REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS (Theory)

Course Code
Hrs/Week
Credits

:
:
:

16EI7F4
L:T:P:S
4

4:0:0:0

CIE Marks
SEE Marks
SEE Duration

:
:
:

100
100
3 hrs

Course Learning Objectives:

Students are able to
1. To explore through the basics of RTS and to master the essential command set, that can
be used to work comfortably.
2. To impart knowledge of real time concepts like semaphores, mutex, thread, process,
priorities, etc.
3. The ability to combine commands to perform tasks that are not possible to achieve using
single command.
4. Acquire knowledge of real time memory management
UNIT-I

8 Hrs

Introduction to OS and RTOS

Architecture of OS (Monolithic, Microkernel, Layered, Exo-kernel and Hybrid kernel structures), Operating system
objectives and functions, Virtual Computers, Interaction of O. S. & hardware architecture, Evolution of operating
systems, Batch, multi programming. Multitasking, Multiuser, parallel, distributed & real time O.S.

UNIT-II

8 Hrs

Process Management of OS/RTOS

Uniprocessor Scheduling: Types of scheduling, scheduling algorithms: FCFS, SJF, Priority,
Round Robin, UNIX Multi-level feedback queue scheduling, Thread Scheduling, Multiprocessor
Scheduling concept, Real Time Scheduling concepts.
UNIT-III
8 Hrs
Process Synchronization
Concurrency: Principles of Concurrency, Mutual Exclusion H/W Support, software approaches, Semaphores and
Mutex, Message Passing, Monitors, Classical Problems of Synchronization: Readers-Writers Problem, Producer
Consumer Problem, Dining Philosopher problem. Deadlock: Principles of deadlock, Deadlock Prevention, Deadlock
Avoidance, Deadlock Detection, An Integrated Deadlock Strategies.

UNIT-IV

8 Hrs

Memory & I/O Management

Memory Management requirements, Memory partitioning: Fixed, dynamic, partitioning, Buddy System
Memory allocation Strategies (First Fit, Best Fit, Worst Fit, Next Fit), Fragmentation, Swapping,
Segmentation, Paging, Virtual Memory, Demand paging, Page Replacement Policies (FIFO, LRU, Optimal,
clock) ,Thrashing, Working Set Model.

I/O Management and Disk Scheduling: I/O Devices, Organization of I/O functions, Operating
System Design issues, I/O Buffering, Disk Scheduling (FCFS, SCAN, C-SCAN, SSTF), Disk
Caches.
UNIT-V

8 Hrs

RTOS APPLICATION DOMAINS

Comparison and study of RTOS: Vxworks and COS Case studies: RTOS for Image Processing
Embedded RTOS for voice over IP RTOS for fault Tolerant Applications RTOS for Control
Systems.
Course Outcomes:
After going through this course the student will be able to:
CO1.
CO2.
CO3.
CO4.

understand the fundamental concepts of real-time operating systems

Analyze the different techniques used to develop an application through RTOS
appreciate the use of multitasking techniques in real-time systems
Understand the impact of real time operating systems on application area.

Reference Books:
1.

Wayne Wolf, Computers as Components: Principles of Embedded Computing System

Design, 2/e, Kindle Publishers, 2005. ISBN 978-0-12-374397-8.

2.

Tanenbaum, Modern Operating Systems, 3/e, Pearson Edition, 2007. ISBN: 013359162X,
9780133591620

Jean J Labrosse, Embedded Systems Building Blocks Complete and Ready-to-use

Modules in C, 2/e, 1999. ISBN: 10: 0879306041.
4. C.M.Krishna and G.Shin, Real Time Systems, McGraw-Hill International Edition,
1997. ISBN:13:978-0-07-070115-6.
3.

Mapping of Course Outcomes (CO) to Program Outcomes (PO)

PO1

PO2

PO3

PO4

PO5

PO6

PO7

PO8

PO9

PO10

PO11

CO1

CO2

CO3

CO4

Mapping of Course Outcomes (CO) to Program Specific Outcomes (PSO)

CO1
CO2
CO3
CO4

PSO1
0
1
0
1

PSO2
2
2
2
2