Auxiliary
memory (also
called physical
memory or external
memory) that stores information over the long term, including after
the computer is turned off. Auxiliary memory corresponds to
magnetic storage devices such as the hard drive, optical storage
devices such as CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs, as well as read-only
memories and Magnetic Tapes.
Memory Cell
Memory Word
Operations
Byte
and Cycle time
IV.
Memory Address
V.
Read and Write
VI.
IV.
I.
Memory Cell:
V. The memory is divided into large number of small parts called cells.
This is device or electrical circuit used to store a single bit. (0 or 1).
VI.
VII.
VIII.IX. X.
1 0
XI.XII.
XIII.
XIV.
0
XV.
XVI.
XVII.
XVIII.
0
XIX.XX.
XXI.
XXII.
1
XXIII.
XXIV.
II.
Memory Word:
XXV.
XXVI.
XXVII.
XXVIII.
XXIX.
XXX.
III.
Byte
XXXI.
This is a special term used for an 8-bit word. In modern digital
computers the word size is usually a multiple of 8-bits such as 2
bytes, 4 bytes, 16 bytes, 32 bytes, 64 bytes, and so on.
XXXII.
IV.
Memory Address
XXXIII.
XXXVI.
XXXVIII.
XL.
XLII.
XLIV.
XLVI.
XLVIII.
L.
A XXXV.
d
d
r
e
s
s
0 XXXVII.
0
0
0 XXXIX.
0
1
0
XLI.
1
0
0
XLIII.
1
1
1
XLV.
0
0
XLVII.
n XLIX.
n
n
Da
ta/
inf
or
ma
tio
n
Wo
rd
0
Wo
rd
1
Wo
rd
2
Wo
rd
3
Wo
rd
4
Wo
rd
n
LI.
V.
LVI.
LVII.
LXII.
Q.
Differentiate/distinguish
following:
between
the
I.
Random Access Memory & Sequential Access Memory
II.
Static Memory devices and dynamic memory devices
LXIII.
I.
Random Access Memory & Sequential Access Memory
LXIV.
Random Access Memory:
LXV.
Random Access memory devices allow stored data to be
accessed in any order. Random refers to the idea that any
piece of data can be returned in a constant time, regardless of its
physical location. In other words the access time is the same for
any address in memory. Its examples are: RAM, Hard disk.
LXVI.
LXVII.
Sequential Access Memory:
LXVIII.
It is the type of memory in which the access time is not
constant but varies depending on the address location.
Sequential memory is read in sequence. A particular stored piece
of data/word/cell is found by going thourgh all address locations
until the desired address is reached. Hence Access time in
sequential memory is much longer as compared to Random
Access memory.
LXIX.
Example of Sequential Access memory is Magnetic tape.