was to interpret signs and portents before an important undertaking, especially a military or political course of action. Their function was not to tell the future, but rather to discover whether or not the gods approved of the action or offi ce before it was undertaken, which is how inaugurate came to mean to consecrate or to install or to invest. This meaning, to induct into offi ce with suitable ceremonies, goes back to the 1500s in English as both a verb and a noun: They did inaugurate and confi rme, Apollodorus Cizicenus Captaine in warre oftentimes, notwithstanding he was an Allien, and Outlander. Claudius Aelian (trans. Abraham Fleming), A Registre of Hystories, 1576 Likewise it is termed an inunction, the annointing of God, whereby we are inaugurated and destrinated to an infallible inheritance certainly reserued in the hands of a strong keeper against that famous day of our redemption. John Prime, An Exposition, 1587 A litle after was leo the ffyghe made byshope, and within xl. dayes of his inauguracion, is uery ff rend Christopher cast hym in to pryson. John Hooper, An Answer vnto my Lord of Wynthesters Booke, 1547 Yea nothing was he permitted to do to hym self or to his children either in his or theyr inauguration and sanctification to the preesthode, but all was committed to the care of Moses. John Knox, The Appellation of Iohn Knoxe, 1558 The main method of augury was the observation of the flight of birds, known as an auspice. For example, when looking for the answer to a question, the augurs would observe the direction of the flight of birds as a good or bad sign. Auspice came to mean a favorable sign and under the auspices of means with the help and support of reflecting a favorable view of an endeavor. Inauguration was used from the very beginning with reference to the President of the United States. In a letter written by Alexander Hamilton to the newly elected George Washington in May of 1789,
Hamilton reflects on the etiquette proper to be observed by the
President: The President to accept no invitations: and to give formal entertainments only twice or four times a year on the anniversaries of important events in the revolution. If twice, the day of the declaration of Independence, and that of the inauguration of the President, which completed the organization of the Constitution, to be preferred; if four times, the day of the treaty of alliance with France & that of the definitive treaty with Britain to be added. And in a news headline after the event: Washington inaugurated President, April 30 The Massachusetts Magazine, Dec. 1790 In Hamiltons letter to Washington , he makes it clear that the president of the new country must put equality first among considerations of the actions and demeanor of the presidentthe inauguration would not be a coronation. And yet, Hamilton addresses Washington as Your Excellency in the same letter, keeping the tone high because the occasion was auspicious .