Assignment 3

Drive the ABCD Constants for an Unsymmetrical

Network
Student Id : EE141023

12/11/2016

Contents
1

Transmission Lines

1.1

Short Transmission Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.2

Medium Transmission Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.3

Long Transmission Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Medium Transmission Line ( Model)

2.1

Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ABCD Constants Parameter

Generalized Circuit Constants

Transmission Lines

Transmission lines are through out from the power generating station. the power generate in 11KV we
transmit the 11KV using transmission line to the grid station,the sub station step up the voltage level up
to 220KV and 500KV.these high voltage transmit from sub station to grid station we use the transmission
lines. There are three types of transmission lines

1.1

Short Transmission Line

Short transmission line is a line who has on cover the distance is only 100km or less,the total 50Hz shunt
admittance (JCl) is small enough to be negligible resulting in the siple equivalent circuit.

1.2

Medium Transmission Line

The transmission line having its effective length more than 80 km but less than 250 km is generally
referred to as a medium transmission line. Due to the line length being considerably high, admittance Y
of the network does play a role in calculating the effective circuit parameters, unlike in the case of short
transmission line. For this reason the modeling of a medium length transmission line is done using lumped
shun admittance along with the lumped impedance in series to the circuit. These lumped parameters of a
medium length transmissio line can b represented using three different models, namely1. T Model
2. Model
we drive the ABCD constant only Model of an unsymmetrical

1.3

Long Transmission Line

The long transmission line its effective length in more than 250 km, the fact that the parameters of a line
are not lumped but distributed uniformally throughout its length, must be considered.

Assignment 3

M.AHMAD

Medium Transmission Line ( Model)

we discuss medium transmission line in above. 1 lets now go into the detailed discussion of the Model
ABCD Constant Parameters.

2.1

Model

In case of model, the lumped series impedance is placed at the middle of the circuit where as the shunt
admittances are at the ends. the total line capacitance is divided into two equal parts which are lumped at
the sending-end & receiving-end resulting in the nominal- representation as show in the figure No. 1

Figure 1: Nominal Network of Medium Transmission line

As we can see here.....
V S is the supply voltage
VR is the receiving end voltage.
I S is the current flowing the supply end.
I R is the current flowing through the receiving end the circuit.
I 1 and I 3 are the values of currents flowing through the admittances.
I 2 is the current through the impedance Z.
Now applying KCL, at node P we get.
IS = I1 + I2

(1)

I2 = I3 + IR

(2)

Similarly applying KCL, to node Q.

Now substituting equation (2) to equation (1)

IS = I1 + I3 + IR

Assignment 3

M.AHMAD

(3)

= Y1 VS + Y2 VR + IR

Now by apply KVL to the circuit,

VS = VR + ZI2
I2 = Y2 VR + IR
VS = VR + Z(VR Y2 + IR )
(4)

VS = (1 + ZY2 )VR + ZIR

we know that
IS = Y1 VS + Y2 VR + IR
Now substituting equation (4) to equation (3), we get.
IS = Y1 [(1 + ZY2 )VR + ZIR ] + Y2 VR + IR
IS = Y1 VR + Y1 .Y2 ZVR + Y1 ZIR + Y2 VR + IR

(5)

IS = VR (Y2 + Y1 + Y1 .Y2 Z) + IR (1 + ZY1 )

Comparing equation (4) and (5) with the standard ABCD parameters equations
VS = AVR + BIR
IS = CVR + DIR
We can further simplify these equations as:
A = (1 + ZY2 )
B = Z
C = (Y2 + Y1 + Y1 .Y2 Z)
D = (1 + ZY1 )
ABCD are generalized circuit constants.
The relationship between the sending-end & the receiving-end parameters is

ABCD Constants Parameter

"

VS
IS

"

VS
IS

Assignment 3

"
=

"
=

A B
C D

(1 + ZY2 )

"
=

VR

IR
Z

(Y2 + Y1 + Y1 .Y2 Z) (1 + ZY1 )

"
=

VR

IR

M.AHMAD

Generalized Circuit Constants

Now im show that AD - BC = 1 is true or not let see...
LHS = RHS
AD BC = 1
(1 + ZY2 ).(1 + ZY1 ) (Y2 + Y1 + Y1 .Y2 Z).Z = 1
1 + ZY1 + ZY2 + ZY2 .Y 1 ZY2 ZY1 = 1
1=1
so
LHS = RHS

Assignment 3

M.AHMAD