLvbvI Zzj `qv nZ [22 cwievi LvZ]
emiKvwi wk-gvwjK`i nvZ|21 dj `ki Kj-KviLvbv, ev, exgv,
evwYR Z_v A_bxwZi cvq mYUvB wbqY KiZ cwg cvwKvwb evBk
cwievi| nvbv`vi evwnbxi AvmgcYi cvvj Iiv Gme dj iL Pj hvq|

20
21

G Aavq eeZ Z_vewj gynv` nvweeyi ingvb, W. gvnv` nvbbvb, wmivR D`&`xb
Avng`MYi c~ev Mmg~n I Abvb Drm _K MnY Kiv nqQ
kL Avyj Rwjj, gqgbwmsni enr, z` I KzwUi wk (ce), gqgbwmsni Rxeb I
RxweKv (viK M), Rjv ckvmb, gqgbwmsn, 1987

`k Movi Kvhg

35

ZvB eva nq evsjv`k miKvi Gjvi `vwqZ MnY Ki|22 ci 26 gvP

^vaxbZvi c_g evwlKxZ wk-cwZvb RvZxqKiY Av`k Rvwi Ki G-mK
mywbw` bxwZgvjv cYqb Kiv nq|23
1972 mvji 17 deqvwi cwiZ eng Av`gRx RyUwgj Pvjy24 Kiv nq
Ges g w`em kwgK`i GWnK mvnvh`vbi NvlYv `Iqv nq| 1973 mvji
8 Rvbyqvwi wk wewbqvM bxwZ NvlYv Kiv nq| GZ AbwaK 25 j UvKv
g~ji cwZvb cieZx 10 eQi ch ivvq bv Kivi wmv bqv nq|
Avei-bf^i wk-kwgK gRywi Kwgkb Abygv`b I ivvq wk kwgK
AwWbv Rvwi Kiv nq| eQii klw`K (27 wWm^i) PMvg `ki c_g
ckg KviLvbv Dvab Kiv nq| wK A`, `ybxwZevR I fzj eevcbv25 Ges
jvj evwnbxi26 `iv ivvqv cwZvbmg~n jvKmvb w`Z i Ki| GK
22

23

24
25

26

1972 mvji 25 Rvbyqvwi 29wU (ci mKj) exgv Kvvwb I 5 deqvwi 392wU cwiZ
wk-cwZvbi `vwqZ miKvi MnY Ki| Gjvi KqKwU gywhvv KjvY Uv I
mbvKjvY msvK `q nq Ges 35wU 23 Rvbyqvwi 1975 weq Ki `Iqv nq|
G-mwKZ bxwZgvjv wQj wbic :
K. evsK I exgv eemvq RvZxqKiY
L. mgM cvU, e, wPwb, wk Ges Abvb enr I gvSvwi wki [evOvwj gvwjKvbvaxbmn
`ki gvU wk LvZi kZKiv 85 fvM] RvZxqKiY
M. e`wkK evwYR RvZxqKiY
N. ew-cuywRi wmwjs 25 j UvKvq wbaviY [ci 16 RyjvB 1974 Zv 3 KvwU UvKvq ew
Kiv nq]
O. `kxq ew cuywRi mv_ we`kx cuywRi h_ wewbqvM wbwlKiY [23 gvP 1973 we`kx
cuywR wewbqvM evW MVb Kiv nq]
P. miKvwi LvZ we`kx cuywRi h_ wewbqvMi miKvii Ask bbZg kZKiv 51
fvM wwiKiY BZvw`
[DZ : bRij Bmjvg, Rvm`i ivRbxwZ-GKwU wbKU weklY, cvP cKvkbx, XvKv,
1981, cv 119-20; cv`UxKv]
weGbwc-RvgvZ RvU miKvi 2002 mvj Av`gRx e Ki `q
^vaxbZvi c~e wk-cwZvb cwiPvjbvi DP I ga chvqi c`jv AevOvwj`i `Lj
wQj| KwlRxex evOvwj`i ga GgbwK ` kwgKiI Afve wQj| GgZvevq AbK
cvb gvwjK ev myweavfvMx`i eevcbvi `vwqZ w`q wkqvji nvZ giwM eMv `qv nq|
weqi evcvi h, cwiZ wk cwZvbmg~ni eevcbvi Rb Bvwqvj gvbRgU
mvwfm (AvB Gg Gm) bvg GKwU bZzb KvWvi mvwfm hvM`vbKvix KvDK KvDK ZiY
eqmB KvwUcwZ eb hZ `Lv MQ| (`e W. gvn` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv
Av`vjbi BwZnvm eezi mgqKvj, c~ev, cv 76)
^vaxbZvi ci kwgK jxM cavb GgG gvbvbi bZZ jvj evwnbx bvg kwgK`i GKwU
gvvb evwnbx Mo IV| jvj Uzwc cwiwnZ Gme kwgK Drcv`b KvR wbqvwRZ bv nq
ivRc_ cviW, Puv`vevRx, gywcY Av`vq cfwZ `yg Ki eovZ I gvm kl eZbmn
hveZxq ea-Aea myhvM myweav fvM KiZv| Aekl XvKv KUb wgji eevcbv KwgwUi

18

36

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

wnme `Lv hvq, gv `o eQi 12wU wkLvZ 93 KvwU UvKv jvKmvb nq|27
dj ivxq KvlvMvi _K fZzwK w`Z w`Z Gjv miKvi I RbMYi Mjvi
KuvUv nq `uvovq| G myhvM KD KD RvZxqKiYK v bxwZ AvLvwqZ Ki
Gjv cvb gvwjK`i wdwiq `qvi `vwe Kib| cmg G AvIqvgx
jxMi bxwZ bq, evgcx`i Pvc G bxwZ MnY Kiv nqQ GK_v ej Zviv
AvIqvgx jxMK gvbwmKfve `yej
Kivi cqvm cvq|
AvIqvgx jxMi Rb I gweKvk Ges ^vaxbZv Av`vjb cfwZ weePbv
Kij G `vwei AmviZv cgvwYZ nq| 1949 wL. 23 Ryb AvIqvgx gymwjg
jxMi cwZvjM MnxZ 12 `dv KgmwPi 11Zg `dvq ejv nq :
webv LmviZ Rwg`vwi I Ab mKj ga^Z wejvc Kiv ne| mKj
Avev`hvM Rwg cybeb Kiv ne|

12Zg `dvq ejv nq, mKj Rwg RvZxqKiY Kiv ne|28

1954 mvj wbevPb Dcj hydUi 21 `dvi 3q `dvq ejv nq :

cvU eemv RvZxqKiY Kivi Dk GK cee miKvii cZ

cwiPvjbvaxb Avbqb Kwiqv cvUPvlx`i cvUi g~j `Iqvi eev Kiv
nBe...|29

1969 mvji MYAfzvb mwKvix 11 `dvi 5g `dvq ejv nq :

evsK, exgv, Bbmyi I enr wk RvZxqKiY KiZ ne|30

1970 mvj cKvwkZ wbevPbx NvlYvq AvIqvgx jxM mgvRZ Afz

31
Ki| 11 Rvbyqvwi 1970 cb gq`vb AbywZ GK wekvj Rbmfvq kL

27

28
29
30
31

Pqvigvb wnme gZvi Aceenvii AwfhvM 2 Rvbyqvwi 1975 gvbvbK MdZvi Kiv
nq| wK ZZw`b eywoMv w`q AbK cvwb Mwoq hvq|
`wbK BdvK, 3 Ryb 1973| G mgqKvj cvUKj 25 KvwU, wPwbKj 7 KvwU,
KvMRKj 3.5 KvwU, BvZKj 1.5 KvwU I LwbR Kcvikb 1.1 KvwU UvKv
jvKmvbi wnme mvvwnK mvbvi evsjv 7 Avei 1973 msLvq cKvk Ki| cvUKj
jvKmvb nIqvi AbZg KviY nj ANvZg~jK KvhKjvci gvag `vg Avb jvwMq
KvwU KvwU UvKvi cvU cywoq `Iqv| 21 m^i 1974 cKvwkZ GK Z_ Rvbv hvq,
KuvPv cvUi Afve ay PMvg 17wU wgj ei Dcg nq| Ze GZ wKQyi ciI 23
Gwcj 1974 cKvwkZ miKvwi GK Z_ weeiYxZ Rvbv hvq, 1973-74 A_eQi 9wU mi
Kcvikbi Aaxb RvZxqKiYKZ wkcwZvbmg~n 17 KvwU UvKv gybvdv ARb Ki
wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~e, cv 74\ ZrKvjxb c~ee wkKviLvbv Mo DVwb ejB evanq Zv KgmwPi Afy nqwb
evsjv`ki ^vaxbZv hy `wjjc, c_g L, MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvi, Z_ gYvjq,
1389 ev (1982), cv 373-74
evsjv`ki ^vaxbZv hy `wjjc, wZxq L, c~ev, cv 405-08
1970 mvji wbevPbx NvlYvq A_bwZK AvIqvgx jxMi KgmPx wQj wbic :
K. `k mgvRZvwK Av_bxwZi cwZv Ges GB j ARbi Rb c_g c`c wnme
ev, exgv, cvU wk, e wk Ges Abvb fvix I gwjK wki RvZxqKiY

Comment:

`k Movi Kvhg

37

gywRe NvlYv Kib :

AvIqvgx jxM Pvq KlKi, kwgKi ivRZ Kvqg KiZ| AvIqvgx jxM
`ki mKj g~j wkmn evsK I exgv eemv RvZxqKiY Kie| 32

G-NvlYv Qv`i 11-`dv `vweiB cwZawb| hy PjvKvj gywRebMi

miKvii A_gx Gg. gbmyi Avjx GK eZvifvlY ejb :
33
^vaxb evsjv`ki A_bxwZi KvVvgv ne mgvRZvwK|
^`k cZveZb Ki c_g myhvMB kL gywRe NvlYv Kib,
Avwg I _nxb fvlvq ej w`Z PvB h, Avgv`i `k ne MYZvwK,
agwbic I mgvRZvwK `k|34

14 Rvbyqvwi 1972 cavbgx wnme c_g mvsevw`K mjb wjwLZ ee

kL gywRe ejb :
RbMYi AvKvv aygv mgvRZvwK A_bxwZ ceZbi gvagB cwicY
nZ cvi Ges bZzb A_bwZK cwiKbvq Kwl, wk I A_-eevi
cvwZvwbK cwieZb KiZ ne|35

DjL, 1950 mvji deqvwii c_gw`K XvKvq msweavbi g~jbxwZi

Ici AbywZ mjbI HKe cvwKvb ne GKwU mvefg mgvRZvwK
cRvZ cve DvwcZ nq|36 Dchy NvlYvmg~n _K eySv hvq, RvZxqKiY
ev mgvRZi NvlYv nVvr Ki ev cwiwwZi Pvc co Avmwb ev Zv miKvii
c_ZvI bq| GwU ^vaxbZvi gZvB RbMYi `xNw`bi AvKvv hv g
g weKvk jvf KiQ| ZrKvwjb wkgx mq` bRij Bmjvg miKvii
wk msv bxwZgvjv evLv Ki ejwQjb :
wk-KviLvbvi kqvi 30 kZvsk kwgK`i, 30 kZvsk gvwjK Ges 40
37
kZvsk miKvii KvQ eb Kiv ne|

Ze G-I mZ h, G-welq miKvii Kvbv ce-cwZ ev AwfZv

KvbvUvB hgb wQj bv Zgwb Gjv Pvjvbvi gZv msMVwbK KvVvgv ev `

32
33
34
35
36
37

L. fwgmsvi mv`b Ges fwgnxb KlK`i ga weZiYi j Rwgi gvwjKvbv eevq

cwieZb mvab
M. Uv I LvRbv eevq msvi mvab, weklZ jeYi Dci _K Ki cZvnvi Ges
25 weNv ch Rwgi LvRbv gIKzd(KiY)
wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 265
AavcK Avey mvBwq`, Rj nZvKv, vbKvl cKvkbx, XvKv, 1991, cv 96
wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 506
G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 109
G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 143
gwbs wbDR, 2 deqvwi 1972

19

38

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

RbejI wQj bv| mgvRZK j MY Ki cuywR wewbqvM wmwjs 25 j UvKv

wbaviY Kiv nq| ci Zv evwoq 3 KvwU UvKv Kiv nq (cieZx miKvi wmwjs
Zzj w`q gy A_bxwZi vi DvPb Ki)| cKZ
cve 25 j UvKvq
Kvb wk-KviLvbv Kiv me wQj bv| GKB fve cwievii msv cwieZb Ki
Rwgi wmwjsK AKvhKi Kiv nq| DjL, AvIqvgx jxMi RbKvji NvlYv
mKj Rwg RvZxqKiYi `vwei Zzjbvq 100 weNvi wmwjs NvlYv wQj bnvZB
bMY KgmwP| dj `Lv hvq, mgvRZK bxwZ wnme MnY Ki gywRe
Wvbcx`i Ges bxwZ evevqb bv Ki evgcx`i weivMfvRb nb Ges
ewMZfve gywRe Ges miKvi DfqB mgvjvPbvi wkKvi cwiYZ nb|
fwg eevcbv
gywRebMi miKvi XvKvq cZveZb Ki f-mw cfwZ welq h me wmv
MnY Ki Zv wbic :
z
mKj k mw AwaMnYi NvlYv|
z
evZvMx`i mwi wbjvg weq evwZj; cZvcYi wb`k Rvwi|
z
evsjv`k cwiZ mw Dvi Av`k Rvwi|
z
cwiZ evwoNi nvi evW MVb|
z
15 j UvKvi Kg g~ji cwiZ mw ewMZ gvwjKvbvq wbjvg
nvii eev|
z
evsjv beel (ga Gwcj 1972) _K 25 weNv ch Rwgi LvRbv
gIKzd|
z
14 Gwcj 1972 ch `q Kwl Rwgi my`mgZ eKqv LvRbv
gIKzd|
z
31 gvP ch `q cimfv I kni KwgwUi Aaxb evwoi eKqv
Uvmn G LvZi Abvb mg cvIbv gIKzd|
z
cwievi cwZ AvBqyex Avgji 375 weNvi cwieZ 100 weNv Rwgi
wmwjs wbaviY (ci cwievii msv cwieZb Kivq wmwjs AKvhKi
nq co)|
z
nvU-evRvi c_g wbw` nvii ewk Zvjv Av`vq wbwl I ci
BRviv c_v wejvc NvlYv|
z
fwgnxb KlKi wbKU webv g~j 12 j GKi Rwg e`ve `qvi
j 18 g 1973 bvqvLvjxi PiKvK Rwg eb i|
z
KwlZ wekl Ae`vbi Rb eez cyivi c`vb|
z
Kwl-Avqi Dci _K Ki cZvnvi|

`k Movi Kvhg

39

wkv-mswZ
XvKv cZveZbi ci gywRebMi miKvii gwmfvi c_g eVK (23 wWm^i
1971) MnxZ wmvmg~ni ga AbZg wQj evsjvK ivfvlv NvlYv (ci
23 deqvwi 1973 ckvmbmn mei evsjv fvlv eenvii wb`k `qv nq)
I hy PjvKvj AbywZ mKj cvewjK cixv38 evwZj NvlYv Kiv| hy kl
nIqvi `ygvmi ga mKj cv_wgK we`vjq cg kYx ch webv g~j
(ZrKvjxb g~j 1 KvwU UvKvi) eB weZiY39 Kiv nq| `ki mKj wkv_xi
hyKvjxb 9 gvmi eZb gIKzd Kiv nq|
wkv eevq hveZxq wU wejvc I MYgyLxKiYi Dk wewk wevbx
W. Kz`ivZ-B-Ly`vi bZZ 19 m`m wewk wkv Kwgkb MVb Kiv nq| 24
m^i Kwgkbi KvR AvbyvwbKfve i nq| Kwgkb 8 Ryb 1973 PjwZ
eQi AbymiYi Rb Riix wfwZ GKwU AieZxKvjxb cwZe`b Ges
30 g 1974 cYv cwZe`b ck Ki|
evsjv GKvWwg Av`k 1972 Rvwi Ges evsjv Dbqb evWK evsjv
GKvWwgi mv_ mshy Kiv nq| Amy we`vnx Kwe KvRx bRij BmjvgK
fviZi cwg e _K XvKvq Avbqb Ki Zvi cwievii Rb avbgwZ
GKwU feb I 1 nvRvi UvKv fvZv `vbi eev Kiv nq (GZw`b ZuvK wZbk
UvKv fvZv `qv nZv) 14 deqvwi 1974 XvKvq RvZxq mvwnZ mjb
AbywZ nq|
^vaxbZvi ci ci cvewjK cixv eevcbvq wkw_jZvi KviY gvawgK I
DP gvawgK chvq cixv_xi msLv I DxY`i msLv nVvr Ki AZvwaK
eo hvIqvq KjRjvZ Avmb msKU `Lv `q| GgZvevq miKvi cZK
KjR wZxq wkdU40 Pvjyi wb`k `q| G myhvM Mvgvj AbK vb bZzb
bZzb KjR Mo DV| cmZ: KZe Aenjv, Am`vPiY I miKvwi Av`k
Agvb Kivi KviY Avei 1972 gvawgK I DP gvawgK wkv evW, XvKvi
Pqvigvb I mwPeK mvgwqKfve eiLv41 Kiv nq|
^vaxbZvi ci j
z -KjRi wkKMY Zuv`i wewfb `vwe ciYi Rb
wewfb mgq Av`vjb Mo Zzjb| Zuv`i `vwemg~n hwK njI cvewjK
cixvK mvgb iL agNU Avnvb KivK AwffveK I we` gnj mybRi
`Lb wb| (15 bf^i 1972 AvZ Gic GKwU wkK agNU cZvnvi Kivq
38
39
40
41

Abvb mKj kYxZ AUv-cgvkb `qv nq

`wbK BdvK, 1 Rvbyqvwi, 17 I 24 deqvwi, 1972
msev`, 22 AvM 1972
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, eez mgqKvj, c~ev, cv 26

20

40

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Gm.Gm.wm. cixv i nq)| emiKvwi KjR wkKMY 11 g _K 10

m^i 1973 Pvi gvmevcx agNU cvjb Kib| Abw`K emiKvwi Rywbqi I
nvBzji wkKMYI 6 RyjvB 1973 _K i Ki GKvsk 24 AvM I
Acivsk 7 m^i ch agNU cvjb Kib| AvZ GB agNUi AemvbK
K` Ki wkK mwgwZ Kvgivgvb I bRijGB `j wef nq co|
30 gvP 1973 XvKv Avwjqv gv`vmvq Bmjvwg wkv mwgbvi I gv`vmv
wkK mjb AbywZ nq| cavbgx kL gywRe mwgbvi I mjbi Dvabx
fvlY gv`vmv wkv AevnZ _vKv I ag wbq ivRbxwZ bv Kivi Avnvb Rvbvb|
15 wWm^i 1972 wekwe`vjq AwWbvmn mKj KvjvKvbyb evwZj Kiv nq
Ges 17 deqvwi 1973 ^vqkvmb msewjZ XvKv wekwe`vjq Aav`k
1973 Rvwi Kiv nq| Abyicfve ivRkvnx, PMvg I RvnvxibMi wekwe`vjq
Aav`k Rvwi Kiv nq Ges wekwe`vjq gywi Kwgkb MVb Kiv nq|
1 bf^i 1973 AenwjZ cv_wgK wkvK RvZxqKiY Kivi GK
hyMvKvix wmv MnY Kiv nq| Gi dj cv_wgK wkKMY miKvwi
PvKyiZ cwiYZ nb|
22 Gwcj 1973 ivRkvnx wekwe`vjq GK wekl mgveZb divwm `vkwbK
guwmq Auv` gvjivK Wi Ae j wWwM c`vb Ki| gvjiv evsjv`ki
gywhyi c wekRbgZ Mo Zvjb| wZwb GKRb mk hvv wnme hy
AskMnYiI NvlYv w`qwQjb| 9 wWm^i 1974 XvKv wekwe`vjqi GK
wekl mgveZb AavcK mZ`bv_ evm (giYvi), W. gyn` knx`yjvn
(giYvi), Kwe KvRx bRij Bmjvg, Iv` Avjx AvKei Lvb, W. wni`
jvj `, W. gynv` Kz`ivZ-B-Ly`v, AavcK KvRx gvZvnvi nvmb I AavcK
Aveyj dRjK mvbmPK WiU wWMx c`vb Kiv nq| 13 gvP 1973 cKkj
wekwe`vjqi mgveZb Abyvb 2,289 Rb wWMxavixK mb` c`vb Kiv nq|
18 gvP 1975 W. KvRx gvZvnvi nvmb, AavcK Ave`yi ivvK I wkvPvh
Rqbyj Avew`bK RvZxq AavcK Kiv nq|
6 gvP 1975 ivgcyivq wbwgZ Uwjwfkb42 feb Dvab Kiv nq, 3 RyjvB
20 Bw Uwjwfkb (mv`v-Kvjv) I 1 ev iwWIi jvBm wd evwZj Ges 29
g bvUvbyvbi Dci _K cgv`Ki wejvc Kiv nq|
15 Gwcj 1975 gqgbwmsn Rqbyj msMnkvjv Dvab Kiv nq| 16 RyjvB
1975 mZi Rb `yt wkx I mvwnwZKK Avw_K mvnvh `vb Kiv nq|
gy`Y I cKvkbv
42

24 Gwcj 1972 Uwjwfkb KcvikbK mY miKvwi wbqY Avbv nq

`k Movi Kvhg

41

AvaywbK mgvR gy`Y I cKvkbvi iZ Acwimxg| gywRebMi miKvii

cavbgx ZvRDwb Avng` 22 wWm^i 1971 XvKv wdi GmB cm Uv
wejy Kib Ges 2 Rvbyqvwi 1972 evsjv`k msev`c (ckvmb) Av`k Rvwi
Kib| ci 28 AvM 1973 mveK cm G cvewjKk AWvi evwZj Ki
bZzb wcwUs AwWbv Rvwi Kiv nq|
1974 mvji 26 RyjvB msev`c I msev` GRxi KgKZv-KgPvix`i
Rb eZb evW MVb Kiv nq| wePvicwZ Avym mvvi Gi Pqvigvb wbhy
nb|
20 bf^i 1974 miKvi cm G cvewjKk wej cvk Ki| Gi
cwZev` weivax `jxq I ^Z mvsm`MY msm` _K IqvK AvDU Kib| 16
Ryb 1975 NvwlZ nq msev`c AwWbv 1975| `wbK evsjv, BdvK,
UvBgm I AeRvifvi GB PviwU eZxZ Ab mKj `wbK msev`c G
AwWbvi gvag wbwl Kiv nq|
GQvov 1972-75 mgqKvj gy`Y I cKvkbv mwKZ wbic c`cmg~n
MnY Kiv nq:
1972
m^i 12 : ivweivax msev` cwiekbi AwfhvM 5wU mvvwnK
cwKvi Dci KviY `kvI wew Rvwi|
27 : mvvwnK nK K_v, gyLc I vKmgvb Gi cKvkbv
wbwl|
1973
g 13
: `wbK ^`k-Gi cKvkbv e NvlYv|
AvM 11
: PMvgi `k evsjv Awdm ZvjveKiY I evZv mv`Kmn
10 RbK MdZvi|
m^i 1 : `kevsjv ei cwZev` XvKvq mvsevw`K`i cwZev`
wgwQj|
Avei 1
: BsiwR mvvwnK nwjWi `ywU msLv evRqv|
wWm^i 6
: `kevsjvK cybtcKvki Abygv`b`vb|
1975
Rvbyqvwi 27 : cywjk KZK MYK Kvhvjq RKiY|
m^i 2 : BZvce wbwlKZ nwjWi Dci _K wblavv cZvnvi|

21

42

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

43

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

nvbv`vi-gy ^vaxb evsjv`k c_g ivRbwZK weZKi mcvZ nq RvZxq
miKvi MVbi cveK K` Ki| 21 wWm^i 1971 bvkbvj AvIqvgx cvwU
(bvc) cavb AavcK gvRvddi Avng` gywhy AskMnYKvix mKj `ji
mg^q me`jxq miKvi MVb Kiv DwPZ1 ej ge Kib| G gei
Di AvIqvgx jxMi mgvRmev mv`K K. Gg. Ievq`yi ingvb2 me`jxq
miKvii aviYvK Aeve AvLvwqZ Ki Gi weivwaZv3 Kib| Ze cavb
gx ZvRDwb Avng` G cm GKwU gacw NvlYvq ejb,4 hy PjvKvj
miKvii mvnvhKvix 5 `jxq civgk`vZv KwgwU envj _vKe| dj ZLbKvi
gZv weZKwUi mgvw NUjI D KwgwUK Avi envj5 Kiv nqwb| ci 3
1
2

3
4
5

`wbK evsjv, 22 wWm^i, 1972

Ievq`yi ingvb vY Znwej ZQic I `vjvj`i Avkq`vbi AwfhvM `ji mgvRKjvY
mv`Ki c` _K eiLv nqI ci 1973 mvj cwZgx wbhy nb Ges AvMi cUcwieZbi ci gywRei Lybx`i mv_ hvM `b| eZgvb wZwb Rj-nZv gvgjvi AbZg
Avmvgx I weGbwc `jxq mvsm`
`wbK evsjv, 24 wWm^i 1971
`wbK evsjv, 27 wWm^i, 1971
Bw`iv Mvxi wekl `Z wWwc ai 29 AvM KjKvZvq ^vaxbZv mg_K mKj ivRbwZK
`jK GKwU dvivg GKwZ Kivi fviZ-miKvii Awfcvqi K_v Rvbvj 8 m^i ay
civgk `vbi Rb 1. gvIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx (mfvcwZ) 2. Rbve ZvRDwb
Avng` (AvnevqK) 3. L`Kvi gvkZvK Avng` 4. KgiW gwYwmsn (KwgDwb cvwU)
5. kx gbvi ai (KsMm) 6. AavcK gvRvddi Avng` (bvc)-K wbq GKwU Dc`v
KwgwU MVb Kiv nq| mvvwnK Rqevsjv 17 m^i GK mv`KxqZ ge Ki : me
`jxq Dc`v KwgwU MwVZ nIqvq, evsjv`ki wfZi gywmsMvgxiv hgb AbycvwYZ neb,
Zgwb evBi evsjv`ki fvKvx I ez`kjvI DrmvwnZ neb| wK AvIqvgx jxM
I kL cwievii GKvsk ZvZ AbycvwYZ nIqvi e`j KzwcZ nb| Ave`yi ie miwbqvevZ
I kL Ave`yj AvwRRi bZZ 40 Rb RvZxq cwil` m`m (5 m^i) cavbgx
ZvRDwb Avng`i cwZ AvbyvwbK Abvv cKvk Ki Ges Kejgv AvIqvgx jxM
m`m`i mg^q RvZxq gyw cwil` MVbi `vwe Rvbvq| (gZvi AvIqvgx jxMi
KvhKix KwgwUi eVK miwbqvivZ cavbgxi wei Abvv cve Dvcb Kib Ges
kL AvwRR I kvn gvqvg mn KqKRb bc_ _K G-cve PvOv Kib| Aek
AvjvPbvi ci Zv bvKP nq hvq)| 11 m^i RvZxq cwil` m`m GbvqZ nvmb
Lvbi mfvcwZZ G-Mci cieZx mfvq ZvRDwb Avng`K cavbgx I `ji mvaviY

22

44

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

m^i 1972 cb gq`vb fzLv wgwQj Dcj AvqvwRZ Rbmfvq gvIjvbv

fvmvbx gvbyl euvPvbvi Rb RvZxq miKvi evevqbi `vwe6 Rvbvb| 21
Gwcj 1974 me`jxq (6 `jxq) hydUi7 6 bZv GK h_ ee we`gvb
A_bwZK msKU, Lv` mgmv I RbRxebi wbivcvi j mwwjZ cqvmi8
cqvRbxqZv Zzj aib Ges gvIjvbv fvmvbx 3 bf^i 1974 cb AbywZ
GK Rbmfvq cybivq gywRei cwZ RvZxq miKvi MVbi Avnvb9 Rvbvb| ejv
evj, G aiYi Avnvb gZvmxb gnj mvov bv w`q eis Gi wfb A_
Avwevi AwaK gbvhvMx nqQb| A_P `k Mov I `yhvMKvj RvZxq HKi
cqvRbxZv meRbwew`Z|
miKvi weivax wevf-Av`vjb
mii wbevPb gywRei `kevcx cPvivwfhvb gvbylK ivRbxwZ I AwaKvimv`K Dfq c` _K c`ZvM KiZ eva Kivi Rb AvIqvgx jxMi nvB Kgvi cwZ
Avnvb Rvbvbv nq| Avei cPvwiZ Zv`i GK mvKzjvi ejv nq t

. .. It is Awami league alone which is eligible and competant to conduct present war
... We all are aware that taking NAP (two groups), Communist Party and Congress along
with Awami league, a joint front infact has been formed naming a consultative
committee for the liberation struggle against the avowed policy of our leader Sk.
Mujibar Rahman. (`. gB`yj nvmvb, gyjaviv 71, c~ev, cv 101)

6
7

8
9

AvRvwZK Ab ^vaxbZv msMvgK RvZxq gyw Av`vjbi Pwi`vb Ges A-AvIqvgx

^vaxbZvKvgx ivRbwZK `j I ew`i AskMnY hyi ^v_B Lye cqvRbxq nq co|
cavbgx 10 Gwcj Zvi c_g fvlYB G-cm ejwQjb, Avgiv wekl Ki mg
ivRbwZK `ji bZv`i evsjv`ki GB msNe Rbhy kvwgj nZ Avnvb RvbvwQ|
cavbgxi Avnvb I eve cqvRbB GKwU RvZxq HKdU Movi `vwe DvwcZ nq|
wK AvIqvgx-cwievii wbizk msLvMwiZvi ` I msKxY `wfw Gi evav nq `uvovq|
^ivgx Kvgvivgvb G-cm ejb, gywdU MVbi Kvbv `iKvi bvB, mKj
evsjv`k miKvi Z_v AvIqvgx jxMi bZZ gvwbqv wbjB mgmv PzwKqv hvq (mvvwnK
gywhy 26 RyjvB 1971)| Avqx ivcwZ mq` bRiji Avkxev`cy gywReevwnbx mwi
AbZg KviYB wQj hy evgcx`i cfve ew gvKvejv Kiv| dj RvZxq dU Zv
`ii K_v KwgDwb cvwU, bvc (gvRvddi) mg_K Qv BDwbqbi Qv-hyeK`i mk
Uwbs wbZ Zviv Avcw Zvj Ges evaviI mw Ki| ciivgx L`Kvi gvkZvKi cKZ
KvRB wQj ^vaxbZvi wZmvab| Dci wZwb wQjb Av`k I HwZnMZfve evg-cMwZ
weivax| dU mK wZwbI weic ge Kib
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, eezi mgqKvj, c~ev, cv 27
14 Gwcj 1974 gvIjvbv fvmvbxi bZZ AvZvDi ingvb Lvb, Avgbv eMg, Awj Avnv`,
mq` wmivRyj `v cgy Li mg^q MwVZ gywRe miKvi weivax dU| KqKwU Rbmfv
Abyvb Qvov Zgb Kvb fwgKv cvjb G dU mg nq wb
gynv` nvweeyi ingvb, evsjv`ki ZvwiL, c~ev, cv 92
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, eezi mgqKvj, c~ev,
cv 63

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

45

mPZb Ki Zvj| gywhy weRqi dj gvbyli cZvkvI AbK eo hvq|

wK eve Aevq cZvkv ciY bv-nIqvq gvbyl nZvk I z nq| Gi c_g
cKvk NU ^vaxbZvi `o gvmi gv_vq| 2 deqvwi 1972 eKvi hyeKiv
PvKzwi cv_bv Ki XvKvq wgwQj Ki|10 wKQyw`b ci 25 deqvwi XvKv
gwWKj KjR nvmcvZvj wPwKrmvaxb 6 Rb gywhvv wewfb `vweZ Abkb
agNU Kib| Gi GK mvn ci 1 gvP Lyjbvq Lvwj wUb nvZ Kivwmb Zji
`vweZ AbywZ nq wevf wgwQj|11
hyi bq gvm ^vfvweK Rxebhvv enZ nq| Lv`i Drcv`b nvm cvq|
Abw`K hyKvj cvwKvbx wkcwZiv evsjv`k _K 785 KvwU UvKv cvPvi
Ki wbq hvq Ges AvmgcYi cev nvbv`viiv K`xq evsKi mKj UvKv
cywoq `q| AeKvVvgv asm nIqvq kb nvZ wdi-Avmv kiYv_x`i KvQ
mieivn hv AvQ Zv cuQvbvI `ytmva nq co| Z`ycwi wiwjdmvgMx eb
^RbcxwZ I `ybxwZi AwfhvM cvIqv hZ _vK| GgZvevq 16 AvM 1972
ewikvji evbvwicvovq I 21 AvM iscyi Lv`i `vweZ fzLv wgwQj AbywZ
nq|
Dchy wevf-wgwQjjv ^Z:Zfve AbywZ nq| wK m^i gvm
_K gvIjvbv fvmvbx msMwVZ miKvi weivax Av`vjbi mcvZ Kib| 3
m^i wZwb XvKvq fzLv wgwQj12 I Rbmfvi AvqvRb Kib| mfvq c`
eZvq wZwb evsjv`k fviZxq mb Aevb KiQ13 ej AwfhvM Zzj
cKvivi cvwKvwb Avgji fviZ weivax ivRbxwZi Af Dvab Kib|
Gici wZb `dv `vwe (1. Lv`, e I Abvb `eg~j nvm, 2. `gbbxwZ e
Kiv Ges 3. wk, eemv, PvKwimn Rxebi me AivRKZvi Aemvb I
Rvbgvji wbivcv weavb) Av`vqi Dk fvmvbx 15 g 1973 XvKvq Abkb
i Kib I 21 g mviv`k niZvj Avnvb Kib| niZvj-Kvj GK`j
DQLj jvK Gkxq kvw mjb14 Dcj wbwgZ wfqZbvg gc
10
11
12

13
14

msev`, 3 deqvwi 1972

msev`, 2 gvP 1972| ivRbwZK NUbvcwi Rb cwiwk 9 co~b
AbK gb Kib, hywea evsjv`k Lv` mgmv `Lv `Iqv wQj ^vfvweK| MVbg~jK
mgvjvPbvi gvag eevcbvi wU `i Kivi D`vM bIqv nZ evbxq| wK fzLv wgwQj
Ki ivRbwZK dvq`v jyUvi Pv KivUv wQj wfjR cwjwUmyjf AbwZK KvR| fvmvbx
mK wevwiZ Rvbvi Rb cwiwk 14 co~b
fviZxq mb wbavwiZ mgq AvMB 25 gvP 1972 evsjv`k ZvM Ki
wek kvw cwil`i D`vM 23 g 1973 XvKvq Gkxq kvw mjb AbywZ nq| Gw`b
kwi Rb msMvg-Gi ^xKwZ^ic gywReK AvbyvwbKfve RywjIKzix c`K c`vb Kiv
nq

23

46

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

wea Ki| wK GKB KviY AvZ 12 Avveii niZvj e_15 nq|

G`ki KwgDwb cvwU 1965 mvj `ytLRbKfve Pxb I ik cw wnme
wef nq hvq| ciI Pxbcwiv wewfb mgq wewfb Dc`j wef nIqv
AevnZ ivLb| Ze cvq mKjB Zv`i cKvk ivRbwZK g ev Avkq wnme
fvmvbx bvc I fvmvbxK eenvi Kib| G`i AvtDc`jxq i mekl
ewntcKvk NU 31 Rvbyqvwi 1974 bvci (fvmvbx) K`xq KwgwU evwZji16
ga w`q| Gme -Kjn gvIev`x gvIjvbv GZB wei nb h, 6 de~qvwi
wZwb KzgZ ivevbx cvwU bvg GKwU `wY cw `j MVb Ki cwZwqvkxj
ivRbxwZZ wbRK wbqvwRZ Kib|
wfqZbvg msnwZ I QvnZv
evnvii wWm^ii kl w`K gvwKb hyiv KZK wfqZbvg evcK nvi
evgv elYi cwZev` evsjv`k Qv BDwbqb XvKvq wevf c`kb I
cwmWU wbbi KzkcywjKv `vn Ki Ges 1 Rvbyqvwi 1973 wfqZbvg
msnwZ w`em cvjbi KgmwP MnY Ki|
mw`b XvKvi ZvcLvbv ivW AewZ gvwKb Z_K`i mvgb Qv
BDwbqbi KqK nvRvi Kgx wevf c`kbKvj wfqZbvgi wecex
miKviK ^xKwZ c`vb Ges ZvcLvbv ivWi gZ AwZ iZcY GjvKv _K
NY gvwKb Z_K` Ab mwiq bqvi Rb evsjv`k miKvii cwZ Avnvb
Rvbvbv nq| GK chvq wez Qviv Rxic aviY Ki Avi Amwnz cywjk
wbwePvi wjelY Ki| QvbZv gwZDj Bmjvg I gxRv Kv`i wbnZ Ges
civM gvneye mn 7 Rb AvnZ nq|
^vaxb evsjv`k msMwVZ c_g QvnZvi NUbv gyn~Z kni Qwoq co I
mei Avjvob mw Ki| mwPevjq _K miKvwi KgPvwiiv `j eua
ivRc_ bg Gm Qv-RbZvi mv_ hvM w`q wevf cKvk Ki| knx`i
jvk wbq AbywZ wevf wgwQj Pviw`K _K nvRvi nvRvi Qv-RbZv hvM
`q| wgwQj hZ mvgb AMmi nq, ZZB `xN nq| mviv kni wevfi kni

15
16

gynv` nvweeyi ingvb, evsjv`ki ZvwiL, gvIjv ev`vm, XvKv, 1998, cv 83

G mgq `ji mfvcwZ wQjb fvmvbx I mvaviY mv`K wQjb KvRx Rvdi| 4 gvP `ji
bZzb KwgwU MwVZ nq Ges `vjvj gwkDi ingvb hv`y wgqv Gi mvaviY mv`K wnme
AvwefZ nb

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

47

cwiYZ nq| miKvwi `wbK evsjvI weKj wekl UwjMvg17 ei Ki|

NUbvi AvKwKZvq wenj ivcwZ Avey mvC` Payix I cavbgx kL
gywReyi ingvb kvK-evYx c`vb Kib| cavbgx NUbvi wePvi wefvMxq
Z`i18 wb`k `b|
kni c`wY kl jvk-mgZ wevf wgwQj cb gq`vb Gm cuQj
^ZZ Rbmgvek c` GK fvlY Qv BDwbqb mfvcwZ I WvKmy mnmfvcwZ gyRvwn`yj Bmjvg mwjg kL gywRei WvKmyi m`mc`19 evwZj
NvlYv Ki Zv wQuo djb| ciw`b mviv`k QvnZvi cwZev` niZvj
cvwjZ nq|
gywRei WvKmyi m`mc` evwZj Kiv I Lybx gywRe M`x Qvo, duvwm PvB
cfwZ vMvb AvIqvgx gnj Zxe cwZwqvi mw Ki| Zviv cwZci
wei Gi cvv eev MnY D`vMx nq| 5 Rvbyqvwi XvKv mn mviv `k
bvc (gvRvddi), Qv BDwbqb I WvKmy Awdm nvgjv Pvwjq fvsPzi I
AwMmshvM Kiv nq Ges Kv_vI Kv_vI `Lj Kiv nq| XvKvq Awdm
AevbiZ ZrKvjxb bvc bx AwMKbv gwZqv PayixK jvwZ Kiv nq|
`ki me bvc-Qv BDwbqb bZv-Kgx`i Dci nvgjv Kiv nq| G nvgjv
gvKvejvi cqvRbxq kw evgcw`i wQj bv| Abw`K gywhyi ci
kwK `yej
I mvgvRev`x hoh mdjZv jvf Kivi Avkvq gywRe miKvii
wei Rvm` cgyLi mv_ HKe Av`vjbi cveI evwZj Ki `qv
nq|20 Dv AvIqvgx jxM 10 Rvbyqvix cwZiva w`em wnme cb Rbmfv
Ki Ges 30 Rvbyhvwi eezi cwZ Akvjxb Dw, nZv I wbevPb evbPvji
lohi wei RbgZ Mo Zvjvi Awfcvq mviv`k miKvwi niZvj21
cvjb Ki|
DjL, ^vaxbZvi Rb msMvgiZ exi wfqZbvgx`i mv_ msnwZ cKvki

24

48

Rb AvqvwRZ wevf-mgveki cavb `ywU `vweB gwZDj-Kv`ii ii

wewbgq AwRZ nq| AwPiB ZvcLvbv ivW _K gvwKb Z_K`
(BDGmAvBwm) mwiq bqv nq, 1 AvM evsjv`k wfqZbvgi wecex
miKviK ^xKwZ `q Ges XvKv-nvbq KUbwZK mK vcbi wmv22
bqv nq|
msweavb iPbv I wbevPb
^vqy gywRe-miKvii mePq eo KxwZ RbMYK i jLv msweavb Dcnvi
`vb| msweavb-iPbvq cvwKvwb`i jMwQj 9 eQi Ges evOvwj`i 9 gvm|
nvRvi eQii BwZnvm wewfb KvVvgvZ BZvce KqKevi ^vaxb mvq
AvmjI GB c_g evOvwji BwZnvm msweavb iwPZ nj| AvBbgx W. Kvgvj
nvmbi bZZ MYcwil`23 GwU iPbv Ki| Gikv`i Dc-ivcwZ I
weGbwc miKvii eZgvb AvBb I msm` welqK gx evwivi gI`y` Avng`
G-cm ejb :
... gv GK eQii ga msweavb cYqbi Rb AvIqvgx jxMK cksmv bv
Ki cviv hvq bv| GwU wQj GKwU evcK, mywjwLZ `wjj Ges GB
24
Dcgnv`ki Abvb msweavbi Zzjbvq DbZgvbi|

wK iPbvi PqI KwVb KvR wQj GK eve ic `qv, hv me nqwb|

ZvQvov 4_ _K i Ki cieZx mskvabxmg~n (1991i mskvabx eZxZ)
Gi gj Pwi e`j w`qQ| RbMYi AvKvvi cwZdjb NUwb ej
ZrKvjxb weivax`jxq (bvc) GKgv MYcwil` m`m myiwZ mb GZ
^vi Kibwb| Avi GLb 1972 mvji mB msweavb diZ cvIqvi Rb
RbMY 1975 _K msMvg Ki hvQb| Kx wew G `k!
webv-cwZwZvq I ewk fvU cq wbevwPZ nIqvi evmbv
22

17

18

19
20
21

UwjMvg ei Kivi Aciva `wbK evsjvi mv`K Kwe nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb I evZv
mv`K Avey Zvqve Lvb Zv`i `vwqZ _K AcmvwiZ nb| ci Zuviv h_vg gvZ
evsjv`ki `Zvevmi cm mwPe I XvKvq cavbgwi cm mwPe wbhy nb
Aekl 17 bf^i 1973 gZvi 21 gvP 1974 wePvicwZ bij `vi bZZ Z`
Kwgkb MwVZ nq| wK Kwgkbi wicvU/mycvwik cKvk Ges Zv evevqb miKvwi Kvb
D`vMi K_v Rvbv hvq wb
16 gvP 1972 kL gywReK WvKmy KZK Gi AvRxeb m`mc` `qv nq| ZLb Gi mnmfvcwZ I mvaviY mv`K wQjb h_vg Avmg Avyi ie I Avyj Kzym gvLb
^vaxb `k miKvi weivax GB Av`vjb HK I msMvgi bxwZ h_vh_fve cwiPvjbvi
e_Zvq D`xqgvb evgcw weK kwi RbwcqZv KgZ ki Ki
msev`, 31 Rvbyqvwi, 1973

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

23

24

29 Gwcj 1972 gywRe wfqZbvg _K we`kx mb AcmviYi Avnvb Rvbvb Ges 14 g

1972 AvIqvgx jxM XvKvq GK cwZev` mfvq wfqZbvg mvgvRev`x nvgjv e Kivi
Avnvb Rvbvq| ZvQvov evsjv`k Kvb cKvi AvRvwZK RvUB hvM`vb Kiebv
ejjI wbRvU Av`vjb (NAM) hvM w`q KvhZ: mvgvRev` weivax wkwei Aevb bq
1970 mvj wbevwPZ cvwKvbi 169 Rb RvZxq cwil` m`m (Gg Gb G) I c~e
cvwKvbi 300 Rb cv`wkK cwil` m`m (Gg wc G) MYi ga `vjvwji AwfhvM
Awfhy I wbnZ`i ev` w`q 403 RbK wbq 11 Rvbyqvwi 1972 ivcwZi Avqx
msweavb Av`k ej MYwil` MVb Kiv nq| Gi m`mMYi (Gg wm G) ga _K W.
Kvgvj nvmbi bZZ 34-m`mi GKwU Lmov msweavb KwgwU MVb Kiv nq| 12 Avei
MYcwil` Gi Lmov DvwcZ nq| mvaviY AvBb cYqb cwZZ 4 bf^i Zv MnxZ nq|
14 wWm^i m`mMY GZ ^vi `vb Kib Ges 16 wWm^i _K Zv ejer Kiv nq
gI`y` Avng`, evsjv`k : kL gywRei kvmbKvj, BDwbfvwmwU cm wjwgUW, XvKv,
1983, cv 161

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

49

1973 mvji 7 gvP evsjv`ki msweavbi Aaxb c_g RvZxq msm` wbevPb
AbywZ nq| wbevPb 300 Avmbi ga Rvm` 2wU, RvZxq jxM 1wU, ^Z 6wU
Ges Aewk me Avmb AvIqvgx jxM jvf Ki|
wbevPbi ce 10 deqvwi mKj Rjvi WcywU Kwgkbvi I cywjk
mycvi`i XvKvq WK Gb kL gywRe wbevPb miKvwi I weivax`ji ga
Kvbv elg bv-Kivi Avnvb Rvbvb| wK AvIqvgx jxMi bZv-Kgxiv Zuvi
GB mw`Qvi g~j `qwb| gbvbqbc Rgv `qvi w`b _KB Zviv weivax`ji
cwZ weic AvPiY I vb vb mvmx Kvhg cwiPvjbv Ki|
kL gywRe 4wUi ga 2wU Avmb webv-cwZwZvq wbevwPZ nb| AbK
AvIqvgx bZv webv cwZwZvq Rqx nq wekl ghv`v ARbi cwZhvwMZvq
wj nb| gvivi mvnive nvmb, dwi`cyii K Gg Ievq`yi ingvb, fvjvi
Zvdvqj Avng` Ges gvZvnvi Dwb weivax cv_x`i gbvbqbc Rgv w`ZB
`bwb| ivRkvnxi GBP Gg Kvgvivgvb, gqgbwmsni iwdKDwb fTv,
wKkviMi mq` bRij Bmjvg, wRjyi ingvb I gbvib ai
weivaxcv_x`i gbvbqbc cZnvi eva Kib| kL gywRei wei Aci
`ywU Avmb cwZwZv Kivi welqwUKI AvIqvgx jxM gywRei mvbnvwb
wnme weePbv Ki|
AvKvv _vKv mI hviv webv-cwZwZvq wbevwPZ nZ cvibwb, Zviv
ekx fvU cq Zv`i RbwcqZv c`kbi cwZhvwMZvq AeZxY nb|
gywMi kvn gvqvg nvmb gvU 1 jvL 30 nvRvii ga 1 jvL 7 nvRvi
6 kZ I XvKvi MvRx Mvjvg gvdv 1 jvL 62 nvRvii ga 1 jvL 10
nvRvi fvU cvb| kL gywRe cvki Avmb MvRxi _K Kg fvU (1 jvL 5
nvRvi) cvb|25 GZI gywRei mvbnvwb weePbv Ki Zuvi cv fvU evwoq
1 jvL 14 nvRvi NvlYv Kiv nq!
civwRZ nqI wbevwPZ
UvvBji gx Ave`yj gvbvb fvmvbx bvci W. Avjxg Avj ivRxi KvQ,
mybvgMi gx Ave`ym mvgv` AvRv` bvci (gv.) myiwZ mbi KvQ,
ewikvj nibv_ evBb I Ave`yj gvbvb Rvm`i gRi Rwjji KvQ (2wU
Avmb), bij Bmjvg gyi ivk` Lvb gbbi KvQ , Kvb myRvZ Avjx
AavcK gvRvddi Avng`i KvQ civwRZ nqI Rqx NvwlZ nqQb ej
`kevmx gb Ki| PMvg bvci cv_x gvkZvK Avng` PayixK
emiKvwifve wbevwPZ NvlYv KiI ci 10 gvP eZvi civwRZ NvlYv Kiv
nq| 10 gvP 1973 dwi`cyi bvci cv_xmn 4 RbK wcwUq nZv Kiv nq|
25

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm (eezi mgqKvj), c~ev, cv 43

25

50

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

wbevPb fvlKvi I MelKiv gb Kib, 1973 mvj AbywZ c_g RvZxq msm`
wbevPb ZrKvjxb Kvbv ivRbwZK `jiB AvIqvgx jxMK gvKvejv Kivi
gZv wQj bv| ZviciI AvIqvgx jxMi e bZv I KgxB wbevPb Awbqgi
Avkq bq| AZ 15wU Avmbi Aev wQj AZ wechKi, hLvb miKvwi
`ji Kwgiv mvm, cywjs GRU AcniY Ges evjU ev wQbZvBqi NUbv
NUvq|26 wbevPbvi GK mvsevw`K mjb W. Avjxg Avj-ivRx ejb,
miKvwi `ji Kvb Kvb weRqx cv_xi c cwZ 18 mK GKwU fvU
coQ hv eve me bq|27
bvccavb AavcK gvRvddi Avng` GK mvsevw`K mjb `vwe
KiwQjb, myfve wbevPb AbywZ nj mKj weivax`j wgj 50wUi gZv
Avmb jvf KiZ| AeRvifvii GK cwZe`b gZ, weivax`jK Kgc
30wU Avmb _K ewZ Kiv nqQ|28 weivax`ji `vwe chvjvPbv Ki ejv
hvq, Aeva I myz wbevPb njI AvIqvgx jxM wbizk msLvMwiZv cq miKvi
MVb KiZ cviZ| Abw`K msm` GKwU `vwqZkxj weivax`j _vKj miKvi,
`k I MYZi AMhvv AevnZ _vKZ| AvIqvgx jxM `kK wbR`i
ZvjyK gb Ki h_QvPvi Kivq wbevPbi wekvmhvMZv b nq |
Avmb evovZ wMq Avv nviv
mveK ciiv mwPe dviK Payix RvbvQb, kL gywRe jb ZvK ejwQjb
h, weivax `jjv hw` 100wU Avmb cZ Zvnj `ki ivRbwZK mgmv
AbK Kg nZ|29 LyeB mZ K_v, wK wbevPbi cev ci NUbv G-K_vi m
gj bv| eis KviI KviI aviYv weivax`jmg~nK b b 9wU Avmb `qv
nqQ| 10wU Avmb cq hb Zviv msm` weivax`j MVb bv KiZ cvi|
wbevPb AvIqvgx jxM AvmbmsLv evovZ wMq RbMYi Avv I fvjvevmv
nvwiqQ| ejv Pj Gi gvagB i nq RbwewQbZv|30 G-cm KvRx
26
27
28
29
30

Z_cw wbevPb wicvwUs, mW, XvKv, 1996, cv 97

mq` Aveyj gKmy`, fvmvbx (c_g L), XvKv, 1986, cv 481
wbevPb Kwgkbi cwZe`b-1973, mvvwnK bZzb evsjvi deqvwi I gvPi wewfb msLv,
evsjv`k AeRvifvi 9 gvP, Ges msev` 8-15 gvP 1973
wZb wewk Rbi (Avwbmyvgvb, gv. gywReyj nK, dviK Payix) GKv AvjvPbv, c_g
Avjv, 15 AvM 2002
gv `yAvovB gvm ci Ryb AbywZ Dc-wbevPb AcivRq AvIqvgx jxM wmjU I
ivRkvnxZ 2wU Avmb civwRZ nq Ges Abvb Avmb Rqx njI gvPi Zzjbvq Kg fvU
cvq (XvKvq GK Avmb gvP 93,581 fvUi j Ryb cvq 39,215 fvU)| gvP webv
cwZwZvq wbevwPZ ivRknxi Avmb Ryb 8 nvRvi fvUi eeavb nvi| `e : mq`
Aveyj gKmy`, fvmvbx (c_g L), c~ev, cv 483-84

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

51

dRjyi ingvb ejQb :

... AvIqvgx jxM wecyjfve wRZQ|... wK h A KwU Avmb bv-RZvi
mvgvb mvebvI wQj, mjvI `Lj KiQ Qj ej Kkj|... wVKgZv
wbevPb njI miKvwi `j eoRvi 20wU Avmb nvivZ| wK mUvI G`i
Kb mBj bv ... h AevwZ GKUv wcwmWU nj webv cqvRb GB wbevPbx
KviPzwcZ, Zv fwelZ `ki Rb f nZ cvi bv| welqUv mvaviY
gvbylI Rvb Ges wbK njI ejvewj KiQ|
`ki jvK AvIqvgx jxMK ev Zv`i gbvbxZ cv_x`i fvU `qwb|
w`qQ eez kL gywReK| mevB Rvb GLb `k Zvi Kvbv weK bB|
eZgvb kvmbhi AgZv I geagvb `ybxwZi K_v RbbB Zey gvbyl
kL mvneK fvU w`qQ| ZvK `kMovi Rb Avevi myhvM w`qQ| Ze
cvkPi`i Kejgy nq wZwb wK GB myhvMi menvi KiZ cvieb?
Pviw`K h Pvcv Amvl aygvwqZ nQ, Zv hw` knvZ `i bv Kiv hvq
Ze nqZv eQi `yBqi gvSB ZvZ AwMzwj `Lv `e| Avi GgbwU
31
nj mB Avb Avgiv mevB fxfZ ne|

wK Gme K_vq Kvb `qvi jvK ZLb wQj bv| _vKj Gme NUZ cviZ
bv| AZ NU hvIqvi ciI mskvabi Pv nZ| cybivew iva Kiv nZ|
Avi Kx Avh, `yB-AvovB eQii gaB AwMKv gywRe, Zuvi cwievi, Zuvi
Avkv, Zuvi Av`k me fxfZ nj| eve AbK mgq KbvKI nvi gvbvq!

26

52

eni ^v_ GB `yiZ Kwgq Avbvi D`vM bqv nq| GiB Ask wnme 3
m^i 1973 MYfeb kL gywRei mfvcwZZ AvIqvgx jxM, bvc
(gvRvddi) I KwgDwb cvwUi GK h_ mfv AbywZ nq| mfvq D wZb`j
GKhvM KvR Kivi wmv MnY Ki| GB cUfwgZ 14 Avei 1973
w`jxq MYHKRvU MwVZ nq|32
BZvce 13 Ryb 1973 MYHKRvUfz ivRbwZK `jmg~ni Qv msMVb
QvjxM I Qv BDwbqbi mg^q MwVZ Qv msMvg cwil` XvKv kni Aea
ikbKvW Dvi mn wewfb h_ Khgi D`vM bq| wK Zv Avkvbyic mvov
RvMvZ e_ nq| mgvR I ivxq Rxebi mei bvbv mgmvq gvbyl RRwiZ|
Gme mgmv mgvavb miKvi gB e_Zvi cwiPq `q| dj mvaviYfve
gvbyli ga miKvi weivax gbvfvei mw nq | Abw`K bvc, KwgDwb
cvwU I Qv BDwbqbmn Abvb MYmsMVbmg~ni HK I msMvgi bxwZ
h_vh_fve KvhKi bv nIqvq gvbyl G`K miKvii we-wUg wnme MY Ki
Ges Gu`i RbwcqZv I `Z nvm cvq33| GgZvevq MwVZ MYHKRvU

32

MYHKRvU
^vaxbZv hy PjvKvj AvIqvgx jxM, bvc (gvRvddi), bvc (fvmvbx),
KwgDwb cvwU (gwYwmsn) I KsMmi cwZwbwa`i wbq GKwU Dc`v KwgwU
MwVZ nq| wK AvIqvgx jxMi GKvski weivaxZvi KviY GwU h_v_ fwgKv
cvjb mg nqwb| ^vaxbZvi ci c_g AavcK gvRvddi I ci gvIjvbv
fvmvbxi RvZxq miKvi MVbi cveI GKB KviY MnY Kiv nqwb|
BZvga KsMmi cavbew gbvib ai AvIqvgx jxM hvM `b Ges
gvIjvbv fvmvbx miKvi weivax Av`vjb AvwbqvM Kib| Abw`K
wfqZbvg msnwZ w`em Qv-nZvK K` Ki bvc (gvRvddi)-KwgDwb
cvwUi mv_ miKvi Z_v AvIqvgx jxMi `iZ ew cvq| kl ch `ki
33
31

KvRx dRjyi ingvb, Avkv I fM Avkvi w`bwj-w`bwjwc : 19721975, c_g Avjv, 12

RyjvB 2002

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

1961 mvj bf^i-wWm^i AvIqvgx jxM I KwgDwbi cvwUi ga KqKwU (4wU) Mvcb
mfv AbywZ nq| AvBqyei mvgwiK kvmbi wei h_fve Av`vjb Mo Zvjvi KgmwP
cYqbi Dk Gme mfv AbywZ nh| kL gywRe, Zdvj nvmb (gvwbK wgqv),
gwYwmn I LvKv ivq Ges mg^qKvix wnme mvsevw`K Ri nvmb Payix mfvmg~n
DcwZ wQjb| ZLb XvKvq AevbKvix knx` mvn&ivIqv`xI civfve AvjvPbvq Ask
bb| kL gywRe KgmwPZ c~e evsjvi ^vaxbZvi `vwe Afz Kivi cve Kib| wK
KkjMZ KviY Zv MnxZ nqwb| wevwiZ AvjvPbvi ci wbic iciLv I KgmwP
MnxZ nq :
1 cvwKvbi K` I c`k MYZvwK Kvqvwjkb miKvi MVb,
2 c~eei Rb ^vqZkvmb,
3 cwg cvwKvb GK BDwbU c_v evwZj Ki mLvbKvi RvwZmg~ni Rb ^vqZkvmb,
4 ivRew``i gyw,
5 msev`ci ^vaxbZv,
6 kwgKi gRywi ew,
7 ^vaxb I wbic e`wkK bxwZ Aej^b|
iciLvq wbZg KgmwPi wfwZ HKe dU MVbi K_vI ejv nq|
(`e : eRjyi ingvb, 62-Gi Qv Av`vjb : bc_ cwZ, GKwU HwZnvwmK eVK ;
mvvwnK GKZv, 19 AvM 1988 ; LvKv ivq, msMvgi wZb `kK, RvZxq mvwnZ cKvkbx,
XvKv, 1986, cv 182-83 ; ivRbwZK wicvU, c_g KsMm, c~e-cvwKvbi KwgDwb
cvwU, 1968, cv 51 - 52
MYHKRvU MVbi j MYfeb w`jxq eVK Abyvbi w`b (3 m^i 1973) WvKmy
wbevPb AbywZ nq| QvjxM I Qv BDwbqbi h_ cvbj Rvm` mgw_Z QvjxMi
wei cwZhvwMZvq AeZxY nq| civRqi Avkvvq miKvi-mg_Kiv evjU ev wQbZvB

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

53

gvbyli ga Kvb Avkvi Avjv `LvZ e_ nq| AfixY wav-i KviY

G RvU ivRbwZK Ab Kvbic BwZevPK fwgKv cvjb mg nq wb| Dci
GK gvbyl ci MwVZ evKkvji eb wnme AvLvwqZ Ki|
IAvBwm mjb I ag-wbicZv
ivRbxwZZ agi mswgkY mK evsjv`ki RbMYi AwfZv fqven wZ|
^vaxbZvi ci c_g myhvMB miKvi mv`vwqK ivRbwZK `jmg~n wbwl
NvlYv Ki| G-mK Avkvev`x nq wewk jLK BKevj wms 21 Rvbyqvwi
1972 mvmvwj Bwqv cwKvq jLb :
... evsjv`ki Avwefve gjev`x kwmg~ni Dci GKUv Pig AvNvZ wnmve
GmQ Ges msvi-Av`vjbi dj GKUv bZzb eM mw ne|... c_gevi
GB Dcgnv`ki BwZnvm Aevi Ggb YMZ cwieZb GmQ h,
cwieZbi gaw`q agwbic ivxq KvVvgv evsjv`k, fviZ, GgbwK
cwKvbi mgvRKI GKUv gwjK cwieZbi w`K GwMq wbZ mvnvh
Kie|34

gywReI Avkv KiwQjb agxq BmyZ m I wee`gvb cvwKvb I fviZi

ga evsjv`k GKwU cvei-iv (Buffer State) wnme cvPi myBRvijv
^ic Aevb Kie| wK Gu`i Avkv djeZx nqwb| evsjv`k
agwbicMZvi bxwZ cwiZ nqQ| fviZ msweavb agwbicZv ^xKZ
_vKjI KvhZ: mv`vwqKZv ew cqQ| cvwKvbi kvmKP agvPvix
(Ritualist) bv njI mLvb Rbgb agxq eyu` mwi Pv geagvb|
ewMZ Rxeb gywRe ag wekvmx wQjb| wK cvZvwnK Rxeb wbagvPvix ejZ hv eySvq, evOvwji AwaKvskB Zv bq, gywReI wQjb bv| Kw_Z
AvQ, cvq Pvik eQi ce gywRei cec
iy l (EaZb 7g cyil) kL AvIqvj
ag cPvii Rb35 G`k AvMgb Kib| kL AvIqvji cy kL Rwniwb
agcPvii mv_ mv_ RxweKvRb eemv i Kib| g Zviv vbxq`i mv_
GK `n jxb nq evOvwj (gymjgvb) cwiwPwZ jvf Kib|
g~jZ gymwjg jxMi wez I ZiY m`miv fviZwefvMi ci
cvwKvbi ii w`K 1949 mvj AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM MVb Kib|
KqK eQi ci 1955 mvj gymwjg k wejvc Ki AvIqvgx jxMK

34
35

Ki wbevPb fzj Ki `q-G _K I miKvi I miKvi mg_K RvUi RbwcqZv mK

GKwU mvaviY aviYv cvIqv hvq
G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 163
wmivR D``xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 26

27

54

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Amv`vwqK msMVb icvwiZ Kiv nq| wK mKj m`mB icvwiZ

nqQb Ggb bq| cKZ
c G`i AwaKvski `wfw gymwjg jxMvi`i
_K wfb wQj bv, hw`I gyL Zviv agwbicZvi c ejZb| ZvQvov
ivRbxwZZ agi Aceenvi e Kiv, Kvbv wbw` agK iv _K
ccvlKZv bv Ki mKj ewK Zvi wbR ag cvjb Kvbv evav mw bv-Kivi
wbicZvi bxwZ RbmvaviY cPvi Ki gvbylK Dy Kiv nqwb| dj
agwbicZvK agnxbZv ej KZ kci AccPvi Rbwcq nqQ| Gcm RbK gywnZ gRyg`vii eivZ G Gj LwZe ejb :
AvIqvgx jxMi gvS wKQy Pig agwbic ew `kb wnme ivRbwZK
agwbicZv Ges agxq m`vqi cPwjZ c_vbyhvqx ag cvjbi h ea
AwaKvi iqQ Zvi cv_K Abyaveb e_ nb|36

miKvwi QywUi ZvwjKv _K Aviv ev` `Iqv nq I bZzb cZvkvi cZxK

wnme bevb Drmei QywU (17 wWm^i) NvlYv Kiv nq| ci gywRe QywUi
ZvwjKvq bevb w`em evwZj Kib Ges Aviv w`em hy Kib| ^vaxb
evsjv`ki gZv MnYi c_g mvnB (15 Rvbyqvwi 1972) gywRe miKvwi
Abyvb g`cvb wbwl Kib| ci 16 Gwcj mgM `k g`cvb I Nvo`o
xov wbwl NvlYv Kib (Nvov `oi mv_ RyqvLjvi cPjb wQj)| g`, Ryqv
cfwZ evsjv`k agxq, bwZKZv Ges ^vwevbI Amgw_Z|
^vaxbZvi c_g eQi evsjv`k we`k 22wU wgkb vcb Ki| 98wU `k
evsjv`kK ^xKwZ `q, XvKvq 28wU KzUbwZK wgkb vwcZ nq RvwZmsNi
10wU AvRvwZK msvi m`mc` evsjv`k jvf Ki|37 G mvdj mnR
AwRZ nqwb| RvwZmsNi m`mc` ZLbI cvIqv hvqwb| G c_ cavb evav
cvwKvbi wg hyiv I Pxb| mw` AvieI IAvBwmZ cvwKvbi Nwb
ez| cvwKvbi m AbKjv mgmvi mgvavb Kiv cqvRb| AvUK-cov
evOvwj I wenvix`i wbR wbR `k diZ cvVvbv, hyew``i dir cvVvbv,
hyvcivax`i wePvi, m`i wnmv, mevcwi ^xKwZ| gywRe Dchy
mgmvmg~n
mgvavb IAvBwmi fwgKvi iZ Dcjw Ki 23 deqvwi 1974 jvnvi
Abyq Gi kxl mjb hvM`vbi wmv bb| BZvga evsjv`kK
^xKwZ `vbKvixmn ek wKQy gymwjg iv evsjv`kK gb bqvi Rb
cvwKvbK Abyiva Rvbvq| G mewKQyi dj mjbi AvMi w`b cvwKvb
36
37

G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 112

mi`vi AvgRv` nvmb, eez nZvi ci mUKvj ZrKvjxb msm` m`m`i AvbyMZ
(wbe), `wbK RbK, XvKv, 15 AvM 2003

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

55

evsjv`kK ^xKZ `q Ges GB ^xKwZK mwZcY Kivi Rb Zv`i msweavb

mskvab Ki|
AvjRwiqvi cwmWU nvqvwi evg`xb XvKvq hvvweiwZ Ki gywReK
mv_ wbq mjb hvb| gywRei DcwwZ I fvlYK mKj AvwiK ^vMZ
Rvbvb| Zuvi ewZ ivRv-ev`kvmn mKji `w AvKlY Ki| divi c_
wgkii cwmWU Avbvqvi mv`vZ38 evsjv`k mdi Kib| Bivb I Zzi G
mgq evsjv`kK ^xKwZ `q|
17 m^i 1974 RvwZmsN 136Zg `k wnme evsjv`kK ^xKwZ
c`vb Ki (Gevi Avi Pxb fUv cqvM Kiwb)| Ze mw` Avie I Pxbi
^xKwZ gywRei gZz i ce cvIqv hvqwb| 16 AvM 1975 mw` Avie I my`vb
Ges 31 AvM Pxb evsjv`kK ^xKwZ `q|39 G NUbvK KD KD ejQb
agwbicZv _K mi Avmvi cyivi| fviZi mveK ciiv mwPe R Gb
`xwZi gZ :
Kvjg evsjv`k icvwiZ nq GK Bmjvgx cRvZ| GB j c_g
c`c MnY KiwQjb kL gywRe wbRB, hLb wZwb 1974 mvj jvnvi
40
Mgb KiwQjb Bmjvgx msnwZ kxl mjb hvM`vbi Rb|

wKQyw`b ciB (gvP gvm) eAvBwb gymwjg jxMi cvb bZv Aveyj nvwkg
IAvBwm mjb hvM `Iqvq gywReK Awfbw`Z Kib Ges Awej^
38

39
40

wgki-BmivBj hy mg_bi wb`kb^ic gywRe wgki Avei, 1973 -G wegvb-fwZ (1

j cvD) DrK gvbi Pv cvVvb| hy A_ I Ai cqvRb ewk njI evsjv`ki
c Zv `qv me wQjbv| wgki G Dcnvi AZ Avb`i mv_ MnY Ki| cwmWU
Avbvqvi mv`vZ| hy kl 1974-Gi emKvj Kvqivi KvQvKvwQ (wmbvB) gifwgZ
mvRvbv emsLK wU-54 Uv _K 30wU (gZvi 32wU) Uv evsjv`k Dcnvi
`Iqvi cve cvVvb GKw`K evsjv`ki AvwiKZvi cwZ`vb, Abw`K m`-^vaxb
`wi` evsjv`kK A w`q mvnvh Kiv| wK gywRe G cve DrmvwnZ eva Kibwb|
mk evwnbx mK Zvi wPv-fvebvi mv_ meZ G mwZc~Y bq| wK ciiv `i I
gxeMi civgk wZwb mwZ `b| RyjvB 1974-G 400 ivD Mvjvmn D Uv
evsjv`k cuQvq| mvgwiK evwnbxi GKgv muvRvqv iwRgU dv ej jvmi DcAwabvqK gRi dviK AvbyvwbKfve Gjv MnY Kib| enii BZvc~ei 3wU Uvmn
MwVZ Uv iwRgU XvKvq gvZvqb Kiv nq| hw`I XvKv I Zvi cvkeZx GjvKv
Uvhyi DchvMx bq| gywhyi mgqI Uvhy nqQ hkvi, wnwj, Kzwgjv cfwZ
GjvKvq| mZKZv^ic Gjvi Mvjvevi` Mvcb MvRxcyi AWbv wWcvZ Zvjve
Ki ivLv njI mbvcavbi XvKvq Uv gvZvqbi GB fzj wmvi RbB Mvjvnxb
Uvi AvZ mw Ki `y Awdmviiv 1975-Gi ga-AvM nZv h NUvZ mg nq
evsjv`kK ^xKwZ`vZv `k I msvmg~ni ZvwjKvi Rb cwiwk 4 co~b
GgvR Dxb Avng`, fviZxq bxwZ wbaviK`i `wZ kL gywReyi ingvb (wbe), `wbK
BbwKjve, 15 AvM 2002| Kviv Kviv gZ, IAvBwm mjb ^qs gywRe bv wMq
cwZwbwa cvVvj Zuvi agwbic fveg~wZUv nqZ Azb _vKZv

28

56

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

cvwKvbi mv_ eemv-evwYR i I Rj-LvUv `vjvj`i wZciYi `vwe

Rvbvb| GKvii gvP XvKvq Rbwcq vMvb wQj fzvi eyK jvw_
gvivevsjv`k ^vaxb Kiv| mB fzv ^vaxb evsjvq wecyj mseabv jvf
Kib cuPvii Ryb| `yGK vb cvwKvb-wR`vev` vMvb IV ejI
kvbv hvq|
gywRei mvaviY gvq gywcv `vjvjiv myhvM cq Avevi ivRbxwZZ
mwq nq DV| 1974-G AbywZ vbxq msvi (BDwbqb, cimfv) wbevPb
ekwKQy vb Giv wbevwPZ nq| G`i msLv 10-15 kZvski ewk bv njI
GB cybivb wQj Akwb msKZ| 16 Gwcj 1975 GK Aav`k Rvwii gvag
BmjvwgK dvDkb cwZv Kiv nq| G mewKQy agwbicZvi bxwZK cQb
Vm w`q agxq mv`vwqKZv cybixebi c_ Dby Ki|
RbMYi MYZvwK AwaKvi ev c`ki ^vqkvmbi `vwe DVjB
cvwKvbi kvmKMvx Bmjvg wecb wRwMi ZzjZ| Gme KviY wgkii
ev`kvn dviK ejwQjb, gb nq, cvwKvb mw nevi ce Bmjvg ejZ
wKQy wQj bv|41 `ytLi welq, evsjv`kI Zv`i `vjvjiv Mvcb Mvcb GB
GKB AvIqvR ZzjwQj|
wKwmvii AvMgb ; ZvRDwbi wbMgb
hyi Z mi DVvi AvMB evsjv`k Avv nq iYvZxZ Kvji fqven
ebvq| ebvi Abyl nq `Lv `q gnvgvix Avi `ywf| dj `ki `yej

A_bxwZ nq co AvivI envj| bv Lq gie, Zey kZhy FY be bv

ejwQjb h ^vaxb-PZv A_gx ZvRDwb Avng`, mB wZwbB Uvbv 37
w`bevcx mgvRZvwK I abZvwK `kmg~n mdi wMq FY I mvnvh cv_bv
Ki 13 Avei 1974 `k cZveZb Kib| ZvRDwbi Rb G wQj GK
MvwbKi KZe| wK gY-Kvw `i nIqvi AvMB (26 Avei) wcq
bZv gywRei KvQ _K wZwb cjb Gi DrK cyivi, c`ZvMi wb`k|42
41
42

G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 36

7 Avei 1974 AvgwiKv (RvwZmsN) mdi kl XvKv cZveZb Ki gywRe NvlYv
Kib, msKU mvgwqK evcvi| wK mvnv 13 Avei 37 w`bi wewfb `k mdi
kl `k cZveZb Ki ZvRDwb msKUi fqvenZv Dcjw Ki ejb, eZgvb Aev
PjZ cvi bv| Avgiv evwjZ gv_v MuvR PjZ cvwi bv| wZwb me`jxq Lv` KwgwU Kiv I
Kvivew` ivRbwZK bZv`i gywi cI gZ e Kib| G KviYB ZuvK c`ZvMi
wb`k `qv nq ej gnjwekl gb Kib| DjL, 1972 mvji gvP XvKvq Re iUwQj
h, AwZwi KvRi Pvc gywRe Amy| ZvB ^v Avi ckvmwbK cqvRb ZvRDwbK
cybt cavbgx wbqvM Kiv nQ| G cm cwZwqv wnme Avwb gvmKvibnvmK gywRe

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

57

30 m^i 1974 IqvwksUb gywRe-wKwmvi eVK43 AbywZ nIqvi GK

gvmi ga (30 Avei) nbwi wKwmvi 19 Nvi mdi44 XvKv Avmb| G
meRbwew`Z h, gvwKb hyiv gywhy evsjv`ki wec Zv wQjB, GgbwK
gywhyi wei bvbv lohI wj wQj| evsjv`ki Afz`q wQj Zv`i Rb
eo iKg civRq| wg. wKwmvi GK Zvi ewMZ civRq ejI gb Kib| G
nb wKwmvii AvMgbi wZb w`b AvM ZvRDwbi c`ZvMK ivRbwZK
gnj miKvii bxwZMZ cwieZbi BwZevnx gb Kib|
ZvRDwb wQjb `ZKzj cnv `| eyRvqv AvIqvgx cwievi mgvRZ
Avvevb|45 Pjb-ejb axi, KZe wbvevb| gywRebMi miKvii Avqx
ivcwZ I gwcwil`i m`me` cwZv KiwQjb, evsjv`k ^vaxb bv nIqv
ch KDB cvwievwiK Rxeb hvcb Kieb bv | GKgv ZvRDwbB G
cwZv cvjb KiwQjb| cevm gywRebMi miKvi MVb _K i Ki gywhy
cwiPvjbv meB wZwb h_v_ D`vMx fwgKv cvjb Kib| kL gywRei
AbycwwZZ ZvRDwbi AmvaviY bZZi djB gywhyi `Z mdj mgvw
NUQ| Ze cwZc`B wZwb euvavi myLxb nqQb| gav I AwfZv w`q
mKj evav PY KiB wZwb DbvPb KiQb mdj RMZi jnKcvU| `ytLRbK
h, Gme euvavi GKwU DjLhvM Ask GmQ wbRi `ji bZv-Kgx`i KvQ
_KB| hy i I PjvKvj e_ njI ^vaxb evsjv`k ZvRDwb weivaxiv

43

44

45

ejb, Zviv wK gb Ki h, Avwg miKvi cwiPvjbvq Ag? Gi ci _KB gywRe

ZvRDwbK m`ni PvL `LZ i Kib ej aviYv Kiv nq
17 m^i 1974 evsjv`k 136Zg m`m wnme RvwZmsN Afy nIqvi ci Gi
mvaviY cwil`i Awaekb hvM`vbi Rb cavgx kL gywRe gvwKb hyiv mdiKvj
cwmWU wbbi mv_I eVK Kib
wKwmvii GB mdi evsjv`k GKwU Zjvnxb Szwo DcvLvbi Rb `q| Avi evsjv`k
GgbB wewP `k h, Gic AcgvbRbK ge Kivi ciI evsjv`kx ivRbxwZKiv
wKwmvii mgvjvPbv Kib bv, eis myhvM cjB GB e`-evK gywRe I AvIqvgx jxMi
wei eenvi Ki Dci w`K _y_y dj| nvq! `ki fveg~wZ vb!
^vaxb evsjv`ki g~j msweavb iv cwiPvjbvi AbZg g~jbxwZ wnme mgvRZ MnxZ
nq| MYZi gvag mgvRZ ARbi wKQy KgmwPI MnxZ nq| wK ^vaxbZvi c~e
ch mgvRZ mK kL gywRei cKZ gbvfve eySvi Rb gvP 1971 -G AmnhvM
PjvKvj GRw-dv-cm Gi RbK cwZe`KK `qv ee weePbv Kiv hZ cvi|
gywRe ejQb, cwg cvwKvbx miKvi wK GUv Rvb bv h, aygv Avwg Ges aygv
AvwgB c~e cvwKvbK KwgDwbRgi nvZ _K iv KiZ cvwi! Zviv hw` Avgv`i
wei jovBq AeZxb nq, Avwg gZv nvivev, Avi Avgvi RvqMv `Lj Kie
bvjcwiv| Avwg hw` Lye ekx Qvo w`B Zv nj Avgvi KZZ b nq hve| Avwg GK
KwVb Aevb iqwQ| (jv g`u, 31 gvP 1971, DZ : ji wjdjrm, Amgv wece,
Kbj Zvni msm`, XvKv, 1988, cv 44)

29

58

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

mnRB mdjKvg nq|

wekl gZv AvBb, Riix Aev, 144 aviv
^vaxbZvi wZxq eQiwU (1973 wL.) i nq, gvwKb hyiv KZK Avv
wfqZbvgx`i cwZ msnwZ RvbvZ Avmv `yRb QvnZv w`q Ges kl nq (27
wWm^i) Rvgvjcyi wbevPbx nvvgvq cywjki wjZ 3 Rb wbnZ I 20 Rbi
MdZvii gvag| eQii iZcyY NUbvewji ga mvaviY wbevPb Abyvb,
WvKmy wbevPbi evjU ev wQbZvB, XvKv wekwe`vjq 4 Rb Qv Lyb, cv_wgK
wkv RvZxqKiY, RvZxq eZb j NvlYv, cvwKvbx `vjvj`i Rb
mvaviY gv NvlYv, ivcwZi c` _K Avey mvC` Payixi c`ZvM cfw Z
AbZg| GQvov `eg~j, jyUZivR, Lyb-Lvivwe cfwZi gewi mv_ cvjv
w`q eoQ miKvwi mvm| weivax`ji Awdm cyovbv, `Lj Kiv,46 GgbwK
^xKZ MYZvwK Av`vjbi Uuwy U Pc aiv nq| ejv hvq, aygv `vjvj Qvov
Avi KviI RbB eQiwU myLKi wQj bv|
^vaxbZvi ci `yeQi mgq AwZv nqQ| RbRxebi mgmv mgqi
mv_ cvjv w`q eoB PjQ| Rvm`, bvc (fvmvbx) I Abvb gvIev`x
`jmg~ni miKvi I mgvR weivax KvhKjvcI eo PjQ GKB Zvj| Gme
gvKvejvq eevcbvMZ I ivRbwZKfve e_ nq miKvi `gb bxwZi Avkq
MnY Ki| 5 Rvbyqvwi 1974 RvZxq msm` wekl gZv AvBb 1974 cvm
Ki|47 G AvBbi ej Rjv ckvmK h Kvb bvMwiKK ivi Rb wZKi
gb Kij, ZvK webv civqvbvq MdZvi Ki KvivMvi AvUK ivLZ cvib|
^fveZtB wbeZbg~jK GB AvBbi wei miKvi-weivax ivRbwZK
`jmg~ni c _K cwZev`i So DV| GgZvevq 13 Rvbyqvwi c_gevii
gZv miKvi RbRxeb kvw I AvBb-kLjv AUzU ivLZ XvKv I bvivqYM
kni 144 aviv Rvwi Ki 3 deqvwi 1974 ch mKj cKvi mfv, wgwQj
wbwl NvlYv Ki|
Rvm` GB NvlYvK Agvb Ki 18 Rvbyqvwi XvKvq wevf wgwQj ei
46

47

KvRx dRjyi ingvbi fvlvq, gb nQ AZ miKvwi`ji GKUv cfvekvjx Ask PvBQ

cwge hfve KsMm miKvi Kgywb Avi bKkvjx`i `gb KiQ, wVK mfveB
weivax mKj `jK LZg KiZ| bqgvm KjKvZv _vKvKvj GB wkvUv fvjvfveB
wbqQ| Ze GLvb cwgei gZv GZ mnR ne ej gb nq bv| `e : c_g
Avjv, 12 RyjvB 2002
wbeZbg~jK GB AvBbwU cYqbi Rb mKj gnj _K AvIqvgx jxMi mgvjvPbv Kiv nq|
MZ 29 eQii ga mvo 23 eQi A-AvIqvgx miKvi Zvq _vKjI KDB Zv evwZj
Kiwb eis cqvM KiQ, KiQ

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

59

Ki|48 cywjk wgwQj _K 11 RbK MdZvi Ki| Gi cwZev` Zviv ciw`b

cybt wgwQj ei Ki Ges 10 RbK MdZvi Kiv nq| 20 Rvbyqvwi XvKvmn
Abvb kniI Rvm` cwZev` wgwQj ei Ki| mw`b ivRkvnxZ mvsm`
gBbyxb Avng` gvwbKi bZZ AbywZ wgwQj _K 57 RbK MdZvi49
Kiv nq|50
Gici 8 gvP 1974 Rvm` XvKvq GK mgveki AvqvRb Ki 15 gvPi
ga Zv`i 15 `dv `vwe ciYi Avnvb Rvbvq Ges c` mgqmxgvi ga
Zv`i `vwe ciY bv nIqvq Av`vjbK Rx ic w`q 17 gvP ^ivgwi
evmfeb AvgY Ki| mLvb cywjk I ixevwnbxi mv_ MvjvwjZ 8 Rb
wbnZ I ek wKQy AvnZ nq| GB m 23 gvP ivweivax KvhKjvc RwoZ
_vKvi mywbw` AwfhvM Rvm`i gyLc `wbK MYKi mv`K Kwe Avj
gvngy`K MdZvi Kiv nq| G mgq Rjv knijvZI cwiwwZi AebwZ
NU| dj 24 Gwcj 1974 `ybxwZ, PvivPvjvb, mvm `gb mbvevwnbxK
Zje Ki nq| GKB mv_ meiKg agNU, wevf, wgwQj eAvBwb NvlYv Kiv
nq| 26 Gwcj XvKv, Lyjbv, iscyi I wmjU 144 aviv Rvwi Kiv nq| 29 Gwcj
mvgwiK I emvgwiK h_ Awfhvb `ki wewfb vb _K cPzi A I
Mvjvevi` Dvi Kiv nq| Gw`b Kzwgjvq ivRbwZK bZvmn 60 ewK
MdZvi Kiv nq| 30 Ryb gwkDi ingvb hv`y wgqv I Awj Avnv`K MdZvi
Kiv nq| 7 RyjvB PMvg bvc bZv Mvjvg KweiK MdZvi Kivnq| 14
m^i I 16 bf^i AbywZ Rvm`i Rbmfvq h_vg ivRew``i gyw I
miKvii c`ZvMmn 16 `dv `vwe ck Kiv nq| 23 bf^i kvRvnvb wmivR I
bi Avjg wRKzK MdZvi Kiv nq|
28 wWm^i 1974 mgvR weivax`i KvhKjvci KviY mviv `k
Riix Aev NvlYv Kiv nq| agNU, jKAvDU, Rbmgvekmn gwjK AwaKvi
wMZ NvlYv Kiv nq| 27 Rvbyqvwi 1975 MYK Kvhvjq wmR Kiv nq|
evKkvj
g gvmi gvSvgvwS wcwKs -G PGb jvB-fv Ges w`wjZ gywRe-Bw`iv
eVK AbywZ nq| Gme eVK cviwiK ^v_ QvovI gnv`kxq ivRbwZK
Aev iZ cvq| Gmgq fviZ I evsjv`k Dfq `kiB AfixY ivRbxwZ
48
49
50

18-20 Rvbyqvwi 1974 XvKvq AvIqvgx jxMi KvDwj AbywZ nq| kni 144 aviv Rvwi
_vKv Aevq Kx Ki Zv me njv? GgZvevq AbywZ KvDwj `ji RbwewQbZv bq Kx?
`wbK MYK, 19-21 Rvbyqvwi, 1974
gB miKvii `gbKvh ew cvq Ges 28 Rvbyqvwi ixevwnbxK webv civqvbvq
m`nfvRb`i MdZvii gZv `qv nq

30

60

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

I A_bxwZ msKUvwfgyLx| fviZ mdii ci wewfb AvjvPbvq gywReK

ckvmwbK MYZ I ivRbwZK GKbvqKZ G `ywU bZzb ivRbwZK
cvwifvwlK k eenvi KiZ `Lv hvq|
Pzqvii wZxqva evsjv`k ivcwZkvwmZ miKvicwZ Pvjy Kivi c
cPviYv Pvjvbv nq| GB j AvgwiKv, dv, ZvbRvwbqv cfwZ `ki
mvsweavwbK gWj cixv KiI `Lv nq| bf^ii AvIqvgx jxM msm`xq
`ji GK mfvq mvsweavwbK cwieZb mK AvjvPbv AbywZ nq| cmg
gywRe Rvbvb h, Zvi cvweZ mvsweavwbK cwieZbi evcvi hw` msm`xq
`j weivwaZv DvwcZ nq, Ze RbMYi mwVK ivq bevi Rb Gi Dci
MYfvU MnYi eev Kieb|51
mgqi mv_ mv_ bvkKZvg~jK KvR eo Pj Ges 28 wWm^i 1974
`k Riwi Aev Rvwi Kiv nq| Gfve GKi ci GK MYZvwK AwaKvi niY
Kivi GK chvq 25 Rvbyqvwi 1975 RvZxq msm` msweavbi PZz_ mskvabx
wej cvm nq| G mskvabxZ msm`xq cwZi cwieZ ivcwZ cwZi miKvi
Kvqg QvovI AbK bvMwiK AwaKvi Ko bqv nq| Gi AbZg nQ, GKwU
gv ivRbwZK `ji weavb Ges G weavb Abyhvqx 24 deqvwi evsjv`k
KlK-kwgK AvIqvgx jxM (BKSAL/evKkvj) MVb Kiv nq|
PZz_ mskvabxi AvIZvq kL gywRe mvsm``i fvU ivcwZ wbevwPZ nb
Ges Zuvi cavbgxi kb c` Kvb gbmyi Avjx wbhy nb| GuivB h_vg
evKkvji Pqvigvb I mvaviY mv`K nb| wRjyi ingvb, kL dRjyj nK
gwY I Ave`yi ivvK nb mv`K Ges mq` bRij Bmjvg, L`Kvi gvkZvK
Avng`, G GBP Gg Kvgvivgvb, Ave`yj gvjK DwKj, gwnDwb Avng`,
AavcK BDmyd Avjx, kx gbvib ai, W. gvRvddi Avng` Payix, kL
Avyj AvwRR I MvRx Mvjvg gvdvK wbq 15 m`mi Kvhvwbevnx
KwgwUmn 115 m`mi GKwU K`xq KwgwU gbvbxZ Kiv nq| mKj AvIqvgx
jxM m`m ^qswqfve evKkvji m`m nIqvi AwaKvix52 wQjb| AvIqvgx
jxMi evBi _K evKkvj K`xq KwgwUZ vb cvIqv`i ga AvZvDi
ingvb Lvb, nvRx gvnv` `vbk, ms c kvBb, gvnv` dinv` I AavcK
gvRvddi Avng` AbZg| gIjvbv fvmvbx evKkvj hvM `bwb| Ze Zv
MVbi wZxq mvn KvMgvixZ (UvvBj) AbywZ GK Rbmfvq gywRe-fvmvbx
DfqiB eZv Kiv, wekl Ki fvmvbx KZK gywReK `vqv Ki eZv Kivq
51

52

G Gj LwZe, Kviv gwRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 191| msm`xq `ji mfvi wZxq w`b
cvweZ cwieZb weivax 10 Rb mvsm` Ievq`yi ingvbi evmvq wgwjZ nq| wK gywRei
mg_b Qvov cieZx wbevPb Rqjvf me bq weavq Zviv iY f `q|
`wbK evsjv, 20 deqvwi 1975

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

61

mKjB GK Zvi cQb mg_b wnme MY Kib| Zvi GB Kzkjx Avkxev`

evgcx kwjvi weivwaZvi ZxeZvK bgbxq Ki Zvj|
g~j `ji evBi evKkvji 5wU A msMVb MVb Kiv nq Ges G`i
AvnevqK gbvbxZ Kiv nq : 1. RvZxq KlK jxM (dwYflY gRyg`vi) 2. RvZxq
kwgK jxM (BDmyd Avjx Payix) 3. RvZxq gwnjv jxM (mvR`v Payix)
4. RvZxq hyejxM (Zvdvqj Avng`) 5. RvZxq QvjxM (kL knx`yj Bmjvg)|
3 AvM 1975 evKkvji Rjv KwgwUmg~ni mv`K I hyM mv`K`i bvg
NvlYv Kiv nq|
KgiW gvnv` Zvqvnv I KvRx Rvdi cgLy evKkvj hvM`vbi wmv
MnY Kib| G`i 15 Rb BZvga 12 AvM hvM`vbI Kib|
2 Ryb 9wU `wbK cwKvi mv`K, 23g 224 Rb mvsevw`K, 3 Ryb 302
Rb mvsevw`K, 7 RyjvB gIjvbv bvwmiwbi bZZ 49 nvRvi gv`vmv wkK
evKkvji m`mc`i Rb Ave`b Kib|
evKkvj MVbi wec wQjb Ggb jvKi msLv AvIqvgx cwievi wQj
AwZ bMY| 18 Rvbyqvwi 1975 XvKvq AbywZ AvIqvgx jxMi K`xq bxwZwbaviYx GK mfvq Kej Rbvij Imgvbx I bi Avjg wmwKx Gi weivwaZv
Kib| gywRei mvgb `uvwoqB Imgvbx ejwQjb, Avgiv AvBqye Lvbi gZv
Kvbv gywReyi Lvb53 `LZ PvB bv| ci RvZxq msm` Imgvbx I evwivi
gBbyj nvmb (wniv) Gi weivaxZv Kib| GRb Zviv msm` _K c`ZvMI
Kib|54
^vaxbvi PZzgLy x msKU wbimb evKkvj wQj kL gywRei gwcm
Z
GK Dveb| Gi DkI Kgcv mK wevwiZ wKQy ejv nqwb| gywRei
mgmvgwqK eZv _K hv Rvbv hvq Zv nj : ivRbxwZwe` I Avgjv`i
cviwiK m`n `i Kiv, Avgjv`i viv ivRbxwZwe``i ghv`v zYK
iY e
Kiv, mgvRi vbx-Yx I Abaibi jvK`i m Kiv| mvgwiK,
emvgwiK, miKvwi, emiKvwi KgPvix, ivRbxwZwe`, wkvwe`, eywRxex,
Wvvi, Bwwbqvi hZ`i me mevBK wbq GKwU bZzb `j, bZzb System -Gi
gvag RvZxq HK vcb Kiv| ZvQvov A_bwZK cwZwU Mvg egyLx
mgevq Kiv| mKj Kgg jvK Gi m`m ne| GwU cuvP eQii Rb GKwU
cwiKbv| KlKB Rwgi gvwjK _vKeb| Test relief, works program, mvi,
UvKv cfwZ BDwbqb KvDwji UvDU`i cwieZ Zv`i (mgevqx`i) wbKU
`qv ne| Rwgi dmji GKvsk cve Rwgi gvwjK, GKvsk mgevq mwgwZ I

31

62

Aewk miKvi|
ejv nq, cwZwU _vbvq GKwU ckvmwbK KvDwj ne| ivRbwZK Kgx ev
miKvwi KgPvix Gi Pqvigvb neb| wewfb wefvMi miKvwi KgPvix,
evKkvji cwZwbwa, KlK, kwgK, gwnjv, hye cwZwbwa, evsK cwZwbwa Gi m`m
neb| GivB _vbv Pvjve| me gnKzgv Rjv ne| cZK Rjvq GKRb Mfbi
_vKeb| mvsm`, ivRbwZK Kgx, miKvwi KgPvix GB Mfbi nZ cvib|
mLvb `ji cwZwbwa, mvsm`MY, RbMYi cwZwbwa, miKvwi KgPvix _vKeb|
GB System Pvjy nIqvi ci Lvivc nj rectify Kiv ne| gywRei fvlvq GUvI
MYZkvwlZi MYZ| GLvb RbMYi fvUvwaKvi _vKe| ... GUv
Avgv`i wZxq wece| GB wecei A_ `ytLx gvbyli gyL nvwm dvUvbv|55
ck nQ, GRb evKkvj Kiv Kx AvekK wQj? GKgv ZvRDwb Qvov
mKj AvIqvgx bZv ^qswqfve evKkvji m`m wQjb| Aywjgq KRb
wfb`ji bZv Gi K`xq KwgwUi ZvwjKvi kl w`K vb cjb| `ji bvgI
KvhZ AvIqvgx jxMB iBj| mveK gxcwil` mwPe gv. gywReyj nKi gZ :
...PvUvi `j I `ybxwZi nZvkv...AvBb kLjvi AebwZ, 1974Gi
Lv`vfveRwbZ cwiwwZRvZ nZvkv _KB evKkvj nqwQj|56

wK Gme `ygi nvZviv mKjB Zv evKkvj VuvB cqwQj| gwZDi

ingvbi fvlvq,
evKkvji meii KwgwUZ vb cvq K`xq I vbxq chvqi AvIqvgx
jxM bZe`, hv`i AbKi wei gvbyli vf wQj, e AwfhvM wQj|
GgbwK evKkvji mevP KwgwUZ RvqMv cj L`Kvi gvkZvK Avng`mn
cwiwPZ lohKvixiv|57 evKkvj MVb Kx Ze AvIqvgx weivax`i ivRbxwZ
_K `i ivLvi Kkj wQj? Zv`i m mgqKvi GK bZv-GK `k,
eez-evsjv`k vMvb _K Zv-B cZxqgvb nq| A_P ^vaxbZvi ci

gywRebMi miKvii `yB Dc`v AavcK gvRvddi I gIjvbv

fvmvbxi cvweZ RvZxq miKvi MVb Kiv nj cwiwwZi Gic
msKURbK gvo bv-I wbZ cviZ|
Pzqvii ebv I `ywf
myRjv-mydjv, km-kvgjv nIqv mI bvbv aibi kvlYi dj mvbvi
evsjv g kkvb cwiYZ nq| lvUi `kKi c_gvaB `ki Rb Lv`
55

53
54

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, eezi mgqKvj, c~ev, cv 80

Imgvbx I gBbyj mK wevwiZ Rvbvi Rb h_vg cwiwk : 13 I 15 co~b

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

56
57

RvZxq msm`i KvhweeiYx , 25 Rvbyqvwi 1975

c_g Avjv, 15 AvM 2002 (wZb wewkRbi GKv AvjvPbv)
gwZDi ingvb, cbiv AvM : cQb wdi `Lv (wbe), c_g Avjv 16 I 17 AvM 2002

ivRbwZK KgKvi MwZ-cKwZ

63

Avgv`vbx Kiv cqvRb nq co| ^vaxbZvi ci ciB (31 wWm^i 1971) Lv`
mieivn wbwZ Kivi j 1959 mvj PvjyKZ evbvm fvDPvi eev wejvc
Ki Lv` Kicvikb MVbi wmv bqv nq| 30 gvP 1974 GK cm
wewds-G Lv`gx dwYflY gRyg`vi Rvbvb :
`k Gevi Lv` NvUwZi cwigvb 17 j Ub| GUv evwlK NvUwZ58 miKvi
Lv` Avg`vbx KiQb| myZivs `ywf `Lv `Iqvi AvkLv bB|59

1973-74 el evsjv`k 118.22 j Ub Lv`mk Drcb nq| 29 g

1974 Rvgvwb I evsjv`ki ga 30 nvRvi gwUK Ub Mg mvnvhi welq Pzw
^vwiZ nq Ges m^i bvMv` 1.5 j Ub Lv`km Avg`vwbi cwiKbv
Kiv nq| Gi gaB `k cei mKj iKW f Kiv fqven ebvq Avv60
nq Ges j j ebv_ gvbyli cvY euvPvbvi Rb Lv` mwPe XvKv we`kx
wgkb cavb`i KvQ Ges ciivgx W. Kvgvj nvmb RvwZmsN mvnvh Pq
Ave`b Kib| A_gx ZvRDwb Avng` m^ii c_g mvn _K
Aveii wZxq mvn ch 37 w`b evcx weki wewfb `k mdi Ki FY I
mvnvh jvfi Pv Kib| RvwZmsN Zvi 86wU m`m `kK evsjv`ki Rb
Riwi Lv` mieivni Avnevb Rvbvq| RvwZmsN Lv` msv evsjv`kK Lv`
mvnvh `Iqvi Avkvm c`vb Ki Ges evsjv`k RvwZmsNi Riwi Lv` mvnvh
cve ZvwjKvi Afz nq|
DjwLZ cPvi dj gvwKb iv`Z cavbgxi vY-Znwej 25 nvRvi
Wjvi, Awjqv 16 j UvKvi vY mvgMx, Rvgvbx 2.5 j UvKvi vY mvgMx,
RvwZmsN vY Awdm 20 nvRvi Wjvi mvnvh, hyiv 4 wgwjqb Wjvi GKKvjxb
eiv, mvwfqZ BDwbqb 14 nvRvi cvD mvnvh I eyjMwiqv 70 nvRvi Wjvi
vY mvnvh `vb Ki|
evsjv`ki mvnvh `vwe weePbvi Rb 25 Avei 1974 cvwim
wekevi eVK AbywZ nq Ges 1974-75 A_ eQi 275 wgwjqb Wjvi
mvnvh`vbi wmv nq|
4 m^i 1974 RvwZmsNi gyLc cKvwkZ Z_ Rvbv hvq,
evsjv`ki 1 KvwU 20 j `ywf cxwoZ gvbyli Rb Lv`i cqvRb wQj 5
j Ub Ges wewfb `k I AvRvwZK msv 3 j 47 nvRvi Ub Lv`
ciYi AxKvi Ki| wK RvnvRi Afve Zv cvVvZ wej^ nq|61

32

64

Gmgq AvRvwZK evRvi Zji g~j ew cvIqvq Lv`i Avg`vwb

g~jI eo hvq| AwaK, Avg`vwb I weZiY cwqvq `ybxwZ-^RbcxwZ,
gRyZ`vwi-KvjvevRvwi cfw Zi Rb Lv` cwiwwZi AviI AebwZ NU| Ryb
gvm (1974) gvwKb hyiv KZK Lv` mvnvh e Ki `qvq cwiwwZ RwUj
ic aviY Ki| 1 bf^i 1974 cKvwkZ GK Z_ weeiYxZ Rvbv hvq,
mviv`k 5,757 wU Abmi (jiLvbv) gvag cwZw`b 42 j ebv_K GK
ejv mvgvb Lvevi `Iqvi eev Kiv nq| 22 bf^i 1974 RvZxq msm`
c` GK weewZZ Lv`, vY I cybevmb gx mvo 27 nvRvi gvbyl Abvnvi I
evwaZ gZz eiY KiQ ej Rvbvb| wK AbKB gZi msLv jvwaK ej
gb Kib| 1 Rvbyqvwi 1975 Aygvb gwd`yj Bmjvg cKvwkZ Z_ Rvbv hvq,
1974 mvji RyjvB _K wWm^i ch mgqKvj Zviv XvKv kni 2 nvRvi
4k
43
wU
e-Iqvwik jvk `vdb62 KiQ|
cmg, ebv I `ywf cxwoZ evsjv`ki A_bxwZi cwZwe^ wnme m
mgq Kvcoi Afve Rvj civ Aevq iscyii RbK evmxi Qwe cwKvq
cKvwkZ nq| ci cgvwYZ nq, GwU wQj njy`mvsevw`K Mvx KZK Zix|
XvKvq ZLb Pvji gb AvovBkv63 UvKv| wK evRvi Pvji Kvb Afve wQj
bv| UvKv nj h Kvb cwigvY Pvj cvIqv hvwQj| nvZ UvKv bv _vKvq gvbyl
Lv` wKb LZ cvqwb| A_vr miKvi A` eevcbvi dj evsjv`k Kwg
`ywfi wkKvi nq|

62
58
59
60
61

^vaxbZvi ci cv Lv` I Abvb mvnvhi dj 1972-73 mgqKvj Zgb Kvb Amyweav nqwb
Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cuPvi, cKvkK Avjx Avng`,
mfvcwZ eez wkvMvxi XvKv, 1994, cv 24
ebvq 3 KvwU jvK Avv nq| cvKwZK `yhvM-`yNUbvi Rb cwiwk 8 `Lyb
wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 542

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

63

wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 542-43

14 Ryb 1973 RvZxq msm` ckKZ evRU ikb PvDj I Mgi `vg cwZgb h_vg
40 I 30 UvKv wbavibi cve Kiv nq| GKB mvji bf^i avb I PvDji miKvwi
msMn g~j h_vg 45 I 72 UvKv wbavib Kiv nq| 1970 mvji wbevPbi cPvi c~e I
cwg cvwKvbi ga elgi D`vniY^ic cwZgb Pvji `vg h_vg 50 I 25UvKv
DjL Kiv nq

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

63

32

64

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
z
z

z
z

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi
GK KvwU jvKi `kZvM, `yj gv-evbi BZ, wk j knx`i ii
wewbgq GmQ Avgv`i wcq ^vaxbZv| wbqwgZ I AwbqwgZ jvwaK gywhvv
cvYi gvqv ZzQ Ki jovB KiQb| ^vaxbZv Qvov Zv`i Avi PvIqv-cvIqvi
wKQyB wQj bv| ^vaxbZv ARbi ci ciB cavbgx ZvRDwb gywevwnbxK
wbi bv Ki mKjK wbq RvZxq wgwjwkqv evwnbx MVbi NvlYv `b| 2
Rvbyqvwi 1972 GRb ZvK Pqvigvb Ki 11-m`m wewk wgwjwkqv evW MVb
Kiv nq| evWi Abvb m`me` njb t 1. gvIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb
fvmvbx (bvkbvj AvIqvgx cwU-fvmvbx) 2. G. GBP.Gg. Kvgvivgvb 3.
gbvib ai (KsMm) 4. AavcK gvRvddi Avng` (bvkbvj AvIqvgx cvwUgvRvddi) 5. KgiW gwbwmsn (evsjv`ki KwgDwb cvwU-wmwcwe) 6.
Zvdvqj Avng` (AvIqvjx jxM) 7. Avyi ivvK (AvIqvgx jxM) 8. iwdK
Dwb fuBqv (AvIqvgx jxM) 9. MvRx Mvjvg gvdv (AvIqvgx jxM) I 10.
Kvb myRvZ Avjx (AvIqvgx jxM)| wK AvZ KviY G wmv KvhKi
Kiv nqwb| Dci 31 Rvbyqvwii ga mKj gywhvvK A Rgv`vbi wb`k
`qv nq| m gvZveK 24, 30 I 31 Rvbyqvwi h_vg evNv Kv`i wmwKxi
bZZ Kv`wiqv evwnbx, KgiW gvnv` dinv`i bZZ bvc-KwgDwb
cvwU-Qv BDwbqbi mwwjZ Mwijv evwnbx I kL dRjyj nK gwYi bZZ
gywRe evwnbx (weGjGd) Ges Abvbiv A mgcY Kib| ejv evj, wecyj
cwigvY A G mgcYi evBi iq hvq| wbi I wewQb Ki gywhvv`i hvi
hvi evwo/KvR cvwVq `qvq GKw`K hywea ^vaxb `k Zvi k
mvb`i mev _K ewZ nq, Abw`K mskK gywhvviv `k Movi
hy Ask bv wbZ ci nZvk nb| Gi dj nq AvZNvZx| hv nvK, bvbv
Uvbvcvob I mxgveZv mI gywRe miKvi gywhy I gywhvv`i Rb
wbic eev MnY Kib :
z
z

z
z

z
z

589 Rb exi gywhvvK wewfb LZve fwlZKiY|

wbhvwZZv gv-evb`i exivbv c`weZ fwlZKiY I Zuv`i cybevmbi
D`vM MnY|
gywhvv dvDkb MVb|
gywhvv KjvY Uv MVb| (Uvi Rb 4 KvwU UvKvi gjab
wbaviY| wjvb, bvR, gyb wmbgv nj, dvUv, KvKvKvjv, wmiKv
mvc dvwi cfwZ KjvY UvK c`vb)|
PvKzwiZ gywhvv`i AMvwaKvi I `yeQii RZv c`vb|
RvZxq wZma, eywRxex wZma, knx` mbvbx wZdjKi (XvKv
mbvwbevm) wfwci vcb|
ivRvKvi-Avje`i`i nvZ wbnZ`i cwieviK kvKevYx I bM`
A_mvnvh c`vb|
cvwKvb AvUK evOvwj`i cvl`i gvwmK LvivwK-fvZv c`vb|
^vaxbZv msMvgi BwZnvm iPbvi Rb 13 -m`mi KwgwU MVb|

cwZwU `kB RvZxq PZbvweivax wKQy jvK _vK| RvZxq gyw Av`vjb
Giv Nik wefxlYi fwgKvq AeZxY nq| Avgv`i `kI G-_K ewZg
bq| 25 gvP 1971 nvbv`vi evwnbx wbi evOvwji Dci Suvwcq covi ci c_g
myhvMB wKQy jvK nvbv`vi`i mnhvwMZv Kivi Rb GwMq hvq| Iiv c_g
kvw KwgwU ci Avj-e`i, iRvKvi, Avj-kvgm cfwZ NvZKevwnbx Mo
Zvj| GB mnhvMxiv (KvjveiUi) mvaviYfve `vjvjic cwiwPwZ cvq|
gywi ElvjM 14 wWm^i 1971 eywRxex`i wbab wQj I`i evsjvK gavnxb
Kivi Kkj| ^vaxbZvKvgx cvq cwZwU cwievi Kvbv bv Kvbvfve G`i
wbMni wkKvi nq| hyviKvj cvK nvbv`vi evwnbx I Zv`i G`kxq
`vmi`i viv msMwVZ bwRiwenxb MYnZvi cwZev` cw_exi wewfb `k
kvKevZv cvVvq| Avdv-Gkxq MYmsvi Kvqiv mjb wb`v-cve MnY
Kiv nq| `kx-we`kx megnj _K gvbeZvi `ykgb`i GB `ygi Z` I
wePvii `vwe DV| wZxq wekhyvi bvrmx`i wePvii AwfZvq KD KD
evUv ivmj, Rv cj mv, Av`u gvjiv cgyL wekeiY ewZ`i wbq
AvRvwZK Z` Kwgkb MVbi cve Kib| ^qs kL gywRe ejb :
cvwKvwb mbvevwnbx evsjv`k h wbwePvi MYnZv KiQ, Zvi Abymvb
I evcKZv wbaviYi Rb Avwg RvwZmsNi wbKU GKwU AvRvwZK
UvBeybvj MVbi Ave`b RvbvwQ| ... hviv Abvqfve Avgv`i gvbyl`i
1
giQ, Zv`i AekB wePvi ne|

wk j knx`i iY kvK w`em cvjb (16 Rvbyqvwi 1972)|

knx` eywRxex`i RvZxq exi NvlYv|
1

wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 506-07

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

65

AvIqvgx jxM miKvii bZe` GB fqven nZvKvi Rb `vqx ewiv

Rbfv Kbfbkbi myweav cvIqvi AwaKvi nvwiqQ ejI gZ cKvk Kib|
MYnZv Z` Kwgkb
1 Rvbyqvwi 1972 Avqx ivcwZ mq` bRij Bmjvgi mfvcwZZ AbywZ
gw cwil`i GK eVK nvBKvUi KgiZ ev Aemicv Kvbv wePvicwZ ev
mgchvqi Kvbv gbvbxZ ewi bZZ MYnZv Z` Kwgkb MVbi
wmv nq| Kwgkb cvKevwnbx I Zv`i `vjvj`i viv wZM`i gwLK
I wjwLZ mvvrKvi MnY Ki evcK wicvU ck Kieb ej NvlYv Kiv nq|2
cvwKvwb KvivMvii gZz cKv _K gy nq 10 Rvbyqvwi 1972
^`k cZveZb Ki kL gywRe `ki `vwqZfvi ^n MnY Kib| 29
Rvbyqvwi 1972 MYnZv I mwi q-wZ wbicbi Rb GKwU Z`
KwgwU, 1 gvP hyvcivax`i Aciva Z`i Rb GKwU wekl msv I
wePviKvhi Rb 6 m`mi GKwU KvDwj wbqvM Kiv nq| wK Gme KwgwU,
msv I KvDwj Kvbv cwZe`b ck KiwQj wKbv Ges ck Ki _vKj Zv
cKvk Kiv nqwQj wKbv wKsev Z`vbyhvqx Kvbv eev bqv nqwQj wKbv, Zv
Rvbv hvq wb|
eywRxex-wbab Z_vbymvb KwgwU
Ze 29 wWm^i 1971 eywRxexMY D`vM wbq GKwU eywRxex wbab
Z_vbymvb KwgwU MVb KiwQjb| Rwni ivqnvbi AvnvqKZ KwgwUi Abvb
m`mMY njb GnZkvg nvq`vi Payix, evwivi Avwgi-Dj Bmjvg,
evwivi gI`y` Avng`, GbvqZzjvn Lvb, mq` nvmvb Bgvg I W. wmivRyj
Bmjvg| GB KwgwU, weklZ Gi AvnvqK Rwni ivqnvb eywRxex nZvi gj
inm D`&NvUb AbK`~i GwMq hvb| wK 30 Rvbyqvwi wZwb wbRB
inmRbKfve wgicyi _K wbLuvR3 nq Mj GB D`vM fvUv co Ges
BZvga DviKZ Z_-cgvYvw` KjKvZvi GK mvsevw`K Gm wbq hvb ej
Rvbv hvq|
2
3

gRi (Ae.) iwdKzj Bmjvg wcGmwm, eywRxex nZvKvi bc_, AvMvgx cKvkbx, XvKv,
1992, cv 134
Avyj nKi wZ-mqi eYbv gZ, Rwni ivqnvbK MZ 29 Rvbyqvwi (1971) _K
cvIqv hvQbv| wgicyii Kv_vI Zuvi fvB knx`yjvn& KvqmviK jywKq ivLv nqQ Ges
wZwb Mj Zuvi KvQ wdwiq `Iqv ne, GB gg wenvwiiv ZuvK msev` w`qwQj| wZwb
wKQy mk evOvwj mb I cywjk wbq mLvb wMqwQjb, mB myhvM m`jej Zuvi Dci
Avgb Pvjvbv nq| wZwb Ges ek wKQy evOvwj wbnZ nb| AvRKi (3 deqvwi 1971)
Leii KvMR mB msev` cKvwkZ nqQ| `e : c_g Avjv, 11 RyjvB 2003

33

66

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

1972 Gi RvbyqvwiZ fviZxq mvvwnK w` wbD GR cwKv Rwni ivqnvbi

eivZ w`q Rvbvq :
... Avgv`i aviYv wQj h, `Lj`vi cvwKvwb kvmK`i wbwZ civRq
Dcjw Ki mk Muvov agaRx civ vav nq KvcyilvwPZ nZvKvi
gvag cwZwnsmvew PwiZv_ KiQ| wK ci eySwQ NUbv aygv Zv wQj
bv| GB nZvKvi wkKvi hviv nqQb Zuviv evOvwj eywRxex`i
cwZwbwavbxq Ges mvgvRev`weivax gbvfvei Rb mycvwiwPZ wQjb|
... Giv wbfyjfve evsjv`ki MYZgbv eywRxex`i evQvB Ki AvNvZ
nbQ| G _K GKUv wmvB cuQvbv hvq h, Avje`ii GB
^QvmeKiv Acii BQv KvhKi Kivi evnb wQj gv| wK Kviv GB
Lybx`i cQb wQj?
msMnxZ `wjj I mv cgvYvw` _K Rvbv hvq, k evOvwj mvb`i
nZvi KvR wbqvwRZ A agxq wkvcv v`iK Avje`i evwnbxZ hviv
msMwVZ Ki, Zviv mvgvRev`x kwi mv_ RwoZ|4...

DjL, ivI digvb Avjxi WvqwiZ Haight I Daiespic bvg h `yRb

wmAvBG GRUi bvg cvIqv wMqwQj, Zviv B`vbwkqvZ eywRxex nZvKv
cwiPvjbv KiwQj Ges B`vbkxq miKvi mRb Zv`i AbycwwZZ wePviI
KiwQj|
AvRvwZK gvbevwaKvi Kgx`i cwZwqv
hyew` Ges Zv`i `kxq `vmi`i wePvii mgq Rbfv Kbfbkbi
myweav`vb miKviK cfvevw^Z Kivi Rb AvRvwZK iWm, wekkvw
cwil`, Gvgbw BUvibvkbvj cfw Z gvbevwaKvi msvi cwZwbwa`j
evsjv`k mdi Avmb| `kRyo AmsL eafwgZ AKbxq wbhvZbi wPmn
ARm weKZ gZ`n Ges nvo-Kvji c `L Zviv wZ nq hvb| Zviv
wbRivB G`i wei wez nq IVb| wekkvw cwil` `jbx gv`vg
Bmvejv eyg ejb :
wkqvjevox eafwgZ evOvwj nZvKvi h jvgnlK bksmZvi ^vi
`LwQ-ZvZ Avwg kvKvwffZ I m nq MwQ| GB nZvKv bvrmx
MvmP^vii nZvhi Pq AbK ewk exfrm|5

wdi wMq wZwb cwil`-mfvcwZi KvQ GB MYnZvi Rb AvRvwZK

Z` Kwgkb MVbi `vwe Rvbveb ej Rvbvb| `ji Aci GK m`m ejb :
Avwg hv `L GmwQ Zv wekvm KiZ PvB bv| AvgvK AvRxeb GB wZ gb

4
5

gRi (Ae.) iwdKzj Bmjvg wcGmwm, eywRxex nZvKvi bc_, c~ev, cv 99-100
`wbK AvRv`, 22 Rvbyqvwi 1972| DZ, gRi (Ae.) iwdKzj Bmjvg, eywRxex
nZvKvi bc_, c~ev, cv 134

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

67

_K gyQ djvi Pv KiZ ne|6

gvwKb wmbUi WgvU `jxq m`m GvWjvB wfbmb Kzwgjv I PMvgi

eafwgjv `L Gm ejb :
evsjv`k cvK evwnbxi bksmZv wQj fqven Ges gvbeRvwZi BwZnvm Zvi
Kvbv bwRi bB| GB eeiZv gvbyli KbvKI Qvwoq MQ|7

gvwKb wmbUi Aci m`m GWIqvW KbwW ejb :

gvbyli gw G aibi eeiZvi wPv AvmZ cvi G-K_v fveZI K

8
nq|

KjKvZvi weMW cviW MvD GK wekvj Rbmgvek (6 deqvwi 1972)

kL gywRe ejb :
hviv MYnZv PvwjqQ, Zviv mgM gvbeZvi wei Aciva KiQ, G`i
gv Kij BwZnvm AvgvK gv Kie bv|9

cavbgx wnme kc_ bqvi ci 12 Rvbyqvwi 1972 gywRe ejb :

jvgnlK nZvKvi Kvwnbx Avwg bwQ, Zey evsjvi gvbyl GZ bxP bvge bv
(cwZkvacivqY ne bv), eis hv gvbweK Zv-B Kie| Ze AekB
AvBbvbyhvqx Acivax`i wePvi ne|10

`vjvji msv, `vjvj AvBb I UvBeybvj MVb

24 Rvbyqvwi 1972 `Lj`vi cvK-evwnbxi mnhvMx`i `Z mywePvi Kivi Rb
evsjv`k `vjvj (wekl UvBeybvj) Aav`k 1972 Rvwi Kiv nq| Aav`k
GKRb mkb RR ev AwZwi mkb RRK wbq cqvRbxq msLK UvBeybvj
MVbi weavb ivLv nq| GB UvBeybvjB Kej `vjvj`i wePvi KiZ cvie
ej Aav`k DjL Kiv nq| `ki cPwjZ AvBb Ges wePvicwZ Abymvi
`vjvj AvBb AvUKKZ ewiv Avc mg_bi myhvMjvf Ki| cPwjZ
cbvj KvW Ges gvbeZv, gvbyli Rvb-gvj I mvbnvwbi AcKgi wei
cPwjZ eev Abyhvqx `vjvj`i kvwi weavb ivLv nq| kvwi weavbi ga
wQj bbZg wZb eQi _K wewfb gqv`i mkg Kviv` I gZz`| GB
Aav`k `vjvj`i wbic msv `qv nq :
K. cvwKvwb nvbv`vi evwnbxK evsjv`k Zv`i Aea `Lj wUwKq
ivLvi Rb hviv mvnvh, mnhvwMZv ev mg_b c`vb KiQ|
L. cZ ev civfve hme ew, eweM ev `j `Lj`vi cvK6
7
8
9
10

`wbK AvRv`, 22 Rvbyqvwi 1972

`wbK AvRv`, 31 Rvbyqvwi 1972
`wbK AvRv`, 17 deqvwi 1972
`wbK evsjv, 7 deqvwi 1972
`wbK evsjv, 13 Rvbyqvwi 1972

34

68

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

evwnbxK eMZ mnhvwMZv c`vb KiQ A_ev Kvb ee, Pzw ev

Kvhvewji gvag nvbv`vi evwnbxK mg_b hywMqQ|
M. MYcRvZx evsjv`ki wei hviv hy Kiv ev hyi cPv MnY
KiQ|
N. gywevwnbxi ZrciZvi wei Ges gywKvgx RbMYi KgKvi
wei h me ew KvhKi cwZiva Mo ZzjQ A_ev asmvK
ZrciZvq wj nqQ|
O. cvKevwnbxi MYnZv, Aea `Lji AbyKj Kvbv weewZ c`vb ev
cPviYvq Ask wbqQ Ges nvbv`vi evwnbxi Kvbv cwZwbwa`j ev
KwgwUi m`m nqQ|
P. cvwKvwb nvbv`vi evwnbx AvqvwRZ Z_vKw_Z DcwbevPb hviv
AskMnY KiQ|
D `vjvj Av`ki GLwZqvi Abymvi 29 gvP 1972 wbvwjwLZ wekl
UvBeybvjmgn11 MVb Kiv nq :
XvKv11 wU
dwi`cyi 3wU
Kzwgjv2wU
w`bvRcyi 2wU
cvebv 4wU
evKiM 6wU
gqgbwmsn7wU
PMvg (cveZmn) 6wU
bvqvLvjx 3wU
hkvi 4wU
iscyi 4wU
cUzqvLvjx 2wU
UvvBj 2wU
wmjU 5wU
ivRkvnx 2wU
Kzwqv 2wU
eov 2wU
wwbs I Z_vbymvb KwgwU
17 Ryb 1972 miKvi wwbs KwgwU12 MVb Ki GKwU Av`k Rvwi Ki|
nvBKvUi GKRb RR Gi mfvcwZ I Ab GKRb RR m`m neb| Av`kwUi
`ywU fvM; GKfvM iqQ `ybxwZevR I cvwKvwb gbvfvevcb Awfhy
miKvwi KgiZ PvKzi`i wePvi (Ki wWmwgm) Kivi weavb, AbfvM iqQ
cvwKvwb gvkvj j Av`k PvKzwiPzZ cv_x`i Ave`b cybweePbv Kivi
eev|13
ZrKvjxb ^ivgx Ave`yj gvjK DwKj 20 Gwcj 1973 mwPevjq
AbywZ GK mvsevw`K mjb ejb, Pvjy `vjvwj gvgjv evQvB I Z` Ges
11
12
13

gRi (Ae.) iwdKzj Bmjvg wcGmwm, eywRxex nZvKvi bc_, cv 74

KvRx dRjyi ingvb, Avkv I fM Avkvi w`bwj w`bwjwc : 1972-1975, c_g Avjv, 28
Ryb 2002
KD KD `ywU wwbs evW MVbi K_v DjL KiQb| hv nvK, 3 Ryb 1976 `ywU evW/
fvMK GKxfZ Kiv nq|

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

69

ev` `qv gvgjv cybivq chvjvPbv Kivi Rb 60wU Rjv (gnKzgvK Rjv MY
Ki) wwbs evW MwVZ ne|14 WcywU Kwgkbvi Gi AvnvqK Ges cywjk mycvi,
miKvwi DwKj I vbxq mvsm` m`m neb| cv_wgK chvq Z` I wicvU
cki Rb gnKzgv nvwKgK AvnvqK I vbxq mvsm`, Iwm, Ges GKRb
MYcwZwbwa wbq cwZwU _vbvq Z_vbymvb KwgwU MVb Kiv ne| GB wwbs evW
I Z_vbymvb KwgwU klch MwVZ nqwQj wK bv ev MwVZ nq _vKj
KZ`i Kvh mv`b KiwQj Zvi Kvbv weeiY Rvbv hvq wb|
MdZvi I wePvi cwqv i
XvKv 16 wWm^i 1971 kgy njI wWm^ii c_g mvn _KB `ki
wewfb Aj gy nIqv i nq Ges mB mv_ gyvj `vjvj`i AvUK Kiv
i nq| Gwcji (1973) gvSvgvwS mgq ^ivgxi eivZ Rvbv hvq,
mviv`k `vjvwji 12 nvRvi gvgjvi ga 6 nvRvi gvgjvi PvRwkU `qv nq|
GB 6 nvRvi gvgjvq Awfhy 29 nvRvi `vjvji ga 31 gvP 1973 ch
AvUK Kiv nqQ 10,440 Rb| GQvov hv`i wei gvgjvi Z` PjQ
Ggb AvUK ewi msLv 5,269 Rb| G ch wekl Av`vjZ 592 wU
gvgjvi wePvi nqQ hvi ga 313wUZ mvRv nqQ Ges evwK 279wUZ
Awfhyiv Qvov cqQ|15 A_vr cvq AaK (47.13% fvM) gvgjvq Awfhyiv
Qvov cq hvwQj| GB wecyjmsLK Awfhyi Qvov cvIqv Ges wePvi wejw^Z
nIqvi KviY mK ZrKvjxb ^ivgx Ave`yj gvjK DwKj ejb :
gvgjvi wePvi-Abyvbi Rb gvwRUi Afve iqQ| G Qvov AbK
mvw cgvY hvMvo KiZI mgq jvM| mRb miKvi mP|
16
KvDKB AKviY mvRv `qv ne bv|

c_gw`K MdZviKZ KwZcq `vjvj17

1. gjfx dwi` Avng`, bRvg Bmjvg|
2. Wv. G Gg gvwjK, Zuve`vi Mfbi|
3. W. nvmvb Rvgvb, wkK, XvKv wekwe`vjq|
4. Lvb G meyi, gymwjgjxM I Kw`q gx|
14
15
16
17

`wbK evsjv, 21 Gwcj 1973 DZ : nvwjg `v` Lvb, gywhy I Mvjvg Avhg, cKvkK
nvwjgyjvn Li, XvKv cKvkbx, XvKv, 1992 cv 56
`wbK evsjv 21 Gwcj 1973
`wbK evsjv, 21 Gwcj 1973| DjL, KvDK AKviY mvRv bv `qvi Dk 19
bf^i 1972 hyew``i cwievii emvgwiK m`m`i gyw`vbi wmv bqv nq
`wbK evsjv 5.7. I 13-15 Rvbyqvwi 1982 Ges gynv` nvweeyi ingvb, evsjv`ki
ZvwiL, gvIjv ev`vm, XvKv, 1998, cv 53,56

35

70

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

5. ivwk`yj nvmvb, WcywU Kwgkbvi, Lyjbv|

6. gvIjvbv gv. gvmyg, wcwWwe I m`m, K`xq kvw KwgwU, XvKv|
7. Wv. Avyi ingvb, RvgvqvZ Bmjvgx, evMvevox, dwi`cyi|
8. gvnv` Avjx, BDwc m`m, Rq`ecyi (MvRxcyi), XvKv|
9. Av. nvwKg gvjv, wm.AvB. gviv|
10. G Gd Gg kvwdDvgvb Lvb, mveK Mfbi gvbvqg Lvbi cy|
11. G K Gg LvjKzvgvb Lvb, H|
12. KvRx Avbvqvi nvmb, Iwm. gviv _vbv|
13. AavcK Ave`ym mvvi, RvgvqvZ Bmjvgx, kicyi|
14. Zmwjg Dwb Avng`, GmwWI, VvKziMuvI|
15. Ave`yj Iqvnve DwKj, wcwWwe mUvwi, bvqvLvjx|
16. Gm Gg mvjvqgvb, wmwbqvi cvmvbj Awdmvi, PMvg ijIq|
17. AavcK Ave`yj gvbvb Payix, ivR` KjR, dwi`cyi|
18. L`Kvi Ave`yj evix, GmAvB, cywjk, evKiM|
19. mq` BKevj Avng`, mnKvix AvwjK cwiPvjK, XvKv iwWI|
20. G Avi Gg dRjyi ingvb, WcywU mUvwi, wmwfj Gdqvm, eo
gMevRvi, XvKv|
21. Mvjvg ivevbx Lvb, AvwjK cwiPvjK, ivRkvnx eZvi|
22. Avey kvnv`vZ, AvwjK cwiPvjK, XvKv eZvi|
23. gyRvddi Bmjvg, Iwm, Rq`ecyi, MvRxcyi|
24. G Gm Gg wiRfx, mveK Iwm KvZvqvwj, gqgbwmsn|
25. nvwdRyj Bmjvg, wWwRGg, Bvb gvKUvBj evsK, XvKv|
26. bi nvmb, cywjk Bbmci|
27. Avjx nvq`vi gvjv, cywjk Bci, wekl ev|
28. W. gvni Avjx, ixWvi, BwZnvm wefvM, XvKv wekwe`vjq|
29. gbmyi ingvb ZvjyK`vi, gvbvqg Lvbi fvM ej cwiwPZ|
30. LvRv Lqiwb, gymwjg jxM, Avnmvb gwj, XvKv|
31. kwdKzi ingvb|
54 `vjvji mw vK I Zv`iK nvwRi nIqvi wb`k
17 Rvbyqvwi 1972 GK NvlYvq ejv nq, evsjv`k miKvi eAvBwb NvwlZ
RvgvqvZ Bmjvgxi GKKvjxb Avgxi gvIjvbv Avyi inxg, Kbfbkb gymwjg
jxMi mfvcwZ kvgmyj `v, AvBqyex Avgji RvZxq cwil`i WcywU wKvi I
Kbfbkb gymwjg jxMi GwUGg G gwZb, wcwWwci GWfvKU RyjgZ Avjxmn
54 Rb ewi bvg ev ebvgxZ vei mw vK KiQ| G`i mevBK 29

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

71

36

72

deqvwii ga wbR wbR GjvKvi gvwRUi KvQ nvwRi nZ ejv nqQ|

evsjv`k `vjvj (wekl UvBeybvj) Av`ki 17/1 aviv ej GB wb`k Rvwii
eev MnY Kiv nq|18
gywhy AskMnY bv-Kiv, kLjv f I `ybxwZi AwfhvM 23 gvP 16
Rb I 7 Gwcj 7 Rb Gg.wm.G.K AvIqvgx jxM _K ewnvi Kiv nq| 28
gvP cywjk WvBiiUi GK Z_weeiYxZ19 ejv nq, evsjv`k eywRxex
nZvKvK K` Ki G-ch 42wU gvgjv iRy Kiv nqQ| Mvq`v wefvMi
wWAvBwRi Aaxb Mvq`v Awdmvi`i GKwU `j GB gvgjv cwiPvjbv KiQ|
Avmvwg wnme G-ch 50 ewK MdZvi Kiv nqQ| wePvi KvR
mnvqZv Kivi Rb miKvi (12 Gwcj) GWfvKU Gm.Avi cvj I wmivRyj
nKK miKvwi DwKj wbqvM KiQ|
15 Rb `vjvjK divi NvlYv I Zv`i mw vK
9 deqvwi 1972 GK miKvwi NvlYvq Aaybvjy KwZcq ivRbwZK `ji 15
Rb bZvK divi NvlYv Ki Zv`iK 22 deqvwii ga ^^ GjvKvi
gnKzgv gvwRUi wbKU nvwRi nIqvi wb`k `qv nq| NvlYvq Aviv ejv
nq, Gme ew`i bvgi I ebvgx vei welq-mw vK Kiv nqQ|
divi NvwlZiv njb :
1. bij Avgxb, wcZv Rwniwb, AvKzqv gv`vmv KvqvUvm, gqgbwmsn/ 20
BvUb ivW, igbv, XvKv|
2. nvwg`yj nK Payix, wcZv Avvm Avjx Payix, ivgbMi, dbx/wbivjv
MvWb, wMb ivW, XvKv|
3. Lvb G meyi, wcZv bRgyj Lvb, mq` gnjv, dwKi nvU, Lyjbv/ cU #
28/1, ivW # 25, avbgw Av/G, XvKv|
4. gvngy` Avjx, wcZv gyRvwn` Avjx, AvwjgvevM, mybvgM/ evwo # 180,
ivW # 19 avbgw, XvKv|
5. Iqvwn`yvgvb (Vvv wgqv), wcZv Ave`yj Kv`i| MvcvjM/10/1
Uqbex mvKzjvi ivW, XvKv|20
6. LvRv Lqiwb, wcZv LvRv AvjvDwb, Avnmvb gwj, KvZvqvwj,
18
19
20

`wbK evsjv, 18 deqvwi, 1972

DZ : gRi (Ae.) iwdKzj Bmjvg wcGmwm, eywRxex nZvKvi bc_, c~ev, cv 101
Iqvwn`yvgvb I KvRx Kv`i 1970-Gi wbevPbi cvvj AvIqvgx jxM bZviv wRZZ
cvij nvZi Kw _K KbyB ch Pzwo ci eovbv I wbRiv ^ ^ Avmb civwRZ
nj ivRbxwZ Qo `qvi NvlYv w`qwQjb| (`wbK cvwKvb, 29 AvM, 1970|)
wbevPb Dfqi RvgvbZ evRqv nqwQj| wK Gme wbj gymwjg jxMviiv ivRbxwZ bv
Qo eis `vjvwjZ wj nq

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

XvKv|
7. KvRx Ave`yj Kv`i, wcZv KvRx Ave`Dwb Avng`, mvqvjgwb,
RjXvKv, iscyi/8 jkvb, XvKv|
8. ivRv ww`e ivq, wcZv gxbv ivq, ivRevox, ivvgvwU|
9. AavcK G K Gg kvgmyj nK|
10. gvnv` Ievq`yjv gRyg`vi|
11. AvDsc, wcZv mBAvDsc, ev`ievb|
12. AavcK Mvjvg Avhg, wcZv gvIjvbv Mvjvg wKewiqv, exibMi,
bexbMi, evYevwoqv/ 38 GwjdU ivW, igbv XvKv|
13. kvn AvwRRyi ingvb, wcZv kvn gvnv` wmwK| _vbvcvov,
KvZvqvjx, Kzwqv/22 BvUb, XvKv|
14. G wKD Gg kwdKzj Bmjvg, Kzwgjv|
15. G Revi Li, wcZv Avyj nvwg` PwK`vi| MYK, mvbvMvRx,
dbx|21
DPc` `vjvj KgKZv eiLv
gywmsMvg PjvKvj cvwKvb miKviK mnhvwMZv I evsjv`ki cwZ wei
gbvfvei welq weePbv Ki 5 Ryb 1972 wbv 4 Rb iv`Z, GKRb
wgwbvi (KUbxwZK) mn DPc` 8 Rb KgKZvK eiLv Kiv nq :
1. Gg gvgy`
2. KvgvjDwb Avng`
3. Gg gvZvnvi nvmb
4. mwjgyvgvb
5. AvRnvij Avbvqvi Payix
6. Zvdvqj Kwig nvq`vi
7. bvmi Avng`
8. gyi Avng` Payix 22
c_g gZz`cv ivRvKvi : wPKb Avjx
Kzwqvi `vqiv RR I wekl UvBeybvji m`m kx Avi K wekvm MZ
enwZevi (8 Ryb 1972) ivRvKvi wPKb AvjxK `vlx mve Ki gZz`
c`vb KiQb| evsjv`k `wewai 302 aviv Ges 1972 mvji evsjv`k
21
22

`wbK evsjv, 10 deqvwi 1972

`wbK evsjv, 6 Ryb 1972| ci 3 Rvbyqvwi 1973 cvwKvbcw AviI 4 Rb wmGmwcmn
9 Rb c` KgKZvK AcmviY Kiv nq

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

73

37

74

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

`vjvj (wekl UvBeybvj) Av`ki 11 (K) aviv ej wPKb AvjxK `vlx

mve Kiv nq| `vjvj AvBbi Aaxb GB c_g GKRbK gZz` c`vb Kiv
nj|23 cieZxZ nvBKvU Avcxj Ki wPKb Avjx 8 eQi 4 gvm Rj LU
gywjvf Ki|24 eZgvb m GKRb wiKkvPvjK| vbxq kvwKwgwUi
Pqvigvb Kvievbi K_vq ivRvKvi nIqv Ges gqgvbyli cwZ Kz`w `Iqv
I RbK wiqvRDwbK Lyb Kiv fzj nqQ gb Ki m GLb AbyZ|

msv GKwU ^vinxb bvwUk; Aci cvZvq igbv, ZRMuvI, m~vcyi, avbgw
_vbvi weMwWqvi`i bvg cvIqv hvq| Gme mvgwiK Awdmviiv eywRxex AcniY
I nZvi mv_ RwoZ wQj|
MdZvii ci LvjK gRyg`vii ^viKZ I ckKZ GK weewZZ
eywRxex nZvKvi mv_ RwoZ AviI 9 Rbi bvg cvIqv wMqwQj| G`i
AbKB mycwiwPZ26 nIqvq msev`cjv bvg cKvk weiZ _vK|27

WcywU wKvi AvmMi nvmb mn KqKRbi Kviv`

29 Ryb 1972 `vjvwji AwfhvM mveK ce-cvwKvbi WcywU wKvi I
nvbv`vi evwnbx AvqvwRZ DcwbevPb AskMnYKvix AvmMi nvmbi 8 eQii
mkg Kviv` I 10,000.00 UvKv Rwigvbv Kiv nq| 5 RyjvB cvK `Lj`vi
Avgj DcwbevPb AskMnYi `vq cv`wkK wcwWwc mn-mfvcwZ bij Bmjvg
Payixi 2 gvmi mkg Kviv` I 2,000.00 UvKv Rwigvbv, Abv`vq AviI
GKgvm Kviv` `qv nq|
7 RyjvB `wbK evsjv m Rvbv hvq, cvwKvwb `Lj`vi evwnbxi mv_
nZvh, webv`vl AvUK Kiv cfwZ KvR mnhvwMZv Kivi `vq Kbfbkb
gymwjg jxMi mfvcwZ dRjyj Kv`i (dKv) Payixi wei `vjvj Av`k ej
PvRwkU `vwLj Kiv nq| Zvi 21 Rb mnKgx GLbI AvMvcb Ki iqQb|
ci 18 RyjvB 1973 KvivMvi wePvivaxb ew` _vKv Aevq Zvi gZz nq|

W. AvRv` nvi gZz`

15 wWm^i 1971 mKvj mvo 8 Uvq XvKv DPZi wevb I KvwiMwi cwkY
K`i AavcK Wi Gg.G.K. AvRv`K `yZKvixiv AcniY Ki| 17
wWm^i 1971 ivqi evRvi Wvev _K wgevwnbxi mnvqZvq Zuvi gZ`n Dvi
Kiv nq| Zuvi eyK, gv_vq I kixii Abvb vb wj I eqbUi LuvPvi wP
wQj|
5 Avei 1972 XvKvi c_g AwZwi `vqiv RR I wekl UvBeybvji
m`m mq` wmivRywb Avng` Akvi cwZ W. AvRv`K nZvi `vq
Awfhy gKeyj, AvBqye Avjx I RyevqiK `vlx mve Ki gZz`v`k
`b|28 Avmvgx Ryevqi Iid Avng`Djvn& AvwRgcyi kvn mvne evwoi RbK
kvn IqvwjDjvni cy Ges Aci `yRb gqgbwmsni jvK ej Rvbv hvq|

knx`yjvn Kvqmvi nviKi 7 eQii Kviv`

17 RyjvB 1972 XvKvi cg kvj UvBeyvbvj cvK-`Lj`vi evwnbxi `vmi
Avje`i evwnbx KZK eywRxex-wbab gvgjvq cLvZ mvwnwZK I mvsevw`K
knx`yjvn& Kvqmvi nZv gvgjvi ivq c`vb Ki eAvBwb RvgvqvZ Bmjvgxi
eZbfzK `dZi mv`K G we Gg Ave`yj LvjK gRyg`viK `vlx mve
Ki 7 eQi mkg Kviv` I 10,000.00 UvKv Rwigvbv, Abv`vq AviI 1 eQi
mkg Kviv` `vb Kib| XvKvi cg wekl UvBeybvji m`m RR Gd ingvb
Zuvi ivq ejb : Avmvgx nZv Kivi Awfcvq knx`yjvn KvqmviK AcniY
Ki|25
LvjKK MdZvii mgq Zvi evwoZ Zjvwk Pvwjq 1wU wcj, 40
ivD wj, e`ievwnbxi Uwbs msv KvMR, eywRxex`i nZvi evcvi
RvgvqvZi mekl mvKzjvi, mvgwiK ew`i bvgi ZvwjKvmn AbKjv Qwe
I Abvb KvMRc cvIqv hvq| G Qvov Zvi Wvqwii cvZvq Kvdz Rvwi Kiv

Zuve`vi Mfbi gvwjKi hvexeb Kviv`

19 bf^i 1972 XvKvi 1bs wekl UvBeybvji gvbbxq wePviK Ave`yj nvbvb
Payix ce-cvwKvbi kl Mfbi Wv. Av`g gvvwje gvwjKK ^vaxb
mvefg evsjv`ki wei hy NvlYv, MYnZv, bvix wbhvZb, Mn`vn,
jyUZivR Pvjvbv Ges evsjv`ki gywmsMvg evbPvj Ki `qvi evcvi
`Lj`vi cvwKvwb mk evwnbxi mv_ mivmwi mnhvwMZv Kivi `vq Awfhy
Ki evsjv`k `wewai 121 aviv gZ hvexeb Kviv` `wZ Kib| Zvi 70
eQii evaK Ges AZxZ ivRbwZK I mvgvwRK KvhKjvc weePbv Ki GB
`v`k `qv nq ej ivq DjL Kiv nq| gvgjvq miKvic wQjb gmvm
wmivRyj nK, Lv`Kvi gvneye nvmb I Avyi ivvK Ges weev`x c wQjb

23
24
25

`wbK evsjv, 11 Ryb 1972

mB ivRvKvi, RbK cKvkbx, XvKv, 2001, cv 9
`wbK evsjv, 18 RyjvB, 1972

26
27

28

gRi (Ae.) iwdKzj Bmjvg wcGmwm, eywRxex nZvKvi bc_, c~ev, cv 97

30 AvM 1972 KzLvZ gvbvqg Lvbi `ycy kvwdDvgvb I LvjKzvgvbi Rvwgbi
Ave`b bvgyi Kiv nq| 27 m^i 1972 gywhy weivax kvwKwgwUi m`m I
Kgx`i MdZvii wb`k `qv nq| 2 Avei 1972 ch 275 Rb cywjkmn 41
nvRvi `vjvj MdZvii msev` cvIqv hvq
`wbK BdvK, 6 Avei 1972| BdvKi mKj DwZi mvay fvlvK PjwZ ic
icvi Kiv nqQ

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

75

gmvm AvZvDi ingvb Lvb, Lvb evnv`yi bvwRiDwb Avng`, AvgRv` Avjx,
gbmyii ingvb, nvweeyi ingvb I KvRx kvnv`vZ nvmb|29
vbcvcx W. mvv` nvmbi wei PvRwkU `vwLj
gywhyi ii w`K W. mvv` nvmb wQjb ivRkvnx wekwe`vjqi DcvPvh|
ci Mfbi wUv Lvb ZvK XvKv wekwe`vjqi DcvPvh Ges c`ki
wekwe`vjq wkv-msvi KwgwUi Pqvigvb wbhy Ki|
ivRkvnx wekwe`vjq30 _vKvKvj wZwb ivRkvnx wekwe`vjqi
^vaxbZvKvgx 30 Rb wkK I 2 Rb Awdmvii GKwU ZvwjKv Zwi Ki
mvgwiK nWKvqvUvi `vwLj Kib| ZvwjKvq AavcK`i 4wU kYxZ wef
Ki 4-aibi kvw hgb : 1. nZv 2. Kviv` 3. PvKwi _K ewnvi I 4.
ai wbq wMq cnvii mycvwik31 Kiv nq| Gme AavcK`i AbKB Avje`i
evwnbxi nvZ wbnZ ev wbhvwZZ nb| ^vaxbZvi ci mvv` nvmb KZK
cZKZ GB ZvwjKv ivRkvnx wekwe`vjqi eywRxex nZvKv Z_vbymvb
KwgwUi nMZ nq|
eei cvKevwnbxi Acvikb mvPjvBUi (25 gvP 1971 ivZ) dj XvKv
wekwe`vjq e nq hvq| GKchvq mvgwiK KZci ^vfvweK Aev
c`kbi D`vM W. mvv` nvmb wbRK wbe`b Kib| Zvi mgqB XvKv
wekwe`vjqi `vjvj wkKiv ^vaxbZvweivax fwgKvq wekl Zrci nq| 5
bf^i 1972 UvBeybvj Zvi wei PvRwkU `vwLj Kiv nq| wK wePviKvh
mb nIqvi ceB mvaviY gvq gyw cq wZwb mw` Avie Pj hvb Ges
mLvb wKs Avyj AvwRR wekwe`vjq wkK wbhy nb|
`vjvj gx RwmgDwbi hvexeb
25 bf^i 1972 XvKvi 2bs wekl UvBeybvji wePviK mq` wmivRDwb
Avng` gvwjK-gwmfvi AvBb I cvjvgU `dZii gx RwmgDwb Avng`K
hvexeb Kviv` `wZ Kib| Awfhy Avmvwg BQvKZfve gwmfvq hvM`vb
Ki `Lj`vi evwnbxK mvnvh Kib I bvbv vb mfv-mwgwZ Ki evsjv`k
miKvii wei Amvl I NYv mvi Kib| wZwb gwmfvi eVK Ki
evsjv`k-mg_K wekwe`vjq-wkK`i wei kvwgjK eev MnY Kivi
Rb cwiKbv MnY Kib Ges ivRvKvi`i msLv 10 j DbxZ Kivi
wmv bb| wZwb GKRb cexb AvBbRxex I eKvj wmjU Rjv AvIqvgx
29
30
31

`wbK BdvK, 20 bf^i 1972

2 Ryb 1971 ivRkvnx wekwe`vjqi 83 Rb wkK cvwKvwb mbvevwnbxi AvPiYi
cksmv Ki GKwU hy weewZ c`vb Ki
gRi (Ae.) iwdKzj Bmjvg wcGmwm, eywRxex nZvKvi bc_, c~ev, cv 86

38

76

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

jxMi mfvcwZ wQjb| AZxZ ivRbwZK KvhKjvci w`K j iL Zvi

Rxebiv cqvRb weavq ZvK gZz` bv w`q hvexeb Kviv` `qv nq ej
ivq DjL Kiv nq|32
iRvKvi evwnbxi RbK gvIjvbv BDmydi hvexeb
15 wWm^i 1972 XvKvi 3 b^i kvj RR wg. Gm.we. eo~qv eAvBwb NvwlZ
RvgqvZ Bmjvgx bZv (cv`wkK mnKvix Avgxi) Wv. gvwjK gwcwil`i
ivR^gx gvIjvbv G K Gg BDmydK `Lj`vi evwnbxi mv_ mnhvwMZvi `vq
hvexeb Kviv` `wZ Kib| Zvi wei AvbxZ AwfhvM ejv nq, Avmvgx
1971 mvj Z_vKw_Z DcwbevPb AskMnY Ki `Lj`vi evwnbxi `vjvwj
Kib| Bqvwnqvi cyZzj miKviK evsjv`k wUwKq ivLvi Rb wZwb bvbv vb
mfv Ki gywevwnbx I fviZxq AbycekKvix`i LZg Ki cvKevwnbx,
iRvKvi I e`i evwnbxK mnhvwMZv Kivi Rb RbMYK Avnevb Rvbvb|33
DjL, wZwbB Lyjbvq Lvb Rvnvb Avjx ivWi Avbmvi Kv 96 Rb RvgvqvZ
Kgx wbq 1971 -Gi g gvm c_g iRvKvi evwnbx Mo Zzjb|
`vjvj gx mvjvqgvb, BmnvK, Ievq`yjvn Ms-Gi hvexeb
6 Rvbyqvwi 1973 mvsevw`K bvRgyj nKK AcniYi AwfhvM RbK LwjjK
hvexeb Kviv` `qv nq| 10 deqvwi gvwjK gwmfvi mgvRKjvY I
cwievi cwiKbv gx, KlK kwgK cvwUi bZv G Gm Gg mvjvqgvb Ges
vbxq miKvi gx bRvg Bmjvg bZv gvIjvbv gvnv` BmnvKK hvexeb
Kviv` `qv nq| 24 Gwcj gvwjK gwmfvi ^v I Z_gx (AvIqvgx jxM
QyU) Ievq`yjvn& gRyg`viK hvexeb Kviv` `wZ Kiv nq| 29 Ryb mvsevw`K
wmivRywb nvmbi AcniY gvgjvq RbK ivRvKvi LwjjK hvexeb Kviv`
`qv nq| 30 Ryb AavcK gybxi Payix nv `yRbK hvexeb Kviv` `qv
nq| 4 RyjvB mvsevw`K wbRvgywbK AcniYKvix `yRbK hvexeb Kviv`
`qv nq| 31 AvM 1973 RbK ivRvKvi gybv wekl UvBeybvj gZz` `wZ
nq|
43 `vjvji bvMwiKZ evwZj
15 wWm^i 1972 evsjv`k bvMwiKZ AvBb Rvwi Kiv nq Ges ci Gi weavb
ej ekwKQy `vjvji bvMwiKZ evwZj Kiv nq| G cm GK wewZ ejv

32
33

`wbK BdvK, 26 bf^i 1972

`wbK BdvK, 5 Avei I 16 wWm^i 1972

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

77

nq, miKvi 39 ewK evsjv`k AbvKvwZ34 NvlYv KiQb| Giv

evsjv`ki bvMwiKZ cve bv| KviY wnme ejv nq, Gme ew evsjv`ki
gywi AvM _K we`k Aevb KiwQjb| wZxqZ G`i AvPiYI
evsjv`ki bvMwiKZ jvfi Dchy ej weewPZ nZ cvi bv Ges ZZxqZ
Giv cvwKvbB Aevb KiQb| `yw`b ci bvMwiKZ evwZji ZvwjKvq AviI
4 Rbi bvg hy nq| bvMwiKZ nvivbv `vjvjiv njb :
1. Rbve bij Avgxb
2. Rbve nvwg`yj nK Payix
3. Rbve gvngy` Avjx
4. Rbve Iqvwn`yvgvb
5. KvRx Ave`yj Kv`i
6. gvIjvbv Ave`yi inxg
7. Rbve G wKD Gg kwdKzj Bmjvg
8. AavcK Mvjvg Avhg
9. Rbve GwU mv`x
10. evwivi Kvievb Avjx
11. AavcK BDmyd Avjx
12. Rbve Avey Zvni Ave`yjvn
13. Rbve kvnRvnvb (dRj ie) Payix
14. Rbve RyjgZ Avjx Lvb
15. AavcK Avyj LvjK
16. AavcK Avyj nvwKg
17. gvIjvbv dRjyi ingvb
18. AavcK kL Avbmvi
19. AavcK gvjv nvibi iwk`
20. Rbve Ave`yj Revi Li
21. Rbve Gb G ji
22. GWfvKU kvgmyi ingvb
23. Rbve kvgmywb Avng`
24. mq` AvmMi nvmb RvB`x
25. Rbve Gg G Kzi
26. gvIjvbv Ave`yj nK
34

gj msweavb ag wbq ivRbxwZ Kiv iwnZ Kiv nq (12 AbyQ`) Ges `vjvj`i
fvUvwaKvi I msm` wbevPb cv_x nIqvi AwaKvi evwZj Kiv nq (66 AbyQ`)| ci 15
RyjvB 1973 RvZxq msm` MnxZ msweavbi c_g mskvabxZ hv`i 47
AbyQ`i (3) `dv chvR Zv`i 31,35 I 44 AbyQ` AchvR Kiv nq Ges
Zviv AvUKv`k Pvj Ki Av`vjZi Avkq MnY KiZ cviebv ejv nq

39

78

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.

gvIjvbv Avkivd Avjx

mq` Kvgvj nvmb wiRfx
Rbve Mvjvg Iqvn` Payix
Rbve BKevj Bw`m
W. mq`v dvZgv mv`K
Rbve Avevm Avjx
eMg mvgxg nvmb
gvIjvbv ZwgRywb Avng`
Rbve gvqyb Lvb cwb
Rbve kwdDjvn weGwewU
Rbve gwnDwb Payix
Rbve mvq`yj nK
gRi ivRv ww`e (ivq) Payix
gvI. G GBP gv. gvmjg (Lyjbv)
Rbve bvwmg Avng` Imgvbx (iscyi)
mq` m`ij nvmb wiRfx (XvKv)
W. ikx`yvgvb (XvKv wekwe`vjq)35

KqKRb fvMevb `vjvj

meyi Lvb

9 deqvwi 1972 h KqKRb ivRbwZK bZvK divi NvlYv Ki 22

deqvwii ga ^^ gnKzgv gvwRUi wbKU nvwRi nIqvi wb`k `qv nq
Ges GKB mv_ hv`i bvg-ebvgx mw vK Kiv nq, Lvb G meyi Lvb
G`i AbZg| wZwb wQjb KvBqygcx gymwjg jxMi mvaviY mv`K|
AvBqye-hyM hvMvhvM gx _vKvKvj Zuvi wei nvRviv AwfhvM wQj|
gywhyi mgq Lyjbvmn evsjv`ki wewfb GjvKvq nvRvi nvRvi evOvwjK
nZv Kivi evcvi ewMZfve cwiKbv Kivi `vq wZwb Awfhy| XvKvi
cZb nIqvi AvMi w`bI cvwKvwb eZvi _K wZwb gywhyi weivwaZv
Ki MjvevwR KiQb| ^vaxbZvi ci RbZv ZvK nZv Kivi Rb LuyR
eovwQj| 22 deqvwi wZwb XvKvq MdZvi nb (gZvi _vbvq AvgcY
Ki cvY wfv Pvb)|
1973 mvji Avei gvm `vjvj AvBb wePvivaxb Aevq Rj _vKvi
mgq wZwb Amy nq cob| Zvi AbZg ez `wbK Rbc`i eevcbv
cwiPvjK nvweeywb Avng` KZK Abyi nq mvsevw`K Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix
gywRei wbKU meyi LvbK wPwKrmvi Rb nvmcvZvj vbvii Abyiva
35

`wbK evsjv, 22 I 25 Gwcj, 1973

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

79

Rvbvb| cve b gywRe wewZ nb Ges Rvbvb h, cywjk wicvU Abyhvqx

Zvi AmyZv Zgb iZi bq| AmyZvi evnvbv Ki wZwb evBi Gm
ivRbwZK hvMvhvM cybtcwZv KiZ Pvb|
mw`b mnvbyfwZi ^i gywRe Mvddvi PayixK ejb :
wekvm Kiv G`i Avwg Qo w`Z PvB| Avgvi wekvm, fzj aviYvi ekeZx
nq Giv `ki wei hv KiQb, ZvZ Giv wbRivI AbyZ| ZvQvov
G`i eqm nqQ| ivRbwZK Svgjvq bZzbfve Rovbvi BQ G`i
AbKiB bB| RbmvaviYi NYv Avi va G`i Rxeb Awfk Ki
36
ZzjQ| Kx ne G`i Aviv Rj LvwUq?

gywRe ZLbB cqvRbxq eev MnY Kivi Rb dvb ^ivgxK wb`k

`b|37 wK meyi Lvbiv gZ gywRei jvki Ici w`q Avevi ivRbwZK g
AvwefZ nqQb| Rxeb ^vfvweK c_ Giv Kvbvw`b ivRbxwZ Kibwb| G`i
hvZvqvZ mKj mgq Pvi ivRbxwZi cQbi AKvi Mwjc_ w`q|
gvngy` Avjx
^vaxbZvi ci NvwlZ divi`i AbZg gvngy` Avjx| cvKevwnbxi
AvmgcYi wKQyKvj AvM wZwb cvwKvb Avkq bb Ges `vjvwji
cyivi^ic GKwU iZnxb gxi c` Avmxb nb| Abvb divi`i gZv Zvi
mw vK Kiv nq Ges ZvK AvmcYi Avnvb Rvbvbv nq|
ivRbxwZZ wZwb wPiKvjB gywRe-weivax Ges gZvjvfx| ewMZ ^v_ I
myweavi Rb MYZx `j, bvc, wcwWwc cfwZ e `j wZwb hvM w`qQb Ges
QoQb| 1971 mvj evsjv`k Ryo hLb eei MYnZv PjQ, ZLb gvngy`
Avjx wQjb cvwKvwb`i mePvBZ eo `vmi| Zvi GK gq ZrKvjxb
iwWI cvwKvbi XvKv K` _K h Akvjxb fvlvq ^vaxbZvi msMvg Ges
gywRe-weivax cPviYv PvwjqQ, Zv wbRi Kvb bv bj wekvm Kiv KwVb|
evsjv`k eei MYnZv mK RvwZmsN gywRebMi miKvii cwZwbwaiv
AwfhvM Dvcbi Pv Kvj Bqvwnqv miKvii cwZwbwa gvngy` Avjx (cwZwbwa
`ji wZwb wQjb bZv Ges kvn AvwRRyi ingvb DcbZv, `yRbB evOvwj!)
cmwU hvZ bv DV Zb AvcvY Pv Pvjvb|
wZwb `k Qo cvjvjI Zvi x-cy-Kbv ZLbI XvKvq| AbKB Avkv
36
37

Ave`yj Mvd&dvi Payix, BwZnvmi i cjvk, eez wkx Mvx, XvKv, 1974, cv 8283
W. gvnv` nvbbvb evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm eezi mgqKvj, cv 91-G
DjL KiQb, meyi Lvb Rj _K gywReK wjwLZ GK wPwVZ gv cv_bv Kib Ges
fwelZ Avi ivRbxwZ Kieb bv ej cwZkwZ `b

40

80

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

KiwQjb, vav RbZvi nvZ Zviv jvwZ neb A_ev Zvi KbviwUK
KvjveiUi wnme Rj cvVvbv ne| wK gywRe `k wdi wKQyB nZ `b
wb | Dci cywjkK gvngy` Avjxi cwievii KVvi wbivcvi eev Kivi
Rb Av`k `b Ges Mvcb `kZvMi Rb wek nvRvi UvKv I cvmcvU `b
| Zvici mKji AMvPi cywjkevwnbxi wekl wbivcv eevq Zviv evsjv`k
ZvM Ki cvwKvb wMq gvngy` Avjxi mv_ wgwjZ nb| welqwU RvbvRvwb
nj AvIqvgx jxM bZv I gywhvv`i AbKB vf cKvk Kib| gywRe
Zv`i kvK ejjb :
gvngy` AvjxK nvZ cj nqZv wePvi KiZvg| wK Zvi Qjgq ev xi
Kvbv wZ nvK Zv Avwg PvB bv|38

x QjgqK AvUK Ki wZwb gvngy` AvjxK wkv w`Z Pvbwb| A_P

mB gvngy` Avjx gywRe-nZvi ciB jb wMq mLvb _K gvkZvKi mv_
hvMvhvM Ki evsjv`ki AwZ wejxb Ki, cvwKvbi cybtGKxKiY,
evsjv`k Avi cvwKvbK GK bvg GK cZvKvZj vZZi eb Ave
KiY, KbdWvikb MVb cfwZ KvcvwjK Pv Pvjvb|39
kvn AvwRR
gywhy PjvKvj nvbv`vi`i wei gywRebMi miKvi KZK Dvcbq MYnZv
mwKZ AwfhvMi weivwaZv Kivi Rb cvwKvwb cwZwbwa `ji DcbZv
wnme kvn AvwRRyi ingvb RvwZmsN wMqwQjb (`jbZv wQjb gvngy`
Avjx)| ^vaxbZvi ci `vjvwji AwfhvM wZwb MdZvi nb|
eMg AvwRRyi ingvb ^vgxi gywi Rb gywReK Abyiva Kij wZwb AvBb
Zvi wbR^ MwZZ Pje ejjI gvgjv kl bv-nIqv ch Zvi cwievii
fiYcvlYi Rb cavbgxi wekl Znwej _K cwZgvm 500.00 UvKv
`qvi wb`k `b|40
ivwRqv dqR
wgmm ivwRqv dqR GKRb AbZgv gymwjg jxM bx| gywhy PjvKvj wZwb
we`k wMq evsjv`ki ^vaxbZvi wec cvwKvbx cPviYvq Ask bb |
38
39
40

Ave`yj Mvd&dvi Payix, c~ev, cv 81

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, nvvbx cvewjkvm, XvKv, 1988 cv 9597
G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 127-28

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

81

41

82

^vaxbZvi ci ^vfvweK KviYB ZvK AvUK Kiv nq| wK ^vaxbZv hyi

GKRb mwq bZv W. G Avi gwjK `vjvj ivwRqv dqRi gywi Rb mycvwik
Ki ejb h, ZLb MfeZx _vKvq nvbv`vi`i cve ivwR nZ wZwb eva
nb| dj welqwU gvbweK `wKvY _K weePbv Ki ZvK gyw `qv nq|41
9 gvm wbwKZ gvjjvi msLv gv kZKiv 7.6 fvM!
GK m Rvbv hvq, 31 Avei 1973 ch `vjvj Aav`k Awfhy gvU
37,471 Rbi ga 2,848 Rbi gvgjvi wbw nq| Gi ga `cv nqwQj
752 Rb| evwK 2,096 Rb eKmyi Lvjvm cq hvq|42 A_vr `xN 9 gvm
Awfhy`i AwZ bMY msLK kZKiv 7.6 fvM gvgjvi wbw nq Ges G`i
kZKiv 26.4 fvMi kvw nq I kZKiv 73.6 fvM Lvjvm cvq|43 GB MwZZ
wePviKvh AMmi nj D Awfhy`i wePvi wbw KiZ 84 eQiiI AwaK
mgq cqvRb! ZZw`b wK Giv ivq kvbvi Rb euP _vKe? ejv evj, e
`vjvj AvMvcb I Abvb KviY Dchy Awfhy`i ewnfZ iq MQ| A_P
nvbv`i cvK-evwnbx I Zv`i `vjvjiv 9 gvmB j j jvKK bksmfve
nZv Ki| Awfhy`i c` ` ^vfvweK KviYB wewfb gqv`i | chvjvPbv
Ki `Lv hvq, DuPz chvqi A_vr hvexeb Kviv` cv`i msLv Aywjgq|
gZz`cv`i msLv AviI ^vwZ ^| nvBKvU Avwcji ci kl ch
KD gZz`cv nqQ Ggb Z_ Rvbv hvqwb| dj AbKB GK cnmbi
bvgvi gb Kib|
`vjvj AvBb mskvab
23 RyjvB 1972 miKvwi `wbK evsjvq `vjvj AvBbi mskvab cqvRb
wkivbvg GKwU cwZe`b cKvwkZ nq| GZ cPwjZ AvBbwUi bvbv mxgveZv
Zzj aiv nq| mvnv (31 RyjvB) AvIqvgx jxMI D AvBb mskvabi
mycvwik Ki| Gmei dj 29 AvM miKvi `vjvj AvBb mskvab Kib|
mskvabx mK ejv nq : 44
ivcavb evsjv`k `vjvj (wekl UvBeybvj, ZZxq mskvabx) Av`k 1972
41

42
43

44

hw`I 31 gvP 1972 Lyjbvq GK Rbmfvq gywRe ejwQjb, hw` KD `vjvj`i Rb

mycvwik KiZ Avm, Ze ZvKB `vjvj mve Kiv ne| `vjvj`i KLbB gv Kiv
ne bv (`wbK c~e`k, 1 Gwcj 1972)
gRi (Ae.) iwdKzj Bmjvg wcGmwc, eywRxex nZvi bc_, c~ev, cv 137
c` kvwi ga DjLhvM nj 57 Rbi mw vK, 17 Rb miKvwi KgKZvKgPvixK eiLv/AcmviY, 43 Rbi bvMwiKZ evwZj, 14 Rbi hvexeb Kviv`, 5
Rbi gZz`
`wbK evsjv, 30 AvM, 1973

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
Rvwi KiQb| G Av`k mviv `k mv_ mv_ ejer ne Ges 1972 mvji
24 k Rvbyqvwi _K KvhKi ej MY ne|
G Av`k Kvbv ew wePvi `vjvj cgvwYZ nj ZvK 3 _K 5 eQi
ch Kviv` c`vbi eev Kiv nq|

G mK AvBbgx W. Kvgvj nvmb GK mvsevw`K mjb ejb :

`vjvj AvBb mskvabi ci dR`vix wewa Abyhvqx kvj gvwRUMY
wekl wekl `vjvj`i wePvi `Z mb KiZ cvieb|

wZwb Aviv ejb :

hnZz `vjvj`i viv msMwVZ AcivagjK KvR `Lj`vi AvgjB mvwaZ
nq, dj eZgvb G`i Aciva mK Z` PvjvZ wMq KZKjv
A^vfvweK mgmv `Lv `q| mRbB Zv mskvab Kiv cqvRb nq co|

`vjvj AvBb mskvwaZ nIqvq wePviKvh cei Zzjbvq wKQyUv mnR nq| Zey
nvRvi nvRvi gvgjv wbwi Acvq co _vK| Abw`K AvBb mskvabi
dj cuvP eQii AwaK KviI mvRv nIqvi myhvM wQj bv| hviv mvRv cvwQj
ZvivI wekl gvwRUi ivqi wei DPZi Av`vjZ Avwcj Kivi myhvM
eenvi KiwQj| me wgwjq `vjvj`i mvRvI Lye nwQj bv Ges gvgjvi
wbwI Lye nwQj bv| cmZ ejv hZ cvi, GK wPKb Avjx Qvov KviI
gZz` nqwb| knx`yjvn Kvqmvii gvgjvi Avmvwg XvKv kni RvgvqvZ Bmjvgxi
ZrKvjxb `i mv`K LvjK gRyg`vii gv mvZ eQi Rj nq| IK awiq
w`b ej hvi mK cwKvq wew cKvwkZ nqwQj, mB gvIjvbv gvbvbi
Kvbv kvwB nqwb|45
18 aibi Acivax eZxZ Ab`i gyPjKvi kZ gv c`kb
gywRe-miKvi cPwjZ dR`vwi AvBbi gvag `vjvj`i wePviKvR mb
KiZ PqQb, hLvb wePviKi wbKU Aciva m`nvZxZfve cgvYi `vwe
ivL| wePviKi c m`nvZxZ nIqvi welqwU Lye mnR bq| mKj
gvwRUB h ^vaxbZvi PZbvq mgvbfve Dy wQjb GgbI bq| mevcwi
wQj Avxq-^Rb I cfvekvjx eweMi Abyiva I Pvc| A wKQyw`bi gaB
bvbv gnj _K cKvk `vjvj AvBb Zzj `qv I gvbweK KviY mvaviY gv
NvlYvi Rb cve Avm| GgbwK we`kx cfvekvjx kwi c _KI Pvc
AvmZ i Ki| G AvIqvgx jxM hw` ^vaxbZvi ciciB Kvbv wecex
aibi miKvi MVb Ki ev wekl Aav`k Rvwi Ki msw Av`vjZ vcb
45

Gikv`i Avgj gvIjvbv gvbvb gv`vmv wkK`i bZv, gx I BbwKjve cwKvi gvwjK
nb

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

83

Ki `Z GB wePvi KvR mb Kivi D`vM wbZ ZvnjB nZ mevg| wK Zv

bv-Kivq Ges mgq Mwoq hvIqvq mgmv `Lv `q| dj 1973 mvji g
gvmi gvSvgvwS mgq gyPjKv `qvi kZ mvc miKvi 1972 mvji
evsjv`k `vjvj AvBb (wekl UvBeybvj) ej Awfhy Ges mvRvcv KwZcq
KvUMwii jvKK gv c`kbi K_v NvlYv Kib|
miKvii weewZZ ejv nq, hviv GB gv NvlYvi myhvM wbZ BQyK Zviv
hw` Rj wKsev AvUK _vKb, GB NvlYv Rvwii wZb mvni ga Zv`i
mswk gnKzgv gvwRUi mvgb nvwRi nZ ne ev nvwRi KiZ ne| hv`i
bvg MdZvwi civqvbv ev wjqv Rvwi AvQ Ges hviv cjvZK iqQb, Zviv
gv NvlYvi myhvM MnY AvMnx nj Zv`iI GB NvlYvi wZb mvni ga
mswk gvwRUi Av`vjZ nvwRi nZ ne| miKvi Aviv NvlYv Kib h :
1. Pvi b^i AbyQ` ewYZ ew`i gvgjv Ges Aciva Qvov evsjv`k `vjvj
Av`k ewYZ Ab Kvbv Aciva mvRvcv ew`i kvw gvd ne Ges
Zv`i Rj _K Qo w`Z ne Aek hw` Zviv ewYZ Av`k Qvov Ab
Kvbv AvBbi wePvihvM Ges kvwhvM Acivai KviY cywjki
Awfhyi ZvwjKvq bv _vKb| ay ZvB bq, Zv`i m`vPiYi gyPjKv
w`Z ne Ges wjwLZfve evsjv`ki cwZ AvbyMZ NvlYv KiZ ne|
2. Pvi b^i AbyQ` ewYZ ew Ges Aciva Qvov, evsjv`k `vjvj
Av`kej wekl gvwRU A_ev wekl UvBeybvj wePvivaxb gvgjvjv
cZvnvi Kiv ne Ges nvRZ AvUK Gme gvgjvq RwoZ ew`i gyw
w`Z ne| Aek hw` Zviv ewYZ Av`k Qvov Ab Kvb AvBbi wePvi I
kvwhvM Aciva Awfhy bv nb| G`iI m`vPiYi myPjKv w`Z ne
Ges wjwLZfve evsjv`ki cwZ AvbyMZ NvlYv KiZ ne|
3. Pvi b^i AbyQ` ewYZ gvgjvq RwoZ ew A_ev Aciva Qvov Ab
Acivai Rb Kvb ewi wei gvgjv ev Z` cwiZ ne| G`i
wei RvwiKZ MdZvix civqvbv ev wjqv evwZj ne Ges ewYZ Av`k
ej Gme jvKi mw evRqvKiY (hvi hgb) Av`k cZvnvi
ev evwZj Kiv ne Ges Gic ew Rj _vKj Zv`i gyw `qv ne|
Aek hw` Zv`i wei ewYZ Av`k Qvov Ab Kvb AvBbi wePvi I
kvwhvM Acivai AwfhvM bv _vK| G`iI m`vPiYi gyPjKv w`Z
ne Ges wjwLZfve evsjv`ki cwZ AvbyMZ NvlYv KiZ ne|
4. Dcii 1, 2 I 3 b^i cvivq hv`i gv jvfi hvM NvlYv Kiv nqQ
Zviv Qvov wbv KvUMwii Acivai AwfhvM Awfhy jvKRb gvi
AvIZvq coe bv|

42

84

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

K. hviv ewYZ Av`ki wbv avivmgn kvwhvM Aciva mvRvcv A_ev

hv`i wei mywbw` AwfhvM iqQ A_ev hv`i wei wbv aviv
gvZveK KvbvwU A_ev me Acivai AwfhvM _vKe :
1. 121 (evsjv`ki wei hy Pvjvbv A_ev Pvjvbvi Pv)|
2. 121 K (evsjv`ki wei hy Pvjvbvi loh)|
3. 124 K (iv`vwnZv)|
4. 302 (nZv)|
5. 304 (nZvi Pv)|
6. 363 (AcniY)|
7. 364 (nZvi Dk AcniY)|
8. 365 (AvUK ivLvi Dk AcniY)
9. 368 (AcZ ewK g I AvUK ivLv)|
10. 376 (alY)|
11. 392 (`myew)|
12. 394 (`myewKvj AvNvZ)|
13. 395 (WvKvwZ)|
14. 396 (Lyb mn WvKvwZ) |
15. 397 (nZv A_ev gvivK AvNvZmn `myew A_ev WvKvwZ)|
16. 435 (Avb A_ev weviK `ei mvnvh wZmvab)|
17. 436 (evwoNi asmi Dk Avb A_ev weviK `e eenvi) Ges
18. dR`vix `wewai 436 (Avb A_ev weviK `ei mvnvh Kvbv
Rjhvbi wZmvab) A_ev Gme KvR Drmvn`vb|
L. `Lj`vi Avgj DcwbevPb AskMnY Ki `Lj`vi evwnbxi mv_
mnhvwMZv Kivi Aciva hviv `cv nqQb A_ev hv`i wei
AwfhvM Avbv nqQ A_ev hv`i wei AwfhvM iqQ|
M. `k A_ev we`k `Lj`vi evwnbxi c cPviYv A_ev cvwKvwb
cwZwbwa`j A_ev KwgwUi m`m wnme G-aibi cPviYv Pvjvbvi Rb
we`k wMq nvbv`vi evwnbxi mv_ mnhvwMZv Kivi Aciva `cv A_ev
hv`i wei my AwfhvM Avbv nqQ A_ev hv`i wei AwfhvM
iqQ|
N. `Lj`vi Avgj mveK ce cvwKvb A_ev cvwKvbi Mfbi, gx
A_ev Dc`vi c` MnY Ki nvbv`vi evwnbxi mv_ mnhvwMZv Kivi
Aciva mvRvcv A_ev hv`i wei mywbw` AwfhvM Avbv nqQ A_ev
hv`i wei AwfhvM iqQ|
O. Avj-e`i A_ev Avj-kvgm evwnbxi m`m nq `Lj`vi evwnbxi mv_

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

85

mnhvwMZv Kivi Aciva `cv A_ev hv`i wei my AwfhvM Avbv

nqQ A_ev hv`i wei AwfhvM iqQ|
P. ivRvKvi`i Kgvvi nq `Lj`vi evwnbxi mv_ mnhvwMZv Kivi Aciva
mvRvcv A_ev hv`i wei my AwfhvM Avbv nqQ A_ev hv`i
wei AwfhvM iqQ|
Q. `Lj`vi Avgj _vbv, gnKzgv A_ev Rjv kvw KwgwUi cwmWU,
Pqvigvb, AvnvqK A_ev mv`K nq `Lj`vi evwnbxi mv_ mnhvwMZv
Kivi Aciva `vvcv A_ev hv`i wei mywbw` AwfhvM Avbv nqQ
A_ev hv`i wei AwfhvM iqQ|
R. `Lj`vi Avgj mveK ce cvwKvbi K`xq kvwKwgwUi KgKZv nq
`Lj`vi evwnbxi mv_ mnhvwMZv Kivi Aciva mvRvcv A_ev hv`i
wei my AwfhvM Avbv nqQ A_ev hv`i wei AwfhvM iqQ|
S. gywhvv`i ZrciZv I msMVb `gbi Dk Ges Gi wewbgq dvq`v
MnY Ki `Lj`vi evwnbxi mv_ mnhvwMZv Kivi Aciva `cv A_ev
hv`i wei my AwfhvM Avbv nqQ A_ev hv`i wei AwfhvM
iqQ|
5. G NvlYvi AvIZvq AbyKv cv_bv KiZ BQyK ewMY hviv Rj ev
nvRZ AvQ A_ev gnKzgv gvwRUi mvgb hv`i nvwRi Kiv nq ev
nvwRi nIqvi Rb hv`i wei MdZvix civqvbv ev wjqv Rvwi nqQ
Ges hviv cvwjq eovQ, Zv`iK ewMZ gyPjKv c`vb Ges
evsjv`ki cwZ AvbyMZ I evaZv ^xKvi Kivi Rb G NvlYv cKvki
wZb mvni ga mswk gnKzgv gvwRUi KvQ AvmgcY KiZ ejv
nQ|
6. cqvRbxq ewMZ gyPjKv c`vb Ges evsjv`ki cwZ AbyMZ I evaZv
^xKvi NvlYvi ci Abyic gyPjKv c`vbKvix I NvlYvKvix ew`i, Zviv
hw` `cv nq Ze 401 bs dR`vwi Kvhwewai AvIZvq Zv`i wei
AvbxZ `v`k gIKzdi h_vh_ wb`k Abyhvqx Rj nZ Lvjvm Kiv ne,
A_ev Zviv hw` wePvivaxb _vK Ze 494/G dR`vwi Kvhwewai
AvIZvaxb PjwZ gvgjv wekl UvBeybvj A_ev wekl gvwRUi AbygwZ
wbq cZvnvii ci nvRZ nZ gyw `Iqv ne| Aek gywi kZ nQ
Zviv hw` Dciv Av`ki evBi wePvihvM I kvwhvM Ab Kvbv
Acivai mv_ mswk bv _vK, Zv`i wei MdZvii Rb RvwiKZ
mKj civqvbv I nvwRi nIqvi Rb mKj NvlYv Ges Zv`i mw
evRqvdZ Kivi Av`k evwZj I cZvnvi Kiv ne Ges wdwiq `Iqv

43

86

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

ne|46
mvaviY gv NvlYv
GBme kZmvc gv c`kbI cwiwwZi Lye BZiwekl NUwb| kZfy
AvVviwU Aciva Awfhy nvRvi nvRvi jvK ejv Pj webvwePvi AvUK nq
iBj| AvUKKZ jvK`i cvliv gvbeZi Rxebhvcb eva nwQj| `ki
ccwKvq G-mK weicfve jLv nwQj| wea A_bxwZi cybivi,
PvivPvjvb iva, AvBbkLjv cwiwwZi AebwZ, wk-KjKviLvbvq
ANvZ46/1 me wgwjq miKvii ZLb vwn gaym`b Aev| ZvQvov GK
w`K AvBbi RwUjZvi KviY AvUK `vjvj`i wePviKvh `ZZi Kiv me
nwQj bv Abw`K AvBbi duvKdvKi w`q cvq mevB Qvov cq hZ _vK|
evsjv`ki mgvR h_ cwievi wfwK| `Lv MQ, Kvbv Kvbv
cwievii GK fvB gwhvv, Ab fvB ev Avxq kvwKwgwUi bZv|
cwievii wewfb fvBqiv wewfb `ji m hy| Z`ycwi myhvMmvbx wKQy
^vaxbZvweivax jvK ^vaxbZvi ci miKvwi ev weivax`j Kkj VuvB Ki
bq Ges G`i AZxZ KvhKjvc Avovj Kivi cqvm cvq|
gvIjvbv kvgQyj nK (cuvPevMx) I gvIjvbv fvmvbxI G iZcY
fwgKv cvjb Kib| mvvwnK nwjW mn ekwKQy cwKvq G wbq jLv nq|
`vjvj gwkDi ingvb hv`y wgqv nvRZ _K gyw cvIqvi ci ZvK c` GK
mseabv mfvq wecex ivk` Lvb gbb cgyL ch ZvK AvUK ivLvi Rb
gywRe-miKvii mgvjvPbv Kib| me wgwjq Aev Ggb `uvovq h, wcQy nUZ
nUZ AvIqvgxjxM miKvi civRqi vicv DcbxZ nq Ges 30 bf^i
1973 binZv I alYKvix cfwZ eZxZ mKj `vjvj`i cwZ mvaviY gv
NvlYv Ki| mvaviY gvi dj 36,400 `vjvj gywjvf Ki|47
binZv I alYKvix mvaviY gvi ewnfZ
30 bf^i ^iv `dZi _K GK NvlYvq ejv nq :
miKvi binZv, bvixalY Ges AwMmshvM A_ev weviKi mvnvh Nievwo
A_ev Rjhvb asmi AwfhvM Awfhy I mvRvcv ewiv Qvov evsjv`k
`vjvj (wekl UvBeybvj) Av`k, 1972 (wcI bs 8, 1972) ej hviv AvUK
nqQb, hv`i wei MdZvwi civqvbv A_ev wjqv iqQ Ges hviv GB
AvBb mvRv fvM KiQb Zv`i mKji cwZ mvaviY gv NvlYv KiQb|

miKvii NvlYvq ejv nqQ,

46
46/1
47

`wbK evsjv, 17 g, 1973

ANvZi weeiYi Rb cwiwk 7 co~b
wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 540

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

87

1. `yb^i AbyQ` ewYZ ew`i I Aciva mgyni Qvov

44

88

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
`kcgi Dj `v vcb Kieb|

48

K. 1898 mvji dR`vwi `wewai 401 bs aviv Abyhvqx DwjwLZ Av`k

ej AvUK I mvRvcv ew`i invB `qv nQ Ges DwjwLZ Av`k
Qvov Aci Kvbv AvBb ej Zv`i wei Kvbv AwfhvM bv _vKj
Zv`i mvaviY gv NvlYvi AbwZwej^ Rj _K gyw `qv ne|
L. Kvbv wekl UvBeybvji myL A_ev Kvbv wekl gvwRUi
Av`vjZ D Av`kej wePvivaxb mKj gvgjv mswk UvBeybvj I
gvwRUi AbygwZ wbq cZvnvi Kiv ne Ges DwjwLZ Av`k Qvov
Aci Kvbv AvBb Zv`i wei wePvivaxb Kvbv gvgjv ev AwfhvM
bv _vKj Zv`i nvRZ _K gyw `qv ne|
M. Kvbv ewi wei DwjwLZ Av`kej AvbxZ mKj gvgjv I Z`
Zzj bqv ne Ges DwjwLZ Av`k Qvov Aci Kvbv AvBb wePvi I
`hvM AvBb m Awfhy bv nj ZvK gyw `qv ne| DwjwLZ
Av`kej Bmy Kiv mKj MdZvwi civqvbv I nvwRi nIqvi wb`k
A_ev Kvbv ewi wei wjqv wKsev mw vKi Av`k `qv
_vKj Zv cZvnvi ej weewPZ ne Ges MdZvwi civqvbv A_ev
wjqvi ej Kvbv ew BwZce MdZvi nq nvRZ AvUK _vKj
ZvK AbwZwej^ gyw `qv ne| Aek m ew DwjwLZ `vjvj
Av`k Qvov wePvi I `hvM Aci Kvbv AvBb Zvi wei hw`
Kvbv gvgjv bv _vK ZeB|
hv`i AbycwwZZB mvRv `qv nqQ A_ev hv`i bvg MdZvwi
civqvbv ev wjqv SzjQ Zviv hLb Dchy Av`vjZ AvmgcY Ki
gv cv_bv Ges evsjv`ki cwZ AvbyMZ NvlYv Kie Kej ZLbB
Zv`i ejvq gv chvR ne|
2. `wewai b^i 302 aviv (nZv), 304 aviv, 376 aviv (alY), 435 aviv
(wj A_ev weviK eenvi Ki wZ mvab) Ges 446 aviv (Ni
Rvjvbv) Ges 448 avivq (bhvb Avb ev weviY) Awfhy ev
mvRvcvMY GK b^i AbyQ` DwjwLZ gvi AvIZvq coe bv|

DjL, gywRei GB Avkvev` e_Zvq chewmZ nq| gyw cqB Zviv cyibv
Ljvq gZ DV|

gvcv`i mK gywRei cZvkv

D NvlYvej gvcv`i cm cavbgx kL gywReyi ingvb Avkvev` e
Ki ejb :

mvaviY gvi AmvaviY cwZwqv

`vjvj I hyew``i (195 Rb) gv KivK K` Ki `ywU wecixZ gZvgZi

Gme jvK `xNw`b ai AvUK iqQb... GZw`b Zviv wbqB Mfxifve

AbyZ| Zviv wbqB Zv`i AZxZ KvhKjvci Rb AbykvPbvq iqQb|...
gy nq `kMVbi cwe I gnvb `vwqZ MnYi cY myhvM Zviv MnY
Kieb Ges Zv`i AZxZi mKj ZrciZv I KvhKjvc fzj wMq

195 cvK-mbv I Zv`i mnhvMx`i wePvi

17 Gwcj 1973 miKvwi GK cm-wewZ ejv nq : MYnZv, hyvciva
gvbweKZvi wei Aciva, Rbfv Kbfbkbi 3bs aviv jNb, binZv,
ejvrKvi I evwoNi cvovbvi AwfhvM 195 Rb (c_g G-msLvwU wbaviY
Kiv nqwQj 1,500 Rb) cvK-mbv I Zv`i mnhvMx`i wePvi ne| GRb g
gvmi klw`K mywcgKvUi wePvicwZi ghv`vmb wePviK`i wbq XvKvq
GKwU wekl UvBeybvj MwVZ ne| AvRvwZK ^xKZ cwZZ Abyq wePvi
Kvh cZ Kivi Rb AvRvwZK LvwZmb AvBbwekvi``i AvgY
Rvbvbv ne| Awfhy ewiv c mg_bi Rb we`kxmn cQ`gZv
AvBbRxex wbqvM KiZ cvieb|49 17 RyjvB 1973 RvZxq msm` GRb
AvRvwZK Aciva (UvBeybvj) wej 1973 cvm nq|
28 AvM 1973 fviZi wmgjvq RyjwdKvi Avjx fv I Bw`iv Mvxi
ga fviZ AvUK 93 nvRvi cvwKvwb hyew`50 I cvwKvb AvUK cov 5
j evOvwj wbR wbR `k diZ hvIqvi welq GKwU Pzw ^vwiZ nq| 22
deqvwi 1974 cvwKvb evsjv`kK ^xKwZ `q|
wKQyw`b ci Ryjwd fzv AZxZi fzj fzj wMq 195 Rb hyvcivaxK
gv Kivi Ave`b Rvbvj evsjv`k ZvZ mvov `q| evsjv`ki ciivgx
W. Kvgvj nvmb, cvwKvbi ciiv cwZgx AvwRR Avng` I fviZi
cwZwbwa wc Gb nvKmvi w`jxZ AvjvPbvq wgwjZ nb| kL gywRe wPwKrmvkl gv _K `k divi c_ w`wjZ hvvweiwZ Kib Ges Bw`iv Mvxi
mv_ AbywZ AvjvPbvq 195 Rb hyvcivaxi wePvi bv-Kivi welq mZ nb|
9 Gwcj 1974 cvwKvb-fviZ-evsjv`k GKwU w`kxq Pzw ^vi Ki, hvi
gvag 195 Rb hyvcivax wePvii nvZ _K invB cvq|51

48
49
50
51

`wbK evsjv, wWm^i, 1973

`wbK evsjv, 18 Gwcj 1973
Avmg_bKvix cvwKvwb mKj mb`i 17 Rvbyqvwi 1972 Gi ga fviZ vbvi
Ki AvUK ivLv nqwQj
wmivR D`&`xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 558

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

89

mw nq| GK`j GK wechq Ges Ab`j gnZ ej AwfgZ `b| gn

ev`xiv nhiZ gyn` (m.) KZK gv weRqi ci c` gv NvlYvi DwZ w`q
GK Zvi wkv ej AwfwnZ Kib Ges GRb gywRei mse`bkxj gnvbyfe
`qi cksmv Kib| Abc ejb, gywhy gywRe ewMZfve RwoZ bv_vKvq Ges Zuvi cwievii KD wbnZ bv-nIqvq wZwb I`i bksmZv h_v_fve
Dcjw KiZ cvibwb| dj Gic AgvRbxq fzj Kiv me nqQ| NvZK`vjvj wbgj KwgwUi cwZvZv knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgvg G cm ejb :

45

90

mb`i mv_ wgj hviv GKi ci GK nZvKv PvwjqQ, Zviv AvR mgvR
cwZwZ nq GKBfve KvR KiQ| Avi GUv H mvaviY gviB dj|

knx` mvsevw`K wmivRDwb nvmbi cy kvnxb iRv ejb :

ay mvaviY gv bq, Gi AvM wePvii bvg cnmb Kiv nqwQj| nZvi
mv_ RwoZ ew`i myKkj invB `qv nq| A_P hv`i wei
nZvKvi Kvbv cgvY wQj bv Zv`i Rj XvKvbv nq| G QvovI hviv
nZvi gj cwiKbv KiwQj ZvivI A`k nvZi Quvqvq mKj `vq`vwqZ
_K gy nq hvq| GiKg cnmbgjK wePvii ci Avevi Avmjv mvaviY
gv|...
miKvi nZvKvix`i gv Ki w`qwQj ejB AvR Zviv mgvR I ivRbxwZZ
cybevwmZ nqQ|... GUv AZ mvaviY welq h, hviv nZv Ki-Zv`i
wePvi nIqv DwPZ| wK Zv nqwb| Avi GB bv-nIqvUv AgvRbxq Aciva
nqQ|53

MYnZv, eywRxex nZvq hv`i fwgKv myfve cgvwYZ nqwQj, ^vaxbZvi

ciciB Zv`i duvwm nIqv DwPZ wQj| wK mvaviY gvi Rb Zv nqwb|
ZrKvjxb miKvii mvaviY gvi wmv wQj gvivK GKwU fzj| mw`b
gv NvlYv bv Kiv nj NvZKiv wbR`iK mgvR cybevwmZ Kivi myhvM
cZ bv|

knx` eywRxex knx`yjvn Kvqmvii mnawgbx AavwcKv cvbv Kvqmvi ejb :

eZgvb ivRvKvi Avj-e`i`i h `iv ew cqQ Zv kL gywRei
mvaviY gviB dj| IB gv wQj wePvi-eyw nxb| mw`b miKvi hw`
NvZK`i wePvi Ki mvRv w`Z, Zvnj AvR G Aev nZv bv|... Zviv
AvcbRb nvivb wb| dj ^Rb nvivbvi e_v Zv`i Rvbv wQj bv| NvZK`i
Zviv mnRB gv Ki w`Z ciwQjb|

15 wWm^i 1971 Avje`ii nvZ GK knx` wZb fvBqi (ew`Dvgvb,

kvnRvnvb I Kwigyvgvb Iid gyjyK Rvnvb) cwievii AwffveK gywhvv
kvgmyj `v ejb :
ivcavb KvDK gv Ki w`Z cvib| wK hviv jvL jvL ^vaxbZvKvgx
jvKK nZv KiwQj Zv`i gv Ki `qv AgvRbxq Aciva wQj| wQj
GKwU Pig fzj wmv|... ay gv bq, H miKvi knx`-cwievijvi cwZ
bbZg KZZvI c`kb Kiwb|
GB `k hw` mwZB ^vaxb nq _vK Zvnj GB ^vaxb `k NvZK`i
ivRbxwZ Kivi AwaKvi e Ki w`Z ne|52

knx` ew`Dvgvbi cy Zzivbyvgvb ejb, Avgvi wcZvi nZvKvix`i

wePvi bv nIqvq Avwg z| XvKv wekwe`vjqi gwWKj Awdmvi knx` Wv.
gZzRvi xi fvlvq :
hv`i cvY MQ Zv`i Avxq-^RbivB eySZ ciQb kL gywRei
mvaviY gvi ggvwK ggUv|

Kb GB gv?
iv I miKvicavb _K i Ki mswk AbK evisevi cwZkwZ-cZq
NvlYv KijI `vjvj I hyew``i wePvi-cwqv wMZ nq hvq| 16 g
1973 miKvi 18 aibi Acivai (ce ewYZ) mv_ hy bq Gic Awfhy I
mvRvcv `vjvj`i gyPjKv `qvi kZ gv c`kbi NvlYv `b Ges 30
bf^i 1973 binZv, bvixalY Ges AwMmshvM A_ev weviKi mvnvh
Nievwo A_ev Rjhvb asmi AwfhvM Awfhy I mvRvcv ewiv Qvov
evsjv`k `vjvj (wekl UvBeybvj) Av`k, 1972 (wcI 8, 1972) ej hviv
AvUK nqQb, hv`i wei MdZvwi civqvbv A_ev wjqv iqQ Ges hviv
GB AvBb mvRv fvM KiQb Zv`i mKji cwZ mvaviY gv NvlYv KiQb
Ges 16 wWm^i 1973 weRq w`emi ga gvcv`i ga hviv AvUK iqQ
Zv`i mKjK gyw `qvi NvlYv `qv nq| Z_vwf gnj wbv
welqmgnK mvaviY gvi KviY ^ic gb Kib :
1. `vjvj AvBbi Aceenvi : ^vaxbZvi ci ci `k wKQy ^vfvweK wekLjv
`Lv `q| GK`j myhvMmvbx ewMZ, cvwievwiK ev ivRbwZK kZv
PwiZv_ Kivi Rb cwZcK `vjvj cwZcb Kivi cqvm cvq| RbK
fzfvMxi fvlvq :
mviv`k GB GK bZzb AZvPvi I GKaibi mvm i nqQ| Kviv
wei kZv Dvi KiZ nj, m GKRb KvjveviUvi GB Acev`

Avgvi fvBqi i ivOvbv GKzk deqvwii Agi myiKvi knx` AvjZvd

gvngy`i x mviv gvngy` ejb :
mvaviY gv NvlYv KvbvfveB DwPZ nqwb|... 1971 mvj cvwKvwb
52

gRi (Ae.) iwdKzj Bmjvg wcGmwm, c~ev cv 139

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

53

mvaviY gvi cwZwqv mgni Rb `Lyb gRi (Ae.) iwdKzj Bmjvg wcGmwm, eywRxex
nZvi bc_, c~ev, cv 138-41

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

91

46

92

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

evYevwoqvi AvLvDovi Uvbgv`vBj MYnZv mK NvZK eBRv (eRy

wgqv) ej : Gme mwVK nj AvgvK Qvoj Kb?
3. `vjvj`i AvMvcb I Lvjm e`j : civRqi cev cvKevwnbxi

cv`vcmviYi mv_ mv_ `vjvjiv wbR GjvKv Qo wbivc` Avkq wekl

Ki XvKv mn wewfb eo kni AvMvcb Ki| AvxqZv ev ezZi m Giv
AbKvb gywhyi mg_K`i evwoZI Avkq bq| KD KD wbR`i
LvjmI e`j dj| hgb, PMvg Rjvi ivRvKvi cavb gxi Kvmg Avjx
(ci iveZvi KvwU wWii) gywhyi ci AvMvcb Ki e`j dj wbRi
bvgwU| gxi Kvkg nq hvq wgUz| Zvi cwiwPZ mKjB G-bvgwU Rvb|
gv_vfwZ Pzj iL Pjvdiv Ki| gywhvv`i gZv mvvi jvMvbv kvU civ
i Ki| Gici PMvg _K Pj Avm XvKvq| wgk hvq nvRviv gvbyli
wfo| AbK ejQb, m-mgq gxi Kvkg wbRK gywhvv ejI cwiPq
w`Z| GK mgq NvZK gCbywbi mv_ jb cvwjq hvq gxi Kvkg Avjx|58
Rvbv hvq, cMoi ivRvKvi Avbvqvi KmvB gywhvvi fzuqv mvwUwdKU
hvMvo Ki cywjkevwnbxZ hvM `q| m cMo knii wmscvov knx`
gywhvv nweei ingvbi cwievii Rwg RviceK Mvm Kivi AcPvq wj
iqQ|59
4. ivRbwZK cb evmb : ^vaxbZvi ci wekl Ki Mvgvj bZZi
myweavevw`Zv, A`i`wkZv, mvgwqK dvq`v cfwZ KviY ivRbwZK `jmgn
Kkj `vjvj`i KD KD ev Zv`i mvbiv XzK co| gvIjvbv
gZxbi60 gZv jvK evwbK mgvRZi cvwU Rvm`i K`xq bZZ vb
cvq| AvUK Aev _K mvRvcv `vjvj gwkDi ingvb hv`y wgqvK exi AvLv
w`q Mjvq dzji gvjv cwiq mseabv `b gywhvv I wecex KvRx Rvdi I
ivk` Lvb gbb cgyL| gvIjvbv fvmvbx I nwjW `vjvj AvBb evwZji
Avnvb Rvbvq| bij Bmjvg gyii Pvq mwlbvi cxi-LvZ `vjvj Avey Rvdi
mvjn61 iv cvq| vYZnwej Zmic I `vjvj`i Avkq `qvi AwfhvM
AvIqvgx jxMi mgvRKjvY mv`Ki c` _K (1972 mvj) Ievq`yi
ingvbK62 ewnvi Kivi nq| cieZx mgq UvvBji knx`yjv, bv`vBji
(gqgbwmsn) Avyj gwZb fBqv, evYevwoqvi IqvwjDi ingvb, PMvgi
mwjg nvq`vi, evNvicvovi (hkvi) Rjv` LvjK, Kzwgjvi kvgmyj nK gvjv,
gvIjvbv Ave`yj Iqv`y` I bij nK mvby cfwZ ivRvKvi AvIqvgx jxMi bZv
nqQb|63 GgbwK AvIqvgx jxM hvM `Iqv `vjv`i ga `yGKRb GgwcI

54

58

`IqvB h_| GKvii ivRvKviivB GLb KvjveviUvi LuyR eovQ|...

e wb`vl jvKK nbv Kiv nQ| wK Avmj KvjveviUvi hviv, Zviv
w`we, mvgvb KqKRb Qvov ay wbivc` bB, miKvii KvQvKvwQ Pj
MQ|54

Avwb gvmKvibnvm G cm ejb :

G AvBbI `k MvjhvM Avi MYgvbyli nqivwbi nvwZqvi cwiYZ nj| e
mwq nvbv`vi evwnbxi `vjvjI iZcY miKvwi `vwqZ cj| Abw`K e
wb`vl ewI gZvmxb`i ewMZ ivlvbj co me^ nvivj| GgbwK h
KvU `vjvwji AwfhvM ivRvKvi Avje`i cfwZi wePvi I `v`k c`vb
Kiv nZ, m-KvUi nvwKg wbqvwRZ nqwQjb ivRvKvi-m`vi|55

2. AvwiKZvi Afve : `vjvj`i wePvi Kivi evcvi miKvii

AvwiKZvi h_ Afve wQj| AvUK ewkifvM jvKi wei wQj Lyb, alY,
AwMmshvM, jyUZivR I wbhvZbi AwfhvM; hjv `ki mvaviY AvBbB
kvwhvM| wK G welq BQv I Pvi Afve cwijwZ nq|
^vaxbZvi ciciB 30 nvRvi jvKK `vjvj wnme ZvwjKvfz Kiv nq;
hv wQj evsjv`ki mvo mvZ KvwU RbmsLvi Zzjbvq bMY| Zv`i ga kZ
kZ jvKK KLbB LuyR cvIqv hvqwb| Zv`i LuvRvi Rb Kvbv KVvi
cPvI Pvjvbv nqwb| ZvQvov Kvbv AevZB Zv`i wei mvcgvY msMn
I wePvii Ggb Kvbv A_en D`vM bIqv nqwb| Avi cvwKvwb nvbv`vi
evwnbxi m`miv e AvMB Pj wMqwQj bvMvji evBi| KvRx dRjyi ingvbi
fvlvq :
Zv`i (nvbv`vi`i) AcKgi Kvbv `vwjwjK cgvY msMni PvI nqwb|
56
GUv evanq ^vaxb evsjv`k miKvii mePq eo e_Zv|

Pvi GB Afvei myhvM wbq ivRvKvi w`Bjv (gvIjvbv| Avjvgv

`jvqvi nvmb mvC`x) 14 eQii AvZevm _K ewiq Gm ejQ :
Avwg gvbyl gi _vKj Avgvi wei Kvbv gvgjv nj bv Kb?57

55
56
57

KvRx dRjyi ingvb, Avkv I fM Avkvi w`bwj w`bwjwc 1972-1975, c_g Avjv, 14
Ryb 2002
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY (Abyev`, gvnv` kvnRvnvb), nvvbx
cvewjkvm, XvKv, 2000, (cybgy` Y ) cv 21
KvRx dRjyi ingvb, Avkv I fM Avkvi w`bwj, w`bwjwc 1972-1975, c_g Avjv, 9
AvM 2002
mB ivRvKvi, RbK cKvkbx, 2001, cv 179

59
60
61
62
63

mB ivRvKvi, RbK cKvkbx, 2001, cv 81-84

mB ivRvKvi, RbK cKvkbx, 2001, cv 123-25
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm (eezi mgqKvj), c~ev, cv 91
mB ivRvKvi, c~ev, cv 242-43| wRqv I Gikv` DfqB ZvK ^vaxbZv c`K w`q H
c`Ki Aghv`v KiQb
G Gj LwZe Kviv gywRei nZKvix? c~ev, cv 44
mB ivRvKvi, c~ev, cv 33,53,64,77,117 I 283

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

93

eb hvq| 64
wRqvi weGbwc cvwKvwb `vjvj`i Rb Zvi mejv `iRv Lyj `q|
1979 mvji msm` wbevPb c`cv_x`i ga 250RbB wQj H `vjvjMvi
ivRbxwZwe`|65 `j wnme weGbwci Rb ci njI 1972 mvj _KB
`vjvjiv Mvcb bvbvfve bvbv Dc`j msMwVZ nwQj| ^vaxbZvi NvlK I
Zvi xi KjvY `ki gx Zv eUB ivcwZ I cavbgxi c`I `vjvj`i
emvbv nqQ| ay ZvB bq, gywhy weivwaZvi Rb hme `jK wbwl Kiv
nqwQj, mme mv`vwqK `ji Dci _K Zviv wblavv DwVq wbqQ Ges
RvU eua miKvi MVb KiQ|
5. AvgjvZ : ^vaxbZvi ci ciB gywRebMi miKvi KwUwbDq Ae
mvwfmm AWvi66 Rvwi Ki cvwKvbi civwRZ ckvmbi Ask Ges
cvwKvb-gBW AvgjvZK gZvq cybenvj Kib| GwU wQj GKwU g
fzj wmv| G`i AbKB RvZxq bxwZ cfvweZ Kivi gZv iZcY kxlc`
`Lj Ki| KD KD Avkv Kib, wKQy DPc` evOvwj wQjb hviv IB wePvi
dum hvevi fq fxZ wQjb| dj Zv`i KzKg cKvwkZ nevi AvMB Zviv G
wePvivbyvb e67 KiZ mP nb|
6. wePvi cwZ I `vjvj AvBb wU : 23 RyjvB 1972 `wbK evsjvq
`vjvj AvBb mskvabi cqvRb kxlK GK cwZe`b jLv nq :
`k ^vaxb nevi ci `vjvj ej hv`i AvUK Kiv nqQ Zv`i kZKiv 75
RbiB gyw cvIqvi mvebv iqQ| KviY GB wecyjmsLK ewi wei
Kvbv mywbw` AwfhvM cvIqv hvQ bv|
cywjki msLv GgwbZB AcZzj| Z`ycwi KvjveiUi Av AwfhvM
Z`i fvi `Iqv nqQ ay _vbvi IwmK| wK Iwmi c GKv AmsL
gvgjv Z` Kiv GKcKvi Ame|...
GQvov `vjvj AvBb mKI AvBb wekl`i wKQy ge iqQ| Zuviv
ejQb, `vjvj AvBb Kiv nqQ GKwU wekl cwiwwZZ msNwUZ Acivai
wePvi Kivi Rb| KvRB m-Aciva cgvYi Rb _vKZ ne mvcgvYi
wekl aib| wK eZgvb AvBbi mvcgvYi Rb AbymiY KiZ nq GKk
eQii cyibv BwfW Gv|... BwfW Gv AbymiY KiZ wMq `Lv
hvQ bvbv RwUjZv| dj Aciva cgvY Kiv nq DVQ AbK
`ytmva|...
64
65
66
67

G Gj LwZe, c~ev, cv 198

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 142
Ave`yj Mvd&dvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM, c~ev, cv 79
G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 194

47

94

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
GKUv D`vniY w`jB evcviUv cwivi ic evSv hve| aiv hvK GKRb
ivRvKvi Kvbv GK ewK AcniY KiQ, Zvici _K m ewi Avi
Kvb mvb gjwb| GB Aevq ZvK nZv Kiv nqQ GB wmv
^vfvweKfveB Kiv hvq| wK hw` mB ivRvKviwUi wei gvgjv Pj
`vjvj AvBb, Ze Zvi wei Avbv hve bv nZvi AwfhvM| AwfhvM Avbv
ne nZvi Rb AcniY Kiv nqQ| KviY BwfW Gv nZvi Pvzl
mvcgvY bv Gb Lybi AwfhvM cgvY Kiv hvq bv| myZivs G hw`I
jvKwU Lyb nqQ, Zey AvBbi gvicvP AvmvgxK Lybx cgvY Kiv hve bv|

`vjvj Av`k Abyhvqx UvBeybvji ivqi wei nvBKvU Avwcj Kivi AwaKvi
Avmvgxi _vKjI UvBeybvj wePvh Acivai Rb Ab Kvbv Av`vjZ wePvi
cv_bvi AwaKvi _K dwiqvw`K ewZ Kiv nq|
wekl cwiwwZi wekl AvBb Ges cyibv GwfW Av -Gi mwjb m
grmKbv gvbyli Avkvfi KviY nqQ| cKZ cve, cqvRb wQj
wekl msw Av`vjZ hv wbw` mgqmxgvi ga mviv `k wekl bxwZgvjv
AbymiY Ki wePviKvhi mgvw NUvZv| bbZg kvw cvIqvi Rb kvw
KwgwU ev ivRvKvi cfwZ evwnbxi m`m cgvwbZ nIqvB h_ wQj| Gici Kg
Abyhvqx dj fvM KiZv| ZvQvov IwmK Zz Ki dzUv PvRwkU ev dvBbvj
wicvU msMni myhvM wePviK cnmb cwiYZ Ki|
7. gywRei mvgev`x gvbwmKZv : wbRi cwZc GgbwK kci
jvKKI gv I D`viZv c`kb gywRei AKz AvMn Zvi wdDWvj Pwi
ewkwU Ki Zzj| GB wdDWvj Pwiewk wQj dRjyj nKiI|
AZB kcK gv KiZb| evsjv`ki KwlwfwK mgvR _K GB `yB
bZviB Avwefve nIqvi Gu`i ewMZ Pwi Ges ivRbwZK AvPiY wdDWvj
ewk memgqB wQj cKU|68 gywRe Pwii GB wekl ewki KviYB meyi
Lvb, gvngy` Avjx, kvn AvwRR, LvRv LqiDwb, gwkDi ingvb, ivwRqv dqR
mn AbKB gyw cvIqv mn bvbv Acvc myweav fvM KiQb| G Gj LwZei
fvlvq,
gywRe gwi Pq `q vivB ewk PvwjZ nZb| wZwb iM MjI
kxNB gv KiZb Ges Kviv Dci ivM KijI wZwb `qv w`q wZciY
KiZb|... gywReK hviv evSvbvi mwVK cvwU RvbZb Zviv cvqB hKvbv KvR Zuvi KvQ _K nvwmj KivZ cviZ|69

68
69

Ave`yj Mvd&dvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cuPvi, c~ev, cv 80

G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 127-28

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

95

48

96

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

fvI ejwQj h, Bgvkbvj GcvP gywReK Kvey Kiv hvq|70

gywRe nqZv PqQb, `k hnZz ^vaxb nqQ mnZz me bvMwiKB
meiKg wef` fzj GK nq `kMovi KvR KiK| wZwb ejZb :

cLvZ fviZxq mvsevw`K Kj`xc bvqviK 1972 mvji 26 Gwcj `qv

GK mvvrKvi gywRe ejwQjb :

hw` GK fvB `vjvj Zv Avi GK fvB gywhvv| cZK cwieviB

wZM| Avwg Zv`i wZ evovZ PvB bv|71

Avgiv hw` Lyb alY Ges jyUZivRi gZv Acivai kvw c`vb bv Kwi
Ze AvRvwZK m`vq Avgv`i KLbI gv Kie bv|

8. ewntkwi Pvc : kL gywRe I

Mvd&dvi Payixi ga AbywZ GK

mvvrKvii eYbvq Rvbv hvq, AZ `vjvj`i cvji Mv`v`i Qo bv`Iqvi Rb Rbve Payixi Abyivai Reve gywRe nm ejb :
bv, Zv nq bv| mKjKB Qo w`Z ne| Avgvi G Avmb emj ZvgvKI Zv-B
KiZ nZ| Avwg Zv PqwQjvg beB nvRvi cvwKvbx mb`i Qo w`q
AZ 192 Rb hyvcivax Awdmvii wePvi KiZ| ZvI ciwQ wK? Avwg GKUv
QvU AbybZ `ki bZv| Pvwiw`K DbZ I eo kwi Pvc| BQv _vKjB wK
72
Avi me KvR Kiv hvq?

1973 mvji RvbyqvwiZ IqvwksUb cv cwKvq jyBm Gg mvBg

jLb :
gvwKb hyiv I eUb gywReK GB gg Dc`k w`qQ h, 73 nvRvi
mvgwiK I 20 nvRvi emvgwiK ewi wePvi nj cvwKvbi cwmWU
RyjwdKvi Avjx fzv bxwZ cvwKvwb RbMvx wbq gnvmgmvq co
hveb Ges GwU Dcgnv`ki kvw AvjvPbvK gvivKfve web Kie|

ay ZvB bq, gymwjg `kmgn hviv wKbv evsjv`k cvwKvwb

mbvevwnbxi MYnZv I AcivaKg PjvKvjxb mgq mvbvi ^iUzKz ch
ei Kibwb, Zviv 195 Rb hyew`i fvM mK DwM nq cojb-hv`i
wei hyKvjxb Acivai AwfhvM wQj|73 Gi PqI iZcyY welq
njv cvwKvb AevbiZ evOvwj`i fvM hyew`i fvMi mv_ mgw^Z
nq co |
26 gvP 1975 ^vaxbZv w`em Dcj mvnivIqv`x D`vb c` GK
fvlY AZ ew_Z K gywRe ejb :
Avwg cwZkwZ w`qwQjvg hyvcivax`i wePvi Kie| Avwg cwZkwZ f
KiwQ| Avwg Zv`i wePvi Kwiwb| Avwg Zv`i gv KiwQ| Kbbv Avwg
70
71
72

73

Ave`yj Mvd&dvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cuPvi, c~ev, cv 42

G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 129
Ave`yj Mvd&dvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cuPvi, c~ev, cv 14
cmg, meB AvmgcbKvix mbvi msLv 93 nvRvi Ges hyvcivaxi msLv 195
DwjwLZ
G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 192

74

Gwkqv Ges weki ezZ PqwQjvg|

A_P mB gywReB Pvwiw`K DbZ I eo kwi Pvci myLxb nq Gwkqv

I weki ezZi Avkvq cwZkwZ f Kib|
9. cvwKvb AvUK evOvwj cZcY : mvgwiK-emvgwiK PvKzwi I Abvb
cqvRb wecyjmsLK evOvwj cwievi ivRavbxmn cwg cvwKvbi wewfb
vb emevm KiZ| hyi KviY Zv`i AbKB AvUKv cob| fzv miKvi
G`i cZcYi welqwU Zv`i 93 nvRvi mwbKi cZcYi m kZhy
Ki| GRbI hyew``i wePvii welq Qvo w`Z nq ej ejv nq _vK|
welqwU nqZv mZ, wK cwZwU jb`bB mvaviYZ fvimvg iv Ki mb
nq| G Kx Zv nqQ?
10. hyew``i fiY-cvlY eq : AvmgcYi ci cvwKvwb evwnbxi
m`m`i fviZ AvUK ivLv nq| hy PjvKvwjb mgq cvq GK KvwU
kiYv_xK euvwPq ivLvi Rb fviZ-miKvi Avw_K-mvgvwRK Pvci myLxb nq|
1972 -Gi Livq fviZ kmi Drcv`b (15 wgwjqb Ub) nvm cvq| ZvQvov
Zji gjew fviZK A_bwZK msKUi myLxb Ki| me wgj hyew``i
fiY-cvlY fviZi Rb Amn-evSv nq `uvovq| wbR `k Bw`iv GRb
mgvjvPbvi wkKvi nb| ZvB fviZ welqwUi `Z wbw Kvgbv KiwQj|
`vjvj I hyew``i gv Kivi cQb nqZv AviI KviY AvQ hv GLbI
Rvbv me nqwb| Avkv Kwi MelKMY fwelZ Zv LuyR ei Kieb| wK
KviY hv-B _vK, wekl Ki I`i viv mivmwi wZM cwievii m`miv
Kvbvw`bB Zv mnRfve be bv| cwZwU 25 gvP ev 14 wWm^i G`iK
Akwm Kie| cZvKvi jvj is me`v G`i kvK-wenj Kie| `vjvj I
`vjvj`i Dimyix`i (eskMZ I ivRbwZK) evwo-MvwoZ hZw`b RvZxq
cZvKv Doe ZZw`b 26 gvP ev 16 wWm^i Zv`i KvQ Avb`i w`b ne bv|
evsjv`k hZw`b ^vaxb _vKe ZZw`bB ivRvKvi Avje`i`i ckwU Avme|
G`i wePvi Ki ci hw` D`viZv `wLq gvI Kiv nZ ZeyI mvbvi GKUv
welq _vKZ| wZxq wekhy Kvji Acivaxiv hw` AvRI wePvii myLxb nq
Ze G mgmv nIqvq K_v bq| `vjvj ev `vjvj`i wePvi cmwUK KD
KD RvZxq HKi wef` mwi cqvm wnme mgvjvPbv Ki _vKb| G cm
ay GZUzKz ejv-B h_ h, Eb-mii MY-Av`vjb, mii wbevPb,
74

G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 192

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

97

GKvii AmnhvM I ^vaxbZv hy Mo DVv HKB cKZ RvZxq HK|

gywgq `vjvj hgb Gi wei wQj, AvRI ZvB _vKe| RvwZ, ^vaxbZv,
Dbqb welq I`i Kvb fwgKv _vKZ cvi bv| I`i ev` w`qB cKZ
RvZxq HK| G welq ck Dvcb, ^vaxbZvK A^xKvi Kivi mgvb Aciva|
gv NvlYvi ciI miKvwi MRU AvMvcbKvix `vjvj`i AvmgcY
Kivi wb`k Ab_vq mw evRqv Kivi nywkqvwi Rvwbq ^iv gYvjq _K
Rvwi-Kiv mgb cKvwkZ nZ _vK| 19 RyjvB 1974 `vjvwji AwfhvM
mywcgKvU RbK nvwdR kvn gvnv`K hvexeb Kviv` `wZ Ki| 11
AvM 1975 GKB AwfhvM 6 Rbi bvMwiKZ evwZj Kiv nq|75 GZ eySv
hvq 31 wWm^i 1975 wRqv KZK `vjvj Av`k evwZj Kivi cech eevMnY PjwQj| ZvQvov Gme Acivai wePvi hnZz mvaviY AvBbI me mnZz
cybt wePviKvh Kiv hvq| Rvnvbviv Bgvgi bZZ NvZK-`vjvj wbgj KwgwU
KZK KZ Mvjvg Avhgi wePviK ea wnme MY Kiv nqQ| myZivs
Ab`i ejvqI Zv nZ cvi| Rvbv MQ, RbK avivevwnKfve mB
ivRvKvi cwZe`b cKvk DrmvwnZ nq nvwmbvi miKvi ivRvKvi`i GKwU
nvj bvMv` ZvwjKv cZi wmv wbqvwQj| GKB mv_ I`i AZxZ
KvhKjvc, bksmZv, eZgvb Aevb cfwZ msewjZ ewwfwK dvBj76 gvV
chvq _K XvKvq cvVvbvi Rb Mvq`v msvK `vwqZ `qv nqwQj| beMwVZ gywhvv gYvjqi GUvB nZ cvi cavb KvR| mvaviY gvi dj
^vaxbZvi PZbv fjywZ nqQ| `vjvjiv ivgZvq cwZwZ nqQ|
evsjv`k KvhZ cvwKvwb fveavivq icvwiZ nqQ| AavcK gvqyb
AvRv`i fvlvq b`y`i nvZ co `kwU eQi eQi AwaKZi
evOjvvb nq DVQ|
`vjvj`i wePvi msv NUbvcw :
Rvbyhvwi 4 :
17 :
24 :

1972

cvwKvwb bvgi mKj msv I mwgwZ evwZj NvlYv|

54 `vjvji mw vK I Zv`iK nvwRi nIqvi wb`k|
evsjv`k `vjvj wekl UvBeybvj Aav`k 1972 (wc.I. bs 8)
Rvwi|
29 : MYnZv, m`i wZ I Aciva Z`i Rb KwgwU/KvDwj
MVb|
deqvwi 9 : cvwKvwb `vjvj bij Avgxb, nvwg`yj nK Payix Lvb G. meyi,
75
76

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, eezi mgqKvj,c~ev cv 95

mB ivRvKvi, c~ev, cv 289-90

49

98

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Mvjvg Avhg, kvn AvwRR cgyL 15 RbK divi NvlYv Ges

Zv`i mw vK|
17 : 54 Rb cvwKvwb `vjvji mw vK|
18 : evsjv`k cwiZ mw Dvi Av`k Rvwi|
22 : Lvb G. meyi MdZvi|
gvP 1 : cvwKvwb Lybx Rbvij wUv-wbqvwR Ms`i Aciva Z`i
Rb wekl msv wbqvM|
29 : `vjvj`i wePvii Rb 73wU wekl UvBeybvj NvlYv|
Ryb 5 : gywhyi weivwaZvKvix 4 Rb iv`Zmn 8 Rb KUbxwZK
eiLv|
8 : Kzwqvi wekl UvBeybvj `vjvwji `vq ivRvKvi wPKb Avjxi
gZz`|
17 : `ybxwZevR, `vjvj I cvwKvb-gbv miKvwi KgPvix`i evQvB
Kivi Rb wwbs evW MVb|
29 : `vjvwji `vq mveK cecvwKvbi WcywU xKvi AvmMi
nvmbi 8 eQii mkg Kviv` I 10 nvRvi UvKv Rwigvbv|
RyjvB 05 : nvbv`vi`i DcwbevPb Ask bqvi `vq wcwWwc mn-mfvcwZ
bij Bmjvg Payixi 2 gvmi mkg Kviv`|
14 : `vjvwji AwfhvM Lyjbvq 5 Rbi hvexeb Kviv`|
17 : knx` eywRxex knx`yjvn& KvqmviK nZvi `vq RvgvqvZ
Bmjvgx bZv Avyj LvjKK 7 eQi mkg Kviv` I 10 nvRvi
UvKv Rwigvbv|
31 : `vjvj AvBb mskvabi Rb AvIqvgx jxMi mycvwik| (29
AvM 1972 `vjvj AvBb mskvab Av`k Rvwi)| 1 m^i
1972 evsjv`k wbavwiZ Aciva (wekl UvBeybvj mskvabx)
Av`k Rvwi| 17 RyjvB 1973 RvZxq msm` AvRvwZK
Aciva (UvBeybvj) wej cvm|
m^i 1 : cvwKvb AvUK evOvwj`i Rxebi wbivcv weavbi `vweZ
mviv wek kL gywRei Ave`b|
27 : gywhyweivax kvwKwgwUi m`m I Kgx`i MdZvii
wb`k|
Avei 5 : knx` AavcK W. AvRv`K nZvi `vq 3 Rb Avje`ii
gZz`|
bf^i 4 : msweavb ag wbq ivRbxwZ iwnZ KiY|

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

5:
19 :
25 :
30 :

wWm^i 15:
:
Rvbyqvwi 3 :
6:
deqvwi 10
Gwcj 17 :
21 :
24 :
g 16 :
Ryb 29 :
30 :
RyjvB 4 :
18 :
AvM 31 :
bf^i 30 :

99

`vjvwji AwfhvM ivRkvnx wekwe`vjqi mveK DcvPvh W.

mvv` nvmbi wei PvRwkU `vwLj|
`vjvwji AwfhvM wUv Lvbi Mfbi Wv. gvwjKi hvexeb
Kviv`|
`vjvj gx RwmgDwbi hvexeb Kviv`|
RvwZmsN AvUK evOvwj I cvwKvwb hyew``i gyw-wewbgq
cve MnY| 28 AvM 1973 w`wjZ AvUK evOvwj I
cvwKvwb hyew` wewbgq Pzw ^vi|
evsjv`k bvMwiKZ AvBb Rvwi|
`vjvj gx iRvKvi evwnbxi RbK gvIjvbv BDmydi hvexeb
Kviv`|
1973
4 Rb wmGmwcmn 9 Rb c` KgKZv AcmvwiZ|
knx` mvsevw`K bvRgyj nKK AcniYi AwfhvM RbK
Lwjji hvexeb Kviv`|
: `vjvj gx G Gm Gg mvjvqgvb I bRvg Bmjvg bZv
gvIjvbv BmnvKi hvexeb Kviv`|
wekl UvBeybvj 195 Rb hyvcivaxi wePvi Kivi wmv|
bij Avwgb, nvwg`yj nK Payix, Mvjvg Avhgmn 39 Rb
cvwKvwb `vjvji bvMwiKZ evwZj|
`vjvj gx Ievq`yjvn gRyg`vii hvexeb Kviv`|
`vjvj AvBb Awfhy ev mvRvcv KqK kYxi jvKi cwZ
kZ mvc gv c`kb|
mvsevw`K wmivRywb nvmbi AcniY gvgjvq RbK ivRvKvi
Lwjji hvexeb Kviv`|
knx` AavcK gybxi Payixi nZv gvgjvq 2 Rbi hvexeb
Kviv`|
mvsevw`K wbRvgywb AcniY gvgjvi ivq 2 Rbi hvexeb
Kviv`|
KvivMvi ew` Aevq `vjvj dRjyj Kv`i Payixi gZz|
wekl UvBeybvj ivRvKvi gybvi gZz`|
`vjvj AvBb AvUK I mvRvcv mKj Avmvwgi cwZ mvaviY gv
NvlYv|
1974

50

100

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Gwcj 1 :
10 :
RyjvB 19 :
AvM 11 :

`vjvwj I binZvi `vq ewikvj 15 ewi hvexeb Kviv`|

fviZ-evsjv`k-cvwKvbi gaKvi Pzw Abyhvqx 195 Rb
cvwKvwb hy-AcivaxK gv NvlYv|
mywcgKvU KZK `vjvwji AwfhvM RbK nvwdR kvn&
gvnv`i hvexeb Kviv` envj |
`vjvwji AwfhvM 6 Rbi bvMwiKZ evwZj|

1975
wWm^i 31 : wRqv KZK `vjvj AvBb evwZj NvlYv|77

77

NUbvcwi Z_vewj W. gvnv` nvbbvb, wmivR D``xb Avng`, gRi (Ae.) iwdKzj
Bmjvg I nvwjg `v` Lvbi c~ev Mmgn _K MnY Kiv nqQ

hyvcivax-`vjvj`i wePvi

101

wewfb evwnbxi Rb I AcKg

QvjxM
1947 mvji ga-AvM mvgvRev`x wewUk miKvi KZK fviZ fvM Ki
cvwKvb mwi cvvj evsjvq gymwjgjxM-cx QvjxMi bZv wQjb kvn
AvwRRyi ingvb| wK m-mgq ewMZfve Qv bv-_vKvq Ges wbR KjKvZvq
evm Kivq wZwb cvwKvbi ceevsjvq QvjxM Mo Zvjvq AvMnx nb wb|
GgZvevq 4 Rvbyqvwi 1948 kL gywReyi ingvb, Awj Avnv` cgyL XvKvq
QvjxMK cybMwVZ Kib| ci gywRe I Awj Avnv`i ga gZweiva nIqvq
`yRb `yB ivRbwZK K` Aevb bb|
wewfb mgq QvjxMi `y-PviRb bZv-Kgx Gw`K-Iw`K MjI msMVb
wnme Zv memgq gywRei mv_B wQj| 1966 mvj 6-`dvK K` Ki
AvIqvgx jxM wav-wef nq| Ave`ym mvjvg Lvb, L`Kvi gvkZvK cgyLi
bZZ cexb AvIqvgx jxMviiv 6 `dvi weivwaZv Kib| QvjxMB ZLb
mviv`k cPvi Ki 6 -`dvK Rbwcq Ki Zvj| 1969 Gi MY-Afzvb,
1970 -Gi wbevPb, 1971 -Gi AmnhvM Av`vjb QvjxMi fwgKv Abb|
23 gvP 1971 cwZiva w`em ^vaxb evsjvi cZvKv Dvjbmn ^vaxbZvi c
m mgqKvi bvbvwea KvRKg QvjxM iZcY Ae`vb ivL| QvjxMi lvUi
`kKi bZe`i1 ga wmivRyj Avjg Lvb ivRbwZK covkvbvi cwZ ek
AvMnx wQjb| Abw`K, kL dRjyj nK gwY memgq KwZcq ZiY AvIqvgx
jxMvi`i wbq `j cwie nq _vKZ fvjvevmZb| gywRei fvM wnme
wZwb me cvwaKvi `vwe KiZb| gywhyi mgq gywRebMi miKvi KZK
1

1960-72 ch QvjxMi mfvcwZ I mvaviY mv`K`i ZvwjKv wbic :

Kvj
mfvcwZ
mvaviY mv`K
1960-63 kvn& gvqvg nvmb
kL dRjyj nK gwY
1963-65 Ievq`yi ingvb, K Gg
wmivRyj Avjg Lvb
1965-67 mq` gvRnvij nK evKx
Ave`yi ivvK
1967-68 di`m Avng` Kvikx
Ave`yi ivvK
1968-69 Ave`yi iDd
Lvj` gvnv` Avjx
1969-70 Zvdvqj Avng`
Avmg Ave`yi ie
1970-72 bi Avjg wmwKx
kvRvnvb wmivR

51

102

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

wewfb evwnbxi Rb I AcKg

101

Kvbvic cvwaKvi bv cvIqvq wZwb wez wQjb Ges mRb miKvi Z_v
cavbgx ZvRDwbK Kvbvic mnvqZvZv KibB wb eis me KvR weivwaZv
KiQb| ay ZvB bq, fviZxq i -Gi mnhvwMZvq Gme bZe`|
gywevwnbxi cvkvcvwk (ev cvv) gywRe evwnbx Mo Zvjb|
^vaxbZvi ci 21 g 1972 c_g WvKmy wbevPb cv_x gbvbqbK2 K`
Ki QvjxMi Pvi Lwjdv Ges Zv`i mg_K wejy gywReevwnbxi m`miv
`yfvM wef nq co| wmwKx-gvLbi `j kL gwY Ges ie-wmivRi `j
wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi Avkxev` jvf Ki| wK Dfq `ji cv_xB Qv
BDwbqbi cv_x`i wbKU civRq eiY Ki|
Aw`bi eeavb AbywZ ivRkvnx wekwe`vjq K`xq Qv msm` (ivKmy)
wbevPbI QvjxM Qv BDwbqbi wbKU civwRZ nq| Gici mviv`k zjKjR Qv msm` wbevPb Qv BDwbqbi Rqi wnwoK co hvq| Dchycwi GB
civRq QvjxMi gaKvi AvZ, va I Avvk AviI evwoq `q| Dfq
`j gywRei mg_b jvfi Avkvq wbR`i kw cixvq AeZxY nq| 20-23
RyjvB 1972 AvnZ nq QvjxMi Dfq `ji RvZxq mjb| wmwKx-gvLb
mvnivIqv`x D`vb I ie-wmivR cb gq`vb mjbi g vcb Ki|
Dfq `ji cvvi cavb AwZw_/ DvaK wnme kL gywRei bvg cPvi Kiv
nq|
kZ Rbv-Kbvi Aemvb NwUq kL gywRe mvnivIqv`x D`vbi mjb
hvM `b| Avb` DjwmZ Kgxiv ^vaxbZv GbwQ, gywReev` Avbe vMvb
mjbvb gyLwiZ Ki Zvj| ^fveZ GivB gywReev`3 Kvqgi AwaKvi
cvq| mjb kL kwn`yj BmjvgK mfvcwZ I Gg. G. iwk`K mvaviY
mv`K Ki gywReev`x QvjxMi KwgwU MwVZ nq|
Aciw`K, cb mjb AvqvRbKvixiv gywReK wbZ e_ nq Zuvi
weK wnme gywhy knx` QvjxM bZv ^cbi wcZvK w`q mjb Dvab
Kivq| Giv gywReev`i wecixZ evwbK mgvRZK4 j NvlYv Ki|
2
3

WvKmy mn-mfvcwZ I mvaviY mv`K c` kL knx`yj Bmjvg I gwbij nK Payix

wmwKx gvLbi Ges Avdg gvneyeyj nK I Rij Bmjvg ie-wmivRi mg_b jvf Kib
RvZxqev` (evOvwj), MYZ (msm`xq), agwbicZv I mgvRZ GB PviwU gj
bxwZK Zviv gywReev` NvlYv Ki| gywReev` Kvqg cm ^qs gywRe ejwQjb, hw`
GUv KiZ PvI, Ze Avgvi gZzi ciB Kviv| DZ: G.Gj. LwZe, c~ev, cv 144
wmivRyj Avjg LvbB c_g gywReev`i cev wnme AvwefZ nb| wK QvjxMi
wefwZ gywRe Aci cK mg_b `qvi dj Rbve Lvbi c gywReev` cwZvi Avi
myhvM bv _vKvq wZwb RvZxqZvev` Qo mgvRZ `xwZ nb| ay ZvB bq, gvKmi
AbyKiY `uvwo iL, j^v Pzj iL (gvqyb AvRv`i PvL hvK AvRKvj fMevb
iRwbki gZv `Lvq) wZwb mg_K`i ga wbRK `v`v wnme cwZwZ Kib| GLb
Aek wZwb cybgwlK nq evOvwj RvZxqev`i Dci MelYv Ki eB jL I eQii
AwaKvsk mgq ^ci AvgwiKvq evm KiZB ^Q` eva Kib

51

102

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Avdg gvneyeyj nKK mfvcwZ I kixd bij Avw^qvK mvaviY mv`K Ki

MwVZ nq G-`ji KwgwU|
`ywU wfb vb mjb Abyvb I `ywU KwgwU Kivi gaw`q QvjxMi
wefw Pov nq| `y-`ji msNl cvb bZv Ave`yi ivvK I Avmg Ave`yi
ie mn kZvwaK bZv-Kgx AvnZ nq| msNl g mviv`k Qwoq co| Gfve
kL gwY I wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi ewZi msNvZ c_g bZZi Kv`j I
ci Av`kMZ cwiYZ nq| wekl gnj GB wefwK evsjv`ki fwelr
ivRbxwZZ welei Aziv`Mg weePbv Ki kwZ nb | A_P gywRe Kb G
Kjn wgwUq bv w`q WvKmyZ `ywU cvbj nZ w`jb ev QvjxMi `ywU mjb
nZ w`jb A_ev wbR GKvski mjb hvM w`q wefwi Avb NZvwZ
w`jb Zv KviI evaMg nqwb|
w`b hZ hvwQj, `k mgmv ZZ evowQj| mB mv_ KgwQj AvIqvgx jxM
I gywRei RbwcqZv| AvIqvgx-cwievii GKvsk `j Qo evwbK
mgvRZi vMvb w`q Rvm` MVb Kij Zv nq DV gywRe-weivax`i K^i
I AvkqK`| GB bZzb `j I Gi ivRbxwZ XvKv wekwe`vjqmn mKj
wkvcwZvbI Rbwcq nq DV|
^vaxbZvi ci AbywZ c_g WvKmy wbevPb QvjxM wefw I Qv
BDwbqbi mgvRZi vMvb djvdj wbaviY gyL fwgKv cvjb Ki| wK
weRqx Qv-BDwbqb bvbv KviY Zv`i RbwcqZv ai ivLZ cviwb, Dci
miKvii we-wUg wnme AvLvwqZ nq| 1973 mvj WvKmy wbevPb QvjxM I
Qv BDwbqb h_ cvbj `q| wK ZvZI kliv nqwb| wbevPb civRqi
mvebv Abygvb Ki KwZcq kcvwY QvjxM Kgx knx`yjvn nj mn KqKwU
nji evjUev wQbZvB Ki| wbevPbi djvdj Ko bqvi wkv Zviv
cqwQj gj `j AvIqvgx jxMi KvQ _KB, 7 gvPi (1973) c_g RvZxq
msm` wbevPb| XvKv wekwe`vjq `Lj _vKj mviv`k `Lj _vKe ZZ
wekvmx nq gvbvqg Lvb Dcvvh Imgvb Mwbi mnvqZvq Gb Gm Gd-K w`q
XvKv wekwe`vjq `Lj ivLvi Pv Ki| QvjxMI H `Lj-Z wekvmx nq
evjU wQbZvB Ki Rqx nIqvi e_ Pv Ki| G NUbv MYZK cki myLxb
Kiv QvovI kvmK`ji I Zv`i wg`i `Iwjqvcbv RbmgyL DbvwPZ Ki|
GLvbB kl bq, wewk mvsevw`K Mvddvi Payixi fvlvq :
Gici cuvPB Gwcji mB wefxwlKvgq w`bwU|
gvSivZi evkdvqvi wbnZ njb QvjxMi mvZRb bZv| Zv`i ga
GKRb Kvwnbi wQjb kL Kvgvji ewMZ ez| Re iUj, Giv kL

wewfb evwnbxi Rb I AcKg

103

gwYi m hvM w`q cvv QvjxM MVb Kivi cwZ wbwQjb Ges cavb
Mci m GKUv mk msNli RbI cZ nwQjb|5

GB nZvKvi NUbvq RwoZ _vKvi AwfhvM QvjxMi mvaviY mv`K

kwdDj Avjg cavbK cywjk 7 Gwcj 1974 MdZvi Ki|6 (Zvdvqji
gv_vi DciI MdZvwi civqvbv SzjQ ej XvKvq Re wQj)| ci 26
RyjvB 26 Rb QvjxM bZvi wei PvRwkU `qv nq| `jxq bZvi MdZvii
cwZev` QvjxMi GKvsk Av`vjb i Ki| ZvRyj Bmjvgi bZZ cavbmg_Kiv 10-12 Gwcj AvIqvgx jxM Awdm Abkb Ki|
BZvce 6 m^i 1973 XvKv wekwe`vjq 4 Rb QvK wj Ki nZv
Kiv nq| gjZ QvjxMi `yB `j I G`i AfixY i djB Gme
nZvKv msNwUZ nq| 19 Gwcj 1974 XvKv wekwe`vjqi Rij nK nj
cywjk Zjvwk Pvwjq cavb-mg_Ki KvQ _K cPzi cwigvY hyv Dvi Ki|
Gi AvM 11 Ryb wewfb nj _K 2 jvL ivD wj Dvi Kiv nq|7 ejvB
evj, `kK AwwZkxj Kivi Rb AbKvbv `yZKvixi cqvRb wQj bv,
GK QvjxMB GRb h_ wQj| G`i Gme Kvhvewj gywReK RbMY _K
g wewQb I j Ki dj|
gywReevwnbx
25 gvP 1971 ivZ hyMcr cvKevwnbxi AvgY I exi evOvwji cwZiva i
nq| wK AvgYi cPZvq wUKZ bv ci g cwZivaKvixiv c_g
Mvgvj I ci fviZxq mxgvi Icvi Avkq MnY Ki| GQvov wecyj
msLK jvK mxgv AwZg Ki kiYv_x nq|
g gvmi ZZxq mvn fviZxq mbvevwnbxi mnvqZvq gywevwnbxi cwkY
i nq| GK j MwijvK cwkY I A `qvi jgvv wi nq| Imgvbx
ivRbwZK mPZb Qj`i wizU Kivi AwaKvi w`q Gwcj gvm ivvK,
ZvdvqjK A_vivBRkb jUvi `b| Avqx ivcwZ mq` bRij Bmjvg
gwmfvK Gwoq wizwUs QvovI Zv`i GKwU mk evwnbx MVb, Gi Uwbs I

52

104

cwiPvjbvi AwaKvi8 c`vb Kib| Gme myhvM MnY Ki Zviv gywRe evwnbx
bvg Avjv`v GKwU evwnbx Mo Zvjb|
fviZ Gm QvjxMi mveK I eZgvb AvU w`Kcvj9 Mvq`v msv
wimvP Gv GbvjvBwmm DBs (RAW) -Gi wekl mgv`i jvf Kib| i-Gi
mv_ ce _KB Zv`i, wekl Ki kL gwYi jwe wQj ej kvbv hvq|
Di c`ki `iv`yb UvbWvIqv I Avmvgi nvdjs -G gywReevwnbxi
m`m`i cwkY `qv nq| cwkY, evmvb, Lv`, cvkvK mn hveZxq
im`i hvMvb i-Gi gvag `qv nZ| Ryb _K bf^i ch cwkY
Kvhg Pvjy wQj| cwkY I hyKkj cYqbi `vwqZ wQjb fviZi
(AevnwZcv) gRi Rbvij myRb wms Devb|10
fviZ-miKvi gywReevwnbx MVb-msv wmv gywRebMi miKvii KvQ
Mvcb ivL| cwkY mgvcbv c_g `j ewiq Avmj G`i bvgKiY nq
evsjv`k wjevikb dvm, ci gywReevwnbx| ZLbB Rvbv hvq, Giv Avjv`v
Kgv Pje; mkevwnbx cavb Kbj Imgvbx, GgbwK evsjv`k miKviiI
G`i Dci Kvbv wbqY _vKe bv|11 Giv miKvi bq, kL gwYi cwZ
AvbyMZi kc_ MnY Ki| kvnRvnvb wmivRi wicvU gZ :
... miKvi MVbi i nZ cvq ^vaxbZv msMvgi kl ch evsjv`k
miKvi I gywReevwnbxi ga Kvbv cKvi mivmwi hvMvhvM wQj bv| fviZmiKvii mnhvwMZvq cvb QvjxM bZv`i Avcb Pvq gywReevwnbx
Uwbs I Abvb myhvMmyweav jvf KiwQj|12

G cm evwivi Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg ejb :

RvwZ hLb mYfve GKwU bZZi cQb HKe I Avvevb ZLb
hyekwK ivRbwZK bZZ _K wewQb Kiv ev wef` mwi cPv
gywhyi hgb mnvqK nqwb, Zgwb ci `k cybMVbi KvRI Aivq
wnme KvR KiQ|13
8
9

5
6

Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cuPvi, c~ev, cv 40

gymwjg jxM bZv ivRvKvi MwgiDwb cavbi Qj kwdDj Avjg cavb wRqvi mvgwiKkvmbvgj wbtkZ gywjvf Ki wmivR wkK`vii Kei cyeK w`q bZzb ivRbwZK
hvv i Ki Ges wKQyw`b ci evqZzj gvKviig mvbvi `vKvb jyU KiZ wMq aiv co
KqK eQi Rj LvU| [W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm,
(eezi mgqKvj) c~ev cv 52-53]| DjL, GB cavb 30 gvP 1974 QvjxMi
D`vM cb Rbmfv Ki MvRx Mvjvg gvdv, Avwe`yi ingvb cgyL 23 Rb AvIqvgx
jxM, hyejxM I eemvqxi wei `ybxwZi AwfhvM Zzj Zv`i wePvi `vwe Ki
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, eezi mgqKvj, c~ev cv 51

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

10

11
12
13

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm gywhy ce, c~ev, cv 273

kL dRjyj nK gwY, wmivRyj Avjg Lvb, Ave`yi ivvK, Zvdvqj Avng`, Avmg Avyi
ie, bi Avjg wmwKx, kvnRvnvb wmivR I Ave`yj Kzm
y gvLb| GB AvU Qv bZv
wbR`i gywRei gbvbxZ cwZwbwa `vwe KiZb| Ze bi Avjg wmwKx cg I weqZ
Rwoq gywhyi Kvhg _K wewQb nq cowQjb
wZeZ wbq Pxb-fviZ weivai mgq wZeZx hyeK`i Mwijv Uwbs w`q Pxb mvmev`x
Kvhg cwiPvjbvq R.Ievb wekl wnme KgiZ wQjb| fviZxq wgRv I bvMv
we`vnx`i bvkKZv cwZivai `vwqZI wZwb KgiZ wQjb
gC`yj nvmvb, gjaviv 1971, BDwcGj, XvKv, 1986, cv,77-80
kvnRvb wmivR, mvaviY mv`Ki KvhweeiYx, evsjv`k QvjxM, 1972, cv 33-34
Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, KvMR cKvkbv, 1991, cv 66

wewfb evwnbxi Rb I AcKg

105

gywReevwnbxi bZviv `vwe Kib 1. mkevwnbx Mo-Zvjvi evcvi

GKgv ZvivB kL gywRei gbvbxZ cwZwbwa 2. AvIqvgx jxMi cavb bZviv
gywhy bZZ w`Z e_ nj ZvivB weK bZZ `eb| 3. evsjv`ki
gywhy Kvbv KviY `xNvwqZ nj GZ evgcx`i cfve ew cZ cvi,
ZvnjI G`i gvKvejvq cvv kw ne GB gywReevwnbx|14 fviZ miKvi
meZ GK ev mKj wWg bv-ivLvi Rb gywReevwnbx mwi wmv bq|
DjL weGmGd-Gi cavb igwR gywReevwnbx MVbi Zxe cwZev` Kib|
wK Zuvi cwZev` kl ch Mvn nqwb|15 gywRe evwnbx m^i-Avei
`ki Afi cek Ki| wK cvK nvbv`vi evwnbxi wei hy Kivi
cwieZ Iiv gywevwnbxi A Ko bqv I AvbyMZ cwieZb Kivbv, Ab_vq
Zv`i mv_ msNl wj16 nIqvZ AwaK mwq wQj| Avgxi-Dj BmjvgI
^xKvi Kib :
mvgwiK evwnbxi mv_ gywRe evwnbxi, gywRe evwnbxi mv_ AwbqwgZ gywhvv
I ivRbwZK `ji bZv-Kgx`i LuywUbvwU weiva `Lv `q| Gme welq
AvIqvgx jxM KvhKix KwgwUi eVKI AvjvwPZ nq|17

G me wbq AvIqvgx jxMI Amvl `Lv `q Ges 21 I 27 Avei

KjKvZvq AbywZ `ywU mfvq Ave`yj gwgb ZvjyK`vi, kvgmyj nK, byij nK,
Ave`yj gvjK DwKj, Gg G. nvbvb cgyL bZv cKvk gywReevwnbxi KvhKjvc
mK AwfhvM Zvjb Ges G evwnbxK GK Kgvi Aaxb Avbvi Rvi `vwe
Kib|18 Imgvbx AvM gvm wizwUs-Gi Rb Gi bZv`i c` cvwaKvi
cZvnvi Kib Ges gywReevwnbxK wkNB Zuvi Kgvi Aaxb bv `Iqv nj
c`ZvMi gwK `b|19 wK Gmei wKQyB KvhKix nqwb| Dci ZvRDwbK
cavbgx c` _K mivZ bv-ci Zviv ZuvK nZvi cwiKbv20 Ki Ges
Kgvv ciY Ki| Dcvqvi bv `L ZvRDwb 22 Avei G-welq
gywReevwnbxi mg_K mq` bRiji DcwZ Bw`iv Mvxi KvQ mivmwi
AwfhvM Dvcb Kib| Bw`iv Mvx wW wc aiK G-welq ZvrwYK eev
bqvi wb`k `b Ges m gvZveK KjKvZvq GKwU wcxq eVK AbywZ
nq|
eVK fviZ-miKvii c gRi Rbvij we Gb miKvi I weMwWqvi
Dj , evsjv`k miKvii c ZvRDwb Avng` I Kbj Imgvbx Ges
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

gC`yj nvmvb, gjaviv 71, c~ev, cv 79

Avgxi-Dj-Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 66
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, gywhy ce, c~ev, cv 274-75
Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 95
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, gywhy ce, c~ev, cv 276
gC`yj nvmvb, gjaviv 71, c~ev, cv 80
gC`yj nvmvb, gjaviv 71, c~ev, cv 145

53

106

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

gywReevwnbxi c wmivRyj Avjg Lvb, Ave`yi ivvK I Zvdvqj Avng`

DcwZ wQjb| gywReevwnbx-c wbR`i AvIqvgx jxMi c K_v ejvi
GKgv AwaKvi `vwe Kivq eVK e_ nq|21 BZvceI wWwc ai Ges i-Gi
cavb ivgbv_ KvI -Gi mv_ gywReevwnbxi ^Z Kgv nZz gywhyi Rb
AcxwZKi I wZKi Z Kgv welq AvjvPbv nq| wK fviZxq ci
bxie-fwgKvq AvjvPbv e_ nq|22
gywReevwnbxi bZe` ay hydU bq, ivRbwZK dUI mgmv mw
Ki| Avgxi-Dj Bmjvgi fvlvq :
c_g _KB gwmfvi cwZ Avgv`i hye mgvRi GKUv Aski weic
gbvfve wQj| Zviv gywRebMi miKvii bZZ gb wbZ Abxnv cKvk
KiwQjb| hyeK`i GB Aski KvR wQj wewfbfve miKviK Ac` I
nqivwb Kiv| Zviv fviZi cavbgx wgmm Bw`iv Mvxi KvQ ch
gywRebMi miKvii bZZ mK Kzrmv I fzj Z_ cwiekb Ki|23

Ze GK chvq gywReevwnbxi AfiI i mw nq| kL gwY

msMVK, wmivRyj Avjg Lvb ZvwK| G `yBqi mg^q gywReevwnbx| wK kL
gywRei AbycwwZZ kL gwYi cwZ evwnbxi AvbyMZi AxKvii weivax nb
wmivRyj Avjg Lvb| i nq `yRbi ewZi jovB|
G mei gaw`qB mgq GwMq hvq| 16 wWm^i cvK nvbv`vi evwnbx
cavbgx ZvRDwbi AbyMZ wgevwnbxi wbKU AvmgcY Ki| XvKv ZLb
G`i cY wbqY| cveZ PMvgi gaw`q c_ wbavwiZ nIqvq gywReevwnbxi
XvKv cuQvZ ek wej^ nq hvq| Avi ZZY iwPZ nq hvq weRqi
BwZnvm, wbavwiZ nq hvq hvi hvi fwgKv| 26 wWm^i Rbvij Ievb XvKv
cuQvb| Gw`bB kL gwY gywReevwnbxi AwZ wejy NvlYv Kib| wejvc bv
Ki Kvbv DcvqI wQj bv| KviY Kzwgjv (gvLbi GjvKv) eZxZ mviv`k
gywReevwnbxi m`miv ZZw`b kc_ f Ki wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi AbyMZ nq
co|
gywReevwnbx hZ-bv hy KiQ, nZv KiQ Zvi Pq AbK ewk|
wmivRyj Avjg Lvb g RvZxqZvev`i evZveiY (cKZ cve bvrwmev`i
AbyKiY) gywReev` bvg GKwU gZev` Mo-Zvjvi cqvm cvb|
gywRe evwnbx gywRebMi miKviK Ac` I nqivwb Kiv ci `k
cybMVbi KvR Aivq wnme KvR Kiv QvovI gywRe I Zvi miKviK
21
22
23

gC`yj nvmvb, gjaviv 71, c~ev, cv 152

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm (gywhy ce), c~ev, cv 275
Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ c~ev, cv 73|

wewfb evwnbxi Rb I AcKg

107

RbMY _K wewQb KiZ eo fwgKv cvjb KiQ| Gi m`miv mekl

ixevwnbxZ I MYevwnbxZ wMq mebvki lvjvKjv cY KiQ|
ixevwnbx
gywRe bMi miKvii mivmwi wbqYvaxb gywevwnbx24 QvovI gywReevwnbx, (bvc,
Qv BDwbqb I KwgDwb cvwUi) mwwjZ Mwijv evwnbx, Kv`wiqv evwnbx,
ngvqZ evwnbxmn AviI wKQy z` z` evwnbx gywhy AskMnY Ki|
ivRbwZK `wfw I eevcbvi wfbZvi KviY wewfb evwnbxi gaKvi
cviwiK mKwU gayi wQj bv| hyi ci Gi Aviv AebwZ NU| cvavb
weviK K` Ki Kvbv Kvbv vb msNl ch Movq| vb vb wKQy
ZiY A nvZ gywhvv mR25 cwiwwZ RwUj Ki Zvj| 16 wWm^i
1971 cvKevwnbx AvmgcY Kivi mv_ mv_ evsjv`k wgevwnbx Z_v fviZxq
evwnbxi wbqYvaxb nq| kvw-kLjv iv wekl Ki cwZwnsmvgjK Kvhg
msMwVZ nZ bv-`qvi ecvi fviZxq evwnbx cksmbxq fwgKv cvjb Ki| wK
fviZxq evwnbxi GB wbqY gywhvv`i wekl Ki gywReevwnbxi cQ` nqwb|
Avqx ivcwZ I cavbgx XvKv cZveZb Ki mKj gywhvv`i A Rgv
w`q ^vfvweK Rxeb wdi hvIqvi Avnvb Rvbvb| gywReevwnbxi m`miv gywRe
wdi bv-Avmv ch A Rgv`vb A^xKwZ Rvbvq|26 AwaKvsk gywhvv A
Rgv`vbi ci Zv`i cwZ Aegjvqbi Avkv Ki| gywevwnbxi AQv
m`miv eKvi nq covi kvq fxZ nq| G me KviY A Rgv`vbi Avnvb
mvov RvMvZ e_ nq|
cavbgx ZvRDwb gywhy AskMnYKvix mKjK `k cwiPvjbvq
myhvM`vbi Rb RvZxq wgwjwkqv evwnbx MVbi NvlYv `b| ZvRDwbK
Pqvigvb Ki 11-m`mi RvZxq wgwjwkqv K`xq wbqY evW MVb Kiv
24

25

26

mvgwiK evwnbx, BwcAvi, cywjk, Avbmvi m`m`i wbq miKvi wbqwgZ evwnbx Ges QvhyeK, KlK-kwgK A_vr wmwfj m`m`i wbq MYevwnbx Mo Zzj| MYevwnbx
RbmvaviY gywevwnbx wnme cwiwPwZ jvf Ki| GjvKv-wekl Zv wdWg dvBUvi,
gywdR bvgI cwiwPwZ cvq| Ze mKj evwnbx m`m`i mvaviY cwiPq gywhvv
cv`vcmiY I cjvqbKvj cvKevwnbx I ivRvKvi cfwZ evwnbxi m`miv hZ A
dj `q| Gme hvMvo Ki wKQy ZiY 16 wWm^ii ci gywevwnbx mvR| AwPiB Giv
16k wWwfkb AvLv cvq
ci 24-31 Rvbyqvwii ga evNv Kv`i wmwKxi bZZ Kv`wiqv evwnbx, KgiW
gvnv` dinv`i bZZ mwwjZ Mwijv evwnbx I kL gwYi bZZ gywReevwnbxi A
gywRei nvZ mgcY Kiv nq| aviYvKZ jvwaK Ai ga wewfb aibi 30 nvRvi
A Rgv co| evBi _K hvIqv Aewk wecyj cwigvY A ci `k AivRKZv mwi
Dcv`vb wnme eeZ nq|

54

108

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

nq|27 evW AvIqvgx jxM, bvc, (Dfq `j), KwgDwb cvwU, KsMm QvovI
gywReevwnbxi cwZwbwa ivLv nq| wK klch G evWK KvhKix Kiv nq wb|
AvIqvgx jxM nqZv miKvwi KvR Ab `ji kwiKvbv Pvqwb| ci 8 gvP
1972 Mvg ixevwnbx wejy Ki RvZxq ixevwnbx MVbi Av`k Rvwi Kiv
nq| gvmKvibnvmi fvlvq :
... H evwnbxi mKj m`mB gywRei ewMZ AvbyMZ ^xKvi Ki kc_ MnY
KiZ| bvgUv Lye kwZgayi njI, Avmj GB evwnbx wQj GKaibi cvBfU
Avwgi gZv Ges wnUjvii bvrmx evwnbxi m Gi Lye GKUv Zdvr wQj bv|
cv_wgKfve ixevwnbxK cywjki mvnvhKvix kw wnme MVb Kiv nq|
gywevwnbxi (gywReevwnbxi) cyibv m`m`i ga _K evQvB Kiv 8 nvRvi
jvK wbq ixevwnbxi wfw vwcZ nq|28

22 Ryb 1972 XvKv kni A Zjvwk Awfhvbi gvag ixevwnbxi

ZrciZv i nq| G`i myhvM I Kvh mK ejv nq :
gywRei weivwaZv w`b w`b evoZ _vKj, wZwb mbvevwnbxi mwVK weK
wnme ixevwnbxi msLv evwoq 25 nvRi DbxZ Kib| Zv`iK
wgwjUvwi Uwbs, Avwg vBj cvlvK, wj njgU Ges AvaywbK ^qswq
Ak mwZ Kiv nq| Gi Awdmvie`i cvq mKjB wQj ivRbwZKfve
GKB gZv`ki mg_K| GB evwnbxK LvjvLywjfve gywRe Avi AvIqvgx
jxMi k GgbwK mgvjvPK`i wbabKg eenvi Kiv nwQj| GKmgq
ixevwnbx RbmvaviYi gb cKwZ mvmi mw KiZ mg nq|29

mgqvi AZvPvi-wbhvZb Ggb GK chvq cuQ h, G`i wjelYi

cwZev` gvBRw` KvU 9 Ryb 1973 niZvj cvwjZ nq| gRi Rbvij
kwdDjvn& RvbvQb :
`kevmxi ga hme mgmv weivR KiwQj, mvgwiK evwnbxi gaI Zv
cwZwqv mw Ki| ZvQvov mvgwiK evwnbxi m`m`i ga G gbvfve wQj
h, Zviv AenwjZ| Awdwmqvj Avwgi cvkvcvwk ixevwnbx MVb wbq Zv`i

27

28
29

evWi m`me` njb : ZvRDwb Avng` (cavbgx) 2. G GBP Gg Kvgvivgvb

(^iv gx) 3. gvIjvbv Avyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx (bvc) 4. gbvib ai (KsMm) 5.
AavcK gvRvddi Avng` (bvc) 6. KgiW gwYwmsn (KwgDwb cvwU) 7. Zvdvqj
Avng` (gywReevwnbx) 8. Ave`yi ivvK (gywRe evwnbx) 9. iwdK Dwb fTv (AvIqvgx
jxM) 10. MvRx Mvjvg gvdv (AvIqvgx jxM) I 11. Kvb myRvZ Avjx (AvIqvgx
jxM)
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 30
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 30

wewfb evwnbxi Rb I AcKg

109

ga weic cwZwqv wQj|30

28 Rvbyqvwi 1974 RvZxq msm` ixevwnbxK webv-civqvbvq h-Kvbv

m`nfvRbK MdZvi Kivi gZv `qv nq| ejvevj, ixevwnbx G gZvi
Pig Aceenvi Ki Ges GKchvq AvBbi AvIZv ewnfZ KvhKjvci
wei mywcgKvU ixevwnbxK `vlx ej Pig wZivi Ki| mywcgKvU
`LZ cvq h, ixevwnbx AvBb-Kvbyb, wbqg-cwZ BZvw` wKQyB gb Pj
bv| GgbwK MdZvi wKsev wRvmvev`i Kvbv iwRviI Zv`i wQj bv|
KvUi wZivii Reve gywRe H mKj KvR nc bv-Kivi Rb mywcg
KvUi gZv Le Kib|31 Ze evwivi gI`y` Avng` gb Kib :
RvZxq ixevwnbx Kvbv fvjv KvRB Kiwb G-K_v wVK bq| wecyj cwigvY
eAvBwb A Giv Dvi KiQ Ges AvUK KiQ cPzi cwigvY
PvivPvjvbKZ cY| KvjvevRvix Ges Aea Mv`vgRvZKvixiv ixevwnbxi
bvg bB AvZ eva KiZ| Ze ivRbwZK Dk Zv`i eenvi Kivq
GB mybvg Zviv ai ivLZ cvi wb|32

55

110

bZzb bvg cei Aevb MnY Ki|

jvjevwnbx
AvIqvgx jxMi AmsMVb kwgK jxMi bZv Ave`yj gvbvb evQvBKZ
kwgK`i wbq jvj evwnbx Mo Zzjb| evwnbxi m`m`i gv_vq jvj Kvcoi
cw evav nZ| G _KB GB bvg| Giv KjKviLvbvq KvR bv Ki ivRc_
KzPKvIqvR Ki eovZ| mgq mgq wewfb vb _K jvK ai Gb AvUK
iL gywcY Av`vq KiZ| G`i `iv GZ`i cuQwQj h, 6 `dvi
AbZg cYqbKvix, AvMoZjv loh gvgjvi Avmvgx, wmGmwc Avng` dRjyi
ingvb ch Zv`i nvZ _K wbwZ cvbwb| eMg nvwQbv ingvbi fvlvq :
... AbKjv jvK MvwoZ Ki Gm Avgv`i avbgwi (ZrKvjxb) 30
b^i ivWi evwoZ XzKj| jvKjvi Pnviv wQj vgvKv, Avi Zv`i
gv_vq wQj jvj Kvcoi cw euvav| mevB RvbZ Giv jvjevwnbxi jvK, Avi
jvjevwnbx wQj kwgKjxMi mfvcwZ Ave`yj gvbvbi wbR^ vevwnbx| G
jvKjv Gm ingvb mvneK Rvi Ki ai Ub wnuPo Zv`i MvwoZ
Zzjj, Zvici `Z Mvwo Pvwjq cvwjq Mj|...
eez ZLb evmvq wQjb bv| nq cavbgxi `i bvnq Ab Kv_vI KvR
e wQjb| Avgvi AvKzj Aev `L eMg gywReB eezi KvQ ingvb
mvnei wbLuvR nIqvi msev` `b| eezi ncB jvjevwnbxi bZv
Avng` dRjyi ingvbK Qo w`Z eva nq|...
...ci cKvk Rbmfvq ingvb mvnei cvYbvki gwK `Iqvi gZv mvnm
mq KiZ ciwQj jvjevwnbxi H ^NvwlZ bZv| Gme NUbv _KB
evSv hvq h, nVvr Ki jvjevwnbxi bZvi Mvq nvZ `Iqvi gZv gZv
ZLb eeziI wQj bv|36

kl w`K ixevwnbxi ivk Ub aivi Pv Kiv nq| evovevwoi Rb `vqx

m`m`i wei eev bqv i nq| 25 bf^i 1974 ixevwnbxi `yRb
wjWviK PvKzwi _K AcmviY33 Kiv nq| wK wZ hv nIqvi ZZw`b nq
MQ| kL gywRe I AvIqvgx jxMi RbwcqZv nvm ixevwnbxi Kvhg
wecyjfve `vqx|34
^QvmeK evwnbx
ceB DjL Kiv nqQ, i _KB gywhvv`i wewfb evwnbxi ga msNvZ `Lv `q| ^vaxbZvi ci i nq cvavb wevii cwZhvwMZv|
Kv_vI Kv_vI Kgvviiv ckvmb wbqY Kivi cqvm cvq| GgZvevq miKvi
gywevwnbxi bvg fvwOq Kvbv KvR Kiv hve bv ej NvlYv `q| 26
deqvwi 1972 gywReevwnbxmn gywevwnbxi mKj BDwbU evwZj35 Kiv nq|
wK ZviciI Aevi BZiwekl nqwb| `ymvn ci 14 gvP 1972
AvIqvgx ^QvmeK evwnbx AvcKvk Ki| evwZj gywReevwnbx-m`mivB
30
31
32
33
34
35

gwZDi ingvb, cbi AvM : cQb wdi `Lv (wbe), c_g Avjv, 16 I 17 AvM 2002
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 31
gI`y` Avng`, evsjv`k : kL gywReyi ingvbi kvmbKvj, BDwbfviwmwU cm wjwgUW,
XvKv, 1983, cv 84
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, eezi mgqKvj, c~ev, cv 50
Rvm` ixevwnbxK fviZxq mb ejI cPviYvi cqvm cvq
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm eezi mgqKvj, c~ev, cv 48

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

klch Aek G`i wei eev bIqv i nq| 2 Rvbyqvwi 1975

jvjevwnbxi bZv I mvsm` Ave`yj gvbvbK XvKv KUbwgj eevcbv Pqvigvb
wnme gZvi Aceenvii AwfhvM MdZvi Kiv nq| wK ZZw`b
eywoMvq AbK cvwb Mwoq MQ|

36

nvwQbv ingvb, evOvwji gyw msMvg I Avng` dRjyi ingvb, AvMvgx cKvkbx, XvKv,
1993, cv 123-28

AvM Kz

111

56

112

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

evwnbxi mv_ _vKvq Zv`i fveavivq cfvevw^Z| gywRebMi miKvii

cavbgx ZvRDwb Avng`i wbv eeI -Gi Avfvm cvIqv hvq : 3
mvgwiK evwnbxi mKj Awdmvii mnhvwMZv I mvb Avgv`i ARb KiZ
ne| Avgv`i cwZ G`i Avvi Afve ZB `Lv hvq|... I`i GUvI
eySvbv `iKvi h, ivRbwZK bZZ Qvov ^vaxbZvhy APj Ges bZzb `k
MovI Ame| ZvB `kcgi ZvwM` hviv A aiQb, GKB KviY
ivRbwZK bZZi cQb I`i KvZview` nIqvI DwPZ|

AvM Kz
cvwKvb c_g hw`b mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi nq, mw`bB gywReK MdZvi Kiv
nq| AvBqyex Avgji klw`K AvMiZjv lohi gZz`hvM AwfhvM
Gb mvgwiK Av`vjZ Zuvi wePviKvh i nq Ges ZuvK m~hi Avjv `LZ
`Iqv ne bv ej NvlYv Kiv nq| cZ ev civ mvgwiK kvmbi
cvwKvwb Avgji AwaKvsk mgqUvB Zuvi KUQ KvivMvii wbRb cKv|
^vaxbZv hy PjvKvj ZuvK MdZvi Ki cvwKvb wbq wMq mvgwiK
Av`vjZ gZz`v`k c`vb Ki KbWgbW mj ivLv nq Ges mji cvkB
GKUv KeiI Lbb Kiv nq| 1969 I 1971 -`yeviB gZzi gyL _K wZwb wdi
GmQb| wZwb wbhvwZZ nqQb Rxebi k mgqKvjUv Ryo| Gic wbhvZbi
wkKvi nqQb AmsL ivRbwZK bZv-Kgx| Avi ebvi wkKvi nqQb
Avcvgi RbMY| dj mvgwiKevwnbxi cwZ gywRei GKwU ^vfvweK NYv Rb
wbqwQj| 1974 mvji deqvwiZ Avwb gvmKvibnvmK `qv GK
mvvrKvi gywRe ejwQjb h, wZwb GKUv kwkvjx mbvevwnbx MVbi
wei| Zuvi wbRi fvlvq : Avgiv cvwKvb mbvevwnbxi gZv GKUv `vbe
mw KiZ PvB bv|1 (gywRe bv PvBjI m `vbei mw nq Ges mcwievi
gywReB Gi c_g wkKvi nb)| eMg gywReI mbvevwnbxi jvK`i fxlY fq
KiZb| cniviZ mb`i cwZ BwZ w`q wZwb ^vgxK ejZb, G mg
jvKiv GKw`b Zvgvi wei Zv`i e`yK cqvM Kie|2
^vaxbZv hyKvjB mswk`i ga gZvi I ivRbwZK DPvwfjvl
`Lv `q| Qv, hyeK, gywhvv, mvgwiK evwnbx I AvIqvgx jxM, wekl Ki
hyeK`i ga cviwiK Awekvm we`gvb wQj| msm` m`m ImgvbxK cavb
mbvcwZ wbhy Kivq mvgwiK Awdmviiv A-Lywk wQj Ges Zviv ImgvbxK
Gwoq PjZ| gywReevwnbx mw Zv`i AwekvmK AviI ew Ki| kwdDjvn&
wRqv I Lvj` gvkviid GB wZbRbi ga gZvi cwZwZv wQj|
Aciw`K hyeKiv gb KiZ, mvgwiK evwnbxi m`miv GKKvj cvwKvwb

G _K evSv hvq, hyKvjB mvgwiK evwnbxi ga gZvi I

AvIqvgx-weivwaZvi welei Aziv`Mg NU|
AenwjZ mvgwiK evwnbx
evsjv`ki c_g wbevPb (7 gvP 1973) AvIqvgx jxM gvU c` (55.62
kZvsk) fvUi 73.2 kZvsk jvf Ki| wK KvUbgUjvZ mbiv
wbevPb 80% fvMiI wKQy ewk fvU AvIqvgx jxMi wei4 c`vb KiwQj|
Gi KviY wnme ejv nqQ, mvgwiKevwnbxi m`miv wbR`i AenwjZ gb
KiZ| 11 wWm^i 1975 c` GK mvvrKvi Rbvij wRqvDi ingvb ejb :
Avgiv mwZKvi A_ Kvbv mbvevwnbx wQjvg bv| KvMRc Avgv`i
Kvbv AwZB wQj bv| mbvevwnbxi Rb AvBbMZ Kvbv wfw wQj bv|
Uej Ae AMvbvBRkb Gv GvewjkgU ej wKQy wQj bv| meB wQj
GWnK| mbvevwnbx eZb cZ| KviY kL gywRe Zv w`Z ejwQjb|
gywRei gyLi K_vi Ici Avgv`i AwZ wbfikxj wQj|5

weMwWqvi gyi (wRqvi wPd Ae Rbvij vd) -Gi fvlvq :

G `ki mbvevwnbx GKUv ^QvmeK `ji gZv|... cZKB Giv

nZfvM, G`i Lvevi bB, Kvbv ckvmb bB, Ak bB, Rvwm bB,
Mvqi KvU bB, cvqi eyU ch bB| kxZi ivZ G`iK K^j
Mvq w`q cvnviv w`Z nq| Avgv`i AbK wmcvB GLbI jywO co KvR
Ki| G`i Kvbv BDwbdig bB|6

Z`ycwi, A_ gYvjqi AvZ wekl Avwg Pvbj Mvcbxqfve 6

nvRvi cvD cwkY wd cvwVq gywRei AcvKZ Kg gavex wZxq cy
RvgvjK wejZi mvnv wgwjUvwi GKvWwgZ KvWU wnme cwkwZ Ki
mbvevwnbxi DPc`i Rb Zwi Kivi welqwUI mvgwiKevwnbxi ga cwZwqv
mw Ki|7
3
4
5

1
2

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 29

GGj LwZe, Kviv gwRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 62

6
7

Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 93-94

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY,c~ev, cv 26
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY,c~ev, cv 26
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY,c~ev, cv 26-27
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY,c~ev, cv 27

AvM Kz

113

gywhvv ebvg cZvMZ

8 gvP 1972 miKvi c~eZb Mvg ixevwnbx wejy Ki RvZxq ixevwnbx MVb
Ki| GB cviv-wgwjUvwi evwnbxi m`m`i wbqvM, kc_, cwkY, eevcbv
I Kvhvewj mvaviY gvbyl Ges mvgwiKevwnbxi ga m`ni mw Ki|
^vaxbZvi ci AvUK cov 1,200 Awdmvi I 35 nvRvi evOvwj Rvqvb
cvwKvb _K ^`k cZvMgb Kib| mvgwiKevwnbxZ gywhvv I
^`k cZvMZ Agywhvv`i ga wef` mw nq| gywhvv`i c` `yB
eQii wmwbqwiwUZ Agywhvviv wez nb| kL gywRei gnvbyfeZvq Zviv
(Agywhvv Awdmviiv) mbvevwnbxi wewfb iZcY c` AwawZ nb Ges
GKi-ci-GK loh I Pvi Rvj wevi KiZ i Kib| Zv`i
lohi cavb jB wQj Pwi nbbi gvag wmwbqi gywhvv Awdmvi`i
^c` _K mwiq iZcY c`jv `Lj Ges cieZxKvj ivxq gZv8
Kivq Kiv| cZvMZ`i, wekl Ki cvK BUvi mvwfm BUwjR
KgiZ`i wbqvM KivK AbKB fzj wmv ej gb Kib| 15 AvM
1975 gRi`i bZZvaxb AvgYKvix wZbwU `jB wQj cvwKvwb-mw|
cmg DjL, 1947 mvj fviZi ^vaxbZvi ci cavbgx bni myfvl
emyi AvRv` wn`& dRi Bwqvb ifjykb Avwgi m`m`i fviZxq mkevwnbxZ cybtwbqvMi mycvwik-msewjZ GKwU bw_ Abygv`bi Rb Mfbi
Rbvij jW gvDU evUbi wbKU cvVvj evUb bniK ejb, Avcwb PvBj
Avwg AekB Zv Abygv`b Kie, Ze Avwg gb Kwi kLjv fKvix`i
kLjvq wdwiq Avbv cvq Ame| I`i KwZZi Rb Abfve cyiZ Kiv
hZ cvi| bni ZvB Kijb| evsjv`kI Zv Kiv DwPZ wQj ej
ivRbwZK wekl gnj gb Kib|
gRi Wvwjg I MvRxi cwievii
1974 mvji Rvbyqvwi gvm XvKv jwWR Kve GK weqi Abyvb iWm
Pqvigvb MvRx Mvjvg gvdvi fvB gRi Wvwjgi x ZvmwbgK9 Dk
8
9

Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.), GKvii gywhy, iv, ga AvM I lohgq

bf^i, mvwnZ cKvk, XvKv, 1998, cv 112
Avvwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY c~ev, cv 40| gZvi, MvRxi GK
Qj D weqi Kb Wvwjgi evbK DZ Ki Ges Wvwjg ZvK Po gvi| KD KD
ejb, WvwjgcZx Zvi wbRi weqi Abyvb AcgvwbZ nb- hv mZ bq|
AvbyvwbKfve ^vaxbZvi NvlYv I gywRebMi miKvii gwmfv kc_ MnYi ci 18
Gwcj 1971 KjKvZv cvK-wgkbi GKRb eZxZ mKj KgKZv nvmb Avjxi bZZ
evsjv`ki c AvbyMZ cKvk Kib| mB GKRb njb Avi AvB Payix| (1964

57

114

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Ki AvcwKi ge Ki| G wbq ev`vbyev`i GKchvq MvRxi fvovU

vevwnbx hvM `q Ges Wvwjg-Zvmwbg `wZK eBwZ Ki I wKWbvci
Pv Ki| Dfqc _KB gywRei KvQ wePvi cv_bv Kiv nq| cPwjZ
evOvwjixwZ Abyhvqx gywRe MvRx I Wvwjg Dfqi nvZ wgwjq w`q DcwZ
mevBK wgwgyL Kwiq Gi gxgvsmv Ki `b|
wK welqwU GLvb kl njbv| Wvwjgi mnKgx Avwg eziv `ywU UvK
Ki wMq MvRxi bqv cbi evwo ZQbQ Ki Ges gwK `q10 h, Wvwjgi
wKQy nj kni i eq hve|
kLjvB mvgwiKevwnbxi AvBb| ZvB GB DQsLj NUbvi Rb mbvevwnbxi
Rbvij nWKvqvUvi Z`c~eK Wvwjg, 11 b~i, `vmn 22 Rb hyev
AwdmviK PvKwiPzZ ev evaZvgjK Aemi `q| kvwcviv GRb
ewMZfve gywRei cwZ wez nb|

10
11

mvj gvbvqgx ivRZ wZwb wQjb cvebvi cywjk mycvi| miKviweivax wgwQj Kivi
Aciva m-mgq Zvi bZZ e jvKK MdZvi Kiv nq|) wKQyw`b ci Zvi x
evsjv`ki Afi _K KjKvZv cuQvi ci Abvb`i Abyiva wZwb evsjv`ki
cwZ AvbyMZ cKvk Kib| hy PjvKvj kidzj nK Wvwjg AvnZ nq wPwKrmv I wekvg
MnYKvj Avi.AvB. Payixi Kbv Zvmwbgi cg co Ges weqi cve `q|
wK Rbve Payix ZvZ ivwR bv nIqvq Qj I gq wbR`i D`vM weq Ki|
ci cavbgx ZvRDwb Zv`i mKjK wgwjq `b| (Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi
wZ, c~ev, cv 57-58)
KjKvZvi mvbW 28 m^i 1975 evoxi jb Zvjv Wvwjg I Zvi mykx x
Zvmwbgi Qwe w`q GKwU cQ`Kvwnbx cKvk Ki| GZ cwZe`K ge Kib,
Zvmwbgi PnvivB gb nq 15 AvMi fvii msNwUZ Afzvbi UvjvK AMmi
nZ Dxcbv hywMqwQj| (GGj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 49)
GGj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 50
Wvwjg, Zvi x Zvmwbg I kvwo nbv gywRei evwoZ NbNb hvZvqvZ KiZ (GgbwK
Wvwjgi PvKwi _K AcmvwiZ nIqvi ciI)| wekwe`vjq AaqbKvj Wvwjgi gv gviv
hvq Ges kvK KvwUq DVvi AvMB Zvi evev GK hyeZxK wZxq x wnme MnY Kivq m
evevi mv_ `xNw`b mK wewQb ivL| Wvwjg eMg gywReK gv WvKZ Ges evOvwji
c_vbyhvqx wekl wekl w`bjvZ Zuvi cv Qyuq mvjvg KiZ| weqi `y-wZb eQi ciI
mvb bv nIqvq Wvwjg G-mK eMg gywRei civgk MnY Ki|
PvKwi _K AcmvwiZ nq eemv Kivi Rb gywRe WvwjgK jvL jvL UvKvi jvBm Avi
cviwgU w`q mvnvh Kib| `yRbB gvS gvS GKmv_ gywo LZb| gywo wQj DfqiB
wcq Lv`| invbvi mv_ GKw`b K_v KvUvKvwUi GKchvq Wvwjg ej, hLb mgq Avme
ZLb Zzwg RvbZ cvie Kviv Zvgv`i ez| nbv Aek Zvi RvgvZvK GRb frmbv
Kib Ges `vwqZnxb wKQy bv-ejvi Dc`k `b| `yfvM invbvi! cevm _vKv Aevq
wcq gvZv-wcZv, fvB-fvex I Abvb Avxq`i ii `vg ez`i wPbZ nqQ| bksm
nZvKvi mebvkv evZvwU Avb`-DwRZ K WvwjgB c_g eZvi NvlYv KiwQj

AvM Kz

115

DPvwfjvlx dviK-iwk`
gRi dviKi cyiv bvg `Iqvb BkivZzjvn mq` dviK ingvb| Zvi wcZv
mq` AvZvDi ingvb mbvevwnbxZ Wvvi (gRi) wQjb| ivRkvnxi bIMuvi
wewk cxiesk Zvi Rb| 1965 mvj wimvjcyi cvwKvb wgwjUvwi
GKvWwgZ hvM w`q vZK nq wZwb jvvm iwRgU12 hvM `b| 1970
mvj wZwb Kvb c` DbxZ nb Ges AveyavexZ mKgU wMq AvgW
iwRgU vqvWb Kgvvi (Uv Kgvvi) wnme hvM `b| 1971 mvji
ga-Ryb wewUk mvbW UvBgm I PvPv bij Kv`ii c gvidZ evsjv`k
msNwVZ cvK-mbvevwnbxi MYnZv-msv weeiY cq cvK-mbvevwnbxZ
Avi PvKwi bv Kivi wmv wbq 12 bf^i jb nq wZwb ^`k cuQb|
gRi L`Kvi Ave`yi iwk`i wcZv wQjb GKRb cv_wgK wkK| Kzwgjv`vD`Kvw` moKi gvSvgvwS Qqdwiqv Mvg iwk`i Rb| XvKv wekwe`vjq
AaqbKvj 1965 wZwb mvj mbvevwnbxZ hvM `b| wgwjUvwi GKvWwgZ
cwkY kl ej iwRgU cvws PvBj ZvK wZxq wd AvwUjvwiZ
Kwgkb `Iqv nq| 1968 mvj iwk` Kvb c` DbxZ nq QywUZ eovZ
Gm PMvgi wkcwZ Gm. GBP. Lvbi (G K Lvbi fvB) Rv Kbv
Rvevq`v (wUz)-K weq Ki Kgj Di-cwg mxgvc`ki evbyZ wbq
hvb| 1971 -G cw_exi wewfb iwWI gvidZ msev` cq cvK-mbvevwnbx ZvM
Kivi wmv bb| wcZvgvZvi AmyZvi KviY `wLq 10 w`bi QywU wbq
evsjv`k Gm x-Kbv PMvg cvwVq w`q 29 Avei fviZi AvMiZjv
Mgb Kib Ges wRqvDi ingvbi RW dvmi mv_ mshy GKwU gywevwnbx
`ji mv_ wWm^ii c_gw`K wmjU mxgvw`q evsjv`k cek Kib|
H `jwUi bvg `qv nqwQj gywevwnbx nvDBURvi evUvwi-hv ^vaxbZvi ci
wZxq wd AvwUjvwi iwRgU wnme DbxZ nq Ges iwk` nb Gi Kgvws
Awdmvi|
wimvjcyii wgwjUvwi GKvWwgZ dviKi mv_ Zvi cwiPq nq| dviK
Zvi GK evP wmwbqi| ^vaxbZvi ci KvvB n`i cvo GK ebfvRb
dviKi bRi Kvo iwk`i my`ix kvwjKv dwi`v (Dwg)| iwk`i gaZvq
12 AvM 1972 I`i weq nq|
1974 mvji MxKvj _K dviK Ges iwk` gywReK nZv Kivi
cwiKbv KiwQj| Zviv cii fvqiv fvB| XvKv mbvwbevm cvkvcvwk evwoZ
12

wgwjUvwi GKvWwgZ gRi wRqvDi ingvb I gRi Lvj` gvkviid cwkK wQjb|
Zuviv Dfq dviKK ej iwRgU hvM w`Z ejjI wZwb Zv Kibwb

58

116

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

evm Kivq Dfq GK wgwjZ nevi Aeva myhvM cvq Ges GK eQi ai
AZ mZKZvi mv_ nZvi QK AuvK|13
nZvi cwiKbv iPbv I evevqb
^vaxbZv hy PjvKvj 1971 mvj cvwKvwb nvbv`vi evwnbx G`k Rxeb I
m`i evcK asmh NUvq| ^vaxbZvi ci RvwZmsNi XvKv wiwjd
Acvikbi AvRvwZK cwZvb Avbi&W cwiPvwjZ `kevcx mvnvh KgmwP
`kwUK euvwPq ivLZ iZcY fwgKv cvjb Ki| wK `ykv KvwU Wjvi
cwigvY AvRvwZK mvnvh cvIqvi ciI 1973 mvji klw`K `kwU `Dj
nq hvq Nym, `ybxwZ, ^RbcxwZ, KvjvevRvwii14 KviY| 1974 mvj `ywf
27,000 jvK (emiKvwi gZ jvwaK) gZzeiY Ki |
`j `j gvbyl KvR, Lv` ev wfvi mvb Mvg Qo kni, wekl Ki
XvKvq QyU Avm| wK miKvi G`i cUi Avb bfvbvi eev KiZ
cviwb| Dci, weeZ nq XvKv kni cwiQb Kivi evcK Awfhvb Pvwjq
cvq `yB j wQbgj I ewevmx gvbylK Rvi Ki nq Zv`i Mvgi evwoZ bv
nq kni _K `i Kv15 cvVvbvi eev Ki| G Aevi myhvM wbq
weivax`j wekl Ki Rvm` I gvIev`x wewfb `j miKvi DQ` Zrci nq|
ivZi Auvavi weivax`i AvgY 5 Rb mvsm`mn 4 nvRvi AvIqvgx-bZvKgx
nZvi wkKvi nq| ^ivgxi evmfeb Avv nq| Abw`K wewfb
AvIqvgx evwnbx I ixevwnbxi nvZ nvRvi nvRvi weivax`jxq bZvKgx wbLuvR
I wbnZ nq| weivax K Ki `qvi Rb c_g Riwi Aev NvlYv,
gwjK bvMwiK AwaKvi niY, wePviwefvMi gZv LeKiY I ci GK`jxq
ivcwZ kvwmZ miKvi eev ceZb Kiv nq|
mvweK Aev wbqYi evBi Pj hvIqvi Dcg nj, A_vr Nyl-`ybxwZ
Pviv Kvievi-gRyZ`vix `gb, Aea A Dvi I AvBb-kLjv16 cwiwwZi
Dbqb cPwjZ eev AKvhKi cZxqgvb nj 1974 mvji Gwcj gvm Gme
13
14
15

16

GGj LwZe, c~ev, cv 48

`ybxwZ, ^RbcxwZ, PvivBKvievi cfwZ KviY 19 Rb mvsm` I 9 Rb gwi c` evwZj
Kiv nq| Gmei wevwiZ weeiYi Rb `qv Ki cwiwk 5 co~b
XvKvi A`i Wgivq Gic GKwU Kv 50 nvRviiI AwaK jvK Rov Kiv nqwQj|
Pviw`K KuvUvZvii eov w`q ixevwnbx viv cvnvivi eev Kiv nq| GZjv jvKi
Rb gv KqKUv cvqLvbv I wUDeqj Ges bvggv ikb| Jl`i Kvbv mieivn wQj
bv| cwi`kb hvIqv RbK mvsevw`KK H Kvevmx GK eyov ejwQj : Avgv`i LvBZ
`b, Avi bv nq wj KBiv gvib| 18.02.75 ZvwiLi MvwWqvb cwKv H KvwUK
gywRei jvK`i m `yhvM GjvKv bvg AwfwnZ Ki
AvBb-kLjv cwiwwZi wevwiZ Rvbvi Rb cwiwk 6 co~b

AvM Kz

117

KvR mvgwiK evwnbxK gvZvqb Kiv nq| mvgwiK m`miv cY D`g

DcwiD `ywZi AwfhvM kZ kZ Acivax`i MdZvi Ki| wekl
Zviv gZvi Aceenvi, bksm I cwZwnsmvcivqY AvPiY Ki| (Kzwgjvq Zviv
KqKRb wewk AvIqvgx jxM bZvKI MdZvi Ki)|
GB Awfhvbi gvag mvgwiK m`miv GKw`K gZvi ^v` cvq, Abw`K
Zv`i ga G Avwekvm Rb bq h, emvgwiK ckvmb hLvb e_, mLvb
Zviv mdj ne| A_P mvgvb KqKRb mvwbZ ew ev`, mk evwnbxi
KgKZv I jvK`i mr wnme LvwZ wQj bv| ^vaxbZvi ciciB wKQy KgKZv
I mbiv wQbZvBmn bvbv aibi AmvgvwRK KvR RwoZ wQj ej AwfhvM17
cvIqv hvq|
hv nvK D Awfhvb wewfb AwfhvM mvgwiK m`m`i viv MdZviKZ
Acivax`i AwaKvskB `yfvMekZ gZvmxb AvIqvgx `jxq Ges wKQy w`bi
ga cvq mevB Dcii Uwjdvb wb`k e-Kmyi Lvjvm cq hZ _vK |
welqwU Rbgb, wekl Ki mvgwiK evwnbxZ weic cwZwqvi mw Ki|
1974 mvji RyjvB gvm cwiQb Awfhvbi `vwqZ cq gRi dviK
dv ej jvvii evfv vqvWb wbq Wgiv GjvKvq 21 Rb jvKK
nZvKvix GK ZiY WvKvZ mi`viK MdZvi Ki| wRvmvKvj nZvKvix
^xKvi Ki h, m GKRb AvIqvgxjxMvi Ges Zvi Iv`i wb`k G-KvR
KiQ| dviKi fvlvq : H e`gvqki Iv` ^qs kL gywRe| dviK
Aviv Rvbvq, Gici GKwU wjwLZ wb`k ZvK ejv nq h, m KvDK MdZvi
Kij, Zvi wbR `vwqZB Zv KiZ ne| Kvbv ANUb NU Mj, Zvi Rb
Zvi iwRgUvj Kgvvi wKsev weMW Kgvvi KDB `vqx neb bv| dviKi
fvlvq :
Gi A_ wQj GiKg h, Avgv`i AbvPvi-`ybxwZ `i KiZ ne| wK
AvIqvgx jxM `LjB _gK `uvovZ ne| cyiv evcviUvB GK `ytLRbK
QjLjvq cwiYZ nqwQj|18

mB mgqKvj be-weevwnZ GK `wZ Zv`i MvwoZ Ux hvIqvi c_

gvRvj bvg GK `yal AvIqvgx jxMvi I Zvi mnKgx`i nvgjvi wkKvi nq|
17

18

G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 52| cmZ, ^vaxbZvi ci ci

GgbwK kwdDjvn, gxi kIKZ cfwZ DuPz c`ghv`vi Awdmvi`i weiI hyi mgq
Aea mwi gvwjK nIqvi AwfhvM DvwcZ I Z` i nq| (j. wjdjrm, Amgv
wece, c~ev, cv 57-58)
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, nvvbx cvewjkvm (cybgy`Y) 2000, cv
41-42| A Dvi Awfhvb bvivqYM, gyxM, biwmsw` GjvKvqI Abyic AcxwZKi
NUbvi msev` cvIqv hvq

59

118

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Mvwoi PvjK I Avivnx(^vgx)-K Lyb Ki Zviv gqwUK alY I nZv Ki|

Aci `yRb mxmn UxZ gRi bvmii nvZ aiv covi ci gvRvj wZb
j UvKvi wewbgq ZvK Qo `qvi Abyiva Rvbvq| gvRvji fvlvq :
evcviwUK miKvwi chvq bqvi eev Kieb bv| AvR nvK, Kvj nvK,
AvgvK Avcbvi Qo w`ZB ne| myZivs UvKv wbq Qo w`Z Avcbvi
Avcw Kb?

gRi bvmi GZ w nq ZvK duvwmZ Szjve gb Ki KvU mvc`

Ki| wK wKQyw`b ciB H bksm wZb Lybi Avmvwg gvRvjK cKvk Nyi
eovZ `L mKjB wewZ nq| mbvevwnbxZ NUbvwU Pvji mw Ki| G
KvwU kL gywRei ewMZ ncB me nqwQj|19
Wgiv I Uxi NUbvewj gRi dviK I Zvi mnKgx`i fvebv I Kgi euvK
Nywiq `q| Zviv we`vnx nq DV| dviKi fvlvq :
Avgiv Ggb GK mgvR evm KiwQjvg, hLvb Acivaxiv bZZ w`wQj|
evsjv`k hb gvwdqvi KZZvaxb Pj Mj| Avgiv mYfve we`vnx nq
DVjvg| GLvb Ggb GK miKvi Kvqg nqwQj, h miKvi Lybi gZv
RNb KvR kw hvMvZ| Avi Ggbme Pig KgKv NUvZ, hjv _K
RbMYK H miKvii euvPvbvi K_v wQj| Zv Avi PjZ `qv hvwQj bv|
Avgiv ZuvK (gywReK) LZg Kivi wmv wbjvg|20

dviK ewMZfve Ges z` `j Kbj Avwgb Avn`, gRi nvwdR,

gRi mwjg, gRi bvmi, gRi Mvddvi, vqvWb wjWvi wjqvKZ cgyLi
mv_ G welq AvjvPbv Ki|21 Zv`i mKjiB cwiKbv wQj `xNgqvw`|
wK dviK cvij ZYB gywReK LZg Ki `qvi ccvwZ| G mgq m
B`vbwkqvi kvKb-DrLvZi cwiKbvi wKQy iPbv cvV Ki Ges kvKbvi
gZv gywReK Mw`PzZ Ki GKwU cvmv` ew` Ki ivLvi K_v fve| wK
ciYB G cwiKbv evwZj Ki `q GB fe h, Zvnj Zuvi (gywRei) bvg
Ab GKwU cvv kw wbR ev fviZK WK Gb Zv`i (dviK`i) mwiq
`e| dviKi fvlvq : Gi Kvbv weK bB| gywReK giZB
ne|kwLb cvBjU dviK gywReK `ki cZ Aj hvvKvj
nwjKvi gvivi cwiKbv Ki| dvBU KUvj Awdmvi vqvWb wjWvi
19
20

21

Avwb gvmKvinvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 42-43

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 43| DjL, Wgiv, Ux ev
Ab msNwUZ NUbvewj AekB wb`bxq| wK G jvK ARynvZ Ki ^vaxbZvi cwZ
Ges wbevwPZ miKvi I iv cavbK mcwievi nZv Kiv mnmY ekx wb`bxq
G mgq dviKi ez I fvqivfvB gRi iwk` fviZ ev^i wbKUeZx `IjvjxZ 14
gvm evcx GKwU Mvbvwi vd Kvm Ask wbwQj

AvM Kz

119

wjqvKZK m Abyiva KiwQj h, hLb gywReK wbq nwjKvi Doe, Zvi

AvMB wcjmn m (dviK) Zvi mv_ _vKe| Zvici iwWI hvMvhvM e
Ki w`q gywReK wj Ki gi gZ`n myweaRbK GKUv b`xZ Qyo dj
`e| wK ci G cwiKbv ev` w`q dviK mvgwiK Kvq`vq AMmi nq|
dviKi je gywRe| Zvi Rb gwK nq `uvovZ cvi fe mq`
bRij, ZvRDwb, gbmyi Avjx, mwdDjvn, wRqvDi ingvb Ges Lvj`
gvkiidi Dci h_ Abymvb Ki ki cvZvq gywRei Avxq I cfvekvjx
Avyi ie miwbqvevZ I kL gwYi bvg wjL; GB wZbRbKB giZ ne|
chUbi MvBW eBq cKvwkZ XvKv knii QvU GKwU gvbwPK K` Ki
dviK Qek cvq nuU c`c gc gc `iZ wbicY Ki wbR
cwiKbvq AvwUjvwi cwRkb wi Ki| GRb cwZivZB `kUvi w`K m
mvaviY gvbyli ek avbgwi 32 b^i ivW Nyi eovZ| gywRei MwZwewa,
Afvm, KvR, Lvevi RvqMv cfwZI m j ivLwQj-hvZ Pov gynZ Kvbv
fzj bv nq| deqvwii gvSvgvwS dviK Zvi KkjMZ cwiKbv mY Ki
Kzi Rb cZ nq| Mvbvix vd Kvm mgvcbv 1975i gvPi gvSvgvwS
wdi Avmv iwk`K dviK Zvi cwiKbvi K_v Lyj ejj iwk` mgq-^Zv I
Achv cwZi K_v ZzjjI ci ZvZ mwZ vcb Ki| gywRei weK
wnme Zviv Rbvij wRqvi K_v fve| dviK wRqvi mv_ GKwU mvvrKvii
eev Ki Ges AbK Nywiq-cuwPq `ki `ybxwZ, Lyb-ivnvRvwb BZvw`i Rb
GKwU cwieZb cqvRb Ges m Zuvi (wRqvi) mg_b I bZZ Kvgbv Kivq
wRqvi Di wQj :
Avwg `ytwLZ| Avwg G aibi KvR wbRK RovZ PvB bv| Zvgiv Rywbqi
Awdmviiv hw` wKQy GKUv KiZ PvI, Zvnj Zvgv`i wbR`iB Zv Kiv
DwPZ| AvgvK Gmei ga Ubv bv|22

dviK cYxZ KkjMZ cwiKbv evevqbi Rb 300 jvKi

cqvRb| wZxq wd AvwUjvwii wQj 6wU BZvjxq nvDBURvi, 12wU

60

120

BqvMvvfxq 105 wg. wg. nvDBURvi Ges 600 mb| dviKi 1g ej

jvvi wQj 30wU wU-54 Uv I 800 mb| myZivs Ab`i mvnvh bv cj
`yB fvqivfvB-B23 cwiKbv GwMq wbZ mg| cqvRb ay `yUv kwK
GKwZ Kiv|
mbvevwnbxi m`i `dZii wbqgvbyhvqx ej jvvi gvm `yevi ivZ
Uwbs GvimvBR24 cwiPvjbv Ki| iwk` DaZb KZci KvQ Zvi
AvwUjvwiK ej jvvii mv_ GK Uwbs Kivi cve ck Ki| Gme
GvimvBRi Dk nj, AKvi wbR wbR Ak eQ wbq ki
gvKvejv Kivi Rb cZ nIqvi Kkj mK mb`i mgK AeMZ
Kiv| myZivs G Uwbs GK nj Dfq cB GK Acii KvQ _K AbK
wKQy wkLZ cvie gb Ki mbvm`i iwk`i cve AbygwZ w`q dviKi
Uv I iwk`i AvwUjvwi GKwZ25 nIqvi myhvM Ki `q| KqKgvm ai
Pjv, `yB evwnbxi ivwKvjxb gnovq cvkeZx mKjB Uv I Abvb fvix
Ai wji AvIqvR Af nq hvq| dj ga-AvM wfb Dk ei
njI jvK G`i m`n Ki bv| BZvga msweavbi PZz_ mskvabxi
gvag ivcwZ kvwmZ miKvi I GK`jxq evKkvj cwZ Pvjy Kiv nqQ| 1jv
m^i 1975 _K 61wU Rjvq gywRe gbvbxZ MfbiMY vbxq ckvmb
cwiPvjbv i Kieb| MfbiMY wbR wbR GjvKvq AewZ cywjk, wewWAvi,
ix I mvgwiK evwnbxi BDwbUiI wbqY26 Kieb| kvmbeevq GB
cwieZbK wZxq wece AvLvwqZ Kiv nq|
GgZvevq dviK I iwk` `yRb wgj 1 m^ii ceB AvNvZ nvbvi
wmv bq| dviK 3 RyjvB _KB Povfve cZ wQj| Zvi
iYKkji cwiKbv I mbmvgI cZ| Wvqwi ZvK iY Kwiq `q
h, 14 AvM 1975 w`evMZ ivZ ej jvvi I wZxq wd AvwUjvwii
cieZx h_ bk Uwbs AbywZ ne| ivZ cvnvj evi| evii RvZK
dviK cvwKvb mbvevwnbx _K cvwjq Avmvi w`bwU wQj evi| dwi`vi
23

22

1976 mvji RyjvB gvm jb gywRenZvi Ici MvbvWv Uwjwfkbi Rb GKwU Abyvb
wbgvY Dcj Avwb gvmKvibnvm KZK dviKi DcwiD ee mK wRwmZ
nj wRqv Zv ^xKvi ev A^xKvi KvbwUB bv Ki Di`vb weiZ _vKb| cybivq Reve
cvIqvi Pv Kivq wRqv AvwbK eeQi evsjv`k cek KiZ bv cvivi eev
Kib| 1998 wLvi 3 gvP Av`vjZ c`wkZ D wUwf Abyvbi wfwWI KvmU c`
mvvrKvi dviK RvbvQb, cuPvii 28 gvP Rbvij wRqvK gvbR Kwi| m mgq
wRqvi ee wQj-wmwbqi Avwdmvi`i c mivmwi wKQy Kiv me bq, Zvgiv Rywbqviv
PvBj Mv GvnW (W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eezi nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, AvMvgx
cKvkbx, XvKv, 1999, cv 60)| wRqv mK Aviv AwaK Rvbvi Rb cwiwk 12 co~b

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

24
25
26

dviK 30 gvP 1975 cwiKbv KvhKi Kivi Rb Zwi nq AevK weq j Ki, Zvi
eo eo eywj AvIovbv ez`i mevB wbwq| gRi nvwdR, Kbj Avwgb Avng` Payix
cgyL iY f `q| G mgq iwk`K hkvi Mvbvix zj e`wj Kiv nj Kbj kvdvqvZ
Rvwgji AcZvwkZ mnvqZvq m Gwcj (75) XvKv wZxq wd AvwUjvwiZ Kgvws
Awdmvi wnme e`wj nq Avm
Kgvws Awdmiv (wmI) weMW nWKvqvUvii `qv evwlK Uwbs bxwZgvjv Abyhvqx
wbR`i Uwbs cvMvg Zwi Ki wbR `vwqZ wbR`i GjvKvq Zv cwiPvjbv Ki
BZ:c~e bvBU UwbO `ywU BDwbUi h_ AskMnYi wbqg wQj bv| UwbO jvBf
Ggwbkb bqviI wbqg bB
Avwb gvmKvinvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 52|

AvM Kz

121

mv_ Zvi weqI nq evi| agxq w`K _KI w`bwU iZen| dviKi
aviYv, m Bmjvg Avi `ki ^v_ G KvR KiZ hvQ| ZvB GeviI evi
Zvi Rb f27 ne| wRqvK `j fovZ bv ci dviK iwk`i Ici
ivRbxwZwe``i ga _K gywRei Dimywi evQvBq `vwqZ w`j| iwk` PviwU
w`K _K wec`i mvebvi K_v fvejv| 1. AvIqvgx jxM. 2. ixevwnbx 3.
gywRe wbnZ nj cwZkva civqY jvKRb KZK AvIqvgx jxMvi`i wbwePvi
nZv I 4. fviZxq nc| iwk` AvIqvgx jxM _KB gywRei Dimywi
evQvB Kivi wmv bq| Gi dj Zvi gZ, AvIqvgx jxM I ixevwnbx
we`vnx ne bv, cwZkva civqYKvixiv mvnmx ne bv Ges fviZxq
nciI mvebv _vKe bv| wK gywRei weK ei Kiv Lye mnR wQj
bv| kl ch L`Kvi gvkZvKK iwk` cQ` Kij|
gvkZvK ZLb evwbR gx I evKkvji wZb b^i m`m| wZwb I iwk`
GKB-Kzwgjv Rjvi Awaevmx I ciii Avxq| wZwb GKRb LvwZgvb
GvWfvKU I `vD`Kvw`i cxii mvb| AvIqvgxjxMvi wnmeI wZwb Kg
weZwKZ| iwk`i aviYv, ZvK cyZzji gZv h_Q eenvi Kiv hve Ges
myweavgZv h-Kvbv gynZ mwiq `qvI mnR ne|28
1975 mvji gvPi klw`K, L`Kvi gvkZvKi ccvlKZvq I
gvneyei Avjg Pvlxi29 D`vM Kzwgjv evW (evsjv`k GKvWwg Ae iivj
WfjvcgU) wZbw`bevcx PMvg-wefvMxq mjb AbywZ nq| mjb
wefvMi mKj wWwm/GwWwm QvovI gvkZvK, ZvniDwb VvKzi, AavcK bij
Bmjvg, gvneye Avjg Pvlx, AavcK Lyiwk` Avjg (Kzwgjvi Mfbi gywRe nZv
gvgjvi 43 bs mvw) cgyL DcwZ wQjb| mjbi wZxq w`b weKvj GKwU
Avwg-wRc wmwfj Wm gvkZvKi fvM gRi iwk` I gRi eRjyj `v
evW Avmb Ges gvneye Avjg Pvlx I Zvniwb VvKzimn i nvDm

27

28
29

dviK ewMZ Rxeb KZLvwb agwb Zv Rvbv bB| Ze Zvi GB fqi Dk mvabi
wbwg wZwb Hkx gyixi cZvkvq KqK gvm AvM PMvgi nvwj knii Rbv wenvix
cxi Avv nvwdRi miYvcb nb| cxi ZvK 1. Avjvn Avi Bmjvgi Rb Qvov ewMZ
jvfi Rb wKQy bv Kiv, 2. kw ARb Kiv I 3. mwVK mgq eQ bqvi (Aviv wZb gvm
Acv Kivi) civgk `b| 14 AvM dviKi x dwi`v cxii mv_ mvvr Ki meyR
msZmn cvV Kivi Rb `ywU myiv msMn Ki| [Avwb, c~ev, cv 51 I 66-67]
gvkZvK mK wevwiZ Rvbvi Rb `qv Ki cwiwk 11 co~b
^vaxbZv hyKvj gvkZvK gywRebMi meKvii ciivgx I gvneye Avjg Pvlx ciiv
mwPe wQjb| Dfq wgj Zviv AvgwiKvi mnvqZvq cvwKvbi mv_ AvcmgjK
KbdWvikb Kivi Pv Ki aiv cob I `vwqZ nvivb| ci gywRe KZK cybevwmZ
nq gvkZvK PvlxK evW wbqvMi eev Kib

61

122

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

gvkZvKi K eVK30 Kib|

g-Ryb gvm gvkZvKi Mvg AbywZ GK dzUej UzbvgUi dvBbvj
Ljvq gvkZvKi AvgY wkvgx BDmyd Avjx, msm`i wPd Bc kvn
gvqvg nvmb, ZvniDwb VvKzi, Avjx Avkivd Ggwc I AavcK Lyiwk`
Avjg AwZw_ nq Avmb| Ljvkl gvkZvKi evwoZ Pv-cvbi mgq
gvkZvK, ZvniDwb VvKzi I kvn gvqvg DPK gywRei wewfb cwjwm I
KgmwPi mgvjvPbv I welgjK KUv Kib|
GB mgqKvj MvRxcyii kvjbv nvBzj XvKv-wefvMxq ^wbfi mjb31
AbywZ nq| mjb PjvKvj gRi bi, gRi kvnwiqvi, gRi dviK mn
4/5 Rb mbv-Awdmvi mLvb DcwZ nb| gvkZvK Zv`iK mgevq gx
mvgmyj nK Ges Z_ I eZvi cwZgx ZvniDwb VvKzii mv_ cwiPq
Kwiq `b Ges Zv`i Av`vjbi Aev32 RvbZ Pvb|
1975-Gi Ryb-RyjvB gvm `vD`Kvw` gv`vmv cvY ^v I cwievi
cwiKbv wefvMi GKwU mjb AbywZ nq| mjb ^v mwPe Wv. wU.
nvmb I cwiKbv mwPe W. mvvi, Lv`Kvi gvkZvK, ZvniDwb VvKzi,
AavcK Lyiwk` Avjg, mvsm` Avjx Avkivd, gvneye Avjg Pvlx cgyL DcwZ
wQjb| mjb PjvKvj Avwgi wRc gRi iwk`, gRi dviK, gRi
kvnwiqvi, gRi eRjyj `v cgyL mLvb Avmb Ges mjb kl Zviv
gvkZvK, VvKzi I Pvlx mgwfevnvi gvkZvKi evwoZ hvb|33 GQvov AvBqye
Avgji Rbvij Gg AvB Kwig I RbK Rbvij Payixi mv_I
gvkZvKi Nwb mK wQj Ges Zviv Zvi jkvb evmfeb hvZvqvZ
KiZb|
G mgq Kvj XvKvi weMW Kgvvi kvdvqvZ Rvwgj GKw`b iwk`K Zuvi
Awdm WK Rvbvjb h, Zvi (iwk`i) bvg Rwoq XvKvq GKwU Afzvbi
K_v kvbv hvQ| iwk` wec` AuvP KiZ ci ecivqv nq IV Ges ej :
... hw` Avgvi Ici Kvbv wKQy Pvcvbv nq, Zvnj AvcbvKI Avwg QvowQ
bv|... Avwg eje h, Avwg hv wKQyB KiwQ meB Avcbvi wb`kvbyhvqx
KiwQ|... Avwg eje ... Avcbvi KvRi myweai RbB Avcwb AvgvK
30
31

32
33

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, AvMvgx cKvkbx, 1999, cv 16, 17,
56 I 190
1974 mvj cjqqx ebvi ci Kzwgjv cjx Dbqb GKvWwgi cwiPvjK gvneye Avjg
Pvlxi D`vM Lv`vrcv`b ewi KgmwP MnY Kiv nq| ci Zv ivxq ^xKwZ cq
^wbfi evsjv`k KgmwP wnme mviv`k Pvjy nq
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 219
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 190-91, 219

AvM Kz

123

hkvii e`jx evwZj Kwiq XvKvq _vKvi eev KiwQjb|34

G-K_v kvbvi ci Kbj Rvwgj iwk`i mv_ G wbq Avi evovevwo bv

KijI iwk` Lye KvQB wec`-msKZ `LZ cvwQj| dj m-I dviKi
gZvB gywRenZvi Pov wmv MnY Kij| Zvi fvlvq, Avgv`i Avi
wcwQq Avmvi c_ wQj bv| nq Zvi (gywRei) mgvwa iwPZ ne, bv nq
Avgv`i|
2 AvM 1975 m 7 Uvq iwk` AvMvgwmn& jbi evwoZ gvkZvKi
mvvrcv_x nq| mevi `w Govbv I m`n `i Kivi Rb iwk` emvgwiK
cvkvK zUvi Kbvi cviwgUi GKwU `iLvmn DcwZ nq| `vZjvi GKwU
Ni cvq `y-Nv Zviv Avjvc35 Kib| ivRbwZK mgmv wbq wKQyY K_vevZv
ejvi ci gvkZvKi cwZwqv j Ki mvnm cq iwk` wRvmv Kib :
AvIqvgx jxMi cexbZg m`m Ges kL gywRei GKRb AZ Nwb
jvK wnme kL gywRei bZZ `k Kvbv DbwZ cZvkv KiZ cvi ej
Avcwb gb Kib wK?

gvkZvK cwivi fvlvq Reve `b :

bv, RvwZ Zvi bZZ Kvbv DbwZ cZvkv KiZ cvi bv|

GUvB hw` mwZ ne, Zvnj Avcbviv ZvK Qo hvQb bv Kb? iwk`i
G cki Di gvkZvK ejb : GUvI Avmj AZUv mnR bq| `ki G
cwiwwZZ KD hw` kL gywReK RviceK mwiq `qvi wmv wbq dj,
Zvnj Zv wK wVK ne? iwk`i G cki Di gvkZvKi Reve :
GwU GKwU AZ KwVb KvR| Ze KD hw` Zv KiZ cvi Zvnj meZ
mwU ne GKwU gnrKg|36

12 AvM 1975 dviK-dwi`v `wZi ZZxq weq evwlKx Dcj XvKv

Mjd Kve GK RuvKRgK Abyvbi AvqvRb Kiv nq| ivZ cxwZfvR kl
AwZw_`i mevB Pj hvIqvi ci dviK-iwk`i cvwievwiK QvU GKwU `j jb
Kwdi mv_ mvgvb bvv wbq AvjvcPvwiZvi Rb wgwjZ nq| GKmgq dviK
iwk`K GKw`K mwiq Gb Rvbvjb,37 Avwg 15 ZvwiLB Zv NUvZ hvwQ;
evi mKvjB Avwg gywReK Rxebi Zi mwiq w`wQ| G K_v b iwk`
34
35
36

37

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 57

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 58-59
DjL, 1975 -Gi AvMi c_g mvni Kvbv GKw`b evYevwoqv Rjvi Mfbi
mseabv Abyvb kl XvKv divi c_ gvkZvK Mfbi Avjg mvneK nvmZ nvmZ
ejwQjb, : Mfbi Zv nqQb, KvR i KiZ cvieb Zv?
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 3

62

124

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

PgK DVjb Ges AbKY Pzc _K wdmwdm Ki ejjb :

ZwoNwoZ me c nZ cvi|... cZzi dviK ejjb :

... GZ

GUvB Avgvi wmv| iYKkji cwiKbv Avgvi KvQ Zwi Kiv AvQ|
Avwg GKv nq MjI GwMq hve| Zzwg BQ Kij mi `uvovZ cviv| Ze
Rb iLv, Avwg e_ nj kvmKP ZvgvKI duvwmZ jUKve|

iwk` AveviI AbKY Pzc _K Aekl ejjb :

wVK AvQ! hw` KiZB nq, Ze Ki| wK Avgv`i G wbq AviI

AvjvPbv cqvRb| AviI wKQy Awdmvi Avgv`i m ivLv DwPZ|

nvZ gv `yw`b mgq| ciw`b 13 AvM `ycyi Kvbvic GcqUgU

QvovB iwk` AvMvgwmn& jb gvkZvKi evmvq DcwZ nb| gv 10 wgwbU
vqx AvjvPbvi Dk wQj 15 AvM wZwb XvKvq AvQb wKbv Zv Rvbv|
KgiZ Awdmvi`i wbq Kvbv fimv bB eySZ ci iwk` PvKwiPywZi
KviY gywRei cwZ wez AvwUjvwi Awdmvi WvwjgK Zvi mv_ Mi AvgY
Rvbvb| 13 AvM mKvj 10Uvq Wvwjg iwk`i KvUbgUi evmvq DcwZ
nb| iwk` A K_vq Pvi welq Rvwbq Zv`i mv_ Wvwjg hvM w`Z
ivwR wKbv RvbZ Pvb| Wvwjg Zvi ez gRi bii mv_ AvjvPbvmvc
iwk`i cve mZ nb Ges ivZ 1Uvq biK wbq cybt iwk`i evmvq
Avmb|
cwiKbvi wewfb w`K wbq Zv`i ga wevwiZ AvjvPbv AbywZ nq|
gywRei j gvkZvKK emvj cwiKbv mdj ne gb Ki biI Zv`i mv_
_vKZ ivwR nq Mj Ges gvkZvKi mwZi welq wekvm Rbvbvi Rb
ciw`b (14 AvM) weKvj 5Uvq AvbweK kw MelYv K`i myL _K
biK mv_ wbq iwk` gvkZvKi evwoZ hve wi nj|
h_vmgq cvweZ vb Gm iwk` Aci GKRb Awdmvimn biK `LZ
cq c_g BZZ KijI ci Zvi mv_ cwiwPZ nq Ges bi KZK
wekZvi Avkvm cq gRi kvnwiqvimn wZbRbB AvMvgwmn jb hvb|
cewbavwiZ Kvbv GcqUgU bv _vKjI gvkZvK Zv`iK AvwiK^vMZ Rvbvb I cii cwiwPZ nb| gRi iwk` GKRb jvKi PvKwii
mycvwik Kib Ges gvkZvK cv_xK ciw`b mKvj cvwVq w`Z ejb| meZ
G Kkj ciw`b mKvj gvkZvKi evmvq _vKvi welqwU wbwZ nq| Zvici
mvgvb mim-AvjvcPvwiZv kl Zviv ewiq Avm| bi I kvnwiqvi Gi
gvagB mewKQy eyS bq Ges h-Kvbv mgq, h-Kvbv aibi mnhvwMZv
Kivi Avkvm `q|
iwk` ivZB Wvwjg, bi Avi kvnwiqviK mvgwiK cwZ `Lv I
KkjMZ cwiKbvi wewfb w`K wbq AwaKZi AvjvPbvi Rb KvUbgU

AvM Kz

125

bk-Uwbs j wgwjZ nZ ej `q| mbvevwnbx _K PvKwiPywZi/c`ZvMi

ci j. Kbj myjZvb kvnwiqvi iwk` Lvb XvKvq gix GUvicvBR bvg cyibv
wUwf, wdR givgZi eemv i Kib| PvKwiPzZ Awdmvi`i ga Wvwjg, bi,
AvwRR cvkv, eRjyj `v cvqB gix GUvicvBR AvmZb I AvIqvgx jxM,
miKvi, kL gywRe I Abvb bZe`i wewfb KvhKjvc mK mgvjvPbv
KiZb|
ivZ Abygvb 10Uvq Wvwjg, AvwRR cvkv, eRjyj `v, bi Payix
kvnwiqvii evmvq hvb| wKQyY ci Wvwjg wMq ivk` PayixK wbq
Avmb| mevB wgj kvnwiqvii evmvq LvIqv-`vIqv Ki| bvbv aibi
AvjvPbvi GK chvq Wvwjg ejb h, wZwb wmwRGmi KvQ _K GmQb| Army
has been called on I.S. (Internal security) duty. Army will move out by first light .

gywhvv Awdmvi wnme wZwb mnhvwMZv Kivi Rb Avgv`iK Abyiva

KiQb| G welq wewfb w`K wbq AvjvPbvi ci I.S. duty -Z mKj Ask
bqvi wmv bq Ges mRb bZzb GqvicvU GjvKvq bvBU UwbsiZ gRi
iwk`i wZxq wd AvwUjvwii UKwUKj nWKvqvUvi ivZ (fvi) 01-00
_K 01-30Uvi ga cybivq GKwZ nIqv mve nq|
nZv-Awfhvb
ce-wbavwiZ mgqmwP Abyhvqx 14 AvM 1975 ivZ 10Uvq (gZvi 8Uvq)
XvKv KvUbgUi Diw`K bZzb wegvbe`ii KvQ evjyiNvU GjvKvq gRi
dviKi Aaxb38 1g ej jvvi (Uvevwnbx) I gRi iwk`i Aaxb39
2q wd AvwUjvwii (Kvgvbevwnbxi) h_40 bk-cwkY i nq| Dfq
BDwbUi cvq 600 mb cwkY Ask bq| gvSivZ gRi Wvwjg Zvi
PvKwiPzZ Abvb ez`i wbq wbavwiZ vb gRi iwk`i mv_ wgwjZ nb|
iwk` Zvi `j Avi 12wU UvK evSvB mk mb wbq Uv MviR dviKi
38

39
40

cvwKvb _K 1973 mvj wdi Gm hvM`vbKvix (wmwbqi) gRi gvwgbi wbKU 1g

ej jvvmi Kgvws Awdmvii `vwqZ Qo w`q dviKK Gi mK Bb Kgv
wnme KvR KiZ nq| G mgq j. Kbj gvwgb QywUZ _vKvq dviK fvicv Kgvws
Awdmvi wQjb
nZvKvi gv 26 w`b AvM gRi iwk` 2q wd AvwUjvwii Kgvws Awdmvi nb
GK GKvwaK BDwbUi bk cwkY Ask bqvi wbqg wQj bv| iwk`i Abyiva mbv
m`i Gi AbygwZ `q| GQvovI iwk` Rq`ecyi 16-Zg ej BbdwUi fvicv
AwabvqK gRi kvnRvnvbK Ges vqvWb wjWvi wjqvKZ I 46-Zg c`vwZK weMWi
weMW gRi nvwdRK Acvikb Ask bqvi Rb evisevi Abyiva Ki e_ nb| mbiv
Kv ARynvZ w`q kvnRvnvb cwkY Ask wbZ A^xKvi Kivq c wMq dviK
ge Ki, gb nQ me ej UvBMviB GLb cvlv weovj cwiYZ nq MQ

63

126

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

mv_ hvM `q| mLvb c_gevii gZv mevBK Acvikbi KviY I weeiY
evLv Ki dviK DcwZ Awdmvi`i (KgiZ I c`PzZ) hvM`vb ivwR wKbv
RvbZ PvBj mKjB mwZ Rvbvq|
dviK XvKv knii GKwU Uzwi gvc Uweji Dci iL, hme vb eK
vcb KiZ ne mme vb `vM KU `q| wZbwU cavb UvMU 1. kL gywRe
2. ie miwbqvevZ I 3. kL gwYi evwoZ AvNvZi `vwqZ h_vg : 1. gRi
bi Payix I gwnDwb 2. gRi Wvwjg I 3. wimvj`vi gymwjgi
(gymjnDwb) Ici `qv nq| iwk`i Ici `vwqZ `qv nq 1. Awfhvb ii
mv_ mv_ vqvWb wjWvi wjqvKZK Zvi wgM Rx wegvb wbq cZ ivLv-hvZ
evBi _K Kvbv mbv-BDwbU XvKvq Avmvi Pv Kij VwKq `qv hvq
2. gvkZvKK iwWI kb wbq Avmv Ges gywRenZv I cwmWU wnme
gvkZvKi bvg NvlYv Kiv I 3. weMW nWKvqvUvii DPc` Awdmvi`i
mg_b Av`vq Kiv| ixevwnbxK cwZiva Kivmn Acvikbi megq bZZ
MnY Kib dviK|
gywRe-miwbqvevZ-gwYK nZv, Rvgvj-KvgvjK ew` Kiv Qvov Avi
KvDK wKQy Kiv eviY Kiv njv| Ze, cwiKbvq evav mw KiZ cvi Ggb
h-KvDK cqvRbeva wbw Ki `qvi wb`k `qv nj| klv wb`kwU
eZ nZvhi cwiwa ck Kivi c_ Lyj `q|
Acvikb eivbvi AvM mwbK`i wewds `qv nq| mbvevwnbxZ
Awdmvi`i wewds Av`ki mgZzj| wewdsKvj ejv nq : ixevwnbx Avwgi
Dci AvgY Kie, cwZiva KiZ ne| GLb Avgv`i GKwU Riwi KvR
Ab RvqMvq hZ ne, cieZx wb`k mLvb wMq `qv ne| hvK hv AWvi
Kiv ne Zv cyivcywi cvjb KiZ ne, Ab_vq KvUgvkvj ne| AWvigZv
KvR bv Kij, wWDwUZ kw_j `Lv w`j, wj Ki gi djv ne| c`PzZ
Awdmvi`iK mwbK`i mv_ cwiPq Kwiq w`q ejv nq AvRKi G Riwi
KvR ZvivI _vKeb Ges Zv`i wb`kI cvjb KiZ ne| Gfve cKZ
Dki K_v bv ej mwbK`i auvKv `qv41 nq| Mfxi ivZ dviKi mB
Kiv wc cvwVq AvMvii Pvwe Gb BQgZv Avgywbkb msMn Kiv nq| mvw
bvqK Bqvwmbi fvlvq Agb Mvjvevi`i c Avi ewnmvwe wj bqvi NUbv
41

cieZx mgq gvgjv PjKvj KqKRb mvw RvwbqQb h, wewdsKvj kL gywRe

ivRZ NvlYv KiZ hvQ, miKvi DrLvZ Kiv ne cfwZI ejv nqQ| mb`i
gywRei evwoi mvgb bvwgq w`q gRi gwnDwb ejb : fZi wj nj fq cqv bv,
ILvb Avgv`i gRi Wvwjgi jvKRb AvQ| Gme A K_vq ivvq `uvovbv mbiv
eySZB cviwb fZi Kx NUvbv nqQ| mKvj Wvwjgi iwWI NvlYvq Zviv RvbZ
cvi gywReK nZv Kiv nqQ

AvM Kz

127

Rxeb `wLwb| fvi cb 5Uvi w`K dviKi evwnbx msMwVZ nq mY

cZ42 nq| iwk`i AvwUjvwi evwnbx 6wU 105 wg.wg. hyMvkvf nvDBURvi
(Kvgvb) I chv Mvjvevi` wbq bZzb wegvbe`ii cv `vqgvb QvovI
Aviv 11wU Kvgvb BDwbU nWKvqvUvi zmn gvZvqb ivLv nq| jvvi
MviR mvwiefve 28wU Uv,42/1 12wU UvK, 3wU wRc I GKwU Kvgvb
`vqgvb| GQvov iqQ iYmvR mwZ evQvBKiv 400 mbi43 GKwU
kwkvjx `j| G`i `yB-ZZxqvskB wQj jvvii Kvjv Dw` cwiwnZ| gwY,
gywRe, miwbqvevZ -GB wZbwU UvMUi Dk Kvjvevwnbx wZbwU `j fvM
nq hvv i Ki| fqi G wgkbi `yi hvvq dviK wQj mevMi
UvwUZ| KvUbgU _K ewiq AvmZB fm Gj dRii mygayi AvRvbi
awb| evi dRii AvRvbi mgqB dviK fwg nqwQj| AvRvbi awb
ZvK Rbw`bi K_v iY Kwiq w`wQj| Zvi wekvm AvRI m, nq beRxebi mPbv Ki evsjv`ki BwZnvm AgvPbxqfve Zvi bvg Aq Ki
ivLe, bvnq, dvqvwis vqvW gZzi Kvj Xj coe| AvMi w`b weKj x
dwi`vi gvag cv Avv nvwdR wb`wkZ `ywU myiv gbcvY Avi GKevi wZwb
cvV Ki wbjb|
fvi mvqv 5 Uvi ga NvZK`jjv Zv`i wbR wbR Me cuQ
hvq| ixevwnbxi evivKi KvQ cuQ dviK `LZ cvq 3,000
ixevwnbxi cyiv weMWwU 6wU mvwiZ hy mvR mwZ nq (gv_vq wji
njgU, nvZ ivBdj, Kuva cqvRbxq mvgMxi evwj) `uvwoq AvQ| fq
Zvi `g e nIqvi Dcg nq| GLb Avwg Kx Kie? Uvi WvBfvii Gcki Reve dviK ejjb, ... Zzwg Zv`i bvKi WMvi gv QBw `i w`q
mvgb GwMq hve| Kvgvbjv Zv`i gv_v eivei ZvK Ki ivLvi Rb wZwb
42
42/1

43

cvwKvwb AwfZvq KZci aviYv RbwQj h, wec` memgq mbvcwZ`i w`K

_KB Avm| ZvB Rywbqvi Awdmvi`i loh Mvq`v`iI `w Gwoq hvq
hvwK MvjhvMi Rb wgki KZK DcZ 30wU wU-54 Uvi ga 2wU AKRv wQj|
Awfhvb AskMnYKvix Aewk 28wUI wQj GKevi wjkb| Uvi mKj Mvjvevi`
Rq`ecyii AWbv wWcvZ Zvjve Ki ivLv wQj| GgbwK Uvi gwkbMvbjvZI
Kvbv wj wQj bv| dviK Uvjv w`q mevBK auvKv w`q KvR nvwmj Ki| Zvi
fvlvq, Uvjv h wbi Zv Rbvij nWKvqvUvii gywgq KqKRb gv AeMZ
wQj| wK ZvivI cyivcywi wbwZ wQj bv| evwK mKji KvQB Uv AZ gvivK
A, Gi mvgb hv co meB DwoZ w`Z cvi|... Uv `L Rxebi fq cvjvevi Pv
Kie bv, Ggb mvnmx jvK LyeB Kg cvIqv hve| ... gbvwK A wnmve Uv h
KZUv KhKix Zv Lye Kg jvKB Rvb| ZvQvov, K-B ev AvgvK AZUv cvMj fvee h,
Avwg wRGBPwKD Avi ixevwnbxi gvKvejv Kivi Rb GKevi duvKv Uv wbq GZeo
fqi Awfhvb cv evove! (Avwb, c~ev, cv 72)
AwabvqK`i Qvov cwZwU BDwbU gv 4 Rb Ki Awdmvi DcwZ wQj| cyivcywi wekvm
KiZ bv cvivq `yRb Awdmvi I wKQy mbK gnov _K ev` `qv nq| gZvi
mbmsLv wQj 250 _K 300 Rb

64

128

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Mvbvi`i wb`k w`jb Ges Ab`iK fvefwZ mvnmx fve dzwUq ivLZ
ejjb| G cm dviK Aviv ejb : 44
Avgiv hLb I`i cvk w`q hvwQjvg, ixevwnbxi jvKiv ZLb AevK nq
Avgv`i w`K ZvwKq `LwQj| Avgiv Zv`i w`K Zxfve ZvwKq
wQjvg| m wQj GK fqi Aev| Avwg WvBfviK ejjvg, hw` Iiv wKQy
KiZ i Ki Agwb Avi `wi bv Ki I`i DciB Uv Pvwjq `e|
Zvi Avi `iKvi nqwb| `i _K fm-Avmv wji AvIqvR Zv`i Kvb
evRZ jvMjv| Z`ycwi, wbR`i mvgb nVvr Uv `L, Iiv Mvqi gkv
ch bvovevi mvnm cj bv|

ixevwnbxi c _K Kvbvic cwZwqv45 bv `L dviK wbwZ nq

Zvi wec`i mvebv KU MQ Ges weRq Aekvex| H Aevq ixevwnbxK
cvnviv `qvi Rb GKwU Uv iL m avbgwi w`K iIqvbv nq|
Aev` gb nq, fvM gywRei, Zuvi cwievii I Avxq^Rbi wei
KvR KiwQj| 10 AvM wQj gywRei QvUevbi gqi weq| weq Dcj
Zuvi Avxq^Rb XvKvq Rov nqwQj| 14 AvM wQj miwbqvevZi gvqi
Pnjvg| mRb AwZw_`i AbKB XvKvq _K wMqwQjb Ges UvMUKZ
wZb cwievii mevB avbgwi mwbwnZ ^ `ieZx GjvKvq Aevb KiwQjb|
gywRei fwMcwZ Avyi ie miwbqvevZ ZLb ebv wbqY, cvwb m`,
we`y, grm I ccvjb gw| Zuvi gwcvov evmfeb gv GKRb cywjk
cvnviviZ wQj| gRi Wvwjgi bZZvaxb AvgYKvixiv cuQB cnixK wj
Ki| wji k mevB RM IV| miwbqvevZ dvb gywReK mvnvh cvVvbvi
K_v ejZ wMq Zuvi evwoI Avv Rb Avi GKwUI K_v bv ej, dvb
bvwgq weQvbvi Dci em cob| Zuvi 30 eQi eqmx Qj Aveyj nvmbvZ
Ave`yjvn& IV Rvbvjvi cvk w`q AvMZ Kvjv Dw`civ mb`i j Ki Zvi
KvQ _vKv bMvb w`q gvMwRb kb bv nIqv ch wj QyoZ _vK| wj
dzwiq Mj Aviv wji Rb evwoi DciZjvq Avm| ZZY mbiv Dci
IV Avmvi eyUi AvIqvR cq m jvd w`q wPjKvVvi gSZ/Pvj em

44
45

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 74

G mgq ixevwnbxi Kgvws Awdmvi weMwWqvi bivgvb we`k Ges mK Bb Kgv
Kbj mvwen DwbI QywUZ (we`k) wQjb| GKwU evwnbxi cavb `yB KgKZv Kxfve
GKB mv_ QywUZ _vKZ cvi-Zv evaMg bq| ZvQvov, dviKi evwnbx ewiq Avmvi
mgq 4_ I 1g ej c`vwZKevwnbxi wcwUiZ mwbK`i mv_ `Lv nq| Zviv mKjB
wWj e Ki Uv eniK nvZ bvwoq fQv Rvbvq| AZ Avhi evcvi h,
Uvi AZeo eni Zv`i wbR^ cwkY GjvKv Qvwoq evBi hZ `LI Kviv gb
Kvbv m`n RvM wb

AvM Kz

129

65

130

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

co| Avi mfvMg GZB m euP hvq|46

mbiv gynZi ga kqbK XzK, weQvbvq em dvjdvj Ki ZvwKq
_vKv miwbqvevZK wj Ki nZv Ki| Zvici Zviv evwoi mevBK ai wbq
WBsig Rov Ki| wgwbU wekK ai _g _g PjwQj wji AvIqvR Avi
KvbdvUv wPrKvi| GKmgq `i ivvq mb`i eyUi AvIqvR wgwjq hvq|
Gici `y-GKwU MvOvwbi k Qvov meB wb| AvgYKvixiv Pj MQ
eySZ ci nvmbvZ AwZ mcY wbP bg Gm `L WBsig KmvBLvbvq
cwiYZ nq MQ| PZzw`K Kej i, gZ`n Avi fvOvPov Avmeveci
c| Zvi x, gv Avi wek eQii GKwU evb iZi AvnZ| `yB Kbv mvdvi
cQb cvwjq AZ Aevq KuvcQ| Zvi wcZv, cuvP eQii Qj, `k I
cbiv eQii `ywU evb, GMviv eQii QvUfvB, PvPvZ fvB knx`, Avqv,
KvRi Qj I ewikvj _K AvMZ RbK ezi jvk Qwoq-wQwUq co AvQ|
wimvj`vi gvmjnDwb `yUvK mb wbq cuQvgvB kL gwY k cq
Nyg _K RM IV Zviv Zvi evwo cvnviv w`Z GmQ wKbv RvbZ Pvb Ges
Abyi nq wbP bg Gj gvmjn Dwb ZvK ai djvi Pv Ki|
kviMvj b H gynZ Zvi mvZ gvmi Atmv x AviRy gwY ^vgxK
euvPvbvi Rb jvd w`q mvgb wMq `uvovq| Avi Agwb bMvbi evk dvqvi
DfqB gZzi Kvj Xj cob| evwoi Avi KvDK k bv Ki msw A_P
bksmfve wgkb mb Ki gvmjn Dwb gywRei evwoi Dk Mvwo
Pvwjq `q|
gwnDwb, bi Avi `vi bZZvaxb cavb NvZK`jwU avbgwi Z`vwbb
32 b^i moK cuQ gywRei 677 b^i evwoi mvgb, ce I cwg cekgyL
Ges Avkcvki evwoi Qv` mb gvZvqb47 Ki| evwowUi PZzw`K wNi dj
wgicyi ivW jKi cvo gywRei evwoi gyLvgywL emvbv nq GKwU nvDBURvi|
cKwZi AgvN wbqg cevKvk Dw`Z nq jvj mh| weDMji myi RvZxq
msMxZi gQbvi mv_ DvwjZ nq RvZxq cZvKv| Avwg MvW`i Kvj-fvii
cvjve`ji mgq NU RNb AvgY|
evwoi GjvKvi evBii cniviZ mk cywjk fvwi A mwZ Dw`civ mb
`L foK hvq Ges Kvbv cKvi ev`vbyev` QvovB AvmgcY Ki| MU

cniviZ jvvi cnixiv Zv`iB wKQy mnKgx Avi Awdmvi `L cfvweZ48 nq

co, Zv`i Kgv Gv KUvj fO co Ges Zviv NvZK`i Kzg Zvwgj
KiZ eva nq|
miwbqvevZi evmvq `yZKvix`i AvgYi msev` cq49 gywRe
BUviKg Zvi wimcmwb Kvg iwmWU wcG gwnZzj BmjvgK cywjk
KUvjig Uwjdvb jvMvZ ejb| wKQyY ci wZwb `vZjv _K wbP
bg Avmb| cywjk KUvjig bv cq gwnZzj MYfeb GP cvq wK
mLvbI KD Di `q bv| gywRe gwnZzji nvZ _K wiwmfvi wbq Avwg
cwmWU kL gywRe ejwQ ejvi mv_ mv_B GKSuvK wj `wYw`Ki
Rvbvjvi KuvP fO Awdm Ki `qvj Gm jvM| gywRe Uweji cvk q
cob| AY ci wj e nj wZwb DV eviv`vq Gm Avwg mwU, cywjk
mwU, GZ wj PjQ, Zvgiv Kx Ki? ej Dci IV Mjb| Avyi ingvb
igvi WvK Nyg _K IV nvdcvU I Mw cwiwnZ kL Kvgvj G mgq wbP
eviv`vq Gm Avwg fvB, cywjk fvB, mevB Avgvi mv_ Avmyb ejvi mv_ mv_
KqKRb Kvjv I LvwK-cvkvKavix mk jvK mvgb Gm ZvK wj Ki|
evwoi wbivcvi `vwqZ wbqvwRZ wWGmwc bij Bmjvg cywjkK cvv wj
Pvjvevi wb`k `b| Avwg kL gywRei Qj kL Kvgvj-Avh I wav wgwkZ
K G-K_v DPvwiZ nIqvgv eRjyj `v nvm Avc ejB KvgvjK wj
Ki nZv50 Ki| wjZ gwnZzj Ges bij BmjvgI AvnZ nb| Gici
NvZKiv duvKv wj KiZ KiZ `vZjvq hvq, Avi Gw`K Aviv 20/25 Rb
mbv evwoi fZi XvK| Abw`K, Zv`i mvcvU w`Z gRi gwnDwbi
wb`k nvDBURvi _K wbwcZ nq iKU| iKUi c_g `ywU avbgw jKi
`ycvk wMq co| Gici Zviv Kvgvb DuwPq AviI KqK ivD Mvjv wbc

46

49

47

Avwb gvmKvivbnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 78-80

gywRei avbgwi evwoi AbZg Avwg MvW Kgvvi Avyj MwY nZv gvgjvq Zvi mv
ejb h, 14 AvM 1975 weKvj Abygvb 4Uv I 5Uvq h_vg Wvwjg I `v gvUi
mvBKjhvM gywRei evwo iwK Ki hvq

48

50

1975 mvji RyjvB ch gywRei avbgwi evwo I MYfebi cnivi `vwqZ wQj 1g
ej jvvii| RyjvBqi klw`K Zv cwieZb Ki Kzwgjv _K 1g wd AvwUjvwii
GKwU evUvwi Gb Zv`i Ici b Kiv nq| gRi Wvwjg, cvkv I `v H AvwUjvwii
Awdmvi wQj| MvW Kgvvi nvwej`vi Avyj MwYi gZ, Zv`i iwRgUi mye`vi gRi
Avyj Iqvnve Rvqvi`vi 15 AvM fvi Abygvb mvqv 4Uvi w`K Gm Zv`i MvW PK
Kib Ges bZzb wj `e ej cyibv wj wbq bZzb wj bv w`qB MvwoZ DV Pj
hvq| dj Zv`i c NvZK`i Pvj Kiv me nqwb, eis cvYfq Zviv MvW ig
Avkq bq| Ze DjL h, cieZxKvj nZv gvgjvq Rvqvi`vii wei wj wbq
bIqvi AwfhvM m`nvZxfve cgvwYZ nqwb
meZ miwbqvevZi dvb cq gywRe Nyg _K RM IVb
Avwb gvmKvibvm DjL KiQb h, kL Kvgvj Ges Rvgvj Zv`i bMvb wbq
ki wei hy wj nq `yRb mbK AvnZ Ki| wK AYi gaB wmuwoi
Mvovq wjwe nq wbnZ nq| (c~ev, cv-75)

AvM Kz

131

Ki hvi GKwU cvq 6 wK.wg. `i gvnv`cyi GK wenvixi evwoZ co `yew

wbnZ I KqKRb AvnZ nq|
evwoi fZi XzKB Zviv wbPZjvi cwZwU ig cvjvg Zjvkx Ki Ges
gwnZzj, wWGmwc bij Bmjvg, Uwjdvb wgw Avyj gwZb, ivLvj AvwRR,
KvRi eyqv, Gmwei Awdmvi wmwKzi ingvb I Abvb cywjk`i MUi cvk
Gb jvBb Ki `uvo Kivq| nVvr GKRb Avwg Gm Gmwei AwdmviK wj
Ki Ges KqKRb AvwgK mLvb cnivq iL evwKiv gRi gwnDwbi
bZZ dvqvi KiZ KiZ `vZjvq DV hvq|
Gw`K `vZjvq IV gywRe AvgY cwZnZ Kivi Rb c_gB ixevwnbxi
m`i `i dvb Kib| ixevwnbxi Kgvws Awdmvi weMwWqvi byivgvb I
UzAvBwm Kbj mvwenDwb DfqB ZLb `ki evBi| AbKvbv wmwbqi
AwdmviKI wgjvZ bv ci wZwb mbvevwnbxi vdcavb Rbvij kwdDjvn,
Zuvi (gywRei) mvgwiK mwPe weMwWqvi gvkij nK I mvgwiK
Mvq`vwefvMi cwiPvjK Kbj Rvwgj Dwb Avng`K dvb Ki Awej^
mvnvh cvVvevi wb`k `b|
Rbvij kwdDjvn Kvbv KvhKix eev MnY Kib wb ev MnY e_51
nb| weMwWqvi gvkij nK dvb cq gywRei GwWwmq Kvb kixd
AvwRR I Kgvvi Mvjvg ievbxmn QyU Avmb Ges gywRei evwoi KvQvKvwQ
Gm NvZKevwnbxi nvZ ew` nb (ci dviK Zv`i gywi eev Ki)| Kbj
Rvwgj msev` cvIqvgv dvmK `Z Zwi nq gywRei evwoZ hvIqvi wb`k
w`q MvDb cwiwnZ AevqB wbRi ewMZ Mvwo wbq iIqvbv nb Ges wgicyi
ivW mvenvbevM gmwR`i KvQ (gZvi gywRei evwoZ XvKvi cvvj)
NvZK`i wjZ wbnZ nb|
GiB ga NvZKiv evwoi me Qwoq coQ Ges gywRei mvb cwZwU
51

Rbvij kwdDjvn `vwe Kib, NvZK`i AvgYi msev` cqB wZwb Kbj kvdvqvZ
RvwgjK wZbwU c`vwZK evUvwjqbK wbq Zv`iK cwZnZ Kivi wb`k `b Ges Lvj`
gvkviidK 46 weMW wMq kvdvqZ RvwgjK mvnvh Kivi wb`k `b| wK
kvdvqvZ Rvwgj G `vwe A^xKvi Ki ejb : mbvcavb kwdDjvn GB we`vn mK
msev` cq Aci `yB evwnbx cavb I mbvwbevm AevbiZ BDwbU Kgvvi`i mv_
hvMvhvM Kiv wbqB e _vKb| wZwb KvDK cwZiva-D`vM bqvi civgk ev wb`k
`bwb| AwaK, mbvcavbi wb`k wmwRGm Lvj` gvkviid kvdvqvZi Kgv
AwaMnY Kivq Zvi (kvdvqvZ) D`vM mbcvq we`vn `gb cwZ Avi KvhKix nIqvi
myhvM cvqwb| Afzvb-cPv bmvZ wbewgjK nvgjv Kivi Rb `yNv mgq cqvRb|
mbvcavb D`vM wbj gywReK euvPvZ bv cvijI dviK-iwk`-gvkZvKi Kz-K
cwZnZ Kiv me nZ|

66

132

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Kvgiv ZbZb Ki Pl eovQ| nVvr, AcZvwkZfve gwnDwb ZuvK `vZjvi

wmuwoi Mvovq `uvovbv `LZ cvq| gywRei ewZ GZ cej wQj h, gyLvgywL
nZB gwnDwb gbvej nvwiq bZRvby nq co Ges AvgZv-AvgZv Ki ej :
mvi, Avcwb Avmyb| GgZvevq agKi myi gywRe ejb :
Zvgiv Kx PvI? Zvgiv wK AvgvK Lyb KiZ PvI? fzj hvI! cvwKvwb
mbvevwnbx Zv KiZ cviwb| Zvgiv wK gb Kiv-Zv KiZ cvie?

Ggb mgq gRi bi mLvb cuQ GK-gynZI `wi bv Ki wPrKvi w`q

gwnDwbK GKcvk mwiq AvevjZvevj eKZ eKZ Kuvai bMvb w`q
evk dvqvi Ki|52 wji AvNvZ53 Zuvi `n wKQyUv wcwQq wMq wbR nq
gyL _yeo54 co wmuwoi gv_vq| evOvwj RvZxqZvev`i gnvb bZvi cvYnxb `n
wmuwo w`q wKQy`i Mwoq wMq _g hvq, gv KqK Nv ci huvi XvKv
wekwe`vjq cwi`kb Kivi K_v wQj|
gywReK nZv Ki bi, `v, gwnDwb mevB wbP bg MUi mvgb
ivvq Pj hvq| Aev eMwZK `L kL Rvgvj55 cwievii mKj m`m`i
gywRei kqbK Gb RgvqZ Kib| Ggb mgq gRi AvwRR cvkv,
wimvj`vi gvmjn Dwb Zv`i dvmmn MUi mvgb Avm| AvwRR cvkv
Zvi dvm wbq `vZjvq IV Gm kqbKi `iRv Lyj w`Z ej Ges bvLvjvq `iRvq wj Ki| eMg gywRe ZLb `iRv Lyj mvgb Gm Zv`i bv
52

53

54

55

gywRenZvi eYbvwU Avwb gvmKvibnvmi c~ev Mi 77 cv _K bqv| Ze,

nZv gvgjvi 8 bs mvx gRi kvnv`vZ nvmb Lvb, gRi `vi RevwbZ ejb : Avwg
hLb `jejmn eezi KvQ hvB, wZwb ZLb ejb : Zvgiv Kb Avgvi evmvq GmQ?
K Zvgv`i cvwVqQ? kwdDjvn Kv_vq? -GB ewjqv AvgvK SUKv gvi| ZLb Avwg
co hvB| Gici Avgiv eezK wj Kwi| (W. gvnv` nvbbvb, c~ev, eez nZvi
wePvii BwZnvm, cv 165)
gywRei eyK, cU, nvZ I Mvqi wewfb vb 29wU (gZvi 35wU) wji ZwP
wQj| GKwU eyjU wcV w`q XzK eyK w`q ei nq| WvbnvZi evOzwji Dcii Ask wQj
wewQb Ges kvnv`vZ AOzwjwU wQj wji AvNvZ Quov| `ycvqi Mvovwji iM wQj KvUv|
Zuvi cib wQj ami iOi PK jywO, Mvq kv`v Mw I kv`v cvvwe| meB igvLv|
WvbnvZ aiv wQj agcvbi wcq cvBc I evgnvZ gvP (?) cvkB co wQj Kvjv
dgi Pkgv GKRvov mvj I GKwU Zvqvj
nZv KiI NvZK`i ckvwPKZv ckwgZ nqwb| G`i GKRb (NvZK gvmjn Dwb?)
KvQ _K gywReK `Lvi myhvM bv cvIqvq Zvi cvqi eyU wbvY-`ni wbP XzwKq w`q
AZ eeivwPZfve nPKv Uvb gZ`nK Dwq m mva c~iY Ki| Gi cvq 4 Nv
ci Kbj gwkDjv I Kbj gvngy`yj nvmvbi bZZ Z_ `dZii RbK
dUvMvdvi H Aevq Zuvi Qwe IVvq
wejZi mvnv wgwjUvwi GKvWwg _K cwkY kl Ki m` weevwnZ Rvgvj mK
jdUbvU wnme mbvevwnbxZ KvR KiwQjb

AvM Kz

133

gvivi Rb KvKzwZ-wgbwZ Kib| KqKRb mwbK eMg gywRe, kL bvmi,

kL ivmj I GKRb PvKiK (igv) mLvb _K ei Ki wbq Avm| wmuwoZ
^vgxi iv jvk `L eMg gywRe _gK `uvovb Ges eyKdvUv wPrKvi Ki
ejZ _vKb, Avwg Avi Kv_vI hve bv, AvgvK GLvbB gi djv|
NvZKiv ZLb bvmi, ivmj I PvKiwUK wbP wbq MUi cvk jvBb `uvo
Kivq Ges eMg gywReK cybivq kqbK wbq hvq| Gici AvwRR cvkv I
gvmjn Dwb kqbKi mKjK AZ KvQ _K evk dvqvi Ki
wb`qfve nZv Ki| Iiv ZLb gZ IV ii wj Ljvq| wj Ki ev
Dwoq w`q GKi ci GK `iRv Lyj evk dvqvi Ki NijvK SuvSov Ki
`q-hb GKUv cvYxI euP bv _vKZ cvi|
kL bvmii nvZ AvMB wj jMwQj Ges eMg gywRe Zuvi kvwoi cvo
wQuo Zvb eua w`qwQjb| RbK mcvB ZvK MUi cvki jvBb _K
ei Ki Awdm msjM ev_ig wbq wj Ki| wj Lq wZwb hLb KvZiK
cvwb cvwb ej wPrKvi KiwQjb ZLb GKRb mcvB Aci GKRbK ej : hv
cvwb w`q Avq| wZxq mcvBwU ZLb mB ev_ig wMq bvmiK cybt wj
Ki wPiZi Zv wgwUq `q|
myjZvbv Kvgvj, ivRx Rvgvj, gywRei m` weevwnZv56 `yB cyea 10
eQii wk ivmji Mjv Rwoq ai weQvbvq MovMwo hvwQj| mcvBiv
Zv`iK RNbfve Ub Avjv`v Ki| ivmj ZLb Avjbv I Abvb
Avmeveci Avovj cvwjq euvPvi Pv Ki| mcvBiv ZvK LuyR ei Ki
wbP wbq Gm jvBb `uvo Kivq| Aeva wk ZLb gvqi KvQ hvIqvi Rb
AvKzwj weKzwj Ki| gRi bii wb`k GK nvwej`vi IK gvqi KvQ wbq
hvIqvi K_v ej Ici kqbK wbq wj Ki| gv_vi gMR I Pz ei nq
hvIqv ivmji `n jywUq co Zvi gvqi gZ`ni KvQ!
mbv`i jyUcvU
wKQyY ci BDwbdig cwiwnZ Wvwjg I dviK gywRei evwoi MUi mvgb
Avm| dviKi Lei Kx wRvmvi Reve `v msw Di `q : Aj Avi
wdwbkW| `vi G mebvkv Dwi wb`kb^ic bii Kcvj ZLbv jMwQj
ZvRv ii `vM| nZvhi cyivi wnme dviKi wb`k ZvrwYKfve
jvii GKRb Awdmvi Kvb `vK gRii evR Ges `v mye`vi gRi
Iqvnve Rvqvi`viK Abvivwi jdUbvUi iv cwiq `q| Gici Wvwjg I
dviK ewiq co h_vg iwWI evsjv`k I KvUbgUi Dk| Avi
56

mwVK A_B Zv`i nvZi weqi gnw`i iO ZLbI gyQ hvqwb

67

134

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Gw`K AvgYKvixiv gZ IV jyUcvU| AvwUjvwi Avi jvvii Awdmvi,

Rvqvb Avi GbwmIivI ev` hvqwb| h hfve ciQ, `ynvZ jyUQ| evwoi
cwZwU Kvgivi cwZwU Avjgvwi, Wqvi I Abvb Avmevec fO/Lyj gjevb
mvgMx nvfvimK XzKvq, evwK me Qwoq wQwUq ZQbQ Ki| Iqvnve
Rvqvi`vi57 Avjgvwi _K GKwU wedKm ei Ki Gi ga fi bq
^Yvjvi Avi we`kx gy`v| iwWI, Uwjwfkb cfwZ fvwi gvjvgvj Zviv ivvi
cvk `vqgvb GKwU wRc DwVq wbq hZI fvjwb|58
gZv `Lj
Gw`K mKjK cjqix wgkb cvwVq w`q iwk` mvRv Pj hvq vqvWb
wjWvi wjqvKZi evmvq| ZvK Nyg _K RvwMq cecwiKbvgZv wgM wbq
cZ nZ ejb| wK wjqvKZ wegvbevwnbxi cavbi wb`k Qvov wKQy KiZ
cvie bv Rvbvj iwk` mv_ mv_ 46Zg c`vwZK weMWi gRi nvwdRi
KvQ hvq| 16Zg B eji gRi kvnRvnvb Rq`ecyi _K Gm
AvgYKvix`i mv_ wgwjZ nZ A^xKvi Kivq iwk` nvwdRK w`q 1g B
ejK Zv`i mv_ RwoZ Kivi Pv Ki| Zvi cZvkv wQj, Awfhvb i
nq MQ Rvbj nvwdR hvM w`Z BZZ Kie bv| wK kl ch
nvwdRI iY f w`q weMW Kgvvi ev mbvcavbi wb`k Qvov wKQy KiZ
cvie bv ej Rvbvq| mk iwk` ZLb nvwdRK wbq Zvi Kgvws Awdmvi
kvdvqvZ Rvwgji D`k iIqvbv nq|
Kbj Avwgb Avng` (mbvm`i) I gRi nvwdRmn iwk` hLb kvdvqvZ
Rvwgji evmvi KvD XvK ZLbB avbgwi w`K nvDBURvii Mvjv
wbci AvIqvR fm Avm| `iRv avv w`q Nyg fvwOq iwk` kvdvqvZK
ej :
DB nvf KvcPviW U cvIqvi Avvi L`Kvi gvkZvK| kL BR wK|
WvU UB Uz UK Gwb GKkb GMBb Avm&|
57

58

Iqvnve Rvqvi`viK ivcwZi wbivcvi KvR AevbiZ mbv`i eZb wewj KiZ
GKw`bi Rb XvKvq cvVvbv nqwQj| wK nZvKvi AbKw`b ci m Zvi Kgj
Kzwgjvq di Ges wbRgyL nZvKvi ci jycvUi K_v weeZ Ki
Kzi ci Wvwjg, bi, kvnwiqvi, gvR` I Bwwbqvmi wKQy mb evsjv`k eZvi febi
Afi Aevb KiZv Ges XvKv I Avkcvki wewfb eemvqx`i ai Gb Rvi Ki
UvKv-cqmv Av`vq KiZv (KYj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj, GKvii gywhy, iv ga AvM I
lovhgq bf^i, c~ev, cv 128)| Afzvbi mv_ RwoZ wKQy Aemicv Awdmvi
cPzi UvKv evwbqQb ej iwk` wbwZ Ki ejQb (Avwb, c~ev, cv 98)|
dviKi wece-miKvwi kvmbh wbgj Kivi gnvb Awfhvb-wekl Ki kL gywReK
nZv Kivi Avmj Dk-Zvi gZ GRb e_Zvq chewmZ nq

AvM Kz

135

b kvdvqvZ z, kvKvwffZ I wKsKZewegp nq cob| wVK mB

gynZ dvb mbvcavb kwdDjvn ZvK gywRei evwo Avv nIqvi Lei
Rvbvb (gZvi weMW wbq gywRei mvnvh hZ wb`k `b)| iwk` ZLb
wRc wbq avbgwi w`K QyU hvq|
gywRei evwoZ cuQ iwk` `LZ cvq mewKQyB bxie, wb| mbiv
evwoi evBi Unj w`Q| Abw`K ixevwnbx dviKi Uvi KvQ civ|
Rbvij nWKvqvUvi kvK gyngvb| Awfhvbi mvdj iwk` GZB cjy nq
co h, wbRivB gZv `Lji K_v fveZ i Ki| wK iwWIZ
Wvwjgi NvlYv59 b iwk`i fvebvq Q` co| c_gZ Wvwjgi gZv GKRb
PvKzwiPzZ Rywbqi Awdmvi KZK NUvbv Afzvb mK XvKvi evBii
weMWjvZ ck DVe| wZxqZ gywRei cyiv cwievi LZg Kiv nqQ RvbZ
cvij Rbmg_b Zv`i wec Pj hve Ges GRb AvRvwZKfveI Zviv
wbw`Z ne| dj wbR`i viv gZv `Lji wPv gb _K gyQ dj iwk`
GKwU Uv cQb wbq `Z AvMvgwm jbi w`K Zvi wRc QywUq `q Ges
gvkZvKK wbq iwWI Awdm cuQ|60 Gici wZb evwnbx cavbK Gb
AvbyMZ cKvki gvkZvKKZ cveK iwk` Dg weePbv Ki KvUbgU
iIqvbv nq|
gywRe wbnZ wbwZ nq dviK ivRavbxi wbivcv weavbi Rb Zvi eni
_K 10wU Uv wbq ixevwnbxi m`i `i hvq| mvwiefve mvRvbv
Uvjv `L ix evwnbxi fvicv Kgvws Awdmvi fq _i_i Ki KuvcZ
_vK| webvhy Rqjvf Ki dviK ixevwnbxK m-gynZ _K mbvevwnbxi
mv_ GKxfZ NvlYv Ki ej h, Zv`iK GLb _K mbvevwnbxi m`i
`dZii wb`k Abyhvqx KvR KiZ ne| GKB mv_ m dvb DwVq G welq
wgwjUvwi Acvikbmi cwiPvjK Kbj bi Dwbi mv_ Avjvc Ki wbq
KvUbgU Pj hvq| mLvb 1g ej iwRgU XvKvi gyL ivvq Aevb
wbq m mvcvB Gv UvcvU Kvvwbi mvwie Mvwojvi Dci nwf

68

136

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

gwkbMvb viv dvqvi61 Ki| GZ KqKwU Mvwo wZM nq I KqKRb

mwbK AvnZ nq|
iwk` Pj hvIqvi ci `Z BDwbdig co kvdvqvZ Rvwgj weMW
nWKvqvUvi hvIqvi c_ Dc-mbvcavb wRqvi evmvq hvb| wRqv ZLb mf
KiQb| iwk`i K_v Avi kwdDjvni dvbi eYbv w`q kvdvqvZ wRqvi wbKU
KiYxq mK w`K wb`kbv Pvb| cwZDi kvK wRqv ejb :
cwmWU hw` euP bv _vKb, fvBm-cwmWU Zv AvQb| Zvgiv
62
nWKvqvUvi hvI Ges cieZx wb`ki Rb Acv Kiv|

15 AvM 1975 mKvj avvi k cq `iRv Lvj mbvcavb kwdDjvn

Zvi wWGgAvB j. Kbj mvjvDwbi wbKU Avgvi I AvwUjvwi kni (iwWI
mUvi, MYfeb, avbgwi 32 b^i ivW) hvQ RvbZ cq kwZ nq
ZvrwYKfve kvdvqvZ RvwgjK (mvjvDwbi gvag I dvb) wZbwU
c`vwZK evUvwjqb w`q Zv`i cwZnZ Kivi wb`k63 `b| wKQyY ci gywRe
wbnZ b wZwb Aci `yevwnbxi cavb Ges mbv-Dccavb I wmwRGmK Zvi
evmvq AvmZ ejb| 15/20 wgwbUi ga bvBU Wm wmwRGm Lvj`
gvkviid, cvU-kvU wegvbcavb Avyj Kwig L`Kvi, wKb-mfW avc-`yi
BDwbdig mbv-Dccavb wRqvDi ingvb I b-cavb gvkviid nvmb Lvb
Gm cuQvb| msw AvjvPbvq Rvbv hvq, gv wUKq KgiZ I cvb
Rywbqi Awdmvi `ywU BDwbUi wKQy mbmnhvM G nZvKv NwUqQ| ZvB GwU
hb cyiv AvwgZ Qwoq bv co ev cyiv Avwg hb DQLj bv nq co Zvi
eev MnYi wmv nq| mwdDjvn kvdvqvZ RvwgjK mvnvh Kivi Rb
Lvj` gvkviidK 46Zg weMW hvIqvi wb`k `b| wK wRqv Gi
weivwaZv Ki kwdDjvnK ejb : 'Don't send him, he is going to spoil it.'
wKQyY ci iwWIZ gywRenZvi NvlYv b kwdDjvn wZ nq cob| G
mgq wRqv kwdDjvnK Avevi ejb :
wmwRGm Lvj` gvkviidK Avi evBi hZ w`I bv| ZvK ejv Ops

59

60

nZvKv NUvbvi ciciB Wvwjg Zvi mbmvg wbq iwWI Awdm Mgb Ki| mk
mb`i `L cniviZ cywjk I ixevwnbx `j AvmgcY Ki| Ai gyL UvwgUvi Ab
Kwiq Wvwjg NvlYv `q : Avwg gRi Wvwjg ejwQ, ^ivPvi kL gywReK nZv Kiv
nqQ, L`Kvi gvkZvK Avng`i bZZ mbvevwnbx gZv `Lj KiQ| Kvdy Rvwi Kiv
nqQ| NvlYvq Aviv ejv nq : `k mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi Kiv nqQ| evsjv`k GLb
_K Bmjvgx cRvZ bvg cwiwPZ ne| (W. gvnv` nvbbvb, c~ev, cv 94 I
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, c~ev, cv 84)
iwk` c~eeZx wZbwU AvjvPbvq gvkZvKK gywRei jvwfwl Kivi BwZ w`qwQj Ges
BZvga iwWIZ Wvwjgi NvlYv b `vwqZfvi MnYi Rb gvkZvK cyZ nqB
wQj

61

62
63

Avwb gvmKvibnvmi eYbvgZ, weMW nWKvqvUvii mvgb mejv Uv cvK Ki

DaZb KgKZv`i dviK ej, Avgiv Avgv`iK Avcbv`i Kgv b Kijvg|
Awdmviiv ZB wez wQj| kvdvqZ Rvwgji mv_ dviK mwebq K_v ejZ PvBjI
Rvwgj ZvK K ZvgvK Dc`k w`Z ejQ? e Ki Zvgvi gyL -ej agK `b
(Gwb, c~ev, cv 83)
kvdvqvZ Rvwgj gywRe nZv gvgjvq Zvi mv ejQb, wRqvi cwZwqv I Dw wQj
wbic: ZvZ Kx, ivcwZ wbnZ, DcivcwZ AvQb, msweavb mgybZ ivLv
mbvcavb ev Dccavb KDB Gic wb`k `bwb ej kvdvqvZ Rvwgj Rvbvb

AvM Kz
order

137

Zwi KiZ| KviY, Bwqvb Avwg gvBU MU BbBb w`m wcU|

Ggb mgq BDwbdig cwiwnZ Wvwjg 10/15 Rb mbmn mk Aevq

`iRv avv w`q cek Ki mbvcavb kwdDjvnK ej : 'President wants you in
the radio station.. cwmWU Zv gviv MQb! mwdDjvni G-K_vi wcV
Wvwjg ej : 'Sir, you should know Khandaker Mostaque is the president now.'
Di kwdDjvn ejb : 'Khandaker Mostaque may be yoru president, not mine.'
cZzi Wvwjg ej, 'Sir, don't make me do something for which I did not
come.' Zvgvi hv Lywk KiZ cviv, Avwg Avgvi U~cmi KvQ hvwQ ej
kwdDjvn Awdm _K ei nq 46 weMW iIqvbv nb| Wvwjg Zvi mk mbmvgmn ZvK AbymiY Ki|
wKQyY ci b I wegvbevwnbx cavbqI mLvb Avmb| iwk` wZb
evwnbx cavbK Zv`i KZKgi msw eYbv w`q mnhvwMZv Kvgbv Ki ej :

69

138

wKQyY ci ZvniDwb VvKzi68 KZK gymvwe`vKZ gvkZvK-miKvii cwZ

AvbyMZ ^xKvii NvlYv chvqg wZb evwnbx cavb, wewWAvi cavb (g.R.
Lwjjyi ingvb), ixevwnbxi fvicv cavb, cywjk cavb (bij Bmjvg) cgyLi
cZKi K iKW Kiv nq I eZvi evievi cPvi Kiv nq| Gici Zv`i
GmKU Ki efeb wbq hvIqv nq (Ges mfv-mjb-AvjvPbv cfwZ wewfb
ARynvZ 18 AvM mKvj ch mLvb AvUK ivLv nq)| mLvb mKjK
Af_bv Rvbvb wgmm hvevq`v iwk`|
Ryvi69 bvgvhi AvMB gvkZvK ivcwZ wnme kc_ MnY Kib|
weKvj Zvi gwiv70 kc_ MnY Kib| mvq gvkZvK RvwZi Dk
iwWI-wUwfZ fvlY `b| Avjvni bvg i71 I evsjv`k wR`vev` ej kl
Kiv GB fvlY wZwb Kz`ZvK mg_b Ki ejb :
mKjB GB kvmbeevi cwieZb PvBwQj| wK cPwjZ wbqg cwieZb
me wQj bv ejB miKvi cwieZb mbvevwnbxK GwMq AvmZ nq|
...HwZnvwmK cqvRb ... mbvevwnbx RbMYi Rb myhvMi ^Yvi Lyj
w`qQ|

Avgiv `ki eni ^v_B Zv KiwQ| Avgiv Avcbv`i ZvM KiwQ bv Ges
Avgiv gZvqI hZ PvwQ bv| Avgiv eis Avcbv`i bZZ PvB| myZivs
Avcbviv iwWI kb Avmyb Ges hv wKQy KiYxq Zv Kib|

Kvbvic KvDUvi AvKkb icvZ I Mnhyi64 Avkv Ki Ges Pvci

gyL Zviv ZLb iwWI mUvi hvb| Wvwjg Zv`i GmKU Ki| Dc-mbvcavb
wRqvI Zv`i cQb cQb iwWI mUvi hvb|65
Zviv iwWI mUvi XvKvi ci gvkZvK66 ejb : 'Shafiullah,

68

congratulation; your troops have done an excellent job, now do the rest.' 'what
rest?' kwdDjvni G cki Reve gvkZvK ejb : 'You should know it better'. 'In
that case, leave it to me' ej kwdDjvn ei nZ D`vMx nj Wvwjg-iwk`

cgyL c_ AvMj ZvK Ab GKwU Kvgivq wbq hvq|67

69
70

64

icvZ I Mnhyi PqI Zv`i KvQ wbR`i gZv ev cvYnvwbi Avkv meZ eo
nq `Lv w`qwQj| wegvbcavbi fvlvq : mLvb mY Indiscipline I Chaotic

Aev weivR KiwQj| .... some of the armed officers were on the edge of
irrationality and tension; minimum confrontation or disagreement could have
lead to spree of killing.' Ges dviKi aviYvK mZ cgvY Ki gywRei gZzmsev`
65
66
67

b Rbvijiv GK KvZvi Gm `uvovq| gRi`i wei Kvbv c`c bqvi mvnm

KD `Lvq bv
G mgq Imgvbx I Kbj Zvni iwWIZ DcwZ wQjb
gvkZvK ZLb kv`v wcKvU I gv_vq Kvjv (bni) Uzwc cwiwnZ wQjb| G cvkvKK
ci wZwb ivxq cvkvK wnme NvlYv Kib
gZvi, ayii DwKj gvkZvK duv` djvi Rb kwdDjvnK DwRZ K wRvmv
Kib : AvgvK ejyb, G KvR wK Avcwb KiQb? Zvi mvgbB wQj nZvKvix gRie`|
ZvB eKvq`vq co Rxebi fq Av Av kwdDjv ejb : nuv AvgivB Zv KiwQ|
Ab `ycavbI GKB Di w`jb| Avcbviv AvgvK w`q Kx KivZ Pvb? gvkZvKi G

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

71

cki Reve fxZ-m cavbq ejjb, Avcwb `qv Ki cwmWUi `vwqZfvi MnY
Kib| GLb evsjv`k AvcwbB GKgv MnYhvM ewZ
nZvKvi ci ZvniDwb VvKzi cwgv GK mvsevw`Ki m mvrKvi ejwQj h,
gywRenZvi cwiKbvwU Zvi evwoZB gv `yB ivZ AvM Pov Kiv nqwQj| ivcwZ
gvkZvKi c_g eZvi fvlYwU ZvniDwb VvKzi wjLwQjb| cwivi evSv hvq h, GUv
ek mgq ai h_ wPvfvebv Ki jLv nq wQj| DZ : Avwb, gvmKvibnvm,
c~ev, cv 60
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nwjKvi gywRei jvk bqv nq| m hvIqv 15/16 Rb mbv nwjKvi

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gymjgvbi jvk webv Mvmj, webv Kvdb, webv RvbvRvq `vdb Kiv hvq bv|
dj eva nq Zviv GRb 10 wgwbU mgq `q| Mvmj Kivbvi AvM GGmwc
kL Ave`yi ingvbi myiZnvj Kivbvi Pv `yRb Avwg Awdmvii evavi KviY
fzj nq| vbxq iWm nvmcvZvj _K wZbwU kv`v kvwo I cvki `vKvb
_K 2wU 570 mvevb msMn Ki vbxq gmwR`i Bgvg gjfx Avyj nvwjg
kLi Zveavb Mvmj Kwiq Kvdb covbv nq| RvbvRvq kwiK nIqvi Rb
nvRvi nvRvi jvK nwjcvWi Pvicvk mgeZ nq| wK mbiv Zv`i
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wbnZ`i klKZi mv_ RwoZ XvKv mbvwbevmi kb nWKvqvUvii
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wLt 15 AvMi NUbvq wbnZ`i Aev I `vdb-Kvdb Ges NUbv mK
wbic cwiwwZ cwZe`b ck Kib :
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cuQ wMqwQjb| gRi eRjyj `v I Zvi jvKRb cvnviv w`wQjb
evwowU| `v AvgvK c_g evav w`jI ci XvKvi AbygwZ `b|
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Avbv njv| ivLv njv KvVi Kwdb| eid Avbv nqwQj| i, gMR I
nvoi uov Qwoq-wQwUq wQj c_g Zjvi `qvj, Rvbvjvi KuvP, gS I
Qv`| evwoi me evwm`vKB Lye KvQ _K wj Ki nZv Kiv nq| wji
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wbnZ`i klKZ
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77
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wZb-Pvi avc Ici| Pkgvi fvOv KuvP I GKwU cvBc wmuwoZ co

wQj|
kL Kvgvj : Af_bv K|
Uwjdvb AcviUi : Af_bv K|
kL bvmi : wbPZjvi wmuwomsjM ev_ig|
eMg gywRe : gj eWigi mvgb|
myjZvbv Kvgvj : gj eWig|
kL Rvgvj : gj eWig|
ivwR Rvgvj : gj eWig|
wk ivmj : gj eWig, Zvi `yB fvexi gvSLvb|

2. evwoi me evwm`vKB Lye KvQ _K wj Ki nZv Kiv nq| `L gb

nwQj, Zv`i mevB ZvrwYKfve cvY nvivb|
kL gywRe : c_g Zjvi wmuwoi gvSLvb h mgZj RvqMvUv Zvi wZb-Pvi
avc Ici GKevi KvQ _K wj Ki kL gywReK Lyb Kiv nq| Zvi
ZjcU I eyK wQj eyjU SuvSiv| kL gywRe me mgq Pkgv ciZb Ges
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cib PK jyw I cvvwe| Pkgvi GKwU Mvm fvOv| i cvvwei iO wQj
Mvp jvj| GKwU eyjU Zvi Wvb nvZi ZRwbZ wMq jvM Ges AvOzjwU cvq
wewQb nq hvq|
kL Kvgvj : Kvgvji eyK I ZjcU wZb _K PviwU eyjU we nq| Zvi
cib wQj UvDRvi| wbPZjvq ZvK Lyb Kiv nq|
Uwjdvb AcviUi : ZvK wbPZjvq Lyb Kiv nq|
kL bvmi : kl bvmiK Lyb Kiv nq ev_igi KvQ| Zvi nvZ Do
wMqwQj| wjZ Zvi `ni ek wKQy vb wQj Z-weZ| Zvi Mvq
Kvbv cvkvK wQj bv Ges jvk weQvbvi Pv`i gvovbv wQj|
eMg gywRe : eMg gywReK eyK I gyLgj wj Kiv nq| Zvi cib wQj
mywZ kvwo Ges Kvjv iOi evDR| Mjvq gv`ywj euvav GKwU mvbvi bKjm|
Kwbv AvOzj Qv GKwU AvOwU| ZLbv Zvi cvq wQj GKwU ev_ig wcvi|
myjZvbv Kvgvj : myjZvbv Kvgvji eyK I ZjcU wj jvM| cib wQj
kvwo I evDR|
kL Rvgvj : kL Rvgvji gv_v wPeyKi wbP _K Do wMqwQj| cib
UvDRvi| Wvb nvZi gagvq wQj GKwU gyvi AvOwU| meZ GwU wQj Zvi
weqi AvOwU|
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wMqwQj| Zvi ZjcU, eyK I gv_vq wj Kiv nq| cib wQj kvwo I evDR|

143

72

144

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
wk ivmj : meZ Avb Zvi cv Sjm hvq| gv_v Do wMqwQj| cib
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KiQb| wZwb G evwo _K wKQy wRwbmc Pzwi Kivq KqKRb wmcvwnK
MvjvMvj w`wQjb|
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Zv`i GB evwoZ Lyb Kiv nq| Zv`i evwoi w`K mbvevwnbxi Mvwo
AvmZ `L KZeiZ cywjk m`miv `vwqZ Qo mi hvq| evwowU wQj
AvswkK ZQbQ Kiv| gSZ ii `vM| gvSi Uwej GKwU
Avjywgwbqvgi evwUZ wKQy fRvbv wPov|
5. 37 wgUz ivW, Ave`yi ie miwbqvevZi evwo : gxi evwowU wQj duvKv|
WwqsigRyo `Lv Mj RgvUeuvav i| evwoi wbivcv cywjk AvMB cvwjq
wMqwQj|
6. miwbqvevZ I kL gwY Ges Zv`i cwievii m`m`i jvk XvKv
gwWKj KjR nvmcvZvji gM _K msMn Kiv nq| jvkjv wQj weKZ|
Zvc I Av`Zv jvki wZ Ki| jvk _K `yM eiwQj| ebvbx Mvivb
`vdbi Rb Avgiv jvkjv mbvwbevm wbq Gjvg| kL gywRei jvk
Qvov 32 b^i moKi Ab mevi jvkI AviKwU UvK Ki mLvb Avbv nq|
`vdb-Kvdb mK cwZe`b
1. gZ`n msMn : 15 AvM NUbvq wbnZ`i jvk avbgwi 32 b^i moK
Ges XvKv gwWKj KjR nvmcvZvj gM _K msMn Kiv nq| `ywU UvK
Ki 18wU jvk `vdbi Rb Avbv nq| ebvbx Mvivb `vdbi Rb jkvb
wgDwbwmcvwjwU _K AbygwZ bIqv nq| GGmwm (Avwg mvwfmm Kvi)
wmcvwn`i GKwU cvUzb MviLv`Ki KvR Ki| kb Kgvvi AvMB
AvgvK ejwQjb, 16 AvMi w`bi c_g Avjv dvUvi AvMB hvZ
`vdbi me KvR kl nq hvq|
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gwWKj KjR nvmcvZvji gM Kvbv dvb wQj bv| 32 b^ii
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wmcvwn`i KqKRb, LyeB Mjv Pwoq K_v ejwQj| Zviv kL gywRe weivax
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mvgvj w`Z nq| Aek Kvbv jvkiB hvZ Aghv`v bv nq Avwg mwU
wbwZ KiwQjvg| wmcvwn`i KqKRb Kei LuyoZ Abxnv cKvk Ki,
jvki Lvivc Aevi KviY KqKRb GgbwK Quy Z ch ivwR wQj bv|
Avwg wbR c_g gZ`nwU (eMg gywRei) IVvB Ges wPikhvq kvwqZ Kwi|

AvM Kz
kL bvmii `nvekl GKBfve `vdb Kwi| Gici Avi Avgvi mgmv
nqwb| Pvi b^i Qvov evwK cvq mejv Kei wVKfve Luvov nq| KviY
Avgiv mhv`qi AvMB me mi djvi Rb Zvovov KiwQjvg|
MvivbgyLx moKjvq Avgiv AvMB wmcvwn gvZvqb Ges Mvivb
GjvKvq Kvdz Rvwi Kwi| fvi NygfvOv wKQy jvK I c_Pvix Kx NUQ
evSvi Pv Kij Zv`i wbirmvwnZ Kiv nq|
3. (Mvivbi) 7 b^i mvwii Pvicvk eov `Iqv nq Ges Avqx PwK
ewmq 24 Nv cvnvivi eev Kiv nq| Awbw`Kvji Rb MvivbwUZ
`vdb KvR e I `kbv_x`i cek wbwl Kiv nq|
4. gZ`i ewMZ wRwbmc : KqKwU jvki m wKQy Mnbv cvIqv hvq|
GKwU ZvwjKv Zwi Ki Mnbvjv kb Kgvvii KvQ nvi Kiv
nq|
5. kL gywRei `vdb : 16 AvM, 1975 ejv 11Uvq kL gywRei jvk
mbvevwnbxi GKwU UvK Ki KvUbgU Avbv nq| Kvdb Kbv nq wmGmwW
(KvwUb vim wWcvUgU?) _K| GwU Kbv nqwQj evwKZ! AWbvi
wRwWI (Mvwimb wWDwU Awdmvi) gRi gwnDwb Avng`K jvki m
Uzwcvov hvIqvi LuywUbvwU eywSq `Iqv nq| GKwU weGGd (evsjv`k
Gqvidvm) nwjKvihvM jvk `vdbi Rb Uzwcvov wbq hvIqv nq|
mLvb gZ`ni Mvmj I RvbvRv `Iqv nq| RvbvRvq kL gywRei
PvPvmn WRbLvbK jvK kwiK nb| GKwU Avqx PwK ewmq KeiwU
cvnvivi Rb ix gvZvqb Kiv nq| wRwWI Uzwcvov _K wdi m`i
`ii wgwjUvwi Acvikbmi wWiii KvQ Zvi wicvU ck Kib|
6. wbnZ`i evwojv wmj Kiv nq : kL gywRe, kL gwY I miwbqvevZi
evwo Zvjve Ki wmjMvjv Kiv nq Ges Pvwe kb m`i `i ivLv nq|
7. AbK evavwecw I mxgveZv mI Avgiv Avgv`i mvagZv mevP
hZ I ghv`vi m AwcZ `vwqZ cvjb Kwi|
ebvbx Mvivb : mvwi b^i 7-G hv`i Kie `Iqv nq :
1. eMg gywRe, 2. kL bvmi, 3. kL Kvgvj, 4. myjZvbv Kvgvj, 5. kL
Rvgvj, 6. ivwR Rvgvj, 7. wk ivmj, 8. AvZ cwiPq 10 eQi eqmx
GKwU evjK, 9. duvKv, 10. AvZ cwiPq 12 eQi eqmx GKwU evjK, 11.
MncwiPvwiKv, eqm 45, 12. AvZ cwiPq 10 eQi eqmx GKwU dzUdzU
evwjKv, 13. kL gwY , 14. wgmm gwY, 15. AvZ cwiPq 25 eQi eqmx
GK hyeK, 16. AvZ cwiPq 12 eQi eqmx GKwU evjK, 17. Ave`yi ie
miwbqvevZ, 18. AvZ cwiPq 25 eQi eqmx GK hyeK|
bvU : 9 b^i Keii bvCg Lvbi jvk j. Ave`ym meyi Lvbi (GbIK)
KvQ nvi Kiv nqwQj|78
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gywRe-nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

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cqvRb `yNv mgq Avi AvMvg Mvq`v-Lei| 15 AvM 1975 Gi we`vn
mK evsjv`ki me Mvq`v msv nq e-Lei wQj, bv-nq Zv KZci
KvQ _K Avovj Ki iLwQj|1 mvgwiK Mvq`v cwi`ii cwiPvjK
(wWGgAvB) j. Kbj (Ae.) mvjvnDwbi eivZ Kbj (Ae.) kvdvqvZ
Rvwgj RvbvQb2, mbvcavb kwdDjvn GB we`vn mK ivZ cvq mvo 4Uvq
AewnZ nb Ges mbvwbevm AevbiZ cvq mKj BDwbU Kgvvi`i mv_
hvMvhvM Kib| kvdvqvZi mv_ hvMvhvM nq mKvj cvq 6Uvq| mgq I
Aevbi wePvi ZLb Zviv AfzvbKvix`i Zzjbvq `o Nv cQb| weqi

Avwb gvmKvibnvm Mvq`v wefvMi RbK KgKZvi eivZ RvbvQb, AvMi

cvi Mvq`vwefvM gywReK DrLvZi Kgc cuvPwU mve lohi Z`
PvjvwQj| ZiY mbv-Awdmvi`i Amvl wQj H wnmei AwZwi| (c~ev, cv60)|
nZv gvgjvi 42 Zg mvx gRi wRqvDwb Rvbvb, eezi miKvi DrLvZi Rb dviKiwk`-Wvwjg-biP loh wj GK_v 15 AvMi 8/10 w`b AvMB wWwRGdAvB
wjwLZfve eezK AewnZ KiwQj| wK AvZKviY I`i wei Kvbv eev
bqv nqwb [W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 55]
Awekvm njI mZ h, (15 AvMi) GB weivU mgimv mbv-m`ii wd BUwjR
BDwbUi gv wZbkv MRi gaB mb nwQj| A_P, H BUwjR BDwbUi w`b-ivZ
mZK `w ivLvi K_v| 14 AvM `ycyi XvKv wekwe`vjq evgv weviYi ciI G`i
PZbv`q nqwb|
Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj RvbvQb, 15 AvMi AvM wewfb mgq mbv-m`i AbywZ
hme eVK wZwb DcwZ wQjb Zvi KvbvwUZB G aibi Kvbv NUbv NUvi Avkv
cKvk ev mZKxKiY Kiv nqwb| Dci, NUbvi gvm-`yqK AvM Zvi weMWi GKgv
Mvq`v BDwbUwUK AvZ KviY cZvnvi Ki bqv nq| hw`I Abvb mKj weMWi
Mvq`v BDwbU envj wQj [GKvii gywhy iv ga AvM I loqgq bf^i,
c~ev, cv 119]
Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.), GKvii gywhy iv ga-AvM lohgq bf^i,
c~ev, cv 118

73

146

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

evcvi h, mbvcavb KvDK cwZiva-D`vM bqvi Rb civgk ev wb`k3

`bwb| we`vni Lei cvIqvi mv_ mv_ (nZvKvi `o Nv AvM ivZ mvo
PviUvq) wbewgjK nvgjvi ZvrwYK wb`k `qv nj G nZvKv cwZiva Kiv
me wQj| mbvcavb Zv bv Ki Kb gnvgjevb `o Nv mgq ay
hvMvhvMi bvg AcPq Kijb Zv LwZq `Lv AvekK| GUv Zvi
wKsKZewegpZv ev fxZ nIqvi KviY nj ejZ ne AhvM jvKK
iZcY c` emvbvi cwZdj gywRe cjb Zuvi cvYi `vg| Avi
lohKvix`i mv_ Kvbvic hvMmvRk ev Avcmi KviY Zv nq _vKjI
GKB djvdjB cvc wQj|
gywRei avbgwi evwo I MYfebi wbivcv weavbi `vwqZ wQj 1g ej
jvvii Ici| wK cuPvii RyjvBqi klw`K mbv-m`i Zv cwieZb
Ki Kzwgjv weMWi Ici b Ki| m-gZ Kzwgjv _K 1g wd AvwUjvwii
GKwU evUvwi/Kvvwb Gb H MvW wWDwUZ wbqvM Kiv nq| gRi Wvwjg,
gRi AvwRR cvkv, gRi eRjyj `v, mye`vi gRi Iqvnve Rvqvi`vi wewfb
mgq H AvwUjvwii Awdmvi wQjb| wewa Abyhvqx wbivcv mbv`jwUi ckvmwbK
`vwqZ XvKvi kb Kgvvi j. Kbj (Ae.) nvwg`i Ici Ges mvweK `vwqZ
jM Gwiqv Kgvvi I mbvcavbi Dci _vKvi K_v| gywRei evmfeb Avgb
Kivi mgq GB mbv`jwUK mY wbwq4 Ki ivLv nqwQj| fvi mvo PviUvq
gywRei evmfebi wbivcvq wbqvwRZ mbv`jK AMmigvb nZvKvix`i
cwZiva Kivi wb`k `qv nj Zviv cwZiva KiZ Ges we`vnx`i viv GUv
GKUv mvgwiK Afzvb, cyiv mvgwiKevwnbx Gi cQb iqQ -ix`i G-K_v
evSvbv mg nZ bv| AZ G wbq Dfq `ji ga weZK `Lv w`Z| mmyhvM wbeKvix `j nvgjvKvix`i iL w`Z cviZ| gywRe nZv gvgjvi5 4_
mvx gywRei evmfeb wbqvwRZ wbivcvevwnbxi Kgvvi nvwej`vi Kzym
wmK`vi RivKvj Rvbvb :
... nZKvi mgq Mvjvwji k b Avkcvk _K AbK jvK eezi
3

4
5

nZv gvgjvi 45 Zg mvx wnme kwdDjvnK RivKvj wZwb ejwQjb, mgq cj 15

AvMi NvZK`i KvU gvkvji Av`k w`Zvg| wK Zv nqwb| KviY Zvi AvMB (24
AvM 1975) gvkZvK AvgvK mwiq wRqvK Ki mbvcavb. [W. gvnv` nvbbvb
eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, AvMvgx cKvkbx, XvKv 1999, cv 57]| cKZ cve
wZwb cwZiva I KvU gvkvj Dfqi Rb h_ mgq cqwQjb, wK wKQyB Kib wb
Ges mbvcavbi PvKwi nvivjI iv`Z nq Zv cywlq wbqQb
Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.), GKvii gywhy iv ga AvM I loqgq bf^i,
c~ev, cv 119
gywRe-nZv gvgjvi weeiYi Rb cwiwk 19 co~b

gywRe-nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

147

evwoi w`K QyU GmwQj| wK Zv`i KvDKB avbgwi 32 b^i moK

XzKZ `qv nqwb| NvZK Avwgi `j Zv`i Zvwoq `q|6

wbivcvevwnbx I AvgYKvix`i ga Kvbv weiva `Lv w`j m-myhvM

RbMYB we`vnx`i cwZiva Kivi myhvM cZ| gywRei wbivcvi `vwqZ Kb
Kzwgjv weMWK `qv nj Ges Kb Zv`i wbwq Ki ivLv nj Zvi Di nZvi
loh D`NvUbi Rb cqvRb| RvwZi `yfvM h, mbvcavb mw`b
cwZivai Kvbv Pv Zv KibBwb Dci b I wegvb cavb mnhvM
eiLvKZ Wvwjg NvwlZ mvgwiK kvmb mg_b I Aea gvkZvK miKvii
cwZ AvbyMZ cKvk Ki Ab`i cwZiva-wPvq cvwb Xj `b|
14 I 15 AvMi gaeZx ivZ `ywU BDwbUi evQvB Kiv mwbK`i
bvBU Uwbs -Gi wewds-G miKvi DrLvZi h NvlYv `qv nq, Zv wQj
A| evjyi NvU gvV _K Kv_vq hvIqv nQ Zv mwbK`i eySZ `qv
nqwb| nZvKv NU hvIqvi ciB Kej mwbKiv eySZ cvi h, Awdmviiv
Zv`i auvKv w`q KvUbgU _K ei Ki Gb GB NYKv NwUqQ|
gywRei evmvi mbv-wbivcvevwnbx fxZ ev cfvweZ nq NvZK`i cwZiva
KiZ e_ nq ev evav`vb weiZ _vK| wbivcvq wbqvwRZ cywjki wWGmwc
50Zg mvx bij Bmjvg Lvb ejb :
NvZK`i AvgYi gyL cywjkK wZwb cvv wj Pvjvbvi wb`k
w`qwQjvg, wK NvZK`i wjZ wbR AvnZ nIqvq Avi wKQyB KiZ
cvwiwb|7

gywRei dvb cq mvgwiK Mvq`vwefvMi WvBii Kbj Rvwgj Dwb

Avng` GK-gynZI `wi bv Ki cvRvgv-MvDb cwiwnZ Aevq Zvi MvwoZ Po
(gZvi UvKfwZ mb wbq) cwZiva GwMq Avmb| evwoZ XzKZ evav
cq Kov evK wewbgq Ki MUi evBi Mvwo _K bg mb`i cvk KvwUq
fZi XvKvi gyL eyK I gv_vq wj Lq gZzi wngkxZj Kvj Xj cob
(gZvi mvenvbevM MvwoZ emv _vKv Aevq wjwe nb)| wZwbB GKgv
exi mvgwiK KgKZv, whwb wbRi cvY ZzQ Ki KZe cvjb GwMq Gm weij
bwRi vcb Kib|
15 AvM fvi cavbgx (GKB mv_ ^ivgx) gbmyi Avjxi dvb
cq wewWAvi gnvcwiPvjK gRi Rbvij Lwjjyi ingvb iwWI kb
`LjKvix`i wei eev bqvi Rb U~cm iwW Kivi wb`k `b| ZLbI
wZwb RvbZb bv h, mcwievi gywRe wbnZ nqQb| PMvgi weMW Kgvvi
6
7

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, AvMvgx cKvkbx, XvKv, 1999, cv 47
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 58

74

148

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

wKD. wR. `Mxi gvkZvK miKviK bv gvbvi wmv wbq Kvbv Kvbv
AvIqvgx jxM bZvK cwZev` wgwQj ei Kivi civgk `b I eZvi K`
_K NvlYv cPvii D`vM bb| wK PMvgi fxZz AvIqvgx jxM bZviv
wgwQj ei Kiv _K wbe _vKb|8
mKvj 6Uvq `iRv avwq, Nyg fvwOq gRi iwk`9 (ci j. Kbj Ae.)
Kbj kvdvqvZ RvwgjK gywRenZvi mebvkv evZvwU `q| GKB mv_
gvkZvKi bZZ ivgZv `Lj Kivi K_v Rvwbq Gi wei Kvbv
GvKkb wMq Mnhyi DmKvwb bv `qvi Rb wkqvwi `q|
iwk`i K_v kl bv nZB eR IV kwdDjvni dvb| we`vn
kwdDjvni Aevb mK wbwZ bv nZ cvijI we`vnx`i gvKvejv I
kLjv wdwiq Avbvi Dk kvdvqvZ Zvi weMWi wZbRb evUwjqb
KgvviK dvb Ki Acvikbi Rb cZ nZ ej `Z weMW
nWKvqvUvii Dk ewiq cob| cw_ga weMW nWKvqvUvii mvgbi
gvo GKwU Uvi Dci gwkbMvb wbq exii fve Ki emv gRi (ci j.
Kbj Ae.) dviKK `LZ cvb| Aev` wbi Aevq AiwZ
nWKvqvUvi hvIqv wbivc` bq fe msjM c`vwZK evUvwjqb `yUvi (1g I
4_ ej) cwZ Zivw^Z Kivi Rb wZwb BDwbU jvBb Pj hvb| mLvb
wMq evUvwjqb `yUvi gvSLvb 3wU I weMW nWKvqvUvii mvgb dviKiwU
QvovI AviI 1wU Uv `LZ cvb Ges bZ cvb h, wgicyi wd iwRgUi
AvwUjvwi MvbjvI Zwi iqQ| hvnvK, dvb c` wb`k Abyhvqx 1g I 4_
eji m`miv Acvikbi Rb Zwi nZ _vK|
mKvj mvo 7Uvi w`K wPd Ae Rbvij vd (wmwRGm) weMwWqvi
Lvj` gvkviid10 BDwbU jvBb 1g eji Awdm Gm mbvcavbi eivZ
mg Acvikb wbqYi `vwqZ MnY Kib| A_vr mbvcavbi wb`k
wmwRGm 46 weMWi kvdvqvZi Kgv AwaMnY Kib| Ze we`vn `gbi
cwZ GiB ga cvq mb nq w`qwQj| kvdvqvZi fvlvq :
Avwg Avkv KiwQjvg, wegvbevwnbxi mnvqZvq mbv-m`ii Zveavb we`vn
`gb GKwU mgw^Z Avtevwnbx cwiPvjbvi eev bqv ne| KviY
8
9

10

KYj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.) GKvii gywhy iv ga AvM I lohgq bf^i

c~ev, cv 132
Kbj kvdvqvZi Aaxb AvwUjvwi iwRgUi AwabvqK gRi iwk` we`vni gvmLvbK
AvM fviZ _K DPZi cwkY MnY Ki `k wdi Avmj ZvK hkvi cvws `qv nq|
wK KqKw`b ciB ZvK XvKvq wdwiq Avbv nq| RbkwZ nj, Kbj kvdvqvZi Abyiva
Zv Kiv nq| wK kvdvqvZi gZ, G aibi cvws mbvcavbi GKvB wbR^ `vwqZ
mK wZwb we`vnx dviKi gvgv ej kvbv hvq

gywRe-nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

149

Uvevwnbxi wei c`vwZK mbv`j GKKfve KLbvB AvgYhy

cwiPvjbv Ki bv| c`vwZK mbv`ji mnvqKkw wnme wegvb A_ev
Uvevwnbxi mnvqZv cqvRb|11

mKvj AvbygvwbK mvo AvUUvq 1g eji Awdmi mvgb GKwU Kbfq

Gm _vg| mbvcavb kwdDjvn I Dccavb wRqv bg Avmb Mvwo _K|
cQb mk Wvwjg I KqKRb mb| mvgvb ciB Gm cuQvb wegvbcavb
Avyj Kwig L`Kvi I bcavb gvkviid nvmb Lvb| wgwbU-`kK
Aevbi ci Zviv mevB Pj hvb iwWI kbi Dk| `ytLi welq h,
wZb evwnbxi cavb GKvwaKevi GK nIqvi ciI mbvcavbi D`vM I
Zveavb we`vn `gbi Kvbv h_ cwiKbv MnY Kiv nq wb|
Abygvb mKvj mvo 9-Uvi w`K Lvj` gvkviid weMW nWKvqvUvi
wdi kvdvqvZ Rvwgji Awdm em mg KgKv cwiPvjbv KiZ _vKb|
wKQyYi gaB eZvi mkevwnbxi cavbMY Aea I Lybx miKvii cwZ
Zv`i mg_b I AvbyMZ cKvk Kivq we`vn `gbi mKj cwZ AKvhKi nq
co| Gici we`vni mvdjK msnZ Kiv I miKvii AevbK wbizk
Kivi Rb efeb _K Avw` nq Lvj` gvkviid w`bfi GKi-ci-GK
wb`k Rvwi Ges bvRyK GjvKv I vcbvq mbv gvZvqb KiZ _vKb| eez
hnZz BZvga wbnZ nqQb, mnZz Mnhy I iqi Avkvq Kvbv
c`c bqv mgxPxb ne bv weePbv _K Lvj` gvkviid dvb
ixevwnbxK KvbviKg AvgYvK fwgKv bv bqvi civgk `b| me hv
nIqvi nq MQ, GLb evZvmi Dvw`K hvIqv wVK ne bvGgb aviYv
wevi jvf Ki| wUKq gRii KZ cvc mgM mvgwiKevwnbxK KjywlZ
Ki|
nZvKvi cwZev`
mvaviYfve ejv nq, gywRenZvi Kvbv ZvrwYK cwZev` nqwb| K_vwUi
mZvmZ wePvi cm gb ivLZ ne 15 AvM fviejv gywRe-nZv,
gvkZvK KZK gZv `Lj, mvgwiK kvmb I mv-AvBbi NvlYv GKB mv_
eZvi cPvi Kiv nq| mebvkv GB NvlYv b GK Zv gvbyl wenj,12
AwaK mv AvBb Rvwi Ki gvbylK Ni AvUK _vKZ eva Kiv nq|
GZ`vj 15 AvM 1975 -Gi AvM-ci ek Kevi mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi
11
12

Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.) GKvii gywhy iv ga AvM I lohgq bf^i,

c~ev, cv 105
G Gj LwZei fvlvq, wKQy msLK gvbyl mw`b wQj LywkZ AvZnviv, wK nvRvi nvRvi
gvbyl ZLb me nvivbvi e`bvq gK (Kviv gywRei nZvKvix, c~ev cv 18)

75

150

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

nqQ| wK KLbvB Zv ZvrwYK Pvji myLxb nqwb| eis KLbv

KLbv gvbyl DjwmZ nq ^vMZ RvwbqQ| cvwKvwb Avgj 1958 mvji 7
Avei c_g mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi nq| wb`k bB gvbyl ^ZtcYvw`Z nq
wbRi Avkcvki gqjv-AveRbv, Svc-Rj cwivi gbhvMx nq DV|
KqKw`bi ga cavb mvgwiK AvBb ckvmK AvBqye Lvb XvKv mdi Gj
mei wZwb cvYXvjv mseabv13 jvf Kib|
Gikv` 24 gvP 1982 ivxq gZv `Lj Ki mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi Kib|
mw`bI evsjv`k mvgwiK kvmbweivax Kvbv cwZev` msMwVZ nqwb|14
cvwKvb-fviZ-evsjv`k e Av`vjb e wbew`ZcvY bZvKgx efve
AvvrmM KijI mvgwiK kvmb Ges mv AvBb RvwiKvj Uv-gwkbMvbi
wj Pvj Ki ivRavbxZ ZvrwYK Kvbv cwZev` KvbvKvjB nqwb| Ze
1958 mvji gqgbwmsni gZv 1975 mvjI eibv I wKkviM
vbxqfve cwZev` msMwVZ nqQ|
`yRq eibv
15 AvM 1975 mKvj mvo 7Uvq eZvi Wvwjgi mebvkv NvlYv b
nZvKv I msweavb jNbi wei eibv gnKzgv ckvmK15 wmivR D``xb
Avng`16 evKkvj I QvjxM bZvKgx Ges ixevwnbx I eezi AbyMZ
miKvwi KgKZv`i wbq cwZev`-cwZiva i Kib| wZwb I Zvi mnMvgx
QvjxM I evKkvji Kgxiv mk nq wRc Po cwZev`Kvix`i msMwVZ
Kib| cywjki fwgKv mvlRbK bv nIqvq Zv`i _vbv _K ei nZ
13

14

15

16

Gi DjLhvM ewZg wQj gqgbwmsn| QvbZv (ci bvcbZv) KvRx Avyj evix
(gvmyK wgqv)-i bZZ kni ZvrwYK mvgwiK kvmbweivax cwZev`-wgwQj ei nq| ci
1959 mvj AvMvcbvevq wZwb aZ nq mvgwiK Av`vjZ GB Aciva e` fvM
Kib| Ggb wbzifve ev`k KvhKi Kiv nq h, wZwb evwK mvivRxebi Rb ewai
nq cob Ges Abvb ivM Avv nq Akl hYv fvM Kib| AvRxeb msMvgx
GB exi 1937 mvj wKkviMi AMvg RbMnY Kib Ges 1983 mvj gZzeiY Kib
30 g 1981 PMvg GK mvgwiK we`vn wRqv wbnZ nb| we`vnxiv ivxq gZv `Lj
KiZ mg nqwb| GiciI wRqv nZvKvi cwZev` 30 ev 31 g Kvbv wgwQj nqwb|
Ze mvsweavwbK cwqv AevnZ _vKvq Ges we`vni cavb I Abvb bZvi nZvi ci 1
Ryb wRqvi jvk (Kei _K DvwjZ GKwU kv`v weQvbvi Pv`i gvov wZbwUi GKwU)
XvKvq wbq Avmvi ci AbywZ RvbvRvq cPzi jvK DcwZ nb
bxwZMZfve wmv njI gnKzgvmgnK ZLbI ckvmwbKfve Rjv Kiv nqwb| 1
m^i 1975 GjvK Rjv Kivi AvbyvwbKZv mb Ki Mfbi`i Kvhg i
Kivi K_v wQj| ci wRqv gnKzgvmgnK Rjvi ghv`v `vb Kib
wZwb eez kL gywReyi ingvb Mi cYZv, eZgvb cvewjK mvwfm Kwgkbi m`m

gywRe-nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

151

wbla Kiv nq| mw`b RvZxq cZvKv AabwgZ ivLv nq Ges Lybx miKvii c
mKj cKvi wgwQj I mgvek wbwl NvlYv Kiv nq| 15 _K 17 AvM 3
w`b eibvi mKj `ii KvR e ivLv nq| 15 I 16 AvM gnKzgv ckvmKi
miKvwi evmfeb cwZev` I kvKmfv AbywZ nq|
cUzqvLvjx Rjv-m`i AewZ ixevwnbxi wjWvii gvag I Abvbfve
XvKvq hvMvhvM Ki Kvbv c_-wb`k bv cvIqvq I Aea miKvi wbRK
msnZ KiZ mg nIqvq wZbw`b ci cwZiva fO co| gnKzgv ckvmK
wmivR D``xb Avng` AvMvcb Kib| G Rb ZvK PvKzwiPzZ Kiv nq Ges
cUzqvLvjx Rjvq Zvi cek wbwl Kiv nq| GKB mv_ Zvi cwieviK miKvwi
evmv Qo w`Z eva Kiv nq|
gZz Awbevh RbI mw`b hviv wmivR D``xb Avng`i mv_ cwZiva
bZZ w`qwQjb Zviv njb :
1. wmwKzi ingvb, hyebZv, ci 1979 mvj mvsm`, cijvKMgb 29
Ryb 1986|
2. Rvnvxi Kexi, QvjxMi ZrKvjxb eibv Rjv mfvcwZ|
3. Ave`yi ikx`, ZrKvjxb QvjxM mv`K|
4. myjZvb Dwb Avng`, ZrKvjxb QvjxM mn-mfvcwZ, ci
GvWfvKU, cijvKMZ|
5. axi` `ebv_ ky, QvbZv ci mvsm` I Dcgw |
6. `jIqvi nvmb|
7. Ave`yj gvZvje|
8. GvWfvKU bij Bmjvg wmK`vi, AvIqvgx jxM mv`K|
9. GvWfvKU wbRvgDwb Avng`, ci mvsm` (1986), XvKvq moK
`yNUbvq gZzeiY 9 wWm^i 1990|
10. BDbym kixd|
11. Aa kvgmyj Avjg, eibv KjR|
12. Ave`yj jwZd divRx|
13. Ave`yj gvbvb|
14. diiK Avng`, ZrKvjxb gnKzgv cywjk KgKZv|
15. gvngy`yi ingvb, ZrKvjxb RbmshvM KgKZv|
16. Avjx AvmMi, ZrKvjxb mve-iwRvi|
17. gvLjmyi ingvb, ZrKvjxb mvKj Awdmvi (Dbqb)|
18. wece Kzgvi kgv, ZrKvjxb gnKzgv vY KgKZv|
19. AvmgZ Avjx wmK`vi, ZrKvjxb vbxq mvsm`|

76

152

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

20. mvsm` kvnRv`v Avyj gvjK Lvb17 I Abvb|

3 bf^i 1975 Lvj`-kvdvqvZi bZZ Afzvb msNwUZ nj eibvi
AKzZvfq bZe` cybtmsMwVZ nb| RjnZvi cwZev` evey vbib Nvli
evmvq Mvcb mfv AbywZ nq| mfvq Abvb`i ga DcwZ wQjb wmivR
D``xb Avng`, GvWfvKU bij Bmjvg wmK`vi, GvWfvKU Rqbvj
Ave`xb (evKkvj wejy bvc mv`K), Aa kvgmyj Avjg cgyL| mfvi
wmv Abyhvqx RjnZvi cwZev` eibvq 6 bf^i cY niZvj cvwjZ nq|
7 bf^i mdj mbv-we`vni ci eibvq bg Avm miKvwi wbhvZb|
wmwKzi ingvb, BDbym kixd, GvWfvKU bij Bmjvg wmK`vi, bij Bmjvg
cvkv, Ave`yj gvbvb (eZvMx), Rvnvxi Kexi, axi` `ebv_ k, Avyi ikx`,
gvZvje cgyLmn AvMi kvKmfvq hvM`vbKvix mKjK MdZvi Kiv nq|
wmivR D``xb Avng` eibv ZvM Ki ewikvj Avkq bb|
ci 1976 mvji RvbyqvwiZ Gu`i KD KD XvKvq wgwjZ nq mvgwiK
miKvii wei cwZiva Mo ZzjZ mP nb| mvsm` wbRvg Dwb Avng`i
gvgv AvjnvR Rqbvj Ave`xbi BvUb MvWb evmvq AbywZ GK Mvcb
mfvq fviZi mnvqZvq miKvi DrLvZi Kvhg MnYi wmv nq| m-gZ
PMvgi mvsm` bij Avjg I AvgZjxi mvsm` wbRvg Dwb Avng`
KjKvZvq AevbiZ hkvii mvsm` iIkb Avjxi mv_ c_g `dvq mvvr
KiZ hvIqvi wmv nq| wZxq `dvq ewikvji gwnDwb Avng`mn
KqKRb mvsm` I wmivR D``xb Avng`i KjKvZv hvIqvi K_v nq|
BZvga Kgewk 40 Rb mvsm`i mv_ hvMvhvM Kiv nq| wK `yfvMekZ
mvsm`q bij Avjg I wbRvg Dwb Avng` KjKvZv hvIqvi c_ hkvi
MdZvi nq hvIqvq G cwiKbv evwZj Kiv nq| MdZviKZ mvsm`qK
`xNw`b ci hkvi _K XvKv Rj vbvi Kiv nq| wbRvg Dwb Avng`mn
eibvi MdZviKZ bZvKgxMY cvq `y-eQi ci Rj _K gywjvf Kib|
wewmGm (ckvmb) KgKZv nIqvi Rb ev h-Kvbv KviYB nvK wmivR
D``xb Avng` kl ch MdZvi nIqv _K iv cqwQjb| Ze Zvi
wei mvgwiK miKvi GKvwaK gvgjv `vqi Ki| 15 AvM 1975 cKvk
wifjfvi DuwPq RbMYK wZwb fq `wLqQb-GB AwfhvM cgvYi Rb cywjk
efve Pv Ki e_ nq| KviY eibvi 7 j exi-RbZvi GKRbI Zvi
17

kvnRv`v Ave`yj gvjK Lvb wQjb ivcwZ gvkZvKi fvqiv-fvB| wZwb gvkZvKi
gx Kivi cve cZvLvb Ki Av`vjb hvM w`q weij AbyKiYxq `v vcb
Kib

gywRe-nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

153

wei mv `qwb| mekl miKvi ZvK gv PvBZ ejvi Reve wZwb

ejb, Avwg eez nZvi cwZev` Ki MweZ, Avwg gv PvBZ cvwi bv|
Aekl AwfhvM _K AevnwZ cq 1 eQi 4 gvm ci wZwb PvKwiZ
cybenvj nb|
wmivR D``xb Avng` we.Gg. KjR (ewikvj) dRjyj nKi (ci dvBU
mvRU I AvMiZjv gvgjvq Awfhy) Ges XvKv wekwe`vjq kL dRjyj nK
gwYi mncvVx wQjb| 1962-i mvgwiK AvBb weivax Av`vjb I 1964-i XvKv
wekwe`vjq mgveZb gvbvqg Lvb weivax Av`vjb wZwb Ask bb| 1971
mvji 23 gvP eibv Kve cvY wZwb Zvi ez AvmgZ Avjx wmK`vii18 mv_
^vaxb evsjvi cZvKv Dvjb Kib| miKvwi KgKZv wnme wmivR D``xb
Avng` 7 eQi eibvq wQjb| 1974 mvj mKji mnhvwMZvq `Zvi mv_
wZwb `ywf gvKvejv Kib| Zvi fvlvq, KD bv-Lq gviv hvqwb| 1975
mvj eibv Rjvi mvsm`q (AvmgZ Avjx wmK`vi, kvnRv`v Avyj gvjK
Lvb I wbRvg Dwb Avng`) gywRei mv_ mvvr Ki wmivR D``xb Avng`K
eibvi Mfbi wbqvMi mycvwik Kib| wK ZLb wZwb DcmwPe bv-nIqvq
Zv me nqwb| 1985 mvj eibvevmxi `vwei cwZ UvDbnji bvg wmivR
D``xb wgjbvqZb ivLv nq Ges Zvi bvg GKwU moKi bvgvKiY Kiv nq|
eZgvb wZwb miKvwi Kg Kwgkbi AbZg m`m| wZwb 10wUi AwaK Mi
cYZv| Zvi fvlvq : 1975 mvji 15 AvM A w`q eez nZvi cwZkva
wbZ cvwiwb| ZvB cwZev` RvbvZ Kjg aiwQ|19
`yg` wKkviM20
15 AvM fvi gRi Wvwjgi mebvkv eZvi NvlYvq mviv`ki gZv
wKkviMI bg Avm AyZ wbtkZv-wbt`bZv| Ze wbwglB Nvi
KvwUq AwgZ-ZRx wKQy hyeK knii kb ivWi (iOgnj wmbgv nj

18

19
20

1964 mvj XvKv wekwe`vjqi mgveZb gvbvqg weivax Av`vjb Kivi Aciva
AvmgZ Avjx wmK`vi I kL gwYi wWwM Ko bqv nq| wZwb kL gywRei AZ
wcqcv wQjb| 1969 mvj wZwb eibvq AvBbeemv i Kib Ges ci mvsm` wbevwPZ
nb
wmivR D``xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, fvi cKvkbx, XvKv, 2001, fwgKv
Avgvi K_v
15 AvM 1975 msNwUZ wevf-wgwQj AskMnYKvix 12 Rbi mv_ MZ 2002 mvji
RyjvB gvm AbywZ mvvrKvi, RbK 20 AvM 1996, msev` 15 AvM 1998 I 14
AvM 1999 -G cKvwkZ cwZe`bi wfwZ `yg` wKkviM AavqwU iwPZ

77

154

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

msjM) Qv BDwbqb21 Kvhvjq ^ZtzZfve RgvqZ nq| Zviv cvq mevB Qv

BDwbqb, bvc (gvRvddi) I KwgDwb cvwUi22 bZv-Kgx| msw
AvjvPbvi ci GB bksm nZvKv I mvgwiK kvmb Rvwii wei cwZev` Kivi
cve wbq KqKwU `j wef nq Zviv evKkvj bZe`i mv_ hvMvhvM
Kib| wK Rjv evKkvj bZe`23 NUbvi AvKwKZvq wKsKZewegp|
Zv`i KD XvKvq wKkviMi K`xq bZe`i mv_ hvMvhvMi civgk
`b, KD ah ai Acv Kivi civgk `b Ges KD AvMZ civgkcv_x`i
frmbv Kib| Zv`i mevB fxZ-m, KD Nvi Avwe, KD gvkZvKi
cwZ gvnvwe| KD wbivcvi cqvRb MdZvi eiYi Rb cZ|
bZe`i KvQ _K Kvbv w`K-wb`kbv bv cq cwZev`vKvx hyeKiv
wdi Gm cybt AvjvPbvq emb| cmg Kvbv GKRb GKvii 26 gvPi
AwfZv eYbv Kib| 26 gvP 1971 nvbv`vi cvwKvwb evwnbxi Acvikb
mvP jvBUi msev` cq wUKq AKzZvfq ZiY wav wbq kni i
KiwQjb cwZev` wgwQj| ci `Lv Mj wgwQj hZ GMvq, Ask MnYKvix ZZ
evo Ges hLb Zv kl nq ZLb jvKmsLv AMYb, Rbmgy`| GKvii
AwfZvi eYbv b DcwZ mevB AwaK DxwcZ nq kni wevf wgwQj
Kivi c gZ `b| mgq ZLb mKvj mvo b ev `kUv|
GKRb KD `uvwoq eRgyw DuwPq vMvb `b, gRi Wvwjgi NvlYv
mv_ mv_ mKj `uvwoq mvnmi So Zvj MMb-we`vix cZzi gvwb bv, gvbe
bv ejZ ejZ ivvq bg Avm| PjZ i Ki z` wK Zvrchgq
wgwQj| AviI hme cavb cavb vMvb IV, Zv nj : gywRenZvi cwiYvg,
evsjv ne wfqZbvg, gywRenZvi e`jv be, evsjv`ki gvwUZ, mvgwiK
AvBb Zzj bvI, MYZ wdwiq `vI| wgwQjwU cew`K hvv Ki knii cyivb
_vbv, GKivgcyi, eoevRvi, MivevRvi nq24 Qv BDwbqb Kvhvjq Gm
kl nq|
wK Gevi cwiwwZ wfb| wevf-we`vn gvbyl GKvii gZv GwMq
21
22
23

24

evsjv`k Qv BDwbqb ZLb evKkvji AmsMVb RvZxq QvjxM GKxfZ njI Gi

AvbyvwbK Kvhg ZLbI i nqwb
bvc I KwgDwb cvwU (wmwcwe) ZLb evKkvj GKxfZ
evKkvji Rjv-mv`K gvvwdRyi ingvb (Pzb~ gvvi), mn-mv`K GvWfvKU
bij Bmjvg, mq` Iqvwn`yj Bmjvg, gwnDwb Avng`, evKkvj bZv Avyj Kzym
gvvi I RwgqZ Avjxi mv_ hvMvhvM Kiv nq| mn-mv`K`i ga Avyj nvwg`
GvWfvKU I KvRx Avyj evix mw`b wKkviM DcwZ wQjb bv
gZvi AvLov evRvi, Kvjxevwo nq _vbvi mvgb w`q Qv BDwbqb Kvhvjq wdi
Gm wgwQjwU kl nq

gywRe-nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

155

Avmwb| ivvi gvo gvo, iwWIi cvk gvbyli wb^i AvjvPbv|

`yPviRb hvvc_ wgwQj hvM w`jI AwaKvskB kwZ, wenj| dj wgwQji
MwZ evwoq ^mgq kni c`wY mgv Kiv nq| wgwQjkl mKjB cvki
Rvn`i Pv-cvbkvjvq25 Gm mKvji bvkZv/Pv-cvb Kib| mv_ mv_ Pj
cieZx KiYxq mK AvjvPbv|
knii _g_g fve `L mevB cwiwwZ weic nIqvi Avkv Kib| mic
`xNvqx Av`vjb Mo Zvjvi Rb AvMvcb Kiv, MdZvi Gwoq
Pjv Ges mvgwqKfve ZvovBj _vbv ZvjRvvq Mvcb hvMvhvM K` vcbi
wmv nq| Ggb mgq cywjk fwZ GKwU UvK Qv BDwbqb Kvhvjqi mvgb
Gm _vg| wKQz cywjk UvK _K bg cwiek cheY gbvhvMx nq|
wgwQjKvixiv wec` AuvP Ki c_g ivKqv miYx, Ligcw, bxjM ivW
GjvKvq I ci ZvovBj, KwigM, BUbv _vbvq wbivc` vb Avkq bb|
ci Rvbv hvq, wKkviM I eibv kni Qvov evsjv`ki Avi Kv_vI G
NUbvi ZvrwYK cwZev` nqwb| cwZev`i GB z` AvqvRbwU ZvrwYK I
^ZtZ njI Zv AveMi dmj wQj bv; wQj hywwb KZevbyivMx,
ivRbwZK jvwfmvix, MYZi PZbv kvwYZKvix| RvZxq msm`i eZgvb
weivax`jxq DcbZv Ave`yj nvwg` GvWfvKU mw`b XvKvq kievsjv bMi
mvsm`-nvj Aevb KiwQjb| wZwb GK mvvrKvi Rvbvb :
NUbvi wZbw`b ci wKkviM kni AbywZ wevf-wgwQji msev` cvB|
ZLb G-I RvbZ cvB h, mviv`k Gic wgwQj ay wKkviMB msMwVZ
nqQ| wKkviMi Awaevmx wnme GRb Avwg Meeva Kwi|
wgwQjKvix`i cwZ Avwg mKZ abev` RvbvB|

wKkviM Z_v mviv evsjv`ki Rb Miegq G KxwZ vcbKvix

`ytmvnwmK exiMY njb :
1. fc` fwgK `vjb, ci GvWfvKU I mvaviY mv`K, Rjv
MYZx cvwU, wKkviM|
2. Avwgij Bmjvg, ci GvWfvKU I mfvcwZ, Rjv KwgDwb cvwU|
3. Mvjvg nvq`vi Payix, ci Aa, LvwjqvRyix gnvwe`vjq,
LvwjqvRyix, bKvYv|
4. mKv`vi Avjx fTv, ci exgv KgKZv, wKkviM|
5. nvweeyi ingvb gyz (Zvi cKZ WvKbvg gydwZ g gyzZ
icvwiZ nq)|
6. AjK fwgK|

78

156

7. AvKei nvmb Lvb|

8. AkvK Kzgvi miKvi, ci GvWfvKU I mPZb bvMwiK KwgwU
bZv|
9. nvwjg `v` Lvb (iRIqvb), ci Aa, Av`k gnvwe`vjq, LvoivPzovBb, kxbMi, gyxM; G Mi jLK|
10. bij nvmb meyR, ci wVKv`vi|
11. Gbvgyj nK Bw`m, ci cjx wPwKrmK, wmwcwe bZv|
12. cxhl Kvw miKvi, ci Kwl-hcvwZ eemvqx|
13. iwdK Dwb cwbi, ci miKvwi PvKwiRxex|
14. AiY Kzgvi ivDZ|
15. Ave`yj Avnv`, DwjwLZ Pv-cvbkvjvi gvwjK Rvn`i QvUfvB;
cijvKMZ|
16. wbgj`y PeZx, ci PvKwiRxex|
17. mvB`yi ingvb gvwbK, ci GvWfvKU, XvKv RRKvU|
18. Avjx AvmMi ^cb, ci evZvRxex, RbK, XvKv|
19. mq` wjqvKZ Avjx eyjeyj I ek wKQy c_Pvix|26
`yevi XvKv
15 AvM 1975 XvKvq RvZxqfve gywRenZvi ZvrwYK cwZev` nqwb| Ze
ZiY-QvKgxiv mvnLvbKi gaB XvKv wekwe`vjq Gi cwZev` RvbvZ
mP nq| 24/25 AvM wKQy Qv bZvKgx gayi KvwUb RgvqZ nq| WvKmyi
mvaviY mv`K gvneye Rvgvb RgvqZ GKwU msw fvlY `b Ges cywjkwgwjUvwi Ui cvIqvi AvMB GKwU SwUKv cwZev`27 wgwQjI msNwUZ nq| GUv
26

27
25

mLvb ci mvMi AwWI I wfwWI, cv Bjwb cfwZ `vKvb nqQ

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

RbK I msev` cwKvi cwZe`b GB wgwQj AskMnYKvix wgK b^i 16-19 ch

bvgmgn wbq gZaZv iqQ| cwZe`b DwjwLZ Avmv`yjvn Lvb RvwbqQb, Hw`b
wKkviM Aevb bv Kivq wZwb H wgwQj Ask wbZ cvibwb (GRb Zvi Avdmvmi
A bB)| c_g `ywU cwZe`b DwjwLZ gwZDi ingvb (ZrKvjxb QvjxM bZv,
eZgvb cvNvZ Amy) 3 RyjvB 2002 GK mvvrKvi Rvbvb, wgwQjwU cyivb _vbvi w`K
_K cwgw`K hvvKvj nvUj gveviKi myL _K wZwb GZ hvM `b| Kv_vq
wMq wgwQjwU kl nq, wgwQj klvewa ev Kvbv vb ch wZwb wQjb, Kxfve c_g
gywRenZvi msev` cvb, nvUj gveviKi mvgb G mgq Kb GmwQjb Gme wKQyB
wZwb mvvrKvi c`vbKvj iY KiZ cvibwb| H mvvrKvi DcwZ kb ivWi
Mvcvj P` `vm RvwbqQb, wgwQjwU GKivgcyi _K cwe jxi mvgb w`q hvvKvj
wZwb ZvZ hvM w`q KvUvLvjx (eoevRvi) cyj ch hvb Ges Zvi `jxq (QvjxM,
AvIqvgx jxM) KvDK `LZ bv cq wgwQj ZvM Ki Pj Avmb
gybxivgvb, gywRenZv : cwZwqv-cwZev` (wbe), wekl msMnK msLv (eez nZvi
wePvi), msev`, 9 bf^i, 1998

gywRe-nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

157

XvKvq c_g Ges evsjv`k ZZxq cwZev`| Gici 20 I 21 Avei gayi

KvwUbmn Kvvm mgvek I wgwQj AbywZ nq|28 wekwe`vjq G mgq
AwKQy `qvj-wjLbI PvL co|
15 AvM 1975 fvi nZvKv I gZvi cUcwieZbi msev` cvIqvgv
RvZxq msm`i m`m-feb AevbiZ mvsm`MY AwZ mvaviY cvkvK cvq
nuU wbR wbR wbivc` Avkq Mgb Kib| AbKB cwiewZZ cwiwwZ AewnZ
Kivi Rb Zv`i wVKvbv/dvb b^i msm`i eqviv`i w`q hvb| KD KD
ci wbR Gm ev jvK cvwVq Aev mK AewnZ nq m`mfeb cybt evm
KiZ Avmb| mybvgMi QvZK-`vqviv evRvi _K wbevwPZ ZrKvjxb ^Z
mvsm` Aveyj nvmbvZ gv. Avyj nvB MZ 29 Avei 2002 c` GK
mvvrKvi Rvbvb h, nZvKvi msev` cvIqvi ci wZwb m`mfeb Qo
wMbivW Zvi GK Avxqi evmvq Avkq bb| KqKw`b ci BmgvBj bvgK
GK eqvivi gvidZ wZwb RvbZ cvib h, kvn gvqvg, Ievq`yi ingvb
cgyL m`mfeb wMq wbivcvi wbqZv w`q mKj mvsm`K wdi AvmZ
ejQb| GKB mv_ DwVq bqv wbivcv-cywjk cybenvj Kiv nq Ges KU
`qv dvbiI cybtmshvM `qv nq| dj cwiwwZ AbyKj weePbv Ki
mvsm`MY wdiZ i Kib|
gvkZvK Zvi gZv-`LjK RvZxq msm` KZK eaZv`vbi Awfcvq
Awaekb Avnvbi cwiKbv Kib| mRb gbvfve evSv Ges cqvRbeva
Zv`i nvZ Kivi Rb 5 m^i 1975 efeb mvsm``i GKwU mfv29
Avnvb Kiv nq| wK bMYmsLK mvsm` DcwZ nIqvq mfvi Dk e_
nq| ZvB Bc Avyi iDdi bZZ jvK cvwVq ewMZfve hvMvhvM Ki
mvsm``i cjy Ki msMwVZ Kivi D`vM bqv nq Ges 16 Avei (mi`vi
AvgRv`i gZ 15 Avei) cybt efeb mfv Avnvb Kiv nq|
RvZxq msm`i m`mfebmgn AevbKvj mvsm`MY efeb AvZ
mfvK Dcj Ki wbR`i ga AvjvPbvi myhvM cvb| MvRxcyii KvwjM
_K wbevwPZ mvsm` GvWfvKU gqRywbi (ci wZwb ^ivPviweivax
Av`vjb knx` nb) D`vM gywRe-mg_K mvsm`MY Mvcb msMwVZ nZ i
Kib| Zviv wbRiv cev eVK Ki efeb hvIqv bv-hvIqvi welq gbwi
Kivi wmv bb| m-gZ 16 (gZvi 15) Avei ejv 11Uvq
bvLvjcvov mvsm`-nvj kZvwaK mvsm` mfvq wgwjZ nb| mvsm`
28
29

fvii KvMR, 17 AvM 1996

mi`vi AvgRv` nvmb, eez nZvi ci mUKvj ZrKvjxb msm` m`m`i AvbyMZ
(wbe), RbK 31 kveY, 1409 evsjv

79

158

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

gqRywb, gqgbwmsni iwdK Dwb fTv cgyL mfvq fvlY `b| KgvU
gvwbK Payix gyywRenZvi wePvi Pq vMvb `b| (gvwbK Payix I
mvjvnDwb BDmyd gvkZvKi `yB cwZwbwaK BZvce m`mfeb _K
Acgvb Ki Zvwoq w`qwQjb)| gw mvnive nvmb gvkZvK miKvii
c D mfvq hvM `b Ges efebi mfvq mKjK K_v ejZ cvivi
wbqZv c`vb Kib| mfvq gywRe I Abvb`i nZvKv kvK cKvk Kiv
nq| Gici mevB efebi mfvq Mgb Kib| WvKmy, Qv BDwbqb, QvjxM I
AvIqvgx jxMi wKQy ZiY bZvKgx mvsm``i efebi mfvq hvM`vb _K
wbe Kivi Pv Ki e_ nb| mvR`v Payix, Wv. Avey`j gvjK, bij
Kv`i, jyrdi ingvbmn 10/12 Rb Qvov cvq mKj mvsm`B D mfvq
hvM`vb30 Kib|
hv nvK efebi mvsm` mfvq gvkZvK KvwZ mg_b cvbwb| Kzwgjvi
mvsm` wmivRyj nK (ci gywRe nZv gvgjvi cavb Kumyjx) ZvK Dk Ki
ejb : AvBb Abyhvqx AvcbvK ea ivcwZ ejv hvq bv| Am gvkZvK
m`m`i Dk ejb : AvR Avcbviv mvnmi mv_ K_v ejZ cviQb|
AvM Gic ejj (A_vr evKkvji weivwaZv Kij) GB cwiwwZi mw nZ
bv|
GiB ga cavbZ wmwcwei D`vM bvc I MdZvi Govbv AvIqvgx
jxMi bZZi ga Mvcb hvMvhvM cwZwZ nq Ges msMwVZfve gywRe
nZvi AvbyvwbK cwZev` Rvbvbvi wmv nq| m-gZ WvKmy I
QvmsMVbjvi D`vM 29 Avei cKvk RvZxq kvK w`em (gZvi
eez wZ w`em) cvjbi KgmwP MnY Kiv nq| ci cwZ AmY _vKvq 4
bf^i -Gi ZvwiL cybtwbavwiZ nq| KgmwPi cPvii Ask wnme `ywU cPvic
(wjdjU) cKvk Kiv nq| Gi GKwUZ wQj evLvmn evKkvj KgmwP I
gywRenZvi eYbv Ges AciwUZ 4 bf^ii KgmwP A_vr XvKv weke`vjq
eUZjv _K gywRei avbgwi 32 b^i moKi evwo ch gb wgwQj mdj
Kivi Avnvb| cPvic cKvk Kiv wQj ZLb LyeB SuywKcY KvR Ges Zv wewj
KiZ wMqI ek KRb Qv BDwbqb Kgx MdZvi nq KviveiY Kib|
4 bf^ii KgmwPmn ZrKvjxb Av`vjb mePq D`vMx fwgKv cvjb
Kib WvKmy I Qv BDwbqb bZv gyRvwn`yj Bmjvg mwjg, gvneye Rvgvb I
QvjxM bZv BmgZ Kvw`i Mvgv| Aviv hviv Rxebi SuywK wbq GwMq
GmwQjb Zviv njb QvjxMi L. g. Rvnvxi, Ievq`yj Kv`i, mq` bij
Bmjvg, iweDj Avjg Payix, gKzj evm, KvRx BKevj, ggZvR nvmb,
30

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 17

gywRe-nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

159

evnjyj gRbyb Pzb~ cgyL Ges Qv BDwbqbi bn&-Dj Avjg jwbb, KvRx AvKivg
nvmb, Kvgij Avnmvb Lvb, ARq `vk, Lv`Kvi kIKZ Rywjqvm, Avyj
gvbvb Lvb, gYvj miKvi, wbqvR Avng` Acy, wMqvm Dwb Payix, bi Avjx
cgyL|
ce-wbavwiZ KgmwP Abyhvqx 4 bf^i mKvj Qviv XvKv wekwe`vjq
eUZjvq mgvMZ nq| wKQy AvIqvgx jxM, bvc, wmwcwe, kwgK I bvix bZvKgxI
Zv`i mv_ hvM `b| mKvj 10Uvi wKQy ci eyK Kvjv evR aviY Ki `yB
mvwiZ wgwQjKvixMY avbgwi 32 b^i moKi Dk iIqvbv nb| AbKi
nvZ wQj dzj| iZ AZzrmvnx `yGKRb Rq evsjv, Rq eez vMvb
`b|31 bxjZ cywjk duvwoi mvgb wgwQj AvUK `qv nq| wgwQji mvgbi
KvZvi _vKv gyRvwn`yj Bmjvg mwjg I Abvb QvbZv`i mv_ i nq
cywjki evKweZv| GKRb cywjk Awdmvi Zvi Iqvijm-dvb Acicvi
Dk ejb, wj Pvjvbv me bq, kZ kZ Qv wgwQj hvM w`qQ|32 cvq
20/25 wgwbU ci DaZb cywjk KgKZvi mv_ hvMvhvM Ki vMvb bv `qvi
kZ ivv Qo `qv nq|
wgwQj hZB GMvq, ZZB ivvi `ycvk _K gvbyl kvwgj nq| KjvevMvb
cuQvbvi ci kZ kZ Qvi wgwQj nvRvi nvRvi kvKvZ evOvwji KiY
mvwiZ cwiYZ nq| KjvevMvb _KB Lvj` gvkviidi gv I fvB (mvsm`
ivk` gvkviid) wgwQj hvM `b|33 mvgwiK cniv cwiq kl ch wgwQj
31

32
33

AvMi w`b 3 bf^i fvi Lvj`-kvdvqZi bZZ AvM we`vnx`i wei GKwU
mvgwiK Afzvb msNwUZ nq| ki k njv ez GB mgxKiYi wfwZ AfzvbwUK
wbR`i ci fe eUZjvq DcwZ AvIqvgx cwievii m`m`i ga DrdzjZv `
nq| wK GB aviYv mwVK wQj bv
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 18
gvkviid vZe`i gv wgwQj hvM `qvq iUvbv nq h, G wgwQj 3 bf^i-Afzvbi
bZv Lvj` gvkviidi Avkxev`cy I Zvi gvqi bZZ msMwVZ| cKZcve, Aviv
AbK AskMnYKvixi gZv KjvevMvb _K hvM w`q 32 b^i moK ch nuU hvIqv
Qvov ivk` gvkviid I Zvi gvi Ab Kvbv fwgKv wQj bv| ivk` gvkviid AvIqvgx
ivRbxwZZ hy _vKjI Zvi fvB Lvj` gvkviid ewMZfve AvIqvgx mg_K wQjb
bv| Afzvbi AvM-ci wZwb AvIqvgx jxMi mv_ Kvbv hvMvhvMI Kibwb| kvKwgwQj hvvK evavnxb Kivi Rb Gi AbZg cavb D`vv gyRvwn`yj Bmjvg mwjg gv
GKeviB 4 bf^i mKvj Lvj` gvkviidK dvb ejb, Avgv`i bZv RvwZi
wcZvK nZv Kiv nqQ| Avgiv Zvi cwZev` Kie| Zvi Rb PvLi cvwb djev, kvK
Kie, wgwQj Kie| Avcbvi Avwg hb evav bv `q| G cm Lvj` gvkvidi msw
Reve wQj :IUv wmwfwjqvb`i evcvi, Avwgi wKQy Kivi bB| [gybxivgvb, c~ev]
Lvj` gvkviidi Afzvbi ci GB kvK-wgwQj AbywZ nIqvq kc wgwQjK Zvi
Avkxev`cy ej AccPvi Ki| cKZc Afzvb I wgwQj `yUviB cwZ I msNUb

80

160

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Me cuQ| gybxivgvb Rvbvb :

eezi evwoi MU wQj e| mvgb wQj cywjk| KvDKB fZi XzKZ `qv
nqwb| GK AfZce kvK-wenj `ki AeZviYv nq 32 b^ii evwowUi
MUi mvgb| Kvbvi ivj co hvq| mg cwiek nq co kvKvwffZ|
34
GiB ga gvbyl dzj AcY Ki e Kiv MUi mvgb|

kvK cKvkbv_ gbwgwQj njI GUvB gywRenZvi c_g msMwVZ RvZxq

cwZev`|35
cwZev` meevcx nj bv Kb?
G Aavqi iZ ejv nqQ, mvgwiK kvmb/mv AvBb Rvwii cvvj UvgwmbMvbi mvgb eyK cZ w`q ZvrwYK cwZev` G`k KLbvB nqwb|
wK gv mvo wZb-Pvi eQi AvM GKwU dzjK euvPvbvi Rb jKvwU
gvbyl hLvb Rxeb-gZzK cvqi fZmg MY KiQ mLvb h_vh_ cwZev`
bv nIqvi Dchy hyw meRb Mvn bq| G cm Kjvgwe` gybxivgvb ejb :
...NUbvUv ay AcZvwkZ wQj bv, eis GZUvB Awekvm wQj h, eezi hviv
mg_K wQjb-Zviv Zv eUB, hviv mg_K wQjb bv-ZvivI c_g wekvm
KiZ Pvbwb| cvNvZM ivMxi gZv evakw nvwiq emwQjb AbKB|
... GB mvicvBR GwjgU-Gi IciB wbfi KiwQj NvZK`i lohi
mvdj| Zviv wnmve KiwQj, evOvwji gvbm eezi h-Avmb, mUv h
KLbv KPzZ nZ cvi-GUv evOvwji eva aiv coZ coZ Zviv cwiwwZ
wQq be|...36

KvhZ nqwQjI Zv-B| weMwWqvi mvLvIqvZ nvmb G cm ejb :

AvhRbK h, GZeo NUbvi Kvbv cwZev` Kv_vI _K IVwb, GgbwK
15 ZvwiL mKvj _KB Ggwc nvj Ges Abvb RvqMv nZ msm`
m`mMY,37 hvi ewkifvM gZvmxb AvIqvgx jxMi m`m, Zv`i cieZx

34
35

36
37

mKnxbfve mgvivj mb nq| wgwQji ZvwiL cwZi Afve 29 Avei _K

wcwQq 4 bf^i cybt wbavwiZ nq| KvKZvjxqfve AfzvbwUI NU Gi AvMi w`b|
mgqi KvKZvj I Lvj`i gvqi wgwQj hvM`vbi NUbvK cuywR Ki mviv`k
wekl Ki mvgwiK evwnbxZ GKwU fviZweivax Dbv`bv mw Kiv nq
gybxivgvb , gywRe nZv : cwZwqv-cwZev` (wbe),c~ev
eexi Kv`i wmwKx G nZvKvi cwZev` Zvi evwnbx wbq mk jovBqi cwZ bb
Ges Gi c mg_b Av`vqi Rb fviZ Mgb Kib| cwiwwZ AbyKj bv nIqvq wZwb
mLvb ^Qv-wbevmb Rxebhvcb Kib, ci cwiek AbKj nj `k wdi Avmb
gybxivgvb, gywRe nZv : cwZwqv-cwZev` (wbe), c~ev
XvKvq G mgq gbvbxZ Rjv Mfbi`i cwkY PjwQj| wKQyw`b c~e Rjv evKkvji
mv`K I mn-mv`K`i gbvbxZ Kiv nq| Rjv KwgwUi m`mc` I _vbv evKkvj

gywRe-nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

161

KiYxq ev Zviv Avgv`i (gvb mbvevwnbxi) Kvbv KvR AvmZ cvi wKbvGme Rvbvi Rb weMW Ges Abvb nWKvqvUvi AbeiZ dvb KiB
hvwQj|38

81

162

weklY fwlZ KiZI wcQcv nqwb|40 gybxivgvb Aviv ejb :

15 AvMi gywRenZvi cwZev` bv nIqvi cQb Aviv `yUv KviY DjL
KiZ ne| Gi GKwU nQ evKkvj MVb| evKkvj mK weici
cPvi wQj kL gywRe evKkvj MVb Ki AvRxebi Rb gZv KzwMZ
KiQ| G-KviYI gvbyli ga mw nq wevw|
AviKwU nQ `ywf I A_bwZK gvbRgU e_Zv, AvBb-kLjv
cwiwwZi gvebwZ Ges gZvmxb AvIqvgx jxMi DZ AvPiY I `ybxwZi
Rb me gvbyl _K wewQbZv| Gme KviY gywRenZvi ZvrwYK cwZev`
gvbyl KZUv mvov `e Zv wbwZ wQj bv NUbvi AvKwKZvq nZwenj
AvIqvgx jxM bZZ| Avi hnZz gZvmxb evKkvj Z_v AvIqvgx jxM
cwZev` Kiwb, m-KviY Ab ivRbwZK `j ev RbmvaviYI ^ZtzZfve
cwZev` ivvq bvg wb| wKkviMi cwZev`wU wQj GKgv ewZg|41

Kx wewP! mvsm`MY Zv`i KiYxq Kx Zv Rvbvi Rb dvb KiQb

KvUbgU| Abw`K PMvg I wKkviMi cwZev`KvixMYi wgwQj Kivi
cve vbxq bZZ mvov `bwb| G cm gybxivgvbi gjvqb nj :
Zviv fq cqwQjb ev nZvk nq cowQjb A_ev RbMY _K GZUvB
wewQb wQjb h, mvaviY gvbyli gvS gyf Kivi gZv Aev Zv`i wQj
bv| wKkviMi ZLbKvi ivRbwZK bZZi ejvq hwU cixwZ mZ,
eni RvZxq cwimii ivRbwZK bZZi ejvqI Gme KviYi cvq
mejvB mZ| RvZxq chvq KDB ZvrwYK cwZev` ivvq bvgbwb|
... msm`-m`mMY gywRenZvi m m wbRivI ivRbwZKfve wbnZ nq
mbvevwnbx-wbfi nq cowQjb| wPv Kivi ev D`vM bqvi mvnm,
gZv ev BQv KvbvUvB Zv`i wQj bv|...39

gywRenZvi ZvrwYK cwZev` bv nIqvi Aci GKwU KviY nj AvIqvgx jxMi

bZZi A| ^vaxbZv hy PjvKvjB Zv cKvk cvq Ges ^vaxbviKvj
AvcmKvgx I `vwqZnxb gvkZvK-kL gwYMs gywRei Avwkev`cy nq AvIqvgx
jxMi Av`ki cKZ Abymvix`i KvYVvmv Ki dj| nZvi ciciB
gvkZvKi gZvivnY Ges ^mgqi eeavb AvIqvgx jxMiB GKvsk
gw nIqvq AvIqvgx gnj GB aviYv wevi jvf Ki h, gywRe wbnZ njI
gZv AvIqvgx jxMi nvZB iqQ| ZZw`b gywRei RbwcqZvI nvm
cqwQj, Abw`K gZvmxb gvkZvKi weivwaZv Ki nvjyqv-iwUi fvM
_K ewZ nIqv I wbMni wkKvi nIqvi SuywKI KD KD wbZ Pvqwb|
NvZKiv `Zvi mv_ GB gbvfveK Zv`i AbyKj eenvi KiZ mg nq|
1973 mvj QvnZvi cwZev` gywRei AvRxeb WvKmyi m`mc wQuo djv I
eezi cwZ Akvjxb Dwi AwfhvM WvKmy Awdm I mviv`k bvc, Qv
BDwbqb Awdm Rvwjq w`q, niZvj cvjb Ki hviv cwZkva wbqwQj ZvivB
1975 mvj wmuwoZ gywRei iv jvk gvwoq gwi PvKwi MnY waveva
Kiwb| GgbwK gwZ bv-cvIqv KD KDI gywReK divDb cfwZ

gZvmxb AvIqvgx-evKkvjxiv cwZev` GwMq bv Avmvi KviY wnme

gywRe nZv gvgjvi ivq ewYZ ivRbwZK mswZi DjL Ki ejv nq :
... Awemsevw`Z bZv eez wbnZ nIqvi ce I ci Zvi AbymvixMYi
eenvi AbK cv_K| Bnv wKQyUv evaMg Avgv`i `ki bZv wfwK
ivRbwZK BwZnvmi cwZ; hgb bZv AvQ Zv me AvQ, bZv bvB Zv
KD bvB|

Dchy welqmgni mvi-msc wnme ejv hvq, gZvmxb `ji e_Zv,

`ybxwZ, MYwewQbfv, ivRbwZK AvbyMZ I bZZi Afve G wbgg nZvKvi
ZvrwYK cwZev` XvKvmn mviv`k msMwVZ nq wb|
cmg DjL, Lybx`i gyLcv (m wbRI Lybx) gRi Wvwjgi x
Zvmwbg nZvKvi ci wKQyw`b weKZ gwi gZv AvPiY Ki| Ab mevB
hLb Lybx gRi`i bv-ivMvbvi Rb mZK, Zvmwbg ZLb I`i Avgj `qv Zv
`ii K_v eis `LjB _yZz42 djZ|
gywRe wbnZ nIqvi ci msweavb Abyhvqx mq` bRij Bmjvgi Avqx
ivcwZ wnme `ki kvmbfvi MnY Kivi K_v| wK Kvbv `ytmvnwmK
KvRi D`vv wnme Zvi cwiwPwZ wQj bv| ci Lywb`i miKvi hvM`vbi
40

38
39

KwgwUZ gbvbqb cfwZ Z`weii Rb AwaKvsk mvsm` ZLb XvKvq Aevb KiwQjb|
hw`I msm` ZLb Awaekb wQj bv
weMwWqvi mvLvIqvZ nvmb (Ae.), evsjv`k : iv Aavq cv 46
gybxivgvb gywRe nZv : cwZwqv-cwZev` (wbe), c~ev

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

41
42

mq` bRij, ZvRDwb, gbmyi Avjx, Kvgvivgvb, mvgv` AvRv`, ivvK, Zvdvqj
cgyL huviv gvkZvKi mv_ nvZ gjvZ Pvbwb Zuv`iK mvnKvji ga MdZvi nq
KvivMvi hZ nj| Ze `ytLRbK h, ZuvivI SuywK wbq ZvrwYK cwZev` GwMq
Avmbwb| hw`I c_gv Pvi bZvK klch Rxeb w`ZB nj
gybxivgvb, gywRe nZv : cwZwqv-cwZev` (wbe) c~ev
GGj LwZe, Kviv gwRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 51

gywRe-nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

163

cve wbq Zvni VvKzi I kvn gvqvg Zuvi KvQ Mj wZwb ejb :
Avgvi Avi Kvbv miKvwi c`i `iKvi bB| gvkZvKK ejv AvgvK
Qo w`Z| Avwg gqgbwmsn Pj hve| Avi Kw`bB euvPe| GKUz Aemi
Rxeb KvUvZ PvB|43

ZvRDwb wQjb gvkZvKi wPik| gywRebMi miKvi XvKvq cuQB

lohKvix gvkZvKK ciivgxi `vwqZ _K AevnwZ `q| wK
gywRe ZvK cybevwmZ Kib| 1974-Gi bf^i wKwmvii XvKv mdii
cvvj gywRei gxmfv _K ZvRDwbi we`vq I evKkvj Zuvi Afz
bv-nIqvi cQb gvkZvKi fwgKv meRbwew`Z| ZvB gvkZvK ZvRDwbi
KvQ KvDK cvVvbwb| Ze gZvq AwawZ nqB gvkZvK ZvRDwbi
evwoZ mk cniv gvZvqb Ki ZuvK bRiew` Ki ivL| cnivq wbqvwRZ
mbv`i `LB wZwb ejb, Zvgiv Avgvi bZvK nZv KiQ, AvgvKI nZv
Kiv|44 nvq `yfvM! AvovB gvmi gv_vq wZwb `eZvi Mvm njb|
Aev eMwZK `L cavbgx gbmyi Avjx AvMvcb Kib| `yw`b ci
mvgwiKevwnbxi m`miv ZvK KjvevMvbi GK evwo _K MdZvi Ki45
efeb wbq Avm| gvkZvK ZvK cavbgxi c` MnYi Avnvb Rvbvj
wZwb Zv cZvLvb Kivq ZvK c_g eBwj ivW bRiew` I ci Rj cvwVq
`qv nq|
kvwk KvgvivgvbI cwiwwZi `vwegZ GKRb `vnx bZv wnme
AvwefZ nZ cvibwb| Lybx`i miKvi hvM`vbi ck Zvi Reve wQj :
cvwUi Avi me jvK bv Mj AvwgB ev hvB wK Ki? Zvi Pq evwK KUv w`b
Ggwb _vwK|46
Lybx-miKvi hvM`vbi ck wRjyi ingvbi ee wQj : GUv nZ cvi
bv| Ave`yi ivvKi Reve wQj Avwg hve bv| AvgvK wei Kieb bv| hv
Lywk KiZ cvib| Zvdvqj ejwQjb : Avwg hve bv| Avgvi K_v ev` w`b|
Avgvi Avi `iKvi bB|47
e`yKi bji gyL gvkZvK Pi mv_ hvM`vb eva nIqvi K_v
cieZxKvj hviv ejQb, Zv`i Dk GZUzKz ejvB h_ h, Dchy
bZe`i KD KD Rxeb w`q, KD KD Rxeb-ewj`vb cZ nq, Akl
wbMn mn Ki, mKvj h_v_ gywRembvi cwiPq w`qQb|
43
44
45
46
47

AavcK Avey mvBwq`, Rj nZvKv, c~ev, cv 25

GGj LwZe, Kviv gwRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 18
GGj LwZe, Kviv gwRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 19
AavcK Avey mvBwq`, Rj nZvKv, c~ev, cv 25
AavcK Avey mvBwq`, Rj nZvKv, cyev,, cv 25-26|

82

164

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

gywRe-nZv cwZiva cPv I cwZev`

165

gZvi cvjve`j
gywReK nZvi ci nZvKvix`i GKvsk eZvi K` `Lj Ki gvkZvK I
mvgwiKevwnbxi bvg gZv `Lji NvlYv `q| AvbyvwbKfve mvgwiK AvBb
Rvwi nq 20 AvM| 15 AvMi NUbv Kvbv mvgwiK Afzvb wQjbv| Gi
m hy wQj gv `ywU iwRgUi (1g ej jvvi I 2q wd AvwUjvwi)
AmsLK Rywbqi Awdmvi I mwbKmn bMbmsLK ewnZ/Aemicv ew|
mvgwiKevwnbxi DaZb KgKZv ev cyiv evwnbx GZ RwoZ wQj bv| Aevi
Pvc co I Mnhyi Avkvq Zviv mw`b AvbyMZ ^xKvi eva nqwQjb|
Ze c_g myhvMB wegvbevwnbx cavb weeKi Zvobvq c`ZvM Kib|
mbvcavb NvZK`i kvw`vbi D`vM wbq e_ nb|
BZvga Afzvbi mv_ RwoZ ewnZ/Aemicv KgKZv`i
mbvevwnbxZ wbqwgZ wnme AvxKiY Kiv nq1 Ges wewfb BDwbU cvws
`Iqv nq| wK wbqvM MnY KijI Zviv KD-B Kvb cvws MnY Ki wb|
dviK I iwk` Aevb KiZv gvkZvKi mv_ efeb Ges Wvwjg, bi,
kvnwiqvi I Abiv2 eZvi feb| efeb 8wU, mvnivIqv`x D`vb 8wU I
KvUbgU jvvi jvBb 12wU Uv gvZvqbKZ wQj| m^ii gvSvgvwS
mbvm`i _K GK wb`k efeb wZbwU iL evKx me Uv Awej^
KvUbgU wdwiq AvbZ ejv nq| wK 7 w`bi gaI cvwjZ bv nIqvq
wb`kwU evwZj Kiv nq| GB wQj kLjvi Aev| we`vnxiv wekl Ki Uv I
Mvj`vR evwnbx wQj hveZxq AvBbi Ea| AwaK DP chvqi KgKZvMY
gRi`i wb`k bZ I gvbZ gvbZ Kv nq cowQj|
Rbvij wRqvmn mvgwiK evwnbxi GKUv Ask G Aev gb bq|
weMwWqvi Lvj` gvkviid, weMwWqvi bivgvb (ix evwnbxi cavb), Kbj
1

Aveii klva mbvevwnbxi cgvkb evW iwk`, dviK I WvwjgK j. Kbj iv

c`vbwZ `q| DjL, D cgvkb evWi mfvq Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj cgvkbi
cwieZ Zv`i wePvii eev bqvi mycvwik Kib Ges gRi Rbvij wKD wR
`Mxi, weMwWqvi wm Avi ` I Kzwgjvi weMW Kgvvi Kbj AvgRv` nvmb Payix
Zv mg_b Kib| wK msLvMwi m`m Lybx`i c`vbwZi c gZ `q
eZvi feb AevbKvixiv wewfb ewK ai Gb wbhvZb I Puv`v Av`vq KiZv| ej
AwfhvM cvIqv hvq

83

166

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

gZvi cvjve`j

165

kvdvqvZ Rvwgj cgyL hviv Zv gb wbZ cviwb Zviv 3 bf^i 1975 GKwU
Afzvb NUvb| AfzvbKvix`i AbZg Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgji gZ Gi gj
j wQj :
K. mbevwnbxi PBb Ae Kgv cybcwZv Kiv;
L. 15 AvMi we`vn Ges nZvKvi myz Z` I wePvii eev
Kiv;
M. msweavb-ewnfZ Aea miKvii AcmviY Ges
N. GKRb wbic ewi Aaxb MwVZ GKwU AeZxKvjxb miKvii
gvag 6 gvmi ga RvZxq wbevPb mb Ki ivxq gZv RbMYi
wbevwPZ miKvii KvQ nvi Kiv|3
Afzvb mPbvi BwZ wnme 2 bf^i ivZ wZbUvq efeb gvZvqbKZ
1g eji Kvvbx `yUv KvUbgU wdi Avm| Lybx gvkZvK-iwk` Pi
Kej _K wewQb Ki ivLvi Dk Kvb nvwdRyjvni bZZ mbvcavb
wRqvK evmvq wbivcv-ndvRZ ivLv nq|4 iwWI-wUwfZ AevbKvix 2q
wd iwRgU AvwUjvwii Awdmviiv kvdvqvZ Rvwgji wb`k dviK-iwk`i
AvbyMZ ZvM Ki iwWI-wUwf e Ki `q| 3 bf^i fvi (dv jvBU)
vqvWb wjWvi wjqvKZi bZZ nwjKvi I dvBUvi cb AvKvk Do
mvivw`b chvqg gvZvqbKZ Uvmgni Dci Avgbi gnov Pvjvq| GKB
mv_ i nq Uwjdvb efeb AevbKvix iwk`-Imgvbx-gvkZvKi mv_
Lvj` gvkviidi evK-hy| GK iKg webv cwZiva Uwjdvb-hyB Lybxiv
civRq gb wbq `kZvMi BQv cKvk Ki| Zv`i civfZ KiZ GKwU
wjI LiP KiZ nqwb| dviKi 1g ej jvvi eZxZ Ab mKj BDwbU
Lvj`-bivgvb-kvdvqvZi mv_ hvM `q|
mve Mnhy, iq Govbv I cqvRb ci BUvicvji mvnvh ai
Avbv hve weePbv Ki Lybx`i `kZvMi mBd cmR `qv nq|5
AvwUjvwii gRi gwnDwb6 eZxZ NvZK`i 17 Rb wegvbevwnbx cavb

83

166

Gg. wR. ZvIqvei eevcbvq ivZ 11Uvq evK AwfgyL iIqvbv nq|
Lvj` gvkviid GKRb bZzb cwmWUi `vwqZ MnYi AvM ch
gvkZvKKB ^c` envj ivLZ PqwQjb| wK ciw`b 4 bf^i mKvj
eei I wbziZg RjnZvi msev` cvIqvi ci ZvK AcmviYi Rb ejv
11Uvi w`K wZwb efeb hvb| KvUbgUi gZv Lvj` `Lj KijI
efeb ZLbI gvkZvKi wbqY| Pviw`K bvbv Re7, Avkv Avi
DRbv!
mvivw`b nWKvqvUvi Acv Ki Kvb msev` bv cq mvq wZbRb
Awdmvimn kvdvqvZ Rvwgj efeb hvb| mLvb ZLb GK DRbvKi
cwiwwZi mw nq| kl ch wRqvi c`ZvMc MnY I Lvj`K c`vbwZmn
mbvcavb c` wbqvM`vb, mycxg KvUi Avcxj wefvMi wePvicwZ Avnmvb
Dwb Payix, nvBKvU wefvMi wePvicwZ KGg mvenvb I wePvicwZ mq`
gvnv` nvmb mg^q RjnZv Z` Kwgkb MVb Ges ivcwZi
c`ZvMc gvkZvKi ^vi`vb mb nq| Gici 15 AvM nZvKv I
3 bf^i Rj nZvKvi mv_ mswkZvi AwfhvM gvkZvKK Mnew` Ki
cwmWwqvj myBU Ges kvn gvqvg, Ievq`yi ingvb, Zvni Dwb VvKzi I
bij Bmjvg gyiK MdZvi Ki K`xq KvivMvi cvVvbv nq| RjnZvi
NUbv RbI wPd Ae wWd vd wnme Kvb eev bv bqvq wWmcmdzj
AvPiYi Rb gRi Rbvij Lwjjyi ingvbKI MdZvi Kiv nq|
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3
4

5
6

Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.) GKvii gywhy, iv ga AvM I lohgq bf^i,

mvwnZ cKvk, XvKv, 1998, cv 126
3 bf^i `ycyi `yUvi w`K wRqv wbRK ivRbxwZZ RovZ Pvb bv KviY `wLq
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hvq

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

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chvqg wewfb iwRgUi wmwbqi RwmI`i WK wbq ejZ jvMjb h, hviv
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6 gvmi ga wbevPbi eev I wbjyl-wbic ckvmb Mo Zvjv cfwZ|
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nIqv DwPZ| mfv PjvKvj ivZ 12 Uvi w`K KvUbgU _K dvb wmcvwn
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ivw hvcb Kib|
3 bf^i Lvj`i Afzvbi ci mbvwbevm dviKi jvvi I iwk`i
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10

NUQ Zv gvbyl RvbZ cviwb| G myhvM GKw`K Re mZ icvwiZ nIqvi myhvM

cvq Ges Abw`K weivaxiv msMwVZ nq
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gymwjg jxMi GKwU wjdjUI XvKv mbvwbevm Qovbv nq| DjL, 6 bf^i ivZ `kUvi
w`K wmcvB`i we`vn Ges Lvj` I kvdvqvZK gi djvi wb`k msv msev`
kvdvqvZK Rvbvbv nq| wZb-cavbi eVKi GK chvq Zv Lvj`KI Rvbvbv nq|
wK Lvj` welqwUK Mvn Kib wb Ges Kvb eevI MnY Kiv nqwb|
AcwiYvg`kxZvi G GK wb`kb ewK!
16 wWm^i 1971 cvwKvbx evwnbxi AvmgcY Abyvb R. wbqvwRK GmKU Ki wbq
Avmv exi gywhvv nvq`vi PMvgi GKwU evUvwjqbi Kgvvi wQjb| G mgq meZ
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84

168

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

we`vn AMYx fwgKv cvjb Ki| ivZ 1Uvi gaB Zviv cyiv KvUbgU
Qwoq co| bvivq ZvKwei-Avjv AvKevi, wmcvB wmcvB fvB fvB-mye`vii
Dci Awdmvi bvB, wmcvB wmcvB fvB fvB-Awdmvi`i i PvB, Rbvij wRqv
wR`vev`-wmcvB wece wR`vev` cfwZ vMvb I Gjvcv_vwo wj QyoZ QyoZ
NvZK gRi gwnDbi (AvwUjvwi) bZZ (gZvi nvwej`vi mvivqvii
bZZ) 1g ej jvvii GK`j mb wRqvK gy Ki 2q wd iwRgU
AvwUjvwiZ wbq Avm| mLvb wRqvi fviZ-weivax DRbvcY eZv
wmcvB`i Aviv Db Ki Zvj|
7 bf^i mKvj 1g ej jvvi I 2q wd AvwUjvwii GK`j mb Gm
10g ejK we`vn hvM w`Z Avnvb Rvbvj GLvbI MvjhvM Qwoq co
Ges GK chvq Kvb Avmv` I Kvb Rwjjmn KqKRb Awdmvi Vvv
gv_vq wj I eqbU PvR Ki Lvj`, `v I nvq`viK nZv Ki|11
7 bf^i GB wZbRbK nZv Kiv eZxZ Avi Kvb wnsmvK NUbv NUwb|
Ze ciw`b 8 bf^i i nq wmcvB KZK Awdmvi wbab h| Lvj`i
Afzvbi mv_ Kvb hvMmvRk bv _vKv mI Kvb Avbvqvi nvmb, j.
gyvwdRyi ingvb, gRi AvwRg, WUvj mvRb Kwig, Wv. Pwi cgyL 13 Rb
Awdmvi Ges j. Kbj Avey Imgvb Payixi xK Lyb Kiv nq| mwbK`i
AivRKZv Gic chvq cuQwQj h, gv GK-ZZxqvsk Awdmvi Kvb iKg
Zv`i Kgv eRvq ivLZ mg nb Ges Aewkiv KvUbgU Qo mvaviY
gvbyli ek h hLvb cvi cvwjq cvYiv Kib| GgbwK wRqv I Abvbiv
7 w`b ai Awdmi fZiB bvIqv-LvIqv-wb`vi eev KiZ eva nb|12
Aekl wRqv hkvi KvUbgU _K 7g, 9g, 11k I 12k ej iwRgUi
Kgvv `j Gb Awdmvi`i wbivcvi eev Kib|
ew``kv _K gy nq wRqv13 cybt mvgwiK gZv wdi cvb| g WcywU
_K wPd gvkvj-j GvWwgwbUi I ci cwmWUi c` AjZ Kib|
wZwb mvgwiK AvBbK mvsweavwbK ^xKwZ `b| wRqv gZv nvZ wbq 15
AvM I 3 bf^ii Rj nZvKv RwoZ`i we`k evsjv`kx wgkbjvZ
PvKwi w`q cybevwmZ Kib| LywbP memgqB (wPd nIqvi ceI) wRqvi
Avkq-ckq cqQ| gvkZvK-wRqv PvKwiPzZ NvZK`i PvKwiB Kej wdwiq
`bwb, ivZvivwZ cgvkb w`q I`i cyiZI KiQb| dviK-iwk` `Zvevmi
11

12
13

Lvj`i wb`k iscyi weMW _K `yB evUvwjqb mb 6 bf^i XvKvq Avm| Gi GK

evUvwjqb ki evsjv bMi Ges AciwUi wKQy Ask mvfvi I evKx Ask bMievwo NvU
Aevb bq| gywhyi mgq Iiv K dvmi mv_ Kuva Kuva wgwjq hy Ki| wK
GB `kg eji Awdmvi`i nvZB Lvj` cgyLi cvYnvwb NU
wmcvB wece msNUb mK Rvm` Aavq wevwiZ AvjvPbv Kiv nqQ
wRqv mK wevwiZ Rvbvi Rb cwiwk 12 co~b

gZvi cvjve`j

169

PvKwi MnY Kiwb eis 1976 mvj Mvcb Wvwjgmn `k wdi dviK mvfvi
I eov Ges iwk`-Wvwjg XvKv mbvwbevm wewfb BDwbUi Kgv-KUvj nvZ
wbZ Pv Ki| wRqv GRb Kvbv Kvbv BDwbUi AbK mbK KvU gvkvj
Ki mvRv `b, GgbwK Lv` ej jvi f `b| wK IB nvZv`i
wei Kvbv kvwgjK eev bv wbq wZwb Zv`i Avevi we`k cvwVq
`b| Geswea KviY Kumyjx wmivRyj nK gywRe nZvKv wRqvi fwgKvK
inmRbK ej ge Kib| cmZ DjL, R. Gikv`I gZv `Lj Ki
NvZK`i wZxqevi cybevmb Kib Ges Zv`i mvKzj eKqv eZb cwikva
Kib| Ab K_vq, 1996 mvj AvIqvgx jxM miKvi MVbi ce ch mKj
miKvii AvgjB 1975-Gi NvZKiv wekl AvbyKj cq GmQ| hvnvK,
mvgwiKevwnbxi AfixY Amvl I ivRbwZK-DPvwfjvlxcbvi mekl
Qvej 1981 mvji 31gi wRqv nZv| bvbv KviY gyi-gwZ-Gikv` mw`b
gZv `Lj KiZ cviwb| 1982 mvji 24 gvP `ybxwZ, bvix-Kjvwi, ivgZvq mvgwiKevwnbxi wnmv `vwe cfwZ KviY cwmWU mvvi Gikv`K
eiLv Ki g. R. kvgmyvgvbK mbvevwnbxi cavb wbhy Kib| wK
ZrKvjxb weGbwc miKvii Z_gx kvgmyj `v Paywi Av`kwU cPvii
Rb iwWI-Uwjwfkb bv cvwVq evaMg KviY Gikv`i wbKU cvwVq w`j
Gikv` icvZnxb Afzvb NwUq wZxqevi mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi I gZv
`Lj Kib|
`yfvM MYZ-wcq evOvwj-RvwZi| ^vaxbZv ARbi gvag cvwKvwb
mvgwiK-emvgwiK ^iZi nvZ _K gyw cZ bv cZB i nq
evsjv`kx mvgwiK wblY| 1975 I 82 `y-eviB mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi nq
eiLvKZ Awdmvi`i (Wvwjg I Gikv`) viv| cfz bq ezi cfz AvBqye
Lvbi fvlvq, e`ywZK evZvg wUcj hgb nq, mvgwiK AvBb wVK Zgwbfve
AvmjI GK Zvovbv LyeB KwVb evcvi| e KvV-Lo cywoq, i-Ak wemRb
w`q 1990 mvj mf gvbyli (wmwfj) Afzvb NwUq mvgwiK kvmb `ixfZ
Kiv nqQ| Ze G fZ mwZB `i nqQ-bv KvcUi wbP Mv-XvKv w`q
AvQ, Zv wbq Ki ejv gykwKj|
Rj nZvKv
gZv `Lji ci gvkZvK wnme Kl `Ljb h, Avmj gwK-mbvevwnbxK
ev` w`j, AvmQ ZviB cyibv cvwU AvIqvgx jxMi c _K| ZvB wZwb wej^
bv Ki Zvi mKj mve cwZwK mwiq `qvi aZ I fqi c`ci
mPbvq gywRebMi miKvii gx PZzq bRij, ZvRDwb, gbmyi I
KvgvivgvbK MdZvi Ki Rj cvwVq `b|14 Gu`i Lyb Kivi KviY

85

170

evLv KiZ wMq dviK ej h, kL gywReK Iiv hfve DrLvZ KiQ,

mfve Lv`Kvi gvkZvKIZv DrLvZ nZ cvi| H Aevq fviZi
mnvqZvq Kvb cvv Afzvb NU Mj, Rji Pvi bZvi h Kvb GKRbK
Ub Gb cvv miKvi MVbi eev Kiv ne| myZivs Zv`iK mwiq djvi
eev KivUvB wbivc`|15 ZvB Zviv wmv bq, gvkZvKK nZv Kiv nj ev
Kvb cvv Afzvb NUj Awej^ kbZv ciYi Rb cavb wePvicwZK
cwmWU wnme kc_ bIqvZ ne Ges Rj AevbiZ Pvi bZvK nZv
KiZ ne| nZv Kivi `vwqZ `qv nq wimvj`vi gymjn& Dwbi bZZvaxb
dv ej jvvii GKwU wekl cwkYcv Rjv` evwnbxi (nvi wKjvi
wUg) Dci| cwiKbvwU mgqgZ ZvrwYK I ^qswqfve KvhKix nIqvi
DchvMx Ki Zwi Kiv nq| eve nqIwQj ZvB| Lvj`i Afzvb i
nZB Rjv` evwnbx RjMU cuQ hvq|
gvkZvK, Imgvbx, Lwjj, dviK I iwk`i cvqZ Aveii kl
w`K GKwU Avmb Afzvb mK gvUvgywU wbwZ nq| mUv wRqv bv Lvj`i
c _KZv wbq gvkZvK I iwk` 2 bf^i Mfxi ivZ ch chvjvPbv
Kib| wK ZZY Lvj`i bZZ Afzvb i nq hvq Ges Gi
cwZdjb ^ic efeb GKw`K Uwjdvb evRQ, Abw`K wb`ki ci
wb`k Rvwi nQ| jvKRb Lei wbq Dvi bvq QyUvQywU KiQ| fvi 4Uv
evRvi GKUz ci H wekLj Aevi gvSB eR DVv dvbi wiwmfvi DwVq
fvix K Avwg wWAvBwR-wcRb K_v ejwQ, gnvgvb ivcwZi m Avjvc
KiZ PvB bZ cq iwk` dvbi wiwmfviwU gvkZvKi nvZ `q|
gvkZvK wKQyY ai Kej nuv, nuv KiZ _vKb| Zvi K_v cwivi eySv bv
MjI h-Kvb evcviB nvK wZwb mwZ vcb KiwQjbGZ Avi Kvb
m`n wQj bv|16 Ab GKwU mgZ, dvb wZwb RjviK ejb, Avwg
Lv`Kvi gvkZvK ejwQ, I`i Avwg cvwVqwQ| Iiv hv KiZ ejQ ZvB
Kib|17
Gici wWAvBwR Rbve AvDqvj NvZK gymjn Dwbi bZZvaxb Pvi Kvjv
cvkvKavix`i Rji fZi ceki AbygwZ `b| Zviv cvki GKwU mj

15
14

m^ii kli w`K Rvwi Kiv GK digvb ejv nq, hw` Kvb ew `ybxwZ Ki,
GgbwK Zvi wei `ybxwZi AwfhvMI IV (wicyUW Uz we Kiv) Zvnj ZvK

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

16
17

wePvic~eK gZz` `qv ne| meZ GRbB kl mvvrKvi x RivK ZvRDwb

ejwQjb, cwiwwZ LyeB Lvivc| Avgvi gb nq bv h, RxweZ Aevq Avgiv Kvbw`b
Rj _K ei nZ cvie
Avwb gvmvKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 94
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 106
AavcK Avey mvBwq`, Rj nZvKv, vbKvl cKkvbx, XvKv, 1991, cv 28

gZvi cvjve`j

171

_K Kvgvivgvb I gbmyi AvjxK bRij-ZvRDxbi mj Gb GK Ki

Lye KvQ _K ^qswq Ai wjZ bksmfve Lyb Ki| Zv`i KD KD
mv_ mv_B gviv hvb, KD KD wKQyY AzU K cvwb cvwb ej ggf`x
AvZbv` Ki Ki wbR nq Ab Zv wbq axi axi gviv hvb|
3 bf^i mKvj 10Uvi w`K cywjki AvBwR efeb dvb Ki Rbvij
LwjjK RjnZvi msev` Rvbvj mv_ mv_ wZwb cwmWUi mUvwi
gvneyeyj Avjg PvlxK NUbvwU cwmWUK RvbvZ ejb| bvgvB Pvlx
cwmWUi ig hvb Ges GK wgwbUi gaB wdi Gm ejb, wZwb Zv
Rvbb|

86

172

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Rvm`
AvIqvgx-cwievi ZvM Kivi ci wmivRyj Avjg Lvb, Avmg Ave`yi ie,
kvRvnvb wmivR cgyL Ges Zv`i mg_K wejy gywReevwnbx I evwbK
mgvRZx QvjxMi AwffveKZi Rb GKwU ivRbwZK `ji cqvRbxqZv
Mfxifve AbyfZ nq| mgZ 31 Avei 1972 gRi (Ae) Gg. G Rwjj I
Avmg Ave`yi ieK hyM AvnevqKmn 7-m`mwewk AvnvqK KwgwU1 Ki MVb
Kiv nq RvZxq mgvRZvwK `j-Rvm`| ci 24 wWm^i 1972 AbywZ
GKv KvDwj gRi RwjjK mfvcwZ I Avmg Ave`yi ieK mvaviY
mv`K Ki 105-m`mi K`xq mvsMVwbK KwgwU Ges 12 g 1973
AbywZ c_g RvZxq mjb RvZxq KwgwU MwVZ nq|
Rvm` gvKmev`-jwbbev` I gvI-Gi wPvavivK2 Zvi Av`k I
evwbK mgvRZK j3 NvlYv Ki Ges eyRvqv kvlKkYxi gywRemiKviK DrLvZi mevK msMvg AeZxY nq|
gZvmxb miKvii wei Rx gbvfve I mgvRZi cwZ AvKvv
QvjxMi ZzjbvgjKfve mPZb, wbvevb I ZvMx AbKK evwbK
mgvRZx Rvm` AvK KiZ mg_ nq| Abw`K `ybxwZ I Abvb KviY
AvIqvgx jxM _K ewnZ Ges fviZwelx, ^vaxbZvweivax, geev`x I
1
2

AvnevqK KwgwUi Abvb m`me` njb : 1. weavbK mb 2. kvnRvnvb wmivR 3. bi

Avjg wRKz 4. myjZvb Dwb Avng` I 5. ingZ Avjx (GWfvKU)
AvmgvjvPbv `wjj, 1979, cv 13-14| Rvm`i RvZxq KwgwU KZK cvwUi Afi
Kejgv m`m`i Rb 44 cvi GB `wjjwU gvP 1979 cPvwiZ nq| DZ : bRij
Bmjvg, Rvm`i ivRbxwZ GKwU wbKU weklY, cvP cKvkbx, XvKv, 1981, cv 53-54
(UxKv)| cmg DjL, Rvm`-mwKZ AvjvPbvq hZ`i me Zv`i wbR`i
`wjjmgn h_v AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979, kvRvnvb wmivRi ivRbwZK wicvU 1980,
gvneyeyi ie mv`xi evsjv`ki mvgvwRK weKvk I mgvR wece : (AvcvwU gZv`kMZ
msMvg welqK) 1978, wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi Av`vjb I msMVb cm 1976, KgmwP,
msMVb, Av`vjb cm mg^q KwgwUi ZvwK weklY (12 bZvi `wjj) cfwZi fvl
Rbve bRij Bmjvgi c~ev M _K DZ nqQ
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, eezi mgqKvj, AvMvgx
cKvkbx, XvKv, 2000, cv 31

Rvm`

173

ivRvKvi-Avje`i`i cwievii ZiY m`miv Rvm`K Zv`i wbivc` Avkq

Ges AvIqvgx I fviZweivax g wnme eenvi Kivi cqvm cvq|4
1973 mvj ^vaxbvi wZxq WvKmy (XvKv wekwe`vjq K`xq Qv
msm`) wbevPb evsjv`k Qv BDwbqb I gywReev`x QvjxMi h_-cv_x`i
civwRZ Ki evwbK mgvRZx QvjxM Rqx nq ej gb Kiv nq (evjU
ev wQbZvBqi KviY djvdj cKvk nZ cviwb)|
^vaxbZv-cieZx DZ cwiwwZ I gZvmxb AvIqvgx jxM miKvii
KvhKjvc RbMYi Avkv-AvKvv cwZdwjZ bv-nIqvq axi axi AvIqvgx
jxM Rbmg_b nvivwQj Ges wecixZ giZ Aevbi KviY Rvm`i mg_b
eo DVwQj `L Zviv GKi ci GK miKviweivax Kvhg MnY KiZ
_vK| hgb 30 wWm^i 1973 I 20 Rvbyqvwi 1974 cwZiva w`em, 8
deqvwi 1974 niZvj I 31 gvP 1974 _K mviv `k wm.I. (mvKj
Awdmvi; ZrKvjxb _vbv ckvmbi cavb ew), Pqvigvb cfwZ NivI i
Kiv cfwZ|
^vaxbZvi ci hy-wea evsjv`k ^vfvweK Abyl wnme Lv`mgmv
`Lv `q| gvIjvbv fvmvbx GK Dcj Ki miKvi weivax ivRbxwZi mPbv
Kib| G-mgqKvj `ki wewfb Aj menviv cvwU, bvjcx cfwZ
gvIev`xiv kYx k LZgi bvg Dchycwi Lyb-LvivweZ wj nq| mewKQy
wgj ivRbxwZZ GKwU Akv cwiwwZi mw nq Ges Zv mvgvj w`Z miKvi
13 Rvbyqvwi 1974 XvKvq 144 aviv Rvwi Ki|
30 Rvbyqvwi 1974 Abyq ce-NvwlZ cwZiva w`em cvjbvcj Rvm`
18 Rvbyqvwi 144 avivK Pvj Ki cPvi-wgwQj ei Ki| Gw`b kvmK`j
AvIqvgx jxMi wZbw`b evcx w-evwlK KvDwj Awaekb i nq| dj cywjk
I ixevwnbx DfqB AwaKZi Zrci nq| Zviv XvKvq 18 Rvbyqvwi 11 Rb I 19
Rvbyqvwi 10 Rb Ges 20 Rvbyqvwi ivRkvnxZ 57 RbK MdZvi5 Ki|
GiciI gd^ji AbK vb mdj niZvj cvwjZ nq| GgZvevq `kRyo
wevf-we`vn `gbi Dk 28 Rvbyqvwi 1974 RvZxq msm` ixevwnbxK
webv-civqvbvq h-Kvbv m`nfvRbK MdZvii gZv c`vb Kiv nq|
4

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, eezi mgqKvj, c~ev, cv

24-25 I 31| cmg, `ybxwZ I Aeevcbvi AwfhvM Av`gRx cvUKj _K c`PzZ
Gg G AvIqvj, ^vaxbZvweivax gvIjvbv gZxb, fviZwelx Kwe Avj-gvngy` cgyL
Rvm`i bxwZ-wbaviK`i AbZg MY nqwQjb| Avj-gvngy` `jxq gyLc MYKi
mv`K nqwQjb| ci wZwb Bmjvgx Av`k Dy nq gjev`x RvgvZ-weGbwc RvU
hvM `b| GgbwK mfvcwZ gRi Rwjj nq DVwQjb gwZgvb Kvj gvKm-Pzj `uvwoZ
vwK eev`i cwZic; ci `xv wbqwQjb BmjvwgK gjev` I Av`g eemvq
`wbK MYK, 19, 20 I 21 Rvbyqvwi 1974

87

174

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

^ivgxi evmfeb NivI

GZ`&mI Rvm` Zv`i cewbavwiZ wm.I. Pqvigvb NivI KgmwP
evevqb GwMq hvq Ges 17 gvP 1974 cZxKx NUbv wnme ^ivgxi
wgUz ivW evmfeb NivI Ki|
17 gvP 1974 I 7 bf^i 1975 -Gi e_Zv Ges ZrcieZx miKvwi
wbhvZbi Pvc Zv`i ivZvivwZ mgvRZ cwZvi iwOb ^c wdK nq
Avm| mgvRi gai _K AvMZ AwigwZ ZiYiv nZvk I wbwq nq
co| dj ga-MMb cuQvi AvMB D`xqgvb Rvm`i MwZ nq co
wbMvgx|
G Aev _K wbwZ jvfi Rb i nq AZxZ-chvjvPbv (cKZ
cve 17 gvP I 7 bf^ii gaeZxKvj AZxZ-chvjvPbv i nq wK
Zv Kvbv wbw` cwiYwZ jvf Kiwb)| chvjvPbvq em Avwevi nq,
WbgvKi hyeivR QvovB Rvm` nvgjU g KiZ PqwQj! kvRvnvb
wmivRi fvlvq : 6
17B gvPi ce evsjv`ki mgvRKvVvgv mK evLv-weklY, wecei
i mK Avgv`i Kvbv my ee wQj bv| ^fveZB k-wg wbaviY
I Av`vjbi iciLv mK Avgv`i wevbwfwK aviYv wQj AbycwZ|

Avevi Ab ejv nqQ :

eZ 17B gvP 1974-G Avgiv Kx KiZ PqwQjvg? ZLbKvi mvwnZjv
LuyR `Lj gjZ GKwU Reve ewiq Avme| (PqwQjvg) MYAv`vjbi
Q` NwUq ZvK wecex Av`vjb icvwiZ KiZ| Abvb wKQy UzUKv
K_vevZv ejwQjvg eU, wK mUv Avmj aZei ga AvmZ cvi bv|
ZLb cvwUi w_wmm wQj bv| iYbxwZ iYKkj wQj AwbavwiZ|
cvwU w_wmm bB (gvKmev`, jwbbev`i K_v ejwQ)| cjZvwiqZ kwwfZ
bB| G Aevq Av`vjbi Pov j Kx nZ cvi? gZv `Lj? Kvi?
Rvm`i? Gjv Kvbv wKQyB wbw nqwb| A_P Av`vjb GwMq hZ
jvMj| 7

myZivs `Lv hvQ, 17 gvP 1974 -Gi AvM Rvm`i ga evsjv`ki

mgvR KvVvgv, wecei i, k wg, Av`vjbi iciLv, cvwU w_wmm,
iYbxwZ, iYKkj, Av`vjbi Pov j cfwZ mK mwVK aviYv

6
7

29 gvP 1980 Z AbywZ Rvm`i wZxq KvDwj (KvhKix) mvaviY m`Ki

ivRbwZK wicvU, cv 14
AvmgvjvPbvgjK `wjj 1979, cv 19 I 20

Rvm`

175

88

176

wQjbv ev Gjv mK wbw nqwb|8 wece mb Kivi Rb Gjvi

wevbmZ evLv I Z`vbymvi Kvhg MnY GKv evbxq njI Rvm` Zv
bv KiB Nvovi AvM Mvwo Ryo `qvi e_ Pv Ki|
17 gvP 1974 cKZc wKfve Kx NUwQj Zvi eYbvq kvRvnvb wmivR
RvbvQb :9
17B gvPi AvMB 30k Rvbyqvwi, 8B deqvwii KgmwPi gvag
Av`vjbgyLx Aevi hLb weKvk nwQj, (ZLb) Avgiv cwZwU msMVbi c
_K ewaZ mfv Ki h-Av`vjbi KgmwP evLv KiwQjvg ZvZ ejv
nqwQj, Mvm-iU jfj-G Av`vjb Qwoq w`Z ne Ges mLvb _K
GK Avevi K`gyLx Kiv ne| KD KD GUvK Mvg _K kni NivIqi
A_ eyS _vKjI evcviwU miKg wQj bv| mfveB XvKv kni GKwU
UvKb NivI Awfhvb cwiPvjbv Kivi K_v wQj|
A_P NUj Kx? UvKb NivI ejv mI, Kej ggvivg `Iqvi K_v
_vKv mI Ges ^ivgx evwo bv-_vKv mI Avgiv mvi ci mLvb
AbKY Acv KiZ jvMjvg| BwZgaB avaw, VjvVwj, A
wQbZvB, Mvjvwj10 BZvw`| knx` njb AbK|11 MdZvi njb Rwjj,
iemn AbK|

cb gq`vb mgeZ jvwaK gvigywL RbZvK, Pig DRbvcY eZvi

gvag AviI gvigywL Ki Zzj, ^ivgxi evmfeb Nivqi NvlYv w`q,
Rx wgwQj mnKvi Zuvi evmfeb ch wbq wMq Avgiv hw` ewj ay
f`fve memorandum w`Z wMqwQjvg, Zvnj GUvKI wg_vPvi Qvov wKQy ejv
hve bv|
... mw`bKvi cvwU-wb`k wQj, hZ k evwiKWB nvK Zv AwZg Ki
memorandum w`q AvmZB ne| Gi A_ wK? hLvb GKRb mvaviY eywgvb
jvKI eySZ cvi GKRb miKvwi gx H aibi GKwU wgwQj _K
memorandum wbZ PvBe bv, mLvb hgb KiB nvK memorandum w`q Avmvi
wb`k `Iqv wK msNl mw Kivi wb`k bq?

Rvbv hvq, Gi ceB Rvm` 31 gvP _K mviv `k wm.I. Pqvigvb

cfwZ NivI i Kivi wmv MnY Ki Ges gvP gvmi (meZ) wZxq
mvn XvKvq AbywZ Rvm`i ewaZ mfvq XvKvq GKUv Token (cZxKx) NUbv
bv NUj mviv`k wm.I. Pqvigvb NivI i KiZ Amyweav13 ne-Rjv
cwZwbwa`i GB gZvgZi cwicwZ 17B gvPi NUbvwU NU|
Rbve mv`x ejb :14
... GB wmvwU wQj c_g eo iKgi fzj| NivI wbqgZvwK
Av`vjbi GKUv Pig chvqi c`c|
G-K_v Ab^xKvh h, mviv`k Ryo miKvwi KgPvix Ges cwZwbwa`i
evcKfve NivI Kivi KgmwP MnY Kivi A_B ivkwi m msNvZ wj
nIqv| KviY G aibi A`vjbK gvKvejv KiZ wMq ivkw AvNvZ
nvbZ eva|

A_vr kvRvnvb wmivR ejZ Pvb h, Av`vjbi KgmwP (K` _K

MmiU gyLx Ges MvmiU _K K`gyLx) mK bZZi evLv Avi Kgx`i
eyS GK wQj bv| UvKb NivI mRb kl ch Avi UvKb _vKwb|
wK Rvm`i AbZg bZv gvneyeyi ie mv`x Zvi mv_ wfbgZ cvlY Ki
ejb :12
cvwUi wmv wQj GB NivIqi m mviv`k DbwkwU RvqMvq mk
NUbv NUvbv Ges `yB RvqMvq wmv cvwjZI nqwQj| GiciI Avgiv
hw` ejZ PvB Pzqvi gvP gvm Avgiv ivkwi m msNl hZ PvBwb, ev
G- aibi Kvbv BQv Avgv`i wQj bv, Zvnj GK wg_vPvi Qvov Avi wKQy
ejv hve bv|

AZtci kvRvnvb wmivR 17 gvPi Av`vjbK gjvqb Ki ejb :15

17B gvP h j16 wbq Avgiv Av`vjb iPbv KiwQjvg, Zv Zvi Afx
13
14
15

9
10

11
12

17 gvP 1974 I 7 bf^i 1975-Gi gvSvgvwS mgq cvwU w_wmm DvwcZ (Ges ci
mskvwaZ) njI Ges iYbxwZ, iYKkj wbaviY Kiv njI Rvm` mwVK Av`vjb
iPbvi e_Zvi cwiPq `q
AvmgvjvPbv `wjj, 1979, cv 19
ZrKvjxb QvbZv Avdg gvneye nK webv DvwbZ cywjk I ixevwnbxK j Ki
bMvb w`q evkdvqvi i Kib| (mvvwnK wewPv, 28 bf^i 1980 cv 43; L`Kvi
gvRvj nKi c)
G NUbvq Kgc 8 Rb wbnZ nq (G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 157)
gvneyeyi ie mv`x, evsjv`ki mvgvwRK weKvk I mgvR wece : (AvtcvwU gZv`kMZ
msMvg welqK), 1978, cv 79-80

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

16

bRij Bmjvg, Rvm`i ivRbxwZ, c~ev, cv 26

gvneyeyi ie mv`x, evsjv`ki mvgvwRK weKvk I mgvR wece, c~ev, cv 78
KvhKix mvaviY mv`Ki ivRbwZK wicvU, wZxq RvZxq mjb, 1980, cv 14
17 gvP 1974 ^ivgxi evmfeb NivIqi j Kx wQj Zv Rvm` KLbB Ki
wKQy ejwb| AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979 -G ejv nq viKwjwc c`vbi wbwg UvKb
NivI (Mvg _K kni NivI bq) wK Rbve mv`xi eivZ Rvbv hvh, mviv`k wm. I.
Pqvigvb NivI I DbwkwU vb mk NUbv NUvbvi myweav_ XvKvq H UvKb NUbvwU
NUvbv nq| mvgev`-G GK 1905-Gi gv Afzvbi mv_I Zzjbv Kiv nq| 1905
mvj wQj c_g ikwecei c_g ermi| Avi wWm^ii gv Afzvb wQj m-ermii
Rvbyqvwi gvm _K i-nIqv wecex NUbvejxi mevP chvq, hLb gvi kwgKkYx
vm&bvcmbb&w GjvKvq evwiKW wbgvY Ki Rvii mbvevwnbxi mv_ myLmgi wj
nq| (bRij Bmjvg, Rvm`i ivRbxwZ, c~ev, cv 45 cv`UxKv-4) Abw`K
evsjv`ki wewfb wk GjvKvq m mgq kwgKiv wQj vZNvZx `vvq wj| myZivs G

Rvm`

177

j cuQwb| wewQb I v KgmwPMZ cwiKbvi KviY wekl Ki

kwgK GjvKvmgn mvsMVwbK `yejZvi KviY Av`vjbK GwMq bqv
hvqwb| Dci 17B gvPi NUbvi ci RbMY I Avgv`i gvS Zwi nq
hvMmnxbZv| GB KviY Avgv`i ivRbxwZ I Av`vjbMZ KgKv
RbMYi KvQ A I `yeva nq IV| eZ 17B gvPi ci Avgiv RbMY
_K wewQb nq cwo|
ZLbI wK Avgv`i cwZ bB; hgb nuvKWvK Kijvg| A_P RbMY
Rvbj Avgv`i gvivK kw AvQ| gywRe miKvii gZv bvB Avgv`i
Mvq nvZ `q| ZvB cieZxZ Avgiv hLb gjZ cKvk mk mg
wqvKjvc i Kijvg ZLbI RbMY bxie `kK| Zviv `LQb Avgiv Kx
Kwi| RbMYi wbR^ Kvbv wqv j Kiv Mj bv|17
17B gvPi ci dvivgwfwK h-mvsMVwbK KvVvgv Mo Zvjv nqwQj ZvI
weKwkZ nqwb| msMVb nq IV wbR`i ga mxgve| AvR ^xKvi KiZ
wav bB, wecex ivRbxwZi AwfZvi Afvei KviY Avgiv ZrKvjxb
Av`vjbi cevnK mwVKfve Av KiZ cvwiwb| ZvB eyRvqveev
hLvb AvgYj mLvb Avgv`i KgKvi dj Av`vjbi j nq
`uvovq ZrKvjxb miKvi, weklZ miKvi cavb (ew)|18
Ab wZwb ejb : 19
fzj gvbyl gvB Ki, wK m-B eywgvb h Kg fzj Ki Ges fzj _K
wkv MnY Ki| 17B gvP, 1974-G Avgiv h fzj KiwQ Zvi gvj Avgiv
GLbI hvMvwQ|

17 gvPi Av`vjb gjvqb Ki Rbve mv`x AviI ejb:20

AvmgvjvPbvi `wfw wbq Avgiv hw` Avgv`i AZxZi w`K ZvKvB
Zvnj `LZ cve, Avgiv me mgqB Ggb me KvR Kivi wmv wbqwQ
hme KvR Kivi AvcwK hvMZv Avgv`i wQj bv|
Avgiv KLbI ki kwi mv_ ZzjbvgjKfve wbR`i kwUzKz hvPvB Ki
`Lvi Pv Kwiwb| eis gvV-gq`vb, vMvb, wgwQj Avgiv Ggb ee
iLwQ, hvZ wbR`i kw m^ wbR`iK Ges m m RbMYKI
fuvIZv `Iqv nqQ| AvIqvgx jxM Avgj Avgv`i mg_b hfve eoQ,

17
18
19
20

ZzjbvI h_v_ bq| evsjv`ki ZrKvjxb kwgK ivRbxwZi Aev Rvbvi Rb cwiwk 10
co~b
AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979, cv 15-16
KvhKix mvaviY mv`Ki ivRbwZK wicvU, wZxq RvZxq mjb, 1980, cv 15
AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979, cv 20
gvneyeyi ie mv`x, evsjv`ki mvgvwRK weKvk I mgvR wece c~ev, cv 76-78, 80

89

178

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
gvV-gq`vb Mig eZv w`q hfve Avgiv nvZZvwj cqwQ, ZvZ Ki
eve Aevi eve weklY _K Avgiv gB `i mi MwQ| eySZ
cvwiwb GB mg_b wQj bwZevPK|...21
GB mg_b Avgv`i cwZ RbMYi Avv mw nIqvi KviY bq| Avgiv eySZ
cvwiwb GB vf wekl GK eyRvqv `ji cwZ, mgMfve eyRvqvkYx ev
eyRvqv mgvReevi cwZ bq|
hvBnvK, GB bwZevPK mg_b _K BwZevPK kw Mo Zvjv Ges Zvi
BwZevPK mg_b mw Kivi h-KvRUzKz Kivi wQj Ges ZviRb h mgqUzKz
bIqvi cqvRb wQj, Zvi Rb Acv bv Ki Avgiv H bwZevPK mg_bK
cuywR Ki ki m msNl wj nB| Dwbkkv Pzqvi mvji 17B gvPi
NUbvi ga w`q Gi Pig ewntcKvk NU|...
gvUvgywU Dwbkkv Pzqvii 17B gvP ch Avgv`i Av`vjb Ges wekl
Ki 17B gvPi NUbvK weklY Kij Avgiv `LZ cve, Avgv`i
Av`vjb cvq meB GKUv evgcx nVKvix SuvK wQj Ges GB SuvKwU
ay wekl wekl wekl wekl ewmgwi gaB bq eis cvwUi
K`mn me cvavb wevi KiB GUv weivRgvb wQj|

17 gvPi MvjvwjZ Kgx`i nZv I bZe`K MdZvii cwZev`

ciw`b niZvj AvnZ njI Zv mdj nq bv| Gi ci Rvm`K Avi Lye-GKUv
mfv-mgvek KiZI `Lv hvq bv| ek wKQyw`b ci 16 bf^i 1974 XvKvi
cb GKwU Rbmfv AbywZ nq Ges m-mfvq miKvii c`ZvMi `vwe mn
16-`dv `vwe ck Kiv nq| wK Gi GK mvni ga 23 bf^i `ji mnmvaviY mv`K kvRvnvb wmivR I mvsMVwbK mv`K bi Avjg wRKzK
MdZvi Kiv nq| GB MdZvi-wbhvZbi dj Rvm` g wbR nq co|
G cm Rbve gvneyeyi ie mv`xi cheY nj: 22
mZiB gvPi ci _K Avgv`i Av`vjb AviKUv SuvK cej nq DVj,
mwU nQ MY-Av`vjbi cwZ Abxnv Ges mk Mvcb ivRbxwZi cwZ
Avmw|
Kvbv Kvbv RvqMvq mk gywReev`x`i AvgY Avgv`iK mk cwZiva
Mo ZzjZ eva Ki|
ewki fvM GB aibi cwiwwZ weivRgvb bv-_vKjI Dchycwi K`xq
wb`k c`vbi gvag Avgiv Av`vjbK mk KvhKjvci w`K Vj
21
22

Rvm`i `yfvM h, gywRe miKviK DrLvZ Kivi Rb Zviv h Rbmg_b cqwQj ej

`vwe Ki Zv 15 AvM gvkZvKK I 7 bf^i wRqvK eQ bq, KLbB Zv`iK bq
gvneyeyi ie mv`x, evsjv`ki mvgvwRK weKvk I mgvR wece, c~ev, cv 82

Rvm`

179

90

180

`Iqvi Pv Kwi|

DjL, 17 gvPi NUbvi ci cKvwkZ mvgev`i 2q msLvq23 gvI mZzsK DZ Ki ejv nq, `k GLb hyvev weivR KiQ| GLvb msMvg A_ hy
Avi msMVb gvb mbvevwnbx| G-K_vi mv_ mwZ iL Mo DVZ _vK
MYevwnbx| MvUv GB cwqvUv Pig wMq VK 7 bf^ii NUbvewjZ|
AvmgvjvPbv `wjjI Gi ^xKwZ cvIqv hvq Ges mLvb Gi mgvjvPbv Ki
ejv nq :24
MYevwnbx Mo DVZ jvMj|... evcK RbMYi AskMnY bB ejB
MYevwnbx m`m msMn KiZ jvMj MYmsMVbjv _K Ges Gfve
msMVbmgni gZz NUZ jvMj| cvwU cwqvi gj `yejZv gjZ GLvbB
Ges GfveB| KviY hfve cvwU Mo DVwQj, ZvI nq coj MYmsMvg
_K wewQb kw|
AvRK hfveB GUvK evLv w`B bv Kb, mswk mKjiB Rvbv AvQ
MYevwnbxi Rb GKwU HwZnvwmK gynZ MYmsMvgi Afi _K nqwb|
gnvb ^vaxbZvhyi KviY evsjv`ki mvaviY gvbyli KvQ Z_v Avgv`i
mv_x msMVK`i KvQ kw wQj| gywRex ^ikvmbi wec ivRbwZK
gnj GgbwK RbMYi ek eo iKgi GKUv Ask GKUv cwZiva Mo DVzK
G cZvkv wQj| GiKg gynZ MYmsMvg Q` NwUq ev MYAv`vjb _K
wewQb nqB Mo DVwQj MYevwnbx|
... GB Q` NUvbvi eewU (17B gvPi NUbvi ci _K MYAv`vjb Q`
NwUq mk wecex Av`vjb wbqvwRZ nIqv-jLK) GKwU gwjK fzj|
m fzji wfwZ h bZzb aibi msMVbmgn Moevi Pv Kiv nj,
MYAv`vjbi AbycwwZZ Zv MYmsMVbmgnK Lq djj| wbRI
mvaviY A_ weKwkZ nZ cvij bv|

... hnZz RbMYi vf eyRvqvkYxi wei, ev eyRvqv mgvRi wei

bq eis GKwU wekl eyRvqv miKvii wei, mBnZz mB wekl
miKviwUi cwieZbB RbMY ^wi wbkvm djj Ges Aviv wKQyw`b ah
ai cheY Kivi Rb cZ nq Mj| Avgiv Avgv`i bwZevPK mg_b
wecyj cwigvY nvivjvg|

Rbve kvRvnvb wmivRi wicvUi fvlvI cvq Abyic:26

ZvB cieZxKvj 15 AvM Kz`Zvi gvag gykZvK gZv `Lj Kij

RbZv ZvKB mg_b hyywMq hvq| gywRei cZbi m mB RbMYi
cqvRb AvcvZZ dzwiq hvq!

wK Kbj Zvni Gi wecixZ gbvfve cvlY Kib| 15 AvM mKvj

wZxq wd AvwUjvwii GK Awdmvi gRi iwk`i c dvb gywRei
nZvKvi Lei w`q ZvK evsjv`k eZvi feb hZ ejb| 15 AvMi
Kz mK Zvi fvl27 nj :
Avwg ZLb iwWI Pvwjq w`q RvbZ cjvg, kL gywReK nZv Kiv nqQ
Ges L`Kvi gvkZvK gZv `Lj KiQ| GB Lei b Avwg h_ AvNvZ
cvB| Avgvi gb njv GZ ivRbwZK wwZkxjZv b ne| GgbwK RvZxq
^vaxbZv I mvefgZ gwKi myLxb nZ cvi|...
17B AvM GUv cwivi nq Mj h, hyiv I cvwKvb GB NUbvi
bc_-bvqK|28 Avwg AviI eySZ cvijvg h, Gi cQb Lv`Kvi
gvkZvKmn AvIqvgx jxMi Dcii Zjvi GKUv AskI mivmwi RwoZ| GB
P AbK AvMB h Zv`i Kgcv wVK Ki wbqwQj mUvI Avi Mvcb
iBj bv| mw`b _KB Avwg efeb hvIqv e Kwi I GB Pi mv_ me
hvMvhvM wQb Kwi|29

cieZxKvj gRi Rwjj gywRei gZz mK ejb :

kL mvnei gZzUv nQ GKUv UvRwW| BUm G UvRwW di ` bkb| kL
mvnei BgR GB RvwZ eenvi KiZ cviZ| wK mePq eo UvRwW nj

AvM Kzgjvqb

1975 mvji 15 AvM kL gywReyi ingvbi miKviK mvgwiK Kz-Gi

gvag DrLvZ Kiv nq| G-cm Rbve mv`x ejb:25
... evKkvj weivax RbMYi bwZevPK mg_bK cuywR Ki lohi gvag
kL gywRei cZb NwUq gZvq Avmjv gvwKb mvgvRev`i mg_b cy
gvvK-P|
23
24
25

bRij Bmjvg, Rvm`i ivRbxwZ, c~ev, cv 12

AvmgvjvPbv `wjj, 1979, cv 20-24
gvneyeyi ie mv`x, c~ev, evsjv`ki mvgvwRK weKvk I mgvR wece, cv 83-84

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

26
27
28

29

wZxq mjbi ivRbwZK wicvU, 1980 cv 15

ji wjdjrm, Amgv wece Zvnii kl K_v (Abyev` : gybxi nvmb), KYj Zvni
msm`, XvKv, 1988, cv 133-35
h-mgq nZvKv msNwUZ nwQj wVK m-mgq (15 AvM fvi) AvgwiKvb `Zvevmi
KqKwU Mvox knii PZzw`K QvUvQywU KiwQj| Avi cvwKvb nZvKvi GK Nvi
gaB gvkZvK miKviK ^xKwZ `q
Ze NvZK`i mv_ Zvni`i mKwU eySv hvq iwk` KZK ZvniK 15 AvM gx
nIqvi cve I m^ii kli w`K j. KYj wRqvDwbK wbq gvkZvKi Rb
GKwU ivRbwZK `j MVbi cve Kivi ga w`q

Rvm`

181

91

182

mv_, GK myi wqz I Amvay gywRe miKvii Ici geagvb

RbAmvl AZ ^v_Kfve Zzj aiwQj| Avhi evcvi GB h,
hw`I evgcx `jjvB cKvk Av`vjb Avi Mvcb ZrciZvi fZi
w`q MYwe`vni GK bZzb cUfwg cZ KiwQj, wK mgq Avmj
Wvbcxiv aZZvi Pig (civKvv) `wLq myhvM wQwbq wbj| evsjv`kmn
mviv cw_ex cbi AvMi mKvj RM DV Rvbjv gv QqRb Avwg gRi
Avi Zv`i Aaxb mb`i A cwievii cvq 40 Rb m`mmn kL
gwReyi ingvb wbnZ nqQb|35 wewbgq `kK `evi gZv Zgb Kvb
Dcnvi wQj bv Qq gRii nvZ| Kej gywRei `j AvIqvgx jxMi AwZ
Wvbcx ivRbxwZK Lv`Kvi gvkZvK Avng` Avi cvwKvb Avgji
cyibv mB bxwZivi wfw Avjvni Ici wekvm, AvgwiKv nj hvi mvgwiK
I A_bwZK fimv| Avqye Lvbi gZvB GivI mvwfqZ mgw_Z fviZxq
AvMvmbev`i cwZ wcwKs(Iqvjv)`i Mv`vn gbvfveKB `vevi NuywU wnme
eenvi Kij|

Avgiv Zv eenvi KiZ cvwiwb| kL mvnei gZzi Rb wZwb hZUv `vqx, Avgvi
gb nq RvwZ wnme AvgivI Kg `vqx bB| RvZxqZvev`x PZbvUvi hfve gZz
NUj, Zv Avwg mnR gb wbZ cvwi bv| GLbI gb wbZ cviwQ bv| BwZnvm
kL mvneK gnvbvqK wnme, Avgvi gb nq mek evOvwj wnme wPwZ
Kie|30

wmcvnx Kz
gvwKb mvsevw`K ji wjdjrmi fvlgZ, gywRei DrLvZi KqK gvm
AvM _KB Rvm` GK mvweK MYAfzvbi cwZ wbwQj|31 ^vaxbZv hyi
cvb Mwijv mwbK mgevq MwVZ wecex MYevwnbx I KvhiZ mwbK`i
Mvcb msMVb wecex mwbK msv Rvm`i GB `yB mk kvLv wbq Mvcb
mvgwiK AwabvqK Zvnii bZZ GB cwZ PjwQj| 1976 mvji gvPGwcji ga cwZ mb Kivi K_v wQj| Zuviv fewQjb, GB mgqi ga
ay h Zv`i mvgwiK msMVbjvB Dchy nq DVe Zv bq, mB mv_ kni
I Mvg Zv`i MYmg_bK Zuviv Avevi msMwVZ Ki ZzjZ cvieb|32
wK NUbvi MwZ-cKwZ Zv`i Zvovov Ki KvR KiZ eva KiQ|
3 bf^i 1975 fvi 4Uvq Afzvb NUvbvi cwZZ Lvj` gvkviidi
bZZ mwbKiv mbvevwnbx cavb g. R. wRqvDi ingvbi evmfebmn
iZcY vb Aevb wbqQ| wRqv Nyg _K RM Aev eyS bvivqYM
Kbj ZvniK dvb Ki Zvi wecb Rxeb ivi Abyiva Kib| wK K_v
kl Kivi AvMB jvBb KU hvq| ciw`b 4 bf^i weKvj wRqv Zvi GK
AvxqK Zvnii evmvq cvwVq cybt Abyiva Kib, wZwb (Zvni) hb
mbvevwnbxi m`m`i ga Zvi cfve KvR jvwMq wRqvK gy Kib Ges
`ki mvefgZ iv Kib| Kbj Zvni mbvevwnbxZ kLjv wdwiq
Avbv I me aibi AcKgi Aemvb NUvbvi cwZkwZ33 `b|
cuPvii ga-AvMi Afzvbi cUfwg I djvdj mK j.wjdjrm
ejQb:34

m mgqi cwiwwZ mK Kbj ZvniI cvq Abyic gbvfve cvlY

KiZb| Zvi fvlvq:36
... gvkZvK miKvi RbMYK gywRe miKvii PvBZ Kvb fvj weK Dcnvi
w`Z cvi wb| cwieZb nqwQj ay GB,ik-fviZi cfve ejq _K gy
nq `k gvwKb mvgvRev`i ccyU SuyK cowQj| GQvov `ki mvweK
cwiwwZ wQj AvMi gZB| mvaviY gvbyli Avv wdwiq AvbZ Kvb
KvhKix eev bqv nqwb| Abw`K ivRbwZK wbcxob AvMi _KI eo
wMqwQj| AvBb cqvMKvix msvi AZvPvii cew hb w`b w`b eoB
PjwQj| RbMYi `yfvM I nqivwb AvMi gZvB PjZ _vK, ivRbwZK
Kgx`i MdZvi AevnZ _vK| mwZKvi A_ `k ZLb GKUv emvgwiK
GKbvqKZ _K mvgwiK-AvgjvZvwK GKbvqKZi Kej co
wMqwQj|
gvbyl Awi nq DV| Zviv GB Aev gb wbZ cZ wQj bv| ikfviZi Pi Avi RbZvi KvQ AMnYhvM AmvgvwRK kwjv cwiwwZi
myhvM bqvi Rb Iur cZ wQj| gvkZvK miKvii e_Zvi myhvM

1974 mvjUv wQj evsjv`ki Rb wecex evg-Gi eQi| Rvm` Avi menviv
cvwU _K i Ki gvIjvbv fvmvbx Avi Zvqvnvi mvgev`x `jmevB GK
35
30
31

32
33
34

mvvwnK wewPv 18 Gwcj 1980, (mvvrKvi), cv 36

ji wjdjrm, Amgv wece Zvnii kl K_v, cv 14| DjL, mvgwiK UvBeybvj AbywZ
wePvi Zvnii wei AvbxZ AwfhvMmgni AbZg wQj 1974 mvji RyjvB _K AvBbwm ea
miKviK DrLvZi loh Kiv| (ji wjdjrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv 145)
ji wjdjrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv Ewbk (evsjv msiYi fwgKv)
ji wjdkjyrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv 13 I 137
ji wjdjrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv 73

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

36

j. wjdjrm AfzvbKvix Qq gRii K_v DjL KijI Zv`i bvg DjL Kib wb
Avwb gvmKvibnvm Zvi evsjv`k G jMwm Ae ev -G mvZ gRii bvg DjL
Kib| Giv njv : 1. dviK ingvb, 2. L`Kvi Avyi iwk`, 3. kwidzj nK (Wvwjg), 4.
eRjyj `v, 5. Avyj AvwRR cvkv, 6. kvnwiqvi iwk` Lvb I 7. bi Payix| nZv
gvgjvq Giv QvovI Avmvgx wnme Afy wQj 1. gwnDwb Avng` (AvwUjvwi), 2.
ivk` Payix, 3. gwnDwb Avng` (jvvi), 4. Avng` kwidzj nvmb cgyLmn
Abvb KqKRb| GKB mv_ wbnZ jvKi msLvI 40 bq, 20 Rb
j. wjdjrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv 135-36

Rvm`

183

92

184

Avgv`i RvZxq ^v_K wecb Kivi Rb GKUv loh Mo DV| GB

Pvi bvqK wQjb DPvwfjvlx weMwWqvi Lvj` gvkviid| cwZwecex
lohgjK Afzvbi gvag cuPvii Zmiv bf^i Lvj` gvkviid
gZvq Avmb|

Lvj` gvkviidi Afzvbi w`bB wecex mwbK msvi m`m ek wKQy

wmcvnx, GbwmI (bb-KwgkbW Awdmvi) Ges RwmI (Rywbqi KwgkbW Awdmvi)
Zvnii bvivqYMi evmvq nvwRi nq| AviKwU we`vni Rb i nq
mvgwiK-cwqvKiY| Zvnii wb`kbvq 4 _K 6 bf^i cwZ ivZ Rywbqi
Awdmvi Avi mcvB`i ga Mvcb mfv AbywZ nq| 5 bf^i wecex mwbK
msvi bZZ `ki wewfb mbvwbevm I kni GjvKvq nvRvi nvRvi cPvic
Qwoq `qv nq| Afzvbi WvK wnme eviv `dv `vwe ck Kiv nq|
6 bf^i mvq XvKvi me mbv BDwbUi cwZwbwai DcwwZZ I Zvnii
mfvcwZZ AbywZ GK mfvq Afzvb cwiKbvK `yfvM fvM Ki KvhKi
Kivi wmv bqv nq Ges Abvb mbvwbevmI mZKZvi mv_ Rvwbq `qv
nq h, 7 bf^i fvi GKUvq wmcvnx Afzyvb i ne| mfvi wmvmgn
wQj :37
1. Lvj` gvkviid PK gZv _K DrLvZ Kiv,
2. ew``kv _K wRqvDi ingvbK gy Kiv,
3. GKUv wecex mvgwiK Kgv KvDwj MVb Kiv,
4. `jgZ wbwekl me ivRbwZK ew`i gyw`vb,
5. ivRbwZK Kgx`i Dci _K MdZvwi civqvbv cZvnvi,
6. evKkvjK ev` w`q GKUv me`jxq MYZvwK RvZxq miKvi MVb I
7. wecex mwbK msvi eviv `dv `vwe gb bqv I Zvi evevqb Kiv|
Rvm`i c _K GB Afzvb msNUbi c cwicwZ I hyw `wLq
ejv nq :38
Lvj` gvkviid Avi Zvi mnhvMxiv gZvq Avmvi ci _KB `k B`vmvwfqZ cfve ejqi wevi NUvevi KvR evcZ nq| AvIqvgx jxM Avi
Zvi jRyo gwY-gvRvddi P cKvk ei nq Gm kL gywReK
cybtcwZwZ KiZ AvwbqvM Ki| GiB ga `ki mbvevwnbx wekl
Ki Rvqvbiv Zv`i Awdmvi`i ga gZvi jvjmv Avi wbR`i
DPvKvv PwiZv_ KiZ mvaviY wmcvnx`iK cyZzji gZv eenvi KiZ
`L fZi fZi ivlvwqZ nq DVwQj| cuvPB bf^i cKvwkZ I XvKv

mbvwbevm cPvwiZ wecex mwbK msvi cPvic nq DVwQj Zv`i

gbvfve| ciw`b ivwZ wecex MYevwnbx Avi wecex mwbK msvi m`miv
h_ mfvq Povfve wmv wbjb evivK _K ei nq Gm Lvj`
gvkviid Pi cZb NUvZ|... h me KviY GB msNvZ RovbvUv Riwi
nq co Zv nQ
c_gZ : Gi gvag eyRvqv iv eevi mePq mwq, msMwVZ I
^QvPvix mvgwiK Pi HK dvUj aivbv,
wZxqZ : eyRvqv kwi mvsMVwbK gZv GKevi cy Ki `qv,
ZZxqZ : RvZxq eyRvqv`i cavb ccvlK me iKgi mvgvRev`x,
mskvabev`x, AvwacZev`x kwK `yej Ki `qv,
PZz_Z : bZzb AvBbi gvag MYZvwK cwZi hZ`i me cybtcPjb
Ki eyRvqv MYZi Kei iPbv Kiv I
cgZ : eyRvqv iv eevi mgvivj menviv kwjvi iv I
ivRbxwZi kwwfZ Mo Zvjv|

me wKQyyB cwiKbvgvwdK nq| eZvi, wUwf, Uwjdvb, UwjMvd,

cvAwdm, wegvbe`i I Abvb me iZcY K`jv c_g AvNvZB `Lj
Kiv nq| fviiv wRqvK gy Ki wZxq wd AvwUjvwii m`i`i wbq
hvIqv nq| eo fvB dvBU mvRU Avey BDmyd Lvb I UvK fwZ mbv
mgwfevenvi Kbj Zvni fvi wZbUvi w`K mLvb DcwZ nj GK
AveMcY `ki AeZviYv nq| bkcvkvK cwiwnZ wRqv Zvni I Zvi fvBK
Mfxifve Avwjbve Kib, Rxeb euvPvbvi Rb cvwb fwZ PvL KZZv
Rvbvb| wmcvnxiv wRqvi Mjvq dzji gvjv cwiq w`j wRqv Zv Lyj wbq GB
jvKB gvjv cvIqvi hvM ej Zvnii Mjvq cwiq w`q Rvm` ev Zvni hv
ejeb wZwb Zv-B Kieb ej AxKvi Kib|
fvi PviUvq Zvni I wRqv GKmv_ eZvi febi Dk iIqvbv nb|
c_ `yRb h me ZvrwYK KgcwZ wbq AvjvPbv Kib Zvi GKwU njv
mKvj 10Uvq knx` wgbvi mbv-Rbmgvek Dfqi fvlY`vb|39 ci wRqv
wZwb GKRb mwbK, Zvi MYRgvqZ eZv `qv mvR bv ej knx` wgbvi
hZ A^xKwZ Rvbvj H KgmwP evwZj Kiv nq|
^vaxbZv hy wRqv I Zvni DfqB 11 bs mi hyiZ wQjb| m mgq
wewfb KkjMZ ckI DfqB GK gZ cvlY KiZb| dj Dfqi ga
39

37
38

j.wjdjrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv 13,14, 74, 136 I 138

ivRbwZK I mvsMVwbK wicvU : 7B bf^i I cieZx NUbvejx, mvgev`, 4_ msLv, 23
deqvwi 1976, cv 13-14| DZ : j. wjdjrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv 74-75

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Avwb gvmKvibnvmi gZ, DcwZ Abvb AwdmviMY wbivcvi KviY wRqvK

Zvnii mv_ iwWI Awdm hZ `b wb| ZLb GKwU iKwWs BDwbU wbq Gm Zvi
fvlY iKW Ki cPvi Kiv nq| weKvj wRqv iwWI Awdm hvb Ges 12 `dvq ^vi
KiZ eva nb

Rvm`

185

GKwU cxwZcY mK Mo DV hv hyi ciI wKQy Uvbvcvob mI wUK

wQj| h Rb Lvj` gvkviidi Afzvb ew` wRqv gywi Rb Zvnii mv_
hvMvhvM Kib| bf^ii Afzvb cvv AfzvbKvj meZ DfqB GK
AciK mvgwqK mgqi Rb njI eenvi KiZ cvieb ej fewQjb|
wRqvi mv_ wbqwgZ hvMvhvM ivi `vwqZcv RbK Rvm` bZvi gZ :
Avgiv Zvi (wRqvi) mv_ Nwb hvMvhvM ivLZvg|... Avgiv ai wbqwQjvg
Dchy mgq Avmj wRqv nqZvev cMwZkxj fwgKv cvjb Kieb|... ci
cgvwYZ nq GUv wQj GKUv gv eo fzj| 40

Afzvbi c_g ce mdj41 njv| Lvj` gvkviid I Zvi mnhvMx

Awdmvi`i DrLvZ I nZv Kiv njv| ejv 11Uvi w`K mbv m`i `i
Zvni, wRqv, ZvIqve, Gg. GBP. Lvb, Lwjjyi ingvb, Imgvbx I gvneye Avjg
Pvlxi DcwZ AbywZ GK mfvq wmv nq h, miKvii avivevwnKZv
ivi Rb wePvicwZ mvqg ivcwZ I cavb mvgwiK AvBb ckvmK neb Ges
wZwb wRqv, ZvIqve I Gg.GBP. LvbK Dc-cavb mvgwiK ckvmK Ki GKwU
Dc`v KvDwj MVb Kieb| mB m_ mKj ivRew``i gyw `qv ne|42
weKvj wRqv wmcvnx`i 12 `dv gb wbq mwZmPK ^vi Kib|
eZvi I Uwjwfkbi gvag ivcwZ mvqg RvwZi Dk c` fvlY Zvi
miKvii KiYxq mK RbMYK AewnZ Kib| ciw`b gRi Rwjj I
Av.m.g. ie cgyLK ew`Z _K gyw `qv nq|
Afzvbi gj jovB XvKvq msNwUZ njI 7 I 8 bf^i `ki Abvb
mbvwbevm wekl Ki PMvg, iscyi, Kzwgjv, hkvi Zv Qwoq co| Db
wmcB`i nvZ AmsL Awdmvi cvY nvivq|43 AbK Awdmvi jywKq mbvwbevm
40
41

42

43

j. wjdjrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv mZi (evsjv msiYi fwgKv)| cmZ, ci

G gjvqb fzj cgvwYZ nq
cwiKbvi Ask wnme 7 bf^i mKvj mwbK msvi m`miv UvK Po mbvwbevm Qo
duvKv wj KiZ KiZ I wmcvnx-RbZv fvB fvB, Lybx Awdmvi`i i PvB vMvb w`Z
w`Z XvKv kni cwkY Ki| knii Rvm` Kgx-mg_K I fvmgvb jvKRb Zv`i
Avnvb mvov w`q-UvK wgwQj hvM`vb Ki Avb` cKvk Ki| GB wgwQjB bvivq
ZvKwei Avjv AvKevi vMvbI wdi Avm
G mfvq 15 AvMi Afzvbi bc_ Kj-KvwV bvwoqQb I myweav cqQb Ggb
jvK`i mv_ wecex`i mwjb NUQ| ZvIqve I Gg. GBP. Lvb gv wZb w`b AvM
mnvme`b Lvj` gvkviidK gRi Rbviji evP cwoq w`Z `Lv MQ| wePvicwZ
mvqgK 5 bf^i Lvj` gvkviidB ivcwZ wbqvM KiwQjb| cKZB miKvii
avivevwnKZv ivi cwZ wb nj ivcwZi AeZgvb DcivcwZ, DcivcwZi AeZgvb
xKviK ivcwZi `vwqZ `qv nZv| mevcwi msweavb Kvb AevZB mvgwqK kvmb
Rvwi ev Rvi Ki gZv `Lj Kivi KZZ KvDK `qv nqwb
Avwb gvmKvibnvmi gZ, Awdmvi nZv cKZc i nq cii w`b A_vr 8B
bf^i| ... GZ Ki mbvevwnbxZ cqvRbi Zzjbvq Awdmvii msLv kZKiv 30 fvM
bg Avm| (evsjv`k : ii FY, cv-124)

93

186

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

ZvM Ki cvY euvPvq| GgZvevq 9 bf^i evqZzj gvKviig Rvm`i

cevbygwZcv mgvek cywjk Gm f `q| GLvb _KB i nq wRqv-Rvm`
|
ejv AmZ ne bv h, mwbK msvi 12 `dv `vwei evevqbK K`
KiB G i ewntcKvk| KjKvZvi mvvwnK dwUqvi G cm ge Ki
h:44
evsjv`ki mk evwnbxi mwbKiv Zv`i Awdmvi`i wei GK
MYAfzvbi AvqvRb Ki, Gi gvag Pi Lvj` gvkviidi AcmviYB
Zv`i GKgv `vwe wQj bv| mB mv_ Zviv eviv `dv `vwei ZvrwYK
evevqbi `vwe Rvbvq| GB `vwe aygv cwZw`b cUfi WvjfvZ cvevi
wbqZvi `vwe bv, GUv nQ GKUv msMwVZ mbvevwnbxZ mycwiKwZ
evgcx avivi ewntcKvk, `wY Gwkqvi Rb G GK AfZce evcvi| GUv
nQ GKUv wbqwgZ evwnbxK GKvi Mwijv evwnbxZ cwiYZ Kivi dj,
MZ Pvi eQi hv wZj wZj AzwiZ nq cwicYZv jvf KiQ|

D 12 `dv `vwei fwgKvq ejv nq :45

aygv bZZ cwieZbi Rb Avgv`i GB wece bq... wbR`i ^v_ iv

KiZ Giv (awbK kYxi ^v_ ivKvix mbvevwnbxjLK) Avgv`i cyZzji
gZ eenvi Ki hvQcbi AvMi NUbv Zvi DrK cgvY| ...AvR _K
G`ki mbvevwnbx wbhvwZZ kYxi ^v_ iv_ wbR`i Mo Zzje|

wK eve NUbv mic NUwb| Afzvb mdj njI Gi bZZi

Kvbic cwieZb Zv nqBwb, eis AfzvbKvixiv wRqv KZK cyZzji gZB
eeZ nqQ Ges mbvevwnbx wbhvwZZ kYxi ^v_ iv Zv `ii K_v ew`b
hver Zv`iK kvmb-wbhvZb KiQ, GgbwK AvRI civfve Zv AevnZ
AvQ| Avwb gvmKvibnvmi gZ :
Kbj Zvni Avi Rvm` evsjv`ki gvbylK Zv`i ^vfvweK BQvi evBi
Vj wbq hZ PqwQj| m KviYB Zviv e_ nqwQj| Avw_K mywea Avi
nq fvevcb evUgvb c_v DwVq bqvi dj Rvqvb`i gb wecei c
46
mg_b `Z jvc cq hvq| KvUbgU cwicYfve kv nq co|

wmcvnx wecei gjvqb cm kvdvqvZ Rvwgj ejb :

...Avmj GZ Ask bqv mwbK`i ewkifvMB wQj cvwKvb cZvMZ|
gywhy AskMnYKvix ej iwRgUi Kvb GKwU evUvwjqbI Gi ga
44
45
46

Bangladesh : State and Revolution, Frontier, Calcutta, India, 13 December 1975.

DZ : j. wjdkyjrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv 17

The Twelve Demands', Far Eastern Economic Review, 5 December 1975.

DZ : j. wjdjrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv 15

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 126

Rvm`

187

94

188

fviZxq AvwacZi mg_K wnme wPwZ nq hvIqvq48 mei RbMYi

ga bZzb miKvii wei wevf `Lv w`j Ges bwZevPK mg_b cvKgvwKb mg_bcy gvvK miKvii mc hZ _vKj| wVK Ggwb GKUv
Aevq cuvPB bf^i wecex mwbK msvi bvg XvKv KvUbgU GKwU
wjdjU wewj Kiv nj| GB wjdjUi gvagB Avgiv c_g GB NUbvq
nc Kijvg| H wjdjUi gvag Lvj` gvkviid Pi gZv
`LjK fviZxq loh wnmve wPwZ Kiv nq Ges `kK wbq
Awdmvi`i GB wQwbwgwb Ljvi wei wmcvB`i HKe Afzvbi
Avnvb Rvbvbv nq|
H wjdjU mvaviY wmcvnx`i ga AZ mvov RvMvq Ges QqB bf^i
w`evMZ iv mwbK msvi D`vMB Afzvb i nq| mvZB bf^i wecex
mwbK msvi c _K wmcvnx`i eviv `dv `vwei wfwZ AviKwU
wjdjU `Iqv nq|
ejvevj, mbvevwnbxi Awdmvi`i mKjB wekvmNvZK wQj bv| Zv`i
ga AmsLK njI `kcwgK Awdmvi wbqB wQj| Avgiv Avgv`i
Kvbv Avgj Awdmvi`i KvQ Kvbv Ave`b Zzj aivi Pv Kwiwb|
Dci Avgiv 7B bf^ii wjdjUi gvag wmcvnx`i A_bwZK `vwe`vIqvi Av`vjb Zzj awi| A_vr Avgiv Avgv`i KvhKjvc wmcvnxAwdmvi K ZxeZi Kivi Pv Kwi| 7B bf^i AZ ^msLK
wmcvnx Qvov cvq mKj wmcvnxB gRi Rbvij wRqvDi ingvbi Avnvb
Awdmvi`i wbqY gb bq| Lvj` gvkviidi gZv-`LjK ^vaxbZv
I mvefgZ weivax ik-fviZ Pv wnme wPwZ Ki RvZxq
mgvRZvwK `j Gi wei `kB bf^i niZvji wmv MnY KiwQj|
wK mvZB bf^i Afzvb msNwUZ nIqvq GB wmv KvhKvwiZv
nvivq|
mvZB bf^ii Afzvb gRi Rbvij wRqvDi ingvb gy nq wePvicwZ
mvqgK bvggv cwmWU iL eZgvb miKvi gZv `Lj Ki| miKvi
Rvm` mfvcwZ I mvaviY mv`K (h_vg) gRi Gg. G. Rwjj I
Av.m.g. ieKI gyw `vb Ki| wK gB miKvii m Avgv`i
bZZi weiva eo IV| cieZxKvj 23k bf^i Avevi Rwjj, ie I
nvmvbyj nK Bby Ges Zvi ciw`b Kbj Zvni Mvi nb| miKvii GB
aibi AvPiYi KviY wnme miKvwi ee nQ Rvm`, MYevwnbx Ges
wecex mwbK msv cybevi Afzvbi gvag miKvi-DrLvZi loh
wj nqwQj| Avgiv AvR ch G-evcvi Kvbv my ee Zzj
awiwb| mvZB bf^i I Zvi cieZx mgq Avmj Kx Kx NUwQj Zvi AbK

wQj bv| ...

...7 bf^ii NUbvewj (3 bf^ii NUbvi) Kvb cvv Afzvb wQj bv|
gvkZvK-iwk`-dviK P GB cvv Afzvb NUvq wb Ges mRb Zviv
gZvqI wdi AvmZ cvi wb|
wRqvi fvegwZ KvR jvwMq Rvm` I Kbj ZvniB gZv `Lji AcPv
Pvjvq 7 bf^i| mB w`bi Afzvb-cPvq Zv`i Kvb wecex ivRbxwZ
m wQj bv| mwbK msvi 12 `dvq evsjvi RbMYi Avkv-AvKvv
cwZdwjZ Ki Ggb GKwU `dvI vb cvqwb| mejvB wQj mbv
QvDwbKw`K| mbv QvDwbZ mv RbwcqZv ARbi j iwPZ 12 `dvq
wQj ay NYv, wnsmv Avi wel|
...gv 12 Nvi eeavb wRqv Ges Zvi AbyMZiv Rvm` I Zvnii H
AcPv e_ Ki `b| Rvm` Zv`i j ARb kvPbxqfve e_ nq|
wK Rvm` I Zvnii nVKvwiZvq GiB ga wbnZ nb Avgv`i gnvb
gywhyi k mbvbx`i KqKRb|
gjZ PBb Ae Kgv I wRqvi ewMZ fvegwZ ZvK mw`b mdj nZ
mvnvh Ki, Zvni I Zvi ivRbwZK mnhvMxiv e_ nb|
wRqv gZv wbq Avgv`iB wbhy cwmWUK envj ivLb| wegvb I b
evwnbx cavbqI (hviv Lvj`i m mvgwiK AvBb ckvmb gZvi fvMevUvqvivi evcvi `iKlvKwl KiwQjb) ^c` envj iBjb| gvkZvK
AcmvwiZ Ges gZvPzZ njb| Z_vKw_Z mhmvbiv `k _K ewnZ
njv| `kcU Kejgv Lvj` gvkviid iBjb bv| evsjv`ki Kvb
knie`i wecei Kvb AvjvgZB cwijwZ njv bv| Zvnj wece Kv_vq
Ges wKfve NUjv?
Avgvi aviYv, 7 bf^ii nZvKv Z` I wePvii nvZ _K wPiw`bi
Rb `vqgy ivLvi eev wnme AZ myPZzifveB GB w`bwUK RvZxq
msnwZ I wece w`emic NvlYv Kiv nqQ| GwU wbtm`n wRqvi GKwU
gvbeZv-weivax c`c| Gi Aemvb nIqv cqvRb| mB m mvgwiK I
emvgvwiK mKj nZvKvi myz Z` I wePvii weavb Kiv cqvRb|47

hv nvK, 3 bf^i 1975 AvMi Kz-Gi cvv GKwU Kz msNwUZ nq

Ges 7 bf^i msNwUZ nq Zvi cvv wmcvnx we`vn| Gjv mK Rbve
mv`x ejb :
Gici Avmjv 3iv bf^i| hw`b cvK-gvwKb mg_bcy gvvK miKviK
DrLvZ Ki weMwWqvi Lvj` gvkviidi bZZ ik-fviZ mg_bcy
eyRvqviv gZv `Lj Kij| weMwWqvi Lvj` gvkviid bvbv KviY

48
47

Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.), GKvii gywhy, iv ga AvM I lohgq

bf^i, c~ev, cv 149-51

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

ga-AvM 1975-Gi Kz-Gi mg_Kiv Lvj` gvkviidK ik-fviZ I AvIqvgx jxMi

mg_K wnme cPvi Ki GKwU wekl cwiwwZ mw KijI ci cgvwYZ nq h, wZwb Zv
wQjb bv

Rvm`

189

95

190

wKQyB GLbI ch bZv`i AbKi KvQI AvZ| Aekl Qvwek

bf^i fviZxq nvB Kwgkbi NUbv49 NUj| hvK Avgiv `jxq wmvi
evBi GKwU Awecex NUbv wnme wPwZ Ki NUbvi bvqK`i wecex mw`Qv
Ges ZvMi cwZ kv RvwbqwQ|
Gici Avgv`i Dci bg Avm wbhvZb| L wgwQj, wjdjU, cvvi
BZvw`i gvag Av`vjb Mo-Zvjvi Pv Ki Avgiv evievi e_Zv eiY
Kwi| Aciw`K miKvii m mgSvZv mw Kivi bvbviKg Pv Pvwjq
e_ nB| mvZB bf^i Ges Zvi cieZx mgq msNwUZ NUbvewji mwVK
gjvqb Zzj aiZ nj cqvRb msMnxZ mwVK Z_vewj| wK AvR
ch mgw^Z cPvq GB mgqKvi NUbvewji Kvbv Z_ej weeiY
msMVbi c _K Avgiv Zzj aiZ cvwiwb| GB mgq Rvm`, MYevwnbx
Ges wecex mwbK msvi KvhKjvc gjZ cwiPvwjZ nqwQj ZrKvjxb mgq
AewZ cvwUi K`xq mvsMVwbK KwgwUi (C.O.C.) bZZ| ZrKvjxb C.O.C.bZviv G-evcvi my ee Zzj aiZ AwbQyK ev AcviM|50...

ZLb Avgiv hb GK bewK PZbvq AvQb nq Mjvg| 10 ZvwiL

niZvji evcvi Avi wKQyB AvjvPbv nj bv| ZvovZvwo wbivc` Avkq
(mvi) hZ ne bBj Avevi aiv co hZ cvwi (?) ZvB we`vq wbjvg|
wek`fve wKQyB AvjvPbv nj bv, `yRbi Dci `vwqZ w`q Pj Mjvg|
GKUv wjdjU ei nj bv Kb, wKsev `wi Ki ei nj Kb, wbavwiZ
wgwQj Kb ei nj bv, cvvwis ev `qvj wPKv Kb jLv nqwb G-aibi
Lei wbZ Avgiv (bZviv) wcZvq Ak, A_P mB AvgivB Qq ZvwiL ivZ
Zvdv Nyg w`jvg| Afzvbi gynZ GB mxgvnxb MvwdjwZK wece KLbI
gv KiZ cvi bv, Avgv`iI Kiwb| AveviI `Lyb 5 ZvwiL iv
mbvwbevmjvZ Gm. Gm.53 Gi bvg wjdjU weZiY Kiv nqQ, Zv`i
cKvk Avnvb Rvbvbv nqQ we`vn KiZ| fe `Lyb, Rvqvb`i nvZ
Lvjv A, mg `k va UMeM KiQ, G wjdjUi djvdj Kx nZ
cvi? A_P 6 ZvwiL ivZB cvwU-bZZ G-aibi Afzvbi Lei c_g
cjb| nv nZvw, vb-wevbi Kv_vq G AZvi vb nZ cvi?
7B bf^ii Dci Avgiv GZ ciiweivax ee iLwQ h, Gi ga _K
mZUv h Avmj Kx Zv evi KivB gykwKj| Avgiv cvkvcvwk eejv
mvwRq wbwQ, hgb Avgiv jovBq ejwQ, m-gynZ RvZxq ^vaxbZv Ges
mvefgZi ck cavb nq `Lv w`qwQj, Avevi mvg-7-G ejwQ,
wmcvnx-Awdmvii K wfw Ki Avgiv ZLb menvivi kwwfZ msMwVZ
KiZ wMqwQjvg... mvsMVwbK kw `yej _vKvi KviY mvgwiK dvwmev`
gZv `Lj Ki| Avevi Kb GB MYZvwK RvZxq miKvi? cywKvq
ejwQ, AvgivB wRqvDi ingvbK gy Kwi, wK GZ ZvovZvwo h m
RbMYi mv_ wekvmNvZKZv Kie...| Gjv Ggb ciiweivax hv
evLvi Acv ivL bv| Avevi GiKgI ejv nqQ, Aev Ggb wQj h,
Avgiv wKQy bv KijI NUbv NUZB| cieZxZ Avgv`i bZZ 7B bf^i
msNwUZ nqQ GUvI ejv nqQ -G _K GKwU mwVK gyjvqb ei Kiv
`yin|

wmcvnx we`vn mK Rbve kvRvnvb wmivR ejb :51

eZ 7B bf^i Avgiv Kx KiZ PqwQjvg Zv RbMY RvbZ bv| KviY
Avgv`i w`K _K G mK Kvbv aviYv RbMYK `qv nqwb| RbMYi
mvgb Kvbv ee ev w`Kwb`kbv wQj bv|
... 1917 mvji 7B bf^i Avi 1975 mvji 7B bf^ii ga gwjK
cv_K wbqB... | Afzvb mK Kvbv aviYv Zv`i wQj bv, Avgiv
ce G-mK Zv`i Kvbv aviYvI w`Bwb| iZmnKvi Zv`i
MYZvwK Av`vjbi mI Avgiv kvwiixKfve mwKZ wQjvg bv|
KvRB wecex ivRbxwZi m hy Ki Afzvb mK aviYv `Iqvi `yin
KvRwU Avgiv Kwiwb| (mZ ejZ Kx Afyvb mK Avgv`iI Zgb
aviYv wQj bv|)

G mK AvmgvjvPbv `wjj ejv nq :52

Avgiv fzj KiwQ Ges Zv _K gjZ Kvbv wkv MnY Kwiwb| Zvi cgvY
nj Dcii NUbvjv| wK mePvBZ RvRjgvb wb`kb nj Aviv ci,
bf^ii wech w`bjvZ| Gi mePvBZ eo cgvY 6B bf^i mvq
K`xq dvivgi XvKvq AevbiZ m`m`i (Avgvi hw` fzj bv nq) eVK
hLb c_g nVvr Ki wmcvnx Afzvbi Lei (A_ev wmv) Rvbvbv nj
49
50
51
52

fviZxq nvB KwgkbviK nvBRvK Ki KYj Zvnimn Rvm`i bZe`i gywcY wnme
ZuvK eenvii Pv Kiv nq
gvneyeyi ie mv`x, evsjv`ki mvgvwRK weKvk I mgvR wece, c~ev, cv 85-86
kvnRvnvb wmivR, ivRbwZK wicvU, 1980, cv 16
AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979 cv 25-27

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

wmcvnx we`vni e_Zv mK ejv nq :

7B bf^i mKvj mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi, knx` wgbvii RgvqZ Ges ciw`b
evqZzj gvKviigi Rbmfvq wjelY BZvw` NUbvewj Afzvb Avgv`i
civRqi my BwZ| GiciI msMwVZfve cv`vcmiYi Kkj
Aej^b bv-Ki Avgiv AviI kwmsMvg AeZxY njvg| ^vfvweKfveB,
ivkwi ecivqv AvNvZ Avgiv Amnvq nq Mjvg| wei RbMYI
Avgv`i Kvhg mvov `qwb, KviY ZLb RbMYi Kvgbv wQj GKUz
^w|54...
53
54

mwbK msv
kvnRvnvb wmivR, ivRbwZK wicvU, 1980, cv 16

Rvm`

191

96

192

wekvmNvZKZvq wez Avgv`i AwaKvsk bZv I Kgx`i cvwZ-eyRvqv

ivgvwUKZvB GB evgcx SuvKi cvavb wevii Rb `vqx|

ivRbxwZZ vb-Kvj-cvi avi Avgiv Zgb avwiwb| wbqB j Ki

_vKeb, wece ev gZv `Lj h-Kvbv gynZB nZ cvi (Aek Avgiv
hw` wVKgZv KvR Kwi) GiKg GKUv aviYv Avgv`i AwaKvsk mv_xi ga
wQj| Avgv`i gZv `k mgvRZvwK wece h GKUv ai Zv, gvi
ciK gvKv evcvi bq, Zv eySZ bv-cvivi KviY gixwPKvi gZv Gi
cQb QyU PjwQ Ges Ah_v kw q KiwQ|55

DwjwLZ evgcx nUKvwiZvi KviY Abymvb Ki ejv nq :60

gvKmev` hnZz GKUv wevb, G wevbK menviv GgbwK eyRvqv, cwUeyRvqvivI cvVwelqi gZv eySZ cvi| mgvRi KviY h-KD (m
wbDwKqvmwUI) mgvRZi K_v ejZ cvib|
wK ZLb ch Zvi kYxwfw eyRvqv, cwU-eyRvqv| Avgiv (mB
wbDwKqvmwU)61 mB eyRvqv, cwU-eyRvqv wfwfwgZ `uvwoqB i
KiwQjvg|
`k ^vaxb nevi ciI Avgv`i mvsMVwbK wfw H evsjv`k QvjxM A_vr
cwU-eyRvqv| cwU-eyRvqv `v`yjgvb Pwii| hLb hw`K Rvqvi ZLb
mw`K, Avi hLb fvUv ZLb fq jR MvUvq|
^vaxbZvi DQvm ZLbI kl nqwb| Avgiv evwbK mgvRZi ee
wbq ZrKvjxb miKvii wei `uvovjvg| Avgiv Kviv?
ZLbI QvjxM| Avgiv NvlYv Kijvg Avgiv jowQ mvgvwRK wecei gvag
evwbK mgvRZ cwZvi Rb| QvjxMi mvaviY mv`Ki wicvU
kwgKkYxi wecex cvwU Mo Zvjvi Avnvb Rvbvjvg|
j j gvbyli i`vb, ZvM, wZwZvi civKvvi ciI ^vaxbZv Av`vjb
weRq jvf Kivi KviYB Gi fzj-wUi gjvqb Kiv nj bv| ei weRqi
Rvqvi wfbgZ (mwVK ev ewVK) Pvcv co Mj| GUvI GKwU cwU-eyRvqv
DQvmceYZv|
Aveviv ejZ nq, cwU-eyRvqviv mgvRZ DPviY Kij wK gnvfviZ
A nq hvq? Zv bq; Ze cwU-eyRvqviv mgvRZi K_v ejjB Zviv
mgvRZx nq hvq bv| ZLbI ch Zv`i kYxwfwwU cwU-eyRvqvB
_K hvq| Avgv`iI ZvB _K MQ| GB cwU-eyRvqv Pwi Avgv`i
KLb Kv_vq, Kxfve KvR KiQ Zv cvwU-BwZnvm chvjvPbv KijB ewiq
Avme|

7 bf^i 1975 Gi NUbvewj weklY Ki Rbve mv`x AviI ejb:56

mvZB bf^ii NUbvewj viv Avgiv eyRvqv ivkwi A`k Mfxi Z

mw KiwQ G-welq Kvbv m`n bB| IB `yin KvRwU mb Kivi Rb
Avgiv AekB wecex KwZZi `vwe`vi nZ cviZvg| wK NUbvwU hfve
NUQ wecex KwZZ Zv `ii K_v, wecex ivRbxwZi BwZnvm Avgv`iK
bivRev`x AcKxwZi Rb `vqx _vKZ ne|
GB aibi fzj Avgiv Kb Kijvg? hnZz Avgiv wecei iK
mgvRZvwK wnme wPwZ KiwQ, mBnZz Ges mB AbycvZ
MYZvwK Av`vjb menviv mvie (content) mw KiZ wMqB Avgiv GB
NUbv NwUqwQ|
Avgv`i ZrKvjxb msMVbi mejv icB wQj fzj| h-KviY beZi
Dcjwi gvag mjvK Aejy Ki w`q Avgiv Avevi MYmsMVb chvq
wdi Gjvg|

`xN cvq mvZ eQi ci 1980 mvji gvP Rvm`i wZxq RvZxq mjb
AbywZ nq| mjb Gi AZxZ gjvqb Ki ejv nq :57
Avgv`i ivRbwZK KgKvi mgq wePvi AvcKvk _K ^xKwZjvfi58
ceKvj Ges ^xKwZjvfi ci _K msm` wbevPbi cieZx wKQy mgq, GB
`ywU chvq wPwZ Ki `Lv hvq c_gwUZ evg SuvK Ges wZxqwUZ Wvb
SuvK |

G cm Rbve mv`xi gjvqbI cvq mgic :59

wekl wekl Avgv`i KvhKjvci ga Wvbcx myweavev`i

SuvKi AwZ _vKjI cvq me cvavb wevi Ki weivwRZ wQj h
SuvKwU Zv nQ evgcx nVKvwiZv|
m` GKUv Amgv mk gyw Av`vjb _K ewiq Avmv eyRvqv
55
56
57
58
59

AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979, cv 33

gvneyeyi ie mv`x, evsjv`ki mvgvwRK weKvk I mgvR wece, c~ev, cv 89-92
kvRvnvb wmivR, ivRbwZK wicvU, 1980, cv 19
wRqvi MYZvqb cwqvq wcwcAvi-Gi Aaxb ^xKwZ jvf
gvneyeyi ie mv`x, evsjv`ki mvgvwRK weKvk I mgvR wece, c~ev, cv 81

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

ay Kx ZvB? Rvm` KvRI KiZ MQ ^Mvxq`i A_vr cvwU-eyRvqv`i

gaB| `wjji fvlvq:62
Avgv`i mvsMVwbK KvR wQj gjZ fvmgvb cwU-eyRvqv`i ga cvw_Z|
cwU-eyRvqv `v`yjgvb Pwii ejB GKmgq hviv Avgv`i Pvwicvk
mg_b mgeZ wQj, wRqvi weRq Zviv Zvi cB Pj Mj| Avgv`i
ivRbxwZI evcK RbMYi KvQ Zgb wQj bv|...

60
61
62

AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979, cv 14-15

D wbDwKqvm mK cwiwk 18 `Lyb
AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979, cv 33 I 41-42

Rvm`

193

cw_exi wewfb `k gvKmxq `kb Dy nq cwU-eyRvqv`i GKUv Ask

menviv wecexZ icvwiZ nqQ| Avgv`i hvv wQj mLvb _K| wK
Avgv`i eo iKgi e_ZvB nj Avgiv cwU-eyRvqv Pnw AwZg
KiZ cvwiwb|

97

194

Z_vKw_Z GK wbqwZ MYZvqb cwqv Pvjy Kib| ivRbwZK `j

wewai65 Aaxb Abvbi mv_ Rvm`I ZLb miKvwi ^xKwZ wbq ivRbxwZ i
Ki| G cm Rvm`i ee wbic : 66
GiB ga Nivqv ivRbxwZi myhvM civwRZ AvIqvgx jxM nuvwU nuvwU cv cv
Ki wbR`iK msMwVZ KiZ _vK| Abw`K wRqv miKviI eyRvqvkYxi
AfixY I AvRvwZK Pvci KviY Zvi dvwmev`x KvhKjvci
Dci Z_vKw_Z AvBbx cjc `qvi wmv MnY Ki|
BwZga AvIqvgx jxM wewfbfve wRqvi myL fxwZ nq `Lv w`Z i
Ki| wRqvi aviYv wQj, Rvm` nqZv AvIqvgx jxMi mv_ nvZ wgjvZ
cvi| Rvm`-AvIqvgx jxM wgwjZ kw wRqvi wbKU AbK wec`i KviY
wQj| GB weePbvZB wRqv Rvm`-mK bZzb wmv AvmZ eva
nqQ|
Abw`K h-KviY Avgiv ivRbwZK `j wewai Aaxb ^xKwZi Rb Ave`b
KiwQjvg, m-KviYjvI ZLbI cyivgvvq weivR KiwQj| ZvB AvgivI
PvwQjvg miKvi Avgv`i mK bZzb wmv wbK| Gi wfwZB wewfb
gnji mv_ hvMvhvM I Avjvc-AvjvPbvi gvag 1978-i Gwcj Avgiv
miKvwi ^xKwZ67 jvf Kwi|
^xKwZ jvfi ce Avgiv wKQyUv miKvwi kw_jI jvf Kwi| ... Rvm`i
evbvi wgwQj... AvjvPbv mfv, Avgv`i AbK bZv Kgxi gywjvf BZvw`
Zvi cgvY enb Ki|
Abygv`b jvfi ciciB weMZw`bi Av`vjbjv gyjvqb Ki Zv _K
wkv wbq my ivRbxwZi wfwZ Rvm`K RbMYi KvQ hvIqv `iKvi
wQj| wK AZxZ ivRbxwZi gjvqb nj bv| eZgvb KiYxq mK ZvB
my wKQy ejvI Mj bv| msMVbi mvgb fm-Avmv AmsL cki Reve
Avgiv w`Z cvijvg bv| ckci G-cvZvq I-cvZvq BwZDwZ cvK LZ
_vKjvg| GI GK aibi myweavev`|68
Rvm`K ^xKwZ `Iqvi KviY DjL Kiv nqQ ceB, wRqv PvwQj

cwU-eyRvqv Pnw AwZg KiZ bv-cvivi KviY Rvm`i gaKvi

bvbv gZweiva g cKvk ic bq| c_g QvdU wef nq| ci gj `jI
wef nq wbfRvj wecex `j evm` MwVZ nq| evm`I cybtwef nq
(AivRbwZK KviY)| KD KD `j ZvM Ki wRqvi weGbwcZ hvM `q|
Aewk z` AskwU GLbI Zv`i AwZ I wef nIqv AevnZ iLQ|
Ze ivRbwZK `j wnme eZgvb Gi c_K Kvbv iZ AvQ ej gb
nqbv|
gvKmev`-jwbbev` I gvI-Gi wPvavivK Av`k I evwbK
mgvRZK j NvlYv KijI Rvm` Kvbv menviv kYxi ivRbwZK `j
bq, G GKwU mgvRZvwK MYmsMVb ev GKwU cvwU cwqv| gRi
Rwjji fvlvq :63
Rvm` gvKmev`x cvwU bq| Rvm`K Avgiv mgvRZvwK MYmsMVb ejwQ|
GLvb wewfb kYxi mg^q NUe| GLvb Av`vjbi gvag Kgx Zwi
ne| hgb aib, Avcwb gvLb Zwi KiZ Pvb| Zvnj AvcbvK GKUv
KovBq `ya Rvj w`Z ne| `ya Mig nj gvLb DVe, Avcwb Zv Zzj
ivLeb| gvLb DVe, Avevi Zv Zzj ivLeb| GLvb Rvm`64 nQ KovB
Ges RbMY nQ `ya|

A_vr QvjxM, KlK jxM, kwgKRvUi gZv Rvm`I Aci GKwU

MYmsMVb! Zv`i cvwU MVbi Z_vKw_Z cwqv Avi mb nIqvi myhvM
cvqwb, fwelZI cve ej gb nq bv| gvSLvb Zviv nvRvi nvRvi ZiYK
wec`Mvgx KiQ Ges VwKq w`qQ cKZ jvj cZvKvK, gwK jvj cZvKv
w`q |
AZtci Wvb wePzwZ
AvM-nZvKvi AbZg NvZK gwnDwbi (AvwUjvwi) bZZ we`vnx
wmcvwn`i viv 7 bf^i 1975 ew`Z _K gy nIqvi ci KvhZ wRqv mKj
gZv KzwMZ Kib| ci wZwb c_i mve mKj KuvUv `i Ki `k

65

66
67
68

63
64

mvvwnK wewPv, 18 Gwcj 1980, cv 36

RvZxq mgvRZvwK `j bvgwU Rvgvbxi bvrmx wnUjvii National Socialist Party Gi
AbyKiY bqv nqwQj AbK aviYv Kib|

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

1958 mvj mvgwiK kvmb Rvwii ci cvwKvbi cfz AvBqye LvbI 1962 mvj RvZxq
cwil` viv ivRbwZK `j wewa cYqb Ki MYZvqb cwqv Pvjy KiwQjb| wRqv
mB AvBqyex bxwZB AbymiY KiwQjb
AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979, cv 36-37
ejv nq _vK, Rvm`i ^xKwZ jvf wRqv miKvii mv_ mgSvZv vcb gvneyeyi ie
mv`x wekl fwgKv cvjb Kib
G h_v_B myweavev`| Rbve mv`x RvbvQb, wewfb mgq AZxZi gjvqbi ck
Av`kMZ msMvg i Kivi Rb Kvbv Kvbv ewi cvYvKi cPvK Avgiv wPwZ
KiwQ msMVbi KvR evav mw wnme| gjvqbK Gwoq wMq ejZ PqwQ Av`vjb
mg cki Reve w`e (c~ev, cv 95)

Rvm`

195

eyRvqvkYxi AvfixY Kv`j Avgv`iK Zvi Mvxi ^c eenvi

KiZ|
G ZKvZxZfveB Avgv`i j nIqv DwPZ wQj eyRvqv kYxi
AfixY Kv`jK eenvi Ki menviv kYxi ivRbwZK kw mw Kiv|
... Av`vjbi mvaviY ic MvUv eyRvqveevi (system) wei njI, wekl
ic wK AewZ gZvmxb eyRvqvkYxi wei Av`vjb cwiPvwjZ Kiv|
wK ^xKwZ jvfi ci _K Avgv`i KgKv Avgiv Zv KiZ e_
nqwQ|

e_Zvi wdwiw GLvbB kl bq| ivcwZ I msm` wbevPbI Zviv cv `q

fzji evjyPi| kvnRvnvb wmivRi fvlvq :69
^xKwZjvfi ciciB Avgv`i j wQj (AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 37 cvq
ejv nqQ j nIqv DwPZ wQj) eyRvqvkYxi AfixY Kv`jK
eenvi Ki gnbZx kYxi ivRbwZK kw ew Kiv|
... wK ivcwZi wbevPbi mgq Avgiv Avgv`i ivRbxwZK mwVKfve
cwZwbwaZ KiZ cvwiwb| Avgv`i wbR^ cwKv I Abvb cKvkbv bv_vKvUv hw`I GKUv KviY, ZeyI ^xKvi KiZ wav bB, m-mgq Avgv`i
ee gZvmxb`i PvBZ gZvi evBii eyRvqvMvxi wei kvwYZ
nqQ ewk| dj RbgZ wevw mw nq|

G cm AvmgvjvPbv `wjj ejv nq :

ivcwZ wbevPbi mgq Avgv`i eZv-weewZ mK wewfb ckK evi evi
Gwoq hZ PvBjI ivcwZ wbevPbi mgq Avgv`i ee me Qvwcq
h-K_vwU ewiq GmQ Zv nj -G hvvq evKkvjK civwRZ Kib|70

msm` wbevPbi mgqI Aevi Kvbv BZi-wekl nqQ-Zv ejv hvq bv|
hgb:
... ivcwZ wbevPbi mgqKvj _K eqKUi wmv NvlYv Kiv ch
Avgv`i ee wQj-Rvm` AvMvgx cvjvgU wbevPb AskMnY Kie|
RbMY, Kgxevwnbx, msMVbK cyivcywifve Avgiv wbevPbgyLx Ki
ZzjwQjvg| Avgv`i `vwe wQj cvjvgU wbevPb w`Z ne| Avi wbevPbi
ZvwiL NvlYvi ci Avgiv wbevPb eqKUi wmv wbjvg| GKw`K wbevPb
eqKU NvlYv, Abw`K wZbk mxU cv_x `uvo Kivbv I RZvi Rb
wbevPbi cwZi K_v ejvq bZv-Kgx-msMVK`i ga `Lv `q wevw|

98

196

Avevi wbevPb hvIqvi wmv Ggbfve RbMY Rvbjhv KvbvfveB

Avgv`i ivRbwZK AevPxbZvK XK ivLZ cviwb|71
kvnRvnvb wmivRi fvlvq :
...^fveZB ivcwZi wbevPbi mgq h wevwi Rb nqwQj, eqKUi
mPbv I cwimgvw, wmv NvlYvi gvivK cwZMZ wU Zv AviI evwoq
`q|72

ceB DwjwLZ nqQ h, ivRbwZK wicvU (1980) ivRbwZK `jwewai

Aaxb ^xKwZ jvfi ci _K 1979 -Gi msm` wbevPb cieZx wKQy mgq
ch Kvj Rvm`i Wvb-wePywZ NU| jYxq, GB Wvb wePzwZB g Rvm`i
vqx bxwZZ cwiYZ nq Rvm`K GKwU eyRvqv msm`xq `j icvwiZ
Ki| G GK weivU UvRwW| GKwU ivRbwZK `j wnme Rvm`i Dvb NU
Kvj-ekvLx Soi eM, Avevi Gi cZbI NU Dvi MwZZ, gvSLvb wbtkl
nq nvRvi nvRvi ZiYi gjevb Rxeb I mgvRZi j evsjv`ki
AMhvv|
ckv wfwK cvjvgU
24 Gwcj 1978 ivRbwZK `jwewai Aaxb ivRbxwZ Kivi AbygwZ jvfi
ceB ivRbwZK KvRKg miKvwi kw_j jvf I Zv`i AbK bZv-Kgxi
Rj _K gyw jvfi wewbgq cwmWU wbevPb Rvm`K GKUv fwgKv
MnY73 (wRqvK mg_b) KiZ nq Ges c_g eqKUi NvlYv w`qI ci
AevPxbfve msm` wbevPbI AskMnY KiZ nq|
msMVbi wewfb chvq `Lv `qv AmsL ck, nZvkv, `v`yjgvbZv I
wevw Ges bZZ mK wav I Abvvi cwZ 1979 mvji gvP
`ji Afi (Kejgv m`m`i Rb) RvZxq KwgwUi c _K cPvwiZ
44 cvi AvmgvjvPbv `wjj ck Dvcb Kiv nq :74
Rvm`i wbevPb msv ee wKsev KgKv wK GUvB cgvwYZ nq bv h,
Rvm` w`b w`b GKwU cvjvgUvwi cvwUZ icvwiZ nQ? Rvm`K
Avgv`i Kxfve `Lv DwPZ?...
Rvm` Kx KviY nVvr Ki wbevPb eRb Kijv? wbevPb eRbi wmv
Kvb& wfwZ hwK?
wbevPb eRbi ci Rvm` Av`vjbi Kvbv KgmwP w`j bv Kb? GUv wK
71
72

69
70

kvRvnvb wmivR, ivRbwZK wicvU, cv 17

AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979, cv 38

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

73
74

AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979, cv 39-40

kvRvnvb wmivR, ivRbwZK wicvU, 1980, cv 18-19
bRij Bmjvg, Rvm`i ivRbxwZ, c~ev, cv 32
AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 1979, cv 3-5

Rvm`

197

myweavev` bq?
weivU Mjvq eRbi K_v ejv, h-KD eRb _K wdi Avmeb, wZwb `k I
RbMYi m wekvmNvZKZv Kieb BZvw` ejvi ciI AvKwKfve
efeb _K Lv` Rvm`iB wbevPb AskMnY Kivi wmv NvlYvq Kx
eySv hvq? GZ wK cgvY nq bv Rvm` wbRB Zvi c` Iqv`vi m
wekvmNvZKZv KiQ?

wevwiZ AvjvPbvi ci DwjwLZ `wjj Dchy ckjvi Reve nuv-evPK

nq| Ze AvmgvjvPbvq GK WvbwePzwZi K_v ejv njI Zv kvawiq Kvbv
mwVK c_i mvb `qv nq bv| eis wbPi AvjvPbvq `LZ cvIqv hve h,
ZK_vi bvbv evMvo^ii Avovj g Rvm` wece ZvM Ki msm`xq
ivRbxwZZ `xv wbqQ|
19 Rvbyqvwi 1980 Rvm` AvnZ GK mvsevw`K mjbi gvag `kevmxi
Rb ivRbwZK cwiwwZ mK Zv`i ee I KgmwP Dcvcb Ki| mB
KgmwPZ ew`gyw I gwjK MYZvwK AwaKvi welqK c_g `dvi cii
Ges MvUv KgmwPi cavb `vweB wQj Rwgi `vwe| fwg msviK GK b^i iL
gvU `kwU Dc`dv msewjZ Kwli cMwZkxj icvi mvabi j GKUv
weZ `vweB wQj mB KgmwPi wZxq Ges gj `vwe|75
wK 6 gvmi gaB76 22-30 Ryb 1980 AbywZ Rvm`i RvZxq KwgwUi
mfvq D KgmwPi wecixZ bZzb ivRbwZK cve I weZwKZ 18-`dv
KgmwP MnY Ges 4 RyjvB 1980 Zv mvsevw`K mjbi gvag `kevmxi
Dk cPvi Kiv nq| 18-`dv KgmwPi cavb `vwe nj ckvwfwK cvjvgU|
bZzb GB KgmwPUvI i nqQ gwjK Ges MYZvwK AwaKvii `vwe
w`q| Ze Rvbyqvwii KgmwPi Rwgi `vweK nwUq Gevi `yb^i vb `Lj
KiQ ckvwfwK cvjvgU Avi fwg-msvi mwKZ AcvKZ A
`vweUvK Vj cvVvbv nqQ 11 b^i!
msMVbi Afi weivwRZ wewfb weZwKZ welqi Dci GKUv h_
gZvgZ DcbxZ nq iwPZ mg^q KwgwUi77 `wjj78 wecex MYZvwK

75
76
77

bRij Bmjvg, Rvm`i ivRbxwZ c~ev, cv 92

ZZw`b wmivRyj Avjg Lvb, gRi Rwjj AvUKvev _K gyw cvb Ges ieI gyw cq
cwg Rvgvbx _K wekvg jvf Ki wdi Avmb
K`xq mvsMVwbK KwgwU (C.O.C.) fO `qvi wKQyKvj ci _K Pvi mnhvMx msMVb
Rvm`, kwgK RvU, KlK jxM I QvjxMi mfvcwZ I mvaviY mv`K`i wbq MwVZ nq
mg^q KwgwU| ci wmivRyj Avjg Lvb, wgRv myjZvb ivRv, kvRvnvb wmivR I bi
Avjg wRKzK mLvb Afz Kiv nq

99

198

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Av`vjb I 18-`dv KgmwP wkivbvg GKwU cwiQ` G mK wek`

AvjvPbv Kiv nq| D `wjji fwgKvq ejv nq :
me weZKi mgvavb GKw`bB me bq| wK weZKi Aemvb KiZ nj
Avgv`i AekB gwjK `wfw mK mevi myz aviYv ARb KiZ ne|
mRb 18-`dv KgmwPi wfwZ evcK RbZvi Av`vjb Mo Zvjvi
wmv MnxZ nqQ|
evwbK mgvRZ cwZvi Rb Av`vjb I msMVb Mo Zvjvi gwjK
`wfw Kx ne m-mK A aviYv _vKj 18-`dv KgmwPi hwKZv
Avgiv eySZ e_ ne|...

j Kib, GLvb GKwU MvjKauvavi mw Kiv nqQ| Kw_Z gwjK `wfw

mK myz aviYv ARbi Rb cqvRb 18-`dvi KgmwPi wfwZ Av`vjb,
Avevi 18 `dvi hwKZv eySvi Rb cqvRb gwjK `wfw mK my
aviYv! `wjj iPwqZve`i GB jR-Mvei Aev _K Abygvb Kiv hvq h,
welqwU Zv`i KvQB my bq| `wjj ejv nq :
cPwjZ eyRvqv iveevq Kvbv cwieZbi c_ (ee) nvwRi bv Ki
dvwmev`-mvgvRev`i `yB mgmvK K` Ki h-Kvbv Av`vjbi Pwi
wbQK eyRvqv MYZvwK| Zvi ga Kvbv wecex gge bB|...
mgvRZvwK wecei i menviv kYx wbQK eyRvqv MYZvwK
Av`vjb KiZ hve Kb? GZ Zvi Kvbv ^v_ bB|79

h- Av`vjb eyRvqv Pnw AwZg KiZ cvi bv m- Gi

ga GKUv wecex gge (cuywRev` weivax Dcv`vb) cwe Kwiq ZvK wecex
Av`vjb icvwiZ KiZ ne| Rvm`-bZe` gb Kib, cvweZ 18`dv nj m aibi wecex KgmwP Ges ckvwfwK cvjvgUi `vwe nj mB
cuywRev` weivax Dcv`vb| GB nj KvwZ cwieZbi c_| `wjji fvlvq:80
GLbKvi cvjvgU RbmvaviYi fvU wbevwPZ G-K_v mwZ| wK RvZxq
HKi Rb wewfb kYx I Aski h-cwZwbwaZ `iKvi Zv Kv_vq? GB
cvjvgUK hw` AvbycvwZK nvi wewfb ckvRxex`i (Wvvi, Bwwbqvi
KgPvix, mvsevw`K, KviLvbv, kwgK, Kwl gRyi miKvwi (?) BZvw`) cwZwbwa
wbevwPZ Ki 330 Rbi e`j 500 Rbi cvjvgU cwiYZ Kiv nq Ges
78

79
80

D `wjjwU mvgvb cwigvwRZ nq KgmwP, msMVb, Av`vjb cm mg^q KwgwUi

ZvwK weklY bvg cywKvKvi cKvwkZ nq| Ze 12 bZvi `wjj wnme Zv mgwaK
cwiwPwZ jvf Ki| ejv evj, D `wjji me wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi Av`vjb I
msMVb cmi Qvqv weivRgvb
KgmwP, msMVb, Av`vjb cm mg^q KwgwUi ZvwK weklY, cv 18
KgmwP, msMVb, Av`vjb cm mg^q KwgwUi ZwK weklY, cv 45

Rvm`

199

m cvjvgUK mKjcKvi AvBb cqvMi `vwqZ `qv nq ZvnjB

mvgvRev`i wei RvZxq HK Mo-Zvjvi Rb m cvjvgU ne GKwU
KvhKix KvVvgv| wPv Ki `Lyb, Av`vjbi gaw`q Ggwb GKwU
KvVvgv Mo ZzjZ cvij RvZxq HK Mo DVe wKbv Ges h msMVb ev
msMVbmgn Av`vjb cwiPvjbv Kie Zv`i ^cB AvR A_ev Kvj
cwUeyRvqv, D`vibwZK eyRvqvmn evcK RbZv hvM w`e wKbv?
ckvi cwZwbwa mn mvefg msm` Mo-Zvjvi Av`vjb aygv RvZxq
HK Mo ZzjZ mvnvh Kie bv, Zv dvwmev`weivax PZbvKI
KvhKixfve jvjb Kie|
mgvRZvwK kwwfZ Mo-Zvjvi ^c GB wbw` vMvbwU wK KvbvB
Ae`vb ivLZ cvi bv? AekB AmsMwVZ kgRxex gvbylK Zv`i wbR^
msMVb msMwVZ Kivi Rb vMvbwU h_ Ae`vb ivLZ cvi| mKj cKvi
AvBb cYqbi KvR AskMnYi GK mywbw` j wbq hnZz KgRxex
gvbyliv Zv`i wbR^ msMVb Mo Zzje mnZz msMwVZ kw wnme
KgRxex`i gv_v DuPz Ki `uvovbvi c_UvK myMg Ki `e|
ZvB, ckvRxex`i cwZwbwamn mvefg msm`i `vwei wfwZ Mo IVv
MYZvwK Av`vjb dvwmev`-mvgvRev`K ay KvYVvmv Ki `e bv,
cuywRev`weivax msMwVZ PZbvqI weKvk NUve|

`Lv hvQ, Rvm` Avkv Ki, Av`vjbi gvag ckvwfwK cvjvgU

Mo ZzjZ cvij Zv (ev Zv Av`vqi Av`vjb) ne AvR A_ev Kvj
cwUeyRvqv D`vibwZK eyRvqvmn evcK RbZvi 1. mvgvRev`i wei
RvZxq HK Mo Zvjvi GKwU KvhKix KvVvgv 2. dvwmev` weivax
PZbvK jvjbKvix 3. mgvRZvwK kwwfZ Mo Zvjvi j AmsMwVZ
kgRxex gvbylK Zv`i wbR^ msMVb msMwVZ Kivi msMVK 4. cyuwRev`i
wei GKwU ivRbwZK mPZb msMwVZ kw mwKvix cwZvb| Ab K_vq,
ckvwfwK cvjvgU nj cyuwRev`, dvwmev`i wei RvZxq HK MVbKvix
GKwU cwZvb hv GKB mv_ kwgKkYxK KwgDwb cvwUZ msMwVZ Ki
mgvRZvwK kwwfZ Mo Zzj cyuwRev`weivax PZbvi weKvk NUve I
mvgvRev`-dvwmev`K KvYVvmv Kie| A_vr eyRvqv cvjvgU ckvwfwKZv
(wecex gge/Dcv`vb) cwe Kwiq Av`vjbK eyRvqv Pnw AwZg
Kwiq mvgvRev`-dvwmev` weivaxI Kiv (GK wXj e cvwL wkKvi!) me
ne|
Rvm`i ZvwjKvq wbPi w`K vb cvIqv Kwl gRyiiv msLvq gvU
RbmsLvi AaKi ewk Ges Zv`i msMwVZ KiZ cvij GLbB cvjvgU
`Lj Kiv hvq| hgbwU fviZi cwge KwgDwb-Kvqvwjkb miKvi

100

200

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

KiQ| GRb wmwcAvB(Gg)-K Rwgi `vweK nwUq ckvwfwK cvjvgUi

`vweK AMvwaKvi w`Z nqwb|
Dci, cvjvgUi GjvKv ev ckvwfwKZv nj ivKvVvgvi GKUv wbw`
cwZvbi evwnK ici (form) ck, Zvi ggei (content) cwieZb bq|
ZvQvov G K_v meRbwew`Z h, AvBb mfvi wZxq (DP) K Pov wePvi
c_g (wb) Ki KvR wKQy wej^ NUvZ cvi eU, wK evav w`Z cvi bv;
m K hv`i mg^q ev h-fveB MwVZ nvK bv Kb| evsjv`k wRqvi
Mvg miKviI `Lv MQ fwgnxb KlK Zvi wbR^ ^v_i cwieZ weevb`i
cwZ AbyMZ _vKZ eva nq| myZivs ckvwfwK cvjvgU bq, cqvRb mgvRi
kwi fvimvg e`j `qv, MvgxY menvivK kYxZ icvwiZ Kiv| Avi
GRb cqvRb Zv`i Rxebi mgmvKw`K vMvb I m-vMvbi wfwZ
Zv`i msMwVZ Kivi axijqi wbiewQb KvR|
Rvm`i cwZvZv mvaviY mv`K Avmg Ave`yi ie GK`v cvjvgUK
qii Lvqvo AvLv w`q Ges wZwb wbR h Lvqvo Mn-cvwjZ weivax
`jxq bZv nq wekl LvwZ ARb KiQb| 1973 mvji c_g wbevPbK Zviv
evsjvi eyK kl wbevPb NvlYv w`qwQjb| ZLb Zv`i PZbv I Kgi
cyivUv Ryo wQj kYxmsMvgi gvag mvgvwRK wece msNwUZ Ki evwbK
mgvRZ cwZvi cwZv| Avi GLbKvi Aeve81 I wevwgjK
ckvwfwK cvjvgUi `vwe A_vr cvjvgUi ewnii ic e`jvbvi `vwe
cKZ cve kYx msMvg, mgvvwRK wece, evwbK mgvRZ cfwZ
_K wbR`i cZvnvi Ki wbq `k cyuwRev`K AviI `xNvqx Kivi
Kkji bvgvi gv|
ck DVv ^vfvweK, GKi fZi e Yi AwaKvix GB ckv-wfwKZvi
wfwwU Kx Ges G`i cwZwbwaZB ev wbavwiZ ne wKmi wfwZ? G welq
wmivRyj Avjg Lvb Zvi GKzk kZK evOvwj, Lvjv wPwV cfwZ cywKvq

81

Aeve GRb h, `k gvU ckvi msLv, cwZwU ckvq ckvRxexi msLv, cwZwbwaZi
wfw I wbevPb cwZ wbaviY Kiv LyeB RwUj KvR| cvevbyhvqx Wvvi-mgvR AvBb
mfvi DPK GKwU Avmb ev bvixmgvR lvjwU Avmb cve| Gg G gZxb ev e`ivRv
Payix ev dRjyj Kwig ev Avgvbyjvn cgyL LvwZgvb WvviMY mvsm` gvq gx-ivcwZ
wQjb Ges AgwU ewZiK mKj msm`B Abb 15 _K 30 Rb gwnjv mvsm` Ges
`yGKRb gx gvq cavbgx wQjb (eZgvbI cavbgx GKRb bvix)| Guiv wbR wbR
ckv ev mgvRi nq AwZwi Kx-B ev KiZ ciQb? myZivs eyRvqv msvigjK
`vwe wnmeI ckv wfwKZv AcqvRbxq| dj cw_exi Kv_vI Gic cvjvgU `Lv
hvq bv ev Zv cwZvi `vweI j Kiv hvq bv

Rvm`

201

wevwiZ AvjvPbv KiQb| wZwb gb Kib:82

101

202

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

ejb:83

...m` Abymvi Zv`i (RbMYi) mvgvwRK wefvRb DPwe I DPgawe 3%, ga-gawe I wb-gawe 22% wbwe I Mixe gvbyl 75%|
DPwe, DP-gawe I ga-gawe mgvR A_vr wkK, wPwKrmK,
cKkjx, Kwlwe`, eo KlK, mgevqx, wevbx, chywwe`, mvsevw`K,
AvBbRxex, eemvqx, wkcwZ, evvi, eo `vKvb`vi, mgvRmex (GbwRI),
miKvwi, Avav miKvwi I mvgwiK KgKZv, wkx, mvwnwZK, eywRxex cfwZ
mvgvwRK Mvx ckvRxex wnme wPwZ| Avi kwgK, Kwl kwgK, QvU KlK,
KgPvix, `vKvb KgPvix, mvaviY mwbK, cywjk, Avbmvi, wivPvjK, z`
eemvqx cfwZ kgRxex, KgRxex wnme cwiwPZ| GB kgRxex, KgRxex I
ckvRxexivB njv Avgv`i mgvR Rxebi be mgvRkw|

evsjv`k MYZ I MYZvwK KvVvgvK A_en I KvhKi KiZ nj

ivRbwZK `j nZ wbevwPZ cwZwbwa`i cvkvcvwk kgRxex-ckvRxex`i
cwZwbwaZi eev msewjZ AvBb cYqbKvix msv (cvjvgU) GKv
cqvRb| cuvP eQi Ai ivRbwZK `jmgn I AvgjvZi KvhKjvcK
Abygv`b `vb (mg_b ev weivvwaZv Dfq A_) KivK MYZi Kvb
msvq Afy Kiv hvq bv| MYZ nZ ne Askx`vwiZ wfwK|
ivRbwZK `ji cvkvcvwk mgvR kwmgni Askx`vwiZi ^xKwZ Ges Gi
wfwZ Mo Zvjv ivxq eevcbvi KvVvgvB njv evsjv`ki
Askx`vwiZi MYZ| evsjv`ki mgvR kwi webvm, mgvRi mvgwMK
PvIqv-cvIqv Ges ivRbwZK, HwZnvwmK, A_bwZK, mvgvwRK I mvswZK
Aevi cwZ j iLB Askx`vwiZi MYZK AvBb cYqb, ckvmwbK
eev I Drcv`b KvVvgvq cqvM KiZ ne|

wZwb Aviv gb Kib, Avgv`i `ki cvrc` cuywRev`x KvVvgvi ewk

Abyhvqx GLvb kgRxex-KgRxexi kgkw I ckvRxexi `Zv mg^q
Drcv`b BDwbU Mo DVjI iv cwiPvjbv eevq (AvBb cYqb, ckvmb,
Drcv`b eevcbv) GB kgkw I `Zvi RweK GKxfeb (Organic
Integration) bB| A_vr AvBmfvq ivRbwZK `ji wbevwPZ cwZwbwaZi
eev AvQ wK mvgvwRK kg, Kg I ckvi gvbyli cwZwbwaZ bB|
ivRbwZK `ji wbevwPZ cwZwbwa`i gvag RbMYi wewfb Aski mvaviY
BQvi cwZdjb NUjI wekl BQvi cwZdjb NU bv| Dci bxwZ
cYqbKvix ivRbwZK `j I AvgjvZi mv_ bxwZ mvjbKvix
(Transmitting agent) kgRxex-ckvRxexi AmwZ ev we`gvb| Gme KviY
`ki G hverKvj Pvjy _vKv ivRbwZK, ckvmb I A_bwZK cwiKbv
RbRxeb Kvb YMZ cwieZb mvab KiZ cvi wb| ^vaxb mvefg
evsjv`k cwZv RbMYi mKj Aski mwwjZ cPvi dmj njI
^vaxbviKvj wecex RvZxq miKvi MVbi gvag my`p RvZxq HK Mo
Zvjvi e`j wewUk auvPi `jxq kvmb wfwK cvjvgUvix eev Pvjy njv hv
wKbv kvmbZvwKfve RbMYK miKvix `j I weivax `j wef Ki `q,
dj RvZxq HK f co| `k KvhZt wewUk-cvwKvbx JcwbewkK
wPv-PZbv I eevq cwiPvwjZ nq AvmQ| bvg cwieZb Qvov (Ges
`yGKwU ewZg Qvov) JcwbewkK Avgji AvBb ev wewa iwnZ Kiv nqwb,
envj iqQ| A_vr ^vaxb MYZvwK `ki DchvMx kvmb eev I
A_bwZK KvVvgv Mo DV wb| GgZvevq w`K wb`kbv wnme Rbve Lvb

DjL, Rvm`i GK`v ZvwK bZv wmivRyj Avjg Lvb KZK 1976 mvj
MYK Av`vjb I msMVb cm wkivbvg wjwLZ ce ckvwfwKZv,
Z_v 18 `dv KgmwP c_g YvKvi cKvwkZ nq|84 ci Zv wbw` Aeqe jvf
Ki 1980 mvji Ryb gvm Rvm` KZK MnxZ nq| 1983 mvj W. wRji
ingvb Lvb I wmivRyj Avjg Lvb h_fve Gi cwigvwRZic Askx`vwiZi
MYZ-i Z Dcvcb Kib85 Ges 1987 mvj Gi cwZlxic
86
(Corresponding structure) wbaviYi Rb GKwU wekl KwgwU MVb Kiv nq|
83
84
85

86
82

wmivRyj Avjg Lvb, GKzk kZK evOvwj, Gg. Gb. I. cvewjKm (cv:) wjwgUW, XvKv,
2000, cv 30

wmivRyj Avjg Lvb, GKzk kZKi evOvwj, c~ev, cv 31

Av`vjb I msMVb cm AvjvPbvi Rb cwiwk 17 co~b
Rbve Lvb gb Kib, GB cvei ga RvZxqZvev`x fwgKvi GKwU iZc~Y w`K
iqQ| RvZxqZvev` GLvb ciYvi kw wnme KvR Kie| RvZxqZvev`x `wfw Qvov
Kej mgvR kwi fwgKv (kg-Kg-ckvi fwgKv) evsjv`ki (eni A_ h Kvb
`ki) RvZxq I AvRvwZK cqvRb gUvZ cvie bv| Avgv`i RvZxqZvev` nvRvi
eQii BwZnvm, HwZn, AwfZv Ges RbMYi Avkv-AvKvv I mPZb cqvm m| GB
RvZxqZvev`x `wfwi mxgveZv _K gy Kivi j Avwg evOvwji HKi
cqvRbxqZv Abyfe Kwi| (Avgiv RvwZ wnme evOvwj Avi bvMwiK wnme evsjv`kx)|
eZgvb cw_exZ (cevmx 40 jmn) evOvwji msLv 20 KvwU (200 wgwjqb)| 2025 mb
bvMv` GB msLv `uvove cvq 40 KvwU| ay fvlv Ges agi Mw w`q GB RvZxqZvev`K
mxgve bv iL, cwZwU evOvwji Rb kg-Kg-ckvi gvvK mshvwRZ Ki evOvwjZi
msvK wbaviY KiZ ne| Gi dj Avgiv wbR`iK hgb mvweK DbwZi c_
wbqvwRZ KiZ cviev, Zgwb Abw`K wekcwimi h Kvb RvwZi mgK nq DVev|
Avi ZLwb mviv wekevcx Avgv`i _vKe GKwU ivRbwZK-mvgvwRK-mvswZK cwiPq|
(GKzk kZKi evOvwj, c~ev, cv 32-33)
wmivRyj Avjg LvbK mg^qK Ges W. wRjyi ingvb Lvb, AavcK AvRgj Avng`,
AavwcKv ivwRqv Avng`, Avgvbyjvn, mwdDj Avjg, gvnv` kvnRvnvb, Av.m.g. Ave`yi
ie I bi Avjg wRKzK m`m Ki GB KwgwU MwVZ nq

Rvm`

203

102

204
(5)

GB KwgwU miKvii ic (form) I cvjvgUmn bvbvwea cwZvb/msvi MVb I

cwiPvjbv msv PvU ev gWj Zwi Ki| KwgwU GjvKv wfwK cwZwbwa
300 I kg-Kg-ckv, Ges gwnjv I DcRvZxq cwZwbwa 200 mg^q 500
Avmbi GKK wewk RvZxq msm`i cve Ki| ci 1993 mvj GK
Ki cwieZ `yBK wewk msm`i wbic mskvwaZ cve Dvcb Kiv
nq:87

(6)
(7)
(8)

1. RvZxq msm` : wbK(Lower House) Ges DPK (Upper House) wbq

`ki mevP AvBb cYqbKvix msv RvZxq msm` MwVZ ne|
K. wbK : 300 (wZbkZ) m`m wewk| ivRbwZK `jmgn KZK
gbvbxZ cveq`i fvU viv Aj wfwZ wbevwPZ ne|
L. DPK : 200 (`yBkZ) m`m wewk|
(1) kg-Kg-ckvq wbqvwRZ (kgRxex, KgRxex, ckvRxex) ew`i
viv A`jxqfve wbevwPZ m`m|
(2) cveq gwnjv`i viv A`jxqfve wbevwPZ m`m|
(3) DcRvZxq`i viv A`jxqfve wbevwPZ m`m|
(4) ivcwZ KZK gbvbxZ m`m (gjZt cwZiv evwnbx Ges AvgjvKgKZv I kvw-ksLjv ivKvix evwnbx`i ga _K)|
(5) RvZxq wbevPb cv fvU Abyhvqx AvbycvwZK nvi ivRbwZK
`jmgni gbvbxZ m`m|
2. Mc wefw :
kg, Kg, ckv, gwnjv Ges DcRvwZmgnK wbv 13 (Ziv)
KvwUMvwiZ (Category) fvM Kiv njv :
(1) eywRxex I mvswZK Mvx : h_v wkK, AvBbwe`, mvsevw`K,
wkx, jLK, Kwe, mvwnwZK, cKvkK, PjwP wkx-Kzkjx,
msMxZ wkx, mswZmex, xovwe` BZvw`|
(2) UKwbKvj wekl : h_vwevbx, chywwe`, Bwwbqvi,
Kwlwe`, Wvvi, wWcvgv Bwwbqvi, ` KvwiMi, cwZ,
cwiKbvwea, wk-gvbRvi, eemvqx-GwwKDwUf, evsK
wekvi`, mgvRmex (GbwRI), GKvDUU BZvw`|
(3) eemv-evwYR I wk : h_vwkcwZ, eemvqx (z`, gvSvwi I
enr), dvix gvwjK, `vKvb`vi, evsKvi, exgv(we`) BZvw`|
(4) kwgK : h_v wk kwgK, dvix kwgK, dvix AvBbi
Afy kwgK-KgPvix, hvbevnb (wivmn) kwgK, miKvwi,
Avav-miKvwi ^vqkvwmZ I emiKvwi mii kwgK BZvw`|
87

wmivRyj Avjg Lvb, GKzk kZK evOwj, c~ev, cv 37-39

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)

Kwl kwgK : h_v ZgRyi, w`bgRyi I MvgxY GjvKvi mKj

aibi gRyi BZvw`|
mgevqx KlK : h_v abx, gvSvix I QvU KlK hviv mgevqi
Afy|
KvWvi mvwfm : h_v miKvwi, Avav-miKvwi I ^vqkvwmZ
cwZvbi c_g I wZxq kYxi KvWvifz KgKZv|
cwZiv I wbivcv evwnbx : h_v mbvevwnbx, wegvb evwnbx,
bevwnbx, cywjk, we.wW.Avi, Avbmvi, Mvg cwZiv evwnbx,
mnhvMx evwnbx BZvw`|
KgPvix : h_v miKvwi, Avav-miKvwi, ^vqkvwmZ I emiKvwi
mii Aaxb mKj ZZxq I PZz_ kYxi KgPvix|
gwnjv : h_v 18 ermii AwaK eqmx gwnjv|
mgvRi AbMmi Ask : h_v ZuvZx, Rj, avcv, bvwcZ, gywP,
Kvgvi, Kzgvi, g_i, e` BZvw`|
DcRvwZ : h_v PvKgv, gvigv, ZbPzsMv, gyis, jymvB, evg, wUcv,
gM, Mviv, muvIZvj, nvRs, KzwK, Lvwmqv BZvw`|
Abvb : hvivB Kvb bv Kvb RvZxq DbqbgjK KvR
wbqvwRZmevBK Afy Kiv ne|88

3. fvU cwZ : GK ew`yB fvU| GK fvU AjwfwK Ges wZxq

fvU kg-Kg-ckv wfwK|
4. cZvnvi cwZ (Re-Call System) : 15% fvUvi viv h Kvb wbevwPZ
ewi m`mc` cZvnvii Rb xKvii wbKU Ave`b Kiv hve|
5. D`vM MnY (Initiative) : 5% fvUvi viv h Kvb AvBb cYqb
A_ev evwZj Kivi Rb xKvii wbKU wjwLZfve Ave`b Kivi
88

evsjv`ki kgRxex-KgRxex-ckvRxex cfwZi cwimsLvb wbic : Wvvi-30,000;

Bwwbqvi-30,000; wWcvgv Bwwbqvi-50,000; wkK-5,00,000; mvsevw`K-2,000;
mswZmex-10,000; Kwlwe`-10,000; wWcvgv Kwlwe`-50,000; evsK KgKZvKgPvix-30,000; AvBbwe`-40,000; eemvqx-wkcwZ-10,000; `vKvb gvwjK1,50,000; `vKvb-KgPvix-3,50,000; miKvwi, Avav-miKvwi, ^vqZkvwmZ, emiKvwi
KgKZv-KgPvix-15,00,000; wewfb cKvi wekl-7,000; cwZiv wefvM-1,00000;
cywjk-1,00,000; Avbmvi| cvivwgwjUvwi-5,00,000; xovwe`-20,000; cvivgwWKm1,00,000; DcRvwZ-7,00,000; mgevqx KlK-10,00,000; Kwl-kwgK-1,50,00,000;
wk-kwgK-60,00,000; wivPvjK-5,00,000; w`bgRyi-1,00,000; ZuvZx-Rj cfwZ10,00,000; KlK (mgevqfz bq)-1,50,00,000; MviR, j`, gwmb, IqvKkc
cfwZ-5,00,000; Abvb z` Kg RwoZ-20,00,000; (cevmx evOvwj-50,00,000;
RbmsLv- 13 KvwU, fvUvi-6 KvwU, bvix-cyil AbycvZ 50 : 50) wmivRyj Avjg Lvb,
Lvjv wPwV (cywKv), Gg. Gb. I.cvewjKm, XvKv, 2000, cv 13]

Rvm`

205

eev _vKe| RvZxq msm` m Ave`b weePbv KiZ eva _vKe|

6. wbevPb Abyvb : mKj chvqi wbevPb NvlYv Ges Abyvbi megq
gZv _vKe wbevPb Kwgkbi| wbevPb Kwgkb ^vaxb Ges wbic
ne|
`Lv hvQ, 86 aibi89 kg-Kg-ckvi jvKK 12/13wU `j webvm Ki
AvBbmfvi cvweZ wZxq (DP) K cwZwbwaZi eev Kiv nqQ| Kvb
`j 14, Kvb `j 3, Avevi Kvb `j gv 1 aibi jvK iqQ| G`i
cwZwbwaZi nvi Kx ne Zv ejv nqwb| cwZwbwaZi nvi mgvb nj, cwZwU `j
16 Rb (200 12=16.67) cwZwbwa cvIqv hvq| Zvnj 2 bs `ji wevbx,
chywwe`, Bwwbqvi, Kwlwe`, Wvvi, wWcvgv Bwwbqvi, ` KvwiMi, cwZ,
cwiKbvwe`, wk-gvbRvi, eemvqx-GwwKDwUf, evsKwekvi`, mgvRmex
(GbwRI), GKvDbUU cfwZ mKj ev 12 bs `ji 13 DcRvwZ cve 16 Rb
(ckvi cwZ aib 1 Rb) cwZwbwa, Zgwb 7 bs `ji miKvwi; Avav-miKvwi
I ^vqkvwmZ cwZvbi 1g I 2q kYxi KvWvifz KgKZviv 16 Rb; 10 bs
`ji gwnjviv (gvU RbmsLvi cvq AaK) 16 Rb Ges 5 bs `ji KwlkwgKiv (msLv 1 KvwU 50 jvL) 16 Rb cwZwbwa cve| GB wnme 1 bs `ji
cwZwU ckvi cvc aiv hvK 1 Rb (16.67 12 = 1.39) | Zv nj 50 nvRvi
wkK ev 2 nvRvi mvsevw`K ev 5 kZ (Abygvb) cKvkK mevB 1 Rb cwZwbwa
cve| A_vr 9 j 37 nvRvi 5 kZ Kwl kwgKi Rb hLvb 1 Rb, mLvb 2
nvRvi mvsevw`Ki (ev 5 kZ cKvkKi) RbI 1 Rb cwZwbwa| Ab K_vq, 1
Rb mvsevw`K I 46,875 Rb Kwl-kwgKi cwZwbwaZ mgvb| cwZwbwaZi Gic
nvi mylg ev MYZmZ Kx bv Ges G-viv RbMYi Askx`vwiZ cwZwZ nq
wKbv Zv ckmvc bq Kx?90
jYxq, cvweZ kg-Kg-ckvq wbqvwRZ eweMi cvq mKjB wbR
wbR ckvMZ msMVb ce _KB msMwVZ| Kvb Kvb ckvq GKvwaK msMVbI
iqQ| Wvvi`i weGgG, Bwwbqvi`i BAvBwe, wkK`i mwgwZ eemvqxwkcwZ`i GdwewmwmAvB, Avgjv`i Gmvwmqkb kwgK-KlK`i MYmsMVbmgn G LyeB mycwiwPZ| me msMVb wbR wbR ckvi ^v_msiYv_ my`i AZxZKvj _K KvR Ki AvmQ Ges Zviv wbRivI Gic
Askx`vwiZi `vwe Dvcb Ki wb| Zvi PqI iZcY welq njv, wecex
89

hw`I kg-Kg-ckvIqvix jvKmsLv wefvRb gv 29wU aib DjL Kiv nqQ (88 bs UxKv `e)
Rbve Lvb cvweZ kg-Kg-ckvi cwZwbwaZkxj RvZxq msm`i iciLvi Rb cwiwk
20 `Lyb

90

103

206

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

gge cwe eyRvqv Pnw AwZgKvix mgvRZvwK kwwfZ Mo

Zvjvi KvhKwi KvVvgv ckvwfwK cvjvgUK GKB mv_ kwgK-KlK I
wkcwZ-eemvqx`i cwZwbwaZi mvbvi cv_i evwU evbvbvi wPv Kiv
nqQ| eis ejv mgxPxb ne h, ckvwfwKZvi bvg kwgK kYx I KlKKzji
^v_ weivax cuywRev`x I myweavfvMx`i ^v_B cKvivi ivi wPv Kiv
nqQ|

Rvm`

207

mvgvRev`i bxj-bKkv
c_g cvwKvbi AfixY evcvi ej evsjv`ki ^vaxbZv msMvgK
A^xKvi Kiv, ci Zv`i Avven gvkZvKi gvag cvwKvbi mv_
KbdWvikb MVb Ki gxgvsmvq cuQv me bv nIqvq kl gvwKb
mvgvRev` mg beni cvwVq mivmwi hy AeZxY nZ D`Z nq| wK
Gmei Kvb wKQyB ^vaxb evsjv`ki Afz`qK VwKq ivLZ cvi wb| ejv
evj, GB civRqK Zviv mnRfve bq wb| ZrKvwjb gvwKb ciiv mwPe
nbwi wKwmvii mnKvix iRvi gwimi fvlvq :1
^vaxb evsjv`ki Afz`q Ges kL gywRei gZvq AvmvUv wQj D`Zi
gZv, AvgwiKv Ges AvgwiKvi Zve`vi`i Rb GUv cKZ A_B
civRq^ic Ges AvgwiKvi ckvmbi Rb GUv LyeB weeZKi NUbv ...
Zvi (nbwi wKwmvi) KvQ evsjv`ki NUbvejx ewMZ civRq (as a
personal defeat) wnme cwZfvZ nq|

mvgvRev` Kvb civRqKB mnR gb bq bv| h Kvb civRqKB m

fveZ Pvq mvgwqK Ges eveI mvgwqK civRqK Rq cwiYZ Kivi Rb
gvwi Awi cvwi h Kkj bxwZ Aej^b Ki|2 m c_ ai gvwKb mvgvRev`
AwPiB evsjv`kK cybivi Kivi loh wj nq|
1964 mvji AvM _KB Avgv`i Rb we`k _K Lv` Avg`vwb Kiv
cqvRb nq| A_vr wbR^ Lv`vrcv`b w`q `ki mKj gvbylK LvBq
euvPvbvi mvg_ `k nvwiq dj| 1969-70 A_eQi RbmsLvi 12.5%
fvMi Rb Lv` Avg`vwb KiZ nqwQj| ay ZvB bq, GKB mgq `k cwiYZ

1
2

bRij Bmjvg, Rvm`i ivRbxwZ, c~ev, cv 111 (cv`UxKv 7 I 8)

RbK gvwKb Qv KZK wPwji mvjfv`i Avq`i miKvi DrLvZ I mvgwiK Afzvb (11
m^i 1973) wbb ckvmbi fwgKv mK RvbZ PvIqv cki Di ciivgx
Kwjb cvIqj hyivi RwoZ _vKvi K_v ^xKvi KiQb| (c_g Avjv, 18 Gwcj
2003)

104

208

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

mvgvRev`i bxj-bKkv

207

nq mvweK NvUwZi `k3 (1962-63-i ci Avi ivwb Avq w`q Avg`vwb eq

gUvbv me nqwb)| wbi mviYx4 _K AvjvP wewfb eQii Lv`vrcv`b,
Avg`vwb I RbmsLv mK GKwU aviYv cvIqv hvq|
eQi
wbR^ Drcv`b
Avg`vwbKZ Lv`i
RbmsLv
(nvRvi Ub)5
cwigvY (nvRvi Ub)
(nvRvi Rb)
1964-65
10,368
345
58,936
1965-66
10,370
923
60,482
1966-67
9,482
1,100
61,937
1967-68
11,053
1,019
63,427
1968-69
11,257
1,119
64,953
1969-70
11,919
1,547
66,516
1970-71
11,077
1,146
68,117
1971-72
9,887
1,688
69,774
1972-73
10,020
2,825
72,392
1973-74
11,860
1,667
74,368
1974-75
11,224
2,558
77,031
1975-76
12,775
1,445
78,961
myZivs Ggb GKwU hy-wea mvweK NvUwZi `k wnme ^vaxb
evsjv`k hvv i Ki, hvi wbRi `ki mKj gvbylK LvBq euvPvbvi gZv
mwZ wQj bv| GB Aevq cqvRb wQj, `ki mKj jvK 12.5% fvM
cwigvY Kg Lq (ZvZ KD gi bv) `Z `ki Av_-mvgvwRK eevq Ggb
ecweK icvi mvab Kiv, hvZ AwPiB `k Lv`mn mvweK NvUwZ KvwUq
Di `k cwiYZ nZ cvi|
gywRe m jB ^vaxbZvi c_g evwlKxZ (26 gvP 1972) `ki
A_bwZK bxwZgvjv wbaviY Kib| hv mZ KviYB wQj mvgvRev` I cuwRev`
LeKvix|
DjL, 1969-70 Kvjcei Av`vjb mgvRi bvbv ii gvbyli
AskMnY evoZ _vKvi mv_ mv_, GKw`K KgmwPZ cMwZkxj Dcv`vb
3

4
5

Bmjvgi bvg cvwKvbx kvmb-kvlYi dj gv 15 eQiB c~e cvwKvb D

_K NvUwZi `k cwiYZ nq| 22 eQi GLvb _K Iiv ZrKvjxb gj cvq wZb nvRvi
KvwU UvKvi m` cvPvi Ki wbq hvq
DZ : bRij Bmjvg, Rvm`i ivRbxwZ, c~ev, cv 113| G AavqwU iPbvq D M
_K cfZ mvnvh bqv nqQ
1 Ub = 27.5 gY

104

208

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

mshvwRZ nZ _vK Ges Abw`K cwZvb wnme AvIqvgx jxM GKwU

ivRbwZK cvUdig cwiYZ nq hvZ cii weivax ^v_mb kYx I ewi
mgvek NU| dj `j wnme AvIqvgx jxM Hme cMwZkxj KgmwP
evevqbi Dchy nq Mo DV bv, hw`I Av`vjbi bZZ _vK ZviB
nvZ|
^vwaKvii Av`vjb 1971 mvj mk ^vaxbZv msMvg ic bq|
msMvgUvK fvev nqwQj RvZxq cwiwaZ mxgve, AfixY evcvi; wK
ci `Lv Mjv Zv wVK bq Ges evBii `ywbqvi fwgKvI Gi cwZ wbic bq|
gvwKb mvgvRev`i bZZ gvIev`x Pxb cvwKvbi c Ges (ZrKvjxb)
mvwfqZ BDwbqbi bZZ mgvRZvwK wek evsjv`ki c Aevb
bq|
gywhyi ga w`qB RbMY c_g cKvk `LZ cvq evOvwj-cvwKvbx
weiva cvwKvbx kwi mv_ mvgvRev`i MuvUQov euvav iqQ| dj
^vaxbZvi ci e`wkK gywRe mKji mv_ ezZ, KviI mv_ kZv bq
bxwZ NvlYv KiI wec`i ezB cKZ ez GB mZ gb PjZ i Kib|
GQvov RvU wbic Av`vjb cfwZ AvRvwZK dvivg mvgvRev` weivax
ee (`ywbqv `yB fvM wefkvlK Ges kvwlZ; Avwg kvwlZi `j) w`Z
_vKb|
Ze cwUeyRvqv mxgveZvi KviYB gywRe m mgq `ki mywbw`
cwiwwZZ mvgvRev`-cuywRev`i wei mevwaK Riix KZe wK wK Ges
Kxfve Zv mv`b Kiv hvq, Zv mwVKfve eyS DVZ mg nb wb|
mvgvRev`K civwRZ KiB evsjv`k ^vaxbZv ARb Ki| wK Lv` I
Dbqbi Rb m Avevi mvgvRev`i DciB wbfikxj| KvRB mvgvRev`i
Dci AwRZ weRqK wec`gy I AcwieZbxq (irreversible) Kivi Rb cqvRb
Lv` ^qsmYZv ARb| Avi evsjv`ki fvMvbqb gvb njv Mvgi
fvMvbqb| GRb cqvRb wQj MvgxY Rxebi weKvki c_ Dby Kivi Rb
MvgxY mvgvwRK KvVvgvZ ecweK cwieZb mvab|
gywhy AskMnYi ga w`q `kevmxi gb mw nqwQj wecyj Drmvn,
Dxcbv, AvZvMi gbvfve I `ki eni KjvYi Rb wbt^v_ KvR Kivi
cwZ| mw nqwQj hyMvKvix mvgvwRK cwieZbi mPbvi Dchy gynZ|
jvwaK exi gywhvv`i ga _K Dchy cwqvi ga w`q MVb Kiv hZv
cqvRbxq Kgxevwnbx| wK ^vwaKvi/^vaxbZv ARb chB gywRei
Av`vjb-msMvgi cqvRb wQj| Mixe gvbyli fvMvbqb, mgvRZ
cwZvGjv Zuvi KvQ hy ev msMvgi welq ej weewPZ nqwb| ZvB wZwb,

mvgvRev`i bxj-bKkv

209

105

210

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

A Rgv w`q hvi hvi KvR wdi hZ gywhvv`i Avnvb Rvbvb| mevwaK
iZ w`q wZwb iPbv Kib msweavb, Abyvb Kib wbevPb6 Ges mgq I kw
eq Kib eyRvqv MYZ I mgvRZi mg^q mvab|
ceB DjwLZ nqQ h, 1969-70 mvj AvIqvgx cvUdig cii
weivax ^v_mb kYx I ewi mgvek NU| L`Kvi gvkZvK, kvn
gvqvg, Zvni Dwb VvKzi cgyL QvovI AvIqvgx jxMi wewfb i
AbKB mvgvRev`i mg_Kiv wQjb| ^vaxbZvi ci Zviv `ji AfiB
26 gvPi NvwlZ bxwZi weivax jex wnme AvwefyZ nq KgmwP evevqbi
kwK Aek Ki `q| Dci, Zviv wbRiv wKsev Zv`i Avkxev`cyiv
wbqvwRZ nb Av^v_ PwiZv_Zvq| cwiZ mw `Lj, jvBm-cviwgUevRx,
ikb I wiwjd mvgMx Pzwi _K i Ki PvivPvjvb, gRyZ`vix,
KvjvevRvixcbv wKQyB ev` cojv bv| Gme KviY 19 Rb mvsm` I 9 Rb
gxi c`I evwZj Kiv nq|
hy wea `k m AvZvMi cUfwgZ gvbyl gywRei NvlYv Avwg
Zvgv`i wZb eQi wKQy w`Z cvie bv gb wbZ mZ wQj| wK wKQy
jvKi `Z cvq nuvUv _K gvmwWR AvivnY mvaviYfve `k GKwU
`ytLRbK nZvkvi mw Ki, ^vaxbZvi fvegwZ web Ki, mevcwi AvIqvgx
jxMi Dci RbMYi Avvi dvUj aivq|
^vaxbZvi ci wKQy w`bi gaB evOi QvZvi gZv MwRq DVv wewfb
mvvwnK, GbvqZ Djvn Lvbi nwjW, nvmb vZqi BdvK7 cfwZ Ges
civwRZ cvwKvb I gvIcx ivRbxwZwe`iv gvIjvbv fvmvbxi QQvqvq
wgwjZ nq AvIqvgx `ybxwZi wei Rnv` AeZxY nq|8 G mgq Muv`i
Dci welduvovi bvq gywRei fvegwZi Dci Rvm`i cP AvNvZ Rbgb
wevwi mw9 Ki| wbRi `ji jvK Ges gywhy AskMnYKvix nIqvq
Zv`i c gywRei wei mivmwi AvgY Kiv mnRmva nq|
gywhyi ci ciB fviZi Avkq _K `k div cvq GK KvwU
kiYv_xi cybevmb, mgy` e`imgni gvBb AcmviY, ijmZzmn hvMvhvM
eev cybtcwZv, GK K_vq ^vaxbZv hyi qwZ (1972 mvj RvwZmsNi

Rixc Abyhvqx ZLbKvi gj 120 KvwU Wjvi) KvwUq DVv wQj eo KwVb
KvR10| KviY `k Znwej ev ^Y gRyZ ejZ wKQyB wQj bv (Avmg_bi ce
cvwKvbx evwnbx mKj UvKv cywoq `q)| 1972-73 mvj mgqZgZv ew bv
nIqvq ci ci `yUv dmj b nq Ges Lv` Avg`vwbi cwigvY eoB Pj|
GKB Zvj eo Pj mvweK NvUwZi11 cwigvY| evsjv`k evsK _K cv
wbi mviYx _K Zv wKQyUv eySv hvq :
eQi
ivwb Avq
Avg`vwb eq
NvUwZ
(KvwU UvKv)
(KvwU UvKv)
(KvwU UvKv)
1972-73
276.85
378.81
(-) 101.96
1973-74
198.33
732.00
(-) 430.67
1974-75
313.58
1,084.23
(-) 770.63
1975-76
555.17
1,470.00
(-) 915.15
ejv evj, hnZz Kg LvIqv I Kwl Z_v Av_-mvgvwRK eevq ecweK
icvi mvab Kiv me njv bv, hnZz g ewaz GB NvUwZ eq gUvbvi
Rb gywReK mvnvhi Rb nvZ cvZZ nq k mvgvRev`i KvQ|
mvgvRev` hb GB mvnvh-cv_bvi AcvZB wQj| 1971 mvji mvgwqK
civRqi cwZkva wbZ m Zrci nq| i Ki gywRei Dci kZ Pvcvbv|12
hgb:

12

7
8

wK KviPzwc nIqvq wbevPb RbMYi wekvmhvMZv ARb mg nq wb

BdvK mK wevwiZ Rvbvi Rb cwiwk 15 co~b
`ybxwZi wei gywRe axi njI eev wbZ i Kib| G AwfhvM ek KRb gx,
mvsm` I `jxq Kgxi m`mc` evwZj Kib| wK hZB ZvK DrLvZi msMvg Zxe nq
ZZB wZwb wbRi `ji Dci wbfi Kib| dj `jK `ybxwZgy Kiv Zuvi Rb KwVb nq
co
G mgq gywRe weivax bvbv aibi PzUwKZ `k mqjve nq hvq

wc.Gj, 48013 gvbZ ne, ew cyuwR wewbqvMi Dci wmwjs Zzj w`Z
ne, we`kx cuywR wewbqvMi wewa-wbla cZvnvi KiZ ne,
KbmwUqvg14 gvbZ ne, GgbwK Mixe evsjv`k wKDevZ `yUv PUi _j

10

11

13

14

G QvovI wQj GKUv Aaxb cv`wkK KvVvgv _K ^vaxb ivi DchvMx ckvmb mw,
KUbwZK ^xKwZ Av`vq, A Dvi, `vjvj I hye`x`i wePvimn bwgwK ivxq
Kvhvejx mv`bi gZv iZc~Y myKwVb KvR
gywhyi dj Kwl Drcv`bi qwZi cwigvY wQj 300 KvwU UvKv| 1972
mvj Lv` Avg`vwbi cwigvY wQj 5.5 KvwU gY Ges NvUwZi cwigvY (101.96 KvwU
UvKv) ZzjbvgyjKfve Kg nIqvi KviY njv Gi AbKUvB cvIqv hvq web cqmvq vY
mvgMx wnme
bRij Bmjvg, c~ev, cv 130
wc.Gj. 480 cwZZ Mgi `vg `kxq gy`v UvKvq cwikva KiZ nq Ges Zv AvgwiKvb
Gcm evsK `Zvevmi GKvDU Rgv nq| GB UvKvi wnme PvIqvi ev wKfve LiP
njv Zv Rvbvi AwaKvi evsjv`k miKvii bB| ejv evj, Gic UvKv wm.AvB.G. wK
aibi KvR eenvi Ki Zv ivRbxwZ-mPZb ew gvB AewnZ AvQb
KbmvwUqvg njv mvgvRev`x `kjvi h_ KwgwU| wekevsKi gvag Zviv mKj
hyw Ki FY/mvnvh MnxZv `ki Rb kZ wi Ki| KbmwUqvg hvM w`j MnxZv `k

mvgvRev`i bxj-bKkv

211

ivwb Kie, Zv-I cvie bv| BZvw`|

gywRe fewQjb, ^vaxbZv msMvgi gZv mgvRZI mKjK wbqB

Kiv hve| h me evOvwj cvwKvbx 22 cwievi nU hvIqvi ci Zv`i KjKviLvbv, eemvq `Lji Avkvq AvIqvgx jxM I ^vaxbZv hy hvM
w`qwQjb, RvZxqKiY I wmwjs NvlYvi bxwZZ Zviv Am nq| iZB
gywRe Zv`i `gb bv Ki m Kivi Pv Kib| AbK wZwb cvb
gvwjK`iB RvZxqKiYKZ KviLvbv cwiPvjbvq wbqvM Ki DfqKj ivi e_
Pv15 Kib|
fwg msvii ejvqI GKB dj njv| cwievi cwZ 100 weNv wmwjs
wbaviY Ki D fwg fwgnxb`i ga ebi bxwZ NvlYv Kiv nq| wK
`kRyo AvIqvgx jxMi wfw njv gjZ Mvgi Aevkvjx Ask; hv`i
AbKB kni DKvjwZmn wewfb ckvq wbqvwRZ wK Mvg wbRi ev
Avxq^Rbi gvag cPzi RwgRgvi (AbycwZ) gvwjK| 25 weNv ch LvRbv
gIKzdi NvlYvq Zviv Lykx njI 100 weNvi wmwjs NvlYvq Zviv Am
nq, (`k gvbyli Zzjbvq fwgi cwigvY GZ Kg h, 100 weNvi wmwjs cKZ
A_ Kvb wmwjsB bq)| wK Zv`i m ivLZ gywRe cwievii msv16
cvvjb| dj fwg msvi njv bv| A_P `ki mvgb DcwZ KZei
wePvi wki RvZxqKiYi PvBZI MvgxY Rxebi ecweK cybMVb wQj AwaK
Riix| Abw`K, 1973 mvji (Avei i) Avie-BmivBj hyi dj m
gy`vxwZi KviY wRwbmci wekl Ki Lv`mn Abvb Avg`vwbKZ cYi
`vg GK jvd KqKY eo hvq| gRyZ`vi-KvjvevRvixiv Gi myhvM MnY
Ki gvbyli Rxeb I `ki A_bxwZK wech Ki Zzj| Aea A I
AvBb-kLjvi AebwZ Gi mv_ hvM nq `k AivRKZvi w`K GZ _vK|
GgZvevq, 1974 mvji Gwcj gvm Abbvcvq nq mk evwnbx Zje
Kiv nq| mvgwiK-Awfhvb ckv`vi `yZKvix`i mv_ wecyj msLK AvIqvgx

15

16

Kvb `vZv `k c_Kfve FYi Rb hZ cvi bv| gywRe miKvi i _KB KbmwUqvg
cwinvi Kivi wmv wbqvwQj
GKw`K RvZxqKiYKZ Kj-KviLvbv I eemvq cwiPvjbvi mv_ hy ewiv `ybxwZi
gvag cPzi Kvjv UvKv ARb Ki Zv mv`v Kivi Rb ew cuywRi Dci wmwjs DwVq
`qv I we`kx cuywRi mv_ h_ wewbqvM AvBbmZ Kivi `vwe Rvbvq; Abw`K cvb
evOvwj cvUKj gvwjK mwgwZ cfwZ MVb Ki BdvKi gvag RvZxqKiYi Kzdj
cPvi Ki Zv ew gvwjKvbvq wdwiq `Iqvi `vwe Rvbvq| Dci Zviv ANvZi
gvag GKwU AivRK cwiwwZI mw Ki| ANvZi Rb cwiwk 7 co~b
wcZv RxweZvevq weevwnZ-AweevwnZ mKj cy`i wbq GK cwievi MY Kivi weavb
cwieZb Ki weevwnZ cyK Avjv`v cwievi Ges Zvi bvgI 100 weNv Rwg ivLvi eev
Kiv nq| Ze, RbKvj AvIqvgx jxMi `vwe wQj mKj Rwg RvZxq KiY Kiv

106

212

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

jxMviI aiv co| vb vb kvmK `ji mv_ mvgwiK evwnbxi weiva `Lv
`q Ges `jxq Pvc gywRe Awfhvb Amgv iLB mvgwiK evwnbxK evivK
wdwiq Avbb| GZ mvgwiK evwnbx AcgvwbZ eva Ki Ges RbMYI nZvk
nq| mvgMxKfve miKvi, AvIqvgx jxM I gywRei Dci RbMYi AvvnxbZv
AviI ew cvq|
GZw`b gywRei Dci gvbyli h GKwU kl fimv wQj Zv b nq hvq|
mvgMxK cwiwwZi KviY gywRei wbRi bRxiwenxb mwq Rbmg_b cwiYZ
nq wbwqZvq ev bxie `kKi fwgKvq| G myhvM AvIqvgx jxMi fZi I
evBii DPvwfjvlxiv 26 gvP 1972-Gi cMwZkxj KgmwPK Pvj Ki| G
iKg cwiwwZZ Ryb 1974 G kZvwi `xNvqx cjqix ebvq cvweZ nq
evsjv`k| `ki e`wkK gy`vi Znwej wbtkwlZ| miKvwi Lv`i `vg
kb|17 abevb eweM I gRyZ`vi`i Mvjvi msiwZ Lv`km msMn Ki Zv
cybebi gvag `ywf gvKvejv Kivi bwZK I mvsMVwbK kw ZZw`b `j
wnme AvIqvgx jxM I ew wnme gywRei Aewk bB| mKji PvLi
mvgb Abvnvi wK Amnvq gvbyl gyL dbv Zzj Xj coZ jvMjv gZzi
Kvj| jvk Qq Mjv iscyi, KzwoMvg, XvKvi ivRc_|
RyjvB gvm (1974) miKvi Zvi bxwZ mskvab Ki ew cuywRi wmwjs 25
j _K evwoq 3 KvwU UvKv wbaviY Ki, we`kx cyuwRi mv_ h_
wewbqvMi Dci wblavv Zzj bq Ges wek evsKi KvQ wPwV wjL
KbmwUqvg MVb Zvi mwZi K_v Rvbvq| wK eKvq`vq co MwnZ gywRei
Gme Avcvm mvgvRev`K Lykx KiZ cvi bv, eis G bvRyK Aev _K
AwaK myweav AvniY m (mvgvRev`) Zrci nq|
`ywfi ci miKvi ev gywRei cwZ gvbyli Avi KvbB Drmvn iBjv bv|
Abw`K, cvq wZb eQii `k kvmbi AwfZvq gywRe `Ljb, `ytLx
gvbyli gyL nvwm dvUvbv Zv `ii K_v, wZwb Zv`i Abvnvi gZzi nvZ
_KB euvPvZ cviQb bv| Ggwb GK cwiwwZZ wZwb 1975 mvji iZ
bZzb c_ `k Pvjvbvi GK weZwKZ (evKkvj) cixvq AeZxY nb|
GfveB gywReK AwbqgZvwK Dcvq AcmviYi cUfwg mw nq|
`xN KqK eQii Abymvb Ges `ykiI ewk mvvrKvii wfwZ gywRe
nZvi bc_Kvwnbx mK RbK we`kx mvsevw`K ejb : 18
...XvKvq AvgwiKvb `Zvevm m-mgq KgiZ gvwKb DPc` KgKZv`i
mvvrKvi _K Ges Aev m^ mgK AewnZ evOvwj gnj _K cvIqv

17
18

gvwKb mvgvRev` evsjv`ki Kbv Mg cvVvZI BQvKZ wej^ Ki zavi Avb NZvwZ
`q
bRij Bmjvg, Rvm`i ivRbxwZ, c~ev, cv 108

mvgvRev`i bxj-bKkv

213

107

214

bZzb Z_ _K `Lv hvq h, ay h kL gywReK nZv Ges DrLvZKvix GB

Kz m^ gvwKb hyiv ce _KB AewnZ wQj, ZvB bq; NUbvi Qq gvm
AvMB gvwKb `Zvevm KgiZ ew`i mv_ kL gywRe DQ`i GB
loh (Plot) RwoZ ew`i AvjvPbv AbywZ nqwQj|
1974 mvji kl kL gywReyi ingvb miKviK DrLvZ KiZ gb ewiv
AvgwiKvb `Zvevmi mv_ hvMvhvM Ki|...1974 mvji bf^i _K
1975 mvji Rvbyqvwii ga `Zvevmi KgKZv`i mv_ Zv`i ci ci
AbKjv eVK (a series of meetings) AbywZ nq|
Gici KUbwZK Ges e`wkK `ii KgKZv chvq hvMvhvMUv wewQb
Kiv njI GB hvMmvRkUv AwaMnY Ki Pvwjq hvIqv nq AvgwiKvb
`Zvevmi wm.AvB.G. kb-cavb wdwjc Pix Ges kbi Ab
GRU`i gvag|

wZwb AviI Rvbvb h,

miKvwifve kL gywRe nZv Ges Zvi miKvii DrLvZUvK aygv

KqKRb ewMZfve z mvgwiK Awdmvi`i KvR ej wPwZ Kiv nq|
GUv GKUv we M (Myth), hw`I AbKi KvQ GB MUvB mZi vb
`Lj Ki AvQ|19

wK cKZ mZ njv 15 AvM 1975 NvZK gRie` Ges

mvgvRev`i BQv I Kg GK we`yZ wgwjZ nq GB bksm NUbv NUQ|
Kjvgwe` MvQ-cv_ii (AavcK wmivRyj Bmjvg Payix) fvlvq :
kL gywReyi ingvb h, GKRb mgvRZx wQjb Ggb `vwe Kivi `iKvi
bB| wK wZwb h cuwRev`i c Zgbfve KvR KiwQjb bv-hgbfve
mvgvRev`x I cuwRev`xiv PvBwQj-mUv gvbZB ne| ZuvK ZvB mi hZ
nqQ AwZ `Z|20

19
20

bRij Bmjvg, Rvm`i ivRbxwZ, c~ev, cv 110

mgq ewnqv hvq, msev`, 18 m^i 1990

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

cwiwk1

^vaxbZvi NvlYvc1
[Abw`Z]
gywRebMi, evsjv`k
10B Gwcj, 1971
hnZz GKwU msweavb cYqbi Dk cwZwbwa wbevPbi Rb 1970
mbi 7B wWm^i nBZ 1971 mbi mbi 17B Rvbyqvwi ch evsjv`k
Aeva wbevPb AbywZ nq,
Ges
hnZz GB wbevPb evsjv`ki RbMY 169 Rb cwZwbwai ga AvIqvgx
jxM `jxq 167 RbK wbevwPZ Kib,
Ges
hnZz msweavb cYqbi Dk Rbvij Bqvwnqv Lvb RbMYi wbevwPZ
cwZwbwaMYK 1971 mbi 3iv gvP ZvwiL wgwjZ nBevi Rb Avnvb Kib,
Ges
hnZz GB AvnZ cwil`-mfv ^QvPvix I eAvBbxfve Awbw`Kvji
Rb wMZ Kiv nq,
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hnZz cvwKvbx KZc Zvnv`i cwZkwZ ivi cwieZ Ges
evsjv`ki cwZwbwaMYi mwnZ AvjvPbv AevnZ _vKv Aevq GKwU Abvq I
wekvmNvZKZvgjK hy NvlYv Ki,
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hnZz GBic wekvmNvZKZvgjK AvPiYi cwicwZ evsjv`ki mvo
mvZ KvwU gvbyli Awemsevw`Z bZv eez kL gywReyi ingvb evsjv`ki
RbMYi AvwbqYi AvBbvbyMZ AwaKvi cwZvi j 1971 mbi 26 k
1

10 Gwcj 1971 gywRebMi NvwlZ I RvwiKZ Ges 23 g 1972 evsjv`k MRUi

AwZwi msLvq cKvwkZ

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215

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108

216

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fviZ-evsjv`k gx Pzw

215

Ges
hnZz GKwU eei I bksm hy cwiPvjbvq cvwKvbx KZc, Abvbi
ga evsjv`ki emvgwiK I wbi RbMYi Dci bwRiwenxb wbhvZb I
MYnZvi AmsL Aciva msNUb KwiqvQ Ges GLbI AbeiZ Kwiqv PwjZQ,
Ges
hnZz cvwKvb miKvi GKwU Abvq hy PvcvBqv w`qv, MYnZv Kwiqv
Ges Abvb `gbgjK KvhKjvci gvag evsjv`ki cwZwbwaMYi c
GKwZ nBqv GKwU msweavb cYqb Ges wbR`i Rb GKwU miKvi cwZv
Kiv Ame Kwiqv ZzwjqvQ,
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hnZz evsjv`ki RbMY Zvnv`i exiZ, mvnwmKZv I wecex Dxcbvi
gvag evsjv`ki fLi Dci Zvnv`i KvhKi KZZ cwZv KwiqvQ,
[mnZz] Avgiv evsjv`ki wbevwPZ cwZwbwaMY, evsjv`ki mevP
gZvi AwaKvix RbMY KZK Avgvw`MK c` KZZi ghv`v iv_, wbR`i
mg^q h_vh_fve GKwU MYcwil`ic MVb Kwijvg, Ges
cviwiK AvjvPbv Kwiqv, Ges
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KiYv_,
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Abygv`b Kwijvg, Ges
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nIqv ch eez kL gywReyi ingvb cRvZi ivcwZ _wKeb Ges mq`
bRij Bmjvg cRvZi Dc-ivcwZ _vwKeb, Ges
ivcwZ cRvZi mKj mk evwnbxi mevwabvqK nBeb,
gv c`kbi gZvmn cRvZi mKj wbevnx I AvBb cYqb gZv
cqvM Kwieb,
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wbqvM gZvi AwaKvix nBeb,
Ki Avivcb I A_ eqb gZvi AwaKvix nBeb,
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evsjv`ki RbMYK GKwU wbqgZvwK I bvqvbyM miKvi c`vbi j
cqvRbxq Abvb mKj Kvh KwiZ cvwieb|

108

216

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Avgiv evsjv`ki RbMYi wbevwPZ cwZwbwaMY AviI wmv MnY

KwiZwQ h, Kvb KviY ivcwZ bv _vKv ev ivcwZ Zuvnvi Kvhfvi MnY
KwiZ Amg_ nIqv ev Zuvnvi gZv cqvM KwiZ Amg_ nIqvi ,
ivcwZi Dci GZviv AwcZ mgy`q gZv, KZe I `vwqZ Dc-ivcwZi
_vwKe Ges wZwb Dnv cqvM I cvjb Kwieb|
Avgiv AviI wmv MnY KwiZwQ h, RvwZgjxi m`m wnmve Avgv`i
Dci h `vq I `vwqZ eZvBe Dnv cvjb I evevqb Kivi Ges RvwZmsNi
mb` gvwbqv Pjvi cwZkwZ Avgiv w`ZwQ|
Avgiv AviI wmv MnY KwiZwQ h, ^vaxbZvi GB NvlYvc 1971
mbi 26k gvP ZvwiL KvhKi nBqvQ ewjqv MY nBe|
Avgiv AviI wmv MnY KwiZwQ h, GB `wjj KvhKi Kivi j Ges
ivcwZ I Dc-ivcwZi kc_ cwiPvjbvi Rb Avgiv AavcK BDmyd AvjxK
Avgv`i h_vh_ gZvcv cwZwbwa wbqvM Kwijvg|
AavcK BDmyd Avjx
evsjv`ki MYcwil`i gZvej I
Z`axb h_vh_fve gZvcv cwZwbwa|

fviZ-evsjv`k gx Pzw

217

cwiwk2

218

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

cwiwk3

nvbv`vi evwnbxi AvmgcY `wjj

fviZ-evsjv`k gx Pzw

INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER SIGNED

AT DACCA AT 16-31 HOURS (IST)1
ON 16 DEC 1971

AbyQ` GK
PzwKvix DP ghv`vmb Dfq c ^ ^ `ki RbMY h Av`ki Rb
GKhvM msMvg Ges ^v_ ZvM KiQb, mB Av`k AbycvwYZ nq ghv`vi m
NvlYv KiQb h, Dfq `k Ges Z_vKvi RbMYi ga `xNvqx kvw I
gx eRvq _vKe| GK Acii ^vaxbZv, mvefgZ I AvwjK ALZvi cwZ
mvb c`kb Kie Ges Acii AfixY evcvi nc _K weiZ
_vKe| PzwKvix DP ghv`vmb Dfq c DjwLZ bxwZgvjvi wfwZ Ges
cviwiK mgZv I mvbRbK bxwZmgni wfwZ Dfq `ki gaKvi eZgvb
ezZc~Y mycwZekxmyjf mvweK mnhvwMZvi mKi Aviv Dbqb Rvi`vi
Kie|

The PAKISTAN Eastern Command agree to surrender all PAKISTAN Armed

forces in BANGLADESH to Lieutenant-General JAGJIT SINGH AURORA,
General Officer Conmanding in Chief of the Indian and BANGLADESH forces in
the Eastern Theatre. This surrender includes all PAKISTAN land, air and naval
forces as also all para-military forces and civil armed forces. The forces will lay
down their arms and surrender at the places where they are currently located to the
nearest regular troops under the command of Lieutenant-General JAGJIT SINGH
AURORA.
The PAKISTAN Eastern Command shall come under the orders of Lieutenant
General JAGJIT SINGH AURORA as soon as this instrument has been signed.
Disobedience of orders will be regarded as a breach of the surrender terms and will
be dealt with in accordance with the accepted laws and usages of war. The decision
of Lieutenant-General JAGJIT SINGH AURORA will be final, should any doubt
arise as to the meaning or interpretation of the surrender terms.
Lieutenant-General JAGJIT SINGH AURORA gives a solemn assurance that
persennel who surrender shall be treated with dignity and respect that soldiers are
entitled to in accordance with the provisions of the GENEVA Convention and
guarantees the safety and well heing of all PAKISTAN military and para-military
forces who surrender. Protection will be provided to foreign nationals, ethnic
minorities and personel of WEST PAKISTAN origin by the foreces under the
command of Lieutenant General JAGJIT SINGH AURORA.

(JAGJIT SINGH AURORA)

Lieutenant-General
General Officer Commanding in Chief
Indian and BANGLADESH Forces in
the Eastan Theatre
16 Decomber 1971

109

(AMIR ABDULLAH KHAN NIAZI)

Lieutenant-General
Martial Law Administrator Zone B and
Commander Eastarn Command (PAKISTAN)
16 Decomber 1971

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1972
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1973
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112

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1972
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wegvbe`i 110 fwi mvbv AvUK|
6 Avei 1972 ZjeKZ mvgwiK ewnbx cZvnvi|
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`vKvb `egj ZvwjKv UvOvbvi wb`k `vb|
Aeafve Lv` cvPvii `vq bvivqYM 69 Rb MdZvi|
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1,783 Rb eemvqxi wWjviwkc evwZj|
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16wU `vKvbi jvBm mvgwqK-wMZ|
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113

226

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1974
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12 Rb Awdmvi AcmvwiZ|
8 Rb Awdmvi AcmvwiZ|
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bf^i 05 :
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227

114

228

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wkv gYvjqi WcywU mUvwi eiLv|
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1975
XvKv KUb wgjm gvbRgUi Pqvigvb, kwgK bZv I
mvsm` Ave`yj gvbvb gZvi Aceenvii AwfhvM
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PvivPvjvb I KvjvevRvwii Rb gZz` Av`k Rvwi|
mbvevwnbxi wjZ wewfb mxgv 50 Rb PvivPvjvbKvix
wbnZ|
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KgPvwi MdZvi|
XvKv, bvivqYM mvo 7 jvL fqv ikbKvW evwZj|
ikb `ybxwZi mv_ RwoZ`i Rb kvw NvlYv|
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cwiwk6

`yecbvi NUbvcw
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21 :
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29 :
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Ryb 7 :
9:
13 :
15 :
25 :
RyjvB 13 :
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1972
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nvvgvq 4 Rb wbnZ|
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kni (XvKv) mv AvBb Rvwi Ki Ni Ni Zjvkx i|
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229

115

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AvwRgcyi gvBb weviY| 3wU wki cvYnvwb|
XvKv kni `yal WvKvwZ| jvwaK UvKv wQbZvB|
PMvg jvjw`wNZ me`jxq mfvq evgv weviY| 20 Rb
AvnZ|
hkvi nvgjvq QvbZv Avmg Ave`yi ie AvnZ|
cywi`v evRvi cywjki wjZ 2 ew wbnZ|
XvKv I PMvg AevwZ MvjhvM mvo 3k ew
MdZvi|
PMvg AvRvwZK gy`v PvivPvjvbKvix`j MdZvi|
w`bvRcyi mj weviY 6 ew wbnZ|
AvZZvqxi wjZ eZvi-wUwf I PjwP wkx ivRy Avng`
wbnZ|
kni eng wQbZvB| XvKv Wgiv ivW RbZv evsKi 6
jvL UvKv I evi Mvwo wQbZvB| WvBfvi wbnZ|

deqvwi 17 :

1973
eezi evmfebi mvgb nvZevgvmn GK ew MdZvi|
AvZZvqxi wjZ gVevwoqvi mveK GgwmG kIMvZzj Avjg
wbnZ|
AvIqvgx jxM KZK bvc (gv.) Awdm AwMmshvM|
gIjv UvBj wgj WvKvwZ| `ojvL UvKvi mZv wbq
PU|
wegvbe`i 110 evi mvbv AvUK|
Kmevq 21 Rb `yZKvix MdZvi|
PzqvWvv Rj f 152 Kqw` I nvRwZi cjvqb|
cjvZK 36 Rb Kqw` cybivq MdZvi|
cv Awdm WvKvwZ| 87 nvRvi UvKv wbq PU|
mxZvKz `yZKvixi wjZ 12 Rb wbnZ|
evoeKz 100 Rb MdZvi|
wmjU cywjki wjZ GK ew wbnZ|

19 :
28 :
30 :
g 29 :

24 :
26 :
gvP 10 :
:
:
21 :
:
28 :
29 :
Gwcj 3 :
13 :
18 :

30 :
Ryb 1 :
3:
4:
:
:

bIqvecyii `vKvb `yZKvix`i nvbv| Zv`i wbw

MbW 12 Rb c_Pvix AvnZ|
XvKvi wZbwU GjvKvq Kvdz| PvivBgvj Dvi| 14 ew
MdZvi|
m`xc nvZevgv weviY 6 Rb wbnZ, 25 Rb AvnZ|
gyxM 64 Rb MdZvi| Pxbv Aqvijm I A Dvi|
dwi`cyi gvRvddi bvc cv_xmn 4 RbK wcwUq nZv|
20 gvPi (1973) ga e-AvBbx A Rgv`vbi Rb
cavbgxi wb`k|
XvKv kni GK Nvi eeavb `yUv evsK WvKvwZ|
`Lj`vi Avgj BmyKZ mKj AvMqvi jvBm evwZj|
XvKv gwWKj KjR nvmcvZvj 1 evwK wcwUq nZv|
Qv`i DQLj AvPiY ivRkvnx miKvwi KjR K`i
wWMx cixv evwZj|
Kzwgjvq KjR cixvK` wkK QywiKvnZ; 64 Rb Qv
MdZvi|
e`i evRvi evsK WvKvwZ| z RbZvi cnvi Pvi
ZiYi gZz|
Kzwqvi `jZcyi _vbvi ZKvjvnvU wewWAvii wjZ 3
Rb wbnZ, 7 Rb AvnZ|
Mvqvj` RbZvi cnvi `yRb WvKvZi gZz|
gywM Div evsK WvKvwZ|
ivRkvnxi wbD gvKU AMYx evsK WvKvwZ|
dwi`cyii bwoqvq wbR evmfeb AvZZvqxi wjZ AvIqvgx
jxMi mvsm` bij nK wbnZ|
wmjU 1 ivZ 22 evwoZ WvKvwZ|
XvKvi ZRZzwi evRvi wifjevi DuwPq weAviwUwmi 54
nvRvi UvKv wQbZvB|
iscyii my`iM _vbvq wiwjd-Pqvigvb I AvIqvgx jxM
bZv AvdRvj nvmb miKvi `yZKvixi wjZ wbnZ|
KvwjqvKi _vbvi (MvRxcyi) P`v Mvg mk `yZKvix KZK
UvvBj KUbwgji 17,000UvKv wQbZvB|
ewikvji gyjvw`Z `yZKvix `ji nvZ GKB cwievii 6
Rb Lyb|
wmivRMi gyLejvB Mvg wez RbZvi nvZ 6 mk ew
wbnZ|

`yecbvi NUbvcw

Ryb 4 :
6:
:
7:
9:
:
10 :
11 :
:
12 :
13 :
18 :
:
19 :
22 :
:
23 :
26 :
:
28 :
29 :
:
:

231

dwi`cyii Kvwkqvbx _vbvq AvIqvgx jxM bZv KvRx bij

nvwjg wjZ wbnZ|
c~evjx evsKi XvKv wWqvg kvLv _K 68 nvRvi UvKv
wQbZvB|
ZRMuvI GjvKvq wRbvZ UUvBj wgji 3 jvL 62 nvRvi
UvKv wQbZvB KiZ wMq z RbZvi wcUzwbZ 5 WvKvZ
wbnZ|
cvebvq Rj f 7 Kqw`i cjvqb|
gvBRw` KvU ixevwnbxi wjelYi cwZev` niZvj|
Kzwqv Rjvi Kvgvjcyi Mvg `yZKvixi wjZ 1 Rb
gwnjvmn 5 Rb wbnZ|
cvebvq Rj-cjvZK 4 Rbi wjwe jvk Dvi|
bvhgji Kvco wew wbq XvKvq wewfb `vKvb nvvgv|
Kvco jyU| cywjki jvwVPvR 32 Rb AvnZ| `vKvb e|
iscyi Rjvi cxiMvQv _vbv jyU|
Lyjbvi dwKinvU _vbvi eZvMx duvwoZ nvgjv|
eovi MveZjx _vbvq nvgjv|
ewikvji ivRvcyi _vbvi KvUvLvjx duvwoZ `yZKvix`i
nvgjv| wjZ 3 `yZKvix wbnZ|
ivRkvnxi bqvgZcyi _vbvi QvZiv duvwo jyU|
ewikvji bjwQwU _vbvi KvUvLvjx duvwoZ nvgjv|
fvjvi Pi dvkb RbZv evsK _K wZb jvwaK UvKv
jyU|
Kzwqvi `jZcyi _vbvi gvwaqv duvwo jyU|
gvwbKM fqven gvBb weviY URvwii GKvsk wbw|
cywjkmn 6 Rb AvnZ|
hkvi 34 Nvevcx Kvdz| 100 Rb MdZvi| e A I
cwiZ evwo Dvi|
ewikvji KuvVvwjqv _vbvi Avgyqv duvwo jyU|
RbZvi cnvi Rq`ecyi (MvRxcyi) 5 WvKvZ wbnZ|
wewk mvsevw`K wmivRDwb nvmb AcZ|
PMvgi Bvb widvBbvwii kwgK`i Dci ixevwnbxi
wjelY 1 Rb wbnZ| 2 Rb AvnZ| cwZev` widvBbvwimn
wewfb cwZvb kwgK agNU|
ivgMoi Rvwjqv duvwoZ nvgjv|

116

232

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

RyjvB : 2 :
:
RyjvB 3 :
:
5:
9:
:
12 :
19 :
20 :
23 :
:
25 :
:
:
26 :
27 :
30 :
:
AvM 1 :
2:
3:
5:
7:
9:
10 :
:

fvjvq jvjgvnb _vbv jyU|

Kwl wekwe`vjq (gqgbwmsn) MvWi wjZ 1 Rb Qv
wbnZ, KqKRb AvnZ|
Lyjbvi gvojM _vbvi ZwjMvwZ duvwoZ nvgjv|
XvKvq weRq bMii KvQ cKvk w`evjvK A DuwPq mvo
cbiv nvRvi UvKv wQbZvB|
gyjvw` _vbvq Lvmi nvU cywjk duvwoZ `yZKvix `ji
nvgjv| A jyU|
XvKvi e`ievRvi _vbvi Awjcyiv duvwo jyU|
MvcvjMi cvUMuvw_qv duvwoZ nvgjv|
ewikvji evDdj _vbvi aywjqv duvwo jyU|
dvgMU Div evsK WvKvwZ; 1 jvL 29 nvRvi UvKv I
wecyj cwigvY mvbv wbq `ye`j DavI|
`kevcx Zjvwk Awfhvb mvgwiK evwnbx Zje|
Kzwgjvi Pvw`bv _vbvi ivbxPi Mvg RbZvi wcUzbxZ 7 WvKvZ
wbnZ|
kni mv AvBb Rvwi Ki Zjvwk Awfhvb i| wbD
gvKUi cwiZ `vKvbmgn ZvjveKiY|
gywMi jnRs _vbv jyU|
dwi`cyii KvZvqvjx _vbvi ivgK wgkb duvwo jyU|
Lyjbvi gsjv e`ii KvQ hvxevnx j WvKvwZ, `o jvL
UvKvi cY jyU|
jnRs -G icvjx evsK 2 jvwaK UvKv jyU|
ivRkvnx Rj MvjhvM|
PMvgi evqvjLvjx _vbvq nvgjv|
gqgbwmsni MdiMuvI _vbvi `iMuvI duvwoZ nvgjv|
gvwbKMi wNIi _vbvi RveWv duvwoZ nvgjv| 10 Rb
nZvnZ|
Kzwqvi wgicyi _vbvi Avgjv duvwoZ nvgjv|
PMvg mv AvBb Rvwi Ki Zjvwk Awfhvb|
bswmsw`i wkecyi _vbvq nvgjv|
ewikvji eveyM _vbvq cywjk duvwoZ nvgjv|
Kzwqvq wgicyi _vbvi AMvg duvwoZ nvgjv|
gqgbwmsni CkiM _vbvi DuPvwLjv duvwo jyU|
PMvgi mvZKvwbqv _vbvi PzbvwU duvwoZ nvgjv|

`yecbvi NUbvcw

AvM 10 :
13 :
:
:
:
14 :
15 :
20 :
22 :
:
23 :
25 :
:
30 :
m^i 1 :
:
2:
3:
7:
13 :
14 :
17 :
20 :
24 :
:

233

wmjUi weqvbx evRvi _vbvi ivbevRvi WvKvwZ| 3 jvL

UvKvi gvjvgvj jyU|
PMvg MbW PvR Ki evsK WvKvwZ| 73 nvRvi UvKv jyU|
cUzqvLvjxi cv_iNvUvi vbcvov ivi Awdm jyU|
ewikvji ^icKvwV _vbvi B`invU duvwo jyU|
MvRxcyii Kvcvwmqv _vbvq nvgjv|
XvKv knii KqKvb MvjhvM|
cveZ PMvgi jvgv _vbvi dZvb duvwoZ nvgjv|
jnRs-G j WvKvwZ; mk `ye`i mv_ ixevwnbxi 3
Nvevcx wj wewbgq|
PMvg wgj nvZevgv wbc| 10 Rb AvnZ|
m`iNvU mvbvjx evsK WvKvwZ| bvBU MvW Lyb| jvLUvKv
jyU|
Kzwgjv Rjvi nvgbv _vbvi P`bcyiv duvwo jyU|
e`i evRvi _vbvi Avb`evRvi nvU jyU| AcniY|
Kzwqvi Avjvni `iMv duvwoZ `yZKvix `ji nvgjv| GK
`yZKvix wbnZ|
PMvg nvwdRv wgj `yZKvix `ji nvgjv| 2 jvL 16
nvRvi UvKv wbq DavI|
gqgbwmsni wkvj _vbvi avbxLvjv duvwo jyU|
Kzwqvi PzqvWvv _vbvi kirM duvwoZ nvgjv|
AvwiPv dwiZ ixevwnbx I `ye`i ga wjZ 4 Rb
wbnZ|
dwi`cyii KvZvqvjx _vbvi Puv`cyi duvwo jyU|
PMvgi mvZKvwbqvq mbvevwnbxi Awfhvb 60 Rb `ye
wbnZ|
PMvgi cwUqv _vbvi Kvjvcyi duvwoZ nvgjv|
gNbve j WvKvwZ| GK jvL UvKv jyU|
beveM _vbvi evMgviv evRvi `yZKvixi wjZ 3 Rb
wbnZ|
ewikvji Mib`x _vbvi mvwidj duvwoZ nvgjv|
`okZ _vbvq ixevwnbx gvZvqb|
RqcyinvUi RvgvjM evRvi c~evjx evsK WvKvwZ| 27
nvRvi UvKv I 44 fwi mvbv wbq PU|

117

234

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

m^i 28 :
29 :
Avei 2 :
3:
4:
:
6:
:
7:
:
:
:
8:
9:
:
10 :
11 :
12 :
13 :
:
15 :
17 :
:
:
:
21 :
:

ivRkvnxi evMgviv _vbvi `vgbvm cywjk duvwo jyU| wj

wewbgq| 8 cywjk I 7 Pigcx wbnZ|
ivRvkvnxi gvv _vbvi `jevwoqv nvU duvwo _K Amn 4
cywjk AcZ|
cKvk w`evjvK ivRc_ bMvb DuwPq 2 jvL 60 nvRvi
UvKv wQbZvB|
wmivRMi kvnRv`cyi ixevwnbxi mv_ wjwewbgq; 8 Rb
`yZKvix wbnZ|
gvwbKMi mvUzwiqv evRvi, _vbv, Aqvijm kb I
Lv``vg jyU| wjZ 4 cywjk AvnZ|
kL mvne evRvi wcwUq WvKvZ nZv|
`ywU vb `yZKvix`i nvgjv| 9 Mvgevmx wbnZ| _vbv
jyUi Pv cwZnZ|
bKvYvi evinvv _vbvq nvgjv|
bvwRgDwb ivW 1 RbK wcwUq nZv|
PMvgi ivywbqv ebiv duvwo Avv| 1 Rb wbnZ|
ivqcyivi Mvg 3 WvKvZK wcwUq nZv|
PzqvWvvq `yB ivwZ 14wU nZvKv|
bqvgZcyi _vbvq 4 cywjki A wQbZvB|
hkvii nwiYvKzy _vbv jyU|
mvUzwiqv _vbvi 28 cywjk mvgwqK eiLv|
XvKvq 6 RbK wcwUq nZv|
ivRavbxZ 5 RbK wcwUq nZv|
PzqvWvv Rj _K 14 Kqw`i cjvqb|
Kzwqvq wgicyi _vbvq nvjmv duvwo jyU|
UvvBji cvovevwo duvwoZ nvgjv|
bvivqYM mvbvjx evsKi AvovB jvL UvKv wQbZvB|
e`i evRvi cywjki mv_ wj wewbgq| 2 `yZKvix
wbnZ|
Iwmmn nwiYvKz _vbvi 13 cywjk eiLv|
Kzwqvi GKwU cywjk duvwoZ nvgjv| wji gyL `yZKvix`i
cjvqb|
Kzwqvi wgicyi _vbvi Lvw`gcyi duvwoZ nvgjv|
DwRicyi _vbvi nviZ duvwo jyU; cywjk wbnZ|
hvxevnx j WvKvZi nvgjv| jvwaK UvKv jyU|

`yecbvi NUbvcw

Avei 23 :
24 :
:
25 :
26 :
:
27 :
28 :
30 :
bf^i 1 :
:
2:
3:
6:
7:
8:
9:
12 :
14 :
:
22 :
23 :
:
24 :
28 :
29 :

235

ivRkvnxi Zvbvi _vbvi cuvPb`vi duvwoZ jyU|

m`iNvU Uvwgbvj inmRbK Lyb|
ivRkvnxi PviwU mxgv GjvKvq Kvdz Rvwi|
dwi`cyii evwjqvKvw` _vbv jyU|
gnw`M _vbvi fvmvbPi cywjkduvwo jyU|
Rq`ecyii dzjevwo evRvi 3 WvKvZK wcwUq nZv|
2 Rb QvK wcwUq nZv|
cUzqvLvjxi cv_iNvU _vbv jyU| 2 cywjk wbnZ|
ewikvj Rjvq wPibx Zjvwk|
ejav MvWbi cyew`Ki ivvq cKvk w`evjvK AvovB
jvL UvKv wQbZvB| evsK MvW wbnZ|
evMinvUi wezcyi Mvgi GKwU evwo _K 52wU ivBdj I
8 ev wj Dvi|
UvvBji cv_ivBj cywjkduvwo jyU| ci 4 bf^i me cywjk
mvmc|
jnRs _vbvi g`bxgj Mvg 3 WvKvZK wcwUq nZv|
gvnv`cyi evwo `LjK K` Ki ixevwnbxi mv_ wj
wewbgq| 1 Rb wbnZ, 9 Rb AvnZ|
iscyi iwevwnbxi wjZ 6 `yZKvix wbnZ|
bvivqYMi e`i _vbvq ixevwnbxi mv_ wj wewbgqKvj
1 `yZKvix wbnZ|
Kzwqvq AvjgWvv _vbvi AvwjqvZbMi Mvg 5 Rb Lyb|
wgicyi cywjki MvwoZ wj| 3 Rb RLg|
WcywU GUwb Rbvij QywiKvnZ|
mbvevwnbx KZK my`ieb `ye`i Mvcb NuvwU NivI|
wmjUi evjvM _vbv I cv Awdm jyU| ci 26 bf^i
Iwmmn 12 cywjk mvmc|
eywoMvi Icvi cywjki mv_ `yZKvix`i `oNv wj
wewbgq|
MvRxcyii KvwjM _vbvi evivevRvi duvwoZ nvgjv|
PMvg wmbgv nj AwMmshvM| cywjki duvKv AvIqvR|
`yZKvix wbnZ| 25 Rb MdZvi|
ivRkvnxZ wj wewbgq| 3 DMcxi AvmgcY|
gZje _vbv jyU| 1 cywjk I 1 `yZKvix wbnZ|

118

236

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

bf^i 30 :
:
wWm^i 4 :
:
5:
8:
12 :
:
15 :
:
:
25 :
26 :
Rvbyqvwi 5 :
10 :
12 :
13 :
:
26 :
27 :
deqvwi 1 :
:
3:
10 :

eMg gywbiv nZv|

wSbvB`n Pigcx`i mv_ cywjki wj wewbgq| 1 Rb
wbnZ, 6 Rb MdZvi|
jnRs-G WvKNi jyU|
gqgbwmsni AvVvievwoZ `ye-cywjk wj wewbgq| 5 Rb
wbnZ, 7 Rb MdZvi|
gvwbKMi wmvBi _vbvq nvgjv|
PMvg e`i GjvKvi `vwqZ mbvevwnbxi nvZ AcY|
PMvgi P`Nvbv _vbv jyU|
jxcyi _vbvi w`Njx duvwo jyU|
ewikvji bjwQwU _vbvq nvgjv|
gyxMi jnRs _vbvq cybt nvgjv|
gvwbKM _vbvq mk nvgjv|
avgivB _vbvi Iwm wjwe|
cywjki j `ye`i wjelY| Lvjvmx wbnZ|
1974
C`i w`b ivRavbxZ 6wU bksm nZvKv|
fvjvi RvZxq msm` m`m gvZvnvi Dwb AvZZvqxi wjZ
wbnZ|
cvebvq AvIqvgx jxM bZv Lyb|
^icKvwVZ AvIqvgx jxM bZv Lyb|
RbRxeb kvw I AvBbkLjv AUzU ivLZ kni 144
aviv Rvwi| mfv-wgwQj wbwl|
MdiMuvI _vbv Avv| cywjki mv_ `yZKvix`i wj
wewbgq| AvIwjqvbMi ij mZzi wZ mvab|
XvKv Rji cnwi Avv| 26 Rb MdZvi|
wifjevi DuwPq evsjv GKvWgxZ wQbZvB|
1973 mvj wewfb mwnmsZvq 1,896 Rbi cvYnvwb NUQ
ej msm` ^ivgxi Z_ cKvk|
hkvi Rjv Rvm` mfvcwZ gvkviid nvmb AvZZvqxi
wjZ wbnZ|
bMievwo NvUi KvQ Rvqvwiqv Mvg MbW weviY 5 wk
wbnZ|

`yecbvi NUbvcw

deqvwi 13 :
20 :
23 :
gvP 1 :
2:
5:
7:
9:
15 :
16 :
24 :
28 :
31 :
Gwcj 1 :
8:
12 :
13 :
15 :
:
17 :
18 :
19 :
:
:
:
20 :
:

237

gv`vixcyi AvIqvgx jxM bZv kvnRvnvb mi`vi AvZ

AvZZvqxi eyjU wbnZ|
cvebv Rjv AvIqvgx jxM KvhKwi cwil`i m`m I
nvwqvj BDwbqb wiwjd KwgwUi Pqvigvb MYwcUzbxZ
wbnZ|
Lyjbvq `vivMv Lyb|
hkvi wjZ Rjv AvIqvgx jxM cavb mn 3 Rb
ivRbwZK Kgx Lyb|
Lyjbvq Lvb G. meyii Mn nvZevgv weviY|
XvKv kni WvKvwZ| 75 nvRvi UvKv I 40 fwi mvbv wbq
IavI|
cvebvi Mvg msNl ixevwnbxi WcywU wjWvi wbnZ|
gvnv`cyi RbZv evsK _K 70 nvRvi UvKv WvKvwZ|
bvivqYM RbZv evsK WvKvwZ| 3 jvL 33 nvRvi UvKv
jyU|
nvwZiw`qvq AvZZvqxi wjZ MvRx dRjyi ingvb Gg.wc.
Lyb|
kxcyi AvIqvgx jxMi 2 bZv wbnZ|
3 Rb msNe cvmcvU RvjKvix AvUK|
hkvi nvU jyU; wjZ 1 Rb wbnZ| nvU jyU|
cvebvq AvIqvgx jxM bZv Lyb|
cvebvq 3wU Pvji bKv jyU|
MvcvjMi KvQ j WvKvwZ| 2 Rb wbnZ| 3 cywjk
AvnZ|
evMinvU WvKvZi mv_ wj wewbgq 2 cywjk wbnZ|
bvivqYMi wewfbvb 4 ew Lyb|
ivRkvnx Rj _K 6 Kqw`i cjvqb|
Lyjbvq dwKinvU 2Rb Pqvigvb Lyb|
ewikvji gyjv`xZ 3 hyejxM Kgx wbnZ|
iscyi-eov moK UvK AvUK Ki 2 jvL UvKvi mZv jyU|
Rij nK nj (Xvwe) Zjvwk| A Dvi|
UvvBji bvMicyi _vbvi Mvivb _K A Dvi|
gqgbwmsn AvZZvqxi wjZ AvIqvgx jxM bZv wbnZ|
ivRkvnxZ evsK jyU|
gqgbwmsn Pj Ub WvKvwZ| 7 hvx AvnZ|

119

238

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Gwcj 22 :
24 :
26 :
29 :
:
30 :
:
:
g 22 :
29 :
Ryb 03 :
08 :
:
11 :
13 :
23 :
RyjvB 10 :
12 :
13 :
18 :
22 :
26 :
AvM 12 :
21 :
23 :
24 :

bKvYvq 3 AvIqvgx jxM Kgx Lyb|

mgvR wekLjv mwKvix`i `gbi Rb emvgwiK
KZcK mnvqZv Kivi Rb mvgwiK evwnbxi cwZ cavb
gxi wb`k `vb|
iscyi I wmjU 144 aviv Rvwi|
Mvcb UvKkvj cywjki nvbv| 13 Rb MdZvi|
Kzwgjvq ivRbwZK bZvmn 60 ew MdZvi|
ivRkvnx I gqgbwmsn wcwUq 9 WvKvZ nZv|
eovq Pqvigvb Lyb|
cywjki wekl kvLv KZK XvKv _K 1.28 j UvKvi bKj
bvU Dvi I RwoZ m`n 13 Rb MdZvi|
ewikvj kni evk-dvqvi hyejxM Kgxmn 3 Rb wbnZ| 61
Rb MdZvi|
KivbxMi PzbKwUqvq evk-dvqvi 3 Qv wbnZ|
dbxZ `ytmvnwmK Ub WvKvwZ| 1 hvx wbnZ, 2 Rb AvnZ|
Pj Ub _K 4 Rb evBi wbw|
bvivqYM evk-dvqvi 2 QvjxM Kgx wbnZ, 1 Rb AvnZ|
MbW weviY; XvKv wekwe`vjq e NvlYv|
h_ Awfhvb Pvwjq XvKv wekwe`vjq cvb _K 2 jvL
ivD wj Dvi|
gv`vixcyi AvIqvgx jxMi Avqx mvaviY mv`K nvibyi
iwk` wgi AvZvqxi wjZ wbnZ|
aycPvwQqv _vbvq AvgY| 2 cywjk AvnZ, 60 Rb MdZvi|
ewikvj wjZ AvIqvgx jxM bZv wbnZ|
wjZ gbvniw` _vbvi Iwm wbnZ|
ewikvji eveyM _vbv jyU| Iwmmn 15 cywjk mvmc|
XvKv ii wWAvBwR mvmc| 5 Awdmvi AcmvwiZ|
Mvwiqvi KvQ fqven Ub WvKvwZ| 1 Rb wbnZ|
kwdDj Avjg cavbmn 24 Rbi wei cywjki PvRwkU
`vwLj|
kxbMi _vbv AvIqvgx jxM bZv Lyb|
jnRs-G Mg evSvB bKv jyU|
Puv`cyii nvwRMi KvQ WvKvZ-cywjk wj wewbgq| 7 Rb
MdZvi|
w`bvRcyi 4 wewWAvi eiLv; cZKi 6 gvm Ki
Kviv`|

`yecbvi NUbvcw

28 :
m^i 3 :
5:
21 :
30 :
Avei 1 :
11 :
12 :
26 :
bf^i 1 :
2:
15 :
:
24 :
:
25 :
wWm^i 2 :
:
3:
:
6:
:
10 :
13 :
14 :
15 :
:
:
17 :

239

bKvYvi g`b _vbv jyUi Pv e_| Kbej wbnZ|

ewikvji UiwKZ evsK jyU|
gviv Rjv AvIqvgx jxMi mn-mfvcwZ gayKz wjZ
wbnZ|
Lyjbvq nvZevgv weviY| 2 Rb AvnZ|
bMievwoi KvQ `ywU avb I jeYi bKv jyU|
bMievwo NvU 4wU Lv` evSvB bKv jyU|
PMvg bvkbvj KUbwgj Avbmvi`i wjelY| 3 Rb
wbnZ| wgjcvY mbvevwnbx gvZvqb|
ewikvji mvne-ivgcyi ixevwnbxi duvwoZ nvgjv| 10
`yZKvix wbnZ|
nvwg` gvnv` Avjx Lyb|
Lyjbvq ixevwnbxi mv_ msNl 9 `yZKvix wbnZ|
XvKvi eywoMvq 2wU j WvKvwZ| 2 jvL UvKvi gvj jyU|
gNbvq j WvKvwZ| 6wU ivBdjmn 5 jvL UvKv jyU|
nweMi mq`cyi evRvi jyU|
eovi MveZjx _vbv jyUi Pv e_|
ewikvji KuvVvwjqv _vbvi KvQ cywjki KvQ _K 2wU
ivBdj wQbZvB|
ixevwnbxi 2 Rb wjWvi PvKwi _K AcmvwiZ|
ivRevwoZ QvjxM bZv Lyb|
kj dU mvfvi 5 Rb wbnZ|
`yZKvixi wjZ mveK GgwmG Avwgbywb Avng`i gZz|
cveZ PMvg 2wU cywjk duvwo jyU|
ivqcyiv _vbvi `yjvjKvw` Znwkj Awdm jyU|
fovgvivq cywjk-`yZKvix wj wewbgq|
gvnv`cyi AvIqvgx ^QvmeKevwnbx cavb wbnZ|
ivRavbxZ evsjvi evYx Awdm, bvc (gvRvddi) Awdm,
ciiv gYvjq, evsjv`k Qv BDwbqb Awdm Ges
webv`b Awdm cUKv I gjvUf KKUj wbc|
bvivqYM I Lyjbvq cUKv I nvZevgv weviY|
ivR`cyi ijjvBb AcmviY| Ub `yNUbvq 2 Rb wbnZ|
hkvi evm gjvUf KKUj weviY| 15 Rb AvnZ|
ivRavbxi KqKwU vb gjvUf KKUj wbc|
Kzwqvi nvmjv evRvi I kb jyU|

120

240

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

19 :
wWm^i 25 :

Rvbyqvwi 4 :
6:
10 :
:
12 :
14 :
31 :
deqvwi 2 :
3:
:
4:
:
6:
23 :
gvP 2 :
8:
11 :
14 :
:

Kzwqvq ivBdj wQbZvB| Avbmvi eyjUwe|

Kzwqvq `ywU c_K C`i RvgvZ msm` m`m Mvjvg
wKewiqv Ges GKRb BDwbqb cwil` Pqvigvb wbnZ|
1975
gnicyii GKwU _vbvq `yZKvix`i nvgjv| cywjki m
wj wewbgq 4 `yZKvix wbnZ|
agNU, mfv I wgwQj wbwl NvlYv|
XvKv kni 3 AvIqvgx jxM Kgx Lyb|
cvebvi eov _vbvq AvZZvqxi wjZ 7 Rb wbnZ|
bvci gyvMvQv _vbv mfvcwZ kx bib Ki AvZZvqxi wjZ
wbnZ|
gNbve j WvKvwZ| Avbmvi AvnZ| 4kv ivD wjmn
8wU ivBdj wQbZvB|
wSbvB`ni A`ieZx mvaynvwU miKvwi Kwl Lvgvi `vg jyU|
4 gwnjvmn 12 `yZKvwi MdZvi|
Kzwqvi KvwWj`n Mvg `yZKvix `ji mv_ cywjki wj
wewbgq| 2 Rb `yZKvix wbnZ, 30 Rb MdZvi|
ivRavbxi Kge gwZwSj GjvKvq `ojvL UvKv wQbZvB|
`yZKvix`i wjZ 2 Rb wbnZ|
gNbve `yal j WvKvwZ| 2 Rb QywiKvnZ|
hkvii msm` m`m gqbDwb wgqvRx AvZ ewi
wjZ AvnZ|
jvjevM Kjvi cQb WvKvZi wjZ 1 Rb wbnZ I 1 Rb
AvnZ| 80 nvRvi UvKvi gvjvgvj jyU|
gqgbwmsni civYMi AvIqvgx hye jxM bZv Avym
mvenvb AvZZvqxi wjZ wbnZ|
bKvbvi msm` m`m Avyj LvjK AvZZvqxi wjZ
wbnZ| 7 Rb MdZvi|
ivvgvwUZ cywjki wjZ 3 Rb wbnZ|
dwi`cyi wjZ evKkvj m`m wbnZ|
wSbvB`n `yei wjZ GKRb evKkvj bZvmn 5 Rb
wbnZ|
MvBevvq wjZ evKkvji GKRb gwnjv m`m wbnZ|
`wbK evsjv I gwbs wbDR Awdm evgv wbc|

`yecbvi NUbvcw

16 :
Gwcj 18 :
g 11 :
25 :
28 :
31 :
:
Ryb 16 :
RyjvB 5 :
21 :
AvM 8 :
9:
12 :
m^i 6 :
15 :

241

XvKvq evgv weviY 1Rb wbnZ I 7 Rb AvnZ|

gvovq `yZKvixi wjZ 2 Rb cywjk wbnZ|
Kzwqvi QvwZqvbxZ mk `yZKvix`i mv_ ixevwnbxi
wj wewbgq| 8 Rb `yZKvix wbnZ|
gv`vwicyi KjRi Aa kvnveywb Avng` Lyb|
UvvBj wjZ evKkvj bZv wbnZ|
Uzwcvovq (MvcvjM) evKkvj bZv Lyb|
PzqvWvv Rjv evKkvj bZv `v gvnv` Avbmvwi Lyb|
gvwbKM RvZxq kwgKjxMi K`xq m`m Avyi iwk` jey
wgqv Lyb|
Puv`cyii KvQ bM WvKvwZ| 1 Rb AcZ|
Kzwgjvi Mvg gvBb weviY 7 Rb wbnZ|
PMvg gwWKj KjRi Aai evmfebi mvgb MbW
weviY 2 Rb wbnZ|
PvcvB beveM _K Cki`xMvgx hvxevnx Ub WvKvwZ; 22
Rb AvnZ|
wSbvB`n WvKvZ m`n 9 RbK wcwUq nZv|
GK mvni ga e-AvBbx A Rgv`vbi wb`k|
Aea A ivLvi AwfhvM RbK gwnjvi 7 eQi Kviv`|

121

242

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

cwiwk7

ANvZi NUbvcw
RyjvB 10 :
AvM 21 :
bf^i 15 :
27 :
29 :
:
wWm^i 15 :

Rvbyqvwi 18 :
deqvwi 25 :
gvP 15 :
Gwcj 6 :
28 :
AvM 27 :
Avei 16 :
Avei 31:
bf^i 5 :
bf^i 11 :
16 :
24 :

bvivqYM jxbviqY KUbwgj AwMKv|

w`bvRcyi gvBb cZ Ub Dwoq `qvi AcPv|
`jZcyi 35wU cvUi
`vg AwMKv| KqK KvwU
UvKvi cvU fxfZ| 10 Rb kwgK AvnZ|
bvivqYMi `yRvqMvq 21wU `vg fqven AwMKv| cvq 1
KvwU UvKvi cvU fxfZ|
Lyjbvq fqven AwMKv| KqK j UvKvi cvU fxfZ| 25
Rb AvnZ|
bvivqYM 2wU Mv`vg AwMKv| 1 jvL UvKvi cvU
fxfZ|
bvivqYM g`bMi evIqvbx RyUwgj fqven AwMKv|
PviKvwU UvKvi cvU fxfZ| 1 Rb Rxe `|
1973
wmU PUKji 1wU wgj fxfZ| KqKjvL UvKv wZ|
ivRkvnxZ AwMKv GKjvL UvKvi mw web|
XvKvi gjfx evRvi AwMKv jvwaK UvKvi wZ|
fie evRvi Revi RyUwgj AwMKv| mvqvjvL UvKvi cvU
fxfZ|
Lyjbvi mvbvjx RyU wgj AwMKv KqK jvL UvKvi mw
b|
hkvi Rjv zj `yZKvix`i AwMmshvM| `o kZvxi
iKW fxfZ|
bvivqYM cvU `vg AwMKv| 3 jvL UvKvi wZ|
bvivqYM 3 nvRvi cvURvZ`e fxfZ|
Av`gwRi GwWwm RyUwgj AwMKv|
fie evRvi Revi RyUwgj AwMKv 5 nvRvi cvURvZ`e
fxfZ|
bvivqYM cvU `vg AwMKv| 34 jvL UvKvi qwZ|
PMvg wmbgv nj AwMmshvM| cywjki duvKv AvIqvR|
25 Rb MdZvi|

ANvZi NUbvcw

Rvbyqvwi 17 :
24 :
26 :
deqvwi 18 :
26 :
gvP 4 :
9:
Gwcj 7 :
11 :
13 :
20 :
26 :
:
g 1 :
14 :
m^i 4 :
bf^i 6 :
14 :
15 :
30 :
wWm^i 11 :
20 :
Rvbyqvwi 1 :
deqvwi 14 :
26 :
Gwcj 14 :
Ryb 19 :

243

1974
bvivqYM 10wU cvUi Mv`vg fxfZ|
bvivqYM 500 Kvcoi `vKvb fxfZ|
AvIwjqvbMi ijmZzi wZ mvab|
bvivqYM `ywU cvU KvvwbZ AwMKv|
AwMKv bvivqYM AvjxRvb RyUwgji 33 j UvKvi cvU
fxfZ |
Lyjbvi `jZcyi 2wU cvU ewjs `vg AwMKv 3 KvwU
UvKviI ewk wZ|
XvKv knii evnviv KjvwbZ fqven AwMKv|
PMvg e`i Kqjvevnx RvnvR Avb|
bvivqYM Kqjv evSvB evR Avb|
Kvb RyUwgj AwMKv|
PMvg myjZvbv RyUwgj 25 nvRvi gY cvU fxfZ|
PMvg fvMcY msvi `vg AwMKv|
PMvg mvBjvZ Avb|
`jZcyi cvU `vg fqven AwMKv| KvwU UvKvi cvU
fxfZ| Avb cyo 50 Rb AvnZ| 32 Rb MdZvi|
gyovcvov MvDwmqv PUKj AwMKv| e ZuvZ fxfZ|
Nvovkvj mvi KviLvbvq fqven weviY|
dbxZ AwMKv 60wU `vKvb fxfZ|
evIqvwb RyUwgj AwMKv 3 jvL UvKvi wZ|
WweI ingvb RyUwgj AwMKv 22 nvRvi gY cvU fxfZ|
Rwcwmi Kzwqv DRvbMvg `vg AwMKv| 10 jvL UvKvi
cvU fxfZ|
MvIwmqv RyUwgj AwMKv|
Uxi wbkvZ RyUwgj fqven AwMKv|
1975
bvivqYM RGgwmi 2wU `vg AwMKv| wecyj cwigvY
cvU fxfZ|
`jZcyi fqven AwMKv| mvqv KvwU UvKvi cvU
fxfZ| RGgwm gvbRvimn 15 Rb MdZvi|
Puv`cyi RGgwm `vg AwMKv| wecyj cwigvY cvU
fxfZ|
bvivqYM cvUi `vg AwMKv| 9 Rb MdZvi|
PMvg e`i wecyj cwigvY Zzjv fxfZ| 14 Rb MdZvi|

122

244

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

cwiwk8

`yhvM-`yNUbvi NUbvcw
Rvbyqvwi 20 :
25 :
31 :
deqvwi 4 :
6:
10 :
23 :
25 :
gvP 13 :
24 :
Gwcj 1 :
2:
3:
4:
5:
13 :
29 :
g 24 :
Ryb 2 :
4:
16 :
19 :
25 :

1972
Kzwgjv KvUbgU gvBb weviY; 21 Rb AvnZ|
kxZjvq jWzwe; kZvwaK hvxi cvYnvwbi Avkv|
bMievwo NvU 14 Rb Mvwijvi mwjj-mgvwa|
SvjKvwVZ So I wkjvewZ 5 kZvwaK nZvnZ|
eywoMvq jWzwe; e ew wbLuvR|
XvKvq kvPbxq wegvb `yNUbv; Kvb LvjKmn 5 Rb
egvwbK wbnZ|
Kzwgivi A`i evm-UvK msNl; gwWKj Awdmvi mn 6 Rb
wbnZ, 40 Rb AvnZ|
PMvgi wbwlcjxZ AwMKv; 6wU wkmn 10 Rb wbnZ I
20 Rb AvnZ|
gZjeMi KvQ cvq j `yNUbv; beeay mn 3 Rb wbnZ|
mvZwivq NwYSo|
mvvnvi-cveZxcyi jvBb `ywU hvxevnx Ubi gyLvgywL
msNl; 63 Rb AvnZ|
gqgbwmsni dzjevwoqvq cP NywYSo; 200 Rbi cvYnvwb
I e jvK AvnZ|
gqgbwmsni gyvMvQvq So; 10 ewi cvYnvwb|
XvKvq cP Kvj-ekvLx So; 40 Rb wbnZ, kZvwaK AvnZ|
XvKvi KivbxM I gywMi wmivRw`Lvb NwYSo; kZvwaK
wbnZ wZb nvRvi AvnZ| ivRavbxZI evcK wZ|
MvBevvq NywYSo; 7 Rb wbnZ, 3 Rb AvnZ|
wKkviM NwYSo; `okZ wbnZ, e jvK AvnZ|
XvKvq 24 Nvq 10 Bw ewcvZ; RbRxeb APj|
w`bvRcyi NwYSo; AvnZ 56 Rb|
hkvi kb Ub `yNUbv; 5 kZvwaK hvx nZvnZ|
jvKmvg NwYSo; evcK q-wZ|
wmjU fwgam; 50 ew wbnZ|
wmjU fqven ebv; 100 jvKi gZz|

`yhvM-`yNUbvi NUbvcw

245

RyjvB 8 :ebvi Pvc wmivRM kni iv euva fvb| hgybvi Kivj Mvm
knii GKvsk wejxb, nvRvi nvRvi jvK Mnnviv| 20 nvRvi
jvKK wbivc` vb AcmviY| Riix vYKvhg
cwiPvjbv|
:
ZiviNvU bKvWzwe; 40 Rb wbnZ|
12 : w`bvRcyi c~Yfev b`xZ bKvWzwe; 17 Rbi mwjj-mgvwa|
:
PMvg e`i Zjv dzUz nq 40 jvL UvKvi wmAvB wkU mn
evRWzwe|
14 : MvBevvq AZvwaK Mig 4 Rbi gZz|
30 : moK `yNUbvq nvRx `vbk I ivk` Lvb gbb AvnZ|
AvM 7 : hyKvjxb Riix Aevq wmivRM kni iv Kivi Rb
Avqx cavbgxi wb`k|
10 :
ebv I b`xfvb iva KvhKix eev MnYi Rb jb
_K wPwKrmvaxb eezi wb`k|
11 : eywoMvq j `yNUbv; kZvwaK jvKi cvYbvki Avkv|
15 :
bvivqbM-Wgiv moK evm `yNUbv; wbnZ 10, AvnZ 35
ew|
m^i 5 : bvqvLvjxi eMgMi KvQ evm `yNUbv; 9 Rb wbnZ, 16
Rb AvnZ|
19 : gv`vixcyii wbKU nvj`vq jWzwe; kZvwaK hvxi gZzi
Avkv|
22 : lvUbji KvQ j `yNUbv; 50 Rbi cvYnvwbi Avkv|
Avei 20 : RvZxq msm` cvb moK `yNUbv; PvcvB beveMi GgwmG
nvwg`yi ingvb wbnZ|
bf^i 19 : Lyjbv-mvZwiv mxgv GK `yNUbvq RbK gRi mvjK
wbnZ|
20 : XvKv kni AwMKv GKRb wbnZ I KqKRb AvnZ|
30 : w`bvRcyi kj weviY; 6 ew wbnZ|
wWm^i 3 :
biwms`xi gvaew`Z moK `yNUbv; 11 Rbi cvYnvwb|
9 : XvKvq c_K `ywU moK `yNUbvq 4 Rb wbnZ I 27 Rb
AvnZ|
Rvbyqvwi 13 :
14 :
:

1973
nvwW mZzZ `yNUbv; wbnZ 3 Rb I AvnZ 2 Rb|
cyevBj kb `ywU Ubi gyLvgywL msNl; AvnZ AbK|
kxZjvq jWzwe; e nZvnZ, `yB gwnjvi jvk Dvi|

123

246

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Rvbyqvwi 23 :
27 :
30 :
deqvwi 3 :
5:
6:
11 :
13 :
18 :
25 :
26 :
:
27 :
gvP 1 :
4:
Gwcj 1 :
12 :
:
16 :
27 :
28 :
g 3 :
5:
6:

wmivRM So; 8 ew wbnZ|

ivRavbxZ em ivMi evcK cv`yfve|
XvKv-Kzwgjv moK evm `yNUbv; 5 Rb wbnZ I 30 Rb
AvnZ|
Kgjvcyi kb ij `yNUbv| myigv gji 50 Rb hvx
AvnZ|
ewikvj jWzwe; 25 Rbi cvYnvwb|
wkecyi evm `yNUbv; 6 Rb wbnZ|
mvZwivq evm `yNUbv; 5 Rb wbnZ I 14 Rb AvnZ|
bKvYvq wbevPbx Rbmfvq gywRei fvlY bvKvj Qv`
am 100 jvK AvnZ|
Uxi KvQ UvK `yNUbv; 4 Rb wbnZ I KqKRb AvnZ|
moK `yNUbvq cvebvq AvIqvgx jxM bZv (RvZxq msm`
m`mc` cv_x) Ave`yi ie eMv wgqv wbnZ|
XvKvq cej So-ew|
evYevwoqvi wbKU gNbvq jWzwe; kZvwaK jvKi
cvYnvwb (miKvwi wnme 25 Rbi cvYnvwb)|
biwms`x I dbxZ NwYSo; evcK qwZ|
NwY`yMZ`i Rb 20 j UvKv mvnvh gyi|
MdiMuvI-G NwYSo; evcK qwZ|
bvivqYM jWzwe; 15 Rb AvnZ|
XvKvq wgicyi KvjekvLx; 6 Rb wbnZ, 50 Rb AvnZ I e
Nievwo wea|
dwi`cyi 3wU gnKzgvq cjqix UbWv; kZvwaK wbnZ,
`onvRvi AvnZ I 15 nvRvi jvK Mnnxb|
gvwbKM cP NwYSo; `ywU _vbvi 8wU Mvgi Nievwo
wbw| Aaj jvK Mnnviv, wbnZi msLv cuvP kZvwaK|
iscyii nvwZevvmn wZbwU _vbvq NwYSo; 15 Rb wbnZ, e
AvnZ I evcK qwZ|
ivmvqwbK c`v_ kxZjv I evjy b`xi cvwb `ywlZ; gvQi
evcK goK|
eskx b`xZ evmWzwe; Aa kZvwaK hvxi mwjj mgvwa|
kxZjvq `ywU ji gyLvgywL msNl; GKwU wbgwZ, evcK
nZvnZi Avkv|
XvKv-Kzwgjv moK `yNUbv; wZbRb wbnZ, 11 Rb AvnZ|

`yhvM-`yNUbvi NUbvcw

g 9 :
10 :
12 :
13 :
18 :
Ryb 8 :
18 :
29 :
RyjvB 4 :
8:
9:
19 :
AvM 12 :
20 :
30 :
m^i 17 :
Avei 10 :
11 :
13 :
15 :
21 :
bf^i 10 :
:
12 :
16 :
17 :
18 :
19 :

247

dbx, Kzwgjv, nweM ebv, wexb GjvKv cvweZ, wecyj

qwZ|
wmjU, iscyi, cvebvq ebv|
wewfb vb ebvq 14 Rbi cvYnvwb|
Lyjbv-hkvi moK fqven `yNUbv; 8 Rb wbnZ I kZvwaK
AvnZ|
wmjUi A`i moK `yNUbv; 5 Rb wbnZ, 13 Rb AvnZ|
gyxMi KvQ `ywU ji gyLvgywL msNl; GKwU wbgwZ,
15 Rbi mwjj-mgvwa|
XvKv-Rq`ecyi moK gvivK evm-`yNUbv; 5 Rb wbnZ, 66
Rb AvnZ|
`vD`Kvw`i evDwkqv NvUi KvQ evm-wRc msNl; 7 Rbi
cvYnvwb|
mq`cyii KvQ Ub `yNUbv; 3 Rb wbnZ|
KYdzjxZ bKvWzwe; 4wU wki mwjj-mgvwa|
ewikvji KvVLvwj NvU jWzwe; wbnZ 33 Rb|
Puv`cyi kni iv euva fvb-mw|
gNbvi fvb Puv`cyi cyivb evRvii GKvsk b`xMf wejxb|
fiei A`i `ywU Ub msNl; 16 Rb AvnZ|
PMvg-KvvB moK evm `yNUbv; 30 Rb AvnZ|
wmivRMi KvQ `ywU Ubi gyLvgywL msNl|
nvwZqvq RjvQvm; 10 Rbi cvYnvwb|
gywMi KvQ jWzwe; 200 hvxi gZzi Avkv|
eovq Ub `yNUbv; 1 Rb wbnZ, 9 Rb AvnZ|
iscyi cyb:ebv, 6 Rbi gZz|
Rvgvjcyi moK `yNUbv; 7 Rb wbnZ|
ebvq KvvB gvB weji 6 KvwU UvKvi dmj web|
XvKvq Avmv` MUi KvQ moK `yNUbv, `yRb gwnjvi gZz|
eywoMvq `ywU ji gyLvgywL msNl; GKwU wbgwZ, mvis,
myKvwb mn 6 Rb MdZvi|
KivbxMi A`i wegvb evwnbxi GKwU wgM-21 wegvb
wea|
Lv` welwqvq cvebvq KqKk jvK Amy|
evcmvMi So; 5k Rj wbLuvR|
PMvg 5wU gvQ aivi j wbLuvR|

124

248

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

bf^i 23 :
28 :
wWm^i 9 :

Rvbyqvwi 24 :
deqvwi 10 :
20 :
gvP 4 :
7:
9:
12 :
13 :
16 :
26 :
Gwcj 7 :
9:
11 :
12 :
:
14 :
17 :
18 :
20 :
22 :
24 :
27 :
28 :
29 :
g 2 :

hkvi Ub `yNUbv; 3 Rb wbnZ|

gvbnvji welv Mvm KqKRbi ggvwK gZz|
`wYvj 4wU Rjvq mvgyw`K RjvQvm I NwYSo; kZvwaK
wbnZ, e AvnZ I wbLuvR| kZKiv 60 fvM dmj I KuvPv
Nievwo wea|
1974
bKvYvi kvwcyi evm-`yNUbv; Avb cyo 25 Rbi
gZz|
nvwZqvi A`i bKvWzwe; 46 Rbi mwjj-mgvwa|
kxZjvq jWzwe; 8 Rbi cvYnvwb|
fovgvivi wbKU Ub `yNUbv; 8 Rb wbnZ, 13 Rb AvnZ|
wmjUi gvBRMuvI kb `ywU Ubi msNl|
XvKvq evnviv KjvbxZ fqven AwMKv|
Kzwgjvq Ub `yNUbv; 10 Rb wbnZ|
ijIq m Rvbv hvq, ^vaxbZvi ci _K G ch
`yNUbvq 47 Rb wbnZ I 244 Rb AvnZ nqQ|
cvebvi wbKU Ub `yNUbv; 8Rb wbnZ, 13 Rb AvnZ|
iscyi I nvwZqvq So; e AvnZ|
PMvg e`i Kqjvevnx RvnvR AwMKv|
hkvi Ub `yNUbv; 30wU ewM jvBbPzZ, WvBevi wbnZ|
bvivqYM Kqjv evSvB evR AwMKv|
eovq cP So; 28 Rb wbnZ, 75 Rb AvnZ|
MvBevvq So; 3 Rb wbnZ|
fie b`xZ j `yNUbv|
wmjU Aweivg elY, wecyj GjvKv cvweZ|
m`xci KvQ bKvWzwe; 7 Rb wbLuvR|
wmjU ebvq 5 Rb I UbWvq 5 Rb wbnZ|
wmjU I gqgbwmsn ebvq wZb jvL GKi evi Rwg cvweZ|
dwi`cyii A`i evm `yNUbv; 20 Rbi cvYnvwb|
bKvbvq cP So; MwZeM NUvq 70 gvBj, 7 Rb wbnZ|
ZRMuvI wegvb e`ii ivbIqZ wegvb `yNUbv|
XvKv Rjvi BmgvBjPii KvQ jWzwe; 156wU gZ`n
Dvi, e wbLuvR|
gywM jWzwe; 200 hvx wbgwZ|

`yhvM-`yNUbvi NUbvcw

17 :
31 :
Ryb 6 :
11 :
21 :
:
RyjvB 3 :
:
31 :
AvM 1 :
2:
3:
5:
6:
:
7:
8:
15 :
:
17 :
18 :
m^i 9 :
29 :
:
Avei 16 :
bf^i 6 :
11 :
19 :
22 :
bf^i 25 :

249

PuvcvB beveM cP So; 10 ew wbnZ|

DcKjxq Aj So; Lcycvovq e Rj wbLuvR|
gvZzqvBj kvPbxq evm `yNUbv; wbnZ 20 Rb, AvnZ 40
Rb|
PMvgi KvjyiNvU eZvi K` _K ^vaxbZvi NvlYvi
c_g cvVK Gg. G. nvbvb moK `yNUbvq wbnZ|
PMvg evcK ew I ebv; 51 Rb wbnZ|
UvBMvicvm fwgam; 12 Rb wbnZ|
mgM `k ebv cwiwwZi AebwZ|
Kzwgjv kb wmjUMvgx Ub jvBbPzZ; 25 Rb AvnZ|
ebv`yMZ`i vYKvR mvgwiK evwnbx Zje|
XvKv KvUbgU ij kb Ubi 19wU ewM jvBbPzZ|
ciivgxi Avnvb ebv`yMZ
`i mvnvhv_ RvwZmsNi vY
welqK cvb cavb W.wfi GBP. DgweLUi XvKv AvMgb|
eywoMvq cvwbi wec`mxgv AwZg| ivRavbxi evcK GjvKv
cvweZ|
ebvq Diei mv_ ivRavbxi moK hvMvhvM wewQb|
ebvi KviY 8wU mKmb Ub PjvPj e NvlYv|
dwi`cyi kni cvweZ|
MvUv `ki mv_ ivRavbxi moK hvMvhvM wewQb|
ebvq 3 KvwU jvK wZM|
RjvQvm gsjv e`i wbgwZ; e jvK wbLuvR|
DcKzji wexY GjvKvq NwYSoi Qvej; 5 Rb wbnZ|
mZz f covq Puv`cyi-jvKmvg ij hvMvhvM wewQb|
gyxM NwYSo; 3 nvRvi evwo wea|
evcmvMi bKvWzwe; 65 Rbi mwjj mgvwa|
XvKvq NwYSo; e KuvPvevwo wea|
So cvebvq 3 Rb I Abvb KqKvb 23 Rb wbnZ|
icmvNvU b`xi Zxi fvb; 30 ew wbLuvR|
dbxZ AwMKv; 60wU `vKvb fxfZ|
ajkixZ jWzwe; 27wU jvk Dvi|
Lyjbvi RqbMii KvQ jWzwe; 85wU jvk Dvi|
Abvnvi I evwaZ mvo 27 nvRvi jvKi gZzeiY-RvZxq
msm` Lv`gxi Z_ c`vb|
dwi`cyii w`MbMi Kzgvi b`xZ evmWzwe; 6 Rb hvxi

125

250

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

26 :
27 :
28 :
wWm^i 2 :
13 :
17 :
Rvbyqvwi 11 :
deqvwi 15 :
22 :
gvP 3 :
27 :
Gwcj 1 :
13 :
21 :
g 6 :
15 :
Ryb 02 :
30 :
RyjvB 8 :
13 :
15 :
19 :
:
29 :
RyjvB 31 :
AvM 3 :

cvYnvwb|
MvBevvi KvQ evw`qvLvjx I wgvwnbx kbi gvS Ubi
jvBbPzwZ; 1 Rb wbnZ|
KvvB n` jWzwe; 83wU jvk Dvi|
PMvgi evqvjLvjxZ cP So; 228 Rbi cvYnvwb|
jvKmvg Ub `yNUbv; 31 Rb AvnZ|
XvKvi wRwivi KeZcvovq welv jeY Lq 7 Rbi gZz|
my`iebi KvQ we`kx wegvb wea; 2 Rb wbnZ|
1975
XvKv-gvwbKM moK `yNUbv; 20 Rb wbnZ I kZvwaK
AvnZ|
w`bvRcyi evm `yNUbv; 5 Rb wbnZ I 32 Rb AvnZ|
Bmjvgcyi MxRv-am; `ywU wki gZz|
evcmvMi hvxevnx dwievU wbgwZ; 9wU gZ`n Dvi|
UvvBji KvQ evm `yNUbv; 3 Rb wbnZ, kZvwaK AvnZ|
XvKv-AvwiPv moK wgicyii KvQ evm-UvK msNl; 75Rb
AvnZ|
XvKv I wmjU KvjekvLxi Qvej; 6 Rb wbnZ, 5 kZvwaK
AvnZ|
wmjU So; 5 Rb wbnZ|
ewikvji KvQ jWzwe; 40 Rbi gZz|
mvfvii KvQ evm-UvK msNl; 2 Rb wbnZ I 20 Rb
AvnZ|
cvebvi evNvevwo dwiNvU hvxevnx evm wbgwZ; 21 Rbi
cvYnvwb|
bvUvi cwiZ Kci welv Mvm 2 Rbi gZz|
mgM `k f-Kb; dwi`cyi 7Rb AvnZ|
wSbvB`n evm `yNUbv; 13 Rb wbnZ|
XvKvq cej elY; ^vfvweK Rxeb wechq, 3 Rb wbnZ|
MvgZx euva Pvi vb fvb|
PMvgi `ywU _vbvi 20 nvRvi jvK AcmvwiZ|
bvqvLvjx, PMvg, Kzwgjv, wmjU, cvebv, iscyi, I Kzwqvq
ebv cwiwwZi AebvwZ|
PMvg I dbxZ ebvq 8 ewi cvYnvwb|
gNbvq `ywU hvxevnx ji msNl; GKwU wbgwZ, evcK

`yhvM-`yNUbvi NUbvcw

4:
11 :

251

126

252

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

q-wZi Avkv|
Uxi KvQ UvK `yNUbv; 3 Rb wbnZ|
ivgMwZZ nwjKvi wea; 8 Rb wbnZ|

cwiwk 9

ivRbxwZi NUbvcw
deqvwi 2:
25 :
gvP 1:
Gwcj 23 :
g 21 :
23 :
AvM 16 :
21 :
24 :
m^i 3 :
5:
13 :
wWm^i 22 :

Rvbyqvwi 1 :
5:
30 :
deqwi 12 :

1972
XvKvq PvKwi cv_x`i wgwQj|
XvKv gwWKj KjR nvmcvZvj wPwKrmvaxb 6 Rb
gywhvvi Abkb agNU|
Kivwmb Zj mieivni `vweZ Lyjbvq Lvwj wUb nvZ
wgwQj|
UvvBj Qv msNl| 3Rb wbnZ| cwZev` 25 Gwcj XvKv
wekwe`vjq Qv agNU|
WvKmyZ evsjv`k Qv BDwbqbi Rqjvf|
QvjxMi mjb PjvKvj AcxwZKi NUbv| `y`ji msNl
Ave`yi ivvK I Avmg iemn kZvwaK AvnZ|
ewikvji evbwi cvovq fLv wgwQj|
iscyi fzLv wgwQj|
WvKmy I Qv BDwbqbi WvK XvKvq Qv agNU| wkvgxi
KvQ viKwjwc ck|
gIjvbv fvmvbxi bZZ XvKvq fLv wgwQj|
gv`vwicyi Qv msNl| mv AvBb Rvwi|
hkvii PuvPov evRvi Qv msNl Avmg ie AvnZ| 144
aviv Rvwi|
wfqZbvg gvwKb-evgvelYi cwZev` XvKvq Qv BDwbqbi
wevf wgwQj| wbbi KzkcywjKv `vn| wfqZbvg
miKviK ^xKZ`vbi Avnvb|
1973
gvwKb weivax wevf-mgvek cywjki wjelY XvKvq 2
Rb Qv wbnZ I 7 Rb AvnZ|
bvc Awdm AvIqvgx evwnbx KZK AwMmshvM|
eezi cwZ Akvjxb Dw, nZvi cwZev` I wbevPb
evbPvji lohi wei mviv`k (miKvwi `ji WvK)
c~Y agNU cvwjZ!
`jxq kLjv fi `vq AvIqvgx jxM _K 35 Rb ewnZ|

ivRbxwZi NUbvcw

deqvwi 13 :

gvP 10 :
Gwcj 3 :
15 :
21 :
Ryb 1 :
9:
RyjvB 2 :
23 :
29 :
m^i 3 :
6:
bf^i 7 :
21 :
wWm^i 2 :
23 :
27 :

Rvbyqvwi 13 :
18 :
19 :
20 :

253

127

254

`ki mKj jvK evOvwj ej weewPZ necveZ PMvg

mdiKvj gywRei NvlYv (Gi cwZev` 7 Ryb 1973 cveZ
Aj kvwevwnbx MwVZ nq `vib Akvw mw Ki Ges
Aekl 1998 mvj Avmgcb Ki)|
dwi`cyi bvc (gvRvddi) cv_xmn 4 RbK wcwUq nZv|
XvKv wekwe`vjq nj GjvKvq Kvdz Rvwi|
3-`dv `vwei wfwZ gIjvbv fvmvbxi Abkb i|
fvmvbx-bvci Avnvb XvKvq niZvj| wKQy jvKi nvgjvq
Gkxq kvw mjb Dcj wbwgZ wfqZbvg gc
wea|
ivRkvnx cKkj KjRK ^vqZkvwmZ wekwe`vjq Kivi
`vweZ KjRi 14 Rb Qvi Abkb i|
gvBRw` KvU ixevwnbxi wjelYi cwZev` niZvj|
cywjki AvPiYi cwZev` XvKvq Wvvi`i cZxK agNU|
mviv`k 6wU gwWKj Qv`i agNU i|
fvmvbx-bvci niZvj NvlYv| AvswkK cvwjZ|
WvKmy wbevPb| evjU ev wQbZvB| fvU MYbv wMZ|
wekwe`vjq GjvKvq Mvjvwj |
XvKv wekwe`vjq GjvKvq evk dvqvi bviKxq nZvKv| 4
Rb wbnZ, 1 Rb AvnZ|
`k Rvjvwb Zji `vg 30% fvM ew|
XvKvq evmfvov ew|
evqZzj gvKviig A-Qv`i MYRgvqZ|
wbevPbx nvvgvq cvKz`vq cywjk I cvwjs Awdmvi wbnZ|
Rvgvjcyi wbevPbx nvvgv| cywjki wjZ 3 Rb wbnZ, 20
Rb MdZvi|
1974
RbRxeb kvw I AvBbkLjv AUzU ivLZ kni 144
aviv Rvwi| mfv, wgwQj wbwl|
AvIqvgx jxMi 3 w`bevcx KvDwj i| Rvm`i 144 aviv
fvvi Pv| 11 Rb MdZvi|
144 aviv fi `vq Rvm`i AviI 10 Rb MdZvi|
144 aviv fi Pv| XvKvq cywjki jvwVPvR I Kuv`vb

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Gwcj 4 :
7:
RyjvB 26 :
bf^i 23 :
wWm^i 26 :

Rvbyqvwi 1 :
2:
6:
AvM 15 :

Mvm wbc| ivRkvnxZ 57 Rb MdZvi|

XvKv wekwe`vji mhmb nj PvL eua 7 Rb QvK Lyb|
7 Lybi AwfhvM QvjxMi mvaviY mv`K kwdDj Avjg
cavb MdZvi|
7 Qv nZvi `vq kwdDj Avjg cavbmn 24 Rbi wei
cywjki PvRwkU `vwLj| (ci GRb Zvi hvexeb Kviv`
nq Ges wRqv KZK gyw cv nq)|
Rvm`bZv kvnRvnvb wmivR I bi Avjg wRKz MdZvi|
Riwi gZv AwWbv Rvwi| mviv`k Riwi Aev NvlYv|
msweavbi KqKwU avivi cqvM wMZ|
1975
menviv cvwUi bZv wmivRyj nK wkK`vi MdZvi|
mvfvii KvQ cywjki wjZ wmivR wkK`vi wbnZ|1
agNU, mfv I wgwQj wbwl NvlYv|
ivcwZ kL gywReyi ingvb, gw miwbqvevZ I hyejxM bZv
kL gwY mcwievi bksmfve wbnZ|

wmivR wkK`vi mK wevwiZ Rvbvi Rb cwiwk 16 co~b

kwgK ivRbxwZi NUbvcw

255

cwiwk 10

kwgK ivRbxwZi NUbvcw

gvP 8 :
9:
31 :
Gwcj 9 :
15 :
g 28 :
:
Ryb 27 :
RyjvB 1 :
6:
AvM 25 :
m^i 6 :
12 :
27 :
Avei 4 :
bf^i 25 :
wWm^i 28 :

1972
UxZ kwgK msNl (cybt msNl 6 g I 5 RyjvB)|
Lvwjkcyi kwgK msNl| mv AvBb Rvwi|
nvUj BUviKwUbUvj Kgx`i ga msNl 22Rb AvnZ,
cywjki duvKv AvIqvR|
XvKvq we`yr mieivn K`i kwgK`i AvKwK agNU|
webv bvwUk NivI, agNU e-AvBbx NvlYv|
ivvqv wk cwZvb agNU|
6 gvmi Rb wk NivI, agNU wbwl NvlYv|
kwgK Amvli NUbvq Av`gRxZ jKAvDU| eezi
nc 29 Ryb jKAvDU Aemvb|
Av`gRxZ kwgK msNl| wbnZ 4, AvnZ 14 Rb| 144 aviv
Rvwi| 32 Rb MdZvi| wgj e NvlYv| (cybivq Pvjy 4
RyjvB)|
XvKvq AvKwK weAviwUwm evm agNU|
Av`gRxZ msNl| wbnZ 2, AvnZ 50| Awbw` Kvji Rb
mv wgj e NvlYv| AvBb Rvwi, ix evwnbx Zje|
Av`gRxi msNli NUbvq 70 Rb MdZvi| mv AvBb cybt
ejer| 10 m^i 16 w`bi mv AvBb cZvnvi| 11
m^i cybt wgj Pvjy|
XvKvq wmbgv kwgK`i AvKwK agNUi dj 1 w`b PjwP
c`kbx e|
kgbxwZ NvlYv|
15 `dv `vweZ RvZxq kwgK jxMi wevf w`em cvjb|
gsjv e`i kwgK msNl| AwM mshvM wj, elY; KqKRb
nZvnZ| 144 aviv Rvwi|
AvZZvqxi wjZ Lyjbvq AavcK Avey mywdqvb I Ab 2 Rb
kwgK bZv wbnZ| kwgK DRbv ew| ciw`b AviI 3
kwgK bZv wbnZ|

128

256

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Rvbyqvwi 20 :
26 :
Rvbyqvwi 28 :
30 :
deqvwi 3 :
4:
7:
Gwcj 5 :
8:
g 12 :
Ryb 1 :
29 :
m^i 14 :
Avei 8 :
bf^i 27 :

deqvwi 14 :
gvP 28 :
Gwcj 2 :
Avei 11 :

RyjvB 24 :

1973
KIwg RyUwgj jKAvDU|
gqbvgwZ, wPkwZ, KvwKj I nvwjgv UUvBj jKAvDU
NvlYv|
kwgK Amvli KviY 4wU ewgj jKAvDU|
RvZxq kwgK jxMi Avnevb kni niZvj|
we`yr KgPvwi`i agNU wbwl NvwlZ |
PMvgi evoeKz kwgK ewZ AwMmshvM I wjelY|
e nZvnZ|
PMvg I bvqvLvjxZ kwgK niZvj|
Uw wk GjvKvq kwgK msNl|
Av`gRxZ kwgK msNl|
K`i mv_ PMvg kvLv kwgK jxMi mKQ`|
wk kwgK`i Rb Avjv`v eZb Kwgkb MwVZ|
Bvb widvBbvwii kwg`i Dci ixevwnbxi wjelY wbnZ
1, AvnZ 2| cwZev` agNU|
PMvg e`i kwgK msNl `yRb wbnZ|
Av`gRxZ kwgK msNl I agNU|
cavbgxi AvKwK Av`gRx cwi`kb| 4 c` KgPvwi
mvmc|
1974
WvK wefvMi bbMRUW KgPvwi`i agNU i|
agNU 53 w`b e _vKvi ci Bvb widvBbvwiZ cybt
Drcv`b i|
PMvg AvKwK ij agNU|
PMvg bvkbvj KUb wgj Avbmvi`i wjelY 3 Rb
wbnZ| wgj cvY mbv gvZvqb|
1975
KviLvbv kwgK`i wbqwgZ ikb `vbi wmv|

L`Kvi gvkZvK

257

cwiwk11

L`Kvi gvkZvK
L`Kvi gvkZvK Avng` wQjb XvKv nvBKvU I cvwKvb mywcgKvUi
GvWfvKU| Rb Kzwgjvi `vD`Kvw`Z| wcZv cxi L`Kvi Kwei Dwb
Avng`| Mob nvjKv-cvZjv, DPZv gvSvwi, gv_vq AevOvwj-myjf bni
Uzwc| Pnvivq a~ZZvi Avfvm| wZwb K_v ejZb gb RywMq| Mvddvi Payixi
eYbvq, Zvi wQj gv_vq Uzwc, gyL gay, gbfiv Qjbv|
1949 mvji 23 I 24 Ryb XvKvi ^vgxevM ivR MvWb (KvRx gynv`
ekxi gvqybi evmfeb) 300 cwZwbwai DcwwZZ GK mfv AbywZ nq|
mfvq AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM bvg GKwU weivax ivRbwZK `j MVbi wmv
nq Ges gvIjvbv fvmvbxK mfvcwZ I kvgmyj nKK mv`K Ki 40 m`mi
GKwU Kvhwbevnx KwgwU MVb Kiv nq| L`Kvi gvkZvK I kL gywReDfqB
KwgwUZ hyM-mv`K wbevwPZ nb| (gywRe ZLb Rj| hyM mv`K`i ga
gvkZvKi bvgwU gywRei AvM DwjwLZ nIqvq, gvkZvK wbRK gywRei
wmwbqi ej cPvi Kivi cqvm cvq| wK 1953 mvj gyKzj wmbgv nj AbywZ
c_g KvDwj mfvZ gywRe gvkZvKK wWwq `ji mvaviY mv`K wbevwPZ
nb)|
1954 mvji wbevPb hydUi gbvbqb bv cq gvkZvK ^Zcv_x nq
wbevwPZ nb (gbvbqb bv cvIqvi cQb gywRei nvZ wQj ej Re wQj) Ges
AvBb cwil`i Bc c` cvIqvi jvf dRjyj nKi KlK-kwgK cvwUZ
hvM `b|
gymwjg k ev` w`q AvIqvgx jxMK Amv`vwqK Kivi mgq Ave`ym
mvjvg, L`Kvi gvkZvK cgyL Gi weivwaZv Kib Ges bvwRgywb ivW
Avjv`v AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM Pvjy ivLb| G`i wbKU `jwU AvIqvgx k hy
gymwjg jxMi ewk wKQy wQj bv| wK Zv`i m-Pv e_ nq| ivRbwZK
Av`ki w`K _K wZwb wQjb GKRb AcwiewZZ gymwjg-jxMvi|
1964 mvj gvkZvK hLb cybt AvIqvgx jxM wdi Avmb ZLb Zvi
Aevb Pj hvq ek cQb| Kbbv ZZw`b Kvgvivgvb, bRij Bmjvg,
gbmyi Avjx, ZvRDwb cgyL wbR`iK `j cwZwZ Ki djQb| 1966
mvj 6 `dv `vweK K` Ki AvIqvgx jxM Avevi fvOb `Lv `q| gvIjvbv
Avyi iwk` ZKevMxk-mvjvg Lvb cgyL Aci GKwU AvIqvgx jxMi (wcwWGg ev
8 `dvcx) Rb `b| mn-mfvcwZ L`Kvi gvkZvK Gu`i mv_ hvM `b ;

129

258

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

wK 1970 mvji wbevPbi c~e Avevi gywRei bZZvaxb gj`j wdi

Avmb| 1973 mvji mvaviY wbevPb AvIqvgx jxM 300 Avmbi ga 291wU
Ges c` fvUi 72 kZvsk jvf Ki| A_P gvkZvK gv 700 fvUi
eeavb Rqjvf Kib| ZvI me nqQ kl gznZ gywRe Zvi wbevPbx GjvKv
mdi KiQb ej| GKRb cyibv mnKgxi weRq wbwZ KiZ ci gywRe
Lywk nqwQjb| wK gvkZvK gywRei RbwcqZvq Clvq KvZi nb|1
24 gvP weKvj _K 25 gvP (1971) ivZi c_g cni ch mvvr
KiZ Avmv mKjK gywRe AvMvcbi civgk `b| mKjB m-gZ
AvZMvcb Kib Ges KviwdD wkw_ji c_g myhvM XvKv ZvM Ki c_g
Mvgvj I ci fviZ Mgb Kib| A_P RvZxq cwil`i wKvi c`cv_x
gvkZvK wbweN Zvi evmvq Aevb Kib| 28 gvP ez Wv. wU. nvmb ZvK
mLvb _K Zvi bvwmsnvg wbq hvq| RbK AevOvwj Wv. ie ZvK `Lvi
ciI wZwb mLvb cvq 10 w`b Aevb Kib Ges 10 Gwcj H wU. nvmbB
ZvK AvMiZjvq wbq hvb|
AvIqvgx jxMi `jxq I wbevwPZ cwZwbwa`i GK mfv 11 Gwcj
AvMiZjvq AbywZ nq| G mfvZB gwmfv Pov Kiv nq| gvkZvK
Z_vKw_Z wmwbqwiwUi `vweZ cavbgx nZ PqwQjb| wK m-mvebv
wZivwnZ `L wZwb Avc Ki ejb : AvgvK Avi Kx `iKvi? AvgvK
gvq cvwVq `b| mvivivZ ai kjvcivgki ci kl ch ciiv I AvBb
gYvjqi `vwqZ cvIqvi kZ wZwb gwmfvq _vKZ ivwR nb|
gvkZvKi `vwe Abyhvqx gvneyeyj Avjg Pvlx I Zvniwb VvKziK
AvMiZjv _K KjKvZvq Avbv nj PvlxK wZwb ciiv mwPe c` wbqvM
Kib| wZwb evsjv`k wgkb _K ciiv eZxZ Abvb wefvM mwiq `b|
ZvRDwbi mv_ ewMZ Avvk ev gZvi ev ^vaxbZv hyi cwZ wfb
gbvfve, h-Kvbv KviYB nvK bv Kb, gvkZvK gywRebMi miKvii AbK
KvRB evav mw Kib|2 wZwb ZvRDwbi wei kL gwYmn hyebZv`i
DmwKq `b| hy PjvKvj Zvi fvewkl Zvni VvKzi ^vaxb evsjv eZvii
wkx`i w`q agNU Kivi cvKv eev Ki e_ nb|
nvbv`vi KewjZ evsjv`k hLb AvgwiKvi A I mg_b biga h
PjwQj, KjKvZvi mvKvm GfwbDZ ZLb mB AvgwiKvi miKvwi I emiKvwi
bvbv mvnvhmsv `vbQ Lyj emwQj| we`kx`i wfo evsjv`k `Zvevm
1

Kbj Zvnii weklY, gvkZvKi Kvbv ivRbwZK wfZ wQj bv, GKwU z` Ask Qvov
mgM mbvevwnbxZ Zvi mg_b wQj bv Ges RbMYi gaI Zvi mg_b wQj bv| (GGj
LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 28-29)
Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 96

L`Kvi gvkZvK

259

XvKv gykwKj wQj| I`i AwaKvskB gvwKb mvsevw`K, mev I mvnvhmsvi

KgKZv| G`i mvewYK mv_x njb gvneyeyj Avjg Pvlx, Zvni VvKzi, nvmb
Avjx, Avi.AvB. Paywi, Avbvqvi Paywi Rq, Avwgbyj nK ev`kv, Kbj
Imgvbx cgyL Ges AekB I`i bZv L`Kvi gvkZvK| wKQyw`bi ga
Rvbv Mj, miKvii Mvcb dvBji welqe duvm nq AvgwiKv, cvwKvb
cvPvi nq hvQ| `Lv Mj, gywRebMi ckvmbi GKUv kwkvjx Ask fviZ
I mvwfqU-weivax m cPviYv Ges Re QovZ e| ZvRDwbi fvlvq,
k GLb ezi Qek Avgv`i fZi XzKQ| Iiv Jla, `ya, K^j, bM`
UvKv, we`k gYi wUKU cfwZ w`q ivRbxwZwe`, eywRxex, mvsevw`K,
wgwjUvwi I gywhvv`i bvbvfve `ybxwZM Ki Zvjvi Pv Ki|
miKvii ga Zv`i Mc Zwi Ki| ebvgv cPvic cKvk Ki
gywhvv`i ga wewj Ki|
AvIqvgx jxMi `jxq gyLc Rqevsjv Ges hye Aski evsjvi evYx
_vKvi ciI gvkZvK Awfhvb bvg wbRi GKwU cwKv ei Kib|
cwKvwUZ AwZKkj gywhvv`i ga wef` mw I ZvRDwbweivax
cPviYv Kiv nZ| gywhy hLb c~Yv hyi ic wbZ PjQ ZLb gvkZvK
Mc ^vaxbZv, bv gywRe? wkivbvg GKwU cPvic3 gywhvv`i ga wewj
Kib| cPvicwUi ee wQj :
Avgiv hw` cvwKvbi mv_ mevK hy i Kwi, Zvnj cvwKvwbiv
KvivMvi kL gywReK nZv Kie| kL gywReK Qvov evsjv`ki ^vaxbZv
A_nxb nq hve| myZivs ^vaxbZvi AvM gywRei gyw `iKvi Ges gywRei
gywi Rb cvwKvbi mv_ Avjvc-AvjvPbv `iKvi|

cPvicwU gywhvvmn mKj gnj wevw mw Ki| GKB mv_ Zviv

Kkj Re Qovjb h, ZvRDwb cvwKvbi mv_ Kvbv AvjvcAvjvPbv-mgSvZv Pvb bv, hy Pvwjq hZ Pvb KviY wZwb Pvb Rj kL
gywRei gZz nvK| Zvnj wZwb wbweN evsjv`ki cavbgxi c`wU vqxfve
cveb, fvMweavZv neb| (G cPviYvwU ^vaxbZvi ci eMg gywRe Ges gywRei
KvbI Zvjv nq| ZvRDwbi mv_ gywRei mKi AebwZZ GwU Kvbv
fwgKv iLQ wKbv MelKiv Zv LuyR `LZ cvib| gvkZvK G cPviYvi
gvag ZvRDwb I ^vaxbZv Dfqi weivwaZv Ki GK wXj `y-cvwLB gviZ
PqwQjb)|
RvwZmsNi jweZ evsjv`ki ee ck Kivi Rb ciiv gx wnme
gvkZvKi wbDBqK hvIqvi c~e gynZ Zvi mwPe gvneyeyj Avjg Pvlx KZK
3

Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cPvi, c~ev, cv 54

130

260

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

IqvwksUb cwiZ GKwU Mvcb evZv aiv co| evZvq cvwKvbi mv_ hy
e Kivi j gvwKb miKvii gvag cvwKvbi mv_ AvjvPbv i Kivi
Rb IqvwksUb wbhy evsjv`k cwZwbwaK wb`k `qv nqwQj| ZvRDwb
mv_ mv_ PvlxK eiLv Kib, gvkZvKi wbDBqK hvv evwZj Kib Ges
Zvi e`j wePvicwZ Avey mvC` PayixK RvwZmsN jweZ evsjv`ki
cwZwbwaZ Kivi wb`k `b| G NUbvi ciI mq` bRiji AvbyKj4
gvkZvK euP hvb| Ze gx _vKjI ciiv gYvjqi KvR ZvK wbwq
Ki ivLv nq Ges ^vaxbZvi cici 29 wWm^i Zvi nvZ AvBb gYvjq iL
Ave`ym mvgv` AvRv`K ciiv gx wbqvM Kiv nq| AvgwiKvi mv_ gvkZvK
Ms`i hvMvhvM cm nbwi wKwmvi ejb :
We established contact with the Bangladesh people in Calcutta and during
August, September and October of this Year (1971), no fewer than eight such
contacts took place. We approached President Yahya Khan three times in
order to begin negotiations with Bangladesh people in Calcutla. The
5
government of Pakistan accepted.

gvkZvK Ms klw`K GZ gwiqv nq wMqwQj h, 13 wWm^i eiLvKZ

Pvlx gywRei gywi wewbgq hyweiwZi cve ^vii Rb Avqx ivcwZ
mq` bRiji KvQ wbq hvq|6 A_P cwiwwZ ZLb Ggb chvq h, mq`
bRij Bmjvg KZK ^vi Kiv njI hyweiwZ ZLb me nZ bv| 10 Rvbyqvwi
1972 gywRe Zuvi mvbvi evsjvq cZveZb Kib| mevB Kig`b, KvjvKzwj
KijI gvkZvK AwZwi GKwU Pz^b w`q ZuvK ^vMZ Rvbvb|
31 g 1974 gywRei gv mvqiv LvZzb gviv hvb| gywRe Zvi gvqi Rb
hZbv Kvu`jb, ZviPq ewk Kuv`jb gvkZvK| gvqi `vdb KvR Uzxcvovq
gywRei mdimx njb gvkZvK I Zvni VvKzi| AvenvIqv `yhvMc~Y _vKvq
nwjKvi KqKNv AvKvk DoZ cviwb| dj Zv`i cuQZ ek wej^
nq hvq| gywRe gvK k KiZ PvBj Zvi eoevb wgmm dvZgv AbygwZ
w`jb bv| wK gvkZvK Aj KvQ wMq Lvjvvi gv_v k Kib|
mvo wZb eQii kvmbvgj evOvwj gviviRx gvkZvK wQjb gywRei
Qvqv-mnPi| hLb ZLb wZwb gywRei evwoZI hZb| wZwb wQjb gywRei
mKj Qjgqi wekl Ki ivmji Lye wcq PvPv| gywRei mvgb wZwb
_vKZb fRv eovj nq, ejZb gb fRvbv K_v| Gmei cyiviI wZwb
4
5
6

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, gywhy ce, c~ev, cv 290

India Pakistan, Background briefing with Henry A. kissinger on December, 1971,
Congressional record, December-9, 1971, Page 15735, gC`yj nvmvbi gjaviv M DZ

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm, gywhy ce, c~ev, cv 290

L`Kvi gvkZvK

261

cqQb| eevi Zvi e Abvq gywRe gv KiQb| gywhyi mgq

wekvmNvZKZvi Rb wePvi bv Ki gywRe ZvK AvBbgx _K cgvkb w`q
evwYRgx Kib| evwYR Zvi jxi emwZ nqwQj| agi aRvavix nqI
wZwb ewMZ I ivRbwZK `ybxwZZ Rwoq cob| Aekl Rwoq cob
gywReK nZv Ki ivxq mevP gZvq Avmxb nIqvi loh| gywRe-nZv
gvgjvi ivci gj Kumywj wmivRyj nK Zvi wdiwZ AvigUi mgvwKvj
ejb, gvkZvK I Zvi mvvcviv wZb Avwg AwdmviK wbq Kzwgjvq lohi
mcvZ Ki, ci XvKvq Zv evevqb Kiv nq 15 AvM cuPvi|7 gvgjvi
AbZg Avmvwg Zvni , iwk`, dviK I mvx AavcK Lyiwk` Avjgi ee
_K Rvbv hvq, gvkZvK I Abvb lohKvixiv Kzwgjvi evW, gvkZvKi
Mvgi I XvKvi evwo, gYvjq, MvRxcyii mvjbv cfwZ vb wewfb mgq wgwjZ
nq lohi Rvj eyb| gvkZvKi gywRe-nZv cieZx Kvhg _KI Gi
cgvY cvIqv hvq|
1975 mvji 14 I 15 AvMi gaeZx ivZ gvkZvKi PvL Nyg wQj
bv| mw`b Zvi 54 b^i AvMv gmxn& jbi evwoZ AbKi ga gRi iwk`8
I Zvni VvKzi GmwQjb| Kvbv dvb Gj wZwb wbRB wiwmfvi DVvwQjb,
mxgvnxb AwiZvq wbRK wVK ivLvi Rb wZwb `vqv-`i` cowQjb| ivZ
Mvmj Ki wZwb hb Kv_vq hvIqvi Rb cZ nqwQjb| Aekl Zvi
cwZvi Aemvb nj ciw`b mKvj mvo 7Uvq| GKUv Uv cQb wbq iwk`i
wRc Gm _vg Zvi evwoi mvgb| Wvwjgi gvivK eZvi NvlYv BZvga
cPvi nq wMqQ| wZwb bg Gjb cwmWUi `vwqZfvi MnYi Dk
iwWI Awdm hvIqvi Rb| Gi AvM iwk`i AvMgbi Dk cixvi Ki
bb bvbv bvUKxq Kkj|
Zvni VvKzi Zvi AvMB iwWIZ cuQ cwmWUi fvlY iPbvq
wbqvwRZ nb| mvgwiK I cywjkevwnbx cavb`i IKvjwZ eywZ duv` dj
gvkZvK emvgwiK I MYZvwK miKvi MVbi mwZ I AvbyMZ Av`vq Ki
bb Ges eZvi Zv cPvi KivZ _vKb| ejv 11-15 wg. wZwb wbR fvlY `b
Ges ejb, mKjB GB kvmbeevi cwieZb PvBwQj| wK cPwjZ wbqg Zv
me wQjbv ej HwZnvwmK cqvRb mbvevwnbx GwMq Gm RbMYi Rb
myhvMi ^Yvi Lyj w`qQ| gywhyi iYawb Rq evsjvi cwieZ
cvwKvwb Kvq`vq evsjv`k wR`vev` ej wZwb fvlY kl Kib| mvgwiK
AvBb I Kvdz Rvwi Kiv njI `ycyi Ryvi bvgvRi Rb Zv wkw_j Kiv nq|
7
8

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, AvMvgx cKvkbx, XvKv, 1999, cv 68
G Gj LwZe, Kviv eezi nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 10

131

262

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

me wgwjq GKUv Bmjvgx cRvZi weg mw Kiv nq| nZvKvi ci

gvkZvK `vwqZ MnYi 1 Nvi ga cvwKvb bZzb miKviK ^xKwZ `q|
Amgqi ga gvkZvK Zvi wekl `Z wnme `vjvj cxi `y`y wgqvK
cvwKvb ciY Kib| GQvov kwdDj AvRg, ZveviK nvmb, mvjvnDwb,
GweGg md`i cfwZ `vjvjK iZcyY miKvwi `vwqZ wbqvwRZ Kib|
cvwKvwb cvkvKi mv_ Zvi Uzwc hvM Ki RvZxq cvkvK ceZb Kib|
Gme Zvi 1971 -Gi AZ evmbvi ewntcKvk ej gb Kiv nq|
m^ii kli w`K, Zvi weivax ev cwZx`i duvwmZ Svjvbvi
Rb gvkZvK GKwU digvb Rvwi Kib| GZ ejv nq, Kvbv ew hw` `ybxwZ
Ki ev Kviv wei `ybxwZi AwfhvM IV (reputed to be corrupt) Zvnj
ZvK wePvic~eK gZz` `qv ne|9
evsjv`kK Bmjvgx cRvZ NvlYv bv Kivq Ges gxmfvq AvIqvgx
jxMviivB wbqvM cvIqvq gvbyl GB nZvKvK ivcwZ c` gvkZvKi
Awavb Qvov Avi wKQy fveZ cviwQj bv| eis g gvbyli gb gywRei cwZ
mnvbyfwZ evoZ _vK| 24 m^i Zuvi Pwjkvi w`bi i MxiZv
nZvKvix`i cwZ Aev cKvki bvgvi wnme weewPZ nq| 26 m^i
w` BbWgwbwU AwWbv, 1975-Gi gvag nZvKvixmn nZvi cwiKbv,
KzgYv cfwZi mv_ hy mKjK wePvii nvZ _K invB `qv nq| Ze GwU
Kiv nq Mvcb| ZvQvov 3 Avei c` GK eZvi fvlY wZwb Lybx`i
mbvevwnbxi mvnmx mhmvb ej cksmv Kiv QvovI Wvwjg, dviK Avi
iwk`K cgvkb w`q j. Kbj c` DbxZ Kib| Gme KvR gywRe nZvq
gvkZvKi mswkZv cgvY nq|
gxiRvdi kwU hic wekvmNvZKZvi cwZk icvwiZ nqQ;
gvkZvK kwUI cvq Abyic ebvi `vZK| Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix KvBfi
Ici jLv GKwU cvPxb eB cvV KiZ wMq gxiRvdii PvwiwK I kvwiixK
ewki mv_ gvkZvKi weqKi wgj `L PgK DVQb| ay ZvB bq,
wZwb AviI wKQy wgji mvb cqQb| hgb : wmivR-nZv Avi gywRe-nZvi
lohi mPbv GKB GjvKvq, cyibv XvKvq AvMvgvwmn jb-bIqve M|
cjvkxi 57 K Dwq mvRvjB nq 75| gvSLvb 218 eQii eeavb| ZvB
cvcvxi e`j, wK bvUK GKB|
9

15 AvM 1975 Aeafve gZv MnY Ki c` fvlY gvkZvK ejb, GB miKvi

KLbI `ybxwZ, ^RbcxwZ, wKsev mgvRZvwK `wfwi mv_ Avcm Kie bv| wK gv
83 w`bi gZvPzwZi ci wZwb `ybxwZi AwfhvM cuvP eQii Kviv` fvM Kib| (G
Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 210)

wRqvDi ingvb

263

cwiwk12

wRqvDi ingvb
wRqvDi ingvb 1936 mvj KjKvZvq RbMnY Kib| Zvi wcZv eov Rjvi
MveZjx _vbvi gwnlvfvb Mvgi gbmyi ingvb wQjb GKRb imvqbwe` Ges gv
Rvnvbviv LvZzb GKRb MvwqKv|
wcZvi Kgj KivwP _K 1952 mvj wZwb gwUKzjkb cvm Kib Ges
1953 mvj KjRi cov Qo w`q KvKzj AewZ cvwKvb wgwjUvwi
GKvWwgZ KvWU wnme hvM `b| 1955 mvj wZwb wZxq cvve
iwRgU Kwgkb cvb| ci ZvK dv ej iwRgU e`wj Kiv nq|
covkvbvq Zgb gavi cwiPq w`Z bv cvijI 1965 mvji cvK-fviZ hy
wZwb KwZZ `wLqQb| jvnvii LgKvivb mi dv B ej
iwRgUi GKwU KvvwbZ wZwb Kgvvi wnme mvnwmKZvi mv_ bZZ
`b| kevwnbxi GKwU Uv asm Ki Zvi evwnbx wZxq exiZ c`K cvq|
Kwgkb cvwi 4 eQi ciB wekl cwkY w`q ZvK Mvq`v-wefvM
wbqvM Kiv nq| mLvb wZwb 195964 ch 5 eQi KvR Kib| wZwb
ivBb AevbiZ wewUk mbvevwnbxi mv_I wZbgvm KvR Kib| 1966 mvj
ZvK wgwjUvwi GKvWwgi cwkK wbqvM Kiv nq| G mgq cwkYiZ dviK
I iwk`i mv_ Zvi cwiPq nq| BZvga wZwb gRi c` c`vbwZ cvb Ges
1970 mvj Ag B ej iwRgUi mK Kgvvi wnmve PMvg e`wj
nq Avmb|
1971 mvji 27 gvP PMvg eZvi _K ^vaxbZvi NvlYv cvV Ki wZwb
cPzi LvwZ ARb Kib| wZwb wKQyw`b 1bs mii Kgvvi I ci RW
dvmi AwabvqK wnme gywhy iZc~Y Ae`vb ivLb| hykl ZvK
exivg c`K fwlZ Kiv nq| 1972 mvj wZwb Kbj, 1973 mvji
gvSvgvwS weMwWqvi I klw`K gRi Rbvij c` DbxZ nb| gv 39 eQi
eqm 1975 mvj (20 AvM) wZwb mbvevwnbxi wPd Ae vd wbhy nb|
mvnwmKZv, ewMZ mZZv I f` eenvii Rb wZwb nq DVwQjb GKRb
Rbwcq Awdmvi| GRb Zvi c`vbwZI NU Ame `ZMwZZ|
1971 mvji gvP AmnhvM PjvKvj Bqvwnqv gywRei mv_ AvjvPbvi
bvg mgqcbi myhvM bvbvfve mb, A I Mvjvevi` cvwKvbi
cwgvj _K c~evj gRy` KiwQj| Zv`i cwiKwZ AwfhvbK wbweN
Kivi Rb Zviv evOvwj mb`i wbi Kivi wmv bq| Gi cLg c`c

132

264

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

wnme 19 gvP 1971 Rq`ecyi (MvRxcyi) AevbiZ GK evUvwjqvb evOvwj

mbK KZc A mgcYi wb`k `q| wK evOvwj mbiv KZci Dk
eySZ ci wb`k gvbZ A^xKvi Kij 22 gvBj `ieZx XvKv KvUbgU
_K GK`j cvvwe mb evOvwj`i wbi KiZ mLvb cuQ| G Lei
we`yreM cvkeZx Mvgmg~n Qwoq co Ges RvZxq cwil` m`m kvgmyj
nKi bZZ nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl we`vnx evOvwj mbv`i c ivvq bg
Gm vb vb evwiKW mw Ki| GKchvq Mvjvwj i nq Ges Kgc
20 Rb GZ wbnZ1 nq| G NUbvi gaw`q cKZ cve cvK-evsjv hy i
nq hvq| GgZvevq Lvj` gvkviid XvKv _K PMvg wMq 24 gvP wRqvmn
Zvi Abvb mnKgx`i mv_ cwiwwZ wbq AvjvPbv Kib| wbRiv Avv
nIqvi AvMB cvwKvwb`i Dci AvNvZ nvbvi cvei cwZ wRqv
Lvj`K Avk KiZ wMq ge Kib : Nveovbvi wKQy bB| Iiv AZ`i
hve bv|2
nvRx Mvjvg gvk`i gvag gywRe PMvg gRi wRqvi KvQ mvqvZ
RvnvR _K A bvgZ bv `qvi Rb GKwU wb`k cvVvb| wK G evcvi
wRqv Kvbv mwq fwgKv cvjb bv Kivq3 cieZxKvj Zvi mv_ Avi hvMvhvM
Kiv nqwb|
gRi iwdKi eivZ w`q Avwb gvmKibnvm RvbvQb :
26 ZvwiL wRqv PMvg e`i Ggwf mvqvZ _K Ak I Mvjvevi`
Lvjvmi KvR Z`viwK Kivi Rb iIqvbv nq hvb| cw_ga wZwb bZ
cvb h, cvwKvwb nvbv`viiv B ej iwRgU K` AvgY Pvwjq
e wbi evOvwj mb nZv KiQ| GB Lei b m mB wRqv wdi
Avmb Ges we`vn hvM `b| ZviciB Zvi mbmvg wbq wZwb cwUqvq
4
Pj hvb, hLvb Kwe ejvj ZvK Avwevi Kib|

AmnhvMKvj 7 gvP 1971 c` HwZnvwmK fvlY gywRe ejb :

... cZK Ni Ni `yM Mo Zvj| Zvgv`i hv wKQy AvQ ZvB w`q ki
gvKvejv KiZ ne Ges Rxebi Zi ivvNvU hv-hv AvQ mewKQy Avwg
hw` Kzg `evi bvI cvwi Zvgiv e Ki `e|... Gevii msMvg Avgv`i
gywi msMvg, Gevii msMvg ^vaxbZvi msMvg|

Gic NvlYvi ci Ges 23 gvP ^vaxb evsjvi cZvKv Dvjbi ci 25,26

1
2
3
4

W. gvnv` nvbbvb,evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm (gywhy ce), c~ev, cv 149

Avwb gvmKibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 132
Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 8
Avwb gvmKibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv-132

wRqvDi ingvb

265

ev 27 gvP Kvbvic NvlYv bv `qv njI ^vaxbZv msMvgi Kvbv

BZi-wekl nZ bv| cvK nvbv`vievwnbxi Acvikb mvPjvBUi ci Kvdy
wkw_ji c_g myhvMB XvKvevmx XvKv Qo Mvgvj nq fviZ Mgb i Ki
Ges vb vb `kevmx cwZiva Av`vjb i Ki| `ymvn ci 10 Gwcj
AvbyvwbKfve ^vaxbZvi NvlYvc cKvk I cPvi Kiv nq Ges Avqx miKvi
NvlYv Kiv nq| Ze BZvc~e gywRe, nvbvb I wekl Ki wRqvi NvlYv
RbMYi gbvej ew KiQ -G welq Kvbv m`n bB|
7 gvPi Avnvb mvov w`q Kwe ejvj gvnv`i bZZ PMvg
eZvii k mwbKiv 26 gvP 1971 nvbv`vi mvgwiK miKvii msev` cPvi
e Ki `q Ges Aciv kni _K `i KvjyiNvU _K ^vaxb evsjv wecex5
eZvi K` vcb Kib| mLvb _K ejv AvovBUvq GgG nvbvbi K
gywRei ^vaxbZv NvlYv6 mPvi Kiv nq|
ciw`b 27 gvP kni _K 16 gvBj `i cwUqvq AevbiZ Ag B
ej iwRgUi mb`i AwabvqK gRi wRqvK ejvj gvnv` I Zvi
eziv eZvi K`wUi wbivcvi `vwqZ MnYi Abyiva Rvbvj mv_ mv_ wZwb
ivwR nq 3 UvK mb wbq weKvj KvjyiNvU Avmb Ges eZvi K`i
Pviw`K Zv`i gvZvqb Kib| mvq wbZv KZnjek ejvj
gvnv`i Abyiva wRqv ^K wbv NvlYv `b :

133

266

Zwjqvcvovq AbywZ Kbdvi wRqv ivgMo _K Gm hvM`vb Kib|

ci wRqv Mviv cvnvoi cv``k ZjXvjvq Gm Aevb MnY Kib Ges
ZZxq, c_g I Ag ej GKwZ nq 25 Ryb bvMv` evsjv`ki c_g
c`vwZK weMW wnme RW dvm msMwVZ10 nq| RW dvm 28 RyjvB ch
mevK hyi cwkY MnYi ci 31 RyjvB ^`k cek Ki myL hy wj
nq|
^vaxbZvi ci 7 Gwcj 1972 Rbvij Imgvbx I Rbvij Avyi ie
mvgwiKevwnbx _K Aemi MnY Kib| 8 Gwcj mwwjZ Kgv evwZj Ki
mbv, b I wegvb-GB wZbwU evwnbx MVb Kiv nq| mbvevwnbx cavb c`i Rb
kwdDjvn I wRqv mghvMZv mb njI evB-b^i wRqv wmwbqi wQjb| wK
Imgvbxi mycvwik mwdDjvnK cavb Kiv nq| mvnLvbK ci GKwU bZzb c`
WcywU wPd Ae Avwg vd mw Ki H c` wRqvK cvws `qv nq| cavb
nZ bv cvivi vf wbqB wRqv Dc-cavbi c` hvM `b|
15 AvM 1975 fvi `iRv avv w`q Nyg fvwOq gRi iwk` Kbj
kvdvqvZ RvwgjK gywRe nZvi Lei `q Ges GKB mv_ Gi wei Kvbv
eev bv bqvi gwK `q| GgZvevq kvdvqvZ weMW nWKvqvUvi hvIqvi
c_ wRqvi evmvq hvb| wRqv ZLb kf KiwQjb Ges NUbv mK AeMZ
nq kvdvqvZK ejb :
So what, President is dead? Viee President is there, Get your troops ready.
11
Uphold the constitution?

I Major Zia, Provisional Commander in Chief of the Bangladesh

Liberation Army hereby proclaim on behalf of our great leader the
Supreme Commander of Bangladesh Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the
7
indeperndence of Bangladesh.

GfveB 27 gvPi NvlYvi gvag wRqv evsjv`ki BwZnvm Zvi vb

Ki bb| A_P 26 gvP ch GwUK GKwU ivRbwZK Ges emvgwiK evcvi
weePbvq wRqv evsjv`k-Av`vjb wbRK RovZ Pvbwb|8
PMvg cwZiva hy wRqvi mbv`j Qf nq hvq Ges wZwb ivgMo
Aevb bb| Gwcji c_g mvn weGmGd -Gi weMwWqvi cvi Z_ I
Abyiva Abyhvqx Zwjqvcvov nWKvqvUvi _K PZz_ I wZxq eji `yUv
kwkvjx KvvwbK wRqvi mvnvhv_ ivgMo cvVvbv nq| cii mvn9
5
6
7
8
9

`yw`b ci wecex kwU cwinvi Ki ^vaxb evsjv eZvi K` bvgKiY Kiv nq

25 gvP gaivZ MdZvii wKQyY AvM wZwb ^vaxbZvi NvlYv c`vb Kib
wmivRD``xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 346
Avwb gvmKibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 131
AavcK Avey mvBwq` Zuvi Rj nZvKv M (cv 7) ejb h, 4 Gwcj 1971 mvgwiK
AwabvqKMY Zwjqvcvovq wgwjZ nq ImgvbxK hy cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ c`vbi wmv
bb| kwdDjvn, wRqv I Lvj` gvkviidi bZZ h_vg Gm, RW I K bvg wZbwU
dvm MVb Kiv nq

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Rbvij mwdDjvn Rvbvb :

eez nZvKvi Lei b Avgvi KvQ Lvj` gvkviid QyU Avmb bvBU12
WmB, Avi wRqv nvwRi nq wKb kf-avc`yi nq|

gywRe nZv gvgjvq mwdDjvni mv13 _K Rvbv hvq, 15 AvM 1975

fvi ZvK Nyg _K WK Zvj Avgvi I AvwUjvwi kni iwWI mUvi,
MYfeb I 32 b^i ivWi (avbgw) w`K hvQ Rvbvbv nj, wZwb kwZ nq
Zvi wWGgAvB j. Kbj mvjvnDwbi gvag kvdvqvZ RvwgjK 3wU c`vwZK
evUvwjqvb w`q I`i cwZnZ Kivi wb`k `b| GKB mv_ wZwb b I
wegvbevwnbx cavb Ges mbvevwnbxi Dccavb wRqv I wPd Ae Rbvij vd
Lvj` gvkviidK dvb NUbv Rvwbq `Z Zvi evmvq AvmZ ejb| 1520 wgwbUi gaB wRqv BDwbdig cwiwnZ nq I Lvj` bvBU-Wm Gm
10
11
12
13

Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.), GKvii gywhy iv ga AvM I lohgq bf^i,

c~ev, cv 58
Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj, GKvii gywhy iv ga AvM I lohgq bf^i, c~ev, cv 103
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, AvMvgx cKvkbx, XvKv 1999, cv 57
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 196-97

wRqvDi ingvb

267

cuQvb| BZvc~e cwiZ wb`ki Kvbv cwZwqv `LZ bv cq kwdDjvn

Lvj`K `Z 46 weMW wMq kvdvqvZK mvnvh Kivi wb`k w`j wRqv
ejb : Don't send him, he is going to spoil it'. wKQyY ci
kwdDjvni Awdm AevbKvj iwWIZ gywRe nZvi NvlYv cPvwiZ nj wRqv
kwdDjvK ejb :
wmwRGm Lvj` gvkviidK Avi evBi h w`I bv| ZvK ejv Ops order
Zwi KiZ, KviY Bwqvb Avwg gvBU MU Bb - Bb w`m wcU|

G mgq gRi (Ae.) Wvwjg 10-15 Rb mk mbmn Awdm XzK

kwdDjvnK iwWI kb hZ cxovcxwo Ki| AY ci b I wegvb
cavb Avmb| GKwU wRc Ki gRi iwk` I gRi (Ae.) Wvwjg Rbvij
kwdDjvK GmKU Ki iwWI Awdm wbq hvq| cQb mk Avwgi Mvwomn
b I wegvb cavbi Mvwo Zv`i AbymiY Ki| wRqvI GB enii AbyMvgx nq
iwWI kb I ci efeb hvb| cmZ DjL, 1524 AvM 1975
kwdDjvn mbv cavb _vKv ch wRqv I ZvK meY GKmv_13/1 GK
Acii Qvqvi gZv jM _vKZ `Lv hvq|
kwdDjvn Aviv RvbvQb,14 AvjvPbv, mfv cfwZ ARynvZ Zv`iK 18
AvM mKvj ch efeb AvUK ivLv nq| mLvb _K wdi Gm wZwb 18
AvM ivZ GKwU Kbdvi Ges 19 AvM digkb Kgvvi`i Aci GKwU
Kbdvi WK PBb Ae Kgv cwZv I DQLj Awdmvi`i kvw
`Iqvi D`vM bb| 22 AvM efeb wMq GKB Dk U~cm wdwiq Gb
wiMwcs-Gi cve Kij gvkZvK ZvK Acvq _vKZ (wait and see)
ejb| Gici 24 AvM `ycyi 12Uvi w`K GKUv wbDR eyjwUb Rbvij
ImgvbxK cwmWUi wWd GvWfvBRvi Kivi NvlYv `Iqvi ciB
gvkZvK kwdDjvnK weKvj mvo cuvPUvq efeb hZ ejb| wbavwiZ mgq
wZwb efeb wMq Rbvij wRqv I Rbvij LwjjK mLvb _K ei nq
AvmZ `Lb| Imgvbx I gvkZvK DfqB ZvK we`k `Zvevm wbqvMi
cve `b| wZwb mwZ bv w`q KvUbgU wdi Gm `Lb, wRqv
BZvga wPd15 wnme `vwqZ MnY Ki Awdmvi`i mv_ mfv KiQb| `ki
ivcwZi gZzmsev` b wRqvi ZvZ Kx? (so what) ejv, Abiv hLvb
13/1
14
15

Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.), GKvii gywhy iv ga AvM I lohgq bf^i,

c~ev, 111
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 198-99
kwdDjvn& Zvi mv G-I Rvbvb h, Kbj Zvni GKw`b Zvi Awdm Gm ZvK
AcZvwkZfve wRqvi Rb mbvcavbi c`Uv Qo w`Z ej| GRb ZvniK gwWKwj
Aemi MnY eva Kiv nq| gRi Rbvij Lwjjyi ingvbi mv _K Rvbv hvq, dvb
cq 24 AvM 4Uvq efeb Mj Imgvbx ZvK wPd Ae wWd vd I wRqvK wPd
Ae Avwg vd NvlYv Kib (W. nvbbvb, eezi nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv
195-96 I 201)

134

268

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

kvbvgv bk-cvkvK mbvcavbi evmvq nvwRi, mLvb Zvi avc`yi nq

Avmv, wbivc _vKv, wmwRGm Lvj`K GKkvb MnY _K weiZ ivLZ ejv,
fviZxq mbvevwnbxi AvgYi Avkv Kiv, AhvwPZ nq eZviK` I
efeb hvIqv, kwdDjvni mv_ Qvqvi gZ jM _vKv, 10 w`bi gaB clY
kwdDjvnK ciiv gYvjq e`wjRwbZ mbvcavbi kbc` hvM`vb Kiv
cfwZ welq weklY Kij nZvKvi mv_ wRqvi msjMZv/wew`ZZv cZxqgvb
nq|
1974-G mbv-Awfhvb Gm dviKMs kvmK`ji bZe`i mv_
Acivax`i mK `LZ cvq Ges ZLbB cwZKvii Rb GKUv wKQy Kivi
K_v fve| GKchvq mewKQyi Rb gywReK `vqx Ki ZuvK nZvi wmv
bq Ges Zuvi weK wnme wRqvi K_v fve| dviKi fvlvq :
H mgq Rbvij wRqvi cwZ Avgvi AMva kveva wQj| Avgvi BQ wQj,
mbvevwnbxi mnvqZvq ZvK `ki kvmbfvi Zzj bqvi Abyiva Rvbvev|16

Ze G K_v mivmwi ejv me wQj bv ej `ki `ybxwZ, Lyb-ivnvRvwb

cfwZ cm AvjvPbvi GKchvq `k GKUv cwieZb cqvRb Ges m
Zvi mg_b I bZZ Kvgbvi Di wRqv ejb :
Avwg `ytwLZ| Avwg G aibi KvR wbRK RovZ PvB bv| Zvgiv Rywbqi
Awdmviiv hw` GKUv wKQy KiZ PvI, Zvnj Zvgv`i wbR`iB Zv Kiv DwPZ|
AvgvK Gmei ga Ubv bv|17

Ze iwk`i aviYv wQj, kL gywReK nZv KiZ cvij wRqvI Zv`i

mg_b Kie|18 KviY wRqv KLbvB Zv`i G-KvR _K weiZ ivLvi Pv
Kibwb|
KvbvWv Uwjwfkbi Rb Avwb gvmKvibnvmi KvQ c` mvvrKvii
wfwWI KvmU I 30 g 1976 msLv mvbW UvBgm cwKv jb _K msMn
Ki Av`vjZ c`kb Kiv nq| GZ `Lv hvq dviK ejQb :
cuPvii 28 gvP Rbvij wRqvK gvbR Kwi| m mgq wRqvi ee wQj
wmwbqi Awdmvi`i c mivmwi wKQy Kiv me bq| Zvgiv Rywbqiiv KiZ
PvBj Mv GvnW|19

D cwKvi 11 bs cvq I halped to kill Mujib, dare you put me on trial

wkivbvg cKvwkZ UgU (hv H KvmUi mvvrKvii Abyic) ejv nq :
16
17
18
19

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii, FY, c~ev, cv 48

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 48
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 207
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 60

wRqvDi ingvb

269

... the man who engineered the killing of the father of

Bangladesh, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, in August last year,
challenges the present resime to put him on trail for murder. The
man, Lieutenant Colonl Farook Rahman, accuses the present
resime, led by Ceneral Ziaur Rahma of betraying a movement that
considered reform so vital that it killed the states founding father
in an effort to achive it.20

135

270

Kvhwewai 164 avivgZ j. Kbj gwnDwb (AvwUjvwi) Av`vjZ Zvi `vl

^xKvivwgjK Revbew`Z ejb :
... wRqvDi ingvb gZvq Avmvi ci we`k cvVvbv mKj gRi`iK26
KUbwZK wgkb PvKwi `b| wK gRi iwk` I dviK PvKwi wbZ A^xKvi
Kib Ges AvwgZ cybenvj nIqvi loh KiZ _vKb| gRi iwk`,
gRi dviK I gRi Wvwjg 1976 mb Mvcb nVvr evsjv`k Pj Avmb
Ges gRi dviK mvfvi mbvwbevm wMq ej Kfvjwii Kgv nvZ Zzj
bb| eovq AevbiZ ej Kfvjwii Ab BDwbUi mbivI dviK
ingvb mLvb bv Mj Zviv gvP Kwiqv XvKv Avwme ewjqv gwK w`j
dviK ingvb eov Pwjqv hvq Ges mLvb wMq jvvi BDwbUi Kgv MnY
Kib| Rbvij wRqv dviK ingvbK XvKvq diZ Avbb| ci GB
Aciva GB BDwbUi AbK mwbKK KvU gvkvj Ki wewfb gqv`i mvRv
`b, GgbwK BDwbUwUK wbwl Ki `b| wK gRi dviKK mvRv bv
w`q we`k ciY Kib| BwZga gRi dviKi m AvMZ gRi iwk`
Ges gRi Wvwjg XvKv KvUbgU wMq 2-wd AvwUjvwii Kgv I KUvj
nvZ bIqvi Pv Pvjvb Ges mwbK jvBb wMq we`vn Kivi DmKvwb w`Z
_vKb| wK wRqvDi ingvb Zv`i wei Kvbv kvwgjK eev27 MnY
bv Ki 3/4 w`b ci we`k diZ cvVvb| BnvZ Avgvi gb nq h, 15
AvMi NUbvq wRqvDi ingvbi mswkZv wQj, hvi Rb wZwb dviK Ges
iwk`i KvQ LyeB `yej wQjb|28

GQvov Kvhwewai 164 avivgZ Av`vjZ c` `vl ^xKvivwgjK

Revbew`Z dviK ejb : ... Avjvci gvag wZwb (wRqv) AvgvK
instegate Ki ejjb, `k euvPvbvi Rb GKUv wKQy Kiv `iKvi|'21
1976 mvji RyjvB gvm Avwb gvmKvibnvm dviKi ejv Gme K_v
mK mvgbvmvgwb wRvmv Kij wRqv Zv ^xKvi ev A^xKvi bv Ki Reve`vb
_K weiZ _vKb| Avwbi fvlvq, Avwg cybivq Reve cvIqvi cPv Pvjvj ,
wZwb AvgvK eeQi ai evsjv `ki evBi ivLvi eev Kib|22 inmgq
KviY wRqv kLjvfi AwfhvM PvKwiPzZ gRi`i ckq`vb Kib|
kwdDjvni fvlvq,
LywbP memgqB cqQ wRqvi Avkq-ckq|... mbv kLjv f Kivq gRi
23
biK PvKwiPZ KiwQjvg, wK ZvK kvi `q wRqv|

cuPvii AvMi c_g _KB Wvwjg I biK KvUbgU jb-Uwbm

KvUi Avkcvk Nvivwdiv KiZ I Uwbm LjZ `Lv hZv| Iiv Rywbqi I
PvKwiPzZ Awdmvi nIqvq G wQj A^vfvweK| XvKvi kb Kgvvi j. Kbj
nvwg`i Zvgiv Kvi AbygwZ wbq GLvb LwjZ Avm cki Reve gRi bi
Rvbvq h, Zviv Rbvij wRqvi AbygwZ wbq LjZ Avm|24 ay ZvB bq,
mbvcavb nqI wRqv AvwgZ PBb Ae Kgv wdwiq Avbvi Kvbv Pv Kib
wb|
Ggb wK gywRei nZvKvi ci gZvmxb gvkZvK-wRqv nZvKv RwoZ
mbvevwnbx _K PvKwi nvivbv`i PvKwiB Kej diZ `bwb, ivZvivwZ
cgvkb w`q I`i cyiZ Kiv nqwQj |25

20
21
22
23
24
25

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 222

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 206
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 48
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 57
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 166
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 60-61

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

26

27

28

gywRe nZv gvgjvi 60 bs mvx iv`Z Avyjvn Avj nvmvb ciiv gYvjqi bw_ I
mbv-m`ii wPwV Dcvcb Ki ejb : Rbvij wRqvi mvgwiK kvmb Avgj 1976
mvji 16 AvM mbv-m`ii GB wPwVZ cuPvii AvM nZvhi mv_ RwoZ 12 Rb
mbv-Awdmvii PvKwi ciiv gYvjqi Aaxb b Ki wewfb `k evsjv`k
`Zvevm cvVvbvi eev Kiv nqwQj
Lyb nIqvi AvM mvo 5 eQii kvmbvgj wRqvi wei 20wU we`vn/Afzvbi Pv
e_ nq| 1980 mvji klw`K we`k evsjv`ki wewfb `Zvevmi PvKwiZ cybevwmZ
AvM-nZvKvixiv Mvcb wgwjZ nq wRqvK DrLvZi GKwU loh Ki| GKchvq Zv
duvm nq Mj Zv`i mevBK XvKvq Zje Kiv nq| loKvixiv mve wec` AuvP KiZ
ci (PvKwi ZvM Ki) hyivRmn wewfb `k ivRbwZK Avkq MnY ev divwi
Rxebhvcb Ki| hw`I GRb mbvevwnbxZ KgiZ j. Kbj `x`vij Avjg, j. Kbj
bibex Lvb cgyLi wewfb gqv`i Kviv` nq| wK mfvMevb Lybxiv cieZx Gikv`
Avgj webv AbygwZZ cvq wZb eQii AbycwwZKvji cyiv eZb-fvZvmn wZxqevi
c~beevwmZ nq Ges 1996 mvji Ryb kL nvwmbvi gZv MnYi c~ec
h eMg
Lvj`vi AvgjI Abyic RvgvB Av`i jvf Ki| myZivs G`i cv myhvM-myweav 15
AvM I 3 bf^i KZ Rj nZvKviB cyivi wQj ej cZxqgvb nq
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev,cv 218| iwk` dviK,
Wvwjgi evsjv`k AvMgbi mvjwU D M gy`Y cmv` ekZ 1971 DwjwLZ nqQ

wRqvDi ingvb

271

Kvhwewai 164 avivgZ Zvni Dwb VvKzii `vl ^xKvivwgjK

Revbew`Z29 `Lv hvq, 14 AvM 1975 `ycyi mwPevjqi evwYR gYvjq
mvvr KiZ Mj VvKziK gvkZvK ejb h :
...GB mvn30 weMwWqvi wRqv `yBevi GmwQjb| m Ges Zvnvi jvKiv
ZvovZvwo wKQy GKUv Kivi Rb Awi nq DVQb|

VvKzii wRvmvi Reve gvkZvK Aviv Rvbvq :

ejc~eK gZv e`jvBZ Pvq| cqvRbeva h-Kvbv KvR KiZ cZ|...
Avgvi WvKi Rb Acv Kiv|

Lye ewk Acv KiZ nqwb| ciw`b fviB Zv`i gZv `Lji WvK
Gm hvq| wK nZvKv I gZvi cUcwieZbi 81 w`bi gv_vq 3 bf^i
weMwWqvi Lvj` gvkviid, weMwWqvi bivgvb (ixevwnbxi mveK cavb)
I Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgji bZZ GKwU ^vqx mvgwiK Afzvb msMwVZ
nj wRqv e`x nb Ges 6 bf^i ivZ 12Uvq bvivq ZvKwei-Avjv AvKevi,
wmcvB wmcvB fvB fvB-Awdmvi`i i PvB cfwZ vMvb w`q GjvcvZvwo
wj QyoZ QyoZ wmcvBiv Lybx gRi gwnDwbi (AvwUjvwi) bZZ gZvi
nvwej`vi mvivqvii bZZ ej jvvii GK`j mb wRqvK gy Ki 2q
wd iwRgU wbq Avm|
gy nqB wRqv Rbvij LwjjK dvb Ki ejb, Avwg gy| Avwg ek
AvwQ| Avgvi Rb wKQy fveeb bv| Avcwb `qv Ki LeiUv gvwKb, wewUk Ges
fviZxq iv`Z`i Rvwbq w`b (Avwb, c~ev-121), ciw`b mKvj
wgkbjvZ wis Ki Lwjj RvbZ cvib, BZvga wRqv Zv`i mv_ K_v
ejQb | 7 bf^i `ycyi wRqv mwbK msvi 12 `dvq ^vi KijI
mbvevwnbxi eZb ew,31 evmvb, cvkvKi eev MnY I AegvbvKi
evUgvbc_v evwZj Kivi NvlYv `vb Qvov Ab `vwejv mK bxie _vKb
Ges 23 bf^i wecei AwffveK ie, Rwjj, Bby, dvBU mvRU Avey BDmyd
29
30

31

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 220

MvbvWv Uwjwfkbi Rb Avwb gvmKvibnvmi KvQ c` mvvrKvi iwk` ejwQjb,
AvMi c_g mvnB nZvi cwiKbv wbq gvkZvKi mv_ K_v nq| (W. nvbbvb,
c~ev, cv 60)
gywRe-nZv gvgjvi 47 bs mvx gRi Rbvij (Ae.) Lwjjyi ingvb wewWAvi Gi
WvBii _vKvKvj (1974) mkevwnbxZ zZv j Kib| Zvi fvlvq ZLb
mvgwiKevwnbxi Rb c_K eZb Kwgkb MVb bv Kivi KviY mvgwiKevwnbxi ga
Amvl wQj| mvgwiK-emvgwiK h_ eZb Kwgkb mvgwiK evwnbxi cwZwbwaZ Kib
Rbvij wRqv| wK R. wRqv GB welqwU KLbI Kwgkb Zzj aib bvB| (W. nvbbvb,
eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, c~ev, cv 200)

136

272

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

(Zvnii eofvB) I Kbj ZvniK (XvKv wekwe`vjqi GKwU nj jywKq_vKv Aevq) MdZvi Kivi gvag KvhZ wmcvnx wecei mgvw NUvb| ci
1975 mvji 7 bf^i eafve MwVZ miKvi DrLvZi cPv, I Abvb
AwfhvM Zvnimn Rvm`, wecex MYevwnbx, wecex mwbK msvi 33 RbK
K`xq KvivMvi wekl fve MwVZ mvgwiK Av`vjZ wePvi Kiv nq|
inmRbK ZwoNwoi GB wePvi Zvnii duvwm, iei 10 eQii mkg
Kviv`mn wewfbRbi wewfb gqv` kvw nq|32 wRqvK ew`Z _K
gyKvix ZvniB nj Zvi c_g wkKvi|
cmg DjL, 28 m^i 1977 AviI GKwU wmcvnx wece/we`vn
msMwVZ nq| Gevi wRqvK bvqKi cwieZ wekvmNvZK AvLvwqZ Ki Zvi
AcmviY PvIqv nq| KqKRb mxmn kni GKwU Mvcb vb AvMvcb Ki
wZwb iv cvb| 2 Avei we`vn _g Mj cieZx `ygvmi ga GRb
1,143 RbK duvwmmn ekZ mwbKK 10 eQi _K hvexeb Kviv` `wZ
Kiv nq| KvU gvkvji cPwjZ wbqgI G gvbv nqwb| wePviKi jvBm
wbq mb`i nZv Kiv nqwQj gv|33
6 bf^i w`evMZ gaivZ (7 bf^i) AixYvev _K gy nq wRqv
mbvevwnbxi `vwqZ MnY Kib Ges wbRK cavb mvgwiK AvBb ckvmK NvlYv
Kib| DQLjZvc~Y ivwi Aemvbi ci 7 bf^i ejv 11Uvq 2q wd
AvwUjvwii m`i-`dZi fwelr Kgcv wVK Kivi Dk wRqv GKwU mfv
WvKb| mfvq Abvb`i ga Rbvij Imgvbx, Rbvij Lwjj, wegvbevwnbxi
cavb ZvIqve, bevwnbxi cavb GgGBP Lvb, cwmWUi mwPe gvneyeyj
Avjg Pvlx, Kbj Zvni cgyL DcwZ wQjb| mfvq Imgvbx I Pvlx DvwcZ
ivcwZ c` gvkZvKK cybenvji cve MnY bv Ki mvqgK envj ivLv
nq| cwmWUi gZvi Ici Ab Kviv gZv _vKv wVK bq Rbvij Lwjj
I Kbj Zvnii GB hyw MnY Ki mvqgKB wmGgGjG Ges wZb
evwnbxcavbK mgghv`vi wWwmGgGjG Kiv nq| ejv evj, G wmv wRqvi
cQ` nqwb Ges 28 bf^i 1976 ivZ Gikv`, gyi, gxi kIKZ Ges b I
wegvbevwnbx cavbq mgwfevnvi efeb wMq wRqvi AbyKj wmGgGjGi
c` nvii KvMR ^vi w`Z mvqgK eva Kib|34 Gici 21 Gwcj
1977 mvqg kvixwiK AmyZvi KviY cwmWUi `vwqZ cvjb Ag nq
32
33
34

ie, Rwjj I gvnv` kvnRvnvb AvM _KB ew` wQjb Ges wecei dj 7 bf^iB
gyw cvb| ieK ci GK gv NvlYvq gyw `qv nq
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 154-59
cvVvbx Rbvij AvRg Lvb hgb wcj DuwPq cwmWUi c`ZvMc Bv`vi wgRvi
^vi msMn Ki AvBqye LvbK gZvq emvZ mvnvh KiwQjb

wRqvDi ingvb

273

wRqvK gbvbxZ Ki cwmWUi `vwqZfvi AcY Kib|35 ZLb Zvi eqm

gv 43 eQi| Dccavb mvgwiK AvBb ckvmK _vKvKvj wRqv GKB mv_ ^iv,
A_ I Z_ gYvjqi `vwqZ36 wQjb| m-mgq Zv eUB, GgbwK Zvi mvo
5 eQi kvmbvgj RjnZvKv Z` KwgkbK KvR KiZ wZwb mwZ
`bwb| AvM nZvKv Zvi mswkZv wbq bvbv gnj AvjvPbv _vKjI
RjnZvi evcvi gvbyl ZvK m`n Ki bv| wK G-evcvi AvBbK
^vfvweK MwZZ PjZ bv `qvi KviY evaMg bq|
mvqgK mwiq cwmWUi `vwqZfvi MnY Kivi ciw`b GK NvlYvq
wRqv msweavb mskvab37 Kib| ivi agwbic Pwi envj iLB
msweavbi cvi wemwgjvwni ivngvwbi ivwng kmgn mshvRb Ki `kK
Bmjvgx Pwii aviYv w`q RbMYi mv_ cZviYv38 Kiv nq| evOvwj
RvZxqZvev` Awekvmx I ^vaxbZvweivax cvwKvwb gbvfvevcb`i
ivRbwZK AwaKvi wdwiq `qvi Rb bvMwiKZ evsjv`kxK RvZxqZvev`
Awfavq Dcvcb Kiv nq| ivcwZ nIqvi cii gvm wRqv GKwU jvK`Lvbv MYfvUi AvqvRb Kib| 1978 mvj mvsweavwbKfve AhvM nqI
wRqv ivcwZ wbevPb evcK KviPzwci Avkq wbq wbevwPZ nb| 1 wWm^i
1978 wRqv Gikv`K Gwcj gvmi evK WU w`q39 wPd Ae Avwg vd
wbqvM Kib| hvi A_ ivcwZ wbevPbi mgq wZwb wPd Ae Avwg vd wnme
miKvwi PvKwiZ _K eZb-fvZv MnY KiQb| G KviY wZwb ivcwZ c`
cv_x nIqvi AhvM wQjb| GB AhvMZvK Govbvi Rb wZwb Aeafve
29 Gwcj wZxq NvlYv (qv`k mskvabx) 1978, Rvwi Kib| G cm GK
mvsevw`K mjb wRqv ejb :
Imgvbx Gg.wc. nqI (gywhyi mgqjLK) Kgvvi Bb wPd c` envj
wQjb| Avwg Zv wmBbwm nq wZb evwnbx cavbi gvag Avgvi gZvi
eenvi KiwQ gv| Avgvi c`ZvM `ki Rb Lye fvjv ne bv|40
35

36
37
38
39
40

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 134-35| cmg DjL,

KqK eQi ci GK mvsevw`K mjb wRqv ejwQjb : Avwg gZv `Lj Kwiwb|
AvgvK gZvq emvbv nqwQj| (Avwb, evsjv`k : ii FY, cv-135)| mvqg
cwmWU I wmGgGjG-Dfq `vwqZB h_vh_fve cvjb KiwQjb Ges c~e cwZkwZ
Abyhvqx deqvwiZ wbevPbi eev KiwQjb| cKZ cve wbevPbK fyj Kivi Rb
Ges wbRK cZ Kivi Rb wRqv wmGgGjG c` Rvi Ki `Lj KiwQjb
AavcK Avey mvBwq`, Rj nZvKv, c~ev, cv 37
NvlYv w`q Gic mskvab msweavbi cwicx KvR
ci Gikv` BmjvgK ivxq ag NvlYv Ki GKB cZviYv Kib
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 137
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 138

137

274

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

G mgq wZwb mvdvwi-myU cwiwnZ Rbvij wnme AvLvwqZ nb| wK

gvkvj-j ijkb ejeZ _vKvq Gi wei mw`b eaZvi ck Kvbv KvU
Dvcb Kiv me nqwb|
1979 mvj mvgwiK I emvgwiK ckvmb I gvvbevwnbx KvR jvwMq
wRqv GKwU ivevi v cvjvgU wbevPbi eev Kib| Zvi gbvbxZ
cv_x`i ga 250 RbB wQj `vjvj-Mvi ivRbxwZwe`| wZwb ivRvKvi Kj
wkivgwY`i AbZg kvn AvwRRK cavbgx wbqvM Kib| 6 Gwcj 1979
cvjvgU msweavbi cg mskvax cvm Ki gvkZvKi RvwiKZ mvgwiK
Av`k I BbWgwbwU Aav`kmn hveZxq KvjvKvbyb msweavbi Afz Kiv
nq|
cvwKvwb mbvevwnbxi Mvq`vwefvM KvR Kivi AwfZv KvR jvwMq
wZwb gZvi kxl AvivnY Kib Ges MYfvU, ivcwZ I RvZxq msm`
wbevPb wecyjfvU Rqx nq gZvK msnZ Kib| Gici wZwb AvRxeb
cwmWU _vKvi evmbv gb cvlY KiZ _vKb|41 GRb wZwb ewMZfve
mr _vKjI Dk mvabi wbwg `ybxwZK cvwZvwbK42 Ki Zzjb| wZwb
GKw`K NvlYv w`jb : 'I will make politics difficult for the
politician.' Abw`K Zvi AbyMnfvMx`i Rb NvlYv w`jb : 'Money is no
problem.' ZiY mgvRK Zvi cQb KvZview` Kiv I Zv`i bwZKZvK asm
Ki xobK cwiYZ Kivi Rb wZwb mw Kib hye Kgc| Kej 197980 I 80-81 -GB `yB A_eQi nvU-evRvi _K msMnxZ cvq mvo 12 KvwU
UvKv Iiv AvmvZ43 Ki| Abvb Drmi UvKv hvM nj UvKvi A AbK eo
ne|
`ybxwZi Aci GKwU LvZ wQj wRqvi Z_vKw_Z ^Qvkgi wfwZ
LvjKvUv wece| Kv`vj nvZ kwgK wRqv I Zvi gxiv AbK Xvj-mniZ
Ki wUwf c`vq G wece mvab Kib| eve KD webv cvwikwgK KvR
Kiwb| KvRi wewbgq Lv` I Abvb Drm _K G KgmwPZ A_ hvMvb
`qv nq| A_P H A_i wmsnfvM Pj hvq weGbwc Kgx`i cKU44 wKsev
vbxq KgKZv`i cKU|
wRqvi Aci GKwU mL wQj gvawgK-DPgvawgK ii gavex Qv`i
wbq b-wenvi Kiv| Gi gvag wZwb ewMZfve I`i mv_ cwiwPZ nb I
41
42
43
44

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 135

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 139
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev cv 140
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev cv 140

wRqvDi ingvb

275

ci Zv`iK Zvi `ji QvdU wizU Kib| Aekl Zv`i AbKB `kLvZ kcvwY mvmx wnme cwiwPZ nqQ|
wRqvi mvo 5 eQii kvmbvgj Kvbv eo aibi cvKwZK `yhvM nqwb|
e`wkK mvnvhcv A_ myweavfvMx`i Rb XvKvi evRvi mwLb cY fi
IV| Abw`K Mvgvj gvbyli Afve evoZ _vK| G aibi Aevq mvm,
AcivaRwbZ NUbv Avi nZvkv ew cvIqv LyeB ^vfvweK| wRqv Avi RbMYDfqci RbB iwOb ^c vb nq hZ _vK| ivRbwZK nZv Avi WvKvwZ
cPzi cwigvY eo hvq| Kzwqvq cywjk Kbeji nvZ Rjv ckvmK cZ
nq| xjvK`i Dci AZvPvi, alY fqifve eo hvq Ges GZ cywjki
nvZ _vKvi cgvYI cvIqv hvq| G aibi AcKg evsjv`k Gi AvM Ggb
evcKnvi NUZ KLbI kvbv hvqwb|45 m-mgq GK mvsevw`K mjb
AvBbkLjv cwiwwZi AebwZ NUQ ej ^qs wRqvI ^xKvi46 Kib| Wv.
Rvdijvn Payixi fvlvq : wVK kL gywRei kl w`bjvi gZv, wicvU I
Re PZzw`K Qwoq cowQj h, AwPiB wKQy GKUv NUZ hvQ|47 GgbB
cwiwwZZ PMvgi wRIwm gRi Rbvij Aveyj gyii ccvlKZvq j.
Kbj gwZDi ingvb, j. Kbj gvneyeiy ingvb, j. Kbj `jvqvi nvmb,
69 c`vwZKi weMW gRi GmGg Lvwj` cgyLi cwiKbvq 30g 1981 AwZ
cZzl PMvg mvwKU nvDm wRqvK nZv Kiv nq| NvZKiv webv evavq mvwKU
nvDm XzK mKjK fq cvBq `Iqvi Rb wKQy Mvjvwj Qyo Ges
cwmWUi 4 bs Ki GKwU `iRv jvw_ gi fvOvi Pv Ki| Aci `iRv
w`q ewiq Gm wRqv Zvgiv Kx PvI? wRvmv Kivi gynZB j. Kbj gwZ
GmGgwR _K wj Pvwjq Zvi eyK SuvSiv Ki `q| `iRvi KvQB gSZ
gyL-_yei jywUq ci wRqvi cvYnxb `n| gwZ GmGgwRi bj w`q `nwUK
Dwq gyLgj Avi eyKi Dci wUMvi wUc iL gvMwRb Lvwj Ki Lybi bkv
gUvq|
cyiv AwfhvbwU 20 wgwbUiI Kg mgq mb nq| mdimx, vbxq
Abymvix I ckvmbi KD ZvK mvnvhi Rb GwMq Avmwb| gZzi ci mvgvb
kvI KD `Lvqwb| GKchvq Wv. e`ivRv Payix Zvi weQvbvi Pv`i w`q
gZ`nK XK `qvi c~ech Zv cowQj eIqvwik jvki gZ|

45
46
47

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev cv 143

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev cv 144
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev cv 144

138

276

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

cwiwk 13

AvZvDj Mwb Imgvbx

Kbj (^vaxbZvi ci Rbvij) gvnv` AvZvDj Mwb Imgvbxi wbZ mv_x wQj
cvlv KzKzi gwU (cvKevwnbxi wjZ nZ) I GKRvov Rx Muvd (hvK Lvov
ivLvi Rb gvg Nlvi KvR `wbK 2 Nv eq nq)| wZwb wQjb cP
AvBqyeweivax (wK Pjb-ejb AvBqyeK AbyKiYKvix)| wZxq wekhyi
mgqKvi Zvi KwZZi AbK Kvwnbx (AwaKvski KvQ AwZkqvw) kvbv
MjI Kbj wnmeB wZwb Aemi wbqwQjb| wZwb gb KiZb, ay evOvwj
nIqvi KviYB ZvK Kbji Dci cgvkb `qv nqwb, GgbwK wmwfj mvwfm
Kvbv DPc`I `qv nqwb|cvwKvwb Avgj BwcAvi I ej iwRgU GB
`ywU evwnbxi wZwbB D`vv ej `vwe KiZb| wbRi AZxZ KwZZ eYbvq
wZwb wQjb Kvwnxb| wZwb wbRi mvgwiK vb I Kkj mK DP aviYv
cvlY KiZb| 2 Gwcj 1971 -Gi ci Imgvbx Kzwgjvi gwZbMi mxgv cvi
nq fviZ Mgb Kib| weGmGd-Gi weMwWqvi cv ZvK nweMi
Zwjqvcvov (ej) nWKvqvUvi wbq Avmb| 4 Gwcj Zwjqvcvov PvevMvb Kbj AvZvDj Mwb Imgvbx, j. Kbj Avyi ie, gRi wRqvDi
ingvb, gRi Lvj` gvkviid, gRi mwdDjvn, gRi KvRx bivgvb, gRi
bij Bmjvg, gRi gwgb Paywi cgyL ekv`jiv cwZiva hyi bKkv
cYqb wgwjZ nb Ges B ej iwRgUi mKj we`vnx BDwbUi mg^q
mwwjZ gywdR MVb Ki ImgvbxK Zv cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ1 `qv nq| wZwb
wZxq I ZZxq ejK w`q fviZi mvbvgyov msjM MvgwZ b`x cvi nq
`wY-c~e w`K w`q Kzwgjv KvUbgU AvgY Ki `Lj Kivi cve Kib|
wK DaZb Awdmvi`i cej Avcwi gyL GB Amva I Aeve cve
bvKP nq evUvwjqb `yUv AziB wea nIqvi Avkv _K iv cvq|2
1

gC`yj nvmvb, gjaviv 1971, c~ev, cv 15| gywRebMi miKvii cavbgxi wcwcvj
GBW evwivi Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg (gywhyi wZ, cv 94) RvbvQb, mvsm` _vKv
mI ImgvbxK gywhyi cavb mbvcwZ Kivq e mvgwiK Awdmvi Am wQjb Ges
ZvK Gwoq PjQb| 1978 mvji Ryb gvm wRqv GKB m wmBbwm, wmGgGjG,
wmGGm c` envj _K ivcwZ c` cv_x nIqv Aea I AmvsweavwbK -GB cki
ReveI Imgvbx mvsm` nqI wmBbwm _vKvi DjL Kib| hw`I GwU wQj wRqvi Quv`v
hyw
Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.) GKvii gywhy iv ga AvM I lohgq bf^i,
mvwnZ cKvk, XvKv, 1998, cv 34-35

wRqvDi ingvb

Gwcji

277

139

278

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

AvZvDj Mwb Imgvbx

277

wZxq mvn Zwjqvcvov nWKvqvUvi GKwU eo aibi Kbdvi AbywZ

nq| GZ Imgvbx, wRqv, igwR (weGmGd cavb), cv, 2q I 4_
evUvwjqvb Ges weGmGd-Gi KqKRb wmwbqvi Awdmvimn evYevwoqvi
GmwWI KvRx iwKeDwb Avng` DcwZ wQjb| Kbdvi gywhy
evsjv`kK A, Mvjvevi` I Lv` mvgMx w`q fviZi mnvqZv`vb Ges
gywhyK eaZv`vb I AvRvwZK ^xKwZjvfi Rb GKwU Avqx miKvi
MVbi AZvekKZv wekl iZi mv_ Zzj aiv nq|
Kbdvi PjvKvj mKvj mvqv AvUUvq GKRb wmMbvj RwmI GKwU
3
'ToT at 8.30' gmR BUvim Ki Avb| hvi A_ evsjv`ki Kvbv
GKwU RvqMvq mvo AvUUvq wegvb _K evgv nvgjv ne| Imgvbx GZ ek
Awi nq cob Ges wegvb nvgjvi fq Pj hvIqvi Rb e nq IVb|
A_P Aevb I Kkj Dfq weePbvq Zwjqvcvovq ZLb wegvb nvgjvi mvebv
wQj bv| Zvi eB fxiZv4 fviZxq`i mvgb DcwZ evOvwj`i AcZ Ki|
11 Gwcj mvq ZvRDwb cgyL wkwjwo _K AvMiZjvq wdi Gm
`LZ cjb Imgvbxmn ekwKQy bZe` BZvga GLvb Gm cuQQb|
Imgvbx I bM` wms (fviZ miKvi wbhy hy mnvqK (Ae.) Rbvij mvwKU
nvDmi GKB K Aevb KiQb| Imgvbx BZvga hyi cwiKbv I
Aki ZvwjKv Zwi Ki djQb| ZvK mkevwnbx cavbi5 (cavb
mbvcwZi) `vwqZ bqvi AvgY Rvbvbv nj wZwb (mZ nq) c~ekZ
wnme hyi mvR-mivgi K_v DjL Kib| 13 Gwcj gxeMi mv_ GKB
wegvb Imgvbx KjKvZv cuQb Ges 17 Gwcji gywRebMi miKvii
AwflKvbyvb hvM`vb Kib|
hy wZwb K`vwPr hZb AwaKvsk Awdmi gvbwP `L wb`k
cvVvZb| g gvmi wZxq/ZZxq mvn kvdvqvZ Rvwgj Imgvbxi mv_
3
4

Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj, GKvii gywhy iv ga-AvM I lohgq bf^i, c~ev, cv 39

Ab GKwU NUbvqI Zvi fxiZvi cgvY cvIqv hvq| hy PjvKvj Rqevsjv cwKvi
mv`K Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix mvvrKvii Rb Zvi mUvwi Kvb bii (ci
gywReNvZK gRi) mv_ w`bY wVK Ki mvKvm GfwbDi Awdm hvb Ges wZwb
cekgv wifjevi DuwPq Imgvbx Zvi cwiPq wRvmv Kib| cwiPq cq wbwZ nq
ejb, cvwKvwbiv ZvK nZv Kivi Rb cvq k`oK NvZK wbhy KiQ| ZvB
wbivcvi KviY GB mZKZv, GgbwK AcwiwPZ `kbv_x`i `nZjvwkiI eev Kiv
nqQ (Avyj Mvddvi Payix, c~ev, c. 106)| kvdvqvZ Rvwgj mxgv Kv
cwi`kb Imgvbxi mdimx wnme AwfZv eYbv Ki RvbvQb, mePq Avhi welq
fviZi gZv wbivc` RvqMvZI cvwKvwb Kgvv nvgjvi fq wZwb mvivY AvZwZ
nq _vKZb (GKvii gywhy iv ga-AvM I lohgq bf^i, c~ev, cv 55)
Avgxi-Dj Bmjvg, gywhyi wZ, c~ev, cv 48

139

278

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

mxgv Kv cwi`kb hvb| wZbw`bi GB KgmwPZ Zviv cvq AvovBkv

gvBj c_ cwigY Kib| hvvc_ ekKqKwU Kv wZwb gywhvv`i
Dk ee ivLb Ges Zv`i m K_vevZv ejb| wK meB wZwb
AmwnzZvi cwiPq `b| kvdvqvZ Rvwgji fvlvq :
.... ImgvbxK G mgq ek Amwnz gb nZ jvMj| Kvbv eo aibi
mgmv `LjB wZwb ay ejwQjb, Avgvi c GZ mgmvi mgvavb Kiv
me bq| AvB DBj wiRvBb| cyiv mdi wZwb cvq Kzwoevi c`ZvMi
gwK w`jb| cvq meKwU Kvi Kgvvi Ges Kvbv Kvbv RvqMvq
vbxq mvsm``i mv_I `yeenvi Kijb| ewminvUi KvQ GKwU Kv
Kvb Rwjji (ci gRi. I Rvm` bZv) mv_ `Lv nq| Imgvbx
RwjjK ixwZgZv Akvjxbfve wZivi Kijb| Zvi Gnb AvPiY AvgvK
jwZ bv Ki cvij bv| Rwjji Aciva wQj, ewikvj cvKevwnbxi AvPgKv
nvgjvq ekwKQy Akmn Zvi GKwU j Wze hvq| Kvb Rwjj PzcPvc
Imgvbxi eKvSKv gv_v cZ wbj| Avgvi ZLb hy Avi KjKvZvi
wbivc` Rxebi dvivKUv ewk Ki gb cowQj| gb nj, Imgvbx mkixi
hy _vKj nqZv RwjjK6 Gfve `vlvivc Ges wZivi KiZ
cviZb bv| ...
... (evMWvMiv) Gqviwdi KvQvKvwQ gywevwnbxi Kv AvIqvgx jxMi
mvsm` wmivR mvnei mv_I `yeenvi Kijb Kbj Imgvbx| GKchvq
`yRbi ga nvZvnvwZi Dcg nj AwZK Avwg mUv mvgvj w`jvg|
Kgvvi Bb wPd Kbj Imgvbxi Gnb KvhKjvc I AvPiY AZ wbivk
njvg Avwg| evsjv`k mbvevwnbx I gywhyi fwelr mK m`n RvMj|
wiZvnxb, gvbwmKfve Akv GKRb jvKK gywevwnbxi mevPc`
emvbv KZUv hywhy nqQ, GiKg ck RvMj gb| wZbw`bi GB mdi
gywhy, Acvikb, hyKkj, Ak I im`i msvb mK ejZ Mj
GKwU K_vI DPviY Kibwb Imgvbx| `k ^vaxb nj evsjv`k
mbvevwnbxi AvBbi MPML (Manual of Pak Millitary Law) KZUzKz
MnYhvM Avi KZUzKz ev` `qv DwPZ, mvivc_ mB AvjvPbvZB gZ
iBjb wZwb| hyi Kej i, weRq KZ`i iqQ Zvi Kvbv wVK-wVKvbv
bB, A_P mbvevwnbxi AvBb wbq GLwb wPvi A bB Zvi!7...

hy wZwb exiZc~Y ev KkMZ wekl Ae`vb iLQb-Ggb Kvwnbx Rvbv

hvq bv| wZwb Kvb wekl c`KI fwlZ nbwb| mvgwiK KgKZvMY h ZvK
6

^vaxbZvi ci h_ evwnbx KZK `LjKZ cvwKvwb Ak fviZ mwiq bqvi wei

cwZev` Kivq miKvi RwjjK AevaZvi AwfhvM MdZvi Ki Ges mvgwiK
UvBeymvj wb`vl cgvwYZ nq GK eQi ci Rj _K gyw cvb| DjL, UvBeybvji
Pqvigvb wQjb Kbj Zvni
KYj mvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.), GKvii gywhy iv ga-AvM I lohgq bf^i,
c~ev, cv 54-55

AvZvDj Mwb Imgvbx

279

Gwoq PjZ Zvi GKwU KviY Dcii eYbv _KI evaMg nq| ^vaxbZv-Di
c_g evRU cYqbKvj A_gx ZvRDwb bv Lq gie, Zey kZhy FY be
bv NvlYv w`qwQjb| wK `ytLRbK h, mev I mvnvhi bvg hy PjvKvjB
AvgwiKv I Zvi cvvZ eziv evsjv`kK A`k kZ Ave KiZ i Ki|
mvKvm GfwbD I evsjv`k `Zvevm ZLb we`kx mvsevw`K I mvnvhmsvi
KgKZvi wfo ivZw`b MgMg Ki| KD eywRxex I mvwnwZKK bM` mvnvh
w`Qb, KD Dv wkweii Rb Jla, `ya, K^j w`Qb| ZvRDwbi fvlvq,
k GLb ezi Qek Avgv`i fZi XzKQ... GLb Avgv`i fZi
_K i nqQ AccPvi I Re Qovbv| Avgv`i mvnvhKvix wg
`kjvi fwgKv I Dk mK Re Qovbv nQ| GgbwK Avgv`i
wbR`i ga fzj evSveywS mw Kiv nQ| mePvBZ wec`i K_v, mvnvh
`Iqvi bvg Ki GwMq Gm UvKv Qwoq cvvZi Kvbv Kvbv `k
Avgv`i miKvii gaB Zv`i kwkvjx Mc Zwi KiQ Ges gywevwnbx
(Awdmvi`i mv_ Mvcb hvMvhvM cwZv Ki) I eywRxex`i bvbvfve
`ybxwZM Ki Zvjvi Rb Pv KiQ|... ay Re cPvi bq, ebvgv
cPvicI cKvk Kiv nqQ Ges gywhvv`i ga wewj Kiv nQ|...
we`kx`i ga AvgwiKvb`i msLvB ewk| Avi GB AvgwiKvb`i
mv_B gvkZvK, nvmb Avjx, Pvlx, VvKzi`i NbNb IVvemv| GB `ji
mv_ hy nqQb ImgvbxI|... gywhyi Lei msMni bvg gRi
gvkviid, gRi Rwjj I gRi wRqvi mv_ Zv`i (we`kx mvsevw`K`i)
wbZ-eVK|8

GKUv AvIqvgx jxMi Lv`Kvi gvkZvKi m Kbj Imgvbxi

wQj `viY wgj9, `yRbB fviZi cwZ exZk; `yRbiB gj Avvbv mvKvm
GfwbDZ Ges gvLvgvwL wewUk I AvgwiKvb mvnvhmsvi jvK, KUbxwZK I
mvsevw`Ki m| wgwjUvwi mvwfm _K wiUvqvi Kwiq `Iqv Imgvbx 1970
mvj ZLbKvi Rbwcq `j AvIqvgx jxM hvM`vb Ki KvhZ gvkZvK Ms`i
Wvbcx cwZwqvkxj`i kw ew Kib|
kvbv hvq, Imgvwbi mycvwik Zvi wcq cv j. Kbj wdivR mvjvnDwb
m` ^vaxb evsjv`k ivcwZi mvgwiK mwPei c` wbhyw cvb| GKmgq wZwb
weMwWqvi Ges Avwki `kKi klw`K iv`Z nb| Kbj wdivR
8

Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbi AvM cPuvi, c~ev, cv 98-100,
105-109| wKQyw`bi ga miKvii Mvcbxq dvBji welqe duvm nq AvgwiKv I
cvwKvb cPvi nq hvQ RvbZ ci mvKvm GfwbDi `Zvevm we`kx`i
AvbvMvbvi Ici KVvi bRi ivLvi eev Kiv nq| we`kgx gvkZvKi mv_
ZvRDwbi weivaxZvi mPbv nq G-wbqB
Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbi AvM cuPvi, c~evw, cv 107

140

280

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

cvwKvwb`i m AvmgcYKvix evOvwj Awdmvi| RbkwZ h, wZwb 16

wWm^i 1971 Avmgcbi c~e ch cvKevwnbxi cavb ivRvKvi wizwUs
Awdmvi wnme `vwqZ cvjb Kib| DjL, aygv Zvi ewMZ-cQ`
AcQ` I Muv aivi KviY GKB evPi ga wmwbqi wRqvK wWwOq
mwdDjvnK mbvevwnbxcavb Kivq e Ab_i mw nq| gywhy KwZZc~Y
KvRi Rb wbqwgZ evwnbxi m`m`i ga wewfb c`K weZiYI Zvi
ccvwZZi AwfhvM kvbv hvq| evsjv`k I fviZi ezZ dvUj mw,
mvgwiKevwnbxZ cvwKvwb gbvfvevcb Awdmvi`i kwew I gywReweivax
gbvfve ZwiZ Imgvbx iZc~Y Ae`vb iLQb| G`k iex`bv_K
wbwlKvix cvKgx LvRv kvnveywbi Qj Rbvij IqvwmDwbi mv_ Zvi
AuvZvZi K_v meRbwew`Z| gwZKvj wejvZ wegvbi wUKU wewi GRw
eb I wkwcs Kcvikbi evwYR-RvnvR msMn Zvi wei `ybxwZi
AwfhvM10 DVwQj| wegvbevjv`i c _KI Zvi wei AbwZK mK
eva Kivi AwfhvM GKmgq mviv XvKvq PvDi nqwQj|
1972 mvji 6 deqvwi ImgvbxK Rbvij wnme c`vbwZ `qv nq|
7 Gwcj wZwb Aemi MnY Kib| 25 Rvbyqvwi 1975 RvZxq msm` msweavbi
PZz_ mskvabx cvm nq| GZ ivcwZ-kvwmZ miKvi eev, GKwUgv RvZxq
ivRbwZK `j MVb I MYZvwK AwaKvi Le Kiv nq| msm` eU gRwiwU
_vKvi KviY Zv me nq| Gi cwZev` Imgvbx I gCbyj nvmb 11 deqvwi
msm` m`mc` _K c`ZvM Kib| MYZi cwZ wbv I gywRei weivwaZv
Kivi mvnm c`kbi Rb mviv`k wZwb I gCbyj AvjvwPZ I ckswkZ nb|
wK gv 6 gvmi gv_vq MYZK Kei w`q, gvbeZvK asm Ki, ^vaxbZvi
cwZK wbesk Ki Aea mvgwiK Afzvb NwUq ivgZvq Avmxb nIqv
gvkZvKi cwZiv Dc`v nZ cvcv UvBMvi Imgvbx weeK GZUzKzI
`skbeva Kibwb| Avwbi fvlvq, Imgvbx wQjb ej iwRgUi Kbj
Bb wPd Ges ZvK wZwb (gvkZvK) mePvBZ ewk wekvm KiZb ej
cZxqgvb nq|11 15 AvM mKvj iwWI Awdm mbv cavb`i mv_
ImgvbxI DcwZ wQjb|
gvkZvK h Acv wekvm vcb Kibwb Zv AwPiB evSv Mj|
Aveii gvSvgvwS efeb WvKv wmwbqi mbv-KgKZv`i GK Kbdvi12
Imgvbx mevBK ivcwZ gvkZvK I Zvi miKvii cwZ AbyMZ _vKvi wb`k
10
11
12

Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbi AvM cuPvi, c~ev, cv 107
Avwb gvmKibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 92
Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.), GKvii gywhy iv ga AvM I lohgq bf^i,
c~ev, cv 131

AvZvDj Mwb Imgvbx

281

`b| wZwb AviI ejb, hviv miKvii weivPviY Kie Zviv fviZxq`i
civPbvZB Kie, Zviv me fviZxq GRU| h-KvbviKg AevaZv mgj
DrLvZ Kiv ne ejI wZwb vi `b|
2 bf^i w`evMZ ivZ wZbUvq (3 bf^i 1975) efeb cvnviviZ
RbK cywjk Awdmvii gvag Lvj` gvkviidi Afvb mPbvi K_v
RvbZ ci gRi iwk` mvnvhi Rb bvbv vb dvb Ki Kv_vI _K
Dchy mvov bv cq KvUbgUi evmvq ImgvbxK dvb Kib| wZwb mv_
mv_ wewWAvi, wRqv I Lvj` gvkviidK dvb Kib| evmvq Mvwo bv-_vKvq
e K wZwb efeb Gm cuQb| ZZY Lvj` gvkviidi c _K
GKwU bwmqkb wUg efeb Gm13 Uvjv KvUbgU diZ cvVvbv,
wRqvi cwieZ Ab GKRbK mbvevwnbxcavb Kiv, ciivbxwZ cwieZb Kiv
cfwZ `vwe Rvbvq| gvkZvK fvi 6Uvi ci _K ivcwZ bv-_vKvi NvlYv
w`q `vwe gvbZ A^xKwZ Rvbvb| ZLb Zviv ImgvbxK G-mK wRvmv
Kij wZwb ejb, gvkZvK cwmWUi `vwqZ Qo `Iqvq cwmWUi
cwZiv Dc`v wnme Zvi gZv AvcbvAvcwb kl nq MQ| Wvwjg ZLb
KKkfve ImgvbxK ejb :

141

282

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Ab GKwU mgZ, nVvr `iRvq mRvi wPrKvi b fZii Mig evK wewbgq
_g hvq| kvdvqvZ Rvwgj Aviv cuvPRb Awdmvi wbq bMvb nvZ KwebU
ig Rvic~eK XzK cob| GZ KwebU ig vmi mvi nq Ges gxiv
Pqvi Qo h-hfve cvi cvjvZ Pv Ki| GKchvq cwmWU
gvkZvKK gvwUZ co MovMwo LZ `Lv hvq| Zvi gv_vi Dci GK gRi
bMvb ai `uvwoq _vK| Imgvbx ZvK euvPvbvi Rb `o hvb Ges
Abyivai myi ejZ _vKb, Lv`vi `vnvB, wKQy Kivbv| GB Aevq wKQy
Kiv cvMjvgv Qvov Avi wKQyB bq| Zvgiv `kUvK asm Ki dje| cP
nMvj ekwKQyY ai Pj| hZeviB e`yKavix Awdmviiv gx`i cwZ
e`yKi bj DuwPq GwMq hvwQj ZZeviB Imgvbx Zv`i avwq wdwiq
ivLwQj|17
Kx ewjnvwi `kcg! gvkZvK I Zvi `vmi`i gvij evgvi NUbvi
cybivew nq, `k asm nq| Avi kL gywReK Zuvi wkcy I cwievii m`m
Ges Avxq-^Rbmn nZv Kij mhmvb AvLv cvIqv hvq| Avi GB
mhmvb`i md cvmRi eev Kivi Rb MYZx Imgvbxi Kx
Anxb Pv!

Zv`iK AvmgcY KiZ ejyb| Avwg Rvwb, AvBqye Lvb Kb AvcbvK e

14
bKzj ej WvKZb| wK GB Aevq R` `Lvevi Pv Kieb bv|

kl ch mvi w`K cwmWU gvkZvK KZK Avw` nq Imgvbx

gywRei nZvKvix`i `kZvMi Rb md cvmRi15 AxKvi `vwe Kib|
mve Mnhy, iq I emvgwiK bvMwiKi Rvbgvji wZ Govbvi Rb
Ges cqvRb BUvicvji mvnvh ai Avbv hve weePbv Ki ZvIqveK
dviK-iwk` Ms`i evK cuQ `qvi `vwqZ `qv nq| AfzvbKvixiv
ZLbI bv RvbjI Imgvbx I Lwjjyi ingvb (wWd vd cavb) Rj RvZxq
Pvi bZvK nZvi K_v RvbZb ej aviYv Kiv nq|
4 bf^i mvq gvkZvK I Lvj` gvkviidi ga efebi KwiWvi
DwRZ evK wewbgqi GKchvq mLvb AevbiZ gRi BKevji (ci
gx) bZZ mwbKiv wj Pvjvbvi cwZ wbj cvk `uvwoq-_vKv Imgvbx
kvdvqvZK Dk Ki ejb, 'Stafayat' save the situation. Dnot repeat Burma!16
kvdvqvZ ZLb BKevjK evav w`q gvkZvKmn KwebU K cek Kib|
13
14
15
16

kvdvqvZ Rvwgj Rvbvb, `i`yiKvix `jwU `ycyii ci cvVvbv nqwQj (c~ev, cv-135)
Avwb gvmKibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 108
Kbj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ai.), GKvii gywhy, iv ga AvM I lohgq bf^i,
c~ev, cv 135-36
KYj kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (Ae.) GKvii gwhy, iv ga-AvM I loqgq bf^i,
c~ev, cv 138

17

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 111

gvIjvbv fvmvbx

283

cwiwk14

gvIjvbv fvmvbx
aviYv Kiv nq, gvIjvbv fvmvbx KvivMvi AvUK _vKvKvj1 AvBqye Lvbi mv_
GK Mvcb mgSZvq cuQb| AvBqye Lvbi cwZ bgbxq gbvfve Ges Zvi
Abymvix KqKRbi Ici _K wjqv cZvnvi nIqvB Gic aviYvi wfw| G
cm Awj Avnv` ejb : 2
1963 mvj AvBqye Lvb I gvIjvbv fvmvbxi ga GK Mvcb eVK AbywZ
nq| mB eVKi ci _K gvIjvbv cKZc miKviweivax Av`vjb
mwq AskMnY Zxe Abxnv cKvk KiZb Ges weiZ _vKZb| Kvjg
GB ceYZvB bvc (fvmvbx) AvBqye Lvbi Mw` ivi mnvqK kwZ cwiYZ
Ki|

1963 mvj c~e cvwKvb hLb cej Qv Av`vjb I weviYvbyL

cwiwwZ ZLb gvIjvbv fvmvbx AvBqye KZK gbvbxZ nq miKvwi `ji
AbZg m`m wnme Avei wece evwlKx Dcj Pxb mdi Kib| Pxb
KwgDwb `k njI 1962 mvj Pxb-fviZ hyi ci ki k ez
mgxKiY cvwKvbi mv_ Zvi bZzb mKi mcvZ nq| G mgq gvjv`i
GKvskI nVvr Ki iY Kib h, gnvbex (`.) vbvRbi Rb my`i Pxb
hvIqvi K_v ejwQjb| RyM evvj, nKgwZ Pxbv cev`K cgvY KiZB
hb AvRvwZK `vwqZ wnme ez`ki bZvK Ggb AwZcgyL mgv`i
Kiv nq h, fvmvbx GKevi AwffZ nq cob| AZtci gvI mZzs ZvK
ejb :
Avcwb Avgv`i ez Ges eZgvb mgq hw` Avcwb AvBqye miKvii wei
Avcbvi msMvg AevnZ ivLb Ze Zv Kej ivwkqv, AvgwiKv I fviZi
nvZB kwkvjx Kie| Avcbvi KvR nc Kiv Avgv`i bxwZ-wei,
Z_vwc Avgiv AvcbvK axi I mZKZvi mv_ AMmi nZ Dc`k `B|
Avcbvi miKvii mv_ Avgv`i ezZ Mfxi nIqvi myhvM `b|3
1
2
3

12 Avei 1957 wZwb MdZvi nb Ges 1962 mvji bf^ii c_g mvn gyw cvb
Awj Avnv`, RvZxq ivRbxwZ : 1945-75, XvKv, cv 366| DjL, AvBqye Lvbi
Avgb wZwb gvP 1963 ivIqvjwcwZ wMq Zvi mv_ mvvZ Kib
Tariq Ali, Pakistan : Military Rule or Peoples Power, William Morrow and Company
Inc, New York, 1970, Page 150. DZ : W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi

BwZnvm, (wZxq L) Iqvmx cKvkbx, XvKv, 1987, c~ev, cv 140

142

284

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

ejv evj, jvj Pxbi mv_ kv`v-meyR cvwKvbi GB ezZ Mfxi

Kivi myhvM Ki `qvi RbB gvIjvbvi 'don't disturb Ayub' Dw weLvZ nq
AvQ| Ze, AvBqye Avgj KqKgvm gvIjvbvK Mnew` Ki ivLv njI
GRb ZvK gvU 9 jvL UvKv `Iqv nqwQj4 ej ZrKvjxb AvBbgx
wePvicwZ Bevwng h Z_ cKvk KiwQjb, Zv-I G fwgKv iLQ ej
Z_vwfgnj gb Ki|
Pxbv bZv`i Dc`k gvIjvbv fvmvbx nq cob AvBqyei AbyMZ| dj
AvBqyei gwjK MYZ gvIjvbvi Abymvix`i KvQ MYZi cwkY
K` Ges 1965 mvji cvK-fviZ hy Rbhy wnme cwZfvZ nq|
Gikv`i Svo~`vi gx Avbvqvi Rvwn` Zv cvwKvb AvBqye Avi fvmvbx
GB `yB Rb5 Qvov Ab Kvbv mvgvRev`vweivax K^iB bZ cvbwb|
WvKmvBU GBme Abymvixiv Kvj Kvj h mvgwiK emvgwiK mivPvii
mev`vm nqQ- Zvi kKoI GLvbB cvw_Z| gvIjvbv fvmvbxi GB bxwZ
AvBqyei Dbqbi `kK RyoB KvhKi wQj| Zvdvqj Avng`i fvl
Abyhvqx, 1969 mvji iZ 11 `dv `vwei cwZ mg_b Av`vqi Rb
QvbZe` gvIjvbvK Abyiva Kij wZwb deqvwi gvm Abyq `ji
mjb G mK wmv bqvi c~e Gi mg_b weewZ w`Z cviQb bv ej
Rvbvb| jYxq, GB mgqKvj (5 Rvbyqvwi 1971) bvci 829 Rb bZvKgx
gvIjvbvi cwZ Abvv vcb Ki `j _K c`ZvM Kib| c`ZvMx`i
AbZg nvRx `vbk Zvi c`ZvMc AwfhvM Ki ejb...
Avgv`i e_Zvi KviY nQ `ji Afi Avcbvi GKbvqKZev`x bxwZ|
Bmjvgx mgvRZK bvci j wnmve NvlYv Kivi c~e Avcwb KLbI
`jxq KvDwj A_ev IqvwKs KwgwUi m AvjvPbv Kivi cqvRbeva
Kibwb| jvnvi cvei wfwZ c~e cvwKvbi c~Y ghv`v6 cwZvi K_v
NvlYvi c~eI Avcwb `j, `jxq KvDwj A_ev IqvwKs KwgwUi m
AvjvPbvi cqvRb eva Kibwb|...
`ji RvZxq KvDwj wbevPb (1970) AskMnYi c wmvMnY Kiv
mI Kvbv c~e wmv QvovB Avcwb wbevPb eRbi vMvb `b|

4
5
6

Ave`yj gwZb, Rbfvq eez, iwWKvj Gwkqv cvewjKk, jb, wZxq msiY,
1987, cv 19-20
ZvwiK Avjx, cvwKvb : wgwjUwi ij Ai wccjm cvIqvi, c~ev (w`wj msiY), cv 143
2 bf^i 1970 XvKv kni _K gywRei cwZx cv_x LvRv Lqi Dwb wbevPbK
cvwKvb wUK _vKe wK _vKe bv Bmyi MYfvU AvLv `b| 19 Rvbyqvwi 1971-G
GmGg mvjvqgvb, j. Kgvvi gvqvg nvmb (AvnevqK, jvnvi cve evevqb
KwgwU), gRi Avdmvi Dwb, AvZvDi ingvb Lvb, cxi gvnmxb Dwb `y`y wgqv, kvn
AvwRRyi ingvb cgyL`i mg^q mvl AbywZ mjb fvmvbx jvnvi cve
evevqb wdi hvb

gvIjvbv fvmvbx

285

wbevPbi gv KqKw`b c~e Avcwb nVvr weewZ w`q `jxq cv_x`i wbevPb
_K mi `uvovbvi wb`k `b|...
1958 mvji m^i gvm Avcwb fwelrevYx Kib h, wbevPb AbywZ
ne bv; A_P ZLb 1959 mvji deqvwi gvm wbevPbi ZvwiL wbavwiZ
wQj| 1968 mvj KivwP _K wdi Gm Avcwb fwelrevYx KiwQjb h,
`k mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi ne| Avcwb wekvm KiZb h, BmKv`vi wgRv I
AvBqye Lvb `k mgvRZ Kvqg Kieb|
AvBqyei wei evgcx kwjvK msMwVZ Kivi evcvi Avcbvi Abxnv
GUvB cgvY Ki h, kvlKkYxi cwZwbwaZKvix kvmKMvxi m Avcbvi
hvM wQj|7...

GB kvlKkYxi cwZwbwaZKvix kvmKMvxi mv_ _vKv hvMB cKZ

cve gvIjvbvK iZ 11 `dv mg_b weiZ ivL| `ji mjb
wmv MnY Ki AZ AvBqyex Avgj wZwb `j cwiPvjbv Kibwb, IUv wQj
ARynvZ| ZvQvov 11 `dvZ Afy AvIqvgx jxMi 6 `dvK Zv wZwb
ec~eB wmAvBG KZK cYxZ ej LvwiR Ki w`qwQjb|
gvIjvbv fvmvbx agxq I AwZevg ivRbxwZi GK wecbK wgkY| iW
gvIjvbv Ae w` B -Gi AvPiY cvqkB ^weivax I inmgq| 1968-69 mvj
AvBqyeweivax Av`vjb hZB `vbv euvaZ _vK gvIjvbvi AvPiY ^weivwaZvI
ZZB evoZ _vK|
2 Rvbyqvwi 1965 AbywZ cwmWU wbevPb c~e cvwKvb AvBqye Lvb
bv- RvqR bvixcv_x dvZgv wRbvn _K gv 2,578wU (gwjK MYZxi)
fvU ewk cvb| mKj myhvM I gZvi Aceenvii ciI GB djvdj
AvBqyei Rbmg_bnxbZvi cwiPvqK| m^ii cvK-fviZ hyvemvb ZvmL`
Pzw ^viK cwg cvwKvwbiv AvBqye KZK cvwKvbK nq Kivi
kvwgj MY Ki| dj Dfq AskB Zvi mg_b nvm cvq| 1967 mvji
klw`K AvMiZjv loh D`NvwUZ nq| 1968 mvji 20 Ryb loh gvgjvi
bvwb i nq Ges 13 wWm^i mv`vb mgvwi ZvwiL wbavwiZ nq| 27
Avei AvBqyei gZv `Lji 10 eQi c~wZZ Dbqbi GK `kK
Zvgvkvi AvqvRb evOvwji Rb KvUv Nvq bybi wQUvic cwZwqv nq| bf^i
_K AvBqyei wei wewfb `j Av`vjb Mo Zvjvi Pv Ki| wWm^ii
13 ZvwiL (AvMiZjv loh gvgjvi mv mgvwi w`b) mKj weivax`j wgj
Ryjyg cwZiva w`em cvjbi KgmwP MnY Ki|
cwiwwZ eySZ ci gvIjvbvI Av`vjbi gvV bvgb Ges 13-i c~e 6
wWm^i c~ecwZ QvovB ^D`vM Ryjyg cwZiva w`em Avnevb Kib| Gw`b

143

286

cb Rbmfvq 12 wWm^i niZvj Avnvb Kib| Z`ycwi zUvi WvBfvi`i

Abyiva 7 wWm^iI niZvj WvKb| bxjZ GjvKvq wcKUi zUvi
WvBfvi`i `gb KiZ cywjk wjelY Kij 3 Rb wbnZ I AakZvwaK AvnZ
nq Ges cuvP kZvwaK jvK MdZvi eiY Kib|8 GB wbhvZbi cwZev` mKj
ivRbwZK`j ciw`b cybt niZvj NvlYv Ki| 8 wWm^i gvIjvbv Zvi 12-i
AwZwi 11 wWm^i Avevi niZvj Avnvb Kib| ^fveZB gvIjvbvi Dk
wbq ivRbwZK gnj ck DvwcZ nq Ges wZwb RvjvI cyovI bZv wnme
LvwZjvf Kib| hvnvK 13 wWm^i `kevcx Ryjyg cwZiva w`em niZvj
ic bq| Av`vjbi GB avivevwnKZvq msMwVZ nq Ebmii MYAfzvb|
Dbmii MYAfzvbi djkwZZ gywRemn mKj ivRew` gywjvf Ki|
Gu`i gywi Rb gvIjvbvI wewfb mgq `vwe RvwbqQb| wK gywReK eez
Dcvwa `qvq, Zuvi RbwcqZv eo hvIqvq, gvIjvbvI Clvw^Z eva KiZb| G
mgq gvIjvbvi ga AviI GKwU cwieZb j Kiv hvq-wZwb gk
mv`vwqKZvi w`K SuyK cob| e`iwb Dgii fvlvq :
1969 mvji gvP gvmi Mvov _KB gvIjvbv fvmvbx Bmjvgx mgvRZi
cPviK| cvq cbiv lvj eQi ci ivRbxwZi mB c_g Zvi Bmjvg
Avg`vbx|... mgvRZi cwieZ gvIjvbvi Bmjvgx mgvRZi abx
AvKwK njI Zvi Avmj Dk RbMYi MYZvwK AMMwZK iva
Kiv|9 ...

21 gvP 1970 cwg cvwKvb hvvKvj XvKv wegvbe`i fvmvbx ge

Kib :
c~eevsjvq wn`y evgcx bZviv Zv`i f bMY gymjgvb Kgx`i mv_
wbq bvc I KlK mwgwZK asm Kivi Rb DVco jMQ| ... c~eevsjvi
RbmsLvi kZKiv 99 RbB gymjgvb, KvRB Zv`i G-evcvi wev Kiv
me bq|10

fvmvbxi GB gei cwZwqv wnme e`iwb Dgi ejb :

evgcx bZv`iK wn`y wnmve AvLvwqZ Ki gvIjvbv fvmvbx h
ivRbwZK Dk mvab KiZ PvBQb, Zv gjZ gymwjg jxM, RvgvZ
Bmjvgxi Dk _K c_K bq, eis Zvi cwic~iK|... ivRbxwZZ ag Ub
Avbvi Gi _K eo D`vniY Avi Kx nZ cvi? GB KvRB Zv GZw`b
ch G`k gymwjg jxM I RvgvZ Bmjvgx GKUvbvfve Ki GmQ|
gvIjvbv fvmvbxI -G KvR kwiK nqQb|11...
8
9
10

W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`k Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm (gywhy ce), c~ev cv 417-18

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

11

AvRv`, 8 wWm^i 1968

mvvwnK MYkw, 12 Gwcj 1970
`wbK cvwKvb I cvwKvb AeRvifvi, 22 gvP 1970
mvvwnK MYkw, 29 gvP I 19 Gwcj 1970

gvIjvbv fvmvbx

287

Ebmii MYAfzvb gvbylK ivRbxwZgyLx Ki Zvj| GZw`b ivRbxwZ

wQj KwZcq ivRbxwZK`i welq| G wbq ZvivB fveZb, KgmwP w`Zb|
mswk wKQy jvK Gme hvM w`Z| wK GLb GgbwK Mvgi LqvNvU-Pvqi
`vKvbI ivRbxwZi AvjvPbvq gyLi| 6 `dv, 11 `dv, AvMiZjv gvgjv,
wbevPb, gywRe cfwZ wbq wbZ ZK, hyw, AwfgZ kvbv hvq| G mgq nVvr Ki
gvIjvbv NvlYv w`jb, wZwb Avi KlK mgvek Kieb bv| 1 Ryb 1970 _K
wZwb Mvg Mvg Pvi-WvKvZ aieb| wZwb Avkv Kib, Bqvwnqv bv njI
mvneRv`v BqvKze Lvb (c~e cvwKvbi mvgwiK cavb) GKRb cinRMvi
gymjgvb wnmve ZvK wbqB mg_b12 Kieb|
ejZ wK, G-I GK ivRbxwZ Ges Gi Kzdj mK e`iwb Dgii
fvl nQ :
G`ki mvg-eyRvqv kvlK`i mv_ civfve nvZ wgwjq gvIjvbv
fvmvbx Pvi-NymLvi aivi h cwiKbv ck KiQb Zvi ^ic mK AvR
MYZvwK Kgx`iK mPZb nZ ne|13

eZ ivRbxwZ _K gvbyli `wK Ab mwiq bqvi RbB wZwb Gme

dvjZz KgmwP w`wQjb| Zvi fvKvx I MYZvwK kw G wbq weeZ I
kwZ njI `wbK c~e`k msMvg cfwZ Wvbcx gnj gvIjvbvK mvayev`
Rvbvq|14
Pvi cvjvbvi ci gvIjvbv Avevi Zvi eyw evovi cgvY w`jb| 19
Rvbyqvwi 1970 mvl (UvvBj) GK KlK mgvek wZwb ejb, c~e
cvwKvbK cvwKvwb iv _K wewQb Kivi Pvi cwiKbv msewjZ
GKwU Mvcb wmAvBG wicvU wZwb cqQb| Gi GKwU Kwc wZwb Bqvwnqvi
KvQ cvwVqQb, Aci GK Kwc RbMYi vZv_ msev`c cKvki Rb
gvnv` ZvqvnvK (bvci mvaviY mv`K) `vwqZ w`qwQjb| wK
Zvqvnv15 Zv cKvk Kibwb|
GB AwfhvMi Di Zvqvnv RvbvQb :
... hLb mvl gvIjvbv mvne Avgvi Ici `vl Avivc KwiZwQjb,
ZLb mvlB H `wjji KqKkZ mvBKvKiv Kwc wQj, ZvK Zv
16
RvbvbvI nq, wK wZwb Zv mLvb wewj Kib bvB|
12
13
14
15
16

mvvwnK MYkw, 26 Gwcj 1970

mvvwnK MYkw, 10 g 1970
`wbK c~e`k, 23 g 1970 I `wbK msMvg, 28 g 1970
evsjv`k AeRvifvi, 20 Rvbyqvwi 1970
mvvwnK MYkw, 31 g 1970

144

288

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Zvqvnv hw` Zv cKvki `vwqZ cvjb bv Ki _vKb, fvmvbx wbRB Zv

KiZ cviZb Ges Zvi DwPZ wQj Gme Z_i m I weeiY msev`c weewZ
w`q wevwi Aemvb NUvbv| wZwb G-KvR bv Kivq RbMY Zvi Dki
mZZv mK ^fveZB bvbv ck Zzj Ges Gme ck ZzjB ZLb `j `j Zvi
Kgxiv ZvK ZvM Ki|
1970 mvj cvwKvb hLb wbevPbi cwZ wbwQj Ggwb mgq 12 bf^i
(11 bf^i ivZi kl cni) c~e cvwKvbi mgy`vcKjvj NU hvq GK
cjqwi NwYSo| GZ 10 jvwaK gvbyl wbnZ I Zv`i Nievwo, ccvwL,
dj-dmj cfwZ hveZxq m`nvbx nq| AvnZ`i Dvi I vYKvh wQj
AcZzj Ges iI nq `wiZ| cwg cvwKvb _K Iiv KD Avm wb|
cuqlwi cvKfviZ hyi ci c`kevmx AveviI `Lj kvK-`ytL Zv`i cvk
`uvovevi KD bB| ZvB Kuv`v `kevmx Kuv`v ejvi cvkvcvwk wbRivB Suvwcq
co vYKvh| Gme Aenjv, kvlY-ebvi cwZwqv cwZdwjZ nq Kw`b
cii wbevPb| AvIqvgx jxM RvZxq cwil`i 169 -Gi ga 167wU c~e
cvwKvbi Rb eivKZ Avmb Rqjvf Ki-hv mgM cvwKvbi 313wU
Avmbi wZvb kZvski ewk|
wbevPbi GB djvdj wQj cvK-mvgwiK kvmK I Zv`i Mvq`vwefvMi
wnmei wecixZ| gvIjvbv fvmvbx wbevPb eRbi Avnvb Rvwbq fvUi AvM
fvZ (^vqkvmb) Pvb| wK Kvbv mvov cvbwb| Zvi `ji h AKRb cv_x
wQj ZvivI kl gynZ cvw_Zv cZvnvi Kib| wbevPbi djvdj NvwlZ nIqvi
cici cwZwqv e KiZ wMq (9 wWm^i) wZwb GK mvsevw`K mjb
^vaxb-mvefg c~e cvwKvb cwZvi ck c~e cvwKvwb`i ivq hvPvBqi
Dk GKwU MYfvU Abyvbi `vwe Kib| wZwb ejb, `yw`b AvM GKwU
wbevPb RbMY h ivq w`j, Zv Kvbv ew ev cvwU wKsev `dvi Rq bq| wZwb
G wbevPbi ivq 6 `dv, 11 `dv I c~e cvwKvbi ^vqkvmbi Rb
RbMYi ivq ej kL gywRei GB NvlYvK bvKP Kib|17 Ze, wbevPbi
cvvj 5 bf^i 1970 iwWI Uwjwfkb c` fvlY RvwZi Dk gvIjvbv
ejwQjb :
Even if there are thousands of differance among us; all should love
Pakistan. ... The name of this country is Pakistan, there is no such country
18
anywhere in the world.

17
18

`wbK cvwKvb, 10 wWm^i 1970

^vaxbZvi `wjj, wZxq L, cv 557

gvIjvbv fvmvbx

289

DjL, wbevPbx djvdjK A^xKvi Ki wcwWwc bZv beveRv`v bmijvn

Lvbi19 AveM I DRbvi cwiek `k G mvaviY wbevPb AbywZ nqQ
Ges RvgvZi wbevPb wbic nqwb gei mv_ cvPi jvj gvIjvbvi
myi Kx Ki GKB gQbvq eR IV-Zv wbqB KZnjvxcK!
1 gvP 1971 Bqvwnqv fvivv `q RvZxq cwil`i (3 gvP Abyq) eVK
wMZ Kij ZvrwYK cwZwqvq gvbyl wez nq c_ bg Avm| 7 gvP
gywRe AmnhvM KgmwP NvlYv Kib| gvbyl gywRei WvK mvov w`q
^vaxbZvi Rb HKe nq | G mgq fvmvbx I Zvi mnhvMxiv KvhZ wbwq
nq cob| gbbi fvlvq :
G mgq Avgiv A msMni KvR e wQjvg| mvq jveiUwi _K G
mgqB Avgiv weviK `e wQbZvB Kwi| GRb AmnhvM Av`vjb
Avgiv wQjvg bv|20

25 gvPi ci cvKevwnbx gvIjvbvi mvli evwo cywoq `q| wZwb

hgybvq bKvq Avkq wbq mxgv AwZg Ki Avmvgi Mvqvjcvov Rjvi
wkgvixZ Avkq bb| mLvb Bw`ivi gx gCbyj nKi21 mv_ eVKi ci
wZwb KjKvZvq Pj Avmb Ges cvK wUi Kvwnbyi gvbmbi cuvPZjvq GKwU
dvU Zvi _vKvi eev Kiv nq|22 Gwcji kl mvn mLvbB gywRebMi
miKvii gx`i mv_ Zvi GK eVK AbywZ nq| wKQyw`b ci cybt Avmvgi
fvmvb Pi hvIqvi c_ KzPwenvi cybwWevwoZ Amy nq coj ZvK
mywPwKrmvi Rb wegvbhvM w`wj bqv nq| my nIqvi ci Bw`ivi mv_ GK
GKv eVKkl c~Y wekvgi Rb ZvK `iv`ybi kZvevm cvVvbv nq|
31 g evsjv`ki Kvbv GK vb (gZvi KjKvZvq) AbywZ GK
mvsevw`K mjb wZwb evsjv`k mgmvi ivRbwZK mgvavbi mKjcKvi
cve mivmwi bvKP Ki `b| wZwb ejb, evsjv`ki ^vaxbZv I mvefgZ
^xKvi Ki bqv Qvov Ab Kvbvfve G mgmvi mgvavb Kiv hve bv|23

145

290

24 Ryb 1971 ^vaxb evsjv eZvi K` _K cPvwiZ GK weewZZ wZwb

ejb, ... GKgv c_ c~Y ^vaxbZv, bvnq gZz|24
8 m^i wZwb `iv`yb _K KjKvZv Avmb Ges miKvii Dc`v
KwgwUZ hvM `b|25 G mgq wZwb Avevi Avmvg hvb Ges mLvb _K wdi
Gm `iv`ybi kZvevm 7 mvnKvj Aevb26 Kvj Pxbi gvI mZzs -Gi
KvQ evsjv`kK mg_b Rvbvbvi Rb ZvievZv ciY Kib|
^vaxb evsjv`k cZcbi AvMi w`b (21 Rvbyqvwi 1972) Avmvgi
dwKiMi GK Rbmfvq gvIjvbv ejb, evsjv`ki RbMY wgmm Mvxi gZv
`qvjy gwnjv Ges fviZxq RbMYi mnvbyfwZi K_v wKQyZB fzjZ cvi bv|
wZwb ejb, ^vaxb evsjv`k fviZeli gZv agwbic, MYZvwK I
mgvRZvwK `k wnme cwZwZ ne ej wZwb wekvm Kib|27
12 gvP 1972 fviZxqevwnbx evsjv`k _K fviZ wdi hvq| 17 gvP
Bw`iv Mvx fQv-mdi evsjv`k Avmb| Gw`b `y-`ki ga 25 eQi
gqvw` gx, mnhvwMZv I kvwPzw ^vwiZ nq| PzwK ^vMZ Rvwbq 24
gvP gvIjvbv ejb : fviZB h evsjv`ki cKZ ez, ^vaxbZv msMvg
PjvKvj fviZ Zvi cgvY w`qQ| Avwg Zv KLbv fzjZ cvwi bv| wZwb Pvb,
`ki mgmvjv mgvavb KiZ RbMY gywRe miKviK `yB-wZb eQi AZ
mgq `e|28 wK wZwb wbRB mgq w`jb bv| g gvmi iZB gvIjvbv
fvmvbx LvjvLywjfve miKvii I Zvi wg `jwji mgvjvPbv i Kib|
GBwU evanq Zvi PwbK jvBbi cwZdjb29| wZwb nK K_v bvg GKwU
mvvwnK cwKv cKvkbv i Kib| nK K_v I Aci gvIev`x nwjW mZwg_v-Re mswgkY AvRwe Lei cPvi Ki gvbylK miKvi Ges fviZ I
ivwkqvi wei wcq ZzjZ mP nq| Giv K_vq K_vq miKviK fviZi
24
25
26

19

20
21
22
23

bmijvn& Lvb 3 Rvbyqvwi 1970 wL. 6 `dvi Rb gywReK wewQbZvev`x Ges fvUi AvM
fvZ PvIqvi Rb fvmvbxK nbygvb ej AwfwnZ Kib (wmivRDwb Avng`, c~ev, cv
264)
W. gvnv` nvbbvb -Gi mv_ ivk` Lvb gbbi mvvrKvi| DZ :evsjv`ki Qv
Av`vjbi BwZnvm c~ev, gywhy ce, cv 160
gvIjvbv fvmvbx hLb wefvMc~e Avmvg gymwjg jxMi mfvcwZ I Avmvg AvBbmfvi m`m
wQjb, ZLb gCbyj nK gymwjg jxMi GKRb ZiY bZv wQjb
GKB dvU Rvniv ZvRDwb mvb`i wbq evm KiZb| ZvRDwb ^qs w_qUvi
ivW (eZgvb mwcqvi miwb) evsjv`k miKvii mwePvjq evm KiZb|
AavcK Avey mvBwq`, Rj nZvKv, c~ev, cv 106

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

27
28
29

wmivRDwb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 404

^vaxbZvi cici 11 m`m`i RvZxq wgwjwkqv K`xq evWiI wZwb m`m nb
1972 mvji kli w`K fviZxq jvKmfvq GK cki Di ejv nq, 1971 mvji
Gwcj _K 1972 mvji Rvbyqvwi ch fviZ miKvi gvIjvbv fvmvbxK wfAvBwc
wnmve MY Kib| Zvi _vKv-LvIqv Ges wPwKrmvi mY eq fviZ miKvi enb Ki|
nvZ LiPi Rb ZvK gvwmK `y nvRvi UvKv fvZv `Iqv nq Ges aygv Zvi wPwKrmvi
Rb 47 nvRvi UvKv eq Kiv nq| `. Jyoti Sen Gupta, Histroy of Freedom Movemuent
in Bangladesh, Naya Prokash Calcutta, 1974, page 461
Press Trust of India report date-line south Salmara, 22

January 1972. DZ :
Ave`yj gwZb, Rbfvq eez, c~ev, cv 15
G Gj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 166
KvRx dRjyi ingvb, Avkv I fMAvkvi w`bwj, w`bwjwc : 1972-1975, c_g Avjv, 14 Ryb
2002

gvIjvbv fvmvbx

291

cyZzj miKvi Mvj w`q Lye Avb` cZb| wPi we`vnx gvIjvbv fvmvbx 3
m^i 1972 XvKvq fLv wgwQj msMwVZ Kib| G Dcj cb gq`vb
AvqvwRZ Rbmfvq wZwb gvbyl euvPvbvi Rb RvZxq miKvi MVbi `vwe
Rvbvb| wZwb evsjv`k fviZxq mb Aevb KiQ `vwe Kib Avevi
evsjv`k, cwg evsjv, Avmvg, gNvjq I wcyivi mg^q inmNiv eni
e30 cwZvi `vwe Rvbvb| Zvi GB aibi ee ^fveZB Zxe cwZwqv31
nq| ciw`b cavbgxi ivRbwZK mwPe Zvdvqj Avng` G `vweK DU I
wfwnxb AvLvwqZ Ki `k GKwUI fviZxq mb _vKj Zv cgvY Kivi Rb
fvmvbxi cwZ Avnvb Rvbvb| ZvRDwb Avng` Gi wb`v Ki ejb, RbMYi
mvZZ b Kivi wewfb iKg loh I cuvqZviv i nqQ| KwgDwb cvwU
c~evci cvcU eYbv Ki c` GK weewZZ fvmvbxK mvgvRev` I
gvIev`i xobK ej `vwe Ki| fviZi cwgevsjvi wewk ivRbwZK bZv
cgv` `vk GK weewZZ gvIjvbv fvmvbxi eni evsjvi mv_ Zvi
Av`vjbi mKi K_v A^xKvi Kib| hywea `k Lv`i msKU
^vfvweK njI fvmvbx GK ivRbxwZKiY Kib Ges fviZK ivRbxwZi
Dcv`vb cwiYZ Ki cvwKvwb Av`ji fviZweivax mv`vwqK ivRbxwZi
Af mPbv Kib| 15 g 1973 fvmvbx 3 `dv `vweZ Abkb i Kib| 16
g kL gywRe Zvi m mvvr Kib| wK wZwb Abkb fvObwb Dci 21 g
mviv`k niZvj Avnvb Kib| Hw`b niZvj PjvKvj Gkxq kvw mjb
Dcj wbwgZ wfqZbvg gc wea Kiv nq| 22 g wZwb Abkb fvOjb
eU Ze 29 AvM cybt niZvj Avnvb Kib| fvmvbx bvc GKwU cyibv `j
Ges cZ Mvgvj Gi wfw _vKjI Gi ivRbxwZ Ges BwZnvmi wewfb
chvq gIjvbv fvmvbxmn wewfb bZe`i AmwZc~Y fwgKvi KviY ek
AvMB Giv wechqi myLxb nb| ^vaxb evsjv`k fvmvbx bvci c_g
mjb AbywZ nq 10 wWm^i 1972| mjb fvmvbxK Pqvigvb I KvRx
RvdiK mvaviY mv`K wbevwPZ Kiv nq| wK AevnZ Kv`ji dj 31
Rvbyqvwi 1973 wbevwPZ KwgwU fO `qv nq Ges 4 gvP hv`ywgqv cybt mvaviY
mv`K ic AvwefZ nb| Abw`K 15 RyjvB gvIjvbv myavivgx I ivk` Lvb
30

31

fyv jb _K wekl evnKi gvag GKW Rbi gZv wPwV mvl gvIjvbvi wbKU
cvVvb| GjvZ wZwb gymwjg evsjvi evcvi gvIjvbvi mvnvh Pvb Ges wewbgq wZwb
fvmvbxi Avkv c~Y Kivi cwZkwZ `b| (RvwZ mb , wnw Ae wdWg gyfgU Bb
evsjv`k, c~ev, cv 476)| `yeQi AvM Ggb GKwU cveK wZwb wmAvBG-Gi
cve ej AvLvwqZ Ki cKvk KiZ PqI Kibwb ej evcK cPvi iqQ
Gme cwZwqv 4 m^i 1972 _K ci ci KqKw`b msev`mn wewfb `wbK cwKvq
cKvwkZ nq

146

292

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

gbbi bZZ Zjex bvc MwVZ nq| BZvga 6 deqvwi 1974 gvIjvbv
fvmvbx wez nq KzgZ ivevbx cvwU MVb Kib| Gici g wZwb wbRK
ivRbxwZwe` cwiwPwZi Ici cxi wnme cwZwZ Kib| wZwb `vwe Kib,
evsjv`ki Rb msweavb cYqb Kivi AwaKvi AvIqvgx jxMi bB|
cvweZ Pvi gjbxwZK Pvj Ki wZwb cwe Kvivb, mybvn I nvw`mK
wfw32 Ki evsjv`ki msweavb iPbvi Avnvb Rvbvb| Avevi wZwbB 7 gvP
1973 AbywZ wbevPbi djvdj evsjv`k Awewgk mgvRZ Kvqgi
BwZen ej ge Kib|33 gywRei fvlvq, gvIjvbv fvmvbxK Pbv `yi|
ZvK Lywk Kiv AviI KwVb|34 gvIjvbv 24 deqvwi 1975 MwVZ evKkvj
hvM `bwb| Ze (8 gvP) UvvBji KvMgvwiZ AbywZ GK Rbmfvq wZwb
g Dcwe gywReK `vqv Ki eZv Kib| Avevi gywRe wbnZ nevi ci ci
gywRe miKviK nVvbvi Rb mvnmi Zvwid Ki gvkZvKK Awfb`b
Rvwbq wZwb ZvievZv ciY Kib| 1905 mvj ivwkqvi mU wcUvmevM
we`vnx KlK RbZvi bZZ`vbKvix dv`vi Mvcbi mv_ gvIjvbv fvmvbxi
Zzjbv Kiv Pj| msMvgx RbMYi bZZ `qv mI Giv `yRbB wQjb mvgvwRK
cwZwqvkxj bZv|35

32
33
34
35

gwYs wbDR, XvKv, 8 Avei 1972

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k ii FY, c~ev, cv 25
Ave`yj gwZb, Rbfvq eez c~ev, cv 20
Ave`yj gwZb, Rbfvq eez cv 22

BdvK

293

cwiwk15

BdvK

fviZ-fvMi ci cwgexq gvIjvbv AvKivg Luvi AvRv` (gymwjg jxMi

bvwRgDwb Mci mg_K) XvKvq vbvwiZ nq| mvnivIqv`x-mg_K
Bnv` KjKvZvq iq hvq| wKQyw`b ci ZzQ ARynvZ KjKvZvi
Avb`evRvi, hyMvi, Bnv` cfwZ c~e-cvwKvb cek wbwl Ki
`qv nq|
c~eevsjvq AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM MwVZ nj 1949 mvj GKwU mvvwnK
cwKv ei Kivi D`vM bqv nq| cvweZ Bnv` bvg mvvwnK cKvki
AbygwZ `qv bv nj, GKUz cv bvg ivLv nq BdvK| gvIjvbv fvmvbx Gi
cwZvZv, Bqvi gvnv` Lvb cKvkK I dRjyi ingvb Luv mv`K nb|1
wb`viY msKUi gaw`q BdvKi hvv i nq| gvIjvbv fvmvbx Ges kL
gywRe hLvbB AvIqvgx jxMi mfv KiZ hvb, mLvbB BdvKi Rb Puv`v
Zvjb| gymwjg jxM miKvii KvQ ZLb BdvK iv`vnx`i KvMR Ges
gvwKwb`i KvQ Qekx KwgDwb`i viv cfvweZ wecbK cwKv|2
GKchvq gywRei Abyiva gvwbK wgqv (Zdvj nvmb) BdvKi `vwqZ
bb| ZLb wZwb mv`Kxq wjLZ Rvbb bv, Kvbvw`b wicvUI wjLbwb|
myZivs c_g w`K hy njb cwKv eevcbvq|
ewikvj KvjUi Kivwb gvwbK wgqv wZxq wekhyi mgq bvkbvj Iqvi
dUi cvcvMvv Awdmvi wbhy nq Rjvq Rjvq Nyi eovbvi mgq
mvnivIqv`xi `w AvKlY Kib Ges wZwb ZvK KjKvZvq wbq hvb|
ivRbxwZi cwZ Drmvnx gvwbK wgqv miKvwi PvKwi Qo gymwjg jxMi KvR i
Kib| 1946 mvji wbevPbi ci mvnivIqv`x evsjvi gyLgx nq `wbK
Bnv` ei Kib Ges gvwbK wgqv mLvb PvKwi cvb (mvsevw`KZvi bq)|
`kfvMi ci wZwb Pig Avw_K `yievq cob| G mgq wZwb Bbdigkb
Awdmvi c` BUviwfD `qvi Rb ewikvj _K XvKv Avmb| nvUj _vKvi
cqmv bv _vKvq gvMjUzjxZ QvjxM-Awdm IVb| QvjxM ZLb evsjv fvlv
`vwe w`em (11 gvP) cvjbi AvqvRb e| m-ivZ `vwe w`em Dcj
Qv`i GK Mvcb eVK AbywZ nq| cywjk Lei cq klivZ nvbv w`q
1
2

XvKvi KviKzb evwo jb _K GwUi cKvkbv i nq

Avyj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cuvPi, c~ev, cv 160

147

294

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

KqKRb QvbZvi mv_ gvwbK wgqvKI ai _vbvq wbq hvq Ges hLb wZwb
Qvov cvb ZZY BUviwfDi mgq DxY| c~e-AwfZv _vKvq PvKwii evcvi
wZwb ek Avkvev`x wQjb| wK GLb Zvi msmvii Kx Dcvq ne fe
GKevi fO cob| G-mgq gywRe Gm cvk `uvovjb, ZvK Avk Ki
ejb, gvwbK fvB, fveeb bv| Avcwb eis BdvKi fvi wbb| Avwg Avi
gvIjvbv (fvmvbx) mvne wfv3 Ki njI UvKv RvMvi Ki `e|
gvwbK wgqv ivwR njb| x-cy-Kbv ewikvj _K wbq Gm Kgjvcyii
GK ewZ evmv bb| nVvr gvmvwdi Qbvg ivRbwZK auvKvevwR
wkivbvg bij Avgxbi gymwjg jxM ivRZi KxwZKv wbq wZwb GK wbe
wjLb| fvlv Mvg, evKiYMZ fzj fwZ| wK hyw I AvgY Zxe|4 c_g
jLvZB Pviw`K nP co Mj| i nj gvmvwdii wbqwgZ KjvgivRbwZK auvKvevwR; i nj mvvwnK BdvKi Rqhvv| 1947 mvj
evsjvfvMi dj cwge (kni evsjv) _K c~ee (Mvgevsjv) wewQb nq|
^vfvweKfveB Mvgevsjvq Zvi DchvMx bZZ, msMVb, msev`c I ivRbwZK
cPvii Pvwn`v wQj| GB Pvwn`v c~iY GwMq GmwQjb fvmvbx-gywRe, BdvK
I gvwbK wgqv (gvmvwdi)| BdvK mvaviY gvbyli mnReva fvlvi KvMR
nIqvq c_gw`K bvK DuPz wkwZ`i KD Vvv Ki GK wewoIqvjv I
jywIqvjv`i KvMR ejZ| gvmvwdii ivRbwZK Kjvgi fvlvixwZI wQj
Mvg I AcwikxwjZ| cPwjZ I AcPwjZ Mvg M I cev` fwZ| dj
mvaviY AawkwZ gvbyli KvQ Gi Ave`b wQj wecyj| `v^ic, jxM
gyLgxi wei ejv nq bij Avgxbi PvL weovj gywZqv w`qvQ Ab,
`egj ew cm ejv nq evRvi wMqvwQjvg| Mii `vg GKUv gyiMx wKwbqv
jBqv AvwmqvwQ| GfveB Mvddvi Payixi fvlvq, fvmvbx-gywRe-gvwbK wgqvi
gvag Mvgevsjvq i nq GK beRvMiY (ivBR Ae ievj ej)|
1954 mvji wbevPbK K` Ki GKwU `wbK cwKvi cqvRb AbyfZ
nIqvq 1953 mvji 24 wWm^i (gZvi 25 wWm^i) BdvK `wbK
wnme AvcKvk Ki| `wbK BdvK mviv`k hydUi gyLcic wecyj
RbwcqZv ARb Ki|
wbevPb weRqx hydU gwmfv MVb wbq wecvK co| dRjyj nK Zvi
fvM mq` AvwRRyj nK (bvbv wgqv)-K gx KiZ PvBj mvnivIqv`x
gywReKI gx Kivi `vwe Rvbvb| GgZvevq 3 Gwcj dRjyj nKmn gv
PviRb gx wnme kc_ bb (msKU KvwUq cyiv gwmfv MwVZ nq 15 g)|
3
4

Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cuPvi, c~ev, cv 162
Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cuPvi, c~ev, cv 163

BdvK

295

G wbq AvIqvgx jxMI `Lv `q| BdvK KD KD gvIjvbv fvmvbxi

mgvjvPbv KiZ _vKb| GgZvevq 14 g gyLgxi wb`k XvKvi Rjv
ckvmb (gvwRU Bqvwnqv Paywi) _K Bqvi gvnv` Lvbi j Zdvj
nvmb gvwbK wgqvK wcUvi I cvewjkvi Kiv nq (c~e _KB wZwb mv`K
wQjb) Ges gvIjvbv fvmvbxK cwZvZvi j ccvlK Kiv nq (ci
myhvMgZv gvIjvbvK ccvlKZv _KI AevnwZ `qv nq Ges cwZvZv
wnme gvwbK wgqvi bvg Qvcv nq)|5 A_vr gvwjKvbv Kz Kiv nq| `ji HK I
fvegwZi K_v weePbv Ki gvIjvbv ev Bqvi gvnv` Gi wei Av`vjZ
gvgjv Kibwb| dj fvmgvb gvwbK wgqv njb mv cwKv gvwjK|
BdvKi c_g hyM Gi eZbfzK mv`K gvwbK wgqv Pxb mdi Ki wdi
Gm bqv Pxb wK `wLjvg wkivbvg mgvRZvwK Pxbi Zvrch Rb-vZv_
Zzj aiwQjb| Avi gvwKb hyivK wZwb mw`b mvgvRev`x, hyevR wnme
AvLvwqZ KiwQjb| wK wKQyw`b ci Zvi Kjg MwZc_ cwieZb Ki
gvwKbcx nq hvq| KwgDwbiv ZLb Zvi fvlvq jvjwgqv eB wKQy bq|
Bqvwnqvi mvgwiK kvmbvgj AZvmb cvwKvb wefwi Avkvq
^cYvw`Z nq cvwKvb wefw VKvbvi Pvq wbqvwRZ6 _vKvKvj 1969
mvji 31 g ivZ ivIqvjwcwZ gvwbK wgqv gviv hvb| Zvi bZv
mvnivIqv`xi cvk miKvwi RvqMvq Kei Kivi Rb ^qs gywRe AbygwZ
Pq e_ nq ZvK AvwRgcyi Kei Kiv nq| gywRe wbRi Kuva Zvi
gvwbK fvBqi jvk enb Ki Keivb wbq hvb|
gvwbK wgqvi gZzi ciB BdvKi RvZxqZvev`x fwgKvi BwZ NU|
BdvK cwiYZ nq AvIqvgx jxMi fZi Pig cwZwqvkxj I gvwKbNulv
jexwUi7 gyLc| DjL, iZ BdvK 6 `dvK mg_b Kiwb| gnvb
^vaxbZv hyK BdvK mg_b Zv KiBwb eis weivwaZv KiQ| GKvii
gvP cvKevwnbx wccj, msev` I BdvK Kvhvjq cywoq `q| msev` I
wccj ^vaxbZvi ciB Kej cyb: cKvwkZ nq| wK BdvK gv Kw`b ciB
cybt cKvwkZ nq| kvbv hvq, Rbvij wUv GRb gvUv UvKv wZc~iY8
w`qwQjb| hyi mgq gvwbK wgqvi GK QjI gywRebMi hvqwb| G mgq Ab
Kvbv evOvwj AbygwZ bv cjI, gvwbK wgqvi GK cy wUvi AbygwZ wbq jb
mdi Kivi myhvM cvb | mLvb Zvi mv_ gywRebMi miKvii c _K
hvMvhvM Ki gywRebMi _K BdvK cKvki Abyiva Rvbvbv nq| wZwb
5
6
7
8

wmivR D``&xb Avng`, eez kL gywReyi ingvb, c~ev, cv 102

GGj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 159
Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cuPvi, c~ev, cv 31
Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cuPvi, c~ev, cv 31

148

296

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

m-Abyiva cZvLvb Ki kKewjZ XvKvq wdi Gm XvKv _K BdvK

cKvk KiZ _vKb| cvwKvwb mbv-jLK wmwK mvwjK Zvi DBUbm Uz
mvivi M gCbyjK wcZvi myhvM cy ALvwqZ KiQb| gywhyweivax
fwgKvi Rb mq` bRij I ZvRDwb DfqB BdvKi cwZ weic wQjb|
wK gywRe ^`k cZveZb Ki cyer wniv-gyK (gvwbK wgqvi `y
Qji WvKbvg) gv Ki `b| A_P gCbyj 1967 mvj Zvi KvKv gywRei
Ici Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix wjwLZ GKwU KweZv BdvK Qvcbwb| Dci
kL gywReK AZ eo Ki bv `wLq Av`vjb wbq KweZv `Lvi Rb wZwb
KweK Dc`k `b| `k ^vaxb nIqvi ci gywRe wgki I wmsnji gZv
msev`c wkK RvZxqKiYi AvIZvq AvbZ PqwQjb| wK gvwbK wgqvi
BdvK cwKv I gvwbK wgqvi cwievii cwZ `yejZvekZ wZwb Zv
Kibwb|9 A_P GKwU `wbK cwKv QvcvLvbvmn cwZvq ZLb RvZxqKiYi
Rb wbavwiZ mxgv 25 j UvKvi ewk gjab cqvRb wQj| GQvov BdvKK
ewgvwjKvbvq ivLvi AbygwZ w`Z wMq evsjvi evYx, Rbc` cfwZK
cKvk AbygwZ w`Z nq| mekl evKkvjx wbqYi hyMI evsjv`ki
cMwZweivax BdvK cKvk AbygwZ cvq|
1975 mvj ivcwZ kvwmZ miKvi I GK`jxq (evKkvj) eev ceZbi
cwZev` evwivi gCbyj nvmb I GgGwR Imgvbx RvZxq msm`i m`mc`
_K c`ZvM Kib| wK gCbyj nvmb MYZvwK bxwZ AvNvZcv nevi
KviY c`ZvM Kibwb| wZwb Zvi cfzi Avkxev`B Zv KiwQjb|10 gywRei
gZzi ci gvkZvK AvIqvgx jxMvi`i Rq KiZ e_ nq WgvwUK jxM
MVb Kij gCbyj nvmb GZ cwZvZv m`m wnme hvM `b| MYZi Kx
civKvv!
15 AvM 1975 -Gi gg` nZvKv I gZvi cUcwieZb mK
ciw`b BdvK ej :
MZKvj wQj MZvbyMwZK Rxebavivi GKwU ewZg| Pjvi c_ kw mqi
w`b| ZvB Avgv`i RvZxq Rxeb GKwU HwZnvwmK w`b| `ki cexY bZv
L`Kvi gvkZvK Avng`i bZZ mbvevwnbx `ki fvi MnY KwiqvQ|
cZzl eZvi GB NvlYv nIqvi m m RbMY ^wi wbkvm dwjqv
GKwU AvKvwZ mh-ivv cfvZ `wLZ cvq|

cKZcve gywRe Zuvi mZx_ gvwbKfvB, cyer fvBcvq Ges Zv`i

`LjKiv cwZvb BdvKi cwZ evievi h AwZkq ^RbcxwZ `wLqQb,
Dchy cwZe`b ZviB cwZdj ^ic| ejv evj, mgq I cwiekgZv mvgvb
Gw`K-Iw`K njI BdvKi Wvbcx cwZwqvkxj fwgKvi gj Pwi
9
10

Ave`yj Mvddvi Payix, BwZnvmi icjvk cbiB AvM cuPvi, c~ev, cv 38

GGj LwZe, Kviv gywRei nZvKvix? c~ev, cv 46

BdvK

AevnZ MwZgq|

297

149

298

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

wmivR wkK`vi

297

cwiwk16

wmivR wkK`vi
wbR `ji AfixY Kv`ji wkKvi nq PMvgi KvQvKvwQ GKUv GjvKv
_K gvIcx c~eevsjv menviv cvwUi AvMvcbKvix cavb bZv wmivRyj nK
wkK`vi 1 Rvbyqvwi 1975 MdZvi nb| wekl cnivq XvKvq Gb ZvK Avq1
AvbZ e_ nIqvq cywjkK cqvRbxq eev MnY KiZ ejv nq| cywjk
ZvK nvZKov cwiq PvL eua mvnivIqv`x D`vbi cywjk KUvjig wbq
hvq| ciw`b mvfvii KvQ cvjvbvi Pv Kvj (gZvi cywjki mv_
msNlKvj) ZvK wj Ki nZv Kiv nq| wkK`vii evb fvi kvgxg
RvKvwiqvi gZ, wbnZi eyK 6wU wji wP2 wQj| 25 Rvbyqvwi 1975 RvZxq
msm` c` fvlY gywRe `vw Ki ejb :
... Avwg wd vBj w`q w`qwQjvg-hvi hv BQ Zviv Zv jLb, KD GB
bvg evsjv`kK WvKb, I bvg evsjv`kK WvKb| evsjv`ki bvg
ch ejZ hviv jveva Kib, Zv`i AwaKvi bvB evsjvi gvwUZ
_vKvi|... Kv_vq AvR wmivR wkK`vi?... Zviv ejwQj, GB miKviK A
w`q DrLvZ KiZ ne|... Avcbiv Ke cZ nBqv DrLvZ Kieb? ...
Avgvi hv kw AvQ-m kw w`q `yB wgwbUi ga Avwg (Zv`i) DrLvZ
KiZ cvwi|3

Re wQj, kL gwYi bZZvaxb hyejxMi DM Kgxiv cywjki KvQ _K

wQwbq wbq wkK`viK nZv Ki| wbtm`n GwU GKwU KvcyilvwPZ I
gvbevwaKvi-weivax KvR|
1972-Gi gvP ^vaxbZvi c_g evwlKxZ wkK`vii Abymvixiv gywReweivax
cvvi w`q XvKv kni Quq dj| weRq w`emI Abyic Kiv ne ej
Mvq`v wefvM Lei cvq| kL Kvgvj Zv cwZnZ Kivi wmv bb | Kvgvj
Zvi cwievi, `j ev miKvi weivax mgvjvPbv ev KvRK iv`vwnZv vb
KiZb|4
1

2
3
4

Gg G IqvR` wgqv (Zvi eez kL gywReK wNi wKQy NUbv I evsjv`k, BDwcGj,
XvKv, 1993, cv 207) ejb, wmivR wkK`vi MdZvi nIqvi ci eezi mv_ `Lv
Ki K_v ejZ PqwQjb| wK gywRei AwZfiv wkK`vii GB Avkv c~iY KiZ
`qwb
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 41
RvZxq msm`i KvhweeiYx, 25 Rvbyqvwi 1975
Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 31

149

298

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

15 wWm^i 1972| ivZ Mfxi nq Gj Kvgvj Zvi mx`i wbq bMvb

Avi ivBdj mn GKwU gvBvevm Ki wkK`vii LuvR ewiq co| Iw`K
Ici _K wb`wkZ nq mvRU wKewiqvi bZZ GKwU cywjk-vqvW GKUv
UqvUv MvwoZ Ki wkK`vii Zjvwk PvjvQb| Kvbv `jB Aci `ji K_v
Rvb bv| wkKvi LuvRi cvjvq GK AciK `LZ cq wkK`vi-Mvs fe
AbymiYi GK chvq gwZwSj evsjv`k evsKi mvgb Dfq `ji wj
wewbgq nq| wKQyYi gaB Mjvq wjwe nq gvBvevm _K jvwdq co
Avi wj Qyovbv, Avwg Kvgvj wPrKvi b Mvjvwj e nq| Zvb _K
wdbwK w`q i SiQ| mvgvbi Rb kvmbvjx iv cvq | AvnZ KvgvjK `Z
wcwR nvmcvZvj fwZ Ki AvZwZ mvRU WcywU Kwgkbvi Aveyj nvqvZi
evmvq cuQ NUbvi weeiY Rvwbq ej, Avgiv GK gvivK fzj Ki djwQ|
^MK Avgv`i gv_vi Dci Gb `uvo KwiqwQ|5
Aveyj nvqvZ Kvjwej^ bv Ki mivmwi gywRei mv_ mvvr Ki NUbv
AewnZ Kib| wbR nvZ AvBb Zzj bqvi Rb z nq gywRe ejb, ZvK
giZ `vI| gywRei cwZwqvq Aveyj nvqvZ Avh nb| mswk cywjk`i
evcvi Kx Kiv DwPZ wRvmvi Reve gywRe Zv`i KvR wdi hvIqvi wb`k
w`q ejb, Zv`i fqi Kvbv KviY bB| cywjki Dci Kvbv GvKkb
bqv nq wb| GgbwK `yw`b ch gywRe Qj KvgvjK `LZ nvmcvZvjI
hvbwb|
wK ciw`b mviv XvKv kni PvDi nj-evsK WvKvwZ KiZ wMq Kvgvj
wjwe nqQ|
wmivR wkK`vii gZz msev` cKvki mv_ mv_ mviv kni G-I cPvi nj
h, gywRei wb`kB wkK`viK nZv Kiv nqQ| wmivRi evb, cwmWU
cyivi ARbKvix 19 eQii hyeZx fvi kvgxg wkK`viI ZvB wekvm Ki Ges
vZnv gywReK nZv Ki cwZkva bqvi wmv bq| menviv cvwUi
KvQ _K GKwU wifjfvi msMn Ki myhvMi Acvq _vK Ges GKB mv_
myhvM mwiI Pv Ki| kvgxg eevi gywRei mv_ mvvZi AvwR ck Ki
e_ nq| Zvici GKmgq XvKv wekwe`vjqi PviKjv wefvM Zvi GK
c`kbxZ AvgY Rvbvj gywRe Zv MnY Kib, wK kl ch mLvb
DcwZ nZ e_ nb| ci wZPviY6 Ki kvgxg Rvbvq, Avwg fqvbK
ecivqv nq DVwQjvg| wK kZ Pv KiI ZuvK Avgvi wji `yiZi ga
AvbZ cvijvg bv| fvMB gywReK euvwPq w`qwQj| ci kvgxg RbK
RvKvwiq Payixi cg co weq Ki ^vgxi mv_ we`k Pj hvq|
5
6

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 32

Avwb gvmKvibnvm, evsjv`k : ii FY, c~ev, cv 41

wmivR wkK`vi

299

cKvk ev Mvcb mKj gvIcx gywReweivax wQj| wmivR wkK`vi nZvKv

Zv`i weivwaZvK AviI Zxe Ki| Zv`i AwaKvskB cwZeQi wkK`vii
gZzevwlKx cvjb Ki Ges gywRe I Zuvi kvmbi cwZ NYv cKvk Ki|
GKvii gvP gvIev`x`i KD KD (gvndzRDjvn Ms) AmnhvM
Av`vjbK A_nxb feQb, KD KD (gbbMs) A msMni KvR e
_vKvq A-hvM`vbhvM feQb| Ab A_ Pxbcx wecexiv RbMYi
Av`vjb Ask wbZ e_ nq| wK wmivR wkK`vii bZZvaxb c~e evsjv
kwgK Av`vjb (ci c~e evsjv menviv cvwU) 2 gvP 1971 kL gywRe I
AvIqvgx jxMi Dk Lvjv wPwVZ ... `kcwgK ivRbwZK cvwU I
ew`i cwZwbwa m^wjZ... Avqx miKvi Kvqg... Ki cqvRbeva G
miKvii K`xq `dZi wbic `k vbvwiZ Ki... mk msMvgi
gvag c~e evsjvK cvwKvb _K wewQb, gy I ^vaxb Ki Qq `dvi
A_bwZK `vwemgn evevqb Kivi cve Ki|
gywhy i nj, Ave`yj nK Ms gj k fviZi wei cvKevwnbxi wg
nq gywhvv`i LZgi jvBb MnY Ki mk jovB Kib| Zvqvnv Ms
GKB mv_ cvKevwnbx I gywhvv`i wei jovi jvBb MnY KijI cvKmvgwiK Awdmvi`i mv_ Zvi ezZc~Y mK g cej nq fvimvg mw`K
nj co| G-mgq Kvbv Kvbv PwbK`i `yB KzKzii jovB, Gi gvS
Avgiv bvB gZev`wU ejkZ eywji AbZg| hv`y wgqvi Mvq`vwMwi I
ANvZ Kvhg, Avbvqvi Rvwn`i KvUbgU gyiwM mieivni wVKv`vix
cfwZ gvUv `vM wev gvIcx`i cvwKvb cxwZi cwiPvqK| RvZxq ck
G`i KviI KviI AevbK ji wjdjrm f`jvKi fvlvq wavw^Z Avi
wb`yKi fvlvq `vjvwji mgZzj ej AwfwnZ7 KiQb| wmivR wkK`vi Ms
fviZK cvwKvbi mgZzj gjvqb Ki `ki Afi _K jovB
Kivi wmv bq| 7 Ryb 1971 cKvwkZ `ji GK cPvic ejv nq :
c~e evsjv kwgK Av`vjb cwZwbqZ AvIqvgx jxM I Zvi bZZ gywevwnbx,
mKj `kcwgK cvwU I RbmvaviYi cwZ HKe nq mwVK c_ msMvg
cwiPvjbv KiZ Avnvb Rvbvq| ewikvj Rjvi SvjKvwVi gywevwnbx I
AvIqvgx jxMi `kcwgKiv G Avnvb mviv `q| Zv`i AskMnY mn
Abvb `kcwgK`i wbq, vbxq wfwZ RvZxq gywdU MVb Kiv nq|
HKe gywevwnbx Zdwmjx wn`ym`vq AaywlZ c~eevsjvi eng cqviv
evMvb, Pzwiqvbv, Wzgywiqv, fxgijx GjvKvq Mwijv hy cwiPvjbv Ki|
GB Mwijv hyi ic nq cavbZ RvZxq k LZg Kiv| AwZ A mgqi
7

ji wjdjrm, Amgv wece, Zvnii kl K_v, (Abyev` gybxi nvmb), KYj Zvni
msm`, XvKv; 1988, cv 33

150

300

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
gaB KqK kZ RvZxq k LZg Kiv nq; cvK mvgwiK `my`i GKLvwb
j AvgY Kiv nq Ges cvq wZwikRb mvgwiK `myK LZg Kiv nq, `yRb
cywjk mn `yBwb wewk GKwU xWevU `Lj Kiv nq|...

gywhyi mgq RvZxq k QvovI RbjM _KB wkK`vii `ji

kYxk LZgi KvR AevnZ wQj| Mvgvj AbK RvZ`vi-gnvRb, awbKewYK, cwZc AvIqvgx jxM mn Abvb `ji ivRbxwZK G`i LZgi wkKvi
nq| vb vb wbixn RbMYI G`i mvmx KvhKjvci wkKvi nq| mviv`k
Zviv GKwU AvZ mw Ki| GiciI 1974 mvj _K mgmvKxY evsjv`k
nZvk I wecevKvx ZiY mgvR AvK nq menviv cvwUK weKvkgvb Ki
Zvj| KqKwU vb Zv`i kwkvjx Aevb/NuvwU mw nq| cyibv cvq mKj
KwgDwb`i Zviv mgvRZi cwZ wekvmNvZK ej wPwZ Ki| wkK`vii
mvmev`x ivRbwZK gZv`k AbKiB cQ` bq| wK Zv gvKvejvq
miKvwi Kvhg wekl Ki ixevwnbxi `gbvwfhvbI me`v AvBbvbyM ixwZ gb
Pjwb| ZvB Pov wePvi gvbyli mnvbyfwZ wkK`vii w`KB cKvk cvq |
ki k ez bxwZI G KvhKix nZ `Lv hvq | Pzqvii klva gywRe
mbvevwnbxK bvj`i gjvrcvUbi wb`k `b| wK gRi dviK G-wb`k
cvjb Drmvnx bv nq eis G`i KvDK aiZ cvijI Qo w`qB AwaK
Avb` cZb|

wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi Av`vjb I msMVb cm

301

cwiwk17

wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi Av`vjb I msMVb cm

17 gvP 1974 ^ivgxi evmfeb Avgbi NUbvi ci Rvm`i h cvwU
w_wmm DvwcZ nq ZvZ iv gZv _K eyRvqvkYxi DQ` Ges Zvi
cwieZ menvivkYxi bZZ mgvRZvwK iveevi ceZb Kivi K_v ejv
nq (bRij Bmjvg, c~ev, cv 14) Ges m-avivZB 7 bf^i 1975
wmcvnx we`vn NU|
G `ywU NUbv I mvgwMK Av`vjb-msMVb mK 1979 mvji gvP 44
cvi GKwU AvmgvjvPbv `wjj Rvm` _K cKvk Kiv nq| Gi c~e 1978
mvji c_gva gvneyeyi ie mv`x wbR D`vM cKvk Kib 123 cvi
evsjv`ki mvgvwRK weKvk I mgvR wece : (Av cvwU gZv`kMZ msMvg
welqK) iPbv| ZviI AvM 1976 mvj wmivRyj Avjg Lvb jLb Av`vjb I
msMVb cm ce|
Rbve Lvbi iPbvwU meZ 17 gvP I 7 bf^ii e_ Av`vjbi ci G
aibi c_g D`vM| m-KviY Avkv Kiv nqwQj, AZxZ Av`vjbi GKwU
AbycyL gjvqb GZ vb cve| wK `yfvMekZ Rbve Lvb AZxZ wbq GK
eYI AvjvPbv bv Ki ivq w`q emb h, AvMvQvj, GjvcvZvwo, MuvRvwgj,
`vqmviv KvR w`q wece nq bv (H, cv 7)| ay ZvB bq, cei gj DcRxe
nq `uvovq, ivgZv _K eyRvqkYxK DQ` bq, eis Kxfve eyRvqvkYxi
mv_ wgj ev Zvi Aaxb (c_g chvq) gx nq MYZvwK RvZxq miKvi
cwZv Kiv hvq| Rvm`i Rb G mY AfvweZc~e bZzb aibi wecixZ gii
ivRbwZK cve -hv wZwb Rj em Dveb Kib|
Rbve Lvb D ce wZb aibi mvgvRev`weivax1 Av`vjbi iciLv
Zzj aib| c_gwU nj, hLb mvgvRev`i cZ AvMvmb we`gvb ZLb `iKvi
ne GB kw I Zvi mnvqZvKvix `kxq kwi wei evcK RbMYi I mKj
kYxi cwZwbwaZKvix `j, Mvx, kw I ewi gvPv| wZxqwU nj, hLb
mvgvRev`x cZ AvMvmb AbycwZ wK civ cfve eZgvb I eyRvqviv
1

mvgvRev`, dvwmev` mK Rbve Lvb ev Rvm`i evLv gvKmev`-jwbbev` mZ

evLvi Abyic bq| mvgvRev` ejZ Rbve Lvb eySb h-Kvbv aibi we`kx cfve|
G ce wZwb mvgvRev` ejZ mvgvRev`, mskvabev` I mmviYev`KI eywSqQb
(cv 10 I 16)

151

302

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

gZvmxb| ZZxqwU nj, hLb wnUjvi, gmvwjbx, evwZv, iRv kvn, dvvi
gZv dvwmev`x kw Zvmxb ZLb cqvRb Zv`i Zv`i mnvqZvKvix
mvgvRev`x kwi wei mKj weivax`j, msv, Mvx, kw I ewi
MYgvPv|
Avgv`i `ki Rb Rbve Lvb wZxq aibiwU chvR gb Kib Ges G
Aevq KZe nj, wZbwU chvqwfwK MYZvwK RvZxq miKvi MVb (H, cv
8)| c_g chvq-menvivkYxwU `yej A_vr msMwVZ bq, ZLb MYZvwK RvZxq
miKvi AskMnYKvix Abvb kYxi cwZwbwaiv gjZ cavb kw| wZxq chvqmenvivkYx c_g chvq _K AbKLvwb kwkvjx I Abvb kYxi Askx`vwiZ
gvUvgywU mgvb| ZZxq chvq-menvivkYx miKvii ga eng Aski wbqK,
wK Abvb kYxI Askx`vi| (H, cv 8)|
Rbve Lvb AviI hvM Kib h, gb ivLZ ne, MYZvwK RvZxq
miKvii GB wZbwU chvqi ga Kvbv Pxbi cvPxi bB| Ze MYZvwK
RvZxq miKvii Av`vjb I AskMnY GKUv gwjK I AekKiYxq welq|
(H, cv 8)|
`Lv hvQ, nVvr KiB menvivkYxi ZRUv cwinvi Ki mekYx
mg^q MYZvwK RvZxq miKvii Av`vjb AskMnYK Rbve Lvb
AekKiYxq weePbv KiQb| KviY BZvga AvweZ nqQ h, (RvZxq)
eyRvqviI h_ mvgvRev` weivwaZv AvQ| ZvB eyRvqvi mv_ Kej msMvgB
bq, HKiI ck AvQ| wZwb gb Kib :
HK I msMvg-DfqB i cKvk-G K_v gb iL Av`vjb cwiPvjbv
KiZ ne| menvivkYx eyRvqvi mvgvRev`weivax Av`vjbK eyRvqv`i
mnhvwMZvq RvZxq HK cwZvi gvag menvivi kwwfZK Mo Zvjvi
KvR jvMve| Avevi eyRvqvi mvgvRev`Nlv bxwZi wei msMvgK
menvivi kwwfZ Mo Zvjvi mc AvbZ ne|
... GB h cwZ gynZ, cwZw`bKvi I cwZNUbvi m HK I msMvgi m
mg^qi cwqv ZvK myKkj cwiPvjbv KiZ ne-MYZvwK RvZxq
miKvi MVb Kivi Rb cwZwbqZ `vwe Rvwbq A_ev MYZvwK RvZxq miKvi
MVb Ki... (H, cv 9) |
MYZvwK Av`vjbi Pnwi ga Aevb Ki Ges eyRvqv MYZK
AwZg Ki menvivi kwwfZ Mo Zvjvi GB h, KkjMZ Av`vjb GiB bvg wecex MYZvwK Av`vjb, GB h, KgmwP GiB bvg wecex
MYZvwK KgmwP|
wecex MYZi GB Kkji ic I KvVvgv nj MYZvwK RvZxq miKvi
MVb ev MVbi Rb Av`vjb... (H, cv 9)|

wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi Av`vjb I msMVb cm

303

cvweZ G miKvi MYZvwK, KviY AviI ewk MYZ cwZvi Rb G

msMvg; G miKviwU RvZxq, KviY we`kx kw I cfvei wei mKj kYxi
mwwjZ RvZxq cPv Gi Afz Avi G miKvii A_bwZK KgmwP nj
mKj kYxi KvQ MnYxq MYgyLx A_bxwZ (H, cv 7-8)|
Rbve Lvb AviI Rvbvb, Zvi cvweZ GB `yin Av`vjbwUi mdjZv
wbfi Ki menvivkYxi `j KZK mwVKfve cYxZ GKwU mvgvRev`weivax
KgmwPi ga| AZtci wZwb mKj kYxi KvQ MnYhvM 8 `dvi ARvZk
GK mvaviY KgmwP cve Ki ejb, GB KgmwP mK Avcm iv bv
nIqv ch miKvi AskMnYi ckB Avmbv| Avi Avcmidv nj eyRvqv`i
mv_ gZv fvMvfvwM Kiv hvq I G menvivi `jK D miKvii ciiv
I cwZiv gYvjqjvi `vwqZ MnY Kiv `iKvi (GQvov AviI MYZ I
MYgyLx A_bxwZ Pvjyi mnvqZvi Rb kg KjvY, fwg ckvmb I mgevq, wkv I
cwiKbv `i MnYi Pv Kiv `iKvi) Ges &GB `yB gYvjqi `vwqZ cj,
h wekl KgmwP evevwqZ Kivi Pv KiZ ne-wZbwU wkivbvg 30 `dv
wewk mic GKwU mywbw` cveI wZwb Zvi ce mshvwRZ Kib (H, cv
11-14)|
gYvjq fvMvfvwMi G mywbw` cve` cZxqgvb nq h, ZrKvjxb
gZvmxb eyRvqv`i mv_ miKvi MVbi Av mvebvK mvgb iLB Rbve
Lvb G ce jLb| GKB mv_ wZwb gZvi evBii eyRvqv`i j Ki
GKwU Aj cvwRwUf m Avwevi Kib hv nj, menvivi `j GKw`K hgb
gZvmxb eyRvqvi AvcmKvwgZvi wei msMvg Kie I Zvi
mvgvRev`weivwaZvK AevnZ ivLvi Rb cwZwbqZ Pvc w`e Zgwb gZvi
evBii eyRvqvi mvgvRev`i m AvcmKvwgZvi wei Abyicfve
mgvjvPbv I msMvg AevnZ _vKe Ges mvgvRev`weivax fwgKvK envj
ivLvi Rb Pvc `e| A_vr eyRvqvi Dfq Aski mvgvRev`weivax
gbvfvei mydjZvK RbMYi ^v_ KvR jvMvbvi Pv Kiv ne| dj,
cvweZ MYZvwK RvZxq miKvi AskMnY KijI Zvmxb eyRvqviv
menvivkYxi ^v_ivKvix `jK Kej weivwaZvi chvqfz KiZ cvie bv,
Avevi gZvi evBi AevbKvix eyRvqviv menvivkYxi ^v_ivKvix `jK
kvmKMvxi `vjvj ejI wPwZ KiZ cvie bv (H, cv 10-11)| myZivs
Dfq Kj _KB iv cvIqvi eev!
iZB DwjwLZ nqQ h, AvjvP ce Rbve Lvb ivgZv _K
eyRvqvkYxi DQ`i wecixZ eyRvqvkYxi mv_ wgj ev Aaxb _K (wZb
kYxi) mvgvRev`i wei Av`vjbi iciLv Zzj aiQb| Zvi fvlvq
hnZz we`kx cfve (mvgvRev`) cwZwU kYxiB Kvbv-bv-Kvbvfve

152

304

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

^v_nvwb Ki, m-KviY mKj kYxB GKwU mvaviY hvMm LuyR ei Kivi
Rb mP nq| hnZz Kvbv GKK kYxi ^v_ bq, mnZz mKj kYxi
mg^q HKe Av`vjb Mo ZzjZ nq| Avevi mKj kYxi mg^q MvUv
RvwZ G msMvg wbqvwRZ-ZvB RvZxq HK MoZ ne (H, cv 10)|
mKj kYxi mg^q (RvZxq) HKe cvweZ GB msMvgi bZZi
ck Rbve Lvb gb Kib h, Kvb& kYx KZLvwb mv_KZvi mv_ GB msMvgK
mdj cwiYwZi w`K wbq hZ mg, Zvi IciB wbfi Ki, Kvi ne
bZZ| Zvi AviI AwfgZ nj, ZMZfve menvivkYx Qvov Ab KD Gi
mdj cwiYwZZ cuQvZ cvi bv|2 wK eve GKwU m` ^vaxbZvcv
`k wekl Ki Avgv`i `k menvivkYx ZZLvwb msMwVZ I mPZb bv
weavq ZvK HKdU KiZ nq Abvb kYxi m (H, cv 10)|
aiv hvK, Rbve Lvbi bZzb MYZvwK RvZxq miKvi cwZvq wecex
MYZvwK KgmwP evvevqb Rvm` mZ nj| wK KD hw` my`xN Pvi
eQii h Av`vjb3 Kbj Zvnimn nvRvi nvRvi Kgx Rxeb w`j, AmsL
Kgx I bZv AvRI Kvivi Aivj, RxebaviYi cqvRb Kvbv Kvbv
Kvivi Kgxi Kzjea ekvq cwiYZ nqQ m-Av`vjbi Kx Kx fzj wQj?
fzji KviY Kx? fzj _K Kx wkv MnY Kiv nj Zv-wRvmv Ki Ze Gi Kx
Di ne? wKsev eZgvb (1976) gZvmxb mbvevm wbfi miKvii mv_
gZv fvMvfvwM Kivi cve `qv nQ, Ze wbevwPZ gywRe miKviK
DrLvZi msMvg Kb Kiv nqwQj?
G cki AvMvg Di wnme wZwb (evKUi ga ) ejb : gb ivLZ
ne h, hw` gZvmxb eyRvqviv mYfve mvgvRev`i mev`vm cwiYZ nq
Ges Kvbv MYZvwfgyLx KvhKjvc Pvjy ivLZ A^xKwZ Rvbvq, Ze m
eyRvqvi wei mevK msMvgi bxwZ MnY KiZ ne (H, cv 10)|
wK BwZnvm Rbve Lvbi gywRe miKvii Pwi weklY fzj cgvY KiQ|
evsjv`k ^vaxbZvi ci _K AvR Aewa gywRei Pq AwaK
mvgvRev`weivax Kvbv miKvi cwZwZ nqwb| (GgbwK, 1996-2000 Kvj
cei kL nvwmbvi bZZvaxb AvIqvgx jxM miKviI bq)| Kbj ZvniI
eySwQjb h, RvwZi wcZvK nZv Kivi evcvi Kvbv we`kx kw (Rbve
Lvbi fvlvq mvgvRev`) RwoZ|
hvnvK, Rbve Lvbi GB bqv Zi KjvYB meZ: Rvm` g Zvi
wecexcbv ev` w`q eyRvqv MYZvwK `j icvwiZ nq msm`xq
2
3

gvI mZzs 1934 mvj jLv bqv MYZ cywKvq ejQb, RvZxq MYZvwK wece
menvivi bZZ Qvov mY nq bv| (AvmgvjvPbv `wjj 79, cv 13-14)
gvneyeyi ie mv`x, evsjv`ki mvgvwRK weKvk I mgvR wece, c~ev, cv 95-96

wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi Av`vjb I msMVb cm

305

MYZK Av`k wnme MnY Ki Zvi wqz AwZ AvRI wUwKq iLQ
Ges `ji cwZvZv mvaviY mv`K Avmg Avyi ie mvgwiK-^ivPvi
Gikv`i Avgj qvii Lvqvi MncvwjZ weivax`jxq bZv I kL
nvwmbvi HKgZi miKvii gx (c/b) nqwQjb| Avi kvRvnvb wmivR
nqQb (Ges wQjb) eMg Lvj`vi gjev`x RvU miKvii gx
(cwiek/b)|
Rbve Lvb GLb eQii AwaKvsk mgq we`kx cfvei gj K` ^ci
AvgwiKvq cevm _vKb Ges wece fzj (m mgvRZvwKB nvK Avi RvZxq
MYZvwKB nvK) gywRei evOvwj RvZxqZvev`i Ici MelYv Ki I M
wjL mgq KvUvb| wZwb eQii h mvgvb mgq evsjv`k eovZ Avmb, Zvi
AwaKvskB eq Kib cuvPZviv nvUj (mvbvi Muv/kivUb) ie-wmivR ev
Abvb mveK wecex cwiewZ nq Avv w`q| jYxq, GZ Kvj ciI
wece w`Z nq ivLv kk I `xNj Kk kvwfZ nq gvi Aeqe aviY
Ki Ges AKZ`vi _K wZwb wecex HwZni `v nq AvQb| AavcK
gvqyb AvRv`i fvlvq, hvK AvRKvj fMevb iRwbki gZv `Lvq| myZivs
Avi Kx PvB?

153

306

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

cwiwk18

wbDwKqvm
^vaxbZvi c Kgx mwi j, QvjxMK MwZkxj I mykLj msMVb ic
Mo ZzjZ I ^vaxbZvi c_ cwiPvwjZ KiZ evOvwj RvZxqZvev`x
Av`vjbi m _KB GKwU AvmPZb K` wnme wcwKs I gvcx
avivi cvkcvwk ZZxq gvKmxq aviv wnme AvIqvgx jxMi gvag RvZxq
^vaxbZvi msMvg wewfb kYxK GK Ki G`k mgvRZK GwMq bqvi
Rb 1962 mvj GK`j mPZb hyeK XvKv wekwe`vjq GKwU wbDwKqvm MVb
Kib ej `vwe Kiv nq|
AvIqvgx jxM RvZxqZvev`x `j Avi kL gywRe ^vqZkvmbi Av`vjb
GwMq hZ cZ wQjb ej wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi bZZ Giv ^QvcYvw`Z
nq AvIqvgx jxM hvM `q I `ji mv_ wbR`i Av Ki| Giv eiveiB
wQj `ji fZi GKwU my, mPZb I ^vaxb wbDwKqvm|1 GwU ^vaxb evsjv
wbDwKqvm, ^vaxb evsjv wecex cwil`, I evsjv`k wecex K` bvgI
AwfwnZ ej `vwe Kiv nq|
ejv nq, wmivRyj Avjg Lvb, Ave`yi ivvK I KvRx Avid Avng` -G
wZbRb G Mvcb msMVb mw Kib| Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv` (ci AavcK I
cv_wgK wkK bZv) I PMvgi Gg G gvbvb h_vg 1963 I 1965 mvj
wbDwKqvm Afy nb| Ze Zviv klvewa mwq wQjb bv| Aviv ejv nq,
1970 mvji bf^i-wWm^i gvm eezK wbDwKqvm I Gi ivRbwZK kvLv
evsjv`k wjevikb dvm (we Gj Gd) -Gi KgcwZ, mvsMVwbK wewZ I
wevwiZ Kvhvewj mK AewnZ Kivi ci _KB wZwb evsjv`ki
^vaxbZvi ck Avcvlnxb nb| 1971 mvji deqvwi gvm gywRei mycvwik
kL dRjyj nK gwY I Zvdvqj Avng`K we Gj Gdi nvBKgv
Afz Kiv nq| 1968,69,70 mvj gnKzgv (eZgvb Rjv) ch
wbDwKqvmi kvLv weZ nq| cwZwU gnKzgvq 4-5 Rb m`m msMwnZ nq| Gi
m`m gjZt QvjxM _K Ges mg_K-fvbyavqx evBi _K msMwnZ nZ|
`vwe Kiv nq, 1962 _K 1971 mvj ch msNwUZ meKwU Av`vjbi
Kkj wbaviY, cwiKbv cYqb mewKQyiB gj wQj wbDwKqvm| 1969 Gi MY1

ji wjdjrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv 43\ wbDwKqvmi kvwK A_ gjaviv A_vr

hvK wNi Abvb Ask web/msnZ nq

wmivRyj Avjg Lvbi Av`vjb I msMVb cm

Afzvbi

dj

307

c~e

154

308

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

wbDwKqvm

307

cvwKvb AevOvwj AaywlZ ckvmwbK eev f coj wbDwKqvm msMvg

cwil`i gvag weK mgvR kw wnme Qv, hyeK, KlK, kwgK weMW Mo
Zzj bk cniv, UvwdK-eev, gBj-Ub Pvjy, j-wgvi-b e`i cwiPvjbv,
Ggwmwm-cvwKvb wKU Ljv cwiPvjbv, _vbv chvq cywjk ckvmbK
mnvqZv Kiv I AvBb-kLjv iv, wk-Kj-KviLvbvq kLjv iv cfwZ
hveZxq KvR cZ fwgKv cvjb Ki|
Aviv `vwe Kiv nq, 12 AvM 1970 QvjxMi Kw`q KwgwUi GK ewaZ
mfvq RbK ^cb Kzgvi Payixi gvag Giv ^vaxb mgvRZvwK evsjv`ki
cve Dvcb Ki Ges G`i mv_ AvjvPbv KiB gywRe 7 gvPi fvlY`vb
I AmnhvM Av`vjbi KgmwP NvlYv Kib| 25 gvPi AvMB Giv weGjGd
Mo Zvj hyKvj hv gywRe evwnbx wnme cwiwPwZ cvq| AmnhvMKvj Giv
^vaxbZvi BkZnvi NvlYv, cZvKv Zwi I Dvjb, RvZxq mxZ cfwZ
wbaviY Ki| GK K_vq 1965-i ci _K cwZwU ivRbwZK KgKv Kkj
wbaviY I cwiKbvi wb`kbv wbDwKqvm _KB AvmZv|
gvIjvbv fvmvbx, wmivR wkK`vii c~e evsjvi kwgK Av`vjb, c~e
cvwKvb KwgDwb cvwU (nK-Zvqvnv) I bvci (fvmvbx) GKvsk Ges
kwgK-KlK mgvRev`x `ji m wbDwKqvm hvMvhvM iv KiZv| gig
Kvgiwb Avng` I W. Avng` kixd i _KB G`i m hvMvhvM
ivLZb ejI `vwe Kiv nq|2
1974 mvji Ryb Rvm`i RvZxq KwgwUi ewaZ mfvi ci GKwU z`
mg^q KwgwU MVb Kiv nj wbDwKqvm wbR`iK wejy Ki D mg^q
KwgwUi mv_ GKxfZ nq|3
G cm lvUi `kKi Mvov _K QvjxMi K`xq ivRbxwZZ hy I
1967-68 mvji mfvcwZ di`m Avng` Kvikx Rvbvb :
QvjxMi lvUi `kKi Z_vKw_Z wbDwKqvmi K_v KLbI H `kK
wbwb|... GUv cPvwiZ nq ^vaxbZvi ci, Rvm` MVbi ci _K| GUv
DkgjK cPviYv| evsjv`ki ^vaxbZvq Kviv Kviv AwZwi Ae`vb

wmivRyj Avjg Lvb, GKzk kZK evOvwj, Gg. Gb. I. cvewjKk, (cv.) wjwgUW, XvKv,
2000, cv 14-16 (UxKv)| DjL, Gi cwZv`i AbZg KvRx Avid Avng` cqvZ|
wbavwiZ mvvr-mwP Abyhvqx 18 I 23 wWm^i 2003 bvLvjcvov mvsm` nvji 42
bs K wMq mvvrjvf mg_ njI eZvi ARynvZ Rbve Ave`yi ivvK G cm
wKQy ejvi mgq KiZ cvib wb
ji wjdjrm, Amgv wece, c~ev, cv 66| cmg cwZvZvqxi AbZg
Ave`yi ivvK hnZz Rvm`i mv_ hy nbwb Ges wbDwKqvmi m`mmsLv ewi Kvb
DjL cvIqv hvqwb mnZz ^vaxbZvi ci Gi AwZ I Rvm` wejyc nIqvi welqwU cki
D`K Ki ewK

154

308

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
`Lvbvi gvbmB GB cPviYv, G cPvi ivRbwZK AmZZvi cwiPvqK|

lvUi `kKi AbZg Qv bZv (ci Pxbcx KwgDwb bZv) ivk` Lvb
gbbi AwfgZ nQ, wbDwKqvm mwKZ Z_ cieZxKvji evbvbv K_v,
GiKg Pi AwZi K_v Zviv Kvb w`bI kvbbwb|5
1968-70 Kvjce cwZwU gnKzgvq QvjxM _K 4-5 Rb m`m msMn
Ki wbDwKqvmi kvLv MVb mK wKkviM gnKzgv QvjxMi cwZvZv
mfvcwZ (1964) i`qvj KjR Qv msm`i mveK mvaviY mv`K (196263) I mn-mfvcwZ (1964-65) eZgvb msm` weivax`jxq DcbZv Ave`yj
nvwg` GWfvKU GK mvvrKvi Rvbvb :
MvUv lvUi `kK (1962-69) Qv Av`vjb hy _vKv Kvj wKkviM ev
Ab Kv_vI wbDwKqvm bvg Kvb msMVbi K_v wbwb| QvjxMi ga
`yPviRb AcvKZ AMmi wPvi mg_K _vKjI wbDwKqvm ev Ab Kvb
bvg Kvb msMwVZ ici Kvb AwZ KLbI Ui cvBwb| Avi m-mgq
Avgvi Rvbvi evBi, wKkviM I gnKzgv QvjxM wKQy nIqv ev NUv
AKvbxq ejv hvq|

lvUi `kK QvjxMi K`xq ivRbxwZi mv_ RwoZ Aci GK QvbZv

kvgmyvgvb Payix Rvbvb, QvjxM Ggb msMwVZ Z_vKw_Z wbDwKqvmi K_v
Avgvi Rvbv wQjbv| Ze AvR hviv Zv `vwe Kib, m mgq ^vaxbZvi ck
Zv`i fwgKv wQj cwZwqv cw|6

4
5
6

W. gvnv` nvbbvbK c` di`m Avng` Kvikxi mvvrKvi| DZ: W. gvnv`

nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm (gywhy ce) c~ev, cv 228-29
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm (gywhy ce), c~ev, cv 230
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, evsjv`ki Qv Av`vjbi BwZnvm (gywhy ce) c~ev, cv
229| Rbve Payix Aviv RvbvQb, 1966 mvj 6 `dv NvlYvi ci Gi cPvi Kvb
Rjvq MjB gywReK MdZvi Kiv nZv| Gi cwZev` 8g (1966) cb QvjxM
AvnZ GKwU cwZev` mfvq RvMv RvMv-evOvwj RvMv, wcw bv XvKv-XvKv-XvKv vMvb
`qv nj wmivRyj Avjg Lvb I kvn gvqvg vMvb`vZv`i nvZ _K gvBK Ko bb
Ges G aibi vMvb `qvi Rb Zv`i frmbv Kib| cmZ DjLhvM, 1963 mvj
cvwKvb gvV AbywZ QvjxMi mjb AbZg mvaviY mv`K c`-cv_x di`m
Avng` Kvikx mgvRZvwK A_bxwZ msv GKwU cve Dvcbi D`vM bb|
wK we`vqx mfvcwZ kvn gvqvg nvmb ZvK Zv covi AbygwZ `b wb| AwaK kvn
gvqvgi mnvqZvq wmivRyj Avjg Lvb mvaviY mv`K wbevwPZ nb| kvn gvqvg I
wmivRyj Avjg Lvb QvjxM GK Mc nq KvR KiZb

wbDwKqvm

309

cwiwk 19

gywRe nZv gvgjv

gywRei evmfebi ZrKvjxb wimcmwb Kvg iwmWU wcG Av d g gwnZzj
Bmjvg `xN GKzk eQi ci 2 Avei 1996 avbgw _vbvq wjwLZ GRvnvii
gvag gvgjv iRy Kib| gvgjv b^i avbgw 10 (10) 96| evw`i Rxebi
wbivcv Ges bvbvwea cwZKj Aevi KviY GB NUbvi GRvnvi KiZ wej^
nq| NUbvi ci _vbvq Mj GRvnvi bv wbq evw`K ejv nq, ZzB wbR giwe,
Avgv`iKI gviwe, GLb Pj hv, AbyKj cwiwwZ Avmj ZLb GRvnvi
Kwim|1
Av`vjZ Rivi Reve gvgjvi Z`Kvix KgKZv GGmwc Avyj Kvnvi
AvK` Rvbvb :
cuPvii wbgg nZvKvjvi evcvi c_K gvgjv nqQ 5wU| Gjv
nQ, 15 AvM eezi evmfebi nZvKv, avbgwZ kL gwYi evmvi
nZvKv, gwcvovq Avyi ie miwbqvevZi evmvi nZvKv, Kvgvbi
Mvjvq gvnv`cyi msNwUZ nZvKv I 3 bf^i Rj nZvKv|2

wbivcv-cwZweavb (BbWgwbwU) Aav`k

gywRe nZvi lohKvix, nZvKvix I myweavfvMxiv wbR`i AvBbi AvIZvgy
ivLvi Rb nZvKvi ci ciB mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi Ki|3 ci hLb eySZ
cvi nZvi `vq _K invB cZ mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi h_ bq, ZLb 26
m^i 1975 gvkZvK wbivcv-cwZweavb Aav`k 1975 Rvwi Ki| 1979
mvj Rbvij wRqv GwU msweavbi Afz Ki| `ywbqvi Kvbv mf`ki
msweavb Lywbi GiKg ccvlKZv bwRiwenxb| Aav`kwUi gj K_v wbic :
1

gvgjvi ivqi Askwekl, DZ : W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm, AvMvgx
cKvkbx, XvKv, 1999, cv 236
2
W. gvnv` nvbbvb, eez nZvi wePvii BwZnvm,c~ev, cv 63
3
kLjv fi `vq mbvevwnbx _K eiLvKZ gRi Wvwjg 15 AvM 1975 fvi gywRe
I Abvb`i nZv ci eZviK` `Lj Ki NvlYv Kib : Avwg gRi Wvwjg ejwQ,
^ivPvix kL gywReyi ingvbK nZv Kiv nBqvQ; Avwg gZv `Lj KwiqvQ| ci
ivcwZ gvkZvK 20 AvM AvbyvwbKfve mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi Kib|

155

310

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

309

155

310

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
THE
BANGLADESH GAZETTE
Extraordinary
Published by Authority
FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 26,1975
GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH
MINISTRY OF LAW PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS AND JUSTICE
(Law and Parliamentary Affairs Division)
Notification
Dhaka, The 26 September 1975
No. 692-Pub The following ordinance made by the President of the
Peoples Republic of Bangladesh, on the 26th September 1975, is
hereby published for general information.

THE INDEMNITY ORDINANCE 1975

ORDINANCE NO XLX OF 1975.
AN
ORDINANCE

to restrict the taking of any legal or other Procedings in respect of

certain acts or things done in connection with, or in preparation or
execution of any plan for, or steps necessitatiing, the historical
change and the Poclamation of Martail Law on the moring of the
15th August, 1975.
Whereas it is expendient to restrict the taking of any legal or other
proceedings in repsect of certain acts or things done in connection
with, or in preparation or execution of any plan for, or steps
necessitating, the historical change and the Proclamation of Martial
Law on the morning of the 15th August, 1975;
AND WHEREAS Parliament is not in session and president is
satisfied that circumstances exist which render immediate action
neccessary;
NOW, THEREFORE, in persuance of the proclamation of the 20th
August 1975 and in exercise of the Power conferred by clause (1)

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

311

of article 93 of the Constitution

of the Peoples Republic of
Bangladesh, the President is pleased to make and promulgate the
following Ordinance :
1. SHORT TITLE : This Ordinance may be called the Indemnity
Ordinance, 1975.
2. RESTRICTIONS

ON THE TAKING OF ANY LEGAL OR OTHER PROCEEDINGS

AGAINST PERSONS IN RESPECT OF CERTAIN ACTS AND THING;

(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any law, including a law

relating to any defence service, for the time being in force, no suit,
prosecution or other proceedings, legal or disciplinary, shall lie, or be
taken, in, before or by any Court, including the Supreme Court and
Court Martial, or other authority against any person including a person
who is or has, at any time, been subject to any law relating to any
defence service, for on account of or in respect of any act, matter or
thing done or step taken by such person in connection with, or in
preparation or execution of any plan for, or as necessary step towards
the change of Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh and
the Proclamation of Martial Law on the morning of the 15th August.
1975.
(2) For the purpose of this section, a certificate by the President, or a
person authorised by him in this behalf, that any act, matter or thing
was done or step taken by any person mentioned in the certificate in
connectiion with or in perparation or execution of any plan for, or as
necessary step towards as the change of Government of the Peoples
Republic of Bangladesh and the Proclamation or Martial Law on
morning of the 15th August, 1975, shall be sufficient evidence of such
act, matter or thing having been done or step having been taken in
connection with, or in preparaton or execution of any plan for, or a
necessary step towards the change of such Government and the
Proclamation of Martial Law on that morning.
DACCA
The 26th September 1975

KHANDAKER MOSHTAQUE AHMED

President

mvsweavwbK wewa Abyhvqx ivcwZi AbycwwZZ DcivcwZ Ges Dfqi

AbycwwZZ wKvi KZK ivcwZi `vwqZ cvjb Kivi K_v| gvkZvK
DcivcwZ ev wKvi bv nIqvq Zvi ivcwZi c` `Lj Kiv wQj Aea| myZivs
Aea ivcwZi RvwiKZ Aav`kI Aea| wK Rbvij wRqv Zvi kvmb

156

312

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Avgj 15 AvM 1975 _K 9 Gwcj 1979 ch mKj Aea KvhgK

msm` KZK cg mskvabx AvBb 1979 cvmi gvag mvsweavwbK wewaZ
cwiYZ Kib|
kL nvwmbvi bZZ miKvi MVbi ci 12 bf^i 1996 RvZxq msm`
KzLvZ GB wbivcv-cwZweavb Aav`k-1975 evwZj Kiv nq| cavb
weivax`j weGbwc G Aav`k evwZj cwqvi cyiv mgq msm` eRb Ki|
RvgvZ Bmjvgxi mvsm`MY Gw`b msm` AbycwZ _vKb|
Kbj (Ae.) dviKi gv gvngy`v ingvb I Kbj (Ae.) kvnwiqvi iwk`
Lvb evw` nq Gi wei nvBKvU c_K `ywU wiU Ave`b Kib| 28 Rvbyqvwi
1997 nvBKvU wiU Ave`bq LvwiR Ki w`q ejb, wbivcv-cwZweavb
(wejvc) AvBb 1996 h_vh_fve cvm nqQ| Gi dj nZvKvi wePvii
ivi AMjgy nq| ci mywcgKvU nvBKvUi ivqi wei Avwcj Kiv nj
mywcgKvU nvBKvUi ivq envj ivLb|4
jb MwVZ nZv Z` Kwgkbi cv_wgK wicvU
1975 mvji 15 AvM gywRe I Zuvi cwievii m`m`i nZv Ges 3 bf^i
XvKv K`xq KvivMvi webvwePvi AixY mq` bRij Bmjvg (DcivcwZ),
ZvRDwb Avng` (c_g cavbgx), gbmyi Avjx (ZZxq cavbgx) I
Kvgvivgvb (wkgx) G Pvi RvZxq bZv nZvi Rb `vqx ew`i wei
AvBb I wePvii cwqvK h-mg Aev evavM KiQ mjv Z`
Kivi Rb gywRei ivcv `yB Kbv kL nvwmbv I kL invbv Ges cavbgxi
cy gvnv` mwjg I DcivcwZi cy mq` Avkivdzj Bmjvgi Ave`bg
mvi _gvm DBwjqvgm, wKD wm, Ggwci bZZ jb GKwU Z` Kwgkb
MVbi D`vM MnxZ nq| 1980 mvji 18 m^i mvi _gvm DBwjqvgmi
mfvcwZZ nvDm Ae Kgi GKwU KwgwUK Gi c_g mfv AbywZ nq|
Rwd _gvm, wKD wm, Ggwc Ges mwjwmUvi wg. AvIe ivR G mfvq DcwZ
wQjb| mfvkl Z` Kwgkb MVb I Zvi KvhcwZ NvlYv Ki Hw`bB
AbywZ GK mvsevw`K mjb GKwU weewZ cKvk Kiv nq|
Kwgkb wbv welqi Ici Kwgkbi cwZwU m`mi KvQ mieivnKZ
cgvY-msewjZ `wjjcvw` cixv Kivi D`vM MnY Ki :
4

ci Rvbv hvq, wRqv KZK cg mskvabxi gvag wbivcv-cwZweavb Aav`k 1975

msweavbi Afz njI gwjK AwaKvi I gvbevwaKvi cwicx nIqvq Zv mskvabi
Rb `yB-ZZxqvsk mvsm`i mg_b cqvRb wQj bv| GgbwK Zv nZv gvgjv `vqii c_
AvBbMZfve evavI wQj bv| Ze, cwiek AbyKj bv-_vKvq Zv KvR evN ^ic
gbvwK euvav wnme KvR KiQ|

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

313

K. 15 AvM eez kL gywReyi ingvb I Zuvi cwievii m`m`i nZv

Ges 3 bf^i Pvi RvZxq bZvi nZv;
L. Rbmg h-mg ew nZvi `vq`vwqZ MnY KiQ Ges
M. G mg welq evsjv`k miKvi KZK MnxZ c`cmgn|
cv KvMRc cixv _K wbv NUbv cwizU nq :
K. 1975 mvji 15 AvMi fvi XvKvi avbgw AvevwmK GjvKvq 32
b^i moK eez kL gywReyi ingvb Ges Zuvi cwievii wbv
m`me`K wbR evmfeb nZv Kiv nq :
1. eMg dwRjvZzbmv, kL gywReyi ingvbi x
2. kL Kvgvj, kL gywReyi ingvbi eoQj
3. kL Rvgvj, kL gywReyi ingvbi wZxq Qj
4. kL ivmj, kL gywReyi ingvbi QvUQj (9 eQi)
5. myjZvbv Avng` LyKz, kL Kvgvji x
6. cvifxb Rvgvj ivRx, kL Rvgvji x I
7. kL bvmi, kL gywReyi ingvbi fvB|
L. 1975 mvji 15 AvM GKB mgq wbv ew`iI nZv Kiv nq :
1. Ave`yi ie miwbqvevZ, kL gywReyi ingvbi fwMcwZ (we`yr,
mP cvwbm` gx)
2. eex (13 eQi), Rbve miwbqvevZi gq
3. Avwid, Rbve miwbqvevZi Qj
4. evey (4 eQi), Rbve miwbqvevZi bvwZ
5. GKRb AfvMZ fvM
6. wZbRb AwZw_
7. PviRb MnfZ
8. kL dRyjj nK gwY, kL gywReyi ingvbi fvM Ges gZvmxb
`ji AbZg mv`K
9. wgmm dRjyj nK (AviRy gwY), kL gywReyi ingvbi fvMbqx
Ges m-mgq Atmv
M. 1975 mvji 3 bf^i wbv RvZxq bZv`i XvKv K`xq KvivMvi
nZv Kiv nq :
1. mq` bRij Bmjvg (DcivcwZ)
2. Rbve ZvRDwb Avng` (c_g cavbgx)
3. Rbve gbmyi Avjx (ZZxq cavbgx)
4. Rbve GGBPGg Kvgvivgvb (wkgx I fZc~e `jxq mfvcwZ)|
N. G nZvKvjv Aemicv I KgiZ KwZcq mvgwiK Awdmvii
bZZ ^msLK mwbK viv msNwUZ nq|

157

314

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

O. 1975 mvji 3 bf^i evsjv`k ZvM Ki evsKK hvIqvi Rb

mvgwiKevwnbxi hme ew Avcvm-AvjvPbv PvwjqwQjb, Zv`i
ZvwjKv _K nZvKv RwoZ Awdmvi`i kbv Kiv hZ cvi|
eez kL gywReyi ingvbi nZvq RwoZ ew`i wei cwiPvwjZ
GKwU Afzvbi ciB I`i `kZvM NU|
evsjv`k _K evsKK cjvqbKvix ew`i ga wQj :
1. j. Kbj dviK
2. j. Kbj Ave`yi iwk`
3. gRi kwidzj nK (Wvwjg)
P. wbv ewiv Afzvbi bZv wQj ej Z cZxqgvb nq :
1. j. Kbj dviK
2. j. Kbj iwk`
3. gRi kwidzj nK (Wvwjg)
Q. kL gywReyi ingvb I Zuvi cwievi Ges XvKv K`xq KvivMvi mq`
bRij Bmjvg, ZvRDwb Avng`, gbmyi Avjx I GGBPGg
Kvgvivgvbi nZvi `vq`vwqZ j. Kbj dviK evsKK AbywZ
GKwU mjb ^xKvi KiQ| 1976 mvji 30 g jb mvbW
UvBgm cwKvq cKvwkZ mvsevw`K-mvvrKvi Ges 1976 mvji 2
AvM jb c` wUwf-mvvrKvi nZvi `vwqZ `pfve cybte
nqQ|5
5

mvsevw`K Avwb gvmKvibnvmK gRi dviK I gRi iwk` c` mvvrKvi (MvbvWv

wdj jvBewi, Bsjv _K msMwnZ) Zviv gywRe nZvi `vwqZ ^xKvi Ki| 30 g 1976
w` mvbW UvBgm (jb) dviKi eivZ I helped to kill Mujib, dare you put me on
trail wkivbvg GKwU wbe cKvwkZ nq| ZrKvjxb wRqvi miKvi GB JZi weiI
Kvbv eev MnY Kiwb| cieZxKvj kL nvwmbv jb MwVZ Z` Kwgkb Lybx`i
wei eev MnYi Rb (To bring the murderers to trial) wbic Ave`b Rvbvb :
My father, Bangabandhu Shekih Mujibur Rahman, members of our family
and four of my father's closest political associates were assassinated on 15
August and 3 November, 1975 respectively. Sheikh Mujib was the
founding father of the Bangladesh Republic and both he and his
colleagues were democratically elected representatives of their people.
They stood for secular democratic Bangladesh and it was the purpose of
their murderers and fellow conspirators to defeat these ends and create a
sectarian society.
Their death, which part of a coup, signalled the end of democracy in the
infant state and marked the beginning of military rule. The asassination
was obviously part of a wider conspiracy involving leading figures in the
countrys military and political establishment. Thus, despite repeated

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

315

R. 1975 mvji 15 AvMi fvi HwZnvwmK cwieZb msNUb I

mvgwiK kvmb Rvwii Rb KZ h-Kvbv Kg ev Gi cwiKbv cYqb
ev evevqb ev cqvRbxq c`c MnYi Rb Kvbv ewi wei
AvBbvbyM ev Ab Kvbv eev MnY _K weiZ ivLvi Dk
evsjv`k miKvi 1975 mvji 26 m^i wbivcv cwZweavb
Aav`k, 1975 wkiv bvg GK Aav`k Rvwi Ki|
S. Aav`ki eivZ `vqgywi wbwg 1975-Gi 15 AvMi fvi
MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvii cwieZb Ges mvgwiK kvmb Rvwii
Dk cwiKbv cYqb ev Dnvi evevqb ev mB wbwg cqvRbxq
c`c MnY mK ivcwZ c` cZqbc cqvRb| ejv nq, G
RvZxq cZqbc DwjwLZ NUbvi Pov mv ej weewPZ ne| G
RvZxq cZqbc `qv nqwQj wKbv Zv Rvbv hvqwb|
T. 1975 mvji 5 bf^i 768 bs MRU wewi gvag evsjv`k
miKvi mywcg KvUi Avwcj wefvMi wePvicwZ AvnmvbDwb
PaywiK Pqvigvb Ges nvBKvU wefvMi wePvicwZ KGg mvenvb
I wePvicwZ mq` gvnv` nvmbK m`m Ki mwZ XvKv K`xq
promises by the Dacca regime, none of the murderers have been brought
to book. Indeed, they and their fellow conspirators have, during these
interviening years, enjoyed the protection and
patronage of the
Government. Some of them have been appointed to diplomatic missions
abroad, while others occupy positions of privilege at home. In this
instance crime has paid.
Unable to get satisfaction from the Bangladesh authorities the families of
the victims and their democratic minded supporters in Britain, determined
that the matter must not be allowed to rest, persuaded a number of
distinguished jurists to set up a commission to inquire into the murder of
Bangabandhu and his family and of the four national leaders while under
detention without trial in the Dacca central jail. Their names and
reputations are a guarantee that the inquiry will conform to the highest
standards of judicial propriety. Their findings will, we hope, arouse the
world's conscience to these acts of terror and to the abuses of the rule of
law that have disfigured the political and social life of Bangladesh these
past seven years.
It is right and duty of governments and peoples, who cherish democratic
values, to support the democratic rights of peoples in all parts of the
world. And when such norms are violated, they should express their
abhorrence in every manner open to them. The Dacca junta is critically
dependent on the largesse of foreign governments and peoples.
International opinion can, therefore, play an important part in helping to
bring the murderers to trial as a first step towards restorationa of the rule
of law and democratic life in Bangldesh.London, 3 November 1982

158

316

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

U.

V.
W.

X.

Y.
Z.
_.

KvivMvi PviRb wewk ewK Kx cwiwwZZ bksmfve nZv Kiv

nq Zvi ZvrwYK Z` Abyvbi Rb wZb m`mwewk GKwU
wePviwefvMxq Z` Kwgkb MVb Ki|
1975 mvji 3 bf^i XvKv K`xq KvivMvi msNwUZ nZv mK
1975 mvji 5 bf^i XvKvi jvjevM _vbvq GKwU gvgjv Kiv nq|
cZxqgvb nq h, Awei Z`i ci welqwU wmAvBwWZ cvVvbv
nq|
6 eQii AwaKKvj AwZv nIqv mI mswk ew`i wei
Kvbv wewaMZ eev MnxZ nqwb|
Z` Kwgkbi m`m wg. wmb gvKevBWi bZZ 1977 mvji
Gwcj gvm Avgbw BUvibvkbvj wgkb evsjv`k cwi`kb Ki
Ges ivcwZmn Abvb KZci m AvjvPbvi mgq RjnZv
mK ejv nqwQj h, AvBbK Zvi wbR^ MwZZ PjZ `qv ne|
cieZx mgq j Kiv hvq, 1975 mvji 3 bf^i evsjv`k _K
evsKK cjvqbKvix nZvq RwoZ ew`i KUbwZK `vwqZ
wbqvwRZ Kiv nq| KUbwZK `vwqZcv ewiv njb :
1. j. Kbj (mveK gRi) kwidzj nK (Wvwjg)
2. j. Kbj AvwRR cvkv
3. gRi gwnDwb
4. gRi kvnwiqvi
5. gRi eRjyj `v
6. gRi ivk` Paywi
7. gRi bi
8. gRi kwidyj nvmb
9. Kvb wKmgZ nvmb
10. j. Lvqivgvb
11. j. Avyj gwR`
`Lv hvq, DwjwLZ ew`iK Zv`i c`jvZ vqx Kiv nq Ges
Zv evsjv`k MRU cKvwkZ nq |
Dchy NUbv I cv nZv mK AvBb I wePvii cwqv ^xqMwZZ
Pjvi c_ Kx Aivq iqQ, miRwgb Z`i Dk
Kwgkbi GKRb m`mi XvKv mdi Kivi wmv bqv nq|
GB gg wmv nq h, Kwgkbi AbZg m`m wg. Rwd _gvm,
wKD. wm. GKRb mvnvhKvixmn miRwgb Z` Abyvbi Rb
1981 mvji 13 Rvbyqvwi XvKv Mgb Kieb| wg. Rwd _gvm I Zvi

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

317

mnhvMxi XvKv Mgbi wfmv jvfi Rb Z` Kwgkbi mwPe

mwjwmUvi wg. AvIe ivR `iLv ck Kib|
`. Z` Kwgkbi m`m`i mgqgZv evsjv`k Mgbi wfmv `qv ne
BwZ Ki (jb) evsjv`k nvB Kwgkb welqwU Szwjq ivL|
a. 1981 mvji 13 Rvbyqvwi mvi wewUk GqviIqRi dvBUi myhvM
MnY KiZ `qvi j mKvj Riwi Abyiva Rvbvj jb
evsjv`k nvB Kwgkb cvmcvU I wfmv Aciv diZ `qv ne
Rvbvq wK mgq gZv Gjv PvIqv nj Rvbvbv nq, Kyjvi wefvM
e|
b. ci evsjv`k nvB Kwgkb Rvbvq, Zviv wg. Rwd _gvmi XvKv gYi
Rb wfmv w`Z AcviM| Z` Kwgkbi mwPe KZK eevi wPwV,
Uwjdvb I mivmwi hvMvhvM Kiv Ges mkxixi DcwZ nIqv mI
jb evsjv`k nvB Kwgkb _K ZvK wfmv cZvLvbc ev
G-RvZxq Kvbv evLv `qv nq wb|
Dci weeZ NUbvmgn _K Avgiv h cv_wgK Dcmsnvi DcbxZ nqwQ
Zv nj :
K. AvBb I wePvii cwqvK ^xqMwZZ PjZ `qv nqwb|
L. cZxqgvb nq G cwqvq evav mwZ miKviB `vqx|
M. mg evav Dco dj AvBb I wePviK ^xqMwZZ PjZ `qv DwPZ|
20 gvP 1982
14-18 nvB njeb, jb WweDwmAvB|

gvgjvi GRvnvi
cwZ : fvicv KgKZv
avbgw _vbv
XvKv|
welq : GRvnvi|
Avwg Av.d.g. gwnZzj Bmjvg, wcZv (gZ) G.IqvB.Gg. bij Bmjvg. mvs
Bmjvg KzwUi, nvmcvZvj ivW, wSKiMvQv, _vbv wSKiMvQv, Rjv hkvni,
eZgvb dvU bs 26, wews bs 1, mKkvb 14, wgicyi, XvKv GB gg
RvbvwQ h, 1975 mvj ZrKvjxb MYcRvZx evsjv`ki cwmWU eez
kL gywReyi ingvbi evwo bs-677, ivo bs-32, avbgw, XvKvi evwoi
wiwmcmwb Kvg iwmWU wcG wnme KgiZ wQjvg|
14 AvM, 1975 ZvwiL iv 8Uv _K 15 AvM mKvj 8Uv ch
Avgvi H evwoZ wWDwU wQj| h_vixwZ Avwg iv 8Uvi mgq cwmWUi

159

318

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
evmfeb wWDwUZ Avwm| H mgq H evwoi wbPZjvq Uwjdvb wgw Ave`yj
gwZb, evwoi ivLvj Ave`yj AvwRR, GKRb BjKwUK wgw Ges GKRb
KvRi ewU, DciZjvq KvRi Qj gv. mwjg Iid Ave`yj Ges Ave`yi
ingvb Iid igv wQj| Hw`b H evwoZ eezi 3 (wZb) Qj h_vg
kL Kvgvj, kL Rvgvj I kL ivmj, kL Kvgvji x myjZvbv Kvgvj,
kL Rvgvji x ivRx Rvgvj, eMg gywRe wQjb| ZvQvov eezi QvUfvB
kL bvmiI evwoZ Aevb KiwQjb|
H ivZ H evwoZ wbivcv wWDwUZ cywjki wWGmwc Rbve bij Bmjvg
Lvb, Bci Lvik`, Gmwei GKRb Awdmvi Ges cywjki Aviv Abvb
c`i jvK wQj| cywjk Qvov wbivcv wWDwUZ mbvevwnbxi KwZcq m`m
wQj| iv AvbygvwbK 8-9 Uvi mgq eez evBi _K evmvq Avmb| Zuvi
mi wmwKDwiwU Ges Abiv ZuvK evwo cuQ w`q Pj hvb|
Zviv Pj hvevi ci Avwg MU cvnviviZ Avwg I cywjki mv_ M
KiwQjvg| ivZ 1 Uvi w`K Avgv`i Rb wbavwiZ weQvbvq Z Mjvg|
KLb h Nywgq cojvg Zv Lqvj bB| nVvr Uwjdvb wgw Ave`yj gwZb
avv w`q AvgvK DVvb Ges ejb, cwmWU mvne AvcbvK Uwjdvb
WvKQb| meZ ZLb mgq ne 4-30Uv ev 5Uv| Pvwiw`K ek cwivi nq
MQ| ZLbv evwoi wewfb vb e`ywZK evwZ RjwQj| Avwg ZvovZvwo Gm
Uwjdvb aijvg|
eez AvgvK ejjb, miwbqvevZi evmvq `yZKvixiv AvgY KiQ|
Rjw` cywjk KUvjig Uwjdvb jvMv| Avwg m m Uwjdvb jvMvevi
Pv Kijvg, wKy jvBb cvwQjvg bv| Zvici MYfeb GP jvBb
jvMvbvi Pv Kwi|
m-gynZ eez Dci _K wbP bg Avgvi ig Avmb Ges AvgvK
wRvmv Kib, Kx nj, cywjk KUvjig jvMvZ ejjvg, jvMvwj bv? Avwg
ejjvg, mvi, cywjk KUvjig aiQ bv| Avwg MYfeb GP aiwQ|
MYfeb _K Uwjdvb aiQ, wK K_vi Kvbv Di w`Q bv| Avwg
njv nvjv ej wPrKvi KiwQjvg ZLb eez Avgvi nvZ _K wiwmfvi
wbq ejjb, Avwg cwmWU kL gywRe ejwQ| wVK ZLwb GKSuvK wj
Avgv`i AwdmKi `wYw`Ki Rvbvjvi Mvm fO `qvj Gm jvM|
Ab Uwjdvb wPd wmwKDwiwU Awdmvi gwnDwb Uwjdvb Kib, Avwg
awi| wVK mB gyn~Z GKUv MvmfvOv Avgvi WvbnvZi KbyBi KvQ Gm weua
KU i SiZ _vK| GB mgq Rvbvjv w`q AbMj wj AvmZ _vK|
eez Avgvi Uweji cvk q cob Ges Avgvi nvZ ai Ub Z
ejb| Avwg q cwo| wKQyYi ga wj e nq hvq| eez DV
`uvovjb Ges AvwgI DVjvg| Dci _K KvRi Qj mwjg Iid Ave`yj

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv
eezi cvvwe I Pkgv wbq Gj| Avgvi AwdmK `uvwoq wZwb cvvwe
cijb| eviv`vq Gm wZwb ejjb, Avwg mwU, cywjk mwU, GZ wj
PjQ, Zvgiv Kx Kiv? GB ej wZwb Dci DV Mjb|
mB mgq kL Kvgvj wbP eviv`vq Gm ejjb, Avwg-cywjk fvB, mevB
Avgvi mv_ Avmyb| ejvi mv_ mv_ 3/4 Rb Kvj I wKQy LvwK-cvkvKavix
jvK Amn mvgb Gm `uvovj| Avwg I wWGmwc bij Bmjvg mvne Kvgvj
fvBqi wcQb `uvwoq wQjvg| ZLb wWGmwc bij Bmjvg mvne AvgvK
wcQb w`K Uvb w`q AwdmKi ga wbq Mjb| ILvb _K evBi Kx
nQ `LZ Pv Kijvg| Aveviv wji k bjvg| GB mgq Kvgvj fvB
wj Lq jvd w`q Avgvi cvqi KvQ Gm cob|
Kvgvj fvB wPrKvi Ki ejjb, Avwg kL gywRei Qj kL Kvgvj, Zv
I`iK ejb| AvgYKvix`i ga Kvjv-cvkvKavix I LvwKcvkvKavix wQj| Avwg Zv`iK ejjvg : fvB, Dwb kL gywRei Qj kL
Kvgvj| Iiv m m Kvgvj fvBK j Ki Avevi dvqvi Kij| Avevi
Kvgvj fvBqi kixi wj jvM, GKwU wj Avgvi nuvUzZ jvM| GKB m
wWGmwc bij Bmjvg mvnei cvqI wj jvM|
ZLb Avwg cwivi eySZ cvijvg Zviv mevB Avwgi jvK, Zviv GB evwoZ
GKwU nZvKv NUvbvi RbB GmQ| wWGmwc mvne AvgvK Ub Dbvi
K wbq hvb, ILvb `wL Gmwei GKRb Awdmvi| wifjfvi Zvi cvqi
KvQ co AvQ Ges m Lye fxZ-m| wWGmwc mvne Avgv`i `yRbK
wcQbi `iRv w`q avv w`q ei Ki wbq hZ Pv Kib| ZLb Avwgi
gRi eRjyj `v Avgv`i gv_vi Pzj Ub ai| Zvi mv_ Aviv Aavix
Avwgi jvK wQj| eRjyj `v Avgv`i wbq MUi wbKU jvBb Ki `uvo
Kivq| mLvb ZLb cywjki jvK Ges Uwjdvb wgwK jvBb `uvo Kwiq
iLwQj| Uwjdvb wgw Ave`yj gwZbi cvk wWGmwc mvne I AvgvK
`uvo Kivq| Avgvi cvk Gmwei cywjk Awdmvi `uvovbv wQj|
nVvr GKRb Avwg Gm Gmwei cywjk AwdmviK wj Ki, mv_ mv_ wZwb
wj Lq co hvb| KqKRb AvwgK Avgv`i cvnvivq iL evwKiv dvqvi
KiZ KiZ `vZjvq hvq| wKQyY ci eezi DPK bZ cjvg|
GiciB AbK wji k bZ cjvg| mv_ mv_ gwnjv`i AvnvRvwi I
AvZwPrKvi bjvg| GB mgq wbP ivbvi Ni I MvqvjNi _K eywo I
ivLvj AvwRRK Avgv`i jvBb Gb `uvo Kivq| Dci _K kL bvmiK
Gb Avgv`i jvBb `uvo Kivq| Zvi nvZ wji iv RLg wQj|
kL bvmi ejjb, mvi Avwg Zv ivRbxwZ Kwi bv, eemv-evwYR Ki
LvB| ZLb cvk `uvovbv GKRb Avwg ejjb, kL gywRe BR eUvi `b
bvmi| h Aavix Avwgi jvKwU kL bvmiK wbq GmwQj m ejj :

319

160

320

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
wVK AvQ AvcbvK wKQy eje bv, Avcwb H ig wMq emyb -GB ej
Avgv`i jvBb _K ZvK ei Ki Avgv`i Awdmigi mv_ GUvPW
ev_ig wbq ZvK wj Ki| Zvici H Aavix Avwgi jvKwU Avgv`i
jvBbi KvQ wdi Avm| kL bvmi cvwb cvwb ej wPrKvi Kib| ZLb
GKRb Avwgi jvK Ab GKRb Avwgi jvKK ej : hv cvwb w`q Avq|
m cybivq mLvb hvq Ges cvwbi cwieZ Avevi wj Ki|
BZvga wk ivmj I igvK wbP wbq Avm| wk ivmj c_g igvK I
ci AvgvK Rwoq ai ej, fvBqv AvgvK gvie bv Zv? Avgvi aviYv
wQj, wk ivmjK Zviv gvie bv| mB aviYvZB Avwg ewj, bv fvBqv
ZvgvK gvie bv| LvwK-cvkvKavix GKRb Avgvi KvQ _K ivmjK
Rvi Ki wbq Mj| ivmj Zvi gvqi KvQ hZ PvBj ZvK gvqi KvQ
bevi K_v ej wfZi wbq hvq| GiciB wji k wb| GB mgq gRi
eRjyj `vK MUi wbKU gRi dviK Kx hb wRm Ki| ZLb eRjyj
`v ejb, Aj Avi wdwbkW|
Avgiv hLb MUi wbKU jvBb `uvovbv wQjvg, ZLb eezi evwoi mvgbi
ivv w`q UvsK hvIqv-Avmv KiZ `wL| UvsKi Dci KvjvcvkvKavix Avwgi jvK `wL| ejv Abygvb 8Uvi w`K Kbj Rvwgj
mvnei WWewW Zvi MvwoZ Ki Avwgi GKRb WvBfvi WvBf Ki
eezi evwoi wfZi wbq Avm| GK mgq gRi WvwjgK LvwK cvkvK
civ Aevq NUbvj `LwQ| NUbvj DcwZ Avwg`i mv_ ZvK K_v
ejZ `wL|
MZ 15.08.1975 ZvwiL fvi msNwUZ nZvKv eez kL gywReyi
ingvbi evwoZ eez kL gywReyi ingvb, eMg gywRe, Qj kL Kvgvj,
kL Rvgvj, kL ivmj, kL Kvgvji x myjZvbv Kvgvj, kL Rvgvji x
ivRx Rvgvj, kL bvmi I Gmwei GKRb cywjk AwdmviK nZv Kiv
nq| mveK gRi dviK, gRi eRjyj `v, gRi b~i I gRi WvwjgK
GB nZvKvi mgq Ges ciciB Avwg NUbvj `LwQ Ges wPbZ
ciwQ|
Zviv QvovI Avwg NUbvi ci wewfb jvKgyL Ges `kx-we`kx msev`c,
gvMvwRb I GB msv wjwLZ eBqi gvag RvbZ ciwQ h, L`Kvi
gvkZvK, Zvni Dwb VvKzi, gRi iwk`, gRi kvnwiqvi, gRi cvkv,
gRi kidzj nvmb, gRi ivk` Payix, gRi gwnDwb, Kvb
wKmgZ, wimvj`vi gvmjn Dwbmn muvRvqv, Mvj`vRevwnbxi m`m I
mbvevwnbxi Abvb BDwbUi wKQy m`m, DPvwfjvlx wKQy ivRbwZK
bZe`i mv_ loh wj nq wbR wbR ^v_ MZ 15.08.1975 ZvwiL
ivi cwmWU, Zuvi cwievieM I Avxq^RbK wbggfve wj Ki nZv

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

321

Ki|
GRvnvi Awfhy Avmvwg Qvov Ab hviv GB nZvKvi mv_ RwoZ wQj,
Zv`i bvg Z` cKvk cve|
Avgvi Rxebi wbivcv Ges bvbvwea cwZKj Aevi KviY GB NUbvi
GRvnvi KiZ wej^ nj|

^v/gwnZzj Bmjvg
02.10.96
(Av.d.g. gwnZzj Bmjvg)
wcZv : (gZ) G.IqvB.Gg. bij Bmjvg
mvs : Bmjvg KzwUi, nvmcvZvj ivW
wSKiMvQv, _vbv : wSKiMvQv
Rjv : hkvni|

avbgw _vbvi ZrKvjxb Iwm kwdDjvn gvgjvi 56Zg mvx D

GRvnvi iKW Kib| gvgjvi b^i 10 (10) 96|
AvwfhvMc (PvRwkU)
nZvKv-mwKZ G gvgjvi Z`i `vwqZ cv_wgK chvq avbgw _vbvi Iwm
MnY Kib Ges cieZxZ wmAvBwWK `qv nq| `xN 3 gvm 13 w`bi Z`
kl wmAvBwWi GGmwc Ave`yj Kvnnvi AvK` 1997 mvji 15 Rvbyqvwi
PvRwkU `vwLj Kib|
34 cvi PvRwkU 1 _K 24 cv Ryo mwbewkZ nqQ Avmvwg I
mvx`i ZvwjKv, Zv`i vqx I eZgvb wVKvbv Ges 45wU AvjvgZi weeiY;
24 _K 34 b^i ch gvU 11 cvevcx iqQ gvgjvi AwfhvM Z_v
Acivai bvg, msw weeiY I AwfhvMi avivmgn| PvRwkUi iZc~Y
Askwekl wbic :
ev`xi wjwLZ GRvnvi cvBqv (avbgw) _vbvi fvicv KgKZv gvgjv iRy
Kib Ges KZci wb`k gvZveK Avwg gvgjvwUi Z`fvi MnY Kwi|
Z`Kvj Avwg NUbvj cwi`kbc~eK NUbvji c_K-mwPmn Lmov
gvbwP Zwi Kwi, AvjvgZ R Kwi Ges mvx`i wRvmvev` Kwiqv
Zvnv`i Revbew` Kvh wewai 161 avivgZ c_K c_Kfve wjwce Kwi|
gvgjvq RwoZ Avmvwg j. Kbj mq` dviK ingvb (Ae.), j. Kbj
myjZvb kvnwiqvi iwk` Lvb (Ae.), j. gwnDwb (mveK mK wd
AvwUjvwi), fvicv cwiPvjK weGbwmwm Kvb bij `v (Ae.), Abvivwi
Kvb Av. Inve Rvqvi`vi, gv. BDbym Avjx (AvwUjvwi), gv. Avey gymv
gRyg`vi (jvvi), wgmm hvevq`v iwk`, Zvni Dwb VvKziMYK MdZvi

161

322

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
Kwiqv wRvmvev`c~eK KvU ciY Kwij Zvnv`i ga Avmvwg j. Kbj
mq` dviK ingvb (Ae.), j. Kbj myjZvb kvnwiqvi iwk` Lvb (Ae.),
j. gwnDwb (mveK mK wd AvwUjvwi), Abvivwi Kvb Av. Inve
Rvqvi`vi (Ae.), kL gv. BDbym Avjx, gv. Avey gymv gRyg`vi, Zvni
Dwb VvKzi, wgmm hvevq`v iwk`MY ^xKvivwgjK Revbew` c`vb
Kib|
Z` cv mv-cgvY cZxqgvb nq h, wez I nZvkvM mbvm`m
Avmvwg gRi mq` dviK ingvb, gRi L`Kvi Av. iwk`, gRi gwnDwb
(jvvi), gRi gwnDwb (AvwUjvwi), Kvb gvdv, Kvb eRjyj
`v, gRi AvwRR cvkv, gRi Avng` kwidzj nvmb, j. bvRgyj nvmb
Avbmvi, j. wKmgZ nvmg, Kvb gvR`, Abvivwi Kvb Av. Inve
Rvqvi`vi, wimvj`vi gvmjgDwb, wimvj`vi mvivqvi, `dv`vi gvidZ
Avjx kvn, GjwW Aveyj nvmg gav, gRi myjZvb kvnwiqvi (Ae.),
PvKwiPzZ mbvm`m gRi kwidzj nK Wvwjg, gRi GGBPGgwe bi Payix,
gRi ivk` Paywi Ges DPvwfjvlx ivRbwZK bZe` Avmvwg L`Kvi
gvkZvK Avng`, ZvniDwb VvKzi, gvneyeyj Avjg Pvlx, wgmm hvevq`v
iwk`-eez kL gywReyi ingvb, Zuvnvi cwievieM I Avxq^Rb mKjK
nZv Kivi Pv wj nb|
GB Pv cZ I civfve DwjwLZ ivRbwZK bZe` I DwjwLZ
DPc` KgKZv mwqfve GB AcivagjK loh wj nBqv g`` hvMvq
I mnhvwMZv Kib|
Z` Aviv cgvwYZ nq h, NUbvi w`b 15 AvM 1975 ZvwiL A
AwfhvMc 2 I 3 bs Kjvg ewYZ Avmvwg gRi mq` dviK ingvb,
gRi L`Kvi Av. iwk`, gRi gwnDwb (jvvi), gRi gwnDwb
(AvwUjvwi), Kvb gvdv, Kvb eRjyj `v, gRi AvwRR cvkv,
gRi Avng` kwidzj nvmb, j. bvRgyj nvmb, j. wKmgZ nvmg,
wimvj`vi gvmjgDwb, wimvj`vi mvivqvi, `dv`vi gvidZ Avjx kvn,
GjwW Aveyj nvmg gav, PvKwiPzZ gRi kwidzj nK Wvwjg, gRi GBP
Ggwe bi Payix, gRi ivk` Payix, j. Kbj myjZvb kvnwiqvi (Ae.)
XvKv KvUbgUi Dicvk evjyiNvU GjvKvq Ges msjM 1g ej
jvvi BDwbU bvBU UwbOi ARynvZ eAvBwbfve Mvjvwj msMnc~eK
mgeZ jvvi BDwbUi fvicv AwabvqK Avmvwg mq` dviK ingvb
Ges Uz wd AvwUjvwi iwRgUi AwabvqK gRi L`Kvi Av. iwk`
Zvnv`i Aaxb KwZcq m`m`iK wewds `b Ges wewdsKvj Aaxb
mbv-m`m`iK eezi wei DkgjK wg_v ee w`qv civwPZ I
DwRZ Kib Ges c~ecwiKwZ bxj bKkv gvZveK eez kL gywReyi
ingvb, Zuvnvi cwievii m`meM, Avxq^Rb I Abvb`i nZv Kivi Rb
Zvnv`i mnhvMxiv K Kv_vq hvBe GB welq Zvnviv wb`k c`vb Kib|

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv
mB gvZveK AvmvwgMY wZb `j wef nBqv GKwU `j fvi mvo 4Uv
nBZ 5Uvi ga eezi evwoZ mk AvgY PvjvBqv eez kL gywReyi
ingvb, Zuvnvi x dwRjvZzbQv Ges Zuvnvi Qj kL Kvgvj, kL Rvgvj,
10 eQii kL ivmj, Kvgvji x myjZvbv Kvgvj, Rvgvji x ivRx
Rvgvj I eezi fvB kL bvmi, kvj evi cywjk Awdmvi GGmAvB
wmwKzi ingvbK wj Kwiqv bksmfve nZv Kib Ges nZvi Dk ev`x
gwnZzj Bmjvg, wWGmwc byij Bmjvg I evwoi PvKi mwjgK wj Kwiqv
gvivK RLg Kib| Bnv QvovI NvZKiv eezi mveK GGmwc Kbj
Rvwgj I Zuvnvi evwoZ cvnvivZ mbvm`m mq` mvgQyj nKKI wj
Kwiqv nZv Ki|
Z` I mv-cgvY cv_wgKfve Aviv cgvwYZ nq h, NUbvj I Dnvi
Avkcvk DcwZ KwZcq mvx GB nZvKvi mgq nZvKv
AskMnYKvix`i kbv KwiqvQb Ges nZvKv NUvBZ `wLqvQb| GB
nZvKv NUvbvi ci nZvKvixiv c~ecwiKbv Abyhvqx nZvKv NUvBevi K_v
^xKvi Kwiqv evsjv`k eZvi NvlYv `b Ges cii hvMmvRk
Aeafve L`Kvi gvkZvKK cwmWU wnme AvLvwqZ Kib|
Avmvwg`i KZ Aciva nBZ wbR`i euvPvBevi Rb eez I Abvb`i
jvki myiZnvj I gqbvZ` bv KivBqv nZvi AvjvgZ web Kib|
ZvQvov NUbvi mgq NUbvj Avmvwgiv evwoi gvjvgvj ZQbQ Kib Ges
gjevb gvjvgvj Pzwi Kwiqv jBqv hvb| cieZxZ ZrKvjxb mvgwiK miKvi
AwaKvsk nZvKvix AvmvwgK we`k PvKwi w`qv cyiZ Kib|
Z` cv mv-cgvY A AwfhvMc 2 I 3 bs Kjvg Awfhy
AvmvwgMY cii hvMmvRk GKB Dk AcivagjK loh wj nb
Ges Dk mvabK AvmvwgMY Kjvg bs 2 Gi 1 nBZ Ges 3 bs Kjvg
1, 2, 4 I 5 bs AvmvwgMY eAvBwbfve Mvjvwj msMnc~eK mk Aevq
eAvBwb mgvek mgeZ nBqv c~ecwiKbv gvZveK eez kL gywReyi
ingvb, Zuvnvi cwievii m`meM, Axq^Rb I Abvb`i nZv Kwiqv Ges
Aviv KwZcq ewK nZvi Dk wj Kwiqv gvivK RLg I gjevb
gvjvgvj Pzwi Kwiqv I wbR`i KZ Aciva nBZ wbR`iK ivi Rb
evsjv`k ` wewai 302/120/(we) 324/307/201/380/149/34/109 aviv
gvZveK Aciva KwiqvQ ewjqv cv_wgKfve cgvwYZ nIqvq Av`vjZ
wePviv_ Avwg Zvnv`i wei Dciv avivq A AwfhvMc `vwLj
Kwijvg|
Kjvg bs 2-Gi wgK bs 15 nBZ 18 ch Avmvwg`i wei ewYZ
avivq AwfhvM cv_wgKfve cgvwYZ| wK Zvnviv gZ weavq Zvnv`iK
wePvii Rb mvc` Kiv Mj bv| GKB Kjvgi 6, 7 Ges 8 wgKi
Avmvwg`i wei NUbv cgvYi h_ mv-cgvY bv _vKvq wePvi mvc`

323

162

324

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
Kiv Mj bv weavq Zv`i gvgjvi `vq nBZ AevnwZ `vbi mycvwik Kiv
nBj|

Avmvwg`i ZvwjKv
gvgjvi gvU 24 Rb Avmvwgi ga wbv 7 RbK MdZvi Kiv me nq :
1. j. Kbj (Ae.) mq` dviK ingvb
2. j. Kbj (Ae.) myjZvb kvnwiqvi iwk` Lvb
3. j. Kbj (Ae.) gwnDwb Avng` (AvwUjvwi)
4. Abvivwi Kvb (Ae.) Ave`yj Iqvnve Rvqvi`vi
5. Zvni Dwb VvKzi (cvb Z_ cwZgx)
6. hvevq`v iwk` (6 RyjvB 1997 nvBKvU KZK AwfhvM _K
AevwnZ cv|)
7. gRi (Ae.) eRjyj `v ( _vBjv MdZvi nq ew` Aevq `k
cZvcb)|
cjvZK 13 Rb Avmvwg :
1. j. Kbj (Ae.) L`Kvi Ave`yi iwk`
2. j. Kbj G GBP Gg we (Ae.) bi Paywi
3. j. Kbj (Ae.) kwidzj nK Wvwjg
4. j. Kbj (Ae.) Ave`yj AvwRR cvkv
5. j. Kbj (Ae.) gv. Gg G ivk` Paywi
6. gRi (Ae.) G K Gg gwnDwb Avng` (jvvi)
7. wimvj`vi (Ae.) gvmjgDwb Iid gvmjnDwb
8. gRi (Ae.) Avng` kwidzj nvmb
9. Kvb (Ae.) gv. wKmgZ nvmg
10. Kvb (Ae.) bvRgyj nvmb (Avbmvi)
11. `dv`vi (Ae.) gvidZ Avjx kvn
12. GjwW Aveyj nvkg gav
13. Kvb (Ae.) Ave`yj gvR`
wbv 4 Rb Avmvwg gZ weavq gvgjvi `vq _K AevnwZcv
1. L`Kvi gvkZvK Avng`
2. gvneyeyj Avjg Pvlx
3. wimvj`vi mq` mvivqvi nvmb

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

325

4. Kvb Gg. gvdv Avnv`|

mvx`i ZvwjKv
mvgwiK-emvgwiK 61 ew G gvgjvq mv w`qQb, Zviv njb :
1. Avdg gwnZzj Bmjvg (gvgjvi ev`x)
2. Ave`yi ingvb kL igv evmvi KvRi Qj
3. gvnv` mwjg Iid Ave`yj
4. nvwej`vi (Ae.) Kzym wkK`vi (evmvi wbivcv wbqvwRZ Avwg MvW)
5. nvwej`vi (Ae.) Ave`yj Mwb
6. nvwej`vi (Ae) mvnive Avwj
7. j. Kbj (Ae.) Aveyj evkvi (eezi evmvi wbivcv MvW
KvvwbwUi AwabvqK)
8. gRi (Ae.) kvnv`vZ nvmb Lvb (eezi evmvi NUbv Rvbvi Rb
mbvm`i _K cwiZ Awdmvi)
9. j. Kbj (Ae.) GgG nvwg` (wbnZ`i `vdbi mv_ m ew)
10. gRi Rbvij (Ae.) Ave`yi ie
11. ewki Avng` (NUbvq RwoZ UvsKevwnbxi GjwW)
12. GGjwW wmivRyj nK
13. `dv`vi kwdDwb m`vi
14. `dv`vi (Ae.) Ave`yj Revi gav
15. KgWvi Mvjvg ievwb (ivcwZi eezi GwWwm)
16. gRi (Ae.) kwn`yjvn (UvsKevwnbx)
17. nvwej`vi (Ae.) kvgmyj Bmjvg (Kvgvbevwnbx)
18. nvwej`vi (Ae.) Avey Zvni
19. `dv`vi kwn`yi ingvb (UvsKevwnbx)
20. AvqbDwb gvjv (NUbvq wbnZ Kbj Rvwgji Mvwoi WvBfvi)
21. Ave`yj LvjK (AvwUjvwii mwbK)
22. `dv`vi (Ae.) Ave`yj AvwRR
23. wimvj`vi (Ae.) Ave`yj Avwjg gvjv (jvvi)
24. nvwej`vi (Ae.) Avwgbyi ingvb (AvwUjvwi)
25. bvqK gvnv` Bqvwmb

163

326

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

26. bvqK (Ae.) Rvgij Bmjvg

27. nvwej`vi (Ae.) nvib Ai iwk`
28. Ave`yj nvB kL (Uzwcvovq eezi jvk `vdb-Kvdbi mv_ m)
29. bvqK wknveDwb (AvwUjvwii mwbK)
30. Ave`yi ingvb (eezi jvk `vdbi mv_ m cywjki wmwbqi
GGmwc)
31. gvvwdRyi ingvb (eezi evmvq KZeiZ Aevq wbnZ cywjk
Awdmvii Qj, wgicyi)
32. nvwej`vi (Ae.) mvR`yj nK (NUbvq RwoZ Uz wd AvwUjvwii mwbK)
33. nvwej`vi (Ae.) mwjgDwb (eezi evmvi mvgbi ivvq cUj
wWDwUZ _vKv Kzwgjv _K AvMZ Iqvb wd AvwUjvwii mwbK)
34. mye`vi Rqbvj Avew`b (Uz-wd AvwUjvwi)
35. mye`vi gRi (Ae.) Avwbmyj nK Paywi
36. bIqvR Avng` MRb (eezi cwZekx)
37. wiqvRyj nK (iwWI Bwwbqvi)
38. cYe P` ivq (iwWI Bwwbqvi)
39. wimvj`vi gbmyi Avng`
40. Abvivwi jdUbvU (ewnZ) mq` Avng`
41. weMwWqvi GKGg kvnRvnvb (NUbvi mgq 16 Bej iwRgUi
AwabvqK)
42. gRi (Ae.) wRqvDwb Avng` (cuPvii AvM wWwRGdAvBZ
KgiZ mbv-Awdmvi)
43. AavcK Lvik` Avjg (cuPvi Kzwgjvi gbvbxZ Rjv Mfbi )
44. Kbj (Ae.) kvdvqvZ Rvwgj (IB mgq XvKv K`xq KvUbgU 46
weMW Kgvvi)
45. gRi Rbvij (Ae.) mwdDjvn (cuPvi mbvcavb)
46. gvLjmyi ingvb fzuBqv (efebi KgPvwi)
47. gRi Rbvij (Ae.) Lwjjyi ingvb (cuPvi wewWAvi-Gi
gnvcwiPvjK)
48. Gqvi fvBm gvkvj (Ae.) GK L`Kvi (cuPvi wegvbevwnbx cavb)
49. wiqvi GWwgivj (Ae.) Gg GBP Lvb (cPuvi bevwnbx cavb)
50. bij Bmjvg Lvb (eezi evmvi wbivcvi `vwqZ cvjbKvix cywjki
wWGmwc)

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

327

51. AvdRvjyi ingvb (Avmvwg dviK I kvnwiqvii ^xKvivwgjK

Revbew` iKWKvix gvwRU)
52. nvweeyi ingvb (Avmvwg ZvniDwb VvKzi I j. Kbj (Ae.)
gwnDwbi ^xKvivwgjK Revbew` iKWKvix XvKvi AwZwi wPd
gUvcwjUb gvwRU)
53. mq` wmwKzi ingvb (eez wZ Rv`yNii wKDiUi)
54. gvnv` Bwjqvm (Uzwcvovq eezi jvk `vdbi mgq DcwZ ew)
55. Kbj (Ae.) mq` Avjx Avbmvi (cuPvi eez feb wbqvwRZ
mbv-wbivcvevwnbxi Kzwgjv mbvwbevm Iqvb wd AvwUjvwi
iwRgUi wmI)
56. kwdDjvn (avbgw _vbvi mveK Iwm)
57. `vD` Avjx (ciiv gYvjqi mnKvwi mwPe)
58. AvwRRyj nK (Dc-mwPe)
59. eLwZqvi nvmb (wmkixi wfwWI eemvqx)
60. Ave`yjvn Avj nvmvb (ciiv gYvjqi mveK gnvcwiPvjK)
61. Ave`yj Kvn&nvi AvK` (Z`Kvix KgKZv|
gvgjvi PvRwkU Afz Kiv njI ivc Av`vjZ hv`i mvx wnme
Dcvcb Kiwb Zviv njb :
1. AavcK kvgmyj nK
2. j. Rbvij (Ae.) bi Dwb Lvb (gx)
3. bi Avn` (UBjvi)
4. Ave`yj nvwjg Zid`vi
5. jv bvqK (IBBD) gvdvj nvmb
6. gvnv` Avjx (eZvi cKkjx)
7. gwZqvi ingvb (eZvi cKkjx)
8. AvwRR Avn` (Z_ Awa`ii jvBewiqvb)
9. mvq`yi ingvb (gUvcwjUb gvwRU)
10. Rvnvxi nvmb (wmAvBwWi cywjk cwi`kK)
11. j. Kbj gneZ nvmb (cwZiv Mvq`v gnvcwi`i) |
cgvY wnme DcvwcZ AvjvgZ mgn :
gvgjvq AvjvgZ wnme wbv 45wU wRwbk Av`vjZ ck Kiv nq :

164

328

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

1. AKzj evwoi `vZjvq DVv wmuwoi 2q avc _K wbPi w`K MovBqv

hvIqv wKQy cyivZb igvLv wcs|
2. wbPZjvq cvVvMvi nBZ eyjUwe eB 5wU : (K) History of India
(Hindu period) (L) kvwj (ggZvR gwZb bxiv) - wfZi wji
Lvmv AvQ (M) DovRvnvR Kqw` (kx fzek P` mb weG) (N)
Zvgv`i Rb fvjevmv (gvqb Avng`) (O) Dircet from longland
: the great new guide to playing guitar.

3. kv-Kmi fvOv Mvmi KqKwU UzKiv|

4. Avjgvwii KuvPi fvOv KqKwU UzKiv (Ki Di-c~e KvY iwZ
`yBwU Avjgvwi)|
5. nvmb knx` mvnivIqv`x I eez kL gywReyi ingvbi hyMj Qwe,
1wU wjwe (wbPZjvi cvVvMvi nBZ RKZ)|
6. GKwU cyivZb PK mwZ igvLv jywO hvnvZ 5wU wQ` AvQ, hvnv
eez kL gywReyi ingvbi eeZ jywO ewjqv eez wZ hv`yNii
wKDiUi mq` wmwKzi ingvb KZK kbvKZ|
7. GKwU cyivZb mwZ kv`v cvvwe, igvLv I Quov, hvnvi Wvbw`K 4wU,
evgw`K Dci 3wU, wbP GKwU I cUi wbPi w`K 4wU wQ` AvQ|
Bnv Qvov wewfb vb KvUv wQ` wP AvQ; hvnv eez kL gywReyi
ingvbi eeZ cvvwe ewjqv GKB ew KZK kbvKZ|
8. Kvj dghy eeZ Pkgv GKRvov, hvnv eez kL gywReyi
ingvbi eeZ Pkgv ewjqv GKB ew KZK kbvKZ|
9. GKLvbv eeZ jvj co kv`v igvLv kvwo, GKwU evDR igvLv,
hvnvi wcQb 13wU QvU-eo wQ` AvQ I 1wU igvj igvLv, hvnv
eMg gywRei eeZ kvwo, evDR, igvj ewjqv GKB ew KZK
kbvKZ|
10. GKwU cyivZb Quov mwZ kv`v cvvwe igvLv, hvnvi mvgbi w`K
wewfb RvqMvq 8wU eo wQ`, wcQbi w`K 8wU eo wQ`, wbPi Ask
Quov| Wvb nvZvi mvgbi w`K 2wU, wcQbi w`K 1wU, evg nvZvi
wbPi w`K 3wU wQ` AvQ| Bnv QvovI wewfb vb wKQy KvUv wQ` wP
we`gvb| Dnv kL Avey bvmii eeZ cvvwe ewjqv GKB ew
KZK kbvKZ|
11. GKwU Mvj igvLv Uzwc, hvnv kL bvmii eeZ ewjqv GKB ew
KZK kbvKZ|

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

329

12. GKwU igvLv kvU-AvKvwk iOi, hvnv kL ivmji eeZ ewjqv

GKB ew KZK kbvKZ|
13. eezi jvk-XvKv GKwU gvwKb Kvco|
14. GKwU kv`v igvLv Zvqvj|
15. wji Lvmv 6wU, hvnvi 2wU eo I 4wU QvU|
16. wcjU 2wU|
17. 2 (`yB) wU wj|
18. 1 (GK) wU wjwe cvb`vwb|
19. KuvPi fvOv UzKiv Abygvb 50 (cvk) wU|
20. ev_igi Iqvji jvMvbv jywKs Mvm 1 (GK) wU wjwe|
(Dci 19 I 20 bs wgK ewYZ AvjvgZ 2q Zjvq AewZ kL
Rvgvji K nBZ RKZ|)
21. 1 (GK) wU Wwms Uwej, hvnvi Mvm I KvV igvLv|
22. GKwU mwZ kv`v igvLv cwUKvU hvnv eMg gywRei eeZ
cwUKvU ewjqv GKB ew KZK kbvKZ|
23. GKwU igvLv eeZ Rvwqv hvnvi wcQb wbPi w`K wQ`|
24. 1 (GK) wU igvLv kv`v mvv Mw|
25. 2 (`yB) wU igvLv vBc eWwkU 5 nvZ 3 RG (1.2) nvZ Kwiqv|
26. 1 (GK) wU igvLv vBc eWwkU 5 nvZ 3 RG (3.4) nvZ|
27. GKwU igvLv PK MvgQv cyivZb 3 nvZ 1 RG (1.2)|
28. GKwU igvLv kv`v UUb Kvcoi evDR|
29. GKwU kv`v mjvqvi igvLv|
30. GKwU njy` iOi mwZ cwUKvU igvLv|
31. GKwU mvBW UwejK_ kv`v igvLv, hvnvZ 2wU wQ` we`gvb|
32. 15-08-75 ZvwiL kL gywReyi ingvbK nZvi ci gRi Wvwjg I
L`Kvi gvkZvKi fvlY Ges miKvi KweiDwbi K wewfb
NvlYv I wb`kvewji aviYKZ Uc GKwU| hvnvi Uc bs yj Ges
Kfvi bs 2067, m GKwU wKDwmU hvnv Avkivdzj KZK 28-08-75
ZvwiL ^vwiZ|
(Dciv AvjvgZmgni wgK bs 23 nBZ 32 ch wKDiUi
mq` wmwKzi ingvb KZK DcvcbgZ RKZ)|

165

330

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

33. 25-08-75, 3-10-75, 7-11-75 ZvwiL L`Kvi gvkZvK Avng`

KZK `kevmxi Dk c` fvlYi aviYKZ Uc, hvnvi Uc bs
yj Ges Kfvi bs-2203| m wKDwmU hvnv gvRvj nK KZK
26-12-75 ZvwiL ^vwiZ| Bnvi mwnZ A^vwiZ GKwU nvZi
jLv wKDwmU|
34. evsjv`k eZvi Uvwckb mvwfmi Uc jvBewii msiwZ fvlY
iwRvi hvnvZ ggZvR eMg jvBewiqvbi 25-5-77-Gi ^vwiZ
Abyvbvw` 6 bs cv nBZ i nBqvQ| 294 cvi GB iwRviwU
gv. iwdKzvgvb mnKvwi cwiPvjK (wgDwRK) KZK mZvwqZ|
35. ciiv gYvjq Awdmi bw_ bs R & T 5/28/89 Mr. Shariful Huq
hvnvi cv 1 nBZ 34 ch|
36. H gYvjqi bw_ bs R & T 5/36/89 OSR Md. Abdul Aziz Pasha
hvnvi cv 1 nBZ 16 ch|
37. H gYvjqi bw_ bs R & T 5/54/89 OSR Major Ahmed shariful
Hossain hvnvi cv 1 nBZ 16 ch|
38. H gYvjqi bw_ bs R & T 5/56/89 OSR Mr. Mohammad
Khairuzzaman hvnvi cv 1 nBZ 14 ch|
39. H gYvjqi bw_ bs R & T 5/45/89 OSR Mr. A. K. M. Mohiuddin
Ahmed hvnvi cv 1 nBZ 7 ch|
40. H gYvjqi bw_ bs R & T 5/47/89 OSR Mr. A. M. Rashed
Chowdhury hvnvi cv 1 nBZ 16 ch|
41. H gYvjqi bw_ bs TEstt. (1) 1/6/76 Absortion of Army officers
P-1 Section hvnvi ga cvZv bs 1 nBZ 140 ch Ges bvUvsk 3
cv nBZ 66 cv ch AvQ|
42. ciiv gYvjqi viK bs-GwW-wcGI 38 ZvwiL 06-11-96
gvZveK cv 29 AvM 1975 cKvwkZ dvi Bvb BKbwgK wiwfD
-Gi Kwc 28 cvZv|
43. 1976 mvj 30 g jb cKvwkZ The Sunday Times cwKv : 1 (GK)
Kwc 68 cvwewk, hvnvi 11 cvq I helped to kill Mujib, Dare you put
me on trial dviKi Qwemn Zvnvi `LZ Kiv weewZ AvQ|
44. Z_ Awa`dZii jvBewiZ iwZ 1975 mvji bf^i gvm
euvavBKZ evsjv`k miKvii Z_ weeiYx eB, hvnvZ 10815 nBZ
10920-G ZrKvjxb cwmWU Avey mv`vZ gvnv` mvqgi 6

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

331

bf^i 1975 RvwZi Dk fvlY AvQ|

45. 1976 mvj mvsevw`K Gwb gvmKvbnvm KZK gRi dviK I gRi
iwk`i MnxZ Uwjwfkb mvvrKvii aviYKZ wfwWI Uc 1Uv, hvnv
MvbvWv Uwjwfkb BUvibvkbvj BD K KZK Iqv Bb GvKkb bvg
cPvwiZ, wfwWI KvmUi Mvq BsiwRZ gRi dviK Ges gRi
iwk` jLv AvQ|
ivci AvBbRxex
1. GWfvKU wmivRyj nK
2. igRvb Avjx Lvb
3. gvkviid nvmb KvRj
4. mvnviv LvZzb
5. Avwbmyj nK
6. mq` iRvDi ingvb
7. AvjZvd nvmb
8. Kvgij Bmjvg
9. b~ij Bmjvg myRb
10. Rvnvxi nvmb mwjg
11. gvLjmyi ingvb ev`j
12. ggZvRDwb gn`x
13. Zwn`yj Bmjvg evnvi
14. bvRgv Avvi KvImvi
MdZviKZ Avmvwg`i AvBbRxex
1. GWfvKU Lvb mvBdzi ingvb ( j. Kbj dviK)
2. gwebyj nK (j. Kbj dviK)
3. Ave`yi iRvK Lvb (j. Kbj kvnwiqvi I Abvivwi Kv. Rvqvi`vi)
4. nvweeyi ingvb gj (j. Kbj kvnwiqvi I Abvivwi Kv. Rvqvi`vi)
5. Avbvqvi Rvwn` fyuBqv (j. Kbj kvnwiqvi I Abvivwi Kv. Rvqvi`vi)
6. wUGg AvKei (gRi gvnDwb)
7. Ave`yj KvBqyg Lvb (gRi gwnDwb )
8. kidzwb gyKzj (ZvniDwb VvKzi)

166

332

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

9. kvnxb Bmjvg mvey (Zvni Dwb VvKzi)|

cjvZK Avmvwg`i Rb iv-wbhy AvBbRxex
1. GWfvKU MvRx wRjyi ingvb (j. Kbj iwk`)
2. gvneyeyi ingvb (gRi `v)
3. ij Bmjvg Lvb (gRi bi)
4. Ave`yj Iqvn` (gRi Wvwjg)
5. Rwmg Dwb (gRi cvkv)
6. dwi` Dwb Avng` (gRi ivk`)
7. Kc` fwgK (gRi gwnDwb)
8. GBPGg bij nK (gvmjg)
9. cvYbv_ (gRi Avng` kwidzj)
10. GmGg iwdKzj Bmjvg (Kvb wKmgZ)
11. Ave`ym mvvi `yjvj (j. bvRgyj)
12. ejvqZ nvmb (Kvb gvR`)
13. gvRvj nK Paywi (`dv`vi gvidZ)
14. gvnv` nvwbd (GjwW nvkg)
wePviK KvRx Mvjvg imyj I wePvii AMMwZ
gywRe nZv gvgjvi ivq `evi gaw`qB XvKv Rjv I `vqiv RR KvRx Mvjvg
imyj Zuvi wePviK-Rxebi BwZ UbQb | GjwcAvi hvevi gv 15 w`b AvM
8 bf^i 1998 wZwb GB HwZnvwmK gvgjvi ivq NvlYv Kib| `xN wePviKRxebi cv, wbv I GKvMZvq wZwb G ivq Zwi Kib|
KvRx Mvjvg imyj 1914 mvji 31 wWm^i bvqvLvjx Rjvi eMgM
_vbvq RbMnY Kib| GjGjwe cvm Kivi ci 1970 mvji 8 g wZwb
mnKvwi RR (gyd) wnme PvKwiZ hvM `b| 1996 mvji 2 bf^i wZwb
XvKv Rjv I `vqiv RR wnme hvM`vb Kib|
1997 mvji 12 gvP wZwb G gvgjvi wePviKvR i Kib| wZwb Zuvi
mvwKU nvDm miKvwi evmfeb em gvgjvi ivq Zwi Kib | G w`bjvZ
Zuvi evmvq AvZxq^Rb, ezeve, cwiwPZRbi cek wbwl wQj| MvcbxqZv
iv_ ivq jLvi mgq wZwb GKKw`b GKKRb bvMvdviK WvKb|
mvx`i ee, miKvici hyw, Avmvwgci hyw, `yci AvBbi
idvi chvjvPbv cfwZ wZwb evmfeb emB jLb| ivqi mePq
iZc~Y Ask-wmv I Av`kbvgv Av`vjZ em jLb| gvgjv `vqii

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

333

ciw`b 3 Avei 1996 _K Z` i nq Ges 15 Rvbyqvwi 1997 XvKvi

wPd gUvcwjUb gvwRU (wmGgGg) Av`vjZ Gi PvRwkU `vwLj Kiv nq|
BZvc~e MdZviKZ Avmvwg`i 20 Rvbyqvwi I 20 deqvwi 1997 Av`vjZ
nvwRi Kiv nq| 1 gvP G nZv gvgjv wmGgGg Av`vjZ _K XvKv Rjv I
`vqiv RRi Av`vjZ ciY Kiv nq Ges 3 gvP bvwRgDwb ivW K`xq
KvivMvii cvk GKwU wekl Av`vjZ vcb Kiv nq| 12 gvP 1997
MdZviKZ 6 Rb Avmvwgi DcwwZZ Av`vjZ wePviKvR i nq|
6 RyjvB 1997 i nq gvgjvi mv MnY I Riv ce| gvU 72 Rb7
mvxi ga 61 RbK Av`vjZ Dcvcb Kiv nq| 13 Avei 1998 bvwb
mgv nq| RvgvqvZ I Bmjvgx HKRvU Ges weGbwc AvZ niZvj, wePviKi
wei Abvv vcb, Av`vjZi vb wbaviY Avcw, hvevq`v iwk`K Awfhy
Kivi wei `vqKZ wiwfkb gvgjv cfwZ nvBKvU _K wbw nIqv,
wePviKi AmyZv I Abvb KviY ekKqKevi wePviKvh wMZ nq hvq Ges
461 w`bi ga 149 Kvhw`b wePvi-Kvh AbywZ nq| 8 bf^i 1998 gvgjvi
ivq NvwlZ nq| 171 cvevcx ivq evsjv`k `wewai 302/34 I 120 K
avivi AwfhvM m`nvZxZfve cgvwYZ nIqvq 19 Rb Avmvwgi ga 15 RbK
cKvk dvqvwis vqvW gZz` I 4 RbK m`ni myweavq AwfhvMi `vq
_K AevnwZ `qv nq|
gvgjvi ivqi Pz^K-Ask

wePviKvhi BwZnvm GB RvZxq nZvi gvgjv weij nBjI bwRiwenxb bn|

GB nZvKvwU AZ iZc~Y HwZnvwmK NUbv mI wePviKvhi
Av`vjZi KvQ Abvb nZv gvgjvi bvq BnvI Kej GKwU nZvi gvgjv,
KviY- We have to dispense justice in accordance with law and not
according to our moral conviction with regard to the occurrence. The strict
requirement of law is that the onus lies on the prosecution to prove its case
beyond reasonable doubt.
When human life pends in the scales, caution becomes the primary duty
of any tribunal called upon to assess the evidence of the case, having
regard to this statutory rule of caution.

wePviKvhi GB AweiYxq bxwZ AbymiY KwiqvB Dfqci DcvwcZ

gwLK, `vwjwjK, Z_MZ, AevMZ mv I AvjvgZi wfwZ GB
gvgjvqI mywePvi wbwZ Kivi mvagZv cqvm bIqv nBqvQ|
7

gvgjvi Z`Kvix KgKZv GGmwc Ave`yj Kvn&nvi AvK`i gZ, Z`Kvj cvq mvo 4
kv ewK wRvmvev` Kiv nqQ Ges G`i ga _KB mvx evQvB Kiv nqQ|

167

334

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
GB gvgjvi NUbvewj nBZ `Lv hvq-1975 mbi 15 AvMi KqK gvm
c~e nBZ mbvevwnbxi wec_Mvgx I PvKwiPzZ wez wKQy jvK ivRbwZK
DPvwfjvlx wKQy ewi mnhvMx nBqv h_ I ew^v_ PwiZv_ Kivi
Dk ZrKvjxb ivcwZ eez kL gywReyi ingvbK nZv I Zvnvi
miKviK DrLvZ Kivi Pv I loh wj nq| AZtci kjvcivgk I
cwiKbvgZ mbvevwnbxi H mg jvK 1975 mvji 14 AvM w`evMZ
iv bvBU Uwbs/cviWi ARynvZ XvKv KvUbgU GjvKvi evjyiNvU
GKwZ nBqv mwbK`iK eez I Zvnvi miKvii wei wewds Kwiqv
UvsK, Kvgvb, A I Mvjv/wj jBqv eezi evmfebi Avkcvk I knii
wewfb RvqMvq/cqU mb gvZvqb KiZ 3 `j wef nBqv GK `j
Abygvb fvi 5Uvi mgq avbgwi 32bs ivW eezi 677bs evmfeb
mk AvgY PvjvBqv eez kL gywReyi ingvb, Zvnvi x dwRjvZzb bQv,
3 Qj kL Kvgvj, kL Rvgvj, kL ivmj, 2 cyeay myjZvbv Kvgvj,
ivRx Rvgvj, fvB kL bvmi, kvj evi cywjk mve-Bbi wQwKzi
ingvb, cUvj wWDwUi mwbK mvgQyj nK Ges ivcwZi wgwjUvwi mUvwi
Kbj Rvwgjmn gvU 11 RbK wj Kwiqv nZv Ki| ci gZ`njvi
AvBbvbyM eev MnY I agxq Abyvbvw` cvjb bv Kwiqv Kei Ki|
cwmwKDkb `ki myz I mvgvwRK kvw wbwZ Kivi Ges AvBb I
wePvieevK euvPvBqv ivLvi ^v_ GB wbzi nZvKvi mwnZ RwoZ `vlx
ew`i AvBbZ wePvi I Dchy kvw `vwe Ki|
cvi Avmvwg`i c nBZ `vwe Kiv nq h, GB gvgjvi nZvKvi
mwnZ Zvnviv KnB RwoZ wQj bv| Kvbv ZZxq c GB nZvKv NUvBqv
_vwKe| Aviv ejv nq h, mvgwiK AvBbi QQvqvq GB nZvKvwU msNwUZ
nBqvQ Ges D KviY mvsweavwbKfve GB gvgjvi wePvi PwjZ cvi bv|
cvq 21 ermi ci iRyKZ GRvnvii wfwZ cywjk GB gvgjvi NUbvwU
Z`c~eK dR`vwi Kvhwewai 173 aviv gvZveK eZgvb gZ L`Kvi
gvvK Avng`, gvneye Avjg Pvlx, Kvb gvdv I wimvj`vi mq`
mvivqvi nvmbmn DcwZ (1) j. Kbj mq` dviK ingvb, (2) j.
Kbj myjZvb kvnwiqvi iwk` Lvb, (3) j. Kbj gwnDwb (AvwUjvwi),
(4) Abvivwi Kvb Ave`yj Inve Rvqvi`vi, (5) ZvniDwb VvKzi
(cvb Z_ cwZgx) (6) Rvevq`v iwk` Ges (7) cjvZK j. Kbj
L`Kvi Ave`yi iwk`, (8) cjvZK gRi eRjyj `v, (9) cjvZK j.
Kbj G. GBP. Gg. we. bi Payix, (10) cjvZK j. Kbj kwidzj nK
Wvwjg, (11) cjvZK j. Kbj gv. AvwRR cvkv, (12) cjvZK j. Kbj
GgG ivk` Payix, (13) cjvZK gRi GKGg gwnDwb Avng`
(jvvi) (14) cjvZK wimvj`vi gvmjn Dwb Iid gvmjgDwb, (15)
cjvZK gRi Avng` kwidzj nvmb, (16) cjvZK Kvb gv. wKmgZ
nvkg, (17) cjvZK Kvb bvRgyj nvmb, (18) cjvZK Kvb Ave`yj

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

335

gvR`, (19) cjvZK `dv`vi gvidZ Avjx kvn I (20) cjvZK GjwW
Aveyj nvkg gavi wei `wewai 120we/302/34/149/324/307/
380/201 avivi Acivai AwfhvMc/ PvRwkU `vwLj KiZ RxweZ`i
wePvii Rb mvc` Ki|
Av`vjZ cwmwKDkbmn mKj Avmvwgci wevwiZ ee keY I gvgjvi
bw_fz KvMRc/Z_vewj chjvPbvc~eK MZ 7/4/97 ZvwiL dR`vwi
Kvh wewai 265 (N) aviv gvZveK RxweZ 20Rb Avmvwgi wei `wewai
120 we/302/34/201 avivi Acivai 3 `dv wewk AwfhvM/PvR MVb
Kwiqv, cwoqv bvBqv Avmvwg`i gZvgZ Pvwnj Zvnviv mKjB wb`vl
ewjqv wePvi Pvq| DjL h, ivi LiPvq wbhy we AvBbRxexMY cjvZK
Avmvwg`i c gvgjv cwiPvjbv Kib|
Avmvwg Rvevq`v iwk` wiwfkb gvgjvq gnvgvb nvBKvU wefvMi Av`k
AwfhvMi `vq nBZ AevwnZ jvf Ki|
AZtci GB gvgjvi Aewk 19 Rb Avmvwgi wei cwmwKDkbi c`
mv-cgvY MnYi ci dR`vwi Kvhwewai 342 aviv gvZveK Zvnv`i
wei cv mv-cgvY c_K c_K fve evLv Kwiqv AwfhvM/Aciva
mK cybivq gZvgZ Pvwnj GBeviI DcwZ Avmvwg (1) j. Kbj mq`
dviK ingvb (2) j. Kbj myjZvb kvnwiqvi iwk` Lvb (3) j. Kbj
gwnDwb (AvwUjvwi) (4) Abvivwi Kvb Ave`yj Inve Rvqvi`vi I (5)
Zvni Dwb VvKzi (cvb Z_ cwZgx) cZK wbRK wb`vl `vwe
Ki| wK Kvbv mvdvB mvx `q bv|...

wePvh welq
1. 1975 mbi 15 AvM Abygvb fvi 5Uvi mgq ZrKvjxb ivcwZ
eez kL gywReyi ingvb, Zvnvi cwievieM I Abvb`iK avbgwi
32bs ivW wbR 677 bs evmfeb wj Kwiqv nZv Kiv nq wKbv?
2. mbvevwnbxi wec_Mvgx I PvKwiPzZ wez wKQy jvK ivRbwZK
DPvwfjvlx wKQy ewi mwnZ Pv I loh Kwiqv h_ I
ew^v_ PwiZv_ Kivi Dk c~ecwiKbv gZ GB nZvKv NUvq
wKbv Ges AvmvwgMY GB loh I nZvKv RwoZ wQj wKbv?
3. mvgwiK AvBbi QQvqvq GB nZvKvwU msNwUZ nBqvQ wKbv ev D
KviY GB gvgjvwU PwjZ AvBbMZ Kvbv evav AvQ wKbv?
4. AvmvgxMY GB nZvKvi Aciva nBZ euvwPevi Rb gZz`nwji
AvBbvbyMZ eev MnY I agxq Abyvbvw` cvjb bv Kwiqv nZvi
mv/AvjvgZ web Kivi Dk ZwoNwo Kwiqv gZ`nwj
Kei/gvwU Pvcv `qv wKbv?

168

336

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

5. Kvbv ZZxq c GB nZvKv NUvq wKbv?

6. Av d g gwnZzj Bmjvg KZK GB gvgjvq iRyKZ GRvnviwU nZznxb
wej^ `vl `y wKbv ev GRvnviwU wePviKvh AvNvZ nvwbqvQ wKbv?
7. mbv AvBb GB gvgjvi wePvi A Av`vjZi GLwZqvi ewnfZ wKbv?
8. GB gvgjvi nZvKv Kvbv gvwUf wQj wKbv?

mv, AvjvPbv I wmv

1bs wePvh welq

XvKvi avbgw GKwU cyivZb AwfRvZ AvevwmK GjvKv| ZrKvjxb ivcwZ
eez kL gywReyi ingvb GB avbgwi 32bs ivW wbR 677 bs evwoZ
mcwievi emevm KwiZb| 3 Zjvq 2 igwewk evwowUK AvovB Zjv ejv
hvq| `wYw`K evwoi cavb MBU| evwowUi c~e-cwg I Di wfb wfb
jvKi AvevwmK evwo| `wY ivv| GB ivv Abygvb 200/250 MR
c~ew`K wMqv Di-`wY weZ wgicyi ivW Ges cwg AvevwmK GjvKvi
Ab ivvi mwnZ wgwjqvQ| ivvi 15/20dzU `wY eezi evwoi MvWkW| MvW-kWi `wY avbgw jK hvnv c~e wgicyi ivW ch weZ|
jKi c~e-`wYKvYvq Ljvi gvV/bvmvwi hvnv wgicyi ivWi jvM cwg
AewZ| eez Ges Zvnvi cwievieM evwoi `vZjvq I 3 Zjvi Ask
_vwKZb| wbPZjv wcG Kvg wimckb igmn Abvb KvR eeZ nBZ| GB
evwoZB eez I Zvnvi cwievieM Ges Abvb`i nZv Kiv nBqvQ ewjqv
cwmwKDkb `vwe Ki| 61 bs mvx Z`Kvix Awdmvi NUbvji gvbwP
GKwRweU-13 I mwPc GKwRweU-14 cgvY Kib|
gvgjvwU Z`Kvj Z`Kvix Awdmvi Ave`yj Kvnvi AvK` NUbv
mK wewfb kYxi gvU 450 RbK wRvmvev` Kwiqv AwfhvMc/ PvRwkU
72 Rb mvx gvwbqvQ| cwmwKDkb 61RbK Av`vjZ nvwRi Kivb|
cwmwKDkbi 1bs mvx GRvnviKvix Av. d. g. gywnZzj Bmjvg 2/10/96
ZvwiL Zvnvi iRyKZ GRvnvi GKwRweU-1 Ges BnvZ Zvnvi ^vi GKwRweU1/1 cgvY Kwiqv GRvnvii mwnZ mwZc~Y mv c`vb Kib| 56 bs mvx
cywjk Bci kwdDjvn 2-10-98 ZvwiL avbgw _vbvi fvicv KgKZv
wnmve Hw`b gywnZzj Bmjvgi wjwLZ GRvnvii wfwZ GRvnvi dig c~iY
Kwiqv avbgw _vbvi 10 (10) 96 b^i gvgjv iRy Kib| wZwb H GRvnvi dig
GKwRweU-8 Ges BnvZ Zvnvi ^vi GKwRweU-8/1 cgvY Kib|...
9 bs mvx j. Kbj nvwg` I 10 bs mvx gRi Rbvij Ave`yi ie

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

337

mevP KZciefebi wb`k eezi gZ`n ev` Zvnvi cwievieMi

gZ`n wbR evwo nBZ Ges miwbqvevZ I kL gwYi gZ`nmn Zvnv`i wbR
wbR evwoZ wbnZ`i gZ`n gM nBZ msMn Kwiqv gvU 18wU gZ`n 16
AvM fviejv ebvbx Mvivb `vdb Ki Ges 17 AvM mKvj 9/10 Uvi
mgq eezi gZ`n wbR evwo Uzwcvovq `vdb Kivi Rb nwjKvihvM
cvVvbv nq|
28, 30 I 54 bs mvxMYi fvlgZ vbxq KgKZv/jvKRb 17 ZvwiL
ejv 2.00 Uvi mgq eezi gZ`n nwjKvi Uzwcvov cuQvBj Zvnvi
wcZvgvZvi Keii cvk ZvnvK `vdb Kiv nq| `vdbi AvM MvQj I Kvdb
civbvi mgq eezi nvZ, cU, eyKmn kixii wewfb RvqMvq iv wji
wP `L|
ZvQvov NUbvi ci 7,8,9,10,21,22, I 24 bs mvxMY Kn wWDwUZ
_vKv Aevq, Kn EaZb KZi wb`k 15 AvM NUbvi evwoZ wMqv
eez I Zvnvi cwievieMi wjwe iv gZ`nwj cwoqv _vwKZ `Lb|
53 bs mvx mq` wmwKzi ingvb eZgvb eez hv`yNii wKDiUi
wnmve KgiZ AvQb| wZwb GB nZvKvi AvjvgZ wnmve igvLv I wji
wQ`hy RvgvKvco, Zvqvj, Uzwc-Rvgv, eBcyK, eyjU, wcjU, wji Lvmv,
fvOv KuvPi UzKiv, fvOv Mvmi UzKiv, fvOv KuvPi Pzwo, euvavbv Qwe BZvw`
AvjvgZ kbv Kib-hvnv gUvwiqvj GKwRweU I-XXXII wnmve wPwZ nq|
wZwb GB mg gUvwiqvj R Kiv msv RZvwjKv GKwRweU-6, BnvZ
Zvnvi Ges mvx`i ^vi h_vg GKwRweU-6/1,6/2,6/3 cgvY Kib|
cmZ DjL h, mcwievi eezK wbR evmfeb wj Kwiqv nZv
Kivi NUbvwU ZLb `kx-we`kx c-cwKvq cKvk Ges iwWI-Uwjwfkb
cPvi Kiv nqhvnv `k-we`k KvwU KvwU gvbyl GB NUbvi Lei cwKvq co
Ges iwWI-Uwjwfkb kvb| cieZxZ mKj miKvii Avgj ivxqfve GB
nZvi NUbv ^xKvi Kiv nq| Avmvwgc GB nZvi NUbvwU A^xKvi Ki bv|
myZivs eezmn Abvb gZ`nwji myiZnvj/gqbvZ` bv nBjI wKsev
Avmvwg gRi dviKi c we AvBbRxex Rbve Lvb mvBdzi ingvbi gZ
nZvKvixiv MvwoZ Avwmqv, cvq nuvwUqv, wj Kwiqv wnc-cvIqv cwRkb ev Ab
Kvbvfve Avwmqv nZvKvwU NUvbvi cgvY A `vwe KwijI Zvnv GB
Aevi Ges Dnv weePbvq bv Avwbqv wbtm`n wmv bqv hvq h,
1975 mbi 15 AvM Abygvb fvi 5.00 Uvi mgq eez, Zvnvi cwievi I
Ab`iK avbgwi 32bs ivW wbR evmfeb wj Kwiqv nZv Kiv nq| D
gg GB wePvh welqwU wbw nBj|
2 bs wePvh welq

169

338

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

DjwLZ 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29,
32, 34, 35, 39, 40 Ges 41 bs mvxMYi ee nBZ `Lv hvq 1975
mbi 14 AvM w`evMZ iv XvKvq AewZ mbvevwnbxi 2wU iwRgU
h_v1g ej jvvi I 2q wd AvwUjvwii bvBU Uwbs/cviW wQj| hw`I
GKvwaK iwRgU GK Uwbs/cviW ev jvBf GwgDwbkb jBqv Uwbs/
cviW Kivi wbqg wQj bv ZeyI Hw`b Bnvi ewZg NU|
ZLb 1g ej jvvii Kgvws Awdmvi j. Kbj gvwgbi QywURwbZ
KviY Uz AvBwm gRi dviK H iwRgUi fvicv Kgvws Awdmvi wQjb|
H iwRgU G,we,wm I nWKvqvUvi bvg 4wU vqvWb h_vg gRi
kwidzj nvmb, gRi Avey eKi, j. wKmgZ (fvicv) I gRi G. K. Gg.
gywnDwb vqvWb Kgvvi wQjb|
Aciw`K gRi L`Kvi Ave`yi iwk` 2-wd AvwUjvwii Kgvws Awdmvi
wQjb| GB iwRgUI cvcv, wKDeK, ivwgI I nWKvqvUvi bvg 4Uv
evUvwiZ h_vg gRi gwnDwb, Kvb Rvevqi wmwKx, j. jwbb
Kvgvj (fvicv) I Kvb gvdv evUvwi wQjb| H 2 iwRgUi Kgvws
Awdmvi gRi L`Kvi Ave`yi iwk` I gRi dviK cii Nwb Avxq A_vr
fvqiv wQjb| 2/1 Rb ev` AvmvwgMY I mvxMY H `yB iwRgUiB m`m
wQj|
Zvnv`i mv nBZ `Lv hvq - eez I Zvnvi miKviK DrLvZ Kivi
Rb gRi iwk`, gRi dviK I gRi Wvwjg Uwbs/cviW mwbK`iK
wewdO Kwiqv UvsK, Kvgvb, A I Mvjvevi` jBqv mwbK`iK wewfb `j
wef KiZ wewfb RvqMvq/cqU wWDwUZ gvZvqb Kwiqv GB NUbv Ki|
GB gvgjvi Pvzl mvxmn DcvwcZ mKj mv I Z_vewj chvjvPbvq
Bnv cgvwYZ nq h, eezi evwoZ msNwUZ nZvi NUbvq Avmvwg gRi `v,
gRi bi Payix, gRi GKGg gywnDwb, gRi AvwRR cvkv, gRi dviK,
gRi Wvwjgmn Abvbiv cZ Ges AcZfve RwoZ wQj| cvb Abyhvqx
`j `j wef nBqv cvq GKB mgq AvmvwgMY Abvb RvqMvqI nZvKv
NUvBqv iwWI mUvi I ci efeb NUbvi mg_b wewfb Kvhg AskMnY
Ki|
AvmvwgMY `j `j wef nBqv hLvb NUbvq AskMnY Ki mLvbi
mvx Zvnv`i wei mv c`vb Kwiqv Av`vjZ ZvnvK kbv Ki|
mvx`iK Avmvwgc wevwiZ Riv Ki, wK cavb welq A_vr nZvi
NUbvq Ges nZvKvix`i kbvKiY mK Zvnv`i ee Awgj `Lv hvq
bv| Zvnv`iK Awekvm KivI hvq bv| nZvi AvM eezi mwnZ nZvKvix`i
K_vcK_bi aib nBZ cZxqgvb nq h, Zvnviv eezi cwZ ej cqvM
KwiZ PvwnqvwQj, hvnv wQj Zvnvi aviYvi evBi Ges wj LvIqvi c~egynZ

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

339

ch wZwb wekvm KwiZ cvib bvB h, ZvnviB jvKiv ZvnvK Ggbfve

wj Kwiqv nZv Kwie|
DjL h, mvxMYi ee I Abvb Z_vewj nBZ `Lv hvqGB
nZvKv NUvbvi c~e mbvevwnbxi wec_Mvgx I PvKwiPzZ wez KwZcq m`m
wKQy ivRbwZK bZe`i mwnZ wekl Kwiqv L`Kvi gvvK Avng` Gi
mwnZ Pv I loh wj nq| GB Pv I loh djcm Kivi Rb
L`Kvi gvvKi Avxq gRi L`Kvi Ave`yi iwk` gyL fwgKv cvjb
Kib| GB KvR Zvnvi mwnZ gRi dviK, gRi kvnwiqvi, gRi AvwRR
cvkv, gRi `vmn Abvbiv Kzwgjv evW, Zvnvi Mvgi evwo, `vD`Kvw` gv`vmv
cvY, MvRxcyii kvjbv nvBzj, XvKvi evmvq/Awdm BZvw`Z wgwUs Kwiqv
mKj Avmvwg GKB Awfcvq mZ nBqv cwiKbv MnY Ki| D cwiKbv
1975 mbi 15 AvM Abygvb fvi 5Uvq GB NUbv viv KvhKi Ki| NUbvi
ci Zvnv`i AvPiY/KvhKjvc vivI Zvnv`i loh I cwiKbv cgvwYZ nq|
wbi Z_wjI Zvnv`i wei lohgjK nZvi AwfhvM mg_b Ki|
1. AvmvwgMYi AbK NUbvi ci nBZ ek wKQyw`b mcwievi efeb
_vK| Bnv Zvnv`i NUbvi mwnZ RwoZ _vKvi c ek Rvivj mg_b c`vb
Ki|
2. ^xKZ gZ we`k evsjv`k wgkb AvmvwgMYi PvKwi c`vb I NUbvi
mwnZ Zvnv`i mswkZv cgvY Ki|
3. Zgwb PvKwiPzZ KwZcq mbv-KgKZvi NUbvi mgq nBZ KZci
webv Av`k PvKwiZ cybivq hvM`vb gvgjvi NUbvq Zvnv`i weRob mg_b
Ki|
4. Avmvwg j. Kbj mq` dviK ingvb, j. Kbj myjZvb kvnwiqvi
iwk` Lvb, j. Kbj gwnDwb I ZvniDwb VvKzi KZK c` Kvh wewai 164
avivgZ Reveew` hvnvZ NUbvi gj welq A_vr lohgjK nZvi mwnZ
gwLK mvx`i mvi I c` Z_vewji wgj _vKv (NUbvq Zvnv`i RwoZ
_vKv mg_b Ki)|
5. mvbW UvBgm& cwKvi 30/5/76 ZvwiLi welqe I Avmvwg gRi
iwk` Ges gRi dviKi GKB welq mvvrKvi msv wfwWI KvmU
GKwRweU XXXII Ges XXXIII hvnv Zvnv`iK Av^xKZ nZvKvwi ewjqv
wPwZ Ki|
6. cwikl GB gvgjvq cv wewfb ^xKvivw I mvcgvY Bnv cwZwZ
nq h, KwZcq mbv-KgKZv I wUKqK ivRbxwZwe` ewMZ Avvk I
vf Ges gZvwjvi gvn NUbvi wKQyw`b c~e nBZB eezK mcwievi

170

340

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

nZvi loh Ki| GB lohKvixiv ^fveZB wbR`iK GB evcvi

AvBbi AvIZvgy ivLvi Pv Ki c_g mvgwiK AvBb NvlYvi gvag Ges
ci hLb eywSZ cvi h D NvlYvq mB Dk cwivifve mvwaZ nq bvB
ZLb Indemnity Ordinance -Gi gvag Zvnv Kivq mP nq| GB Aav`ki
fvlvq : ... no proceeding shall lie ... against any person ... in respect of act
matter or thing done or step taken by such person in connection with, or in
perparation or execution of any plan for, or as necessay step towards, the
change of Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh and the
Proclamation of Martial law on the morning of the 15h August, 1975.
BnvZ h Plan ev conspiracy Z_v lohi `vq nBZ wbR`i gy

ivLvi RbB D Aav`k Rvwi Kiv nq| wK evsjv`ki DPZg Av`vjZ

nBZ D Aav`kK AmvsweavwbK I evwZj NvlYvq lohKvix`i
kvwgy _vKvi kl PvI e_Zvq chewmZ nq|
cmZ DjL h, Bnv eezi evwoZ msNwUZ nZvi gvgjv| GKwU welq
DjL _vKv cqvRb h, GB gvgjvi nZvKv msNwUZ nBevi mgq hvnviv D
evwoZ ev NUbvj DcwZ wQj bv Zvnv`i wei ` wewai 34 aviv chvR
nBe wK bv?
GB cki Di ejv hvq h, mvcgvY `Lv hvq, GKB Awfcvq
AvmvwgMY GB nZvKv NUvbvi Dk mZ nBqv cwiKbvgZ Dnv KvhKi
KwiqvQ| GKB Awfcvq cvb Abyhvqx mKj Avmvwgi Awfcvq PwiZv_ nIqvZ
mKji ` wewai 34 aviv cqvM AvBbMZ evav bvB| Ni Aciva NwUj,
m evwni wQj, mvaviY Awfcvq cgvwYZ nBj Zvnvi wei 34 aviv chvR|
Dciv mKj gwLK, `vwjwjK Z_vewj I cvwicvwkKZvq Bnv
fve/m`nvZxZfve cgvwYZ nq h (1) Avmvwg j. Kbj mq` dviK
ingvb, (2) j. Kbj myjZvb kvnwiqvi iwk` Lvb, (3) j. Kbj gwnDwb
Avng` (AvwUjvwi), (4) cjvZK Avmvwg j. Kbj Ave`yi iwk` (5) cjvZK
gRi eRjyj `v (6) cjvZK j. Kbj kwidzj nK Wvwjg, (7) gRi kwidzj
nvmb Iid kidzj nvmb, (8) j. Kbj Gg G ivk` Payix, (9) j.
Kbj gwnDwb Avng` (jvvi), (10) j. Kbj GGBPGgwe bi Payix,
(11) j. Kbj Ave`yj AvwRR cvkv, (12) Kvb gv. wKmgZ nvkg, (13)
Kvb bvRgyj nvmb Avbmvi, (14) Kvb Ave`yj gvR`, (15) wimvj`vi
gvmjgDwb Iid gvmjnDwb-Gi wei `wewai 302/34 avivi
AwfhvM cgvwYZ nq| NUbvi ci mbvevwnbxi PvKwiPzZ KgKZvMY PvKwiZ
cybivq hvM`vb Kib Ges gRi dviK I gRi iwk` A^xKwZ vcb Kivq
Abvb Avmvwg`iK e`wkK KUbwZK wgkb PvKwi c`vbi myweav `qv nq|

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

341

NUbvi ci mvsweavwbK ixwZ Abymvi DcivcwZ mq` bRij Bmjvg

ivcwZi AbycwwZZ ivcwZi `vwqZ cvjb Kivi K_v| wK GB NUbvi
ci m RvZxq Kvbv c`c bqvi Z_ `Lv hvq bv| G `Lv hvq h,
15 AvM mKvjB gZv MnYi c~eB ZrKvjxb evwYRgx gvvK Avng`
wbRK ivcwZ NvlYv Kwiqv fvlY `b| GB NUbvi ci Aviv wKQy jvKmn
wZwb ek myweav jvf KwiqvQb|
hvnv nDK, Dciv mKj mvcgvY chvjvPbvq 15/8/75 ZvwiL eez
nZvi lohi Avmvwg ZvniDwb VvKzii wj _vKv mK cgvY ev
mwZ bvB| wK NUbvi ciciB iwWI kb Mgbmn gZvmxb`i mv_
Zuvnvi RwoZ _vKvi cgvY cvIqv hvq| GLb ck nBj, GB weRobi KviY
ZuvnvK loh wj ejv hvq wKbv? GLvb GKwU welq AZ iZc~Y Ges
Zvnv GB h, Awemsevw`Z bZv eezi wbnZ nIqvi c~e I ci bZvi
AbymvixMYi eenvi AbK cv_K| Bnv wKQyUv evaMg Avgv`i `ki
bZvwfwK ivRbwZK BwZnvmi cwZ, hgb bZv AvQb Zv me AvQ,
bZv bvB Zv KD bvB| Rbve VvKzii gZv eezi Abvb ivRbwZK
NwbRbivI ci gvvK gwmfvq hvM`vb Kib| GgZvevq, dR`vwi
wePviKvhi cwZwZ bxwZi AvjvK Rbve ZvniDwb VvKzii loh weRob
m`nvZxZfve cgvwYZ nBqvQ wKbv `Lv cqvRb| GB cki Di ejv hvq
h, cv mvcgvYmn ZvniDwb VvKzii wbRi I Abvb mnhvMx
AvmvwgMYi `vl ^xKvivwgjK Revbew`Z loh Zvnvi weRob mK
Kvbv ^xKwZ bvB| A_P lohi AwfhvM cgvY KwiZ nBj lohi
cwqvi mv_ Awfhy ewi mwZ I mswkZv m`nvZxZfve cgvY
cqvRb| GB Avmvwg VvKzii `vl ev wb`vl mK Av`vjZi wav-
iwnqvQ Ges GB wav- `ixKiY h_ mvcgvY bvB| myZivs, ZvnvK
benefit of doubt -m`ni myweav `Iqv wmv nBj|
Avmvwg Abvivwi Kvb Ave`yj Inve Rvqvi`vi, `dv`vi gvidZ Avjx I
GjwW Aveyj nvkg gavi wei cv mvcgvYwj cii mg_b Ki bv Ges
Abvivwi Kvb Rvqvi`vi KZK NUbvi evwo nBZ wj bqvi AwfhvMwUZ
m`n _vKvi dj Acivci mvwjZ cii mwZc~Y mv bv-_vKvq
Zvnv`iK benefit of doubt -m`ni myweav `qv nBj|
3 bs wePvh welq
GB wePvh welqwUi Ici wmv MnYi AvM wbwjwLZ Kmwj chvjvPbv
Kiv nq|

171

342

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

State Vs. Dosso, 11 D.L.R. (SC) Page-1

Asma Jillani Vs. Govt. of Punjab, P.I. D. 1972, (SC) Page-139.
Halima Khatun Vs. Bangladesh, 30 D. L. R. (SC), Page-207.
Sultan Ahmed Vs. Chief Election Commissioner, 30 D. L. R. (SC)
Page-291.
Haji Joynal Abedin, 32 D. L. R. (AD), Page-110.
Jamil Haque Vs. Bangladesh, 34 D. L. R. (AD), Page -125.
Ehtasamuddin's Case, 33 D. L. R. (AD).
Nasiruddin Vs. Bangladesh, 32 D. L. R. (AD), Page-216.
8th Amendment Case 4 D. L. R. (AD), Page-165.

Avmvwgci we AvBbRxexMY wekl Kwiqv Avmvwg gRi dviKi we

AvBbRxex Rbve Lvb mvBdzi ingvb ejb, msweavbi 4_ ZcwQji 3 (K) Ges
18 `dvi weavb ej 20 AvM ivcwZ L`Kvi gvvK Avng` ^vwiZ I
RvwiKZ digvbwU wbcvZb wm GKwU AvBb| D digvb ejv nq : And
whereas I placed, on the morning of the 15th August, 1975, the whole of
Bangladesh under martial law by a dcelaration broadcast from all stations
of radio.

wZwb 26, 27, 30, 35, 40 bs mvxi eivZ w`qv ejb, Hw`b fvi nBZ
digvb Afz NvlYv viv mgM evsjv`kK mvgiwK kvmbi Aaxb b
Kiv nq| D digvbi wewaZAny declaration made by or under this
proclamation or mentioned in this proclamation to have been made of
anything done or any action taken by or under this proclamation or
mentioned in this proclamation to have been done or takenAfz

AvQ| GB digvb AbymiY ivcwZ wePvicwZ GGmGg mvqg KZK 1975

mbi 8 bf^i RvwiKZ digvb ejv nq : Whereas the whole of
Bangladesh has been under Martial Law since the 15th August, 1975. And
whereas I deem it necessary to keep in force the Martial Law proclaimed on
the 15th August, 1975 -GB digvbwUI 1975 mbi 20 AvM-Gi Askwekl

Ges AvBb wnme mgghv`vmb|

we AvBbRxex 1, 4, 5, 6, 18, 19, 22, 24, 26, 29, 39, 40, 47,
49, 50 BZvw` mvxMYi ee DjL Kwiqv AvwgZ gwLK Av`k Legal
and Valid' Av`k I GB gvgjvi welqe A_vr mcwievi eezK nZvi
NUbvwU mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi nIqvi ci mvgwiK AvBbi QQvqvq msNwUZ
nBqvQ ewjqv mvsweavwbKfve GB gvgjv PwjZ cvi bv ewjqv `vwe Kib|

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

343

cvi cwmwKDkb KZK DcvwcZ mvcgvY wekl Kwiqv iwWI

mUvi DcwZ 37 I 38 bs mvxMYi ee nBZ Bnv h, eezK
nZvi ci 1975 mbi 15 AvM mKvj 8Uvq ev Dnvi AvM/ci hLbB
hvnvi gyL ev KZZ mvgwiK AvBb Rvwii welq NvwlZ nq Zvnv eezK nZv
Kivi ciB nq| eZ mvcgvY cgvwYZ nq h, Abygvb fvi 5Uvi mgqB
eezK mcwievi nZv Kiv nq|
cmZ DjL h, 49 bs mvx bcavb GgGBP Lvb, 47 bs mvx
wewWAvi cavb gRi Rbvij Lwjjyi ingvb, 44 bs mvx 46-weMW Kgvvi
Kbj kvdvqZ Rvwgj, 9 bs mvx j. Kbj nvwg`, 10 bs mvx gRi
Rbvij Ave`yi ie, 41 bs mvx weMwWqvi kvnRvnvb, 42 bs mvx
wWwRGdAvB-Gi Awdmvi gRi wRqvDwb cgyL mkevwnbxi mvx`i ee
chvjvPbvq ev iKWfz Ab Kvbv mvx/Z_ cgvY viv Bnv cgvwYZ nq bv
h, NUbvi ZvwiL gv wKQy Rywbqi Avwg Awdmvi I Zvnv`i Aaxb
iwRgUi wKQy wKQy m`m ev` Ab Kvbv iwRgUi Awdmvi/mwbK GB
nZvKvi mwnZ RwoZ wQj ; eis `Lv hvq h, gRi Rbvij kwdDjvnK
mbvcavbi c` nBZ mivBqv `Iqv nq Ges wegvbcavb G. K. L`Kvi
PvKwi nBZ Bdv `b| Avmvwgci we AvBbRxexMYi gZ, mvgwiK
AvBbi QQvqvq eezK I Zuvnvi miKviK DrLvZ Kiv nBj mkevwnbxi
DjwLZ wmwbqi AwdmviMY AekB AewnZ _vwKZb| wK NUbvq Zvnv`i
fwgKv/AvPiY BZvw` ` Zvnviv mvgwiK AvBbRvwi mK Av` wKQy Rvbb
bv ewjqv gb nq|
wb DjwLZ digvbwU mK DP Av`vjZi wKQy AvjvPbv I wmv
DZ nBj :
In the preamble of the Proclamation of 20th August, 1975, there
was no mention of the fact that the president of the country was
killed which necessitated the proclaimer accused Kh. Mostaque
Ahmed to take over as President. In the same proclamation clause
(e) it is said that the Constitution of the People's Republic of
Bangladesh shall, subject to this proclamation and the Martial Law
Regulation and orders made by accused Kh. Mostaque in
pursunace thereof, continue to remain in forces.
By this clause (e) Proclamation itself kept alive the constitution of
the People's Republic of Bangladesh in places where it does not
came in conflict with the Proclamation of 20th August, 1975. The
effect of this Proclamation of 20th August, 1975, therefore, is that
the fundamental rights given by the Constitution (Part-III of the

172

344

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ
Constitution) remained inforce even though the country was placed
under Martial Law.
Assuming that the Martial law Proclamation and orders passed
thereunder superseded and disrupted the constitutional process, the
constitutional provisions which were not expressly annulled or
taken away by the Proclamation or any order under it will,
therefore, remain in force for all practical purposes.
The Proclamation of 20th August, 1975 has no where stated that
the Constitution is abrogated rather it was provided that "the
Constitution of Bangladesh shall subject to Proclamation of
Martial law Regulation and orders made under the Martial Law
shall continue to remanin in force.
The Martial Law became supreme law of the land and though the
Constitution has not been abrogated, it has been made subordinate
to Martial law, but the Constitution will continue in force subject
to Martial Law, that is to say, it will have effect so long it does not
come in conflict with Martial Law.
The Proclamation of 1975 did not make any regulation or rules
which came in conflict with Article 31 (right to protection of law)
and Article 32 (Protection of right to life and personal liberty) of
the Constitution. As such these constitutional provision were alive
before and from the time the proclamation was made.
From the above observations of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh
(Appellate Division) it can be safely argued that at no stage did the
Proclamation or Proclamations give or empower any person the
right to take away the life of any person or give power to deprive
anybody of the right to enjoy protecton of law. So, the killing of
Banga Bandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and his family members
(subject-matter of this case) was not authorised or protected by the
Proclamation itself. Article 31 and 32 or the Constitution remained
intact even though the Martial Law was in force. Article 31 reads
as follwos :
To enjoy the protection of the law, and to be treated in accordance
with law, and only in accordance with law, is the inalienable right
of every citizen, whoever he may be, and of every other persons
for the time being within Bangladesh, and in particular no action
detrimental to the life, liberty, body, reputation or property of any
person shall be taken except in accordance with law.
From this, it follows till the time of his killing Banglabandhu

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

345

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and his family members were citizens of

Bangladesh and entitled to enjoy the benefit of Article 31 and 32.

cZxqgvb nq h, D digvb Rvwii ciI hLb eez nZKvix`i

Acivai `vq nBZ mvsweavwbKfve wbwZfve iv Kiv hvBZQ bv, ZLb
Dnvi GK gvmiI AwaKKvj ci A_vr 26/9/75 ZvwiL Indemnity Ordinance
Rvwi Kiv nq hvnvi 2 aviv wbic :
(2) For the purpose of this section, a certificate by Persident, or a
person authorised by him in this behalf, that any act, matter of thing
was done or step taken by any person mentioned in the certificate in
connection with, or in perparation or execution of any plan for, or as
necessary step towards, the change of Government of the People's
Republic of Bangladesh and the Proclamation of Martial Law on the
morning of the 15th August, 1975 shall be sufficient evidence of such
act, matter of thing having been done or step having been taken in
connection with, or in preparation or execution of any plan for, or as
necessary steps towards, the change of such Government and the
Proclamation of Martial Law on that morning.

GB 2 avivq c` myweav cvIqvi Rb Kvbv Avmvwg ivcwZ wKsev Zvnvi

gbvbxZ cwZwbwa nBZ nZvKvi `vq nBZ wbRK euvPvbvi Rb Kvbv
mvwUwdKU `vwLj Ki bvB| myZivs GB AwWbvi KviYI Kvbv Avmvwgi
wei gvgjvwU PwjZ evav bB| `Lv hvq h, Bnvi ci 1996 mbi 21 bs
AvBb viv Indemnity Ordinance, 1975 iwnZ Kiv nq hvnv wbic :
1. The Indemity Ordinance, 1975 (L of 1975 hvnv XIX of 1975 b^i
gyw`Z), AZtci D AwWbv ewjqv DjwLZ GZviv iwnZ Kiv nBj|
2. GB AvBb ejer nBevi c~e Kvbv mgq D AwWbv-Gi AwaKZ
Kvbv Kvh, MnxZ Kvbv eev, c` Kvbv mvwUwdKU ev Av`k-wb`k
A_ev AwRZ Kvbv AwaKvi ev myhvMmyweav, A_ev miKvi ev Kvbv KZci
Rb m Kvbv `vq`vwqZ hw` _vK, Gi General Clauses Act, 1887 (X of
1987)-Gi Section-6 Gi weavbvewj chvR nBe bv Ges Dic KZKvh,
MnxZ eev, c` mvwUwdKU ev Av`k-wb`k ev AwRZ AwaKvi ev
myhvMmyweav ev m `vq`vwqZ Dcaviv (1) viv D AwWbv iwnZKiYi m
m GBic AKvhKi evwZj I wejy nBqv hvBe hb D AwWbv Rvwi Kiv
nq bvB Ges D AwWbv-Gi Kvbv AwZ wQj bv I bvB|
GB iwnZKiYi wei j. Kbj kvnwiqvi iwk` Lvb I j. Kbj
dviK ingvbi c gnvgvb nvBKvU 5321 I 5313 bs wiU wcwUkb `vqi

173

346

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

Kiv nq| gnvgvb nvBKvU D wiU wcwUkbq Abvb Av`kmn wbwjwLZ

Av`k viv wbw Kib hvnv wbic :
(1) .............
(2) .............
(3) It is held that the Indemnity ordinance, 1975 (Ordinance no. 50 of
1975) is void since it is repugnant to the Constitution.
(4) It is held that since the Indemnity ordinance 50 of 1975 is ultravires the Constitution and Indemnity (Repeal) Act no. 21 of 1996
does not offend and infringe any provision of the Constiution, the
prayer for declaring the institution of Dhanmondi P.S. Case No.
10 (10) 96 and Lalbagh P. S. Case No. 11 (11) 75 without lawful
authority and illegal are hereby refused.
(5) ..............

GB ivqi wei gnvgvb mywcgKvUi Avwcj wefvM Avwcj nBj Avwcj

wefvM D ivq envj ivLb| myZivs Dciv AvjvPbvi ggvbymvi AvjvP
welq Avmvwgci `vwe bvKP Kiv nBj Ges gvgjvwU me Aevq PwjZ cvi
ewjqv wmv nBj|
4 bs wePvh welq
cv mvcgvY I ^xKZgZ 1975 mbi 15 AvM Abygvb fvi 5Uvi mgq
eez Zvnvi cwievieM I Avxq^RbK wj Kwiqv nZv Kiv nq|
4 bs mvx nvwej`vi Kzym ejb, 15 AvM w`evMZ iv gRi `v
ZvnvK gvnv`cyi kikvn ivW GKwU KvVi AvoZ wbqv AvoZ`viK 10wU
KvVi ev evbvBqv evwj 32 bs ivW NUbvi evwoZ cuQvBqv w`evi
Av`k `q| mLvb nBZ gRi `v ZvnvK NUbvi evwoZ bvgvBqv w`qv
Pwjqv hvq| kl iv AvoZ`vi VjvMvwoZ Kwiqv 10wU ev wbqv Avwmj
jvkwj H ev ivL| dRii AvM gRi `v Avevi Avm| ZLb
mbvevwnbxi MvwoZ Kwiqv eezi jvk ev` evwK jvk wbqv hvq|
9 bs mvx j. Kbj nvwg` ejb h, 15 AvM w`evMZ iv 3Uvi mgq
efeb nBZ gRi GgG gwZb Uwjdvb ZvnvK Rvbvq h, mh DVvi AvM
eezi jvk ev` Abvb jvkwj ebvbx Mvivb `vdbi eev KwiZ nBe|
wb`k gvZveK dvb evUvwjqvb Kgvvi GgG ieK ZvovZvwo ebvbx
Mvivb jvk `vdbi Rb wb`k w`qv eezi evwoZ wKQy dvm cvVvBqv
wbRI eezi jvk ev` evwK jvkwj `vdb Kivi Rb ebvbxZ cvVvBqv `b|

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

347

wZwb ejb h, mevP KZci A_vr efebi wb`k gRi gwZ ZvnvK
jvk `vdbi wb`k `b| ci nwjKvi eezi jvk Uzwcvov cvVvbv nq|
30 bs mvx ejb h, Zvnviv Kwdbi Dcii Wvjv Lywjqv eid mivBqv
eezi jvk evwni Ki| eezi jvk eywSqv cvBqv Avwg`i `Iqv GKwU
cvW `vdb Kivi mvwUwdKU `q| mvwUwdKU wZwb Ges j-Bqvi gvwRU
Av. Kv`i ^vi Kib|
28 bs mvx Ave`yj nvB I Abvb vbxq eweM eezi jvk Mvmj
KivBqv Kvdb civBqv `vdb Kivi K_v ej| 10 bs mvx ej h, 9 bs mvx
Kbj nvwg`i Uwjdvb wb`k eez, miwbqvevZ I kL gwYi evwoi
Acivci gvU 18wU jvk ebvbxZ `vdb Ki| Zvnvi Dci Kej wb`k wQj
jvkwj ZvovZvwo `vdb Kiv| Zvnviv h-mg jvk `vdb Ki mBjv gb
nq h Kvco jvkjv Avbv nq mB KvcoB Kei Ki| ejv hvq jvkwj
gvwUPvcv `q|
cmZ DjL h, eezK nZv Kivi NUbvi mv_ mv_ iwWIZ
cybtcybt cPvi nq| 24 Nv ci jvkwj Kie Kiv nq| 10 bs mvx ejb,
jvkwjZ cPb awiqvwQj Ges GBwj Kei Kiv Riwi wQj| GgZvevq
jvkMywj Mvcb Kiv nq ejv hvq bv| efeb nBZ c` jvkwj `vdbi
wb`ki mv_ AvmvwgMY RwoZ wQj wKbv ev nZvi cieZx AvBbvbyM eev
mb bv Kwievi ev bv KwiZ w`evi evcvi Avmvwg`i wei cwmwKDkb
Kvbv mvcgvY w`Z cvi bvB| `vdbi I agxq Kvhmb bv Kivi ev
KwiZ bv `Iqvi evcvi Avmvwg`i Kvbv fwgKv wQj wKbv mB mK
mvcgvY bvB| DcwZ mvx`i ga KnB ej bvB h Avmvwgiv wbR`iK
euvPvbvi Rb jvk Kei ev Kei Kivi mnhvwMZv KwiqvwQj| jvkwji agxq
Abyvbvw` cvjbi ` wewai 201 avivi Acivai mswkZv `Lv hvq bv|
myZivs Avmvwg`i wei AvbxZ 201 avivi AwfhvM bvKP Kiv nBj|
5 bs wePvh welq
Avmvwgci we AvBbRxexMY wekl Kwiqv Avmvwg dviKi c we
AvBbRxex Lvb mvBdzi ingvb ejb h, GB gvgjvi NUbvi mwnZ AvmvwgMY
RwoZ bq-Kvbv ZZxq c Bnv NUvBqv _vwKe| Bnvi mg_b wZwb iKWKZ
mvcgvY nBZ wKQy Z_i DjL Kib| wK 2 bs wePvh welqi wmv
hnZz cv mvcgvYi wfwZ AvmvwgMY GB NUbvi mwnZ RwoZ wQjb
ewjqv m`nvZxZfve cgvwYZ nq mnZz D AvmvwgMY GB NUbvq RwoZ bv
_vKvi Kvbv ck DV bv Ges BnvZ Kvbv ZZxq c RwoZ wQj wKbv mB

174

348

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

welqwUi Dci Kvbv mvcgvY iKW Avm bvB| GgZvevq Avmvwgci

GB `vweI MnYhvM bn|
6 bs wePvh welq
dR`vwi gvgjvq KZw`bi ga GRvnvi iRy KwiZ nBe Dnvi euvavaiv
wbqg bvB wKsev mgq wbaviYx Kvbv AvBb bvB|
G wej^ GRvnvi `vqi nIqvi `ib cwmwKDkbi Kvbv jvf ev
Avmvwg`i Kvbv wZ nBqvQ ewjqv gb nq bv| hvnv nDK, GB gvgjvi
NUbvwU 1975 mbi 15 AvM Abygvb fvi 5Uvi mgq msNwUZ nq| 1 bs mvx
Av. d. g. gywnZzj Bmjvg ejb, wZwb NUbvi ci _vbvq GRvnvi w`Z Mj
ZvnvK ejv nq : ZzB wbR giwe, Avgv`iKI gviwe, GLb Pj hv, AbyKj
cwiwwZ Avwmj ZLb GRvnvi KwimGB ewjqv ZLb Zvnvi wbKU nBZ
GRvnvi bq bvB| mvcgvY `Lv hvq h. GB NUbvi ci hme miKvi
gZvq AvwmqvQ Zvnviv mKjB GB gvgjvi nZvKvix`iK `k-we`k
Avkq/ckq w`qv PwjqvQ| myZivs, NUbvi ci nBZ eZgvb miKvi gZvq
Avmvi c~ech Kvbv miKvii AvgjB GB gvgjvi GRvnvi iRy Kiv
wbivc` wQj bv ewjqv cwmwKDkb nBZ `vwe Kiv nq| DjL h, Bnv GKwU
AZ ewZgagx gvgjv| GB NUbvi cieZx miKvii mv_ eezi
nZvKvix`i mK, NUbvi cieZx cwiwwZmn mvweK Aev weePbv Kwiqv
wej^ GB gvgjvi GRvnvi iRy KivUv `vlYxq nq bvB| KviY kZvi
GRvnvi `vqii wej^ cvmwK| Zvnv Qvov NUbvi evwoZ eezi Kvbv
Avxq^RbK RxweZ ivL bvB| GRvnviKvix NUbvi Pvzl mvx| wZwb GRvnvi
iRy Kivi Dchy ew| wZwb wej^ GRvnvi iRy Kivi h evLv w`qvQb
Zvnv Av`vjZ mvlRbK ewjqv gb Ki|
GQvov 56 bs mvx avbgw _vbvi fvicv KgKZvi ee nBZ `Lv hvq
h, eZgvb GRvnvii c~e ZvB`Dwb Lvb I gv. gnmxbyj nK AviKwU
GRvnvi `vqi Ki, hvnv Z_wfwK wQj bv Ges Dnv MYnZvi welq wQj ewjqv
wmvi Rb DaZb KZci wbKU cvVvBqv `b| Zvnv GLb Kv_vq AvQ
ewjZ cvib bv|
bw_ cixvq `Lv hvq, cjvZK Avmvwg`iK nvwRi nIqvi wb`k NvlYv
w`qv cKvk Kiv nq| mswk Av`vjZ NvlYvwU h_vh_fve cKvwkZ nBqvQ gg
weewZ `b| BnvZ Kvh wewai 47 avivi kZ c~iY nBqvQ| myZivs we
Kkjx Rbve Lvb mvBdzi ingvbi GZ`msv Avcw bvKP Kiv nBj|
7 bs wePvh welq
GB gvgjvi Avmvwg`i ga wgwjUvwi AdbWvm _vKvi KviY 1958 mvji

gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

349

dR`vwi Kvh wewai (wgwjUvwi AdbWvm) 2 bs wewa gvZveK GB gvgjvi

wePvii Rb A Av`vjZ nBZ mbvcavbK MZ 27/3/97 ZvwiL bvwUk
c`vb Kiv nq| D bvwUki cwZ mbvcavb 2/4/97 ZvwiL A emvgwiK
Av`vjZ H mbv-m`m`i wePvii mbv AvBbi weavb Kvbv evav bvB
ewjqv Rvbvb| myZivs dR`vwi Kvhwewai 549 avivi AvbyvwbKZv cvjb Kwiqv
A Avjv`Z GB gvgjvi wePviKvh i Ki| BnvZ gvgjvwUi wePvi Kvbv
Awbqg nq bvB ewjqv Avmvwgci GZ`msv `vwe bvKP Kiv nBj|
8 bs wePvh welq
gvgjvi gvwUf cgvY KwiZ cwmwKDkb AvBbZ eva bn| ZeyI cv
mvxcgvY `Lv hvq GB NUbvi c~e Avmvwg gRi Wvwjg, gRi bi, gRi
ivk` Payix, gRi myjZvb kvnwiqvimn AbKi mbvevwnbx nBZ PvKwi
Pwjqv hvq| gRi dviK 2 ermi RZv cvq bv, jvvii Kgvws Awdmvi
nBZ ZvnvK Uz AvBwm wnme c`vebZ Kiv nq; gRi Wvwjgi xK K`
Kwiqv MvRx Mvjvg gvdvi Qji mwnZ AevwZ NUbvI mbvevwnbxi jvK
KZK Zvnv`i evwo ZQbQ Kiv; mbvevwnbxZ c`vbwZ, cvws, `jv`wjmn
AviI m KviY Amvl; A Dvii mgq AvIqvgx jxM bZvKgxi mwnZ
Mvjgvj, L`Kvi gvvKi gwZ hvevi K_vevZv, evKkvj MVb; Rjv Mfbi
wbqvM BZvw` KviY AvmvwgMY vf-`ytL h_ I ew^v_ PwiZv_ Kivi
Dk GKB Awfcvq cwiKbvgZ GB NUbv Kwiqv _vwKe|
AvmvgxMYi AvBbRxexMY `vwe Kib h, NUbvi mgqi mwVKZv bv_vKvq Ges mvx`i ee Awgjmn GB gvgjvq AbK `vlwU iwnqvQ hvnv
wePviKvh evnZ Ki| AvBbRxexMY AviI DjL Kib h, Accomplice `i
mv viv AvmvwgMYK `vlx mve Kiv hvq bv| DjL h, gvgjvi NUbvwU
msNwUZ nq 23 eQi c~e| GB mgq AbK cwieZb nBqvQ - AbK Avmvwg I
mvx gviv wMqvQ| mgqi GB `xN eeavbi KviY NUbvi wevwiZ eYbvq
wKQy Awgj _vwKZ cvi| ZeyI cv mvcgvY `Lv hvq h, NUbvi gj ev
cavb welq eo aibi Kvbv Awgj/Miwgj bvB| QvU aibi wKQy Miwgj
_vwKjI Zvnv wePviKvh cwZeKZv mw Ki bvB ewjqv Av`vjZ gb Ki|
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ivwLqv UKwbKvj cqU-Gi wfwZ Awfhy`i euvPvBevi h_ Pv Kib|
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177

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nqQ| GgbUv ejvi Kvbv AeKvk bB h, g~j msweavb ewYZ nvBKvU

wefvMi Kvbv wePviKK K_vwUi ci 1978 mvj GKRb GWnK wePviK
wnmve K_vwU Ryo w`q msLv-m^xq Kvbv wewawbla Avivc Kiv
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gywRe-nZvi gvgjv

357

gvgjv MnY KiZ A^xKvi KiZ cvib bv|13

G cm wRvwmZ nq gvgjvi AbZg Kumyjx Avwbmyj nK `ywU D`vniY

`b| Gikv`i A gvgjvq wePvicwZ bCgywb I kL nvwmbvi Av`vjZ
Aegvbbv gvgjvq wePvicwZ Avwgij Bmjvg weeZeva Kij ZrKvjxb cavb
wePvicwZ gvgjv `ywU mswk weeZ wePvicwZ`iKB bZ wb`k
w`qwQjb|14 jwZdzi ingvbI wjLQb :
... hLb eez nZv gvgjvi bvwb KiZ ewkifvM cexY wePviK weeZeva
Kijb, ZLb KvDwji gb nj, wePviKiv gvgjv bZ Abxnv `LvQb
I Zv`i `vwqZ GovQb| ... ZvQvov wePviK hLb Kvbv gvgjvi bvwb
KiZ Pvb bv, ZLb Zvi mwVK KviY cavb wePvicwZi Rvbv cqvRb ej
15
Avwg gb Kwi| wePviKi mrmvnm _vKv GKv cqvRb|

cavb wePvicwZ _vKvKvj wePvicwZ jwZdzi ingvb GUwb Rbvij

gvngy`yj Bmjvg I cavb Kumyjx wmivRyj nKi `iLvi cwZ
gZz`cv`i Rb `ywU KvU MVb Ki gywRe nZv gvgjvi wePvi mvgb
GwMq Gb Zv wbwi Rb wePvicwZ Gg. Gg. ij Avgxb I wePvicwZ
gvnv` gwZbi KvU ciY Kib| Zvici, Zuvi fvlvq :16
Avhi welq Hw`b ejv 3Uvq mgq H gvgjvi bw_ Avgvi KvQ diZ
Avm| bw_i AWvi eBq jLv wQj h, `yRb wePviKB weeZeva KiQb|
mvaviY wbqg gvgjv Av`vjZ ZvwjKvfz bv nj Kvbv wePviK weeZeva
KiZ cvib bv| Avgvi RvbvgZ mywcgKvUi Ggb Kvbv c~e-bwRi bB
hLvb gvgjv ZvwjKvfz nevi AvMB wePviKiv weeZeva KiQb| Avgvi
gb nj `yRb wePviK nqZv gvgjvwU cwiPvjbv KiZ mvnm cvQb bv|

Zvici cavb wePvicwZ `yRb RZg wePvicwZK (K Gg nvmvb I gv.

Mvjvg ivevbx) gwLKfve gvgjvwUi bvwb MnY Kivi Abyiva Kij Zuviv
KDB ivwR nbwb| Zuviv Kb AivwR ev weeZ njb, bwRi _vKvi ciI Kb
weeZ wePviK`i gvgjv wU bZ eva Kiv njbv, Zv Rvbv mwZB weeZKi|
AZtci Zuvi wePviKi msLv evovbvi cPvI miKvwi gnji ivRbwZK
wePvi-weePbv cvavb cvIqvq djeZx nqwb| mywcgKvU mK AmZK
ge, jvwV wgwQj, RZv jNb Ki AvwcjwefvM wePvicwZ wbqvM, kL
13

wePvicwZ jwZdzi ingvb, ZveavqK miKvii w`bwj I Avgvi K_v, cKvkK Avqkv
ingvb, XvKv, 2002, cv 53
14
GweGg g~mv, wePvii RwUj AveZ eez nZv gvgjv (wbe)
15
wePvi jwZdzi ingvb, ZveavqK miKvii w`bwj I Avgvi K_v, c~ev cv 53-54
16
wePvi jwZdzi ingvb, ZveavqK miKvii w`bwj I Avgvi K_v, c~ev cv 66-67

179

358

evsjv`ki ivRbxwZ

nvwmbvi miKvii Avgji Gme KvRI G weic cwZwqv mw Ki| hv

nvK, Aekl wePvicwZ ij Avwgb I wePvicwZ GweGg Lvqij nKi KU
Gi bvbx nq wef ivq nq| GLb G gvgjvi Pov wbw Ke ne-Zv KD
ejZ cvi bv|
DjL, c_g Avjvi cwZe`K knx`yvgvbi AvkvK mZ cwiYZ
Ki 16 RyjvB 2001 _K Szj _vKv gvgjvi W_ idvi 2003 mvji
bf^i cvi nIqvi ciI SzjB AvQ| BZvga bvwbi hvM cavb wePvicwZ
gvBbyi iRv Payix I wePvicwZ gv. dRjyj nK Ges wePvicwZ gvnv`
Mvjvg ivevbx ( Lybx eRjyj `vi Kumyjx KZK Abvv vwcZ) Aemi MnY
KiQb Ges Zv`i kbc` wePvicwZ Gg. Gg. ij Avwgb, wePvicwZ gv.
nvwg`yj nK I wePvicwZ gv. Zvdvj Bmjvg hvM`vb KiQb| wK
wePvicwZ Gg Gg ij Avwgb c~eB weeZ nIqvq GLbI bvwbi hvM
wePviKi msLv mB `yB Rb| Ze 20 wWm^i 2003 I 27 Rvbyqvwi 2004
h_vg wePvicwZ gv. nvwg`yj nK I cavb wePvicwZ K Gg nvmvb Aemi
MnY Kij Zuv`i k~bc` bZzb k~bvbxi hvM wePviK wbhy nj Ges Zuviv
weeZ ivM Avv bv nj 27 Rvbyqvwi 2004-Gi ci h Kvb mgq gvgjvi
Kvhg c~b: i nZ cvi|
wej^ NUvbv wePvi A^xKvi Kivi bvgvi njI, bv nIqvi Pq wej^
nIqvI fvj| hZ wej^B nvK, mZ cwZwZ neB|