\u25a0>.
OPERATION No.
GSf-fflificatioßt,
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-changed to' I
¥ »—•.»£. ""-'if
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S9 Jm 1945
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*^^^^^/ By authcffi^^^^
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH AIR FORCE CGP Sights Mr Farce
APO 634 ". Initials *?<W•
J,iiJ.UJ.tVJ.W
•
\u25a0 # V #
Date £7^ff¥X
COPY >10p
HEPP f^ 3p p p
a if
<p MISSION
1. UNITED KINGDOM TG, RUSSIA
2« RUSSIA TO ITALY
m
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH AIR FORCE CG, Eighth Air Forpe
APO 634 &&f«?.54 •*
Initials
Datte*?4*s'f*<
27 December, 1944 .
~~
COPY NO. 51
1* PUNNING, %
• Eighth
a. Instructed by the Commanding General, USSTAF, that the first
Ail Force shuttle ]?ombing mission from bases in the United Kingdom
1
2. EXECUTION,
a, Take-Off end Assembly. *
(1) In spite of a low ceiling end somewhat limited' visibili
ties on the ground, toke^offs were executed without incident. No difficul
ty was experienced in accomplishing Group and Combat Wing forme tions al
though assembly routes end times rrere cut short of those employed for
normal operations in order to conserve fuel for the long mission ahead. The
three Combrt VJings assembled according to schedule met departure from the
English coast was at the planned time, A total of L47 B-17!s were dis
patched on the operation.
« .
b on •
Penet rati
(1) The briefed route across the North See wra floT.m over
a solid overcast but no high or middle cloud was encountered end the force
maintained good formation r.s it climbed to the planned bombing altitude of
20,000. feet* One Combat VJing me do landfall et Cuxheven, slightly north of
the briefed point (midway between Cuxhaven and B-remerhaven to avoid ,the
enti-firerrft defenses at theso two places), end some battle damage was
caused by moderate and accurate enti-aircraft fire encountered there. The
overland penetration course wes followed with very minor deviations and
the loading Combat Uing rerched the Initial Point at 'the briefed time, , the
other two arriving et intervals only slightly greater then the planned two
minutes.
(2) The two F-4-7 Groups rendezvoused as planned shortly be
fore the force crossed the German cor st, breaking escort in the vicinity
of stendel after the arrive.! of the P-51 Group detailed for last phase
# penetration and target support.
(3) Neither bombers nor escorting fighters observed any
enemy aircraft. In addition to the anti-air err ft fire encountered at Cux
heven, inaccurate' fire wos received from the Brandenburg defenses*
c. Target Area.
\u25a0n.
3
•
for a distance of approximately 425 miles, leaving the force in the vicinity
of the Polish-Russian border after 2k hours of close escort* The course to
the Er stern Command base at piryatin was without incident, the fighters fly**
ing' over Russian territory at low altitude (3000 feet) as briefed*
(3) Approximately 50 miles southeast of Brest-Jjitovsk
20 to 30 single*engine enemy fighters attempted 1 to intercept the force Two
attacks, one directed against the trailing Combat Wing and the other against
.
the leading Combat Vling, were attempted almost simultaneously » Escorting '
fighters maneuvered quickly to disperse the two formations and only a small
number of aircraft succeeded in pressing home their attacks* The P-51 !s
claimed six enemy aircraft destroyed and three damaged for the loss of one
friendly fighter. The .bombers claimed two enemy aircreft destroyed end one
probably destroyed.
(4.) Moderate and accurate anti-aircraft fire vies en
countered south of Biala, . Poland.
c* Losses.
(1) One B-17 was. lost on the operation, but whether -as a
result of attacks
'
by enemy aircraft or anti-aircraft fire is not knoYm* Jt
is probable that both were contributing factors*
(2) The p*sl lost in aerial combat r/rs the only loss
sustained by the fighters which lr.nded in. Russia. In the three Groups which
furnished penetration and target support, one P*47 was lost while executing
a strafing attack*
~ 3
*
was killed and one seriously wounded j several others suffered minor in
• juries.
2. EXECUTION.
a. Take -Off and Assembly*
(1) On the basis of preliminary weather reports it was de
cided to attack the objective at Drohobez on 25 June. Aircraft were flown
from dispersal bases to Poltava and Mirgorod shortly after daybreak for
servicing and crew briefing but a late revision of the forecast indicated
unfavorable conditions and necessitated the postponement of the operation*
Bombs were thereupon unloaded and 400 gallons of gasoline drained from each
aircraft. £11 operational bombers were dispatched to the dispersal fields
during the late afternoon. Instructions were issued to return to Poltava
and Mirgorod tlie following morning, 26 June, favorable weather conditions
• for the execution of the mission against the same target having been fore
cast.
(2) Aircraft were serviced on schedule on the morning of
26 June and the Combat T/ing took off from the two bases at Poltava and
Mirgorod as planned. Of the ?2 B-17*s participating, approximately one-half
were dispatched from each base. Group assemblies (23-24 aircraft in each
of the three Groups) were effected without incident and the Combat I7ing was
formed over J,lirgorod« Scattered cloud made it necessary to assemble at
12,000 feet rather than the planned altitude of 9000 feet. Departure from \u2666
b# Penetration*
(1) The westerly route to the InitialPoint northeast of
the target was florm slightly north of course. As a result of more favor
able winds than predicted, the bombers flew slightly ahead of schedule and
* .
tho P-51 Group (f>s aircraft) effected rendezvous northeast of Drohobez a
short time later than planned
(2) No enemy aircraft were encountered by the bomber or the
fighter Group formations. One P-51, which was forced to return to base to
replace an external fuol tank which had dropped shortly after tekg-off and
which was on route to rejoin the Group, was attacked by several Me~lo9 !s«
The encounter wes r/ithout consequence and the P-51 subsequently Joined the
rear P-51 Squadron.
(3) Meager and accurate ant i~aircraft fire was encountered
by the bombers in the vicinity of the- Russian-German battle line* At Brody
and Jjy/ow bursts wore observed out of range.
c. Target Area..
(1) Excellent v/eather conditions for visual bombing were en^
countered in the target area. Groups uncovered at the InitialPoint as
planned and all aircraft attacked the primary target^ seventy-one B-17 r s
of the 72 dispatched, one having been forced to return to base as a result
of mechanical failuro, dropped 139*6 tons HE. Time over target was 15 minutes
early; bombing altitude ranged between 20,000 and 21,000 feet.
(2) Photographs obtained by the Mediterranean Allied Photo
Reconnaissance Wing indicate that both the refinery and an adjoining marshal
ling yard suffered considerable damage. A"k "the former, 15 large and 5 small
er storage tanks wore destroyed and others damaged. Two unidentified build
ings wore severely damag©*| |&Hcfes oil plant were
5
slightly damaged. The boiler house j&J&i^fews&{jjjfi blast damage* Two
buildings which are believed to house a -wax treating plant and two others
in that area were severely damaged. Rail sidings serving the refinery
were out in at lesst four places. In the marshalling yards the engine round
house was seriously affected and two probable repair shops and c warehouse
destroyed. The main passenger station and unidentified buildings sustained
heavy damage.
(3) No enemy aircraft were reported in the target area .
.
Anti-aircraft
accurate
fire was described ac meager to moderate and generally in
d. Withdrawal,
(1) The Combat Wing reformed as planned at the Rally Point
and the southwesterly route to Foggs,a was flown with only minor departures
from course. The three Groups landed at different bases in the area sub
stantially on schedule.
(2) The Eighth Air Force P-51 Group furnished close escort \
to a point approximately 50 miles from the coast of Yugoslavia. The
• Fifteenth Air Force F<*sl Group effected rendezvous as planned about an hour
after the bombers left the target and continued with the formation to Italy.
(3) No enemy aircraft were encountered jduring the withdrawal*
Non-effective enti-aircraft fire we s reported at Novi-Sad, Yugoslavia.
(4.) Neither the bombers nor fighters sustained any losses.
OPERATIONS IN CONJUNCTION HITH FIFTEENTH AIR FORCE
It ?/as planned to return to. bases in England on 27 June or as soon
thereafter as weather conditions permitted, but unfavorable forecasts delayed
the flight until s .July. During this period the 8~17 f s participated in one
mission and the P-51 !s in two missions in conjunction with the Fifteenth
Air Force.
1. MISSION OF 2 JULY.
a. On this date the P«*sl Group was employed in conjunction with
fighters of the Fifteenth Air Force to support an attack by heavy bombers
m of that command on objectives in the Budapest area* The Eighth Air Force
P-51*s were to precede the bombers and conduct a free-lance sweep in the
target area.
2* MISSION OF 3 JUIY.
a* On this date the B-17 Combat Wing, escorted by the P-51 Group,
operated in conjunction with the Fifteenth J\ir Force against the marshalling
yards at Arad* Roumania, Plans for the mission were made by that command.
«p mSW
tm Q
\
target and reported that ground defenses in action en route were out of
ranges
d. All Eighth Air Force aircraft returned safely, from the opera
tion.
TALI TO TOTED KINGDCH, 5 JULY 19.
1* PLMING,
a. On the basis of a frvorable weather forecast for the Medi
terranean area an operation against targets in southern France in oonjunc*
tion with the" Fifteenth Air Force :/as planned for 5 July* It was predicted
\u25a0
•
that conditions would be unsatisfactory to proceed from the target area to
England and the original plan provided for the Eighth Air Force bombers and
fighters to return to bases in Italy. At 0230 hours on 5 July a revised,
forecast was received and plsns were chenged to provide for the return of
Eighth Air Force units to England rather than to return to Italy.
b. The target for the Eighth Air Force bombers was the marshalling
yard at Beziers, France. Fifteenth Air Force units rrere to attack five
objectives in the same general area. Both the route to Beziers, located
several miles from the southern coast, end that to be followed on the with
drawal to Beachy Heed were essentially direct. The returning P-51 Group
was scheduled to rendezvous south of Marseille and furnish support through
the target area. Two U»I£» based P-51 Groups were to meet the force at the
target and escort to the limit of endurance with two P*4<7 Groups scheduled
to cover the final phase of the withdrawal.
2. EXECUTION.
a. Take-Off and Assembly.
(1) Group and Combat Wing assemblies were accomplished as
planned and the fore© begsn the mission on schedule. Seventy Eighth Air
b. penetration.
at Toulon, Marseille and Sete rrore observed in.action but all fire was out,
of range.
c. Target Area*
(1) Weather at Boziors was excellent for visual bombing with
i
nil to 2/10 -cumulus reported but units of the Fifteenth Air Force had
attacked the marshalling yards as a target of opportunity approximately 10
minutes before and the target was largely obscured by smoke. Time of attack
by the low Group was essentially as planned but the lead and high Groups
made second bombing runs and released somewhat later than scheduled* Bombing
V
• defenses.
course to
d # Withdrawal.
(1) There were no important deviations from the planned
England but the Oorabat Wing made landfall at Beachy Head approxi
mately 30 minutes behind schedule as a result of the additional time in
volved in making second bombing runs and reforming.
(Z) Fighter cover to England was executed according to
plan. The p«*sl Groups continued escort for awhile after the two ?~/fl .
Groups covering tho final stage of the vdthdrawal effected rendezvous. One
of the latter left the bombers south of Rouen while the other continued to
mid-channel. »
• anti-aircraft fire and the p?*sl Group returning from Italy also continued
to home bases without incident. Both of the other P-51 Groups and the two
P-4.7 Groups took part in engagements with a large number of Me -109 's and
FW-190*s in the Dreux-Evrcux area rrhich vrcro apparently forming for attacks
on Allied bcachhoad positions. Claims re suiting from aerial combat were
19 destroyed, 1probably destroyed and 8 damaged. Two P*4-7 !s were lost in
the engagement.
c. Losses.
(1) None of the Eighth Air Force aircraft dispatched from
Italy sustained any losses* Of tho 70 bombers dispatched, all completed
the operation « Eight of tho 50 fighters dispatched were forced to return
to Italy5 4-2 landed safely in England.
WSEfISR Bf TODl},
Brig. Gen., USA,
- 9
-
•
ft
I.2?A.?AJJQ&PILA oyi9JL
This report covers all damage to this target from 1730 B hours on
23 May 1944 to 1300 3 hours on 7 July 1944 and includes the attack by
Previous Reports
•
Report No, K~2j04 dated
j3tn tcincnt
30 June 1944*
There ir; extensive damage in all parts of the plant including the Re
finery. Ijver7 import^nb unit has ';0..:-i nit \/ith severe damage to gas
generators, contact ovens, and grr.:holdors» In -ddition the goc puri
fic-tion facilities m& the po:;er plant hrve suffered a,dditional daraa.ge.
Four of the five distillation unite in the refinery have been damaged,
none severely; and loading facilities, oil storage, -nd shops have been
hit* In addition, offices and storage facilities have suffered serious
n;A7 damage and steam pipes and rail-Try;;; have been disrupted throughout
the; plant,
The v/orks shoTis practically no evidence of activs.ty other than for re
pairs md it s cms that no production is taking place. Most of the
damage is still unre paired , and no significant amount of production is to
be expected before the and of the month.
Repairs -to the contact oven house have made a. little progress, but there
is no trace of productive activity of these or in the refinery.
DETAILS OF D/.11'..GE
(Numbers refer to accompanying Illustration l(a)(iii) 29/5.)
No. Na Condition rv> of Condition on
7 July 1944,
1. WiiTCcrshall-Schmal- Undrjna.«ed Conveyor damaged
fold Gas Plant
Unidentified structure Almost completely
(S. of No, 1) Undamaged
Uii' destroyed
- - 1
r, GLir.ll section of
roof dentroye-d.
Kopper s generators
hrve herv^; roof
\u25a0\u25a0•;ith
pipes
dnr-ia^c
c d t\ /isted •
ass cribli
Chinnoy hr.s top lialf
destroyed. Steam pipes
.
dovrn in sections of the
plant
•
(S. of No, 2)
2 Gasholders
(N. of No. 2)
Severely damaged..
Gi'iv.ll building beside
then dana^cd.
Completely destroyed.
building heavily
damaged.
si
K-2604
No • Name J (Mfc4jfen on
H.£m..33M !LJh£sll2&L
4.. Low Pressure Contact 2 cases of roof Heavy roof damage
Oven House damage repaired, approximately 1/3
1 unrepaired, of roof destroyed.
.
ly rebuilt, tank
•
Works! iop
(S-W. of l-o. 5)
Undamaged •
repaired
sized
storage cylinders
and pipe assembly
next to shop.
,
.
Gas Washing Facilities
(S~Y T of No, 5)
Undrjnr.^cd* Building de stroyed
storage cylinder©
and pipe' assembly
damaged.
Workshop
UndCiM1ged • l/3destroyed.
(H-E. of !!o. 5)
2 Email buildings
(E. of Ho. 5)
Un&ruiic.;^cd -
1 destroyed,
1 1/2 destroyed.
(N-Eo of No. 9)
Wing of shop
clostroved Shod
da.ma.god ,
. No change.
house.
11.
Plant .
Gas Purification 1 damaged tank
repaired.
Damage to structure
between the H2S removal
to\;crs •
rent
'"™"< *
rrr*
V- *«aiS
yiii'Ittt
K-2604
No. Name
_ C')ji'"J.t" "i nc >£ Condition on
7 Jiilx.23l^
JuJLluPiLfc'ii^tiij IIIJ
12. Catalyst Plant 1 email shod Shed •
unrepaired
partially Large settling tank
dostroyxl lias l/?. of cover
destroyed.
• 1 sm ?ll
ing
paired
c build-
d^nc^cd.
small dnnafjed
buil'lin^ re-
•
1
slightly damaged. 1
destroyed building
rebuilt, end a
damaged building re
Dcired,
•
severely damoged, 1
control building heavi
ly damo.ged, r-nd one
l/4
.
bank of run-tlo\m tanlns
demaged 1 i/orkahop
destroyed. Blast
vjnll destroyed by
a small building
16, Oil Store go r'o cl' i'ar. \u25a0:• o • Largo reetuxingiilar
.
tank sorious roof
drir-ir ge Houso has
end damaged, unidonti-
fied building lias corner
:cnockcd off, loading
slicd 2/3 destroyed,
and 1/2 blast wall
around a large tank
destroyed •
l! f j«,
' t;
r \u25a0 '•
ys|
i
mU h"' 1 Il^owors £"or contact
5
• .
Oil Storage
(ll-rT ox No. Vis)
:':-Jo ilanr.Q'c. Blast rail approxi
mately l/5destroyed,
notroloum drums
scattered •
Railwry Repair Largo hole in llcr.Tj dnmagc T/ith
Shop (N. of No. 10) roof repaired* 3./3 of roof gone.
•
destroyed.
"!Q
toiler Jiouso 1 cr-'jHt.. of sliglit 1Ifrgo Tdng severely
roof d' •lago v/itli damaged. Hole in roof
tvo r;p'O"6s re- of other i/ing. Roof
r '.2XCO.r
r'.2XC0. of conveyor dejnagod
md choc! u.^mr^od*
Cooling To\jurs
Pniiro-ioufjo (S"E
mo. fjvvj-l cool-ing l/3o:C rooi' of
o:" toiA,r retired, piin;oho>.iGo docorovod,
19) rc/'airfj imilor 2 lr.rr;o cooling tov/crE
yry on Ti'iTohousc , covertly drmgod.
Office Building
(S-E of No. 19)
io dcLir <"\u25a0
1/3 dor^rojod
» 21 Juno, 1944
NumlDer of i^irorrft Attacking: 123
Tone: of Bonbc Dropped: 200*7 H,E«
26.3 1.8.
RUHLAND Synthetic Oil Plant
'^
*
1
-s
•,
&
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HEADQUARTERS El(f%#S]^ if©XC© ~>
apo Mr h \ <
J^ST£r?^^l9J±, i^2S^.Ji£^i^liJ^2.
There is a good concentration of craters on the target. Heavy damage or
3« Possible blast d^iiago to boiler house, end a snail shod on its west
side has been gutted.
Lm . Slight damage to northeast corner crude oil plant.
5» Severe damage to two unidentified buildings orst of distillations
units.
6» Damrtgod find destroyed storage ta: ,i
West of the :..i/l the extonnive ASTRA KNGI/T2EPJNG "IORKS has been almost
devf?.stc ';qC,
2, Tracks are tr-;cin cut nor.r t-.\o o-oonth noc': and intozTAittentl;/ through-
t out the main jvl/3 md r.;idi".' :;:;\u2666 ,Approrrim.'.: toly %) pieces of mixed
r
1
rolling stock have been der.:troy< dor dt'FiE^Gd. Some craters are
beinrj filled.
14- • Eastern corner of plant devf sU iwl, including; ntinorous small uni
dcntificd buildincjTjj.
lh jL(sp^^' rj-^ p fo.u:idi\/ almost destroyed, medium
(
-
1 *.
X
H
*
D,li» 129
fIBHHHF U^Blj^sl't^^^^
15. Woodwor 1 : shop heavily drmr :;od .- :ad ;-.;boc?: pilou in timber ynrd
ncattorr.d by direct liita#
> 16. There is hoo/vy ckunr^c in the toy.1:), rioi-ibn ;nd :>oot of tiic \u25a0yY.
3 July, 1944
?Jmnber of Eighth' Air Force Aircraft Attacking: 5^
P^roy igi
onal £tat cmo-nt _ i^/^^Drunri^G
The target hrs been affected principally in the central rind eastern
portions involving v/agon and locomotive repair facilities, a. prob- bio
transformer station, extensive disruption of tracks, rolling stock, and
probable injury to the catenary system covering the yard*
Locomotive Depot
-
large shop vith one -fourth roof s oripped v;ith several
snail -holos clruj-jhoro. Another larger shop liao slight roof damage to
east wing and. a gutted lca.n«to on th northuest corner. Long died to
the cast destroyed*
'
agon Workshops - Roof half striked
on five bay shop* Of tvo single
bay chops adjacent, one ie gutter! and one donolisbod • Of five .small
buildings in the area, throe are severely damaged ml t- o moderately f
damaged •
Termi_na_l _JV-,.. cilit
Ie s
West Goods Depot
- Slight roof damage to centra], portion of warehouse*
\
East Goods Depot- Roof of warehouse
Ma£s^allin^ Jy£s&
Eastern sorting sidings
-
at lea;..t 60 crater;: are visible in the un
obscured >.:c;st portion of the sidings, md an explosion of undetermined
origin ±i seen to hr.vo occurred bot-.;eon the or st goodo depot and the
wagon ahopo.
-
Throu^^RujinjL^
Millau one-half of flyover destroyed. Ten hits on emban'xient within
-
and north of yard.
Scte
iforbonne
-
obscured by cloud*
no damage*
-
1 -
'*""*? "^~^v
ETi^J^X-jyi^llt
Ji£-Jlr \u25a0•££££.
%
Large Industrie !estcblishmont on southwest edge of yard. Roof lights
1
Thirteen snail storage "banks on soutlTtfcrjt edge of jT.rd» Direct hit lies
destroyed several tanks and toppled reuaindor. Snir.ll buildings destroyed
and trio adjacent buildings danagud.
™
3EZIERS MARffIALLINGI/ißD^| pm/ F ?*"?*•< Jl W*m*
5 jtjli, 194 A VLUlßiftau^jiJij iLU
iluinbor of Eighth Air Force .'.ircr-'ft Attacking: 70.
2
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH AIR FORCE
APO 634
ENGLAND TO RUSSIA, 21 JUNE, 1944 (EIGHTH AIR FORCE OPERATION NO. 428)
,
TARGET: OIL REFINERY RUHLAND, GERMANY
388 A 063 9 Mm, 19,950 1030 % 136x500 HE 1 16
96A 060 2 Mm. 21,080 1030 X 157x500 HE 1 19
95A 076 2 Mm« 19,995 1035 X 84x500 HE 1 11
240
TO ITALY
13 Mm.
I
26 JUNE, 1944
21,200
TARGET
OIL REFINERY
1606 X
DROHOBEZ, POLAND
439x250 HE 1 26
95 Comp. 242 10 Mm* 21,650 1606 X 368x250 HE 1 22
100 241
241 3 Mm. 20,300 1607 X 272x250 HE 1 16
4 $R7 [i
!^ \u25a0>^ i
21 JUNE
-
SHUTTLE BOMBING MISSION
5 JULY, 19>
SUMMER! OF OPERATIONS
EHGL/^ID TO RUSSIA
- 21 JIME, 1944
(EIGHTH AIR FORCE OPERATION NO. 428)
-
• Nimber A/C Dispatched
TARGET OIL REFINERY
RUHLAIO,
147
GERMANY
Number Sorties U6
Attack, pri. •123
Attack, T.O. (Elsten7erda) 21
Attack. T.O, (Rissa) 1
Bombs on Target
Pri. (HE)
T»0. (Elsterwerda)
• T.O. (Rissa)
Prob,
SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS
RUSSIA TO ITALY
- 26 JUNE, 1944
TARGET
OIL REFINERY
DROHOBEZ^ POLAND
•
/
a juiffi
-
5 JULY. 19U
i
StiaiAßl OF OPER/.TIONS
TARGET
- MARSHALLING YARDS
ARAD, ROUMAKIA
Number Sorties
Attack. Pri.
Bombs on Target
Pri. (HE)
#
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH AIR
'
FORCE
APO 634
SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS
ITALY TO ENGLAND
- 5 JULY, 1944
TARGET
- MARSHALLING YARDS
BEZIERS. FRANCE
Casualties
e/A Encounters
#
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH AIR EQBCiEL .
apo 634. .\u25a0• pi.; ;
'
_ "
___ -_
21 JUNE
-
SHUTTLE BOMBING MISSION
5 JULY, 1944
\
m 70 65 65 1
-
0 2 6-0-3 1 0
45 a % 6 0
# i
CLOSE ESCORT
- 3 "JULY
39 38 31 0 0
ITALY TO ENGLAND
- 5 JULY (CLOSE ESCORT)
50 4B 45 0 0
ITALY TO EiJGLAM)
- 6 JULY (JOINING GROUP)
10 10 10 0 0 0 0-0-0 0 0
/
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH AIR FORCE
APO 634
'
SHUTTLE BOMBING MISSION ti jf*[j'
21 June
-
5 JULY, 194/.
COMP. X.OR
GROUP TYPE DISP. SOR.
Penetration
MISSION LOSSES
21 June*
56A P-47 36 33 33 0 0
m 568
355
P-47
P-51
37
54
36
46
36
45
1
0
0
56 P-47 48 44 uu i 0
78 P-47 43 46 4-5 0
357 P-51 54 51 50 0 0
i * , , *\u25a0•* J
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* ' '
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