FATIMA MICHAEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Senkottai Village, Madurai Sivagangai Main Road

Madurai-20.
An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution

CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL

1.CAD/CAM
INTRODUCTION:
CAD/CAM means computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing. It is the
technology concerned with the application of digital computers to perform certain functions in design
and manufacturing. This technology is moving in the direction of greater integration and interaction of
design and manufacturing. Ultimately, this technology will be directed toward one goal: the fully
automated factory of the future.
ROLE OF COMPUTER IN INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING:
The role of computers in industrial manufacturing is broadly classified into the following three
groups.
1. Pre-processing support applications of the manufacturing system.
2. Monitoring and control of the manufacturing process
3. Post-processing support applications of the manufacturing system
The first category involves all the support functions that computers can provide to facilitate the
efficient, and economical manufacturing of a product:
1. Computer aided design and drafting
2. Finite element analysis
3. Computer aided part programming
4. Computer aided process planning
5. Computer aided scheduling
6. Computer aided tool design
7. Computer aided material requirement planning
The second category includes applications wherein computers are directly interfaced with
manufacturing.
The third category consists of all the support functions that enable computers to deliver quality
product to the customers. These include:
1. Computer aided assembly
2. Computer aided inspection and quality control
3. Computer aided cost analysis
4. Computer aided packing and labeling
5. Computer aided analysis of market feedbacks
6. Computer aided billing

WHAT IS CAD?
CAD may be defined as a design process using sophisticated computer graphics techniques,
backed by computer software packages, to aid in the analytical, development, costing, and ergonomic
problems associated with design work

Definition of geometric model

Definition of translator
Geometric model
Interface algorithms

Design changes
geometric
model

Design and analysis algorithms

Drafting and detailing

Documentation
To CAM process
WHAT IS CAM?
CAM may be defined as the use of computer systems to plan, manage, and control the
operations of a manufacturing plant through either direct or indirect computer interface with the
production resources of the plant.

Geometric model
Interface algorithms
Process planning
NC programmes
Inspection

Assembly
packaging
To shipping and marketing

PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE

DESIGN

NEED
FORECAST

PRODUCT
CONCEPT

PREPARING
PART PRINTS

DESIGN

CUSTOMER
FEEDBACK

ORDER
TOOLING

PRODUCT
CONCEPT

ORDER
MATERIAL
MACHINES

MARKETING

TOOL
LAYOUT

SCHEDULING &
MANUFACTURING
OPERATIONS

ESTABLISHING
WORK
STANDARDS

QUALITY
CONTROL

ACTUAL
PRODUCTION

PRODUCTION

(a)CONVENTIONAL MANUFACTURING ENVIRONMENT

Design need

Design definitions,
specifications, and
requirements

Collecting relevant
design information and
feasibility study

Synthesis

CAD process
Design
communication and
documentation

Process
planning

Analysis
Design
evaluation

Design
optimization

Production
planning

Design and
procurement of new
tools

Design
analysis

Production

Design modeling
and simulation

Quality
control

Design
conceptualization

Packaging

Shipping

The CAM process

Order materials

NC, CNC, DNC

programming

Marketing

The manufacturing
process

(b) COMPUTER AIDED MANUFACTURING ENVIRONMENT

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
QUANTITY OF THE PRODUCT MADE:
Job shop production
Batch production
Mass production of discrete products
Continuous flow process

Continuous
flow
processes

Mass
production

Production quantity
Batch production

Job shop production

Special

Product variety
Equipment
Labour skill

General

ARRANGEMENT OF PHYSICAL FACILITIES:

Fixed position layout
Process layout
Product flow rate
Packaging and shiping
Inspection

Lathe Department
Milling
Department

Assembly

Drill Department
Grinding
Department
Office

(a) Fixed position layout

(b) Process layout

Work station
Raw material
Finished product

layout

MANUFACTURING AUTOMATION:
Fixed automation
Programmable automation
Flexible automation

(c) Product flow

Number of
Different parts

High

Programmable automation

Product
Variety
Medium

Flexible automation

Low

Fixed automation
Manual methods

Low

Medium

High

Parts per year

Production Volume

APPLICATION OF CAD/CAM
CAD/CAM plays a vital role in the manufacturing of qualitative products. The import
applications of CAD/CAM are as follows:
1. Geometric modeling: It enables users to undertake the modeling of complex production, editing
and manipulation of existing geometry, drafting and documentation.
2. Design engineering analysis: Engineering analysis takes the form of stress-strain analysis, heat
transfer analysis, optimization of product size and shape, etc. Finite element analysis is available on
most CAD/CAM systems to aid design engineering analysis.
3. Design evaluation and review: CAD/CAM features help in evaluating and reviewing the product
design as follows:
Automatic dimensioning of routines, which determine the precise distance measures between
surfaces on the geometry.
Interference checking routines, which identify whether two objects occupy the same space or
not, this is especially helpful in the design of assemblies.
Kinetic routines, which test the operation of mechanical linkages using the animation
capability of CAD/CAM systems.
4. Manufacturing Database: When documentation (i.e., dimensions, material specification, bill of
materials, etc.) is created for the product design, much of the required database to manufacture the
product is also created.
5. Computer Aided Process Planning (Capp): The process planning procedure is highly dependent
on the experience and judgment of the planner. Accordingly, there are differences among the
operation sequences developed by the various planners. CAPP facilitates production planning that is
rational, consistent, and perhaps even optimal.
6. Interactive Graphics Nc Part Programming: G- and M- codes can be developed directly from
the geometry modeling of the product.
7. Finely Tuned Production Planning: Computerized systems have been developed for forecasting,
production planning, development of the master schedule, purchasing, etc.
8. Materials Requirements Planning (Mrp): It involves determining when to order raw materials
and components for assembled products.
9. Shop Floor Control: It involves a direct connection between the computer and the manufacturing
process for the purpose of monitoring the operation.
10. Computer Aided Inspection And Quality Control: Computer aided inspection and testing help
in improving the product quality.

2. STUDY OF CAD SOFTWARE - SOLID WORKS

To study about fundamentals features and distinguished advantages of solid modeling.
SOLID MODELING:
A solid model is a 3- D representation of an object. It is an accurate geometric description
which includes not only external surfaces of pare, but also the parts internal structure. It gives
informations like objects made projections, interferences and internal cross sections.
ADVANTAGES OF SOLID MODELING
1. Using solid modeling techniques, we can modify a design several times while optimizing
geometry. This means we can provide more finished designs is less time than using traditional
design method of 2- Drafting tools.
2. Solid modeling provides useful information about models such as general geometric
information and material properties like volume, mass and centre of gravity.
3. Using solid modeling we export models created to other applications for finite element
analysis, rapid prototyping and other special engineering applications.
4. We can generate drawings directly from the 3-D model. This is an important function in solid
modeling, because we modify a design the drawing uptade automatically. Also any
modification made to geometry in the drawing is reflected in the model.
CREATION OF SOLID MODEL:
In typical 2-D cad application, a designer draws a part by adding basic geometric elements
such as lines arc, circle and splines. Then dimensions are added. In solid modeling a 3- D design is
created by adding features, one at a time, until one has an accurate and complete representation of the
parts geometry.
A feature is a basic building block that describes the design, like a geometry keyway on a shaft. Each
feature indicates how to add material or remove a portion of material. Features have the ability to
intelligently reference other features the changes made will navigate through design updating the 3- D
model in all affected area.
STEPS IN SOLID MODELING
The various steps in solid modeling are
1. Creating parts
2. Sketching
3. Building assemblies
4. Documentations
CREATING PARTS:
We use features such as Extrude ,Cut extrude, Revolve, Sweep, Loft, Holes, Chamfer, Fillet
and other basic shape of build part geometry. As the features are added the very complex geometry
can be created. Many tools for modifying geometry, establishing relation, between features and
defining or modifying features attributes are provided in solid modeling software.
Regardless of whether simple parts or complex ones are designed part geometry is created
and modified in the same way.
SKETCHING:
The first step in creating many 3- D feature is sketching a 2- D section. Then by using
appropriate instructions the design convey the information regarding how far to extend this section in
a space. The third dimensions are created this way for instance a 30 mm circle extrude 75 mm through
space produces a cylinder 30 mm diameter and 75m height.

BUIDING ASSEMBLIES:
Design usually consists of several parts. Solid modelers can two or more parts together in an
assembly. All the tools we needs to built, modify and verify assemblies are available in solid
modeling software.

DOCUMENTING DESIGNS:
Solid modelers provide tools to produce finished drawings complete with geometric tolerance
and text annotation. We also export designs to other applications for analysis, manufacturing and
other forms of part processing modeling soft wares also will incorporate a variety of tools for
exporting designs to other soft wares.
SOLID MODELING COMMANDS:
1. EXTRUDE:
3- D objects can be created by extruding the 2-D images in the third dimensions. The
extrusion can be specified by an appropriate commands that is thickness of extrusion. The
extrusion will be uniform, it also incorporate Boolean operation cut, intersect and other
feature. An extruded feature can be created from a closed profile. It includes blind also; the
blind gives extrusion perpendicular to the plane of profile.
2. REVOLVE:
The revolve feature is create by revolving the closed profile about an axis to any angle
like 60o,90o and 360o etc. The axis may be work axis or a part edge.
3. SWEEP:
This command is used to create a feature swept along a helical path, a spiral path
defined by 3D spline, a path created from filled 3- D polylines and lines a path created
from existing part edges. The profile may be geometry or shape but it should be closed
one.
4. Hole:
The hole command is used to make a hole. Hole can be extrude through the path and
stopped at a designated plane or define depth. The hole centre is defined with respect to the or
with respect to another hole.
5. CHAMFER FEATURE:
A chamfer feature is a beveled face created between two existing faces of a part. It
can be equal distance or two different distance and angles.
6. FILLET:
A fillet feature is a lound face created between the existing faces of a part. It can
created with the constant radius, surface fillets, edges fillet etc. A cubic fillet has a different
radius for one vertex to other.
7. CUT:
This command is used to remove the material from the part. The geometry of a cut and
the direction is given, the material is removed from the part.
8. DIMENSIONING:
It gives the length of the line, circle, radius of arc, extrution heights etc, In parametric
dimensioning if one dimensions is changed accordingly the parametric sketch will change,
parametric dimension control size and update a part when any one value is changed.
Some of the CAD Softwares:

AUTOCAD
SOLIDWORKS
CATIA
PRO-E
MECHANICAL DESKTOP

3.Screw Jack
Aim:
To model the Screw Jack shown in figure as per the given dimensions using solid modeling
software.
Description:
A Screw Jack, manually operated is a contrivance to lift heavy object over a small height with
a distinct Mechanical Advantages. It also serves as a supporting aid in the raised position. A screw
Jack is actuated by a square threaded screw worked by applying a moderate effort at the end of a
Tommy bar inserted into the hole of the head of the screw.
The body of the screw jack has an enlarged circular base which provides a large bearing area.
A gun metal nut is tight fitted into the body at the top. A screw spindle is screwed through the nut. A
load bearing cup is mounted at the top of the screw spindle and secured to it by a washer and a CSK
screw. When the screw spindle is rotated, the load bearing cup moves only up or down along with the
screw spindle but will not rotate with it. The Tommy bar is inserted into the hole in the head of the
screw spindle only during working and will be detached when not in use.
Software Required:
Solid Works-2010
Procedure:

Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the part model workbench, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the plane that youre going to sketch i.e front or right or top.
Then sketch the part using line, circle, arc, spline rectangle etc., command using sketch
tab in command manager.
Make the sketch is fully defined.
Then select features tool like extrude, extrude cut, revolve, revolve cut, loft, swept etc.,
to make the base model.
Then select dressup features tool like fillet, chamfer, rib, shell, draft, etc., to make the
model ok.
Model all the features and save a part file.
If you want to modify any dimensions or any modification, just double click the dimension
in sketch mode, and modify
Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the assembly mode, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the suitable base part from existing part model and fix it to the origin of the assembly
work space through the tool of insert component.
Now the base part was fixed, again go through the tool of insert component and insert
necessary assembly parts.
Select the mate tool like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
Make the assembly is fully defined.
Check the assembly if any interference is there.
To rectify the interference just right click which part we want modify and edit the part
Using of the mating tolls like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
If you want to modify any mate condition or any modification, just right click the mate
condition and modify.

Result:
Thus the given Screw Jack has been drawn with the help of above commands.

4.Plummer Block
Aim:
To model the Plummer Block shown in figure as per the given dimensions using solid
modeling software.
Description:
When a long shaft is to be supported at intermediate points, bushed bearings are not used due
to their limitations. In such cases Plummer blocks are used. In the Plummer block bearing or pedestal
bearing, the body is split horizontally along or near the axis of the shaft. This will enable to overcome
the disadvantage of the bushed bearing.
Software Required:
Solid Works-2010
Procedure:

Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the part model workbench, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the plane that youre going to sketch i.e front or right or top.
Then sketch the part using line, circle, arc, spline rectangle etc., command using sketch
tab in command manager.
Make the sketch is fully defined.
Then select features tool like extrude, extrude cut, revolve, revolve cut, loft, swept etc.,
to make the base model.
Then select dressup features tool like fillet, chamfer, rib, shell, draft, etc., to make the
model ok.
Model all the features and save a part file.
If you want to modify any dimensions or any modification, just double click the dimension
in sketch mode, and modify
Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the assembly mode, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the suitable base part from existing part model and fix it to the origin of the assembly
work space through the tool of insert component.
Now the base part was fixed, again go through the tool of insert component and insert
necessary assembly parts.
Select the mate tool like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
Make the assembly is fully defined.
Check the assembly if any interference is there.
To rectify the interference just right click which part we want modify and edit the part
Using of the mating tolls like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
If you want to modify any mate condition or any modification, just right click the mate
condition and modify.

Result:
Thus the given Plummer Block has been drawn with the help of above commands.

5.Universal Coupling
Aim:
To model the Universal Coupling shown in figure as per the given dimensions using solid
modeling software.
Description:
This coupling is used to connect two shafts with intersecting axes. The advantages of this
coupling is that the angle between the two shafts may be varied while the shafts are running.
Universal couplings or Hookes joint are used in machine tools such as milling machines, etc., and
in automobiles.
Software Required:
Solid Works-2010
Procedure:

Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the part model workbench, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the plane that youre going to sketch i.e front or right or top.
Then sketch the part using line, circle, arc, spline rectangle etc., command using sketch
tab in command manager.
Make the sketch is fully defined.
Then select features tool like extrude, extrude cut, revolve, revolve cut, loft, swept etc.,
to make the base model.
Then select dressup features tool like fillet, chamfer, rib, shell, draft, etc., to make the
model ok.
Model all the features and save a part file.
If you want to modify any dimensions or any modification, just double click the dimension
in sketch mode, and modify
Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the assembly mode, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the suitable base part from existing part model and fix it to the origin of the assembly
work space through the tool of insert component.
Now the base part was fixed, again go through the tool of insert component and insert
necessary assembly parts.
Select the mate tool like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
Make the assembly is fully defined.
Check the assembly if any interference is there.
To rectify the interference just right click which part we want modify and edit the part
Using of the mating tolls like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
If you want to modify any mate condition or any modification, just right click the mate
condition and modify.

Result:
Thus the given Universal Coupling has been drawn with the help of above commands.

6.Flanged Coupling
Aim:
To model the Flanged Coupling(Unprotected type) shown in figure as per the given
dimensions using solid modeling software.
Description:
A Flanged coupling is the simplest type of rigid coupling most extensively used in the general
power transmission applications. It consists of two cast iron or steel bosses provided with Projecting
flange plates at one of their ends. The flange plates are drilled with a number of equidistant bolt holes
on their flat faces with their centres lying on an imaginary circle, called pitch circle. Each of the
flanged bosses is securely keyed to the end of each shaft using a tapered key driven from inside.
While assembling, generally the two flanges are set such that the keys fitted in them are out of
alignment by 90 to each other. Then the flanges are bolted together by a number of bolts and nuts.
Power is transmitted from one shaft to the other through the bolts. These bolts are in close running fit
in the holes which are drilled and reamed in the flanges in order that the load is taken smoothly
without any impact which would take place if the bolts are fitted loose in the holes. Correct alignment
of the two shafts is ensured irrespective of the bolts, by allowing the end of one shaft to enter a small
distance in the boss bore of the the other flange. Protruding of the bolt heads and nuts beyond the flat
face of the flange renders the risk of accidents. Hence this types of flange coupling is classified as
unprotected type.
Software Required:
Solid Works-2010
Procedure:

Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the part model workbench, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the plane that youre going to sketch i.e front or right or top.
Then sketch the part using line, circle, arc, spline rectangle etc., command using sketch
tab in command manager.
Make the sketch is fully defined.
Then select features tool like extrude, extrude cut, revolve, revolve cut, loft, swept etc.,
to make the base model.
Then select dressup features tool like fillet, chamfer, rib, shell, draft, etc., to make the
model ok.
Model all the features and save a part file.
If you want to modify any dimensions or any modification, just double click the dimension
in sketch mode, and modify
Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the assembly mode, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the suitable base part from existing part model and fix it to the origin of the assembly
work space through the tool of insert component.
Now the base part was fixed, again go through the tool of insert component and insert
necessary assembly parts.
Select the mate tool like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
Make the assembly is fully defined.
Check the assembly if any interference is there.
To rectify the interference just right click which part we want modify and edit the part
Using of the mating tolls like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
If you want to modify any mate condition or any modification, just right click the mate
condition and modify.

Result:
Thus the given Flanged Coupling has been drawn with the help of above commands.

7.KNUCKLE JOINT
Aim:
To model the knuckle joint shown in figure as per the given dimensions using solid modeling
software.
Description:
Knuckle joint is used to connect two rods subjected to axial tensile loads. It may also be used
to support the compressive load if the joint is guided. It is not suitable to connect rotating shafts which
transmit torque. Axes of the shafts to be joined should lie in the same plane and may coincide or
intersect. Its construction permits limited relative angular movement between rods, about the axis of
the pin. Knuckle joint is widely used to connect valve rod and eccentric rod, in the link of a cycle
chain, levers, tie rod joint for roof truss and many other links. Knuckle Joint has mainly three
components eye, fork and pin as shown in Figure 8.1. Eye is formed on one of the rods and fork is
formed on the other. Eye fits inside the fork and the pin is passed through both the fork and the eye.
This pin is secured in its place by means of a split-pin. The ends of the rods are made octagonal to
some distance for better grip and are made square for some portion before it is forged to make the eye
and fork shapes.
Software Required:
Solid Works-2010
Procedure:

Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the part model workbench, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the plane that youre going to sketch i.e front or right or top.
Then sketch the part using line, circle, arc, spline rectangle etc., command using sketch
tab in command manager.
Make the sketch is fully defined.
Then select features tool like extrude, extrude cut, revolve, revolve cut, loft, swept etc.,
to make the base model.
Then select dressup features tool like fillet, chamfer, rib, shell, draft, etc., to make the
model ok.
Model all the features and save a part file.
If you want to modify any dimensions or any modification, just double click the dimension
in sketch mode, and modify
Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the assembly mode, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the suitable base part from existing part model and fix it to the origin of the assembly
work space through the tool of insert component.
Now the base part was fixed, again go through the tool of insert component and insert
necessary assembly parts.
Select the mate tool like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
Make the assembly is fully defined.
Check the assembly if any interference is there.
To rectify the interference just right click which part we want modify and edit the part
Using of the mating tolls like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
If you want to modify any mate condition or any modification, just right click the mate
condition and modify.

Result:
Thus the given knuckle joint has been drawn with the help of above commands.

8.MACHINE VICE
Aim:
To model the machine vice shown in figure as per the given dimensions using solid modeling
software.
Description:
A machine vice is a device used to hold a work piece when operating a milling machine or
a drill press. It is adjustable in many different ways, allowing the work piece to be manipulated into
any angle or position required. This type of vice is crucial when a certain angle is required to be
repeated on several pieces. The machinist can mount the work piece and adjust the vice to the desired
angle and position and the machined finish will duplicate the prior pieces exactly.
Software Required:
Solid Works-2010
Procedure:

Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the part model workbench, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the plane that youre going to sketch i.e front or right or top.
Then sketch the part using line, circle, arc, spline rectangle etc., command using sketch
tab in command manager.
Make the sketch is fully defined.
Then select features tool like extrude, extrude cut, revolve, revolve cut, loft, swept etc.,
to make the base model.
Then select dressup features tool like fillet, chamfer, rib, shell, draft, etc., to make the
model ok.
Model all the features and save a part file.
If you want to modify any dimensions or any modification, just double click the dimension
in sketch mode, and modify
Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the assembly mode, from the New solidworks document dialogue box
Select the suitable base part from existing part model and fix it to the origin of the assembly
work space through the tool of insert component.
Now the base part was fixed, again go through the tool of insert component and insert
necessary assembly parts.
Select the mate tool like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
Make the assembly is fully defined.
Check the assembly if any interference is there.
To rectify the interference just right click which part we want modify and edit the part
Using of the mating tolls like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
If you want to modify any mate condition or any modification, just right click the mate
condition and modify.

Result:
Thus the given machine vice has been drawn with the help of above commands.

9.GLAND & STUFFING BOX

Aim:
To model the gland & stuffing box shown in figure as per the given dimensions using solid
modeling software.
Description:
A Stuffing Box is a kind of a seal that is used to prevent fluids from leaking between the
turning or sliding parts of the machine elements. Gland is a general type of the Stuffing Box which is
used to shut a rotating or reciprocating shaft against the fluid. The gland is commonly used at the head
of a tap where it is packed with a string soaked in similar grease. The gland nut compresses the
packing material and forms a water-tight seal to prevent water leakage if the tap is on.
Software Required:
Solid Works-2010
Procedure:

Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the part model workbench, from the New solidworks document dialoge box
Select the plane that youre going to sketch i.e front or right or top.
Then sketch the part using line, circle ,arc, spline rectangle etc., command using sketch
tab in command manager.
Make the sketch is Fully defined.
Then select features tool like extrude, extrude cut, revole, revolvecut, loft, swept etc., to
make the base model.
Then select dressup featuers tool like fillet, chamfer, rib , shell, draft,etc., to make the
model ok.
Model all the features and save a part file.
If you want to modify any dimensions or any modification, just double click the dimension
in sketch mode, and modify
Open the Solid works software and select file > new
Select the assembly mode, from the New solidworks document dialoge box
Select the suitable base part from existing part model and fix it to the origin of the assembly
work space through the tool of insert component.
Now the base part was fixed, again go through the tool of insert component and insert
necessary assembly parts.
Select the mate tool like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
Make the assembly is Fully defined.
Check the assembly if any interference is there.
To rectify the interference just right click which part we want modify and edit the part
Using of the mating tolls like Coincident ,Concentric, Tangent etc mate the all parts
If you want to modify any mate condition or any modification, just right click the mate
condition and modify.

Result:
Thus the given gland & stuffing box has been drawn with the help of above commands.

CNC LATHE G & M Codes

Preparatory Functions (G-Codes)
G00 Rapid positioning move
G01 Linear cutting move
G02 Clockwise circular cutting move
G03 Counterclockwise circular cutting move
G04 Set dwell in seconds
G25 Execute subroutine
G26 Conditional branch
G27 Unconditional branch
G28 Set system or user defined variable to value
G33 Canned threading cycle
G70 Set inch programming (default)
G71 Set metric programming
G74 Sets single quadrant arc programming mode
G75 Sets multiple quadrant arc programming mode (default)
G80 Cancel canned cycle
G81 Canned cycle for turning down outside diameter
G82 Canned cycle for reducing part length (facing)
G83 Canned cycle for deep hole drilling
G87 Canned cycle for deep hole drilling with chip breaking
G90 Set absolute programming mode (default)
G91 Set incremental programming mode
G92 Set current tool position counters to value
G95 Chain to next part program
Miscellaneous Functions (M-Codes)
M00 Temporary stop
M01 Temporary stop Cool and & Spindle OFF
M02 End of program stop
M03 Spindle <ON> CW
M04 Spindle <ON> CCW
M05 Spindle <OFF>
M06 Tool change
M08 Coolant <ON>
M09 Coolant <OFF>
M17 Return from subroutine
M25 Rapid traverse to home position
M29 Home to Axis Limit
M39 Chuck <CLOSE>
M40 Chuck <OPEN>
M99 Restart part program from beginning

Ex. No:1
Date:
STEP TURNING
AIM
To write a part program and simulate the tool path for the given model using CNC controller.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
1. CNC simulation software
2. CNC Lathe
3. Work piece
4. Fitting tools
PROCEDURE
1. To write the program for given job.
2. To type G and M CODES.
3. To give the tool size and stock dimensions.
4. Finally to run the machine to the operation.
PROGRAM
G90
G71
M03
G92 X13.77 Z1
G81 Z-10 X-2.5 I0.3 F30
G00 Z-10
G81 Z-15 X-1.5 I0.3 F30
M25
M02

RESULT
Thus the part program for the given model is written and verified through simulation.

Ex. No. 2
DATE:

Two Arcs and Turning

AIM
To write a part program and simulate the tool path for the given model using CNC controller.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
1. CNC simulation software
2. CNC Lathe
3. Work piece
4. Fitting tools
PROCEDURE
1. To write the program for given job.
2. To type G and M CODES.
3. To give the tool size and stock dimensions.
4. Finally to run the machine to the operation.
PROGRAM
G90
M03
G92 X13.77 Z1
G00 Z0
G00 X12.5
G75
G03 X12 Z-10 R10 F50
G01 Z-15
G03 X12 Z-25 R10
G01 Z-30
G00 X13.77
G00 Z0
G00 X11.5
G03 X11.5 Z-10 R10
G01 Z-15
G03 X11.5 Z-25 R10
G01 Z-30
G00 X13.77
G00 Z0
G00 X11
G03 X11 Z-10 R10
G01 Z-15
G03 X11 Z-25 R10
G01 Z-30
G00 X13.77
G00 Z0
G00 X10.5
G03 X10.5 Z-10 R10

G01 Z-15
G03 X10.5 Z-25 R10
G01 Z-30
G00 X13.77
G00 Z0
G00 X10
G03 X10 Z-10 R10
G01 Z-15
G03 X10 Z-25 R10
G01 Z-30
G00 X13.77
G00 Z0
G00 X9.5
G03 X9.5 Z-10 R10
G01 Z-15
G03 X9.5 Z-25 R10
G01 Z-30
G00 X13.77
G00 Z0
G00 X9
G03 X9 Z-10 R10
G01 Z-15
G03 X9 Z-25 R10
G01 Z-30
G00 X13.77
G00 Z0
M25
M02

RESULT
Thus the part program for the given model is written and verified through simulation.

Ex., No., 3.
DATE:

Arc Turning

AIM
To write a part program and simulate the tool path for the given model using CNC controller.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
1. CNC simulation software
2. CNC Lathe
3. Work piece
4. Fitting tools
PROCEDURE
1. To write the program for given job.
2. To type G and M CODES.
3. To give the tool size and stock dimensions.
4. Finally to run the machine to the operation.
PROGRAM
G91
M03
G01 Z-1
G03 Z-5 X+5 R5 F50
G00 Z5
G01 X-6
G03 Z-5 X+5 R5 F50
G00 Z5
G01 X-6
G03 Z-5 X+5 R5 F50
G00 Z5
G01 X-6
G03 Z-5 X+5 R5 F50
G00 Z5
G01 X-6
G03 Z-5 X+5 R5 F50
G00 Z5
G01 X-6
G03 Z-5 X+5 R5 F50
G00 Z5
G01 X-6
M25
M02

RESULT
Thus the part program for the given model is written and verified through simulation.

Ex., No., 4
DATE:

Taper Turning (10*5 taper)

AIM
To write a part program and simulate the tool path for the given model using CNC controller.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
1. CNC simulation software
2. CNC Lathe
3. Work piece
4. Fitting tools
PROCEDURE
1. To write the program for given job.
2. To type G and M CODES.
3. To give the tool size and stock dimensions.
4. Finally to run the machine to the operation.
PROGRAM
G91
M03
G92 X10 Z0
G01 Z-10 X+5
G00 Z10
G01 X-6
G01 Z-10 X+5
G00 Z10
G01 X-6
G01 Z-10 X+5
G00 Z10
G01 X-6
G01 Z-10 X+5
G00 Z10
G01 X-6
G01 Z-10 X+5
G00 Z10
G01 X-6
G01 Z-10 X+5
G00 Z10
G01 X-6
M25
M02

RESULT
Thus the part program for the given model is written and verified through simulation.

CNC MILLING
G Codes
G00
G01
G02
G03
G04
G06.1
G07
G09
G10
G17
G18
G19
G20
G21
G28
G40
G41
G42
G50
G62
G64
G70
G71
G73
G74
G74
G75
G76
G76
G80
G81
G82
G83
G84
G85
G88
G89
G90
G91
G92
G92
G94
G95
G96
G97
G98
G98

Rapid positioning
Linear interpolation
Circular interpolation, clockwise
Circular interpolation, counterclockwise
Dwell
Non Uniform Rational B Spline Machining
Imaginary axis designation
Exact stop check, non-modal
Programmable data input
XY plane selection
ZX plane selection
YZ plane selection
Programming in inches
Programming in millimeters (mm)
Return to home position
Tool radius compensation off
Tool radius compensation left
Tool radius compensation right
Scaling function cancel
Automatic corner override
Default cutting mode (cancel exact stop check mode)
Fixed cycle, multiple repetitive cycle, for finishing (including contours)
Fixed cycle, multiple repetitive cycle, for roughing (Z-axis emphasis)
Peck drilling cycle for milling high-speed (NO full retraction from pecks)
Peck drilling cycle for turning
Tapping cycle for milling, lefthand thread, M04 spindle direction
Peck grooving cycle for turning
Fine boring cycle for milling
Threading cycle for turning, multiple repetitive cycle
Cancel canned cycle
Simple drilling cycle
Drilling cycle with dwell
Peck drilling cycle (full retraction from pecks)
Tapping cycle, righthand thread, M03 spindle direction
boring cycle, feed in/feed out
boring cycle, feed in/spindle stop/manual operation
boring cycle, feed in/dwell/feed out
Absolute programming
Incremental programming
Position register
Threading cycle, simple cycle
Feedrate per minute
Feedrate per revolution
Constant surface speed (CSS)
Constant spindle speed
Return to initial Z level in canned cycle
Feedrate per minute

G99

Feedrate per revolution

M-Codes

M00
M01
M02
M03
M04
M05
M06
M07
M09
M10
M11
M19
M21
M22
M23
M24
M30
M98
M99

Compulsory stop
Optional stop
End of program
Spindle on (clockwise rotation)
Spindle on (counterclockwise rotation)
Spindle stop
tool change
Coolant on (mist)
Coolant off
Pallet clamp on
Pallet clamp off
Spindle orientation
Tailstock forward
Tailstock backward
Thread gradual pullout ON
Thread gradual pullout OFF
End of program, with return to program top
Subprogram call
Subprogram end

Ex., No., 1
DATE:

Square Block with Single Hole

AIM
To write a part program and simulate the tool path for the given model using CNC controller.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
1. CNC simulation software
2. CNC Milling machine
3. Work piece
4. Fitting tools
PROCEDURE
1. To write the program for given job.
2. To type G and M CODES.
3. To give the tool size and stock dimensions.
4. Finally to run the machine to the operation.
PROGRAM
G90
M03
G00 X0 Y0 Z0
G00 Z5 F150
G01 Z-2
G02 X60 Y50 I20 J0
G00 X0 Y0 F250
G01 Z-3
G01 X0 Y100
G01 X100 Y100
G01 X100 Y0
G01 X0 Y0
G00 Z5
M05
M02

RESULT
Thus the part program for the given model is written and verified through simulation.

Ex., No., 2
DATE:

Square Block with Double Hole

AIM
To write a part program and simulate the tool path for the given model using CNC controller.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
1. CNC simulation software
2. CNC Milling machine
3. Work piece
4. Fitting tools
PROCEDURE
1. To write the program for given job.
2. To type G and M CODES.
3. To give the tool size and stock dimensions.
4. Finally to run the machine to the operation.
PROGRAM
G90
M03
G00 X0 Y0 Z0
G00 Z5 F150
G01 Z-2
G02 X35 Y35 I10 J0
G00 Z5
G00 X70 Y0 F250
G01 Z-3
G02 X70 Y35 I10 J0
G00 Z5
G00 X0 Y0 F250
G01 X0 Y70
G01 X100 Y70
G01 X100 Y0
G01 X0 Y0
G00 Z5
M05
M02

RESULT
Thus the part program for the given model is written and verified through simulation.

Ex., No. 3
DATE:

3 V-Blocks

AIM
To write a part program and simulate the tool path for the given model using CNC controller.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
1. CNC simulation software
2. CNC Milling machine
3. Work piece
4. Fitting tools
PROCEDURE
1. To write the program for given job.
2. To type G and M CODES.
3. To give the tool size and stock dimensions.
4. Finally to run the machine to the operation.
PROGRAM
G90
M03
G00 X0 Y0 Z0
G00 Z5 F150
G01 X0 Y0
G01 X30 Y0
G01 X35 Y5
G01 X40 Y0
G01 X70 Y0
G01 X70 Y60
G01 X40 Y60
G01 X55 Y55
G01 X30 Y60
G01 X0 Y60
G01 X0 Y0
G00 Z5
M05
M03

RESULT
Thus the part program for the given model is written and verified through simulation.

Ex., No. 4
DATE:

4 Arcs Milling- I

AIM
To write a part program and simulate the tool path for the given model using CNC controller.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
1. CNC simulation software
2. CNC Milling machine
3. Work piece
4. Fitting tools
PROCEDURE
1. To write the program for given job.
2. To type G and M CODES.
3. To give the tool size and
stock dimensions.
4. Finally to run the machine
to the operation.
.
PROGRAM
G90
M03
G00 X0 Y0 Z0
G00 Z5 F150
G01 Z-2
G01 X0 Y20 F300
G03 X0 Y40 R10
G01 X0 Y50
G02 X10 Y60 R10
G01 X50 Y60
G02 X60 Y50 R10
G01 X60 Y10
G03 X50 Y0 R10
G01 X0 Y0
G01 Z5
M05
M02

RESULT
Thus the part program for the given model is written and verified through simulation.

Ex., No. 5
DATE:

Slot Milling

AIM
To write a part program and simulate the tool path for the given model using CNC controller.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
1. CNC simulation software
2. CNC Milling machine
3. Work piece
4. Fitting tools
PROCEDURE
1. To write the
program for given
job.
2. To type G and M
CODES.
3. To give the tool
size and stock
dimensions.
4. Finally to run the
machine to the
operation.
PROGRAM
G90
F300
M06 T1
G42 D1
G00 Z5
G00 X0 Y0
G01 Z-2
G01 X30 Y0
G02 X60 Y0 R15
G01 X90 Y0
G01 X90 Y30
G02 X90 Y60 R15
G01 X90 Y90
G01 X60 Y90
G02 X30 Y90 R15
G01 X0 Y90
G01 X0 Y60
G02 X0 Y30 R15
G01 X0 Y0
G40
G00 Z5
M02

RESULT
Thus the part program for the given model is written and verified through simulation.