Assignment on Refrigeration Cycle

Q.1] refrigeration machine is required to produce i.e., at 0C from water at 20C. The
machine has a condenser temperature of 298 K while the evaporator temperature is 268 K.
The relative efficiency of the machine is 50% and 6 kg of Freon-12 refrigerant is circulated
through the system per minute. The refrigerant enters the compressor with a dryness fraction
of 0.6. Specific heat of water is 4.187 kJ/kg K and the latent heat of ice is 335 kJ/kg.
Calculate the amount of ice produced on 24 hours. The table of properties of Freon-12 is
given below:
Temperature (K)

Liquid heat (kJ/kg)

Latent heat (kJ/kg)

298
268

59.7
31.4

138.0
154.0

Entropy of
(kJ/kg.K)
0.2232
0.1251

liquid

Q.2] 28 tonnes of ice from and at 0C is produced per day in an ammonia refrigerator. The
temperature range in the compressor is from 25C to 15C. The vapour is dry and saturated
at the end of compression and an expansion valve is used. Assuming a co-efficient of
performance of 62% of the theoretical, calculate the power required to drive the compressor.
Take latent heat of ice = 335 kJ/kg.
Temperature (C)

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

25
-15

Liquid
100.04
-54.56

Vapour
1319.22
1304.99

Entropy
of
liquid (kJ/kg.K)

Entropy
vapour
(kJ/kg.K)

0.3473
-2.1338

4.4852
5.0585

of

Q.3] A simple vapour compression plant produces 5 tonnes of refrigeration. The enthalpy
values at inlet to compressor, at exit from the compressor, and at exit from the condenser are
183.19, 209.41 and 74.59 kJ/kg respectively. Estimate: (i) The refrigerant flow rate, (ii) The
C.O.P., (iii) The power required to drive the compressor, and (iv) The rate of heat rejection to
the condenser.
Q.4] A R-12 refrigerator works between the temperature limits of 10C and + 30C. The
compressor employed is of 20 cm 15 cm, twin cylinder, single-acting compressor having a
volumetric efficiency of 85%. The compressor runs at 500 r.p.m. The refrigerant is subcooled and it enters at 22C in the expansion valve. The vapour is superheated and enters the
compressor at 2C. Work out the following - (i) Show the process on T-s and p-h diagrams;
(ii) The amount of refrigerant circulated per minute; (iii) The tonnes of refrigeration; (iv) The
C.O.P. of the system.
Q.5] A Freon-12 refrigerator producing a cooling effect of 20 kJ/s operates on a simple cycle
with pressure limits of 1.509 bar and 9.607 bar. The vapour leaves the evaporator dry
saturated and there is no undercooling. Determine the power required by the machine. If the
compressor operates at 300 r.p.m. and has a clearance volume of 3% of stroke volume,
determine the piston displacement of the compressor. For compressor assume that the
expansion following the law pv1.13 = constant.

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)
Temperature
(C)

Ps bar

-20

1.509

40

9.607

Vg
m3/kg

Entropy
of liquid
(kJ/kg.K
)

Entropy
of
vapour
(kJ/kg.K
)

Specific heat
kJ/kg.K

Liquid

Vapour

Cpf

0.1088

17.8

178.61

0.073

0.7082

74.53

203.05

0.2716

0.682

0.97
6

Cpg
0.60
5
0.74
7

Q.6] An air refrigeration cycle has pressure ratio of 8, temperature of air at beginning of
compression is 30C and air is cooled up to 27C after compression. Compression and
expansion processes have isentropic efficiency of 85% and 90% respectively. Determine the
refrigeration capacity and coefficient of performance. Consider Cp = 1.005 kJ/kg K, = 1.4
and air flow rate of 1 kg/s.
Q.7] An air cooling system for aeroplane has refrigeration capacity of 15 tons. Atmospheric
air is available at 0.9 bar, 3C and due to ramming action pressure rises up to 1 bar. The ram
air leaves main compressor at 4 bar and subsequently 66% of heat of compressed air is
removed in air cooled heat exchanger and then passed through an evaporator for further
cooling. Temperature of air gets lowered by 10C in evaporator and this cool air is then
expanded in cooling turbine before being supplied to passenger cabin maintained at 1.03 bar.
Air leaves cabin at 25C. Considering isentropic efficiency of compressor and turbine as 0.9
and 0.8 determine, (a) HP required to run the system, (b) COP of system.
Q.8] A vapour compression refrigeration cycle operates between the condensation
temperature of 20C and evaporator temperature of 10C with carbon dioxide as refrigerant.
Temperature after isentropic compression is 40C and condensate leaves at 10C before being
passed through expansion valve. Determine COP of system and mass flow rate of CO2
required to get refrigeration effect of 2 kW. Properties of CO2 are given as under:
Temperature
(C)

Ps bar

Vg
m3/kg

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

20

57.27

Liquid
144.11

-10

26.49

0.014

60.78

Entropy
of liquid
(kJ/kg.K
)

Entropy
of
vapour
(kJ/kg.K
)

Vapour
299.62

0.523

1.0527

322.28

0.2381

1.2324

Specific heat
kJ/kg.K

Cpf
2.88
9
-

Cpg
2.13
5
-

Q.9] A vapour compression cycle works on Freon-12 refrigerant with condensation

temperature of 40C and evaporator temperature of 20C. Refrigeration effect of 2.86 ton is
desired from the cycle. The compressor runs with 1200 rpm and has clearance volume of 2%.
Considering compression index of 1.13 and following data determine. (a) the COP (b) the
piston displacement in the reciprocating compressor used for compression. Use property table
of Freon given in Q.5.

Q.10] In a refrigerator working on Bell Coleman cycle the air enters compressor at 1 bar and
10C and gets compressed up to 5.5 bar. Compressed air is cooled to 27C at same pressure
before being sent to expander for expansion up to 1 bar and then passes through refrigerated
space. Determine refrigeration capacity, hp required to run compressor and COP of system if
air flow rate is 0.8 kg/s.