IGNEOUS ROCKS

Andesite is a fine-grained, extrusive igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase with other
minerals such as hornblende, pyroxene, and biotite. The specimen shown is about two inches (five
centimeters) across.
Diorite is a coarse-grained, intrusive igneous rock that contains a mixture of feldspar,
pyroxene, hornblende, and sometimes quartz. The specimen shown above is about two inches (five
centimeters) across.
Granite is a coarse-grained, light-colored, intrusive igneous rock that contains mainly quartz,
feldspar, and mica minerals. The specimen above is about two inches (five centimeters) across.

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
Breccia is a clastic sedimentary rock that is composed of large (over two-millimeter diameter) angular
fragments. The spaces between the large fragments can be filled with a matrix of smaller particles or
a mineral cement which binds the rock together. The specimen shown above is about two inches (five
centimeters) across.
Chert is a microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline sedimentary rock material composed of silicon dioxide
(SiO2). It occurs as nodules and concretionary masses, and less frequently as a layered deposit. It
breaks with a conchoidal fracture, often producing very sharp edges. Early people took advantage of
how chert breaks and used it to fashion cutting tools and weapons. The specimen shown above is
about two inches (five centimeters) across.
Coal is an organic sedimentary rock that forms mainly from plant debris. The plant debris usually
accumulates in a swamp environment. Coal is combustible and is often mined for use as a fuel. The
specimen shown above is about two inches (five centimeters) across.

METAMORPHIC ROCKS
Amphibolite is a non-foliated metamorphic rock that forms through recrystallization under conditions
of high viscosity and directed pressure. It is composed primarily of hornblende(amphibole)
and plagioclase, usually with very little quartz. The specimen shown above is about two inches (five
centimeters) across.
Gneiss is a foliated metamorphic rock that has a banded appearance and is made up of granular
mineral grains. It typically contains abundant quartz or feldspar minerals. The specimen shown
above is about two inches (five centimeters) across.
Hornfels is a fine-grained nonfoliated metamorphic rock with no specific composition. It is produced
by contact metamorphism. Hornfels is a rock that was "baked" while near a heat source such as a
magma chamber, sill, or dike. The specimen shown above is about two inches (five centimeters)
across.

ANDESITE

Andesite

is a fine-grained, extrusive igneous rock composed mainly of

plagioclase with other minerals such as hornblende, pyroxene, and biotite.
The specimen shown is about two inches (five centimeters) across.

DIORITE

Diorite is a coarse-grained, intrusive igneous rock that contains a

mixture of feldspar, pyroxene, hornblende, and sometimes quartz. The
specimen shown above is about two inches (five centimeters) across.

GRANITE

Granite is a coarse-grained, light-colored, intrusive igneous rock that

contains mainly quartz, feldspar, and mica minerals. The specimen above is
about two inches (five centimeters) across.

BRECCIA

Breccia

is a clastic sedimentary rock that is composed of large (over two-millimeter

diameter) angular fragments. The spaces between the large fragments can be filled with
a matrix of smaller particles or a mineral cement which binds the rock together. The
specimen shown above is about two inches (five centimeters) across.

CHERT

Chert is a microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline sedimentary rock material

composed of silicon dioxide (SiO2). It occurs as nodules and concretionary masses,
and less frequently as a layered deposit. It breaks with a conchoidal fracture, often
producing very sharp edges. Early people took advantage of how chert breaks and
used it to fashion cutting tools and weapons. The specimen shown above is about two
inches (five centimeters) across.

AMPHIBOLITE

Amphibolite is a non-foliated metamorphic rock that forms through

recrystallization under conditions of high viscosity and directed pressure. It is
composed primarily of hornblende(amphibole) and plagioclase, usually with
very little quartz. The specimen shown above is about two inches (five
centimeters) across.

GNEISS

Gneiss is a foliated metamorphic rock that has a banded appearance and

is made up of granular mineral grains. It typically contains
abundant quartz or feldspar minerals. The specimen shown above is about
two inches (five centimeters) across.

HORNFELS

Hornfels is a fine-grained nonfoliated metamorphic rock with no specific

composition. It is produced by contact metamorphism. Hornfels is a rock that
was "baked" while near a heat source such as a magma chamber, sill, or dike.
The specimen shown above is about two inches (five centimeters) across.

COAL

Coal is an organic sedimentary rock that forms mainly from plant debris.
The plant debris usually accumulates in a swamp environment. Coal is
combustible and is often mined for use as a fuel. The specimen shown above is
about two inches (five centimeters) across.

Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

Lopez National Comprehensive High School

Lopez, Quezon

PROJECT IN

EARTH SCIENCE
Submitted by:
Zymon Joshua A. Marcaida
Grade 7 JVV

Submitted to:
Mrs. Myrna D. Arcega
Teacher