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AROMATIC PETROCHEMICALS

Identification
1. Also known as phenyl ethane and ethylbenzol.
2. Generally produced by chemical conversion of primary petrochemicals to form more
complicated derivative products.
3. By-product from olefins manufacture and its yield and composition are determined
primarily by conditions fixed by the needs of the olefins producer.
4. Produced deliberately from naphtha and, within the technical limits available
5. Currently the most modern commercially licensed aluminum chloride alkylation
technology.
6. Consist of two main sections a catalytic distillation section and a Standard distillation
section.
7. In this section ethylene dissolves into the liquid phase rapidly heat of reaction
creates the vaporization necessary to effect the distillation.
8. Common name for isopropyl benzene, an organic compound that is an aromatic
hydrocarbon.
9. Produced by reacting propylene and benzene over an acid catalyst.
10. Also known as carbolic acid, or phenic acid
11. ____________________ and
12. ___________________ pioneered much of the early research on alkylation and
aluminum chloride catalysis.
13. Combines liquid-liquid extraction with extractive distillation to recover high purity
aromatics from hydrocarbon mixtures.
14. First produced on a commercial scale in the 1930s by Dow Chemical in the United
States and by BASF in the Federal Republic of Germany.
15. Planar, cyclic compounds with conjugated double bonds, consisting of the elements
carbon and hydrogen.
Multiple Choice
1. Reaction temperature of Benzene Akylation
a. 200oC
b. 190oC
c. 600oc
d. 100oC
2. Operating temperature for benzene stripping section
a. 295 -325oC
b. 150 - 190oC
c. 200-210oc
d. 85-100oC
3. The dehydrogenation reaction of ethylebenzene is usually operated at temperatures
above.
a. 200oC
b. 190oC
c. 600oc
d. 100oC
4. Preventing polymerisation during storage is maintained by lowering the
temperatures below:
a. 20oC
b. 19oC
c. 60oc
d. 10oC
5. Catalytic Reforming operating temperature
a. 295 -325oC
b. 150-290oC
c. 180-270oc
d. 525-540oC
6. Converts paraffins to naphthenes
7. Converts isomer paraffins to linear chain paraffins
8. Converts naphthenes to aromatics
9. Converts large hydrocarbons to paraffins

a. Dehydrocyclization
b. Hydrocracking
c. Dehydrogenation. d.
Isomerization
10. Solvent Extraction operating temperature
a. 59-60oC
b. 16-19oC
c. 45-60oc
d. 24-26oC
True or False
1. Aromatic hydrocarbons are known as arenes.
2. Aromatics can be classified as monocyclic and heterocyclic.
3. Benzene was once modeled as prismane.
4. A benzene ring has 3 triple bonds.
5. Basic aromatics are known as BTEX.
6. Toluene has 7 carbon atoms.
7. Benzene is a synthetic component of petroleum.
8. Aromatics are known for their very pleasant aroma.
9. The minimum pressure for catalytic reforming is 3 atm.
10. The minimum temperature for catalytic reforming is 70C.
11. 30% of benzene manufacturing accounts to cumene.
12. Russia is the biggest global consumer of benzene.
13. Benzene increases the risk of cancer and other illnesses, and is also a notorious
cause of bone marrow failure.
14. Because benzene is ubiquitous in gasoline and hydrocarbon fuels are in use
everywhere, human exposure to benzene is a global health problem.
15. Toluene was known as tolyn.
Matching Type:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

He first isolated toluene in 1837.


He isolated toluene from balsam in 1841.
He isolated toluene from wood distillate.
It is the catalyst used for toluene production
A common solvent used in paint thinners.
Greek word which means wood
He isolated xylene from wood tar
It is extracted from catalytic reforming
Principal precursor for PET production
Used as reaction cooler
Planar conjugated compounds
Linear hydrocarbons
Cyclic hydrocarbon from aromatics
Byproduct of olefin for BTX production
Deliberately produced from naphtha

Enumeration:
1-4. Four Major Reactions in Catalytic Reforming
5-7. Three Conformations of Xylene
8-10. Solvents Used in BTX Extraction
11-12. Pioneers of Aromatics Production
13-25. Important Properties of Aromatics

A. Henri Deville
B. Flipp Walter
C. Auguste Cahours
D. Xylol
E. Toluene
F. Aluminum Chloride
G. Patrick Soul
H. Reformate
I. Xylene
J. Paraxylene
K. Naphthene
L. Aromatics
M. Paraffin
N. Naphthalene
O. Pygas

26-29. Raw Material for Phenol Production


30-35. Major Non-BTX Aromatic Hydrocarbons

36-40. Feedstocks in Catalytic Reforming


AROMATICS - ANSWER KEY:
Identification
1. Ethylbenzene
2. Petrochemical Intermediates
3. Pyrolysis Gasoline
4. Reformate
5 Monsato/Lummus technology
6. CDTECH alkylation reactor
7. Catalytic distillation section
8. Cumene
9. Cumene
10. Phenol
11-12. Charles Friedel and James M, Crafts
13. Sulpholane Process
14. Ethylbenzene
15. Aromatics
Multiple Choice
1 B.
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. D
8. C
9. B
10. A
True or False:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

True
True
True
False
False
False
False
True

9. False
10. True
11. True
12. False
13. True
14. True
15. False
Matching Type:
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. F
5. E
6. D
7. C
8. H
9. J
10. I
11. L
12. M
13. K
14. O
15. H
Enumeration:
1. Dehydrocyclization
2. Isomerization
3. Dehydrogenation
4. Hydrocracking
5. Paraxylene
6. Metaxylene
7. Orthoxylene
8. Diethylene Glycol
9. Tetraethylene Glycol
10. Sulfolane
11. James Crafts
12. Charles Friedel
13. Density
14. Melting Point
15. Boiling Point
16. Refractive Index
17. Critical Pressure

18. Critical Temperature


19. Flash Point
20. Ignition Temperature
21. Flammability Limit
22. Heating Value
23. Kinematic Viscosity
24. Surface Tension
25. Specific Heat Capacity
26. Cumene
27. Air
28. Sulfuric Acid
29. Sodium Hydroxide
30. Phenol
31. Bisphenol A

32. Cumene
33. Styrene
34. Ethylbenzene
35. Benzaldehyde
36. Coal Tar
37. Virgin Naphtha
38. Pyrolysis Gasoline
39. Reformed Naphtha
40. Coke Oven Light Oil

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