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Problem 1: A batch hydrogenator is used for conversion of 2-butyne-1,4-doil to butenedoil using

palladium based catalyst. The reaction is first order w.r.to hydrogen and diol. The initial concentration of
diol is 2.5 kmol/m3. Liquid volume is 2 m3. Pure hydrogen is bubbled through the reactor at a pressure of
35 atm and at 35 degree C. The equilibrium hydrogen solubility is 0.01 kmol/m3. The catalyst charge is
0.1 kg/m3 with particle size of 0.01 cm and pellet density of 1500 kg/m3. Diffusivity of hydrogen in liquid
is 10-9 m2/s. Heat of reaction is 44.57 kJ/mol. The overall rate is limited by transfer of hydrogen across the
interface. Design a stirred reactor in such a way that catalyst is in suspension, uniform dispersion of gas
and heat transfer requirements are satisfied.

Critical speed for gas dispersion

Power consumption in presence of gas

N .VL
PG

= 0.1
PO
Q
G

N CD D
=4
QG0.5T 0.25
where constant 4 has the units m0.25 s 0.5
Critical impeller speed for complete suspension
(Nm) of solid

Nc =

8. 0.1dp 0.2 ( g . / L ) 0.45 X 0.13


D 0.85

0.25

N 2D4

.66
W
V
g
.
.
L

0.2

Mass transfer coefficient

P
k l a = 0.026 G
VL

0.4

VG 0.5

dp 4 l 3
k sl .dp
= 2 + 0.4

3
Da
l

0.25

lD

0.33

Heat transfer (Jacket)

hRT
0.59
0.33
=1.35 ( Re ) ( N Pr ) wall
k
bulk

-0.14

( N Fr )

-0.1

Heat transfer (Coil)

hRT
0.64
0.33
= 0.87 ( Re ) ( N Pr ) wall
k
bulk

-0.14

( N Fr )

-0.1

Problem 2:
A 1 m3 reactor is to be scaled up 125-fold geometrically similarly. Some operating conditions of
the 1 m3 fermentor are shown below. Both fermentors are to be operated basically in the
turbulent regime with an impeller Reynolds number greater than 104. The power number can be
assumed to be a constant value of 6.5. In both cases the gassed power can be assumed to be 0.6
of ungassed power. The gassed power input per unit liquid volume will be maintained constant in
the scaling up.
Operating conditions of the 1 m3 reactor:
air flow rate: 1 m3/min
exit oxygen partial pressure: 0.17 atm
inlet oxygen partial pressure: 0.21 atm
flooding gas flow rate: 3 m3/min
agitation rate: 120 rpm

Correlation for Kla: The equation should read


KLa(1/hr) = A(Pg/V)0.5Vs0.4
The flooding superficial velocity is the same in both reactors. However, in the large reactor the
gas flow rate will be in the range of 0.5 to 0.7 of flooding gas velocity as opposed to 0.333 in the
1 m3 fermentor. It is desired that the dissolved oxygen concentration in the large tank be
maintained at the same level as the small tank at 0.03 atm of PO2 (or 0.03 mM).
a) What is the agitation rate in the large fermentor?
b) Design the large fermentor with the same value of KLa. What you have to do to gas flow rate?
What is the oxygen transfer rate?
c) How do you achieve the same oxygen transfer rate? What are the KLa and the gas flow rate?
In solving problem, neglect the hydrostatic pressure effect.

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