Mikroorganisma & Kesannya Terhadap Benda Hidup

CHAPTER 9:
MICROORGANISMS

Instructions: Complete , labelled and state the main function for each parts in the diagram
below.
Lengkapkan , label dan nyatakan fungsi utama setiap bahagian di dalam rajah
di bawah.

1. Diagram 1 : CLASSIFICATION : Fills in the blanks.

Rajah 1: Pengenalpastian Isi tempat kosong
Microorganisms Class of microorganisms
Mikroorganisma Kumpulan mikroorganisma

spirogyra ..

rod spirillium ..

..

Yeast Mucor

..
Paramesium
Amoeba

..
bacteriophage

1
Mikroorganisma & Kesannya Terhadap Benda Hidup

2. Diagram 2 : SUITABLE FACTORS for ACTIVE GROWTH : Fill in the blanks.

Rajah 2: Faktor sesuai untuk pertumbuhan aktif Isi tempat kosong

(a) .. (b) ..

Growth of microorganisms/ Growth of microorganisms/

number of bacteria colony number of bacteria colony

active active
Maximum rate
Maximum rate
25%-40%

inactive
inactive
35% % of humidity
Amount of nutrient

(c).. (d) ..

Growth of microorganisms/ Growth of microorganisms/

number of bacteria colony number of bacteria colony

active active
Maximum rate rate
Maximum Maximum
Maximum rate rate
25%-40%
pH7 37C
25%-40%

inactive inactive

pH 7 %pH value
of humidity
37c Temperature C
% of humidity

2
Mikroorganisma & Kesannya Terhadap Benda Hidup

1. Nutrient :....

2. Light : ..

5 factors suitable for bacterial

growth 3. Temperature:..
5 faktor sesuai untuk pertumbuhan
4. pH value :....

5.Humidity:..

EXPERIMENTS:

1. AIM :
MV :

RV : ...

CV :.

2. AIM :

MV :

RV : ...

CV :.

3. AIM :

3
Mikroorganisma & Kesannya Terhadap Benda Hidup

MV :

RV : ...

CV :.

4. AIM :

X Y Z
Hydrochloric Sodium Distilled
Acid Hydroxide water
(pH 2) (pH 13) (pH 7)
ACID ALKALINE NEUTRAL
MV :

RV : ...
X
CV :.

5 ml Nutrient Brooth + 1 ml Bacteria Culture

3. Diagram 3 USEFUL BACTERIA : State the examples

Rajah 3: Bakteria berguna Nyatakan contoh

(a) DIGESTION OF FOOD

Penghadaman makanan

1. ..

2. ..

(b) DECOMPOSITION AND RECYCLING OF MATERIALS

Pereputan dan kitar semula bahan

1. ..

2. ..

(c) MEDICINE AND HEALTH SUPPLEMENTS

Perubatan

1. ..

4
Mikroorganisma & Kesannya Terhadap Benda Hidup

2. ..

(d) AGRICULTURE
Pertanian

1. ..

2. ..

(e) INDUSTRIES
Industri

1. ..

2. ..

3. ..

4. ..

Diagram 4 : HARMFUL MICROORGANISMS DISEASES

Rajah 4: Mikroorganisma berbahaya Penyakit

PATHOGEN : ..

Examples of diseases caused by:

Diseases by BACTERIA: Diseases by VIRUS:

1 1.
2 2.
3.. 3.
4.. 4.

Diseases by FUNGI: Diseases by PROTOZOA:

1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4.

5
Mikroorganisma & Kesannya Terhadap Benda Hidup

1.

2.

DISEASES SPREAD through 3. ..

Penyakit merebak melalui
4.

5.

5. Diagram 5 : WAYS TO PREVENT INFECTION Fill in the blanks

Rajah 5 Langkah untuk mengelakkan jangkitan isi tempat kosong

1.
(a) mosquitoes
(b) houseflies

2. ..
3 ways to prevent infection (a) heat
(b) radiation
(c) chemicals

3.
(a) Active immunity
- natural : chicken pox
- artificial : vaccination
(b) Passive immunity
- natural : feeding mother
- artificial : antiserum

6
Mikroorganisma & Kesannya Terhadap Benda Hidup

(a) VECTOR CONTROL

Kawalan vektor
(i) Mosquito
Nyamuk

(ii) Houseflies
Lalat

Methods to prevent on stage:

Cara untuk mengelakkan pada peringkat
EGG :

LARVAE :

PUPA :

ADULT :

7
Mikroorganisma & Kesannya Terhadap Benda Hidup

(b) STERILISATION : kills /destroy microorganism

Sterilisasi: membunuh/memusnahkan mikroorganism

1. . Autoclave, High pressure,

120C

2. . Ultraviolet rays, Gamma rays

Sterilisation

3. .. Disinfectants : iodine, chlorine

Antiseptics : hydrogen peroxide

(b) IMMUNITY : ability to kills/destroy pathogens before caused diseases

Keimunan: kebolehan untuk membunuh/memusnah patogen sebelum penyakit

a) ..Active Immunity
Ex: Chicken-pox
1. .

b) Active Immunity
Ex: Vaccine Hepatitis; Rubella
IMMUNITY

a) ... Passive Immunity

Ex: feeding mothers milk
Penyusuan ibu
2.
b) .. Passive Immunity
Ex: Antiserum (Serum + antibodies)
Tetanus

IMPORTANCE of immunity
protect our body from bring infected by certain diseases
Kepentingan keimunan-melindungi tubuh daripada dijangkiti penyakit