n aceast lecie, explicm i exemplificm 60 de termeni medicali n limba englez.

Pe lng ace ti
termeni, ntlneti n frazele de mai jos i multe alte cuvinte din sfera medical.
Micul dicionar de termeni medicali n englez se va continua n urmtoarea lec ie. Orice ntrebri i
sugestii sunt, ca ntotdeauna, binevenite.
Ascult

explicaiile

audio

pentru

cei

60

de

termeni

medicali

A
allergy
Spring

alergie, allergic
is

an

uncomfortable

to
season

for

alergic
those

with

la

pollen allergy.

Are you allergic to anything else besides pollen?

anesthetic
The

anestezic, anesthesiologist (US)

hospital

has

or anaesthetist (UK)
run

out

anestezist
of anesthetic.

The surgery starts in one hour, but the anesthesiologist is nowhere to be found.
aneurysm

anevrism

His loss of balance and speech problems might be caused by an aneurysm.

antibiotics

antibiotice

Shes got a severe bacterial infection. She should start an antibiotic treatment right away.
antibody

anticorp

Your blood test doesnt show any antibodies, so you dont have the virus.
B
blood

transfusion

transfuzie

de

snge

The patient needs a blood transfusion, but we must check his blood type first.
(high/low)

blood

pressure

tensiune

arterial

(ridicat/sczut)

This monitor allows you to measure your blood pressure at home.

(high/low)

blood

sugar

glicemie

(crescut/sczut)

Exercising usually lowers your blood sugar levels, but in some cases it can increase them.

brain

tumor

tumoare

cerebral

After the MRI, the doctor was confident that her brain tumor could be removed.
breathing

respiraie

His breathing problems are caused by sinusitis, but smoking doesnt help at all.
C
cardiac

arrest

stop

cardiac

He took CPR training; he now knows how to perform CPR when someone is in cardiac arrest.
chest

pain

durere

toracic

Your chest pains may be caused by anything from fatigue to angina. You should go see a doctor.
coagulation

coagulare

The ambulance staff focused on stopping the bleeding and accelerating coagulation.
(common)

cold

rceal

I caught a cold and wont be able to go to work today.

convalescence

convalescen

You may feel well now, but one week of convalescence is still required.
D
dehydration

deshidratare

During her illness, she experienced an excessive loss of body water. We should treat her
for dehydration.
dementia

demen

Dont count on his recollection of facts; he suffers from dementia.

diabetes

diabet

Dont be sure that youve inherited diabetes from your parents. Lead a healthy lifestyle and get
regular check-ups.
diagnosis

diagnostic

The patients diagnosis is essential for recommending the best treatment.

disease
Your alcohol problem is not a disease yet; it is in your hands to quit.

boal

drug
I

cant

1.
take

medicament,
any

more drugs;

2.

Im

fed

drog

up

with

them.

The clinic launched a program that explains the consequences of doing drugs.
E
edema

edem

Edema can occur anywhere within the body. It shows that there is an abnormal accumulation of
fluid.
electrocardiogram or ECG, EKG

electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram records electrical signals as they pass through your heart and indicates
whether there are irregularities in the rhythm of your heartbeat.
embolism

embolie

Her pulmonary embolism was caused by a blood clot that formed in one of her legs and travelled to
her lungs.
emergency

room/department or ER

camer

de

urgen

After the car crash, three persons were brought to the emergecy room.
euphoria/elation

euforie

The patients depressive episode was followed by a brief period of euphoria.

F
fainting

fit

lein

After three fainting fits in one morning, it was obvious that she wasnt doing well.
fever

febr

Fever stimulates the bodys immune system because it makes it difficult for bacteria and viruses to
survive.
flu

(influenza)

grip

Ive got chills and muscle pains. I hope Im not getting the flu.
food

poisoning

toxiinfecie

alimentar

It is unacceptable to get food poisoning while in the hospital.

fracture
We must call the ambulance. This is an open fracture that requires immediate attention.

fractur

G
gallstones

pietre

la

vezica

biliar

Small gallstones will pass through the bile duct and be eliminated, but larger ones may cause
obstructions.
gastric

ulcer

ulcer

gastric

gastrointestinal

gastrointestinal

Infection with Helicobacter pylori is quite common, but it should be treated, as it can cause gastric
ulcer or othergastrointestinal diseases.
geriatric

medicine/geriatrics

geriatrie

Geriatrics focuses on the prevention and treatment of diseases in elderly people.

germ

1.

Wheat germs are

very

germen,
healthy

because

2.
they

are

packed

microb
with

nutrients.

Before and after performing a surgery, doctors scrub their hands with iodine soap in order to
eliminate germs.
H
haematoma

hematom

Haematomas are collections of blood outside the blood vessels.

hearing

aid

aparat

auditiv

Hearing aids can help people with hearing impairments function normally.
heart

attack

infarct

miocardic,

atac

de

cord

The patient is an obese smoker who experiences chronic stress daily; its no wonder he had a heart
attack.
heart

failure

insuficien

cardiac

Heart failure is not a death sentence; surgery, medication and lifestyle changes can prolong life
span considerably.
hypochondriac

ipohondru

Hes a bit of a hypochondriac; he washes his hands far too often and tests himself for diseases he
cant possibly have.
I

(bacterial/viral)

infection

infecie

(bacterian/viral)

Sexually transmitted infections among young people have risen dramatically in the last decades.
inflammation, inflammatory

process

inflamaie,

proces

inflamator

My toes are red, swollen, and they hurt badly. This inflammation is killing me.
injection/shot

injecie

The worst part of an injection is not the needle; its the serum entering the tissue.
injury

ran

He suffered a leg injury at work and now he will wear a plaster cast.
insomnia

insomnie

During his rehabilitation, he experienced severe insomnia.

intensive

care

(unit) or ICU

terapie

intensiv

Were in the ICU waiting room. The nurse should show up anytime now.
J
jaundice

icter

Jaundice often indicates theres something wrong with your liver.

K
kidney

transplant

transplant

de

rinichi

Two of his relatives are suitable donors for the kidney transplant.
L
laboratory

laborator

Only the medical staff is allowed in the laboratory.

lab

results

rezultate

de

laborator

We must wait for the lab results in order to establish the appropriate treatment.
lesion

leziune

The fight caused him many external and internal lesions.

limb
Your limbs are cold because of your poor peripheral circulation.

membru

liver

cancer

cancer

hepatic

The patients liver cancer is at stage A and well start by removing the affected section.
M
manic-depression/bipolar

disorder

tulburare

maniaco-depresiv/tulburare

bipolar

During the manic stages of his bipolar disorder, he doesnt want to take his pills.
measles

pojar

The child mustnt go to school; measles is extremely infectious.

medication

medicaie

He started taking anti-sickness medication before his first cycle of chemotherapy.

migraine

migren

If these analgesics dont work, Ill prescribe some triptans for your migraine.
muscle

damage

traum

muscular

Muscle damage can release muscle cells into your bloodstream and affect your kidneys.

N
narcolepsy

narcolepsie, narcoleptic

narcoleptic

Her daytime sleep episodes are uncontrollable. Shes a narcoleptic, currently undergoing treatment.
nausea

grea

Dont worry. Nausea is a common side effect of this treatment.

necrosis

necroz

The patients necrosis had extended quickly. They had to amputate his entire leg.
neonate / newborn / infant

nou-nscut

Newborns react well to sounds they heard while in their mothers womb.
nerve

cell

Drugs mimic neurotransmitters and trick nerve cells into sending abnormal messages.

neuron

neurology

neurologie, neurologist

neurolog

The autistic child is being evaluated by a multidisciplinary team from the neurology, psychiatry and
pediatrics departments.
O
obsessive-compulsive

disorder or OCD

tulburare

obsesiv-compulsiv

Her OCD is time-consuming: before leaving her apartment, she opens and closes all doors, turns all
the lights and the taps on and off again, and checks the gas cooker knobs everything five times!
obstetrics

obstetric, obstetrician

obstetrician

Her obstetrician decided to induce labor in her 35th week of pregnancy.

obstruction

obstrucie,

ocluzie

The patients peritonitis was caused by an untreated intestinal obstruction.

oncology

oncologie, oncologist

oncolog

The pathologists evaluation of the biopsy determined the oncologist to start radiation immediately.
optic

nerve

nerv

optic

His optic nerve damage is a consequence of his elevated intracranial pressure.

overdose or OD

supradoz

Heroin and morphine overdoses can be prevented with antagonist drugs, like naloxone.
P
pacemaker

stimulator

cardiac

Pacemakers maintain an adequate heart rate when the patients heart is unable to do so by itself.
painkiller

calmant,

analgezic

They started her on morphine because milder painkillers didnt work anymore.
panic

attack

atac

de

panic

When the panic attack subsided, he was completely exhausted.

paralysis

paralizie, paralyzed

paralizat

During REM sleep, most of the body is paralyzed, so that we dont act out our dreams.
parasite
Keratin and sebum protect us from parasites trying to enter our skin.

parazit

pathology

patologie, pathogenic

patogen

The virus mutated and has become even more pathogenic.

pediatrics

pediatrie, pediatrician

medic

pediatru

You should see a pediatrician because these symptoms could mean something else in a child.
physician

medic

It is best to consult a physician before taking any supplements.

plastic

surgery

chirurgie

plastic

He underwent reconstructive plastic surgery one year after the accident.

pregnancy

sarcin

She started wearing maternity clothes during her second trimester of pregnancy.
prophylaxis

profilaxie

Post-exposure prophylaxis doesnt guarantee that the virus wont start replicating.
psychosomatic

psihosomatic

Placebo treatment can work when the illness is psychosomatic.

Q
quarantine

carantin

The entire building was in quarantine after the anthrax attack. Most people left in the evening, after
a decontamination shower.
R
radiotherapy

radioterapie

Before surgery, radiotherapy is used to shrink the tumor and make it easier to remove.
rash

urticarie

By the time they saw a doctor, the babys diaper rash had spread to his back.
relapse

recidiv

He had been sober for three years, but had a sudden relapse during the winter holidays.
remission

remisiune

Although her pancreatic cancer has been in remission for three years, she is afraid it might come
back.

renal

stone, kidney

stone

piatr

la

rinichi

Passing a renal stone usually requires nothing more than plenty of water and pain medication.
retinal

detachment

dezlipire

de

retin

The retinal detachment became obvious when he started seeing curved door edges.
rheumatism

reumatism

There are various types of rheumatism. Most of them have joint pain and swelling in common.
S
saliva

saliv, salivary

gland

gland

salivar

Hepatitis C cant be spread through saliva, but you can never be too careful.
seizure

atac,

criz

Convulsive epileptic seizures are dangerous. Somebody must join you at all times.
septicemia

septicemie

Her fever, high respiratory rate and high white cell count indicate septicemia.
sclerosis

scleroz

Atherosclerosis can go undetected for a long time. The best treatment is prevention quit smoking,
eat healthy food and exercise daily.
subcutaneous

subcutanat

Subcutaneous injections are less scary than intramuscular and intravenous ones.
stroke

atac

cerebral

Strokes usually leave survivors with some type of disability.

syndrome

sindrom

She decided to have an abortion because her baby would have had the Down syndrome.
T
tapeworm

tenie

Dont consume undercooked food. You can ingest tapeworms and get a digestive infection.
thermometer

termometru

There are three places in which a thermometer can be inserted. Hopefully, the doctor will measure
your axillary or sub-lingual temperature.

thrombosis

tromboz

Flight attendants are prone to deep vein thrombosis because of the cramped space and the
reduced air pressure.
tomography

tomografie, computed

tomography or CT

tomografie

computerizat

A CT scan provides pictures of thin slices of your organs, in order for doctors to better assess your
condition.
toothache

durere

de

dini

My excruciating toothache ended when my tooth nerve died. I fell in a deep slumber and woke up
fresh as a daisy.
tuberculosis or TB

tuberculoz

sau

TBC

Although most often found in the lungs, TB can spread to any other organs.
U
ultrasound

ultrasunet

An ultrasound examination will help confirm the pregnancy.

unconsciousness

incontien, unconscious

incontient

He has been unconscious for too long. The concussion must be quite severe.
urea

uree

Urea has no physiological purpose in our bodies. However, we synthesize it from inorganic materials
to use it as a fertilizer and in various other ways.
urinary

tract

tract

urinar

If you treat them, urinary tract infections are not dangerous. But, if you dont, they can spread from
the bladder to the kidneys and cause serious damage.
urology

urologie, urologist

urolog

The urologist believes that her urinary incontinence is caused by stress and that surgical treatment
probably wont be necessary.
uterus
By the end of a pregnancy, the uterus becomes the size of a watermelon.
V

uter

vaccine

vaccin, vaccination

vaccinare

The HPV vaccine does not protect against all types of HPV.
valve

valv

Two of his heart valves need to be replaced with artificial ones.

varicose

veins

vene

varicoase

Her varicose veins dont allow her to stand for too long.
ventricular

fibrillation

fibrilaie

ventricular

Ischemic heart disease is the most frequent cause of ventricular fibrillation.

vertigo

vertij

The doctor is trying to determine the underlying cause of his vertigo.

visual

acuity

acuitate

vizual

visual

field

cmp

vizual

Although her visual field is narrow, her visual acuity is quite impressive.
W
water

retention

retenie

de

ap

Water retention is very common in people with a disorder of the thyroid gland.
weight

loss

pierdere

greutate, to

lose

weight

slbi

Dont starve yourself if you want to lose weight. Your body will feel threatened and will deposit all
the fat it can get.
white

blood

cell

leucocite

A high white blood cell count indicates that there is an infection in your body.
wisdom

tooth

msea

de

minte

All of my wisdom teeth had to be extracted because they were affecting my other molars.
X
X-ray

raze

Based on your chest X-ray, you might have emphysema. A CT scan is required at this point.
Y

yeast

infection

candidoz

Yeast infections can normally be prevented through good personal hygiene.

Z
zoster

zona

zoster

Chickenpox and zoster are triggered by the same virus. Zoster occurs when the latent virus
reactivates.