Pre-Placed Aggregate Concrete

(PAC)
PRAYSIT TYAGI
15001515011

DEFINITION
Pre-placed aggregate concrete (PAC) is concrete
that is made by forcing grout into the voids of a
mass of clean, graded coarse aggregate densely
pre-packed in formwork.

APPLICATIONS
Where placement by conventional methods is difficult
(e.g., massive reinforcing steel and embedded items are
present or access to the area is difficult, such as the
underpinning of the toe of a dam or apron).
When low-volume change of the repair concrete is
required to avoid cracking caused by excessive tensile
stresses in the overlay concrete because of drying
shrinkage and restraint provided by the existing concrete.
Where underwater placement is necessary because
dewatering is difficult, expensive, or impractical and water
conditions permit.

Fig: Preplaced Aggregate Concrete

Repair to Concrete Wall

Fig: Preplaced Aggregate Concreting

ADVANTAGES
Under ordinary drying conditions and proper
curing, the drying shrinkage of preplaced-aggregate
concrete is approximately one-half that of ordinary
concrete.
It has exhibited excellent bonding to properly
prepared concrete surfaces and with the proper
amount of entrained air has superior resistance to
alternate cycles of freezing and thawing.
It is adaptable to underwater construction, and the
use of formwork guarantees a flat, even surface not
possible with tremie or underwater pumped
operations.

DISADVANTAGES/LIMITATIONS
The cost of preplaced-aggregate concrete may be
significantly higher than that of conventional
concrete for normal concrete repair jobs.
The quality of preplaced-aggregate concrete
underwater repairs can be influenced by highly
contaminated water.

Shotcrete
Definition- Shotcrete is defined as pneumatically
applied concrete or mortar placed directly on to
a surface.

Types of processes for placing

shotcrete
Dry mix process
Thoroughly mixing the dry materials, l
Feeding of these materials into mechanical feeder
or gun,
Carrying the materials by compressed air through a
hose to a special nozzle,
Introducing water at nozzle point and intimately
mixing it with other ingredients at the nozzle;
Jetting the mixture from the nozzle at high velocity
on to the surface to receive the shotcrete.

Fig: Dry Mix Shortcrete

Wet-mix process
Thoroughly mixing all the ingredients with the
exception of the accelerating admixture, if used;
Feeding the mixture into the delivery
equipment;
Delivering the mixture by positive displacement
or compressed air to the nozzle;
Jetting the mixture from the nozzle at high
velocity on to the surface to receive the
shotcrete.

Fig: Wet Mix Shortcrete