Review of ITE Recommended Parctice

REVIEW OF
ITE RECOMMENDED PRACTICES
Prepared for
Institute of Transportation Engineers
By
Texas A&M Research Foundation
Texas Transportation Institute
College Station, Texas
February 17, 2003
Table of Contents
Purpose........................................................................................................................................... 3
Scope of Work................................................................................................................................ 4
Literature Review.......................................................................................................................... 5
User Survey Results .................................................................................................................... 18
Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 21
Recommendations ....................................................................................................................... 21
APPENDIX ASurvey Results................................................................................................. 25
APPENDIX BCross-Tabulation of Survey Results.............................................................. 40
Review of ITE RPs
12/12/03
Purpose
For decades the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) has published Recommended
Practice reports (RPs) providing guidance to transportation planning and engineering
professionals in selected areas of practice. In most cases, volunteer committees have developed
the RPs, which have gone through extensive review processes in accordance with ITE
procedures. According to ITE Coordinating Council procedures, existing RPs are to be reviewed
at least every five years for relevance and currency, after which they are retained as is, updated,
and/or expanded, replaced, or withdrawn. Committees also occasionally develop new RPs on
new subjects as needs are identified.
Most existing ITE RPs were developed or last updated during the 1980s and early 1990s. The
leadership of the ITE Coordinating Council recently determined that a comprehensive review of
all RPs was needed. The Coordinating Council appointed a Recommended Practice Task Force
to review a number of issues related to RPs. From the recommendations presented by the ITE
Recommended Practice Task Force in November 2002, ITE decided to undertake a
comprehensive approach to developing and maintaining a set of RPs. The first step was to
complete a comprehensive assessment of the existing RPs.
This report summarizes the findings of a comprehensive review of existing ITE RPs. The
purpose of this project was to review all the existing RPs and a few selected published proposed
RPs. The project team evaluated individual RPs and identified an appropriate action(s) for each
RP.
Each RP is intended to reflect a need for and recommendations consistent with the following:
There is widespread need for each specific RP.

There is risk of inconsistent application of practices without an RP.
There is consensus on a best recommended practice.
ITE is the most appropriate organization to develop and maintain a specific RP.
ITE has the resources available to develop, update, and/or maintain the RP.
If the findings of the above questions are affirmative, then ITE should periodically review an
existing RP for content. Conclusions should be drawn whether each RP is:
adequate and should be retained as is,

needs to be updated to current practice,
should be replaced by another document (published by ITE or another organization), or
should be withdrawn.
The current ITE RPs cover a broad scope of topics ranging from street design to traffic
operations to transportation planning. This project assessed 21 RPs and two published proposed
RPs:
1. Airport Roadway Guide Signs (1991);
2. Design and Safety of Pedestrian Facilities (1995);
Review of ITE RPs
12/12/03
3. Freeway Entrance Ramp Displays (1976);

4. Guidelines for Determining Where the 55-mph Speed Limit Could Be Raised (1987);
5. Guidelines for Driveway Location and Design (1987);
6. Guidelines for High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lanes (1986);
7. Guidelines for Parking Facility Location and Design (1994);
8. Guidelines for Prohibitions of Turns on Red (1986);
9. Guidelines for Residential Subdivision Street Design (1993);
10. Guidelines for the Design and Application of Speed Humps (1997);
11. Guidelines for Urban Major Street Design (1984);
12. Management and Operations of ITS (1999);
13. Planning Urban Arterial and Freeway Systems (1997);
14. Preemption of Traffic Signals at or near Active Warning Railroad Grade Crossings
(1997);
15. Proper Location of Bus Stops (1985);
16. School Trip Safety Program (1984);
17. Smart Growth Transportation Guidelines, A Proposed Recommended Practice (2003);
18. Speed Zone Guidelines, A Proposed Recommended Practice (1993);
19. Traditional Neighborhood Development Street Design Guidelines (1999);
20. Traffic Access and Impact Studies for Site Development (1991);
21. Traffic and Parking Control for Snow Emergencies (1983);
22. Trip Generation Handbook (2001); and
23. Truck Escape Ramps (1989).
Scope of Work
The scope of work included two main tasks.
Task 1. Researchers performed a literature search on the subject matter for each of the ITE RPs.
The literature review focused on documentation of guidelines, research projects, and handbooks
or manuals produced by standard-setting organizations or associations similar to ITE. A tabular
summary for each RP organized the findings of the literature review. Listed in the table are
relevant sources pertaining to a given ITE RP and an assessment whether each new source:
could replace the existing ITE RP,

could update the coverage of the existing ITE RP,
could expand the coverage of the existing ITE RP,
conflicts with the existing ITE RP,
has been formally adopted by the publishing/sponsoring organization, and
contains general information about the topic.
Task 2. This task developed a survey of ITE members. The survey was a joint effort between
TTI and ITE staff. The purpose of the survey was to determine the level of familiarity and use of
RPs and Equipment Standards (ES) among members of ITE specialty councils. The survey was
also to determine which ITE RPs are being used in the profession, identify suggested changes to
the RPs, and identify other source material that could be used in place of current RPs. The
Review of ITE RPs
12/12/03
survey was also to help identify RPs most in need of update and any additional subjects that
might need an RP.
ITE prepared the survey for website use employing software regularly used by ITE for such
purposes. Due to software limitations on how many questions could be asked, the survey only
included RPs [and the publication that is a compilation of Equipment and Material Standards
(EMSs)] with average sales of more than 50 copies annually.
The request to participate in the survey was sent electronically to approximately 2,000 members
using a database developed by ITE staff. The survey was available for response from July 15,
2003, until August 11, 2003. After the survey closed, TTI summarized and prepared crosstabulations of the survey responses and interpreted those findings to help determine what the
plan of action should be for each ITE RP.
Literature Review
TTI performed an extensive literature search during the literature review process. The type of
sources sought were guidelines or completed research documents covering the same subject
areas as the ITE RPs. The documents sought were to contain guidelines that have a national
application, not just regional or local. The guidelines were to be sponsored by a national agency
or professional organization, or be nationally recognized as the current/best practice. In addition,
sources were to be as current as or more current than the existing ITE RP.
The literature search used a variety of different search techniques to locate sources. The most
widely used technique was to search the literature contents of professional societies and
government agencies with areas of interests common to the ITE RPs. The professional
organizations, government agencies, and institutions that were examined included:
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO),

American Planning Association (APA),
American Public Transit Association (APTA),
American Public Works Association (APWA),
American Road and Transportation Builders Association (ARTBA),
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE),
American Traffic Safety Services Association (ATSSA),
Association of American Railroads (AAR),
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA),
International City/County Management Association (ICMA),
International Municipal Signal Association (IMSA),
International Road Federation (IRF),
ITS America (ITSA),
National Association of Home Builders (NAHB),
National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP),
National Parking Association (NPA),
Public Transport Information (PTI),
Review of ITE RPs
12/12/03
Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP),

Transportation Association of Canada (TAC),
Transportation Research Board (TRB), and
Urban Land Institute (ULI).
A TRIS Online search and literature acquired previously in similar studies found other sources.
TTI created a list of sources for each RP reviewed. The research team evaluated each source and
determined whether that particular source related sufficiently to the RP subject. Table 1, List of
Recommended Practices Summary Table, includes those sources that researchers determined
provide guidance on the RP subject. Within the table is listed the source title, sponsoring
organization, and publishing date. Table 1 also shows if the researchers determined that the
documents have the potential to replace the existing ITE RP.
Review of ITE RPs
12/12/03
Review of ITE RPs
12/12/03
Sources
ITE Technical
Council Committee
5A-5 (Chair: Charles
Zegeer)
Design and Safety

of Pedestrian
Facilities
Sources
ITE Technical
Council Committee
5D-1 (Chair: Jim C.
Lee)
Airport Roadway
Guide Signs
Title and
(Developing
Committee
Planning and Implementing Pedestrian Facilities in

Suburban and Developing Rural Areas, NCHRP
Report No. 294A, 1987.
Alternative Treatments for At-Grade Pedestrian
Crossings: An ITE Informational Report, N. Lalani,
ITE, 2001.
Draft AASHTO Guide to the Development of
Pedestrian Facilities, AASHTO, 2003.
Accessible Rights of Way: A Design Guide,
Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance
Board & FHWA, 1999.
Transportation Planning Handbook, ITE, 1999.
Pedestrian Facilities Users GuideProviding Safety
and Mobility, FHWA, FHWA-RD-01-02.
Part I: Guidelines for the Selections of Supplemental

Guide Signs for Traffic Generators Adjacent to
Freeways; Part II: Guidelines for Airport Guide
Signing; and Part III: List of Control Cities for Use in
Guide Signs on Interstate Highways, AASHTO,
2001.
Guidelines for Airport Signing and Graphics,
American Association of Airport Executives, 2001.
(Purchase from Apple Design, Inc.)
Discusses guidelines for the design and safety of
pedestrian facilities to provide safe and efficient
opportunities for people to walk near streets and
highways.
Presents proposed guidelines for the traffic engineer

and the airport planner. Addresses proper signing in
airport design and consequences of airport layout on
sign programs. Includes sign messages, design and
graphics, and sign location for single- and multipleterminal airports.
Description / Title
Under development
RP could be enhanced to include more

information on design and ADA
guidelines for the right-of-way.
There are many subsequent resources
that could be used to update this RP on
specific pedestrian facility subjects.
This document is as good a
comprehensive document as exists
(probably without peer review).
Dated, pre-ADA
2001 TENC recommended that no action be

taken due to date of RP.
ITE should make revisions (if no revisions

then withdrawn).
Lack of standardization in airport signing
is a problem.
Problem statement was submitted to
NCHRP Synthesis program (NCHRP did
not select).
Current RP is out of date; airport roadway
signing is a major issue that needs
guidance.
2001 TENC review panel recommended:
Comments
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Evaluation of Alternatives
A = Could replace the ITE RP; B = Updates the coverage of the ITE RP; C = Expands the coverage of the ITE RP; D = Conflicts with the ITE RP;
E = Formally adopted by publishing/sponsoring organization; F = Contains general information.
#2
RP-026
1995
65 pp
#1
RP-014A
1991
52 pp.
Publication
Table 1. List of Recommended Practices Summary Table
Review of ITE RPs
12/12/03
Sources
Task Force (chair:

Jim Pline)
Guidelines for
Determining Where
the 55-mph Speed
Limit Could Be
Raised
N/A
Recommends guidelines for governmental

jurisdictions in selecting segments of interstate
highway where the 55-mph limit could be raised
without adversely affecting highway safety.
Various state design manuals and guidelines
Freeway Management Handbook, FHWA, FHWASA-97-064, 1997.

Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices, 2003.
Traffic Control Devices Handbook, ITE, 2002.
Designing Freeway On-Ramps for Metering, Report
2121-S, N.A. Chaudhary and C.J. Messer, TTI, 2001.
Provides a recommended practice for freeway

entrance ramp signal displays, signs, pavement
markings, and channelization. Discusses detectors
and control strategies.
Creating Walkable CommunitiesA Guide for Local

Governments, Mid-America Regional Council, 1998.
Designing Sidewalks and Trails for AccessPart I of

II: Review of Existing Guidelines and Practices,
FHWA, 1999.
Designing Sidewalks and Trails for AccessPart II of
II: Review of Existing Guidelines and Practices,
FHWA, 1999.
Pedestrian Facilities GuidebookIncorporating
Pedestrians into Washingtons Transportation
System, Washington Department of Transportation
(DOT), 1997.
Oregons Bicycle and Pedestrian Program, Oregon
DOT, 2003.
Description / Title
RP covers an outdated issue; issue could

be changed to where speed limits should
be lowered.
There is no recent updating material for
current subject.
If retained in some form (freeway/rural
highway speed limit policy), include:
accident statistics versus speed or
design characteristics,
crash cause factors, and
updated criteria for changing speed
limits.
Variety of information and detail can be

gained from these documents to update RP.
2001 TENC review panel recommended that
this RP be withdrawn.
RP is out of date and not compliant with

current MUTCD (Section 4H-2).
RP needs to be updated or withdrawn.
RP does consolidate all freeway ramp
signal guidance in one place.
Comments
9
No
Yes
9
No
No
No
No
9
9
9
9
No
No
No
No
#4
RP-019
1987
12 pp.
Freeway Entrance
Ramp Displays
#3
RP-007
1976
10 pp.
ITE Technical
Council Committee
4Z-A (Chair: Donald
E. Orne)
Sources
Title and
(Developing
Committee
Publication
Review of ITE RPs
12/12/03
Sources
ITE Technical
Council Committee
6A-16 (Chair:
Eugene M. Wilson)
Guidelines for HighOccupancy Vehicle

(HOV) Lanes
Sources
ITE Technical
Council Committee
5B-130
ITE Technical
Council Committee
5B-13 (Chair: Paul
C. Box)
Guidelines for
Driveway Location
and Design
Title and
(Developing
Committee
HOV Systems Manual, NCHRP Report 413 and 414,

1998.
Guide for the Design of HOV Facilities, AASHTO,
1992 (being updated).
Fuhs, Charles A. Fuhs, High-Occupancy Vehicle
facilities Current planning, Operation, and Design
Practices, Parsons Brinkerhoff, October, 1990.
Access Management Manual, TRB, 2003.

Access Management Guidelines for Activity Centers,
NCHRP Report 348, 1992.
Driveway and Street Intersection Spacing, TRB,
1996.
Impacts of Access Management Techniques,
NCHRP Report 420, 1999.
State DOT access management manuals and guides
for Florida, New Jersey, Colorado, etc.
Presents guidelines for use by transportation
planners and engineers considering implementation
of exclusive lanes for high-occupancy vehicles
(HOV). Includes both general guidelines for HOV
lanes and specific guidelines for exclusive lanes on
controlled access facilities with shared travel ways,
on city streets, and for authorized vehicles only.
Establishes guidelines for location and design of

driveways that provide access from public streets
and highways to developments on abutting property.
Includes classifications and definitions, design
considerations, traffic volumes, design elements, and
recommended guidelines.
Description / Title
Comprehensive; superceded by subsequent

publications
Publication expected in 2004
Current RP is superceded by many

subsequent documents.
AASHTO is currently updating their HOV
guidelines (1992).
NCHRP manual (1998) supercedes RP.
TTI has produced ABCs of HOVs (1999).
There is no need to update or maintain
RP.
Specific manuals not reviewed in detail
Includes case studies
New IR on driveway design is underway;

it is limited to design of driveways. No
attempt is made to summarize the large
issue of access management.
New information is available to update RP
with
TRB Access Management Manual
and
state DOT access management
manuals and guides.
Access Management Handbook is not as
detailed in design/layout content as
current RP.
Very comprehensive
TENC formed a new committee chaired by

Jim Gattis to develop an Informational
Report (IR) on driveway location (TENC-10201). Anticipated completion date is 2005.
Jim will coordinate this effort with the TRB
Access Management Manual.
Comments
No
Yes
No
No
No
9
No
No
No
#6
RP-017
1986
7 pp.
#5
RP-006B
1987
23 pp.
Publication
Review of ITE RPs
10
12/12/03
ITE Technical
Council Committee
5A-25A
(Chair: Paul Box)
Sources
Guidelines for
Residential
Subdivision Street
Design
ITE Technical
Council Committee
4A-17 (Chair:
William F. Savage)
Guidelines for
Prohibition of Turns
on Red
None yet found

Developed through a review of existing local criteria
and national recommendations, current practice, and
experience, these guidelines are intended for
adoption as specific elements within local subdivision
ordinances. The guidelines are directed at
conventional residential subdivisions. Part 1,
Traffic Considerations in Subdivision Planning and
Layout, cites the factors to be considered in
subdivision systems planning, while Part 2, Design
Elements for Subdivision Streets, establishes the
individual design elements of the street and
pedestrian systems.
RP is intended to be superceded by
Neighborhood Street Design Guidelines
(2003) upon its approval.
There is no need to update RP as a
result.
RP could be influenced by publication of

Neighborhood Street Design Guidelines.
RP needs revisions.
Committee has approved draft.
In November 2003, Review Panel
reviewed RP. A completed and final
document was provided to ITE
Headquarters. The draft document will
now go out for public comment.
Good parking structure sketches and other

detail; dated materials
2001 TENC review panel (TENC-101-06)
recommended:
Could be appendix information for RP
NPA documents provide similar

information but not in same type of
presentation. NPA author recommends
that ITE continue to have this RP
because audience is different.
ITE Parking Council to initiate update in
early 2004, including:
revised parking stall dimensions
based on field observations of
maneuvers with current vehicles,
different treatment of full
size/compact space needs, and
several other topics.
Under review; adoption expected in 2004
Parking Council is responsible for this RP.
Comments
9
No
9
Yes
No
No
No
#9
RP-011C
1993
18 pp.
#8
RP-018
1986
2 pp.
Guide for the Design of Park-and-Ride Facilities,

AASHTO, 1992 (being updated).
th
The Dimensions of Parking, 4 Edition, NPA, ULI,
2000.
Guidelines for Parking Geometrics, NPA, 2002.
Parking 101: A Parking Primer, IPI.
Parking StructuresThe Three Primary Aspects of
Functional Design, British Parking Association, 1980.
Provides a set of uniform guidelines for use by
agencies in determining those intersection
approaches where right turn on red should be
prohibited. Guidelines are qualitative and allow for
application of engineering judgment.
Sources
ITE Technical
Council Committee
5D-8
(Chair: Paul C. Box)
Essentially an update of the Location and Design

chapter of Parking Principles, published in 1971 by
the Highway Research Board of the National
Research Council. A major addition has been made
on guidelines for handicapped parking needs. A
second addition relates to methods of separating
large (full-size) and small-size cars.
Guidelines for
Parking Facility
Location and Design
#7
RP-022A
1994
32 pp.
Description / Title
Title and
(Developing
Committee
Publication
Review of ITE RPs
11
12/12/03
Sources
ITE Technical
Council Committee
5-5 (Chair: Paul C.
Box)
Guidelines for Urban

Major Street Design
Sources
ITE Technical
Council Task Force
(Chair: Marshall
Elizer, Jr.)
Guidelines for the

Design and
Application of Speed
Humps,
Sources
Title and
(Developing
Committee
A Policy of Geometric Design of Highways and

Streets, AASHTO, 2001.
Multilane Design Alternatives for Improving Suburban
Highways, NCHRP Report 282, 1986.
Intersection Channelization Design Guide, NCHRP
Report 279, 1985.
Towards a North American Geometric Design

Standard for Speed Humps, P. Weber and J.
Braaksma, ITE Journal, Vol. 70, No. 1, Jan. 2000,
pp. 30-34.
Traffic Calming State of the Practice, ITE, 1999.
Guide to Traffic Calming, Canadian Institute of
Transportation Engineers and Transportation
Association of Canada, December 1998.
Presents guidelines for geometric design elements
that affect functional operation, as opposed to
structural features, of urban major streets. Intended
to provide a foundation or starting point for rational
engineering design decisions.
Residential Streets, 3 Edition, ULI, NAHB, ASCE,

ITE, 2001.
Neighborhood Street Design Guidelines An
Oregon Guide for Reducing Street Widths,
Neighborhood Streets Project Stakeholders, ITE,
2000.
Creating Livable StreetsStreet Design Guidelines,
Metro (Oregon), 2002.
Neighborhood Street Design Guidelines, Proposed
ITE RP, 2003.
Street Design Guidelines for Healthy Neighborhoods,
Dan Burden et al., Local Government Commission
Center for Livable Communities, 1999.
Speed humps are in widespread use throughout the
Untied States, Europe, Australia, and other countries.
The safety of speed humps and their ability to
perform their intended use is directly contingent upon
their proper design and application. This ITE
proposed recommended practice will assist in
establishing locally adopted guidelines for the design
and application of those geometric design features.
rd
Description / Title
RP will be superceded by Urban Major

Street Design Handbook now underway
by ITE (Elizer, editor).
TENC review panel (which included Paul

Box) recommended withdrawing the RP (the
Green Books were published since the RP
was developed and contain additional
material that discusses urban street design;
therefore, panel concluded this RP is no
longer needed).
Many alternative practices are in use:

hump profile and
signing marking (including MUTCD).
Current RP should be reviewed for update
in light of current practice.
RP needs to be updated to reflect the
current MUTCD standards.
TENC noted that this RP needs updating.
Conceptual; details limited, primarily crosssections

Intended to be replacement for RP-011C
Comments
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
#11
RP-010A
1984
81 pp.
#10
RP-023A
1997
39 pp.
Publication
Review of ITE RPs
12
12/12/03
Sources
(Chair: Steve
Colman)
Planning Urban
Arterial and Freeway
Systems
Sources
Management and
Operations of ITS
Title and
(Developing
Committee
No recent sources found other than local agency

publications
Freeway Management Handbook, FHWA, FHWASA-97-064, 1997.

Successful Approaches to Deploying a Metropolitan
Intelligent Transportation System, FHWA, FHWAJPO-99-032, 1999.
http://www.itsdocs.fhwa.dot.gov/jpodocs/repts_te/6J
N01!.pdf
Regional ITS Architecture Guidance: Developing,
Using and Maintaining an ITS Architecture for Your
Region, FHWA, FHWA-OP-02-024, 2001.
http://www.itsdocs.fhwa.dot.gov/jpodocs/repts_te/135
98.pdf
Presents general guidelines and criteria for planning
urban arterial and freeway systems. Intended to
provide an overview of the planning process for such
systems and the relationships to public transportation
and land use planning.
Florida Roundabout Guide, 2 Edition, Florida DOT,

1998.
Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, FHWA,
FHWA-RD-00-067, 2000.
General overview about ITS and management and
operations. Good general material that should be
applicable even with technology changes.
nd
Description / Title
RP was going to be updated; decision is

awaiting comprehensive review of ITE
RPs. One thorough TPC review
suggested several enhancements and
some expansion of the scope.
RP should reflect current approach of
increasing use of existing facilities and
public awareness as well as limitations
on continually expanding roadways.
There is not much in the way of
comparable guidelines other than at
MPO level.
A lot of recent material was published by

Joint Program Office of FHWA.
ITS is being mainstreamed: O&M of ITS
components are being integrated into
overall O&M of roadway system.
This RP is a good basic document but not
technically specific.
RP may be better characterized as an ITS
O&M Primer, rather than RP.
References could be updated, but
contents of RP are current and valid
because they are very general.
An update is not needed.
ITE could expand the reference list
(FHWA ITS website).
Comments
No
9
No
Yes
No
No
#13
RP-015B
1997
54 pp.
#12
RP-030A
1999
Publication
Review of ITE RPs
13
12/12/03
Sources
ITE Technical
Council Committee
4A-1 (Chair: A.
Reed Gibby)
School Trip Safety

Program
Sources
Proper Location of
Bus Stops
Safe Routes to School, National Highway Traffic

Safety Administration, 2002.
Pedestrian Safety ToolkitUsers Manual, National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1999.
Traffic Safety Planning on School Sites, Michigan
Section of ITE, 1978.
Guidelines for Planning, Designing, and Operating

Bus-Related Street Improvements, TTI, 1990.
TCRP Report 19Guidelines for the Location and
Design of Bus Stops, TCRP-A10, 1996.
Sets out guidelines for improving the safety of young
student pedestrians. Intended for use by
educational, engineering, enforcement,
parent/teacher, and other organizations in a locally
planned, coordinated school transportation safety
program.
Implementation Report of the USDOT Grade

Crossing Safety Task Force, USDOT/FHWA, FHWASA097-085, 1997.
Guidance on Traffic Control Devices at Highway
Rail Grade Crossings, FHWA, 2002.
Traffic Signal Operations near Highway-Rail Grade
Crossings, NCHRP Synthesis 271, 1999.
Describes considerations and characteristics needed
to decide proper location and design of a bus stop.
This proposed RP supplements the requirements set

forth in the MUTCD and other reference books
regarding the use of preemption of traffic signals at
or near active warning grade crossings.
Description / Title
Dated materials
RP is probably acceptable in its current

form.
Lots of recent information has been
published on the subject, mostly for
outreach and educational purposes.
More recent information and references

are necessary.
RP is superceded by TCRP 19.
If ITE felt strongly about having such an
RP, ITE could develop bus stop design
checklists from TCRP 19 and put them
into an RP and add good case study
examples.
In August 2001, TENC review panel (TENC99-06) recommended that this RP be

withdrawn due to the publication of TCRP
19.
Revision is currently under review by the

Standards Review Panel.
In July 2003, James Cheeks distributed the

update of the RP for committee review prior
to publication for user comments (Tom
Lancaster, Committee Chair, TENC-99-06).
Comments
No
No
9
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
#16
RP-001A
1984
27 pp.
#15
RP-003
1967/1985
4 pp.
Preemption of
Traffic Signals at or
near Active Warning
Railroad Grade
Crossings
#14
RP-025A
1997
32 pp.
ITE Technical
Council Committee
4M-35 (Chair:
Willard Alroth)
Sources
Title and
(Developing
Committee
Publication
Review of ITE RPs
14
12/12/03
Sources
ITE Technical
Council Committee
4M-25 (Chair:
William Taylor)
Sources
Speed Zone
Guidelines, A
Proposed
Recommended
Practice
Smart Growth
Transportation
Guidelines, A
Proposed
Recommended
Practice
Title and
(Developing
Committee
USLimits v1.0, an expert advisor system designed to

assist practitioners to determine appropriate speed
limits throughout the United States,
http://wip1.etechgroup.com.au/about.asp
Managing SpeedReview of Current Practice for
Setting and Enforcing Speed Limits, TRB Special
Report 254, 1998.
School Traffic Safety, Illinois Department of

Transportation, not dated.
How to Develop a School Travel Plan, Sustrans,
2000.
Provides background information on land use
transportation relationships which are fundamental to
transportation aspects of Smart Growth. Emphasis is
approximately 60 (mostly) transportation planning
guidelines on how to shape the transportation system
and link it to land use/development and its planning
to achieve intended results.
None yet found.
Addresses what criteria should be used to establish
the need and potential effectiveness of speed zones,
and the appropriate speed limit if a speed zone is
established.
Traffic Control Devices Handbook, ITE, 2001
Description / Title
This is not an RP and was never

approved.
Consensus on what RP should be was
difficult to achieve within committee that
prepared the existing proposed RP.
ITE could survey its members to see if
such an RP is necessary/desired.
SCORP could then make decision how to
proceed.
Substantial research done on speed
limits (TRB SR 254).
ITE has IR on speed zoning.
FHWA is developing an expert system
on speed zones (NCHRP demonstration
is now underway).
In August 2000, committees RP effort was

stopped due to (1) refusal to make changes
as suggested by review panel and (2) TENC
executive committee expressed preference
for an informational report rather than a
recommended practice.
In April 1999, committee was informed that

review panel did not approve proposed RP
and encouraged working with review panel
members to resolve issues.
Current status is a proposed RP. It is in

public review period.
RP is to be revised upon receipt of
comments in fall of 2003.
Dated materials
Comments
E
No
Yes
No
No
No
#18
RP-024
1993
5 pp.
#17
RP-032
2003
Publication
Review of ITE RPs
15
12/12/03
Traditional
Neighborhood
Development Street
Design Guidelines
#19
RP-027A
1999
Street Design Guidelines for Healthy Neighborhoods,

Dan Burden et al., Local Government Commission
Center for Livable Communities, 1999.
Creating Livable StreetsStreet Design Guidelines,
Metro (Oregon), 2002.
Neighborhood Street Design Guidelines, Proposed
ITE RP, 2003.
Several state manuals (e.g., Caltrans Traffic Manual,

Chapter 8, Section 3: Speed Limits and Zones,,
Caltrans, 1996.) (and other similar state DOT
manuals and guides)
Traffic Engineering Manual Vol. 1, Chapter 7,
Vicroads, 1997.
th
Traffic Engineering Handbook, 5 Edition, Chapter 8,
ITE, 1999.
Contains a good description of the concepts and
principles of neo-traditional neighborhood street
design. Provides general background information
but very limited specifics on geometric design.
Instead recommends flexibility and design in
accordance with specific conditions or provides
examples.
Description / Title
This RP was originally intended to be

superceded by Neighborhood Street
Design Guidelines upon it approval. That
document is more specific.
If ITE desires a specific traditional
neighborhood development (TND) guide,
current RP needs to be made more
specific; it is currently more of an
approach and philosophy.
There are many different local design
manuals and special districts with design
standards that reflect certain aspects of
TND street design.
Peter Swift, Rick Chellman, and Rick Hall
are co-authoring what may be able to
serve as an update and expansion of this
material as a new urbanism street design
guide; it may be published by or in
association with the Congress for the
New Urbanism.
RP could be influenced by publication of

Neighborhood Street Design Guidelines.
Different approach to speed limit/zone

setting
General overview
Comments
9
Yes
9
No
No
No
No
Pos
sibl
e
Sources
Title and
(Developing
Committee
Publication
Review of ITE RPs
16
12/12/03
Sources
Sources
Trip Generation
Handbook
ITE Technical
Council Committee
4A-11 (Chair:
Richard T. Klatt)
Traffic and Parking

Control for Snow
Emergencies
None yet found
None yet found

This RP was thought by many survey respondents to
be the ITE Trip Generation report.
Evaluating Traffic Impact StudiesA Recommended

Practice for Michigan Communities, Michigan DOT,
1994.
nd
Transportation and Land Development, 2 Edition,
ITE, 2002.
Guidelines for Traffic Impact Assessment, Institution
of Highways and Transportation, 1994.
Serves as a guide to parking, traffic control, and
enforcement measures that can be used to deal
effectively with vehicular traffic constraints during
snow and ice removal operations.
Site Impact Handbook, Florida DOT.
Manual of Transportation Engineering Studies

Handbook, Chapter 9, ITE.
Sources
Task Force on
Traffic
Access/Impact
Studies
(Chair: Brian
Bochner)
This report from ITEs Transportation Planners

Council describes the key elements required for
preparing and reviewing access and impact studies
for new and expanding land developments. It is
intended to provide guidance and encourage
consistency in planning site access, on-site
circulation and parking layouts, and off-site
improvements. The report will prove useful to
traffic/transportation engineers and planners, as well
as public agency reviewers involved in the
development approval process.
Description / Title
Traffic Access and

Impact Studies for
Site Development
Title and
(Developing
Committee
Chapter 5 (pass-by, diverted link trips)

should be updated (five years old) and
transferred to ITE Trip Generation report.
New data should be at HQ.
Consider moving the data part into next
edition of Trip Generation report so
updating of this RP is not needed as
frequently.
The other chapters have no corresponding
sources elsewhere.
Except for Chapter 5, this RP is current.
Revisions should be made.

Committee was formed to revise RP
(chaired by Rick Klatt, TENC-101-05)
RP is urban oriented.
FHWA sources are more materials and
detection oriented.
Completion is expected late 2004.
2001 TENC review panel recommended:
Does not update current RP but could serve

as a substitute
Very detailed; could be basis for updated ITE

RP
Primarily a summary of current RP
RP is currently being planned for update.

Co-chairs of update committee have
recommended scope expansion.
Comments
No
Yes
No
No
No
#22
RP-028A
2001
150 pp.
#21
RP-012A
1983
5 pp
#20
RP-020B
1991
52 pp.
Publication
Review of ITE RPs
17
12/12/03
Sources
ITE Technical
Council Committee
5B-1
Truck Escape
Ramps
Title and
(Developing
Committee
Truck Escape Ramps, NCHRP Synthesis of Highway

Practices 178, 1992.
Includes a set of guidelines to be considered in the

development and operation of truck escape ramps.
Description / Title
NCHRP Synthesis 178 supercedes RP.

NCHRP Synthesis 178 should be updated
to incorporate new developments (ITS).
Even outdated NCHRP report should be
used instead of ITE RP.
Provides much of the information that could
be used to update or replace RP
2001 TENC review panel recommended that

this RP be withdrawn. Also recommended
that a problem statement be submitted to the
NCHRP Synthesis program. Problem
statement was written and submitted;
however, NCHRP did not select problem
statement in 2002.
Comments
Yes
#23
RP-021
1989
17 pp.
Publication
For the majority of the RP topics, researchers found additional sources that would supplement
the existing ITE RP but would not serve as a replacement. These sources contain general
information, technical information, research findings, guidelines, and/or current practices
covering the given RP topic but are not extensive enough to completely replace the RP.
Information within the source documentation could be used in the update process of an RP or if
expanded coverage is needed.
Seven different RPs could be replaced by other existing documents. One of these RPs,
Guidelines for Residential Subdivision Street Design, could be replaced with the new proposed
RP, Neighborhood Street Design Guidelines. A second RP, Traditional Neighborhood
Development Street Design Guidelines, is also a candidate to be replaced by the same proposed
RP, but there has been a lack of consensus as to whether the newer document covers the subject
area completely enough.
Finally, a long-time proposed RP, Speed Zone Guidelines, could be superceded by a section in
the Traffic Engineering Handbook, 5th Edition. Note that ITE never formally approved Speed
Zone Guidelines after publication in 1993 as a proposed RP. Other documents that could replace
the existing RPs are produced by AASHTO, NCHRP, and TCRP. Table 1 lists these documents.
User Survey Results
The survey went to approximately 2,000 members of ITE specialty councils. A total of 322
responded to the survey, with 318 complete responses. The RPs included in the survey were
those with average annual sales of at least 50 copies sold annually since each publications
release. Criteria included annual RP sales because of a limit on the number of responses the
survey could have, and the team felt that there would not be many respondents regularly using
RPs with low sales numbers. Fourteen RPs met the requirement of an average of 50 sales per
year (see Appendix A for a list of RPs included). In addition, the ITE publication containing all
EMSs was included in the survey.
The main objectives of the survey were to find:
the utilization of each RP by the ITE membership;

whether the ITE membership believes the RP should be updated;
the subtopics within a specific RP that need to be removed, added, and/or updated;
alternative sources that are currently being used in place of the ITE RPs; and
additional RP topics that are not currently in existence.
The majority of the respondents do not have a familiarity with all RPs in existence. This is
especially true of respondents with less than 10 years of work experience. Generally 60 to 75
percent of the respondents were either unfamiliar with or do not use each of the RPs. The Trip
Generation Handbook was the one exception to this finding. Only three respondents answered
that they did not have knowledge of the existence of the Trip Generation Handbook. The high
percentage of unfamiliarity with specific ITE RPs is not surprising given the diversity of the RPs
and common combinations of professional practice subdisciplines. For example, it is unlikely
Review of ITE RPs
18
12/12/03
that a person using the Trip Generation Handbook would also be likely to also use Truck Escape
Ramps.
Upon compiling the data from the survey, researchers found that there was no correlation
between sales levels and responses from participants for the need to update an RP. Also, there
was no correlation found between the age of the document and the need to update response
from survey participants. The latter could be true because many of the more recent RPs focus on
transportation topics where current practices have changed noticeably over the past few years
due to technology.
Researchers created cross-tabulations from the final survey results to help them reach
conclusions about the responses. Selected cross-tabulations are included in the main body of text
and Appendix B.
The results show that respondents with more than 10 years of work experience have higher
overall knowledge about or use the ITE RPs in the work environment (see Table 2). In addition,
a higher percentage of respondents with more than 10 years of experience think that RPs should
be updated than those with less experience (see Appendix B).
Table 2. Utilization of RP by Years of Respondent Experience
Experience <10 years (94 responses)
Recommended Practice
Experience >10 years (234 responses)
Not
Aware
Dont
Use
Use
Often
Other
Pub
Not
Aware
Dont
Use
Use
Often
Other
Pub
1.1 Trip Generation Handbook
24
68
44
174
1.2 Traditional Neighborhood Development
41
45
44
125
51
1.3 Design and Safety of Pedestrian Facilities
20
55
16
40
107
70
1.4 Traffic Access and Impact Studies
20
48
23
36
95
84
1.5 Smart GrowthTransportation Guidelines
43
47
99
104
17
1.6 Design of Speed Humps
41
38
12
52
108
58
1.7 Driveway Location and Design
47
33
72
81
58
11
1.8 Preemption of Traffic Signals at Railroad

Crossings
49
29
15
91
91
37
1.9 Urban Major Street Design
37
38
65
85
52
19
1.10 Residential Subdivision Street Design
45
35
62
105
45
1.11 Management and Operations of ITS
44
46
96
92
29
1.12 Neighborhood Street Design
40
41
59
105
46
1.13 School Trip Safety Program
66
23
114
73
27
1.14 Parking Facility Location and Design
29
49
10
59
108
46
Review of ITE RPs
19
12/12/03
Excluding the not applicable (N/A) responses in the Need to Update question (#2), it was
found that a baseline of about 30 percent of the participants felt that any given RP needed to be
updated. That is, regardless of age or currency of an RP, about 30 percent or more of the
respondents familiar with the RP stated that the RP should be updated. However, for all RPs
except the Trip Generation Handbook the majority of the responses to the Need to Update
question were N/A (no opinion or not familiar with document). The Trip Generation Handbook
(67 percent) and Management and Operations of ITS (56 percent) were the only two RPs with a
Need to Update response rate of over 50 percent (see Table 3).
Over half of the comments suggesting updates to specific parts of RPs were associated with the
Trip Generation Handbook. However, the content of the comments indicated that respondents
were actually commenting on the Trip Generation report. The majority of the responses stated
that the data within the handbook should be updated or expanded. While this applies to Chapter
5 of the handbook (pass-by trip data), the researchers feel that most respondents confused the
handbook with the report.
Comments on most other RPs were not conclusive about specific areas that need to be updated.
A common general response from the survey participants was that each RP should be updated
every five years to reflect current practices.
Table 3. Percent of Respondents Suggesting Update
No Update
Needed
Suggest
Update
2.1 Trip Generation Handbook (confused with Trip Generation report)
88
182
67%
76
47
38%
92
51
36%
87
72
45%
2.5 Smart Growth Transportation Guidelines
65
27
29%
88
37
30%
69
44
39%
2.8 Preemption of Traffic Signals at Railroad Crossings
60
27
31%
Percent
Update
54
41
43%
50
47
48%
2.11 Management and Operation of ITS
36
46
56%
51
38
43%
39
32
45%
52
48
48%
Note: Includes only yes/no responses; major response N/A except for Trip Generation Handbook (actually Trip Generation Report).
Sixty-one respondents (about 20 percent) suggested new topics for which ITE should develop
RPs. There was no consensus among the respondents on these new topics. Only traffic signal
phasing/programming (8) and parking studies (5) were suggested five or more times. From these
responses researchers concluded that there is no clear demand for specific new topics for ITE
RPs, at least from the surveyed sample of ITE members.
Review of ITE RPs
20
12/12/03
Conclusions
Researchers derived the following conclusions from the review of existing RP documents,
alternative sources, and the user survey. Table 4 shows some of these results by RP.
Most ITE RPs are each used or known to 2540 percent of surveyed members.
Only 5 of the 21 existing RPs are less than five years old, and 12 are at least 15 years old;
most were developed or last updated during the 1980s.
One proposed RP is 10 years old and was not approved but is still available for sale.
Of the 21 existing RPs, nine could be replaced by parts or all of other existing documents that
are more current; the same is true for the never-approved proposed RP on speed zone
guidelines.
One additional potential replacement, the ITE Geometric Design Handbook, is in preparation
and three to five other existing RPs are currently planned for update by specialty councils.
Five additional RPs are outdated, but there is no known current or planned update activity.
Two RPs have been previously suggested by specialty councils for withdrawal, one of which
could be replaced by an existing, more current document. One additional RP is a candidate
for withdrawal.
Four RPs and proposed RPs appear to be current and do not need updates; these include three
of the top six bestsellers among these reports.
From the survey of ITE specialty council members, there was no consensus about additional
RP topics that are needed
Recommendations
In light of the findings, actions are recommended for each of the 23 existing and proposed RPs
included in this evaluation. In general, the recommendations are based on RP content. Table 5
provides the recommendations that can be generalized in five action categories:
Update, revise, and/or expand existing RP (some RPs are currently under revision)
Complete new RP under development
Withdraw existing RP and refer to another existing source
Withdraw existing RP; need no longer exists
Retain existing RP as is
Those recommended for update, revision, or expansion are sorted by level of professional
interest based on sales based on information provided by ITE. The levels of professional interest
based on sales as defined by ITE are:
Significant
Nominal
Marginal
Review of ITE RPs
21
12/12/03
Planning Urban Arterial and Freeway Systems
Preemption of Traffic Signals at or near Active Warning Railroad Grade Crossings
Proper Location of Bus Stops
School Trip Safety Program

Smart Growth Transportation Guidelines (proposed)
Speed Zone Guidelines (proposed)
Traditional Neighborhood Development Street Design Guidelines
Traffic Access and Impact Studies for Site Development
Traffic and Parking Control for Snow Emergencies
Trip Generation Handbook

Truck Escape Ramps
14
15
16
18
19
20
21
22
23
17
Management and Operations of ITS
13
Guidelines for Prohibition of Turns on Red
12
Guidelines for Parking Facility Location and Design
Guidelines for Urban Major Street Design
Guidelines for High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lanes
11
Guidelines for Driveway Location and Design
Guidelines for the Design and Application of Speed Humps
Guidelines for Determining Where the 55-mph Speed Limit Could Be Raised
Guidelines for Residential Subdivision Street Design
Freeway Entrance Ramp Displays
Design and Safety of Pedestrian Facilities
10
Airport Roadway Guide Signs
Title
RP #
Table 4. RP Status Summary
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
?
x
Data
x
x
x
x
n
ed
d
tio
nd
te
a
e
e
r
e
m
pl
d
pa
bl
om
re
ve
om aila
ty
i
c
P
l
C
v
ro
e
i
v
t
a
p
n
n
R
o
be
ti
tA
Ac
Ap
aw
ly
si
to
o
en
vi
en
dr
us
er
n
e
N
h
m
P
v
o
m
t
o
i
t
e
e
R
vi
si
rR
ce
N
bu
ac
re
vi
rW
fo
la
ed
P
d
e
pl
P
o
p
s
f
d
l
e
e
R
e
t
o
a
e
R
rR
R
ne
w
da
op
ed
at
g
Is
g
de
an
ra
ut
id
l
in
s
Pr
n
in
os
d
t
d
d
a
O
P
u
p
h
s
n
w
n
i
t
o
i
K
P
P
e
a
P
W
R
R
O
Ex
Pr
R
Pe
N
C
Recommendation
Retain as is for ITE RP

Retain as is for ITE RP; consider updating to include information from
current safe route to school implementation activities.
22
Retain as is for ITE RP; update pass-by trip data now in this report, but
Trip Generation Handbook
include in ITE Trip Generation report so this RP does not have to be
updated every time new pass-by trip data becomes available; that data
does not need to be in an RP
Update/Revise, Expand; Significant User Interest
2
Update and expand per current practice and ADA requirements
Design and Safety of Pedestrian
Facilities
14
Replace with updated RP (now in review process prior to publication as
Preemption of Traffic Signals at or
Near Active Warning Railroad Grade proposed RP)
Crossings
19
Replace with current ITE proposed RP Neighborhood Street Design
Traditional Neighborhood
Guidelines after final approval; continue to monitor new guides being
Development Street Design
developed to see if others supercede the new RP for this specific
Guidelines
application
20
Pursue proposed RP expansion and update
Traffic Access and Impact Studies
For Site Development
Update/Revise, Expand; Nominal User Interest
5
Complete informational report being prepared as first step in possible
Guidelines for Driveway Location
RP update; update RP consistent with IR findings
and Design
9
Replace with current ITE proposed RP Neighborhood Street Design
Guidelines For Residential
Guidelines after final approval
Subdivision Street Design
Update/Revise, Expand; Marginal User Interest
1
Withdraw current RP; update and expand per priority
Airport Roadway Guide Signs
8
Complete ITE RP currently ready for publication as proposed RP
Guidelines For Prohibition of Turns
on Red
13
Update per current practice per priority
Planning Urban Arterial and
Freeway Systems
RP No.
Title
Retain As Is
12
Management and Operations of ITS
16
School Trip Safety Programs
Table 5. Recommendations
Proper Location of Bus Stops
Speed Zone Guidelines
Truck Escape Ramps
15
18
23
Complete Proposed RP Now In Review

17
Smart Growth Transportation
Guidelines
Withdraw
3
Freeway Entrance Ramp Displays
4
Guidelines For Determining Where
The 55 mph Speed Limit Could Be
Raised
Guidelines For Urban Major Street

Design
11
Title
Traffic and Parking Control For
Snow Emergencies
Withdraw And Refer To Other Source
6
Guidelines For High Occupancy
Vehicle (HOV) Lanes
7
Guidelines For Parking Facility
Location and Design
10
Guidelines For the Design and
Application of Speed Humps
RP No.
21
Table 5. Recommendations
Withdraw; refer to state DOT design manuals

Withdraw; 55mph speed limit no longer the standard
Complete RP development process (now responding to public

comments to proposed RP)
Withdraw; refer to Guide For the Design of HOV Facilities, AASHTO,

1992 (currently being updated; publication expected 2004)
Withdraw; refer to Dimensions of Parking (latest edition now 4th
edition, 2000), National Parking Association and Urban Land Institute
Withdraw; refer to applicable section of Guide To Traffic Calming,
Institute of Transportation Engineers, Transportation Association of
Canada, December 1998.
Withdraw; refer to latest edition of Policy on Geometric Design of
Streets and Highways, AASHTO. When complete, review ITEs
geometric design handbook to see if it, too, can be used as a guide
Withdraw; refer to TCRP Report 19, Guidelines For The location and
Design of Bus Stops, 1996
Drop 1993 proposed RP; refer to USLimits v1.0 (expert system; see
Table 1)
Withdraw; refer to Truck Escape Ramps, NCHRP Synthesis of Highway
Practices 178, 1992
Recommendation
Complete RP update now under way
APPENDIX ASurvey Results

Table A-1. Respondents Use and Familiarity with RPs and EMSs
Regarding the following Recommended Practice (RP) or
Equipment or Material Standard (EMS), I
1
The top percentage indicates total respondent ratio; the
bottom number represents actual number of
respondents selecting the option.
Was not aware

of this
publication.
1%
3
27%
88
19%
61
18%
57
45%
146
29%
94
38%
120
44%
141
32%
103
34%
109
45%
142
31%
99
58%
183
28%
90
62%
199
59%
189
63%
199
56%
175
59%
183
59%
186
62%
194
60%
186
65%
204
67%
211
75%
1. Trip Generation Handbook

2. Traditional Neighborhood Development Street Design
Guidelines
3. Design and Safety of Pedestrian Facilities
4. Traffic Access and Impact Studies for Site Development
5. Smart Growth Transportation Guidelines
6. Guidelines for the Design and Application of Speed
Humps, A Recommended Practice
7. Guidelines for Driveway Location and Design
8. Preemption of Traffic Signals at or near Railroad Grade
Crossings with Active Warning Devices
9. Guidelines for Urban Major Street Design
10. Guidelines for Residential Subdivision Street Design, A
11. Management and Operations of Intelligent
Transportation Systems
12. Neighborhood Street Design Guidelines
13. School Trip Safety Program
14. Guidelines for Parking Facility Location and Design
15. Traffic Signal Lamps
16. Vehicle Traffic Control Signal Heads
17. VTCSH Part 2: Light Emitting Diode (LED) Vehicle
Signal Modules (Interim)
18. Pedestrian Traffic Control Signal Indications
19. A Standard for Vehicle Detectors
20. Pretimed Traffic Signal Controllers
21. Solid-State Pretimed Traffic Signal Controller Units
22. Traffic-Actuated Traffic Signal ControllersSolid-State
23. Controller Cabinets
24. Lane-Use Traffic Control Signal Heads
25. A Model Performance Specification for the Purchase of
Pavement Marking Paints and Powders
Review of ITE RPs
234
25
2
3
4
Am aware of,
Use another
Frequently use
but never use,
reference as
the publication
this
primary source
as a reference.
publication.
instead.
22%
76%
1%
71
244
4
54%
17%
2%
172
56
5
52%
27%
2%
164
87
6
45%
33%
3%
146
107
11
47%
6%
1%
152
19
4
46%
23%
2%
147
73
8
36%
21%
5%
116
68
16
38%
17%
2%
122
53
5
39%
19%
9%
124
62
29
44%
17%
4%
140
55
14
44%
9%
2%
141
30
5
47%
17%
5%
148
53
15
31%
9%
3%
97
28
9
51%
18%
3%
160
56
10
27%
9%
2%
85
28
7
27%
11%
2%
87
35
7
25%
9%
3%
80
30
8
29%
12%
3%
92
38
10
28%
9%
4%
88
29
12
35%
4%
2%
110
12
6
32%
4%
3%
99
11
8
29%
6%
5%
90
18
16
24%
6%
5%
76
18
15
26%
4%
3%
80
14
8
18%
3%
4%
57
12
12/12/03
Table A-1. Respondents Use and Familiarity with RPs and EMSs (continued)
The top percentage indicates total respondent ratio; the

bottom number represents actual number of
respondents selecting the option.
26. Specification for Retroreflective White and Yellow and
Black Hot-Applied Thermoplastic Marking Materials
27. Model Performance Specification for the Purchase of
Preformed Plastic Pavement Marking Materials
28. Purchase Specification for Flashing and Steady Burn
Lights
29. Portable Bulb-Type Changeable Message Signs for
Highway Work Zones
Review of ITE RPs
Regarding the following Recommended Practice (RP) or

Equipment or Material Standard (EMS), I
1
2
3
4
Am aware of,
Use another
Was not aware
Frequently use
but never use,
reference as
of this
the publication
this
primary source
publication.
as a reference.
publication.
instead.
73%
21%
2%
4%
226
65
6
12
77%
17%
2%
4%
240
54
7
12
76%
20%
2%
2%
235
61
7
6
77%
19%
3%
2%
240
58
9
6
26
12/12/03
Table A-2. Need for Update of Existing RPs and EMSs

The content of the following publications
The top percentage indicates total respondent ratio; the bottom number
represents actual number of respondents selecting the option.
1. Trip Generation Handbook

2. Traditional Neighborhood Development Street Design Guidelines
3. Design and Safety of Pedestrian Facilities
4. Traffic Access and Impact Studies for Site Development
5. Smart Growth Transportation Guidelines
6. Guidelines for the Design and Application of Speed Humps, A Recommended
Practice
7. Guidelines for Driveway Location and Design
8. Preemption of Traffic Signals at or near Railroad Grade Crossings with Active
Warning Devices
9. Guidelines for Urban Major Street Design
10. Guidelines for Residential Subdivision Street Design, A Recommended
Practice
11. Management and Operations of Intelligent Transportation Systems
12. Neighborhood Street Design Guidelines
13. School Trip Safety Program
14. Guidelines for Parking Facility Location and Design
16. Vehicle Traffic Control Signal Heads
17. VTCSH Part 2: Light Emitting Diode (LED) Vehicle Signal Modules (Interim)
18. Pedestrian Traffic Control Signal Indications
19. A Standard for Vehicle Detectors
20. Pretimed Traffic Signal Controllers
21. Solid-State Pretimed Traffic Signal Controller Units
22. Traffic-Actuated Traffic Signal ControllersSolid-State
24. Lane-Use Traffic Control Signal Heads
25. A Model Performance Specification for the Purchase of Pavement Marking
Paints and Powders
26. Specification for Retroreflective White and Yellow and Black Hot-Applied
Thermoplastic Marking Materials
Review of ITE RPs
27
1
Reflects
current
practice and
does not need
to be updated.
28%
89
26%
76
31%
92
29%
87
22%
65
30%
90
24%
69
21%
61
19%
54
16%
48
12%
36
18%
52
14%
40
18%
53
12%
35
14%
41
12%
35
11%
33
8%
24
11%
31
8%
24
10%
30
8%
24
11%
32
5%
14
8%
22
Needs to be
updated.
N/A
58%
184
16%
47
17%
51
24%
72
9%
27
12%
37
15%
44
9%
27
14%
41
16%
47
16%
46
13%
38
11%
32
16%
48
8%
23
8%
22
9%
27
13%
38
16%
45
6%
16
7%
20
12%
34
10%
29
6%
18
6%
18
5%
15
14%
43
58%
173
52%
153
46%
137
69%
201
57%
171
61%
180
70%
204
67%
192
68%
201
72%
209
69%
203
75%
220
66%
195
80%
233
78%
227
79%
228
76%
223
76%
219
84%
241
85%
247
78%
227
82%
238
83%
239
89%
256
87%
249
12/12/03
Table A-2. Need for Update of Existing RPs and EMSs (continued)
The top percentage indicates total respondent ratio; the bottom number
represents actual number of respondents selecting the option.
27. Model Performance Specification for the Purchase of Preformed Plastic

Pavement Marking Materials
28. Purchase Specification for Flashing and Steady Burn Lights
29. Portable Bulb-Type Changeable Message Signs for Highway Work Zones
Review of ITE RPs
28
The content of the following publications

1
2
3
Reflects
current
Needs to be
practice and
N/A
updated.
does not need
to be updated.
6%
5%
89%
18
15
254
6%
5%
89%
17
14
251
7%
6%
88%
19
16
253
12/12/03
Table A-3. Need For Update of Existing RPs and EMSs

Recommended Practice (survey
number)
1. Trip Generation Manual (see
last listing for comments that
actually pertain to ITE Trip
Generation report)
2.
3.
4.
Comment
Could develop guidelines for trip generations for transit oriented development.
Also the percentages for captured trips needs more definition. Most people just use 20% and
I don't think that there is enough information to support this. But they need some number to
use because it makes sense to reduce the number of trips.
Traditional Neighborhood
Document should be updated to reflect the state-of-the-art technology, especially in the areas
Development Street Design
of traffic calming, safety, and aesthetics. It needs more dimensional information, including
Guidelines
sight distance for alleys, design for single unit and other larger moving trucks at internal
intersections, width of streets for on-street parking for townhouse/multi-family development
where fewer/no driveways (compared to single family detached) do not create gaps in
parking to facilitate 2-way traffic (desirable), and design for fire apparatus access that meets
International Fire Code requirements. It should also better reflect the need for vehicle trip
reduction to promote pedestrian and bicycle trips, safe pedestrian movements, slowing
traffic, and community values.
Design and Safety of Pedestrian This is an important publication that needs revision periodically to consider good design,
Facilities
safety, aesthetics, changes in technology (e.g., uplights, speed feedback signs, etc.), and to
meet current ADA requirements. Ongoing developments in pedestrian safety should also be
included along with Canadian and other non-US specific practices.
Traffic Access and Impact
This document should be expanded to include a broader range of variables for design
Studies for Site Development
purposes, including more multi-modal content and more mixed use facility guidance. It
should reflect current case law, incorporate sample cases, and provide more input on
reduction of trips due to proximity to transit, chaining of trips and pass-by reductions, and the
need for vehicle trip reduction to promote pedestrian and bicycle trips.
Publication #4 needs to be updated just to keep up with the changing data and practices in
both areas.
Should be subject to regular updates at three to five year intervals.
5.
Smart Growth Transportation

Guidelines
6.
Guidelines for the Design and

Document needs to be updated to include current practices (particularly if the liability issues
Application of Speed Humps, A with these have changed), and alternative hump profiles and pavement markings, including
raised crosswalks. It should include examples of speed humps and case studies of
successes and failures.
Guidelines for Driveway
This could incorporate new access management materials and research results from TRB,
Location and Design
FHWA, etc. It should also include sample cases that go outside the normal guidelines.
Another suggestion is to consider withdrawing the RP since new the TRB access
management manual MAY cover the topic sufficiently.
Preemption of Traffic Signals at This document may require changes due to recent agency actions. It should also reflect
or Near Railroad Grade
post-Fox River Grove crash changes in operational philosophies and provide additional
Crossings with Active Warning details with atcs and railroad circuits. The installation of pre-signals in different parts of the
Devices
country has slightly different designs and results due to driver habits, roadway geometrics,
traffic volumes and traffic signal phasing. These alternate designs should be investigated and
be mentioned in the manual when they should be used.
Guidelines for Urban Major
This document should be updated to include the more innovative design now occurring (e.g.,
Street Design
more friendly streets, various enhancements), the worldwide solution-oriented design
approaches, pedestrians, bicycles, and other automated mobility devices that are becoming
more popular and have concomitant impacts on pedestrian movements particularly at
intersections. Other issues include how to use design to separate people and moving devices
without overly impacting street capacity and giving priority to carpools and buses.
Guidelines for Residential
Seems that this is or should be superceded by Neighborhood Street Design Guidelines
Subdivision Street Design, A
(currently proposed RP).
Management and Operations of This topic is changing so rapidly and continually evolving with lots of new research that it
Intelligent Transportation
needs to be updated periodically to keep up with current technologies and practices.
Systems
Neighborhood Street Design
No specific comments.
Guidelines
School Trip Safety Program
This document could have minor updates reflecting changes in technology, such as uplights,
speed feedback signs, etc.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14. Guidelines for Parking Facility

Location and Design
Review of ITE RPs
This document needs more current examples and photos of off-street, and especially onstreet designs and how they relate.
Document should reflect the use of Yellow LED
29
12/12/03

number)
16. Vehicle Traffic Control Signal
Heads
17. VTCSH Part 2: Light Emitting
Diode (LED) Vehicle Signal
Modules (Interim)
18. Pedestrian Traffic Control Signal
Indications
19. A Standard for Vehicle
Detectors
Comment
Document needs to address standard displays for different lane configurations. It should be
updated based on new technology and interface with ITS components.
Document should cover all lens colors, including amber signals and the use of yellow LEDs
as accepted practice. It should be updated based on new technologies and the interface with
ITS components.
Document should reflect the use of the latest technology as well as the interface with ITS
components.
This document needs to address the use of the latest stable technologies and note potential
problems to be aware of especially with video imaging detection. It also should address the
interface with ITS components.
20. Pretimed Traffic Signal
This document should address many of the new advances in signal controllers and expand to
Controllers
include new equipment options, such as video detection, battery backup, as well as the
interface with ITS components. It should also include detailed information about
interconnected systems.
21. Solid-State Pretimed Traffic
Signal Controller Units
interface with ITS components. It should also include detailed information about
interconnected systems.
22. Traffic-Actuated Traffic Signal
Controllers-Solid-State
interface with ITS components. It should also reflect the latest NTCIP, include detailed
information about interconnected systems, and address the different types of traffic
responsive and traffic adaptive systems and the problems to be aware of before
implementation.
include new equipment options, such as video and microwave detection, and battery backup,
as well as the interface with ITS components. It should include detailed information about
interconnected systems and address the issue of leaving room for maintenance activities
after the components have been installed and the contractor has left the project.
24. Lane-Use Traffic Control Signal This document needs to be updated based on new technology and the interface with ITS
Heads
components. It should focus on the types of displays to give the highest level of conspicuity
to the motorist.
25. A Model Performance
Specification for the Purchase of
Pavement Marking Paints and
Powders
26. Specification for Retroreflective No specific comments.
White and Yellow and Black
Hot-Applied Thermoplastic
Marking Materials
27. Model Performance
Specification for the Purchase of
Preformed Plastic Pavement
Marking Materials
28. Purchase Specification for
This document needs to address the use of LED lamps for flashing and steady burn lights.
Flashing and Steady Burn
Lights
29. Portable Bulb-Type Changeable This document should update the photometric test time to include extended life types AMessage Signs for Highway
C&D lights and red chromaticity. It should be expanded to include other DMS technologies.
Work Zones
Trip Generation Report (not a
Trip Generation Handbook - More examples of multiple size/use developments due to the
subject of this review, but majority of constant changing ways in which a development (specifically, commercial, i.e. Shopping
comments were on this publication) Center) are used, and also to develop methodologies for assigning trips based on the
number/location of access points and how the location of an access point/driveway and the
access restriction could affect its use. Also, provide guidance as to the effect of trip
generation based on the functional class of the adjacent roadway, for example: The case
where a development is located adjacent to or near an interchange, near a major state route
in urban/rural areas, or a county road in rural areas.
Expand descriptions of multi-use facilities, appropriate internal capture credits between uses.
Include more detail/surveys on big box stores (i.e., Costco, Wal-Mart, etc.).
Many trip generators are not included or the number of studies is minimal. More data is
needed for internal capture/mixed use facilities.
Review of ITE RPs
30
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number)
Comment
The trip generation manual always needs to be update. It should be a continually changing
document. (which it is) But more frequent updates or revisions should be made available via
the ITE web site.
Update data, add land uses.
Trip Generation can ALWAYS be more up to date
Trip Generation Handbook - needs to be updated to reflect additional land uses - primarily
expansion of commercial uses.
The Trip Generation Handbook is always evolving and improving as more data becomes
available.
Expanded list of trip generators.
Trip Generation numbers, some of the categories need to be researched more. Standard
Dev. is too large. Need more data sets to fit the line/curve better.
Trip Generation. Should be updated with data for multiple use sites such as convenience
store/fast food rest., as well as, providing more data for sites that currently have little or no
data to go by.
Trip generation - additional land uses - small retail plazas, expand pharmacy database
Trip Generation Handbook: As new studies are completed, they need to be incorporated into
the handbook to keep us current with the latest trip generation trends.
Get rid of old data. Provide more information on data to the user.
Trip Generation Handbook. Need more surveys and data collection from the Midwest, and
from the 2000's.
Subject to regular updates at three to five year intervals.
Need to update to reflect new data that is available. A larger data set for stand-alone
hospitals would be useful as well as the existing data set is very small and does not reflect
current operations at hospitals (i.e., more square feet of space per patient)
Surveys of all land uses and larger sample sizes (re: More surveys as oppose to relying on
only a few samples as representative of the whole)
Trip Generation, increase sample sizes for some land use, e.g., LRT stations
Trip Generation - more land uses & expanded database of some of the land uses (sample
size too small in certain cases). Expanding the database would be extremely useful.
ITE Trip Generation Manual: There are a lot of strip centers being developed, and the code
must people use is the code for shopping centers. It seems that more information should be
for specialty retail center.
Trip Generation Manual needs to be updated, particularly for facilities which have mixed-uses
within a single structure.
Trip generation handbook needs to include more survey information regarding special
generators. Some other uses have small sample sizes too.
Trip generation handbook needs to include more survey information regarding special
generators. Some other uses have small sample sizes too.
Trip Generation - Publish Databases Electronically
Continue to research and update land uses and their respective trip generation factors.
Review of ITE RPs
31
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number)
Comment
The ITE Trip Generation Manual is in need of regular update based on emerging research. It
is a valuable tool.
Publication number 1 needs to be updated just to keep up with the changing data and
practices in both areas.
Some need continual updating (such as the Trip Generation Handbook). Any with technology
issues need to be updated frequently. Street design items need occasional updates to reflect
ITS, Smart Street, neighborhood impact mitigation, etc. impacts.
Trip Generation Manuals....more studies to validate data
The trip generation handbook needs to be updated to provide more accurate rates for uses
that were not analyzed much (i.e. specialty retail, banks, etc.)
The Trip Generation Handbook is fairly current but land uses are evolving and there are still
many land uses with very limited data so it should be updated in the next 3-5 years.
Trip generation: the types of businesses and trips generated are things that are constantly
evolving and therefore always need updating.
FHWA should develop a comprehensive technical document. Then ITE could update the
recommended practices to those specific issues where it would be appropriate to develop
recommended practices. First document is too large and complex an effort for ITE to
manage.
Although I have said that they do not need to be updated, the trip generation handbook could
be updated regularly with new survey information. An online version of the handbook would
be great.
Trip Generation requires on-going updating as conditions are changing all the time,
particularly in areas that are implementing TDM
Trip Generation Handbook needs to provide more information regarding pass-by trips,
diverted trips, and internal trips with detailed examples from start to finish
#1 - Doing a good job but I imagine that constant review and update of reference materials
such as this is always a good idea.
1- The Trip generation manual does not reflect the trips of restaurants in Canada specifically Tim Hortons Restaurant. We can the trips to be 150 in the AM peak, not 35.
Trip Generation Handbook - more research data for all land use types
trip gen always is in need of updating-ITE should develop "incentives" to obtain new data
from the industry. also consider cd-rom with more background info than what is published in
the books.
1. Always needs fresh new data and new land use codes.
Additional surveys on pass-by trips
Trip Generation Manual needs to be updated for a number of retail and public uses that no
longer appear to be accurate. e.g. schools in particular seem outdated and we have seen a
lot of newer retail centers that don't fit well into the 820 or 814 land uses as well as "mega"
stores with everything from furniture to produce that just don't match the land use
descriptions
1. New types of land uses or land use combinations are constantly being added and the Trip
Generation Handbook needs to include these new land uses.
1. Trip Generation Handbook. Update with information for all different types of trucking
related facilities such as truck terminals, warehouse distribution, etc.
Trip Generation has a number of outdated data including Grocery/Supermarket and Banks
where those land uses have changed significantly. The older data should be eliminated
because it is skewing the current data points.
Review of ITE RPs
32
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number)
Comment
Trip Generation Manual needs updating. The more samples, the better.
Trip Generation - add more uses. Supermarket ADT not available; specialty retail and
shopping center too similar.
1. Trip Generation: More studies for parks, gas stations with fast-food restaurants
Trip Generation Manual needs more land use examples. Also more west coast examples.
#1 - This data needs regular updating and analysis to remain current.
1 - require more studies to validate trip end estimates
Trip Generation... expand data for Specialty Retail, Internal trip capture for mixed-use
facilities.
Trip generation is in constant need of updating as driving habits and destinations change.
Video rental stores were a new entity, big box retail as an evolving problem. Who knows
what new business will hit in the next 5 years?
The Trip Generation Handbook needs to be continuously updated and expanded to include
more data and separate areas that have good transit access to them.
1 - Trip Generation Characteristics are dynamic and should be monitored. Also, there are
new uses that need to be addressed as they become popular.
Trip Generation Handbook needs more retirement studies and age restricted studies.
Number 1. Mainly for uses that have changed through the times, especially, theaters, banks,
and convenience stores. Would also like equation for LUC 710 - General Office to be revised
for the evening peak hour so that trip gen to smaller office buildings is not overestimated.
Trip Generation Manual--Eliminate older data for several land uses; make the user aware of
glitches in some formulae (i.e. 710 Office formula for 1,000 SF y-intercept of 78!!); get better
info on industrial parks & distribution centers--old rates reflect more labor-intensive
operations--not automated. Get new data on banks--why are rates so high per 1,000 SF
during peak hours, when most banks are closed?
Review of ITE RPs
33
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Table A-4. Suggested Alternative Resources for RP Material

Respon- If your organization uses another document(s) as a reference on the above subjects, please list the title,
dent publisher, and date of each.
Number Response
1
NEMA TS-2 and ATC specs
Delaware Department of Transportation Rules and Regulations for Subdivision Streets, Standards, and Regulations for
2
Access to State Highways, Road Design Manual
3
We use the AASHTO Green Book and state DOT standards for road and entrance design.
1. Ministry of Transportation (B.C.) Trip Generation Manual
2. Ministry of Transportation (B.C.) Pedestrian Facilities Design Handbook
3. Transportation Association of Canada Neighbourhood Traffic Calming Guidelines
4
4. Transportation Association of Canada Bikeway Traffic Control Guidelines for Canada, December 1998
5
6
7
8
5. Ministry of Transportation (B.C.) Site Impact Analysis Requirements Manual, 1997

None.
Parking Generation needs updating and expansion
Mentioned under question 3
Alabama DOT standards
FHWA MUTCD, state standards and supplement to MUTCD, state manuals for subdivisions and streets.
10
Ontario Provincial Standard Specification and Detail Drawings. Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Ronen House
publish them.
Ontario Ministry of Transportation Geometric Design Manual, Commercial Entrances Manual. The Ontario Ministry of
Transportation has developed numerous design manuals that are referenced throughout Ontario.
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
TAC Geometric Design Guidelines and TAC Guide for Uniform Traffic Control Devices
Traffic Engineering Handbook, ITE
Florida Department of Transportation current specifications (updated each year)
Manual of traffic detector design
6. County policy on installation of speed humps.
7. Florida Department of Transportation access management standards and design standards.
Use traffic study guidelines and impact criteria published by the affected public agency.
1. MUTCD
2. AASHTO Green Book
3. Standard specifications and drawings by state
The Green Book
Generally, as a state DOT, where they exist, we use AASHTO and FHWA publications.
NEMA TS-1 and TS-2 for signal controllers and cabinets.
A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, AASHTO, 2001.
Roadway Design Manual, TxDOT, October 2002.
MUTCD 2000, AASHTO Green Book
Transportation and Land Development (Stover and Koepke)
Parking (Weant and Levinson)
Canadian Transportation Association of Canada manuals
1. MUTCD millennium edition
2. Manual of Transportation Engineering Studies (ITE, 2000)
24
3. Traffic and Highway Engineering (Nicholas J. Garber and Lester A. Hoel, revised second edition 1996) (ITP)
25
4. Traffic Engineering Handbook (ITE, 5th edition, 1999)

Traffic Calming in Practice in UK (Kennington Publishing Services, London, 1994)
Ministry of Transportation guidelines (Ontario, Canada)
Transportation Association of Canada standards
MUTCD, FHWA
Caltrans (California) highway and traffic manuals
26
Review of ITE RPs
34
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Table A-4. Suggested Alternative Resources for RP Material (continued)

Number Response
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
New Jersey State Highway Access Management Code; AASHTO Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets,
NJDOT Roadway Design Manual
The survey should have contained other possible answers including:
not aware but would like to review and use
use occasionally
Caltrans standards and manuals.
We use California Department of Transportation standard specifications and plans; and County of Los Angeles,
Department of Public Works, Traffic and Lighting Division; City of Los Angeles Department of Transportation and other
local agency sources for standards and recommended practices.
I would not necessarily reference one document but try to find all pertinent materials, and then compare the conclusions of
the various documents. There is a higher level of trust of the ITE materials, so it is critical for me that ITE maintain a high
level of review, process, etc. to assure that the recommendations work.
TCRP publications; National Safety Council, etc.
MUTCD and Green Book
MCUTP
Transportation Association of Canada various publications and dates
Access Management NCHRP 420 for #7
and local guidelines for #3.
#1 City of Chula Vista typically uses SANDAGs Not So Brief Guide of Vehicular Generation Rates, April 2002. If the
land use is too unique to be listed there, we then go to ITE to see if there is any similar land use available.
The City of Edmonton mainly uses TAC guidelines for design and installation of traffic controls.
Georgia DOT specs and standards
40
Most of the roadway design and traffic signal documents we use are state / county / municipality specific. Primarily use
the ITE publications when we need to justify a variance from something that seems unreasonable in existing policy.
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
Use location-specific traffic impact study requirements mostly and the ITE guidelines as a backup document.
AASHTO
7. County Land Development Code, Florida State Access Management Standards
7. Access to State Highways, Illinois Department of Transportation
California Highway Design Manual and Traffic Manual and specifications
Local surveys in New York City
Typically my other references are state standards; they supercede any guide books.
AASHTO Green Book and MUTCD
San Diego Trip Generation
50
We use mostly Caltrans standard specifications, TEES for the signal controller cabinet, detectors, etc.
51
AASHTO Green Book

For all specifications, we reference local DOT specifications. However, some of these are undoubtedly based on ITE
standards.
Caltrans Traffic Manual
For parking lot/deck designULI, The Dimension of Parking, 4th edition, 2001
Canadian Capacity Guide
Transportation Association Canada Road Design Guide
AASHTO
For 2, 9, 1, and 12, the primary reference is the TAC Geometric Design Guide for Canadian Roads.
For 6, 2, and 12 the primary reference is TAC Canadian Guide to Neighbourhood Traffic Calming.
AASHTO, state and local guidelines
We use several other sources, too many to mention.
#25We use ASTM standards
Weve developed our own signal cabinet spec
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
Review of ITE RPs
35
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Table A-4. Suggested Alternative Resources for RP Material (continued)

Number Response
61
We cannot use it in Florida, but Caltrans has a better grip on it than ITE or FDOT.
62
Parking Generation, 2nd Edition, 1987
63
Primarily use agency specifications, which are often based on the various recommended practices.
64
AASHTO Green Book and state DOT regulations.
Table A-5. Respondents by Employer Type

Number of
Responses
Response Ratio
County Government
20
6%
State/Province Government
30
9%
Federal Government
2%
Regional Planning Agency
1%
Transit Agency
1%
Port Authority
0%
Parking Agency
0%
Toll Road Authority
0%
178
55%
Educational Institution
2%
Student
0%
Manufacturer/Supplier
0%
Contractor/Construction
0%
Developer
0%
Association
1%
Airline
0%
Railroad
0%
Retired
0%
Consultant
Other, Please Specify

Total
Review of ITE RPs
2%
321
100%
36
12/12/03
Table A-6. Suggested Additional Topics for RPs

Respon- Are there other topics on which you think ITE should develop RPs or EMSs?
dent
Number Responses
1
2
Traffic signal systems. Standards for interconnected traffic responsive signal systems.
Recommended Practice: Incident management, roadside safety audits, public outreach, travel studies
EMSs: VMS signing, remote weather systems
Travel demand forecasting
None that I can think of at the moment
May or may not be RP material, but what about recommendations for staffing and functions for a city or county traffic/
transportation department?
Ethical standards regarding advocacy on behalf of land developers.

GuidelinesTraffic operation centers
GuidelinesITS systems
GuidelinesITS components
How to conduct parking studies for specific land uses such as hospitals, CBDs, and universities
Balancing street improvement requirements and property rights
10
Yes, a traffic calming handbook, complete with designs, operations, pavement marking, and striping.
11
What criteria are needed to warrant an adult crossing guard at a school crossing.
12
Update parking standards.
13
ITE seems to put nearly all of its energy into the promotion of mechanical and electronic devices to control traffic. There
are other effective was to control traffic such as proper geometry, pavement color contrast, textures, sight distance,
landscaping, etc. ITE should promote the use of all effective control means separately or together to make traffic operate
as effectively as possible.
14
Roundabouts
15
Update parking generation, particularly include age-restricted residential.
16
Traffic calming measures and devices effectiveness handbook for speed and volume reduction strategies.
17
Dynamic message signs
18
Travel demand models
19
Recommended practices for the use of travel demand modeling in the evaluation of site impact analysis at both the DRI
and sub-DRI levels.
20
N/A
21
Roundabouts
Accident reduction strategies
22
Traffic signal programming
23
Clearance intervals and signal timing
24
Traffic management center
25
26
Signal change intervals

Use of red-light running cameras
Signal timing practices
Intersection lighting standards
27
Parking generation needs to be updated
28
Bus and rail system interface guidelines. For example, just how far off a major route should services be diverted?
29
Standards of good practice for transit priority (light rail and bus) on urban streets and highways, ranging from full traffic
signal preemption to limited actions, such as advance or extended green, special queue bypass lanes, and other
techniques.
30
Roundabouts (When warranted? How to design?)
Review of ITE RPs
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Table A-6. Suggested Additional Topics for RPs (continued)

dent
Number Responses
Video detection cameras
31
Red light cameras

Speed cameras
32
33
34
35
36
Highway-rail at-grade crossing standards with FRA.

Dynamic message signs
Epoxy pavement markings
Lane allocation regarding truck-only and/or HOV facilities
Tolled facilities, point tolled, multi-barrier, and/or distance tolling
Parking generation (I think this was started last year)
RP: Strategic transportation plans
RP: Urban LRT in city streets
37
I am not sure. Do the documents above, that I am not familiar with, deal with couplets?
38
Traffic analysis/simulation software applications
39
ITE has done RPs for bus stop locations on city streets. The one done in the 1960 was better than the last one I saw,
which was done in the 80s.
40
Sidewalk requirements for ADA
41
ITS interoperability?
42
Airport landside planning and design
43
44
45
I think there is a good knowledge base out there for traffic signal timing optimization that is largely untapped. Since we
are focusing on operations, this would be a good topic to advance. Plus, I have never seen all the good ideas put down in
one place.
Another topic that deserves additional attention is access management. This is a hot topic now in my state, but the
information that we need is more real world examples of documented operational and safety benefits, especially the
positive, or negative, impacts on adjacent commercial properties.
Travel demand modeling where many planners/engineers are not guided especially in future traffic forecasting.
Development of future highly design traffic, etc.
Roundabouts
BRT planning and design
46
Design and operation of protected-permitted dual left turn operations, amber LED signal heads, battery back-up
operations for traffic signals, etc.
47
I would be interested in recommendations regarding the use of accessible pedestrian refuges. Specifically, are they
permissible without marked crosswalks? Do they increase pedestrian risk for crashes on multi-lane roads with speeds
greater than 35 mph?
48
Bike facility implementation.

Public process for controversial projects.
Signal phasing guidelines
49
Guidelines for mid-block pedestrian crossings

Parking garage circulation and design
50
1. Work with APBP/AASHTO to develop RP for bike facilities.

2. Continue working to develop ITS standards.
Review of ITE RPs
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12/12/03
Table A-6. Suggested Additional Topics for RPs (continued)

dent
number Responses
EMS for:
Video detection standards
SPs for:
51
Left turn phasing (when to use PPLT versus protected or simply permissive and alternative displays)
Determining yellow timing for left-turn phasing
Use of red clearance in signal timing to include discussion of actuated versus fixed red-clearance timing
Deployment of a red-light camera program
52
Signal change and clearance interval timings.
53
Your programmed instruction booklets, slides, audio cassettes on signing, marking, traffic studies, and traffic signals from
the 1970s need to be updated. They were excellent training materials for younger engineers and technicians.
54
Vehicle stacking (single and multi-lane) requirements for various drive-thru uses, banks, fast food restaurants, car
washes, pharmacies, etc.
Vehicle stacking requirements for pick-up/drop-off at elementary, middle, and high schools in rural, urban, and suburban
areas . . . also recommended access/circulation for school sites, including separation of bus and passenger vehicle uses.
55
Do you have a publication that lists and briefly describes all the documents mentioned above? If yes is it widely
distributed?
56
Guidelines for bike lane design adjacent to parking lanes, guidelines for use of bike signals for advance green to bikes
57
Removal of pavement markings
58
Interactive development guidelines and/or suggestions for the involvement and inclusion of the other two Es of traffic
engineering. The enforcement and education aspects of this trilogy are causing the engineering solutions to fail! Solution
design for participants who knowingly violate or push the limits of the design is a no-win scenario, for which a lot of
money is being spent for no correction of the problems.
59
LED is my most important request!
60
School zones. Primarily how to handle cross streets that enter in the middle of the zone, length of zone, and time limits of
the zone.
When and how to use school zone speed limits.
61
Question 1 does not lend itself to the way we in the central office (standards-making unit) use these. We use some as
references when upgrading standards, etc. So there is a column missing that would reflect that we do use some of them
but not frequently.
Table. A-7. Respondent Years of Experience

Number of
Responses
Response
Percentage
Less than 2 yrs.
1%
3 to 5 yrs.
33
10%
6 to 10 yrs.
57
18%
11 to 20 yrs.
105
33%
Over 20 yrs.
121
38%
Total
321
100%
Years Experience
Review of ITE RPs
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12/12/03
APPENDIX BCross-Tabulation of Survey Results

Table B-1. Utilization of Recommended Practice by Needs to Be Updated
Response
Dont Use
Use Often
Other Pub
14
164
21
20
11
34
24
45
2.5 Smart Growth
14
12
22
16
22
2.8 Preemption of Traffic Signals at Railroad Crossing
15
12
24
19
25
19
14
13
21
10
12
19
20
Table B-2. Utilization of Recommended Practice by Respondent Comments on

Update Needs
Dont Use
Use Often
Other Pub
77
1.5 Smart Growth
1.8 Preemption of Traffic Signals at Railroad Crossings
Review of ITE RPs
40
12/12/03
Review of ITE RPs
41
12/1/03
2.6 Design of Speed

Humps
2.7 Driveway Location
and Design
2.8 Preemption of
Traffic Signals at
Railroad Crossings
2.9 Urban Major Street
Design
2.10 Residential
Subdivision Street
Design
2.11 Management and
Operations of ITS
2.12 Neighborhood
Street Design
2.13 School Trip Safety
Program
2.14 Parking Facility
Location and Design
2.5 Smart Growth
2.1 Trip Generation

Handbook
2.2 Traditional
Neighborhood
Development
2.3 Design and Safety
of Pedestrian Facilities
2.4 Traffic Access and
Impact Studies
Recommended
Practice
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Experience < 2 yrs. (5)

No
Update N/A
Update
11
17
30
33
33
30
32
29
30
29
29
30
26
27
30
Experience 3 to 5 yrs. (33)

No
Update
N/A
Update
10
11
11
14
14
14
11
17
13
10
17
No Update
11
12
11
35
Update
36
44
43
41
42
42
36
37
38
29
27
32
39
N/A
Table B-3. Update Need by Years of Respondent Experience
17
10
14
14
15
19
17
28
10
29
33
25
26
12
20
12
12
14
26
15
12
59
Update
74
85
81
75
77
76
78
72
66
84
48
55
67
16
N/A

No Update
24
21
27
19
23
26
26
37
43
42
38
40
39
33
24
20
27
17
31
24
13
22
23
10
30
23
27
69
Update
72
79
66
84
66
70
81
61
54
68
52
57
54
16
N/A
Experience > 20 yrs. (120)

No Update
Table B-4. Years of Experience for Those Recommending New RPs

Experience
Additional ITE RP Topic
< 2 yrs.
3 to 5 yrs.
6 to 10 yrs.
10
11 to 20 yrs.
20
> 20 yrs.
16
Table B-5. Tally of New RP Topics

Suggested Topics
Times
Suggested
Bus/Rail Interfacing
Dynamic Message Signs
Ethics
Incident Management
ITS Components
ITS Systems
Parking Studies/Generation
Public Outreach
Red-Light Running Cameras
Removal of Pavement Markings
Roadside Safety Audits
Roundabouts
Strategic Transportation Plans
Toll Facility Operations and Design
Traffic Calming
Traffic Operations Centers
Traffic Signal Programming/Phasing
Transit Priority on Urban Streets
Travel Demand Forecasting
Travel Studies
Urban LRT in City Streets
Vehicle Stacking
Warrants for Adult Crossing Guard/School Zone
Review of ITE RPs
42
12/1/03

Review of ITE Recommended Parctice

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Review of ITE Recommended Parctice

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REVIEW OF

ITE RECOMMENDED PRACTICES

Review of ITE RPs

There is widespread need for each specific RP.

adequate and should be retained as is,

Review of ITE RPs

3. Freeway Entrance Ramp Displays (1976);

could replace the existing ITE RP,

Review of ITE RPs

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO),

Review of ITE RPs

Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP),

Review of ITE RPs

Review of ITE RPs

Design and Safety

Planning and Implementing Pedestrian Facilities in

Part I: Guidelines for the Selections of Supplemental

Presents proposed guidelines for the traffic engineer

RP could be enhanced to include more

2001 TENC recommended that no action be

ITE should make revisions (if no revisions

2001 TENC review panel recommended:

Table 1. List of Recommended Practices Summary Table

Review of ITE RPs

Task Force (chair:

Recommends guidelines for governmental

Various state design manuals and guidelines

Freeway Management Handbook, FHWA, FHWASA-97-064, 1997.

Provides a recommended practice for freeway

Creating Walkable CommunitiesA Guide for Local

Designing Sidewalks and Trails for AccessPart I of

RP covers an outdated issue; issue could

Variety of information and detail can be

RP is out of date and not compliant with

Table 1. List of Recommended Practices Summary Table

Review of ITE RPs

Guidelines for HighOccupancy Vehicle

HOV Systems Manual, NCHRP Report 413 and 414,

Access Management Manual, TRB, 2003.

Establishes guidelines for location and design of

Comprehensive; superceded by subsequent

Publication expected in 2004

Current RP is superceded by many

Specific manuals not reviewed in detail

Includes case studies

New IR on driveway design is underway;

TENC formed a new committee chaired by

Table 1. List of Recommended Practices Summary Table

Review of ITE RPs

None yet found

RP could be influenced by publication of

Good parking structure sketches and other

Could be appendix information for RP

NPA documents provide similar

Parking Council is responsible for this RP.

Guide for the Design of Park-and-Ride Facilities,

Essentially an update of the Location and Design

Table 1. List of Recommended Practices Summary Table

Review of ITE RPs

Guidelines for Urban

Guidelines for the

A Policy of Geometric Design of Highways and

Towards a North American Geometric Design

Residential Streets, 3 Edition, ULI, NAHB, ASCE,