I.
VI. Korelasi/Asosiasi
1. Koefisien Kontingensi
2. Sperman Rank Order
3. Kendal Ta ()
4. Koefisien Gamma
STATISTIK NONPARAMETRIK
A. Pendahuluan
Uji statistik nonparametrik ialah suatu uji statistik yang tidak
memerlukan adanya asumsi-asumsi mengenai sebaran data
populasinya (belum diketahui sebaran datanya dan tidak perlu
2
i 1
(Oi E i ) 2
Ei
dengan keterangan:
Oi
= banyaknya kasus yang diamati dalam kategori i.
Ei
i 1
(Oi E i ) 2
perlu dibuat
Ei
kolom ((O-E)^2)/E.
Tabel 1. Uji Statistik Nonparametrik Data dari Sampel Tunggal
dengan Chi-Kuadrat
((OKategori
O
E
E)^2)/E
Sangat
3
2
Rendah
0.500
Rendah
7
8
0.125
Sedang
8
10
0.400
Tinggi
8
8
0.000
Sangat Tinggi
4
2
2.000
Total
30
30
3.025
i 1 j 1
(Oij E ij ) 2
E ij
dengan keterangan:
Oij
= jumlah kasus yang diobservasi dalam baris ke i pada kolom
ke j
E ij
= jumlah kasus yang diharapkan dalam baris ke i pada kolom
ke j
r
i 1 j 1
(O)
( Oi E i ) 2
perlu dibuat kolom ((O-E)^2)/E.
Ei
menghitung
Persiapan PT
Umum
7.2
7
18.
2
3
1
II
((O
E)^
2)/
E
34.
04
3.0
30.
32
77.
40
75
III
((OE)^
2)/E
3.0
9
0.0
38.
01
97.
16
10
IV
((O
E)
^2
)/E
12.
74
1.0
5.4
0
13.
2
1
((OE)^
2)/E
2.1
4
0.0
Total
O
81
207
58
9.1
5
Perdagan
gan
Total
9
7.2
6
44.
40
1
3
5
49
38.
18
31
14
6
8
1.3
5
4.5
2
13
47.
86
7
60
18
3
0
3.0
8
16.
82
80
6.8
0
4
1
0
2
6
0
1.5
1
3.6
5
102
390
k (k 1) k G j ( G j )
j 1
j 1
i 1
i 1
k Li Li
dengan keterangan:
Gj
= jumlah keseluruhan sukses dalam kolom ke j
Li
Wawancar Wawancar
a1
a2
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
Wawanca
ra 3
1
1
1
0
0
1
Li1
Li2
1
2
3
2
1
2
1
4
9
4
1
4
7
8
9
10
1
1
0
0
G1
=
1
0
0
0
G2
=
1
1
0
1
G3
=
3
2
0
1
10
Li 1
7
i 1
9
4
0
1
10
L
i 1
2
i
37
Q = 0.180
db = k 1 = 2
= 0.05
Q tabel ( 2 tabel) = 5.99.
Q hitung < Q tabel -> Ho diterima.
dimana
2
i 1 j 1
(Oij E ij ) 2
E ij
69.39
= 0.39.
390 69.39
Sumber:
Siegel, S. (1988). Statistik nonparametrik untuk ilmu-ilmu sosial.
Jakarta: Gramedia.
Alabama University. CHS 627: Multivariate Methods in Health
Statistics. Choosing the correct statistical test. Diambil pada
tanggal 18 Juli 2010, dari
http://bama.ua.edu/~jleeper/627/choosestat.html.
Lampiran:
Type
Number
Number
Type
of
of
of
of
Dependen
Dependen Independent
Independe
t
t*
**
nt
Variable(s
Variables
Variables
Variable(s)
)
1
continuou
s normal
0
(1
population)
continuo
us nonnot
normal applicable
(none)
categoric
al
normal
1
(2
independent
populations)
nonnormal
Measure
Test(s)
mean
onesample ttest
median
onesample
median
Chi
Square
proportio goodnessns
of-fit,
binomial
test
mean
2
medians
categories
categoric
al
proportio
ns
2
independe
nt sample
t-test
Mann
Whitney,
Wilcoxon
rank sum
test
Chi square
test
Fisher's
Exact test
paired t0
normal
means
test
(1 population
measured
not
Wilcoxon
nontwice)
applicable/ medians
signed
normal
or
ranks test
1
categorical
McNemar,
categoric
proportio
(2 matched
Chi-square
al
ns
populations)
test
1
(3 or more
normal
categorical
means
one-way
ANOVA
populations)
nonnormal
medians
categoric
al
normal
2 or more
(e.g., 2-way
ANOVA)
0
(1 population
measured
3 or more
times)
nonnormal
categorical
categoric
al
normal
not
applicable
means
Factorial
ANOVA
medians
Friedman
test
proportion
s
log-linear,
logistic
regression
means
Repeated
measures
ANOVA
normal
continuous
1
categorical or
continuous
logistic
regression
continuous
discrimina
nt analysis
2 or more
multiple
linear
regression
normal
nonnormal
categoric
al
normal
correlation
simple
linear
regression
nonparametric
correlation
nonnormal
categoric
al
Kruskal
Wallis
continuous
logistic
regression
mixed categorical and Analysis of
continuous
Covariance
General
Linear
Models
(regression
)
nonnormal
categoric
al
2
2 or more
normal
logistic
regression
categorical
MANOVA
2 or more
2 or more
normal
continuous
multivariat
e multiple
linear
regression
2 sets of
2 or more
normal
not applicable
canonical
correlation
2 or more
normal
not applicable
factor
analysis