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  • V - 08 - Beiers - Hilger Chemie PDF

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    Adel Klk
    21 tayangan22 halaman
    This document discusses international experiences with conceptual designing and operation of water treatment plants. It notes that EPC projects often focus only on lowest investment costs without proper consideration of local conditions or input from consultants and owners. When designing plants, it is important to thoroughly analyze raw water quality, including variations over time, relevant substances not normally tested, and the possibility of multiple raw water sources. Experience with Chinese suppliers indicates standard solutions are used without considering local conditions, leading to issues like corrosion, improper equipment, and lack of documentation. The document emphasizes the importance of thorough initial planning and consideration of local factors for successful long-term plant operation.

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    This document discusses international experiences with conceptual designing and operation of water treatment plants. It notes that EPC projects often focus only on lowest investment costs without proper consideration of local conditions or input from consultants and owners. When designing plants, it is important to thoroughly analyze raw water quality, including variations over time, relevant substances not normally tested, and the possibility of multiple raw water sources. Experience with Chinese suppliers indicates standard solutions are used without considering local conditions, leading to issues like corrosion, improper equipment, and lack of documentation. The document emphasizes the importance of thorough initial planning and consideration of local factors for successful long-term plant operation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
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    21 tayangan22 halaman

    V - 08 - Beiers - Hilger Chemie PDF

    Diunggah oleh

    Adel Klk
    This document discusses international experiences with conceptual designing and operation of water treatment plants. It notes that EPC projects often focus only on lowest investment costs without proper consideration of local conditions or input from consultants and owners. When designing plants, it is important to thoroughly analyze raw water quality, including variations over time, relevant substances not normally tested, and the possibility of multiple raw water sources. Experience with Chinese suppliers indicates standard solutions are used without considering local conditions, leading to issues like corrosion, improper equipment, and lack of documentation. The document emphasizes the importance of thorough initial planning and consideration of local factors for successful long-term plant operation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
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    dari 22

    International Experiences in Conceptual Designing

    and Operation of Water Treatment Plants


    Dr. Heinz Georg Beiers, Dr. Magdalena Hilger
    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    General Remarks
    EPC Projects (Turn-Key)

    EPC suppliers choice only driven by commercial


    (lowest investment costs)

    No influence of owner on sup-suppliers choice

    Consultants comments often neglected

    EPC contractor without owners control during


    design, manufacturing and installation

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    Basic Considerations
    Which raw water quality(ies) is(are) available?

    Which amount of raw water is available?

    Which water qualities must be reached by the


    treatment?
    Which net water volumes are needed by the
    different consumers?
    Which reserves or futures extensions have to be
    put into consideration?

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    Raw Water Quality

    The existing raw water analysis is not sufficient

    Change of water quality over the year (e. g. dry and rainy season)

    Insufficient ion balance

    Relevant substances in water not analyzed

    An insufficient raw water analysis leads to a wrong design of the


    water treatment plant by the supplier

    7. Oktober 2016

    Fuzeilentext

    Example of a Raw Water Analysis

    Relevant parameters are


    missing, e. g.
    Total organic carbon
    (TOC)
    Total suspended solids
    Silica
    Barium (in case of RO)
    Strontium (in case of RO)
    Fluctuations over the year
    are not to be seen
    Range or max. values

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    Raw Water Quality


    Two raw water qualities at one site

    Groundwater
    only in case of sufficient ground water level

    Surface water
    In case of not sufficient ground water level

    Design of water treatment has to fit worst raw water quality

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    Basic Considerations
    What is the redundancy concept?

    Which automation level is needed?

    Which permits are relevant or have to be applied


    for?

    Will it be allowed to discharge waste water?

    What are the relevant discharge limits?

    Are there restrictions in the usage of certain


    chemicals?
    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    Experiences with Chinese Suppliers


    Standard raw water treatment solution without
    considering local conditions like raw water qualities

    Water velocities too high

    Necessary retention times for reaction too low

    Plastic materials (piping, tanks, lamellas) not UV


    resistant

    Equipment which is not available locally

    Labelling in Chinese

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    Experiences with Chinese Suppliers


    Insufficient materials
    Chinese workers not familiar with special
    requirements
    Many black box systems

    Chinese Standards

    Operation manuals missing or not in English

    No calibration of measuring equipment


    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    Corrosion after ~ 1 Year Operation

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    10

    Corrosion during Commission

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    11

    Laboratory after ~ 1 Year Operation

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    12

    Manuals after ~ 1 Year Operation

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    13

    Measurements

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    14

    Labelling

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    15

    Simple Raw Water Treatment Plant


    with PAC

    7. Oktober 2016

    Fuzeilentext

    16

    PAC Treatment in Comparison with FeCl3


    PAC

    FeCl3

    pH ~ 7
    solubility increases if pH
    decreases or increases

    pH > 6
    low solubility

    Light weighted flocs


    bad sedimentation

    Heavy weighted flocs


    good sedimentation

    Decarbonisation with
    pH ~ 10 not recommended
    because of precipitation of
    Al(OH)3 in cooling tower
    basin (wet cooling)

    7. Oktober 2016

    Fuzeilentext

    17

    Flocculation

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    18

    Comparison of Water and Steam Quality


    Requirements for Drum Type Boiler

    Demi water

    Direct
    Conductivity
    S/cm

    Cation
    Conductivity
    S/cm

    EPC

    Int.

    EPC

    < 0.4

    < 0.2

    Int.

    Feed water

    < 0.3

    < 0.1

    Superheated
    steam

    < 0.3

    < 0.1

    Boiler water

    < 60

    < 30

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    Sodium

    Silica

    g/l

    g/l

    EPC

    Int.

    EPC

    Int.

    < 0.5

    < 20

    <5

    < 50

    <5

    < 20

    <5

    < 450

    < 200

    < 10

    <5

    19

    IP Turbine Rotor after ~ 1 Year Operation

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    20

    Closing Remark

    The bitterness of poor quality remains long after the


    sweetness of low price is forgotten.
    - Benjamin Franklin -

    Take care from the early beginning until the end!

    26/10/2016

    Chemistry In Power Plants 2016

    21

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