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    Engineered-Plumbing-Design-II-ASPE-Dr-Steel-2004

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    Engineered-Plumbing-Design-II-ASPE-Dr-Steel-2004

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    444 tayangan153 halaman

    Last Plumbing

    Diunggah oleh

    Yorymao
    Engineered-Plumbing-Design-II-ASPE-Dr-Steel-2004

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF atau baca online dari Scribd
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    _Sperimtycnp depponinne nn ‘Star pt op rent a nino oan! a ‘Seon Alaa ation se eather tht the Buber oo ene in cern pa, Cong enone er te poe: ‘Soa sere cng egering ave rte xe aie ‘eich ofacanpeta pein sbi eae _Amerian Sosy of Plumbing Ragiaers ‘chicago I ese ‘Ga eal apeg@upe cn here ww nk ony © 2008 by Ameri Sat of ing Enger Aight No pt of his ook maybe epi rapa ny fr ‘rn ems eon cha nang ennprg nd reen Sy neat od yo, oa go Acknowledgments. omen pegle hove cnet to, reviewed ad eharwite haga ‘make posses book. which hasbeen ay ena in he making, Wile ‘ton be impel it the names ol hae dvd Th American Savery of Pmbing Engnersaprciates te werk they Have dane. Specs ‘skomledgment goes othe folowing [ACalvn Laws, PE, CPD, for his eft in rewriting a reve. “gee anginal ‘rank Teehapy PE, CLP. an Harold Olsen, PE, fer elt pee ree ad ontbion Dirksen, ASP Teenie Diet, for her worl work ad “onbutone ‘The Soc alio Weald ike wo thank Coordinating Er Mina Feel wo nd the ult halen of bnging together he many eo concent {hd autor and commie varios me ‘Page design and eyout by Dad Rope About ASPE “The American Society of Plambing Engineers (ASPE isthe international ‘Stpntntonoprfesonal din the design sh pecistion pain “Symes. ASPE edited to the advancement of te sence of lumina ‘Shginewiag ie peesionl growth apd advancement os embers and thee wel, sft ofthe publ "The Saisie ciel ds annem pons aces ‘har ite ercton th flow profesional and trough rears “Spd educason srograme apa the bate of knowledge of the plating “Sgineering nda ASP member arlene in nnorae plumbing Soe, “clei ners and energy are, andthe sppleaton of vince eset From aoond ths wor Worldwide Membership — ASPE was founded in 964 and crventy as 7.500 member Spanning the lobe, members re ated inthe United Sates, Canady Aig Meicn, South Amerie, the South Pale, Austral, nd arope: They represent an extensive near of expend engines signer codec eestor, contractor and maacrrers interested Infrcerng el erer he profession, andthe ins. ASPE ia the forettont of teiology In aon ASPE fepesees mers and proms {he proesion anong al epmens of de constcen naa. [ASPE Memborship Communication — All manbur belong to ASPE ‘weldwide andtave the oppatuniy to belong and parspate none the {twas pri or loo chapters trough the US td Canada ASPE hte rod the mr communication in andthe Bis ne of sev ad (ropa forte indica mene: Communication wih he merbersip {Fane essugh the Sosey's monthly mapaine, Hamby Sem nd ‘as and the nenhly ewe ASPE Report which cope io fete magne ‘Technical Publications — The Socery maintains «comprehensive publishing prem, spearheaded by the profession's tai efeenc tex. he ‘BSPE abn ngeting Deg Handel (PEDH), The PEDH encompassing ‘37 capes our volutes, roids comprehensive deal of the acepeed Practices aad desiga citer wd inthe Bed of plating engineing. Now ‘sins hr il orn ASPE pushed rary of ptsinal eh ‘munis and undbook nla: Parrett eg Ma, igh Ting Elen aie erga, Heth Cae Fa onde Dong Maal nd Water ese es Maal Convention and Technical Symposium — The Sociy hosts bea \Conestions in efer-aubared eran Techical Symposia years so profesional plumbing egies snd desgners can improve Set ‘lean orignal ences, and make import eewortng cnt oelp em he fcr eds and lege fc wha reaton dees an ngieeed Pung Espostion, he res pterng plumbing engin ane esp product eqlpment and verve rds on pay aca pps to pumps to ues, compressor so computes to ‘costing eves, ping ene ahd pier the oppo oe oe ewes and mot Inporaie mata ad egument seabe, Certified in Plumbing Design — ASP gonsrs national crcation rogram er engineers an designs of plambing ystems which ete he ‘slgaton Ceri in Plumbing Design or CPD, The craton program [Rovaes te profesion, the plumbing ndury, and the ental puch» Sing comprehensive gudliton of professional comgetene fax egies ad designers of plumbing sytma The CPD, designed ext by tad ‘Gc plumbing eager, tes hundreds of engineer snd designe cotes ‘heoughout te United Sates ennai. Created wo provide wage unform total credential in che fd of engineered plumbing sjten, de CPD Tage Sat nny ny comet at rege Pet ce () regiatin, ASPE Research Foundation ~The ASP Resch Founda etishnd 1n1976, ithe only Independen inpatiaorannaton ile in pmbing ‘Senerng and dslgn esearch The scene of plumblag engineering aes [Srthing. fom de ule of oar inking mateo te onserenion of our water resources tothe balding codes for plumbing sytem Oa ves {re ingacted daly bythe avances aden plang engsesing ecology ‘hrough te Foundations exch and demoprent Preface Are Sele, PE. CPE, autor th fist Engineered Plbing Desig book in Fetruay 1998 leaving bend an enduring work the Sed pombing gacevig With is pusing the Amen Sacer of Plablg Enlaces ‘the foresight urcase lights tothe orig ook. ‘Wid hiok thie ed cary oa where et of. Eaginered Punting Design i nie bok inte it eevee band racial ilormaten apd the siete underpinnings of plumbing design is perfectly matched fee he design's neoa In contrast many boks have Seen poled on ling th are ld with nameroos lanes of os Seng, bles, ‘yw do le to ait athe design of engcered plumbing sues tan prclr te leave out the scent basis needed to make Sound Scone degaing plumbing system. “This edition was a clbortve efor to opts ll prs ofthe tet, where Zepoprise, comet some minor eos a improve the psp sn the ener! pesenason ofthe book make leven and sible forthe ‘ee generation pombing engines. thank Mina Feel tnd he Sey Saf forcoordinating the any editorial comments. The ages share of [patie goes omy fellow ASPE members and eves, Fak Fe, CIP and Ved L. Olson, PE forthe np in eing ofthe scond | fdion of Engineered Planting Design and tl. Didsen, Decor ef ‘Techn Seraces with the Amer Soc of Pubing Enpoe', oll er ep ined and in ringing his etn vo publton. ‘The American Sockey of Plumbing Engineer, «spec “ThankYou” fr Yur wom and resi ro comin the den of he pets with {he plato o ths book nd fr efring me the hoe Spree ot {algwing ina gene man ote, A. Cahin Laws, PE, CPD ‘Chapter 3: low in Horizontal Ping. vata ‘Song ten ‘Sing. seca aS Pec io Ss Somes Shelia moe indy ‘Som = Bea ‘Reale eng oe pe, oe Sante ‘ior Yes acd na aS “Tests of Plumbing Syste a= (Chaper 9 Venusizing [Chapter 1: Flow in Water rina pan els i Bsn 110 =e Sia mee ‘Chapter 12: Vlocy Bees in "20 Dts in Romer et) ‘Chapter 13: Water Sytem ‘ae nt ‘hap 17 Sng he Hot Water ‘ptopeet or Be ome ‘Sate SSl@l Chapter 20 Child Deaking “Water 198 ‘Chapter 15: Water hinge Coss ‘System ceo Rigen Component 199 pout of iP ‘Sea Rel 0 Sippy eceerseeentSt Conran Une Sen 300 ‘eines ortcow teen Child Derg Wael ute The le sls of wer ‘isa were ena oer ‘op, ) Sow ana) spon ee, ‘eae fe hog ed face Sinaia wit aceeda Siideuant iat smc See nia centre So Seen cats immerse Sees, Pir 6 Ted ou ‘Geta Tel Bape ot Feira cel oe aie rie ny inal Fare 8 Fh nk (Gg) 12 Fre 21 pal Fare Rap. 20 Fte22. Grown Vn Tap 20 gic mu aon nt sc gat ne ee Fre 25 Mesinus Pemisiie ‘tne td Neptve rere —22 ewe 2S Lesson pena lef oe gue 27 Gis eet. 25 [pw 31 Half Flow 26 Fe 32. thse Sort ith ‘rare St spe 33 See Shapes 32 Fie 41. Crow scn a Sct owing ot Dep apn 34 gue #2 Hydrant O36 senate erty gee ing Fs Dl, pee 54 United Graig Figure S5_ Hinges si Sop greet Dagremate Speen of terrence of pein ck Pog s Fre 62 Bech neal pwc en Sg ewe?) ‘pil oon 67 Renzi recaomedors, gue 82 Ven Pipe Opening Feet Venus Fe ay ire aig es Fur 8.4 Hoot Run fee 04 Fare 85 Yering Se Haig “lorena ce HS ure Yering Sek Ofc 86 aera, wwe gi guess Wena ow eres) Succeed Vat A Pesce Cconantinp FESS Dosti ak gse9i Vou bait Suing 9? Fe. Singer Medes 99 Fipse 102. Tap Mowe Morr ih “ete Range N08 ngei0 3 ‘iphwrd igre 4 Dye 208 ‘Fine 105 Operon fs oma cer 107 Fling ete 107 ‘Rong Semge 17 8 eampleing Gye 10? ‘Fgee tt Sanoule Tico "Disepang ctor. ane ingress 18 gee 181 woos Sh ipsa?” Sock Abie 128 ‘igs 123 Pear sup onal ‘pee 182 How coma bce "Eine ae ae) a ‘Rpee 33 ple Pa pe "eee oy vege oes cme Fre 186. Comesn a Fiatare ‘Uist go feared ce). re 13.7, Comernn of Fata “lst ope aed Suen) 37 pre 41 Slo Dan ‘ye 1 nemesis si | Troe ms feue 62, ows ure 161,Comennal oe Fare 162 Sth Tle at Sct nearer Wa ee 62 gre 63S and Cal Ute ‘See peterson eS Fare 164 Comentona Srge Regaiuoe Leon 166 pe 16S fywrmenn Fre 161) gh eb 17 ‘lgue 1613. pial Hoe Winer Serge a ae as gue 171 ped Spe eer tinted Bator ofS) 2 pe 12, Downed cen Ger edt focrt sen) ot gue -3. Contotion Upland Bowne em eer nae at om Span) onis Age 7-4, wren yen Beer Tce ip af Spe nn 1S awe 1-5, Crotonton Upon Bowne Semler ced ae TpalSpec) fae ge 7-6 pled ower Tote ofp) 18 ggg? aie ene Paget Pomeieait sige lb permis [gre 183, Rr xpanon 195 Fgh) Shear Retison ‘Gr st rye 20 Dorf Lap Fyre 203, Upfed em Lap 202 Fre 204 Nate Aer Downe ‘Sot 204 gueads Meir Oped ‘Se 20s gue sl) Spi a 212 Fre 212 Secon oes Tal ‘isorpon Penh 218 gre 21, Riog Sh — One ‘Soe and Ye ‘as gerd? RS greta Nowig tne ge Se Gas he Rag ‘Sm Wedge squeaz eee eg ‘Sem bole Fg 26 No Ry Sen re ‘SpenFouho ‘ao re 22.7_ Boe Ge ae No sng Sten WelgeDse 227 fre. Sod Wege Oe 228 gre 229 sedge Design 228 "gre 2210 “Unon Bone Pg De fee22 1 Una Bone, erence ass gre 22.12 Sere ora, eter Dae ass ‘ile foe Fae 2218 Unon Bonet ‘Conpotion Dae nn 286 gues Comenicn Seng So meta gues” Swing Chit ‘Ste Le ight 238 Fie 2216 Doe Dc Check Tire a) Fie Sng ch eye Het Cock e219 Horna bal ‘che spgre 22.20 Sent Chek Wve = 20 Fre22.21 Open of rene epi ae “a gre 2222 Dace Open Si Tio i aa) squat) pic Opened ‘Btpiaem nae ewe 222¢ Pr Oped rear Tepting Whe as feue 2225 Coon ht 248 Fre 2226 Thi PY Ase Rgwe2227 Plage 950 Fgwe2220 Bal bes 350 Fgie2229 Pad teed et "gue 22.30 Dar aces Acting ‘rise bey ae Sent Bae ny gue 2232 Bony Vie Dis “es a0 grea Bory ie Se 3 gine Hing ei ‘bes Son eait, 3 “Rble 111 Deny fare Ware AIT ea ea e sane ery ie Se sti a wmoics tee ie: Mito aches 2s =i EIS Siti i wits Sik Ha Be 1 Ree Sic io BEIGE Mince sortie Peurenwort Re Genego CNET wel -BHLED acca’ "Bem cast in, MECET Bacwedtiom tiers MC te Baad, ae Mr utc pot ms Gauicendior S Basopleo sted? pou REN! Gentine precede cnttaiis | ee es “ThE nal ea clicop’ Na Caine ald) = 6 Nee un “Dhie 166 Np Hae “epprr anting Pae, “lle 167 Time/ Water emperaare ‘Cntistone Modu he Danae nn ‘wile pine eae (70 Racer ep). tes ‘wie Het ten wd Gaon “phic Sieg Tein Wier ‘icuaig Se, 1 cmb yeti ee ‘Bian Been i at epee aa ‘ale Cae co SEE ig pat oF @. “eA” Gots ee aiiceensiaread? “Tle 21-5 “Abeorpion Are eee an eoaere ee ‘oak iyi Saaz cee “Senne age gs eee “MAT ai ac Sete Se ee Forti ae neo athe irene — 20 sales eng Systems and Fixtures “The Amerian Scie of Plumbing Engineers dene lmbing sytems as aul poabe water soppy and cnsbaon pipe: lambing fares nd esp, Sing and ver pipe, and balding Goose) dra, ding thet spec tive fe ad conection, deve, recepaces, a appurenaees Within {he proper ines ofthe premises and ncading pote water piping pore ‘wserreang or srngegeipmene fo gaping, te estes, Sh vents Seame, "Node code defines plumbing syste al pote weer buldingsppiy ‘nd dstbuion pps al plumbing atures and ps, ll nage ad ent Pipe), an al Bdng dane and ting sewers ncding tet resp {eon and connection deve, recexors, and wpputenaness Within the oper ines ofthe premises and halide pute water ppg, pobie Sree eating or wsingequipment medal ps anda vacuum ees ‘el as piping water ewes and ves fx tame” umbing engineers are responsi e ses a serveal yes of ul ings, including commerciales and Inston ula, och as was abr, industria lan, ls, cok, topng centers Now Ing develope, power lan research center and sport comptes "ine plumbing engines is now responsible for design ofthe allowing seme 1 Sanitary riage 9. Acid and indi waste 2 Shia seagedoponl fo, Chilatrnking wae 3 Sto water ranape hen 4 Shedim 1 Neural mansrred 5 Stam wat pot 3 Ducted periam 5. Donat Bee 2°Caldser Cnc and surgical & Hor woer 3 Lateatoy Hot water restion © Gening , Tempered water 14, Aegon E Tepd war foremergency 15. Onygen ‘yeaah and 16, Cabondionde 4. repre 1 Neon A Sandie 1. Noa nde B Spies 19 Neen € 20, Deon water Inge Fd ge 2. Wer eames 26, Radon waste 25, Liquid soap pening 2, ols and decor fountains 24 Danette 28 Lawn speller sigan 25, Fo waste apo! and slid vastehending thu ty en ce ere ey ar en nd ec systema for which he plumbing engine cle pono fans Wisc er prteiona cxperse os = Fare Selection “le ype. gouty, and arangemen of plumbing furs i uly the ecg of he ache, but teense mum ete td ais he Efchtes os ope and atangenent 28 patclay spe reuemen The pe and quan of fixture o bee in bding ceed "ponte number of people served and ee peo bung occupancy. Thee ‘joFenent ae dey deleted in eery Bldg code: Spaate ies ‘nist be proved or ml nd eal persed these ites mst be itn ey acess rm any Hor ofthe bung any ces" hsben it ‘Epc o mean within oor dst sot person eet ato walk tmore han ne far po own ual of Fares Manufacturers have accepted certain standard fo he mansicrre of phning fxres. Mose manufcorers adhere thee sana oat, the pest me tue quality sa minor rblem, Ais of ance ce ing plumbing Beturs, plumbing desig, nd engineering alae in ae [Fi hese sandr inclde sme tht pomp recent tend The listo of water consumption wate sts 018 gals per fah QP is eutedin oat jon ato eget fares se ess ensue acest forthe handicapped in pubic epee buligs ‘Snes chould bef wth thee seandide a suet conc apabe ‘ats forthe acon a which eds sng done ‘Wher evlting ures, the flowing cartes shoo be ceil set Dorey (Conon resistance (sid esting) ‘Sato meen et ‘Bence ote ‘eget peflrmanc te service intended oncraled aig sures. Miers mow commodly ue nthe manure of fats ae en ‘edt ion, enameled poe! tec veto ina ied earcware Sand iniense ldooay. lst, aluminum, and stone cnponons Biveteen ne apr Syn dee ‘able 1-1 Standards Tha fect Plumbing Design ane Engineering “elves nk ate at rt ei tudo etre Cor opine apes trots a gs etenanngtesofOepaoai ee ‘Seer cme ns oh ‘utente npg ‘Bi iene ene eb fein sans a aa per aba ewe eto S212: ‘A26Sqpr Oe a Peg stain S21 dod ‘en snd es SAT ‘ene nto {212s aye MS Sam taneseay ewe [I2.BAhatranttent Pd ‘efor MSA Str a on HAT pos ‘Sean binds ces nt ety oye nape a.m eda ti SAP Sous cy Sh Sa 3 PosktemASTZC Pasar ‘etna to Ped MSDS ‘tes apt aan ti eigen Se Sani ‘Tp he 5 Pe ct be 43 Feo 250 al ees Seuasneey Fett Seay Bene? stn ey Beers ‘ot tread bags mu ny hte etee aR ey mite ‘cp need nian sce ofa ane SE) Siena sana te 8 ‘ene aro Sect nce to ‘yee 2 ‘eet ot ‘Stn mec ‘tonto Bhar hs icSowronttes lp [SE ue St And ‘hin natn pS ab ‘oon entre St Eorereerreunracenrg oteeser hbo whee ‘Spe hp Swe SMa ‘icles ensage ie ‘eee ote ‘cman Fee an ty tag nae 5) ‘herr bacranaon ‘sna Foo 9 OS frames Se ten |S cnnmeeypin ‘elaine ‘rasa Sypta ‘Shem ee ‘somes fess ‘Sete an ‘tang in Some ey ‘Sonate ng king Dn Fixur Casieton Fr heapefoter faloning inser “Sap lomowe ont pone ed cmetneteagSneente ay Industry these arms ar no langer aed Inthe tandoae Eanes Stowers Dring arene Bae. Wier Chose ‘Waele are manuf lS tamer of syle and with Vacioss tures that male thet Astac eom each ther These Incite siphon jr reverse ts, wash down, blowou, siphon Vor, spon wash Ash vale {Gshomeer ae) ravi ae Aushonrer an a sh, wall hung nk emer tank, pioo, Iandeapped design, petmatc ‘sa fash, wall Seabed, Boor touted, tack ou, one pce tank pe, two-piece tank type, Found rat bow and elongated ‘owl Tena water donee ‘eden made of ves hig Thoweve, ater covets are now also made’ of plastics, cle Toate, o-fr ern ne Sealaions of tines stl or ‘Menino (eran epes of water doves are ace They re hose thst ve 1 ive water ea, 2 Unvennated pucee ‘3 Sitaces tha ae not hoowghy cleansed wih ech fushng action ‘4 Adesign that permits coneaminnon ofthe deste water sap ties operation and economical ue of water are important gules of ‘water cose. ater sts must be empsied of ware ter each ee witout “Sescrmeing rsh expe te fsa asco ‘he wall fe Bow and then ell he bowl se ap. ger Spenser ‘Waser cots maybe fooroutit mounted on spc closes Range con ‘pect a he Nooo wal-hang cet mounted os a conan cae ‘arr and Stig that spars the ster closet whoa lag any stess ‘he wal. The wal hang water lo permits gets eae neni the "or roand and below te see Manuactarers sap bows fora vate ‘of ching acon, Pasage ofthe Energy Poi Act of 1992 bythe US goverment changed she sig of water se. Irirmposed a mainum fusing rae of 1 Fensyerfosh Gp (6 pr Bus). Tis was a sigan dope ua ‘tse se, pevousy 3.5 al pe Mh, and war eansdered tobe # water ‘Savings Port the fs enaceeat of wae conservation inte ate 1970, ‘theron play used boone and lower Te restr water ‘Segal per sh, war by blowout mater ae, “vente modicon wer fash eum, the let each manafcae’s -watecloer chang The former erinolgy for ienahing ater etsno Tongs fe Water Coste were prevouly atgoriaed slower, ipon jt, ‘wasout reves rp and wast own, (Se Figure 1-1) The ew se of go ‘wher cloner beeen he rack a these ofan The ard are ‘Bee change, loner eating a water cout by hese designs, ‘Water close are crrent lca noone of te ators "A hs capldwtr a eone wth trp nk nd bow x, ‘Aovepie wate elt sas suggest, one wih fe tank and Bo as ne ec, + ihonaer ye mae coset ia Dow wth a spudconnetion tat = ‘elves tm eonacon fom a Gushomecer vale Hashmete spe vate dott bo refered re 12. ate hones ar ered ‘as"top put or"back spud "Eta cae couple (one pec and Bowie apad inte 1G tabemcter yee the atometer vale aed te top oe rare the loc tin ofthe ap (See pure 12) ww “Thee are azo che distinct, means fr Wenifping the Musing oa water cst Smarty fh sed with ‘an yp wt are the tester pot under pessire 7 fd tases by wavy + With fora aso fortank type water cose, however the were red gee Pain Deg ee gee beens eee Seneticte See tela meee he erence a ecto ESCM omyoae oe foto eng Some MICE, gee, mathe at = Ze Sons ceo ae ‘soporte by the Nose ndouneced dzeaiyeo [—# the piping vou ee oor. (Soe gue 12) + ang eer et (ed sprior or mala ing ean floor in the at com ice the water set dosnt ner {ze withthe ceaning ofthe hace Ge Fipre 13 and 1-4) + orate bc cot ter dts re appt bythe oye ‘zone othe ppg trough the wal The evanage the for ‘ounce, back outlet water coset tat he pettions ote foot Figure 1-4 Caerfora Water Closet i i ' i Side View Front View ger 1 Sy ant at sereduced othe plumb- Figure 1-5 Afloor mounted backoutat Ing Ieaboald be nied hat tteromtie spond onthe ar with ‘iste change tole gal "Shepping connection trough he bac ers eis more ite foemanlacreso prose => rere fas Sick nee re ener J spear ae tot ac ae Soeieaneeaemncs SERS ERE tne mete tent ue pning atetramen ta pence Mer mesg PE tg abt ae ae ee Penge ere en its oie emt aha ed sone ne ea a ‘mmr tem te ne SSE San ae ge rien igen eae Bea a ton hhh eto med sone pues Testndardrougsinaimenson tein rom he conerin of he wate set cult the back wal Theo ange mute ‘pemenomly cued tothe balding cre xg Pang De + Asn wate dst has im eight of 4 1 15 in This he most oman wer close nl + Rak water hes rm ight f 10, above the for Many lumbing odes rogue ces water closets in dear ser nd [dengan let roms for eB sal een Aine cart fron wham lp o 1 a 1 ce ler tpl alge ae 3m ght of 1830, Wid {dein a he water let sate fate Sse ona {othe scanty rgurementa Water Clot Seat ‘heater closet seat must be designed forthe shape of he owl 0 which ie connects There set sts of water closet set sli ab pt, lam Sngendes type eie «spin set oe pbc nd eploys ue water Closets The spi an set desgned to facitate easy wing by fees, ‘Sndo prevent contac tween he sat othe pena wid oles Thi ‘maaan high eel of hygiene pie ice ‘Ae se of we ost sat ha a plastic rap around the sot The nent oft sa sto allow a cen surace reach we. Tae seat intend ‘to replace the spl im eatin pull and employee action Fasting Performance “The hashing pfrmance requlements fo «water closet are found in 2 separate andar ANGU/Ameiean Sot of Mean Engines ASME) ‘A112 19.6. The staan nes the tert pot tt nut bellowed to ‘ify a water ost. The tests neue ul eval est, ana tse ik es de tes, water consumplon tt, tap sal strane oe tes Back presse est fm top and sat oll ada ine Cry et “The tal removal est ules 100 polyeoplene bls at ae nin diame The watt closet must sha ast an everge of 75 ble onthe ina lsh of eden Nshes. The plprepylene bla iene replicate he density of man fees “Te granule ts alizs special 250 ic shaped granules of y= ‘yl, The nal ush free erent Dates moses no mot ta 123 granules on average emaining inthe bom. The pane ests tend tose aah of watery fcr (Sar) ‘Tela sts perermed on the nse mal of the wer ces bo. A fle tipmaver sued to dra sine around th ede othe bok Aer Bushing, noindvdl segment line ca enna in. The allen ofthe tea Inne mast aot enced 2. Ths tet Scere the water Des ‘ocr eas othe bow “The dees wes a aoe de to a to the water net rp seal. The con- ‘antaton of che des desea both before sn ne sing the water ‘dose The dt ato of 1001 mot be otsne for exch sh. Pi est ‘Eernines th evasion of wine nthe tp apr Syms ea a ‘The water consumption ws determines dha the water ose mets the federal nde of 1 perf, “he ap seal tesoraon text Steines tha the wate lost fle de zap ofthe bw afer each Hash The rernning tp el hat be aku of in dpe “The water evaluates thers of water in he bowl when he water closet shed. Te wer annr rise above «pln ia. blow he op of eben “Te ck preset sed termine thatthe wer el emi in place hen exo oa back pressure (Fm he ote ie ofthe bow of ina ‘tr col ve). Thiet dermis that o see gl ep ous ‘hear when hp ressre our nthe dna stepping “then top ad et lng est detrei the water asst the top ofthe ri ors ofthe water oe Tis st ears tha he re Dot enconer weer when ung the water wet “he drain ie xy test dcemlnes the formance ofthe water lose, tah The wate closets connected toa dein 60 in length hed | J The ame 10 polyreplene bali wed inthe fahren oe ved nthe sain ine carey est. The average cary distance ofa the polpropyene bal ‘must be 40 infer This est deters he aby ofthe watertart 0 fs the oon sch a anne that they propery Hom down he dan ses ping “The bbc medi tet in tt ofa age quanti fem place in bow “The bowl cana be stopped op byte blk eda during the fase {eran fshing permance of he Blk media eure Te dlc ove thistet isthe repenainy ofthe west n Canad, water ests maxtor 'o Canadian Sands Asoriaton (CSA) 845.1, CSA B45. or CSA BASS ‘We Casts does oc have fea mada requ pal pe fish water loses, many aes reqaiethte water closet Isha sle be meted Canal equres ak eda est fr water daet Aas peeormance. statin “The wate sec nut be propel connected tothe dang piping eater. For foor mounted vate closet +e ioe ange aac ote ping _and peaneny secre oe bung Forwoo ame bling ange is sewed ot Ono For concrete ors, the hang toate face "Noncaratve cet bts connec the mer cons ote ce Mage The ‘seal Berean the Nose fange and the water dosti ade with tes woe ‘ngor an asiomere sealing conection, The connection ome between He ‘tet dose and sheer met bese with ealing oe gr or wal hung wa ants te fre me conn oa wal cai. The ‘aes mus eae the ating of the mater oe to th eA wal eng ‘ter closet mast be apbl of sporting a oad of 00 Ib at he ed of he “Ter dese When he water clo connected tthe cates non otis, Engng los can be wanted the piping tem, Waele aves ns confor ‘The milo space equi for water closes 1 in, om te eter lief the bowl tothe se wall and 1 in rom he on of the wats we ‘oan obstucon in oto the wate closet The staat dnesicn rs “ater dose compares 30m we yin gt, The water owe Imus bese n the cener ofthe tanta compte. The tina ‘stance equred beewecn water lost 30 in ‘Thechangeia tbe faking pertormance ofthe -g-per- ash wae cloet thas alec the ip omerson for back ota wate cost iutasions ‘Wh 3atperlans waver dost the com fing ed to connec Dackso-tack water clos was eter # in double say te ov Sn suhie ure ng With the rope ashing the eg water ve ihe planting coder hve prohibited the nealation of doable sary te ‘¢ dosti Beare ing fr bck to-bck water ute, The ony ep ‘Seng i the double combination aye and eights bend. The Sting however, Incesns he pacing rue between the oor othe cing “The minim spacing equ o use a doable sanary te Sing 30 in rom the enn ote water close oul othe earn ofthe ting “Ths spacing rus ot back to bck water done connection. ‘Oneof he probes tsoclatd with he skort pate Sangse the gon cin created the ni sh ofthe water Cnet The ipo si a ‘aw the water ot othe wap the water ost conned ote oe ie ‘tthe ing Another enti pobc i teinesapon om wen fash ‘nga wate love. Te fow fom one water done car propel wnt Sree ‘tung. iesring wth te oter water set ashing Syste ‘Geviy sh. The most common mean of flushing & water ose is 2 ray ah This thes ths ank ype mater oer, eseroed sve, ‘Setin the water no pressrae inthe tank The unk eesany ‘ace to sls he i flash of he bow. Ati lve fuses ber ‘Sapper or bal slowing the the us st he max son nthe bow, ‘he aper or bal rereds, sng of the tank om te tow “Te alec, lated nde te ak, cates the ow of elt the sake mechani open and ro the bloc The bles este ‘he major of the war no the tank and’ smaller orton of wate ints ‘he bol to rel the ep sel The tale mort be a tao balck ‘onfring to Avera Sodt of Satary Engineers (ASSE) 1002. Ts Prevents the contents e the nk om eng sponed Sack it he pte ‘water spp Gee Fgue 1-7) lshometer tank A Dashomater tank as these outside sppearance a8 gray ane However, inde te tank resvoe ese ht srs ‘he yater bushing The wate in the pes Nese! ar be minim 125 pio epeate property Thu, he ine presse the conection ‘he fathom ank tue ea imam o 25 pa A presete route Chg Syd ae gure 1-7 (A)AGravityTankand (6) Fushometer Tank pia US bes. o oa o preven the pressure lathe vessel rom sng above 35 ps (pal of most “he highs esr rom the fushometer tank ress ina fh mia ‘04 flushomet valve. Oae ofthe diference becween te shorter ak {nd the fashomecer ale thesis ofthe te diebtion spe The ter piping oa shore nk ssid he sameway te tering oa (Pavia kissed. play, the vial wor connecon SiamcterForaushoweier vie, tera igh How ee dean renaling ‘male piping connection. yi Poshomete valve for ater dest hat eoncton of in in meer Gee pare 17) Flushometer valve A ushometr tle is ale refered t “fash “ale” Theres designed wih opera lowes camber sepa y lapse. The waver prssute in the upper chamber keeps the ave lathe ‘lose postion When be wplever iced the water the pj cat seer ary cme ering uh Th oC pce : ive The ves sed byline preasre a wate centers Uheuppe chamber dosing of te vale For gp vat closets, ushometer valves are sett ow 25g at pea tof che wer dose The Masng ee sey sho lang 4a 32h “water dsriboton pte mus be property desged allow te peak we Seeing honey pv fe te lamba sycen ushometa vals hee eter amano! o a suomi means of fush- ing The mos joplr anal means of sings + handle mounted on he “Seer theflush ave. Asta homes aves ae vale ta isp ‘fs The sso can be battery operator dec coast ote ower spp te balding. "Fs Tank Recioments “here are cain essen requirements which most be satis when & stam anc sepia 1. There mus be ah oerow o pretettnk boing The oreiow should dsdharge noth water ost (See Fire) 12 Thetaleo whch contls th ow of sc th ony sul be equipped witha means of epenshing te tp sea er each using gerd Pain Dag Figure 8 Fash Tan Gravity) Seiyroe Net 1 Ren tenga nt Sethe, etek oaan ona i eet tn braces feo ari tee begin cu Sitiatient sett etre Seimei mere SHS trae ses ie sino cand dnp isn So eerie nets cetera igo ahora PRL le ee op ee Se See iat cy ne Ses Ronis eee ttre pacha a ener bes iS oo leecaee poo ar SEM ITmimeae her 1S aR Urine ve been onside Surf th me poplin Homes hi Ig at always bean the ease aos stempt ave been adeto odie {enule uri. The eal popula has aver embraced the cocep of ¢ female ia robleme tht have een encountered ince «ck funder Standiog ofthe se of te ual (The st ena rl reqel the woman {oappeach de wal inthe oppose way san woud Se waa be ing ‘Sey fom the ural ely bee oer) Another conning cone acy ‘Ea ne Roly test hve bet cance egerding dentine wa ompaied wth tat anoced with eae of water dove Hence, eye ‘ers rie erin ine nthe nied Stes nd Cada Urinal Sys ‘Urinals are manufictred as Hooe mounted, wal hung, ofetading a ‘rious ses and shapes fr men and women Water py fr arnals must ‘meer the are egurenens athe fr water ote Spon tan blot ‘Snls provides shing action shat wl remove foreln mer deposed {nthe eal sch ape towels ad candy wrappers. Te sho Ae ‘wahedown model ae queer in operation Dut o ot have te avanage of | Femoving foe mater Theses spe of wal ar ieded to emove gud ‘mates on. ‘Uris te idecifedas blowout, sphonje. washout sal and wash down, ‘Asati isa ype of wash dura Blowout siphon ead washout trials al have neal ap. ual and wash-down urinals becuse they do oc mainain ahigh evel of santalon afer each us, “The se Hentifes the ype of fusing stn nthe wa. The blowout sandslphonetypes ely onacomplte evacuation ofthe Bout uals {endo force he water and waste fe the wap tothe dei, ip et ale {teat siphon acon fe evcute thea. Washout ural eyo ater, fbange fo Mish and there sno siphon acon or complete enction af the ep wa. Sal and wash-down uals ave an xeral wp. The Dshing Seton acer exchange: bower ei alessefient watt exchange an thar ofa washout ria ‘Urinals wth an itil ap must be capable of passing Yin, dameter ball The cadet conseton pil 2s in dame ‘Sl swash own wince ein cet wth anesternl 1 int Fushing Performance “ANSVASME A112 19.6 regulates the using perfomance fr sina “There ae the test fr ual he ak west dye test and we conan Th he inktest ft lp mares lle o daw lie on hen alo ‘hero! The ak test ome the cables ef the ars o wah the sides ‘ofthe fur Te ode Gute ad he remuning ink nes sesard ‘Te otal length of nine cannoc exceed in and a segue can eed int length, Engi Pking Da ‘hed est uses a enor dye to erate the water exchange tein the pA on hap ave in a 10 pe {et spectre onion tas witha eral tap. Ths nl if “Shower, andwaebouc urinal rie ne pore ote al and was dow ‘a since they hve enteral ape The one of the concerns that have resulted nthe ete ue of ese Bare “The water consumption ext erermines tat the url fuses with at ‘twee ore Figure 9 Wil spacing must InsattonReproments ow asc artes ‘Thx minimum pacing "Serna tanto ois beoween ual 30 incre tocece The in munepacig betwee ia Sods 13 thie Spscngpromdes aces tothe Le yr 2 ‘inal wou he user coe ing in contact wih the wer, ‘of he adjacent Butte The Srnimm specing regulted terre fe uri ny (Gee Rgure 19) ‘Onc of the debated ites segarng ral seeing ‘ete Aguesion eve oe eed as ‘lumting code tscassons | Reh tne of tis wing Sect is ot rege 7 ‘iy ofthe model pmb ‘Se Hower ny To = : ‘Slane ove ming segue pray bars owen ils "sl than neh rp are thet ned 2 Son Dor ‘or sandr gh ination Stl ins ate mounted the oe Wal ‘nang arnals mast be mounted on caters hse he weigh of he wi ose ‘hay pubingcoses requiem fr pb and employe eo have «lt rap sea Torr blowout wees or “hog anor pombingcede evr wasn oo sowing thet ob tshe wih wept snore soa ons sorbent tater Tis teil mst be sped tothe wal ra ance 2 ftocther sie ofthe rn ana eit of 4 fe must ao extend oad ‘athe or tape 2 i eto he wna Ts posts he Sung matcal fom damage acu esl on ping wh ca cr wk nl ater Std Fusting Requirements ‘With the Your! rsirements for water consumption, urinals must be hushed wih a ushometer vie The ave ca rete marly ato ‘mecca acute ‘ral Dshometer ve bar omer Ssh vl and Gow ae than & acer closet fushometes ave, The ttl alte! ga per ash nthe pes "ow ae 5 gn. The wate dtrbution Sater ast be pope se fr the pea Dow ter the rina Urinal shometer valves operate the sme at water clot fushoneter tales Fr aoa infomation sohe dean of fusing esters er, “Neer Closes earler inthis chapter, ‘A moder verslon of Use enary.ld woes nl i able where mate avngs are paamoune. The waters urinal bar spec tap ha ied wih tig ht ier an water and urine Ui tee ow the iero sides he ria hough the ia and ely inthe wae ny ‘The gu most be repelsed prose thi rcdledtuienree ‘equied, the scedule depending on the equency of se fe al ators "A Lavatory washbasin used for persona ypene In public locations, 2 lavatory sud for wasn a's handset face Rese ltt e intended for handand ce wshing sbvng.appvng ak, enna lenses and sar yeni aco, avatory oct flaw rats are regia as a pa ofthe nergy oly Act 06192. The rial ow rte estas by she poersment wa 2.9 gp {0 pal fr perce ue lavatories and 0 gr, or le Sichargng Ol, ‘public es lator Since the al egltos there as ee hogs 10.2.2 gpm a 6p for place (and resdema Inatores, and 03 gn a0 fps ora ce of6.25 pl frp aston ‘Sze and Shape Manuf produce aati in ver conceivable sie and spe, prvi ‘gan unlimited sect. Lavatrer are re, ound blog, mang shaped for corners, wither witout leds, doi bos and ok in ‘urertps Tey can be assed in velerent ype slab, plshbac, Shelfbckadgetck and coumterop Sever ae lasted Spel pune Invatries an usally be placed hin these Sv xteporie, + "The sa ype ary comes invite ches an r suppor by co {tai or exposed ss, al braces ad chrome lege tk the rere wually astalod 2 from the wal cae cating te ll behind de eatry. (Se Pie 1-10) + The sptsoac aor mas an eal back nie ecomecded for sani purposes, pasing which un dwn the ack tthe sib ‘9p, sas om the fare The Gute made of vecus chim anes ‘ered yng ory ener exponen Gt Pre jee ing ies pte Sten Fe +The setback lavatory reduces splashing ann aon provides a Shor the storage often. The ature ismade of ether viscous ‘Sina eumeied won (Se pure) + Theinige back inatory oer sme splash recon and some shat sea Tis ype aswel she oes bs epesions me no the fx {ore forholding tar soap. Manufatrersofermodeaon to prowde ‘telereaiional holes or depressions. An lana ol maybe peo ‘ied for aid soap spenser (Segue 113) + Coane selermring and undetcouncer mound levator are the most recent and probly he met dered of any aegey. They ome In varios mater indtingWreous ca enameled ast iron, stn steel plastics, bers, and recat fell male A evelopment hat has contbated the popu anid acepance of unter vuoi the selinming fear tat does ne rege these of aanee eel in. ‘Thesandard out or aaron sini dame The sandadeacry tas ve hols te edge forthe crt A normale ol pater spss {he wo outside es ln apart The acts lstale in hes vt are Caled in center Sets When spend uct re to be natal tbe spacing etree the ow outer oles i, "may er, tse iar tabard requzedarais toate a oerow ‘sree was bad on the ue othe ize whereby the basa {id por ocesning fa rele the room whle te tory was being “The ongacr x warned toe epi sare offerte problems created hen peng the newer arn sd ocrtlyeaae the spption 1 grensmalason. Spal care must be sxe wih thee powcr ‘epaing thi sbraionresitance chara, Abrasive deaer eh € {troy the loner af the sre ofthese materia mich mote qe ethan they d ehona materials neon, some of newer materials are restant whe some sen Sins "Teri wide slaon of sink pe sabe. Tey comeing, dbl sndrpie comparene models Tw comparimen sks wth both compare ‘ens the sume sear he mom wide sed mile Pigre 118). iSrecommended that one cmparen eae 15 in by 18 in ize ot ‘ede we alo the acepance os ourngpan. Face spat shou (Ehipy croup to pce sage pr teneath when any diay Specaly na such athe surgeon's sink show a pure “14, esate “The most popular sve sinks ae those that have high back and are veall mounted and supped ons tap saad sow spe mop Sine tst ‘Se mounted on orretewsed inthe fooe Proscine im gar at en ‘mended for oth eget ‘Bua are aval in various ae and shapes. The 5 bah has be ‘cae practically sanded but the pubic as een preference ‘va mch longer ode. Rubaps thee wll bea reum 056 and oO 5 tub, which were xe realy alle nthe no to diane past ‘Pegs and plastic mel have rceey entre the are The plumb- Sngenpiner songs occ thoroughly withthe manufac 80 ‘wie hardness of Use sutace a the reine sbasive deans "Eareed ast oa tas ave been peers of th ely ocee -epping and sting, wick egonntybappens with carted ste! ase The ‘Uelnese theenanelcoxingoncat ons 0 to thee es hee than ‘Unc on peeaed ste snd uperioesdernce ou base Soren apes lab Shower extra alae invsossiss an shapes Tye arable Snstandard pecs ses (minimum 30°30 bat ay be bane neo Bulemodels ro fe paca ay ppatice Mee Ei op rte en eee oe ee ee Dalton reset ale The pan shoul um wpa as and tn ‘Ser the deshedo prove waterigh insta An ception oes Stower enserues mae to be weld scsi Chg Speman it raking Fourtalos Drinking fount (norefrieatd are aval sree sanding srace ‘mounted semiecsoed uly ese ler! eps hgh an asap ‘ces helgh), pedestal o deck type for counter tp, When slot 3 | femiecened or ily eesed mode he plug engee should scena ‘hat he valle pipe spaces deep enough to aconmadate he oes snd esa ping Ela: wate coolers are aval aa many vans inking fun tans ts reel spartan to provide aoa wal thicken oso, ‘ada he lle ni and piping Location ofthe chill unital gil sh shouldbe coordinated wih he arches Bidets lssedas a al bath is use piri for wshing te talons let ting hetero “The hand cold water supply andthe dan Siting arever sinlarto hase ed fs atois stead ofthe water entering he bo fn pa, how ‘et inode though a fushing rim Te tepid water hows cag ‘heim nd while filing te bow warn the chau blo fn which eres ‘spa rnse soon ad ecommende fr exter ising Although this fen called “douche itso ot be conse tba designed lite! for nena we The pling engine should reermend that sapiens and towel "ac be prone within easy reac lo tbe convenience he wet ‘The fing as been ery be dacssan ofthe alent aes of some ‘ofthe mst commen fixtures, The eerie to casos of ons ‘ure munaactuers fora complete presenatin of Gare sen, The ‘logs sean exelent sources ifarnaton and gel the detaed de euiedis unnecessary ol hae pages with tht norman, hy ae ater dened design rte, Fixture Traps A Beate ap le Bg or dev that proves» gi nla wl pro ‘ten the bck passage ofr without matrlysectg te Row of sevage vaste water tough e-Acepabe Eature tape mut have he fowing ‘hare They must be secesing 2 They must hve saath imeriore 4 Theymont ve no movable pero parins. 4 They must ve amin seal fi gure shows ypc cre tp Prhbited aps Crown sented sand wap tht depen on movable prs i hei sal ae role. A wap ie consdered to becom vented when the vent with fo pipe dlametrs the igua.4Typle Fate ap lets peomsy oe a Vent tthe saree of te Nester in the ep ten 0 Tester evaporation of the Seal asthe sr cecaates, Inthe venting tem. Autre snot uo ove an ni ‘tended pero fn, ‘Spouse che ter Sa. Gee gure) ‘Another danger the oe probably of closing the a Stterasieflows outcfibe Fgure22. CownVented Trap Sorvicae a ae Sic El eres ae sper 2 Fatwe ge Trap Seal ‘Tap sea she maim veri depeh of lu tht ap wl ean mea ‘aed besseen the own wee and the pote tap. A tapas prove rinimum sel of2 nl danage ad venting ster are eget so that Poeumatic esse variations inte stem ented 21 nf ater ‘luna. ‘Ali concep of ove and negate peso necestay ouerstand he dangers to maintenance othe ep sea Armospher peste tse level ‘eres pres o 14.7 pounds pr square inch (ps). Ths eee pes ‘re 1107 pas equated ser, then ey pes reste th the sbslte fressre of 147 pa spot an ayn ese eee: Negi pes res also called "acu." "The presrurerta fe ead on gauges the [ears above and belo aunoapheripeser Ifa uge eng 10 Incr 1 vacuum, els the sume aan abana resue of 49 pia (147 -10.= 447 pl abo) The pests deal with in plumbing ses aways spresed pope peste. Siphonage "The posse iphoning of water ut ofthe wap is ofmajorimporance Wo ind of siponage are possible: 1 Taveed siphonage 2 Sasiphonage Induced Sponge ha plumbing system a rest (oo flow occuring it canbe stated ha ao shercondtions ex troughou the sen tated anaber may. 2eto pes ‘re sts acthe ne and ute ofall api the sre When fo oc a ‘ay pat ofthe sate, focuatosinpesureoxar These presser ‘tu pssly induce the siphonage our tap with te consequent st ‘he procecive water sel Piute 2 3A) Ularrates strap thea pesre ‘then and oul. igre 2-3) lusts the condton when ta excess este develop in the rin, Let AP repent te ese pst then he Flgure23_ Trap Action Under Exes PotvePresore | 5 AT gare Pg Ds ‘oa pressure thot wold be noise) paste ences eure a), The prema etl el esc Te ser mold rise nthe ime ley othe tap shih wo uae BP ‘When he resre at theo ent Gare) he {heer legfh p wl eu oe ie ewe fap 75, have minor in fp al deat netting ee cl Stereo eat Pee ne oton wen nega primar AP oui Tea Thbcontlee _Figure2-4 Tap Action Under Negative Pressure wileaie some ot Senet tsp stafow oe ge rel and owe te See dei When the out presse ‘gusrcumeioseo, ever columns teeth egal Biise at Seow Fite 2 td ol rotten Ep sea wile. “Th tape wi go an he ag se, "Rete 5 epson te ce when he pone esate cues ret enn ofc the wer ints dounaseamey ow oop of ie {Ep Tle the maim pre ese Srna or ohh seal af ‘heap ile he fw i ea cog e tap ine eons Ts ‘cass ese nogan to ce al depth te ep sea. Ths whet {hee sap tts shown n Fgwre 3 pose pre ee ‘tern reeset a cgh wap ft el ce ee ‘rete Fgure25_ Maximum Permissible Poshiveandhegatvereaere™ Se-Siphonage 7 ‘The phenomenon of self-siphonase Is ot as eal anstaed as induced Siphnage lean test be lasted by ‘amin he charge fale A Tovar is prone oe sponag to ‘eater degre than any ther fare, ‘Most tories are contacted ith Tounded bowoms. The discharge ate Teh Ga decreasing a the dt ot water inthe basin deta, hes Sudden ing of nents, wath ‘accompanying omaton caver, ‘whieh suck nr down lato the da 2 hg 2a Paps ‘his does not ccs in a fa botomed fare auch a nko Bathtub. a hese tures thet swallow ofthe fim of water onthe sue af he Sacre dha slowly dans of, ening o replenish the seal of he tp. Ta flow sve bee wih lavatory. so thre ery een fo eens "Apical ase of fow in a dna rest of charg ator is de sec in the Nasoal Bares of tandars Repon BM 1 85), “At is thought, might Sem thatthe Now aking place troup tap ny const of wate aly However thine te cve sha area) ‘ren pote ot. nos instances, ai aed oot wth he water sen We Inve Obatred this phenomenon ls eansparent tp a care dein coh nected to alsvatry and these absersons nested at siren the ep Ine ways: Pst lr was enaned by she waters pied the over ue jst eo the eatry, chi sr wasted tought up Ia he feem obatlen “Second he water suc nthe vary continued ro recede, a vores forme nthe itty nin hs way dona sr as cated Through heap it e da with he ate, ir neat en of he echarge of he lao, with ts aendant ‘api decease in thereof lw through he vary cute! one, ‘tite was flowing oa of be tap more apy tan ened owing Primary ote nero the weer nthe pad din, Hence ‘nutes nthe neegof the ap reed och an etn i Inman instances st bobbed pat the ip fe rapa entered he ‘ler go the ap. Ti ter manera which entero passes ‘Seouph tp s expecially ntceate wens ge presrre redaction ‘curs inthe tare rain nea he ed ofthe charge psd "Nom fhe ate f Mow inthe dan and he dames ofthe din are oct to doe ofthe pungent intent anh te tack ing. hls air can pass foe vent or tka exert no paca ‘fect onthe naar fom nthe Gan ‘etredo,thenthe sine dein beromes taped txwern so ‘has of water in the et tig andthe water the tp a aes ‘hanes inthe nature of he Hw i the rain. Tn ar aes he essres in he can and hence onthe ct end othe wap when {scare tom the Sucre aes “The felling is pial ofthe phenomena that were observed when ‘ir entered dhe drain nthe manberdesribed shove, The ettined ‘fom te overiow oer entered eh rin in he eo able wich tose othe topo the daa some dete poi alone f ‘he quan ofa that collected in hs way wa suet age, he rin which was Bowing fl om the wap wet ots pone wed » jn anig Dee only pr al om this point on tothe en fiting As theylume of fatter mised ner teen of he lavatory hg, te ‘eter equetyrone othe opel dan slang one oe pons ‘is eng ling te entre coetsecon othe cain Tas, oe ot ‘nore plug of wate formed nthe dan ner the cad of te peso of ‘lectarge rom the ley "As the flow fromthe ratory led of the was ofthese pgs ofwter toward the vet Sting Sass owing tothe ates het ‘ttt he ap, which sie them dan sada te ame ne the eogh of he slag of water cminibeds owing oe sloughng ‘fo water at ther upeam and downsucam ens ore of hese [Mop wells nes th np when hs dghingsfesure Some ofthe water ut sauphed off th pea cee log ‘owed backward up che din and pry a ently efile he Wher th pag wa her down the den, his emporay ef faerie an dd ot ea the ap and Rene no el rs (hi ase cred From he feng ie canbe seen that there re two poste way fre penile he ap sa [By ow fom te Sure 2. baw inthe drain le canalso be sen tht the presence ofan adeuate pl far cated ‘ong wi the water helps prevent los of wap seal LUnitation of Wap Seal Loss Reducion ofthe ap seals he basi forexabishng iitons of dein ‘ergs and slopes, Protection ofthe bldg gana te psa of ewe at ‘hough the ap depends upon the depo ofp sel ht ean eatin tuner ads conatians ron the magitade the ees ne ihn 8 an sisiphonae. The emai sels of parsmoorempertane “Mathes ate ealahed dar valae a ns of waters he dep of cl wlten prose agi the passage fsover air slangas the ees presse ine dn dows ot exceed wie te dep ofthe el Ths would pes ‘Presoret #2 n. of water inthe dain. Avatar of ey al wt ses ‘eds onthe psi rato ear yon 1 ‘ho “Wap Inston ‘Taps ald be se eel with respct other wer sel. fn ance, his would gyear tobe impos sine the wep a connec o epng tht has Aptana os he water rae te eap woul ae tesa ‘slope Toovercome thallus outles ae ppd stata pitch ahs ‘wen scewed oto the pce ppe they re atonal ee “aps hou ays be located in any ares that et subjected co eerng emperatstes. They sou be located a doe tothe fait posile and {nm cass more han 2 vertealy fom the fixture cue foe we ofthe hapten Dap Figure2 LoatontTaps np, Tia wil nie the os of tap sel dae {othe momento ofthe ware discharges well minimize the ore fom the fled neon summa (hth apes rom te Pa Fate ase outer 10 ze Sees Gece ‘ina se of he ‘aap shoal be the se ‘tthe Saar ste snd ‘maximum sae should berth se ofthe dala Inercepting Fst aps Tetereptng taps Sou be used only when ti deemed the best method cftemoving objectionable wastes. The jection to thr uo that Sey ll ‘oqe maintenance. The various ypes and thei pplication re as follows: 1" Grease intercepts. Po sini scully inks, ting sik fod sr fina, he aeraper seston of ommecal sheer ee tench “ting and oor drains tat eee plage ofc presse interceptors (See Figae 27) (see Tae American Soviet of Ping Engines kine reas ierepor san stoma tr manual eis 0 ‘putt andverin grease, with 2 apc reser han 0 a (2273 Land generally lected ides balding A gese tpi dened ae igure 27” Grease lntercetor gid Henig ig 3. Sand Tap. ane drain and sac rinage, 44 Hairand Line Tap. Ben parlor and ater shops. Noe: Some manips may zeae an extern grease tap co lect al cre (except for water oats) assoc wit re itchens pach hotel or age estar, Grease inerceptors Inthe drainage fom commer then, reas, ft, als must be spa ‘ated fomsewage This uncon ls peroredty press interes ald Indrain ees where the peseace of grease nthe somge expe, Itissonesmes practical to dich the waste fom to rere sinks ino 4 single imercepor This prac is eommended ony whe al the Sues {te Gove peer fo aod lestaling lng piping run othe itera The ‘Goer the mereeptor can be alee he Bue) the better The loge then opie, the cooler the waste wae eA the wae we ole ‘ae cone, contig and cogging the invert pe. "he etry ingress 1, ‘Deere sheet conten mung length by iy depth = 2 Dee pac igang = 29 ne (= 2, termine the cl canage load The ares sly led o about 73% olapacy wth waste wats, The ken being washed dps hour 25% ofthe fixate content Therefore acl dung lad = 755 titre cacy 44 Deterine the lw rate and the drainage prod. gener god prac ‘ee cates -min dana erie bower where conaon permis {ina prods accept. The riage pred he tal ne reque! comple ep the are 6 Select he ere ea sto the fw recat. [Breconmendo pind ie stoma reel fps foe Irene toa storage a that canbe leaned ebay ‘Ovestons 1 Why ae mombe pare partons rhb nate rap? 2 Wyre owned maps poke 3 Why rar coe cana urd on fate ap? “4 he remcning al of in he foe op tn presen. of tc dep at the ue, wl ep rom fain? ‘5. Waite op hs evnaning sf 15 ow mach prc el be ated th ce fe ser us ead pas hgh eo? 1 Why wel ap ne b ted nm ae ood esgenprtare?| What Be inna ta et sen ld fam he ne of es ‘ue Fomine rap Flow in Horizontal Drainage Piping ‘When Now ours drain piping oes ot nil ithe pipe under noel Contos of flow the ewer to fo al presse reuters would ‘ea tha cold post deny the el a wae writin he bulking Cay ow in sloping Chor somal rane pls pt ifthe flow of water nope channes low nope chanel or dependent upon ‘pressure aplin tewate bts case bythe ravi ce dace Uythe slope ofthe rain a the ight ofthe water nth cra, Unie Fw Unio fw iat Now tht achieved na open chanel of constant. shape and sae andunfem spe The lope abe wae sae hen aes the slope ofthe chet Many frols ave bon devoped fo eterning the vlc of wal ow sloping dai. Taco th as acne ost ‘Popul inthe svg of punng Poe he Manning formal st ‘Proposed by Robert Maing in 1890 fom nthe me oem singe ‘at conveang tothe English stem, the formal tats thehlowing forms = vaMB acme ss ‘ect tow ot pe secon) Sth apt fe sue deyect lng ok eile eth om 5 | Samir crmcis wit wok mene 7 [SSEGTIaais eaten Ree es a ees | Nes tia in tranche , nection, which is loaded to its maximum capacity. +o | Hetaumeratsionite le ues > = | RRcrcoaaeaets ke 8 | Sabauacenteeacaeemo cy {Seteand tuenaiae Fo Ooty sw | fiiuticllSutimeeneeyelonece paren fmanrafiesas osha ene ‘fir nits on the branch Sos no to cause valent presrrefuctatons Tithe stem [Aste there ar fo horsontal branches connected othe in. stack ‘wid one ach terval One ranch cares 80 FU ante cher 40 FU {ora toa of 120 FU dncharging ino one bach iter. Ths ene he ‘noi permite of 90 FU ante sack mst be incensed to in ane ‘ranch cas 50 FUsnd ne the 60 FU, the the asin sot need ‘an the fin seo he sack goat igre 6:2 Sranch intra ue Hy Cher Drag Sm Sig Procedure fr Sizing Stacks ‘The procedure fr sing mulinory tack set ose he horzontl tances connected wo the stack. The 1 done by toting the fate ante connected exch ranch and ine in ccodance wi hble ot. Net al ‘th itr units connected tothe stack and deter the sie at ie 63, ‘se the column “Stacks More han Thee toner in Height” (sain sz the stack mus be a leat lt the pes coated brane) en, ‘metsely heck the ext clu, “Toul ischarge into One Bach neal ‘determin tht this rc sot xnedoby any te branche es ented the sae Fguees Proceduretorsings stack St the suck ae ‘rginally deter uy ited mtb i ire ‘he loin ofthe branches mut be ree nid soe hrononremarteocesy anion oc one ae sed aan few figure 6 el Pe tosntes 2 pil — sac andthe co iat teeta fper see proved fo = He eee Siting etck Sted cemnton, eat ofc more t= than 4 fom the iS mamer tae tt gear il eal in i SSEESON iba econonc SET" The prcedue ot (iaioes! geet in gare (4) sa lowe 1. The potion othe sack above te oft sen the sume mae o «sak thar des noe bed upon the tl ure un ote {othe wack above ths ola 2 ‘The horizontal oe portion ofthe stick sized on he ass of sng douse dan (Su ble 5) 3. The portion of the sack below the ofits the sme sea the ft ot ‘set yon he al connected acute ute of teenie stack bore an below the led, whichever sai ager Example Given suck leaded as shown a Figure 6, the flowing procedure Is ‘slowed os alte diag png need Ping Den og ‘igure 6-4 Procedure or Sting an Of Sack BEREe ry pr Dre Sy Sie Sp 1: Sina he ranch piping (be 6-4. A JEU = in. B 9OFU~ 4in. C 12070 B Sonu = Sin B isoru > tik F iao-u = Sn G 180FU = Sin, 160FU > Sin. 1 200°U = Sin ‘Sp: ne the portion of ack above oft Cale 63), 1 = Sur fal branches connected 1 the pert f th ack ies pot 1 above AB+C+D = 970FU = 4in, Inuediely check last elu of ble 63 to aera that et the rela How es pipe ses can be dana east ante londs Imposed sewage wean plans andthe ei oon wets tre ao genre Conte Now ot dnage therefore not ol roves nee econmi- ‘aly st pping bau afte mens otlvating he rec Bodin ‘ens lee omc nor ts Nay ee teat plats ae ferced bypass ge gute fated cine sewer ‘inet ns cores rg hey stra Conia Se ‘Aleve is potcm and nthe prevention of pobwton oor ees ‘ides anderen “The aplication of requiteddata for conte Dow design i joa s- hist a for ood conta and al tori ia reac Enh vulut a panyue hr eg he etn teeters in rest dee an ave wade hough eared “Sephistited mathematical leon ered to produce Sled a ‘Stighrward design procures, Each malar» roca sihly ‘trent om th thes de othe conhgurnton of the cn roc hey Tune an emetic ils employed ty alae val and canbe lly Slowed Toe lowing “eaten al cle! foe eae tetas Should flowed thee sultry and robe yt Root towing "A sactry design must incomporte adequate protection to prevent spring feo sacs prac a tid insaing over sciper at he csp the oot spe al ‘The remanded atin sores pho et on te ei, send atrot anda in verge dp rs oped ot The main ook apr Sr ter slope hat cou be tolerated therfore, would be 6. am the lw pit {he high poi: of he ea constuction “Then dain depth asthe maxima acme ai ecommended eat rents nan apple land of 15. I (st) the fot so teas of th cent, roof enstucion i gency espe for #90 pend, ‘whereas in oer areas 2 ot desig ad of 0p perl. By ining the imposed water load to 1.6 pa an dep) an sane aro ae Isprowde ay oot ‘orm iene Console ow design is dependent upon he relicnship ofthe rte of ‘nil erate of cntaled fw fom te ook Ras aaa sth thie fr everyaren of te country fom the US Weathetenvice an a ako include nh data of manatacres eatlogs of conte Nam et rata all tenses are given fx 10, 25, 30, and 10.ynr son eguenien, [eis ths pone oped the maker fl ney chat wl cers Teast onceevey 10 years evry 25,50 o 100 yur. ‘Mos pblcsevers in exec haveben eign he bss of fee orm ad sre hve buen designed for 210 yr storm. ei tecommeded ‘hatte 25-year sor be secede the deg ceri for Tot drags ‘sign Ths i ely tat nly once Oo 100 yea the sce al ‘verondd al exces water discharged tough te onetfow cape, Drain-Down Tine Drai-down time is another factor that ms alway be incorporated i ‘he design, Dra down ines tht fico segue in hur the ade ‘ee reguted for woal drinage of he oo foe the ime the som a ‘eich is reueny peak Ite drain down mes deg for 12h based ‘pon storm fequenay of 25 yeas then afer the 25year een stor a ‘taloed te maximum incest and dation aa has cesct el ee 12 fr tot rine ofthe accumalazd water to be accompli The length of dain-own ine canbe varie by the designer codes wt ‘afer pienso longs theo code as ote limiters ome Mite ay nated ie weg geges SSNS coy te ene crea cate a npn Pin Dg CLE i At et aay Seshigesenetetteninstnce teto mesa Becronibatasesitenmeton Sastre

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