Session 8-PreventingBurnout Regine Sponar 7 Decembre 2015-1

Preventing the psychosocial risk of burn-out & 1
ICT cognitive exhaustion

Master in Management Sciences - Solvay Brussels School of
Economics and Management (ULB) & Master in Ethic (ULB)
7th December 2015
LECTURER RGINE SPONAR

AUTHOR OF THE PREVENTING BURNOUT TEST
Job chronic Stress Early Warning System
Inventor of the COGNITIVE-PHYSICAL STRETCHINGS
UCL RESEARCHER IN THE PREVENTION OF BURN-OUT

AND SPECIFIC EXHAUSTION DUE TO HIGH ICT USE
FIRST-SPIN OFF PROJECT UCL IPSY -LTTO SOPARTEC Rgion Wallonne

MASTERS DEGREE IN PSYCHOLOGY, MASTERS DEGREE IN PHILOSOPHY
WWW.PREVENTINGBURNOUT.EU
copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar conference national and international companies, national and international institutions i dpot nr 052232 Preventing
Burnout 0846178807
AGENDA
2
DEFINITIONS & STATISTICS. Difference between positive stress and chronic stress
1. PROFILE OF EMPLOYEES WHO MAY BE AT RISK OF BURN-OUT
2. FIRST SYMPTOMS of BURNOUT - HOW TO PREVENT BURN-OUT
3. OVERVIEW 8 INDICATORS OF CHRONIC STRESS AND EXHAUSTION IN

PROFESSIONAL& PRIVATE LIFE. A NEWBELGIAN TOOL
4. TECHNOSTRESS: THE IMPACT Of new ICT ON EXHAUSTION
5. STUDENT TEST ON TECHNOSTRESS
copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar conference national and international companies, national and international institutions i dpot nr 052232
Preventing Burnout 0846178807
Statistics linked to burnout
3
According to the BelgianFederal Public Service of the Social Security (le

Soir dated 14-12- 2012),
289 814 employees have been absent from

work for 1 year in Belgium. (not all in BO)
The BelgianFederal Public Service of Employment found in 2010 that
19.000 employees have burnout or sickness
that may lead to burnout.
According the Mensura Survey and Trends Tendance dated 29 November
2012:
The
stress and the dissatisfaction play a
major rule in the rate of absences.
copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar conference national and international companies, national and international
institutions i dpot nr 052232 Preventing Burnout 0846178807
Definition
4
To prevent burn-out,
we must understand
what causes it
copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar conference national and international companies, national and international institutions i dpot nr
052232 Preventing Burnout 0846178807
Definition of burn-out
5
Background: Dr H. Freudenberger (1927-1999) on the

support relationship
a state of chronic fatigue, (depression) and frustration,
due to devotion to a
cause, a way of life or a relationship
which fails to produce the anticipated rewards and finally

leads to diminished involvement and achievement of work
Definition of burn-out
6
Burn-out at work is a psychological syndrome which is a

reaction to chronic stress factors in the workplace.
The three key aspects of this reaction are:

1. Exhaustion EXH
2. A feeling of depersonalization CYN
3. An impression of lack of achievement EFF
Maslach - UC BERKELEY and Leiter - ACADIA 2001
Other variables
7
job control = decision power (free lance-managers)
chronic pressions
Meaning at work chronic pressions
Etc.
The Maslach Burnout Inventory - 1981
8
http://opencourses.emu.edu.tr/pluginfile.php/9241/
mod_resource/content/1/Burnout-self-test.pdf
Emotional Exhaustion (nine questions)
1. I feel used up at the end of the workday
2. I feel emotionally drained from my work.
3. I feel Im working too hard on my job.
4. I feel frustrated by my job.
5. I feel fatigued when I get up in the morning and have to face another day on the job.
6. I feel burned out from my work.
7. Working with people all day is really a strain for me.
8. I feel like I am at my end of my rope.
9. Working directly with people puts too much stress on me.
Depersonalization (five questions)
Accomplishment (eight questions)
Burn-out and long-term stress
9
Stress is the consequence of specific tensions, but
scientific studies show that
burn-out is the result of ongoing tensions

D.Truchot
LETS GO now for A REAL STRESS
10
Bear amongst us in this class room
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conference national and international companies,
national and international institutions i dpot nr
EXPERIMENT (bear- )
11
1. What will happen in your body ?
CLOSE your EYES Be alone -Physical symptoms ?

EXPERIMENT (bear- )
12
What will be your STRATEGIC reaction ?
What is the most problematic reaction ?
Why?

EXPERIMENT (bear- )
13
Bear is leaving the class room
What will be the physical reactions in your body ?

Positive stress
Stresssssss poStressssssss Sssssi4f
Posi%ve stress Selye: all stress is followed by a stretch

This reac4on is not at all toxic and may happen over and
over again without doing the body any harm, provided that
each alarm phase is quickly followed by a relaxa4on phase.

Stretch Stretch Stretch
Alert Alert Alert

14
Bad news -LETS GO now
for a chronic STRESS
15
Bear amongst us it stays with us for 6 months

Negative chronic stress Hans Selye
syndrome gnral dadapta4on
Phase 1: ortho-
sympathe4c reac4on
Phase 2: para-
sympathe4c reac4on
at the same as ortho-
Coping sympathe4c reac4on
Ortho+Para Conict Stress/strech
The body gradually
Breakdown adapts to the
constraint (lessening of
unpleasant
percep4ons)
Phase 3: Breakdown
Ortho coronary thrombosis, brain
haemorrhage, perforated
ulcer, accidents

16
Chronic stress
17
RUN for bus specific tension
Every day stress in trafic congestion or fear for

an accident on the ring or fear of being late /
fear of being blamed on-going tensions
= chronic stress = EXHAUSTION
Chronic stress
18
Simple and non usual conflict : colleague or boss

specific tension
Every day conflicts with boss/ colleagues

ongoing tensions up to 6 months
= chronical stress = EXHAUSTION
Effects of long-term chronic stress on the body
19
Cardiac problems (tachycardia, extrasystole)

Neurological problems (headaches, multiple sclerose,)
Rheumatological (musculoskeletal) problems (backache)
Psychosomatic problems (ulcers, some types of
eczema(not all), insomnia with mental ruminations )
Cancers
Disruption and slow deficiency of the immune

system
I
copyright: PBT(c) conference module 1 national and international companies, national and international institutions
20
Why??
What causes burn-out?
copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar conference national and international companies, national and international institutions i
dpot nr 052232 Preventing Burnout 0846178807
Causes of burn-out
21
General causes involving a number of factors
Who is responsible for these chronic stress ?
Job must be a ressource, when the job becomes
a constraint need to identify the reasons and
need to find a solution

General causes at individual level
chronic forms of stress or ressources?
Emotional intelligence Professional situation Student : How is your immunity

before and after exams? Do u
How to manage conflict? or student situation manage stress during the periods?
How to negociate ? (last minutes change) KEEP YOUR IMMUNITY
How to manage a fear of
failure? A non-ethical Transports
task? Fear of losing job
New information/
Social life,-
communication
sport
technology
Physical situation
ARE U DOING Family
SPORT ? situation
Food and Financial

nutrition (quality situation
or junk food ?)
22
22 and international companies, national and international
copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar conference national
Burnout - ICT Cognitive Exhaustion
Risk factors analysis Karoshi - Bore-out
23
The Preventing Burn-out Test 2. Copywriting RSMB First Spin Off DG6 - SOPARTEC - LTTO - UCL IPSY
UCL-IPSY Facts and perceptions
Professional situation
5,0
4,5
Financial & logistic 4,0 Emotional intelligence
3,5
3,0
2,5
2,0
1,5
Transports/Mobility 1,0 New information technology
0,5
0,0
Food & Nutrition Physical situation
Social life, sport and leisure Family situation
Evaluation Important Medium Maximum
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international institutions i dpot nr 052232 Preventing Burnout 0846178807
Beyond Burnout: Karoshi
24
An extreme fatigue
Beyond Burnout: Karoshi
Karoshi
This word comes from Japan. Karoshi is linked to employees

who are working more than 14 hours a day. They dont take
any time to disconnect and to rest for a few weeks or months.
They are totally involved in their work.
An extreme fatigue induced by an excessive working time

schedule increases the stress and accordingly reinforces the
risk of heart disease or Cerebral haemorrhage .
, strong pressures at work (TIME SCHEDULE MONEY-

MANAGEMENT)
052232 Preventing Burnout 0846178807 25 25
Remember Session 2: Stress and ethics
26
Managers put some pressure on his employee

Profit objectives of his unit
Increasing pressure on the managers shoulders
(51% of managers say they have a lot or too much
pressure, Journal of Management 2003)

Slide Solvay Professor Marek Hudon
4 emotional, physical & cognitive risks or
symptoms
27
4 emotional, physical & cognitive risks or

symptoms
20
Not mutually
exclusive
ICT cognitive exhaustion

Memory is full
Burnout battery is empty
No causality
between
Karoshi Japans exhaustion Bore-out
factors
copyrights : confrence PBT(c) module 1entreprises nationales et internationales institutions nationales et
internationalesinternationales
Burnout 0846178807
Stress
The Preven%ng Burnout Test
The chronical Job stress early warning
system
Collapse &
absence for
sickness
Burnout
Employees in
multitasking
Employees in
mode PART OF
Fatigue
TECHNO STRESS
mode
Effort Overwork
Collapse
Employees in
active mode
400 meters
hurdles
3000 meters
Marathon
Time
28 28
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The Preventing Burnout Test 's aim is to
preserve the individual from exhaustion, bringing
change and giving back energy for the long-term.
LISTEN TO YOUR BODY
29 and international companies, national and

copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar conference national
international institutions i dpot nr 052232 Preventing Burnout 0846178807
Consequences for the enterprise
30
Loss of efficiency and performance
lets prevent it
What to do about
it? Identify
Which employees are at risk of burn-out and how can they guard
against it?
31
Those who are affected by burn-out are the
pearls of the enterprise/institution those
who invest most in their work
Tips are for employees and for students at work
Which employees are at risk of burn-out and how can they guard
against it?
32
Strong spirit of initiative in the institution/

Enterprise (no need to explain)
The perfectionist
Wastes time on the details of his work
He is unable to delegate
Everything must be under control
Which employees are at risk of burn-out and how
can they guard against it?
33
A constant and permanent feeling of being overloaded
The positive way forward
overwork work with your team and share tasks when possible.
Teamwork is more constructive and produces more ideas (CHOICE
THE RIGHT PERSONS who are able to share). Explain your limits.
Take time to delegate.
34
The desire to please everyone and consequently an unconscious fear of
displeasing
Re-establish your own points of view; make a distinction between your work,
which depends on a number of factors and organizational elements, and
yourself as an individual with your own limits.
35
High need for recognition
Everyone needs to have a positive image of themselves

= self esteem
When tired ..DO NOT stress
but strech..
36
WHO DOESNT STRETCH .. SHRINK Belgian sport teacher

Burnout 0846178807
Physical warning signs
37
Sport

When you are emotionally/physically tired relaxing sport
Walks
Stretching
Swimming
When you are in good shape muscle-building or endurance sport

The same but more intense
When you feel fit
Jogging cycling and any cardiovascular sport
The ICT cognitive load
38
The high ICT cognitive exhaustion (ICT cog EXH) is measured in

number of ICT devices, multitasking, professional software used in
P & P life, e-mails (with tasks- for info) links between professional
and private life, time and frequency, facts and perceptions.
(Rgine Sponar 2012)
EMOTIONAL EXHPHYSICAL EXH ICT COGNITIVE EXH Search for a

PHYSICAL EXH
Battery is empty Memory is full
BURNOUT ICT COGNITIVE FATIGUE
ABSENTEISM FACTS Why 2002?
39
ICT overload
40
Information overload refers to an

overwhelming volume of information from different
communication channels that ICT users are subject
to. This techno-overload leads to multitasking
with several applications and accomplishing
different information-processing tasks
simultaneously. Excessive multitasking leads to
hurried and ineffective information
processing
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internationales
ICT overload
41
Multitasking leaves insufficient time and attention

for accomplishing organizational tasks
little time for exploring creative and new work

processes,
and sometimes not even enough time to effectively
perform existing processes, thus impairing end-user
performance (Tarafdar, Tu, & Ragu-Nathan)
copyrights : confrence pour APTO PBT(c) module 1entreprises nationales et internationales institutions nationales et
internationales
LOSING SLEEP DUE TO ICT - Past week
STUDENTS SOLVAY 7th December 2015
42
REASON FOR LOST NONE 1-2 TIMES/W 3-4 TIMES/W

SLEEP
Using cell phones
Playing video games
Checking-sending e-mails
Using an im
service(whatsApp)
Facebook/ my space/
Browsing the internet
Adaptation of Table 6 : Massimini, M., & Peterson, M. (2009). Information and Communication Technology:
Affects on U.S. College Students. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace,
3(1), article 1
Percentage of Solvay students coming from abroad ?= _______ %
Accordingly they could miss the contact with their closed family or friends
and whish to stay in touch.
LOSING SLEEP DUE TO ICT- Past week
STUDENTS SOLVAY 28th APRIL 2015
43
REASON FOR LOST NONE 1-2 TIMES/W 3-4 TIMES/W

SLEEP
Using cell phones 36% 12% 52%
Playing video games (students 0% 0%
didnt come !)
Checking-sending e-mails 62% 30% 8%
Using an im service eg 10% 40 % 50%
WhatsApp
Facebook/ my space/ 46% 18% 36%
Browsing the internet 44% 18% 38%
Adaptation of Table 6 : Massimini, M., & Peterson, M. (2009). Information and Communication Technology:
Affects on U.S. College Students. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace,
3(1), article 1
Percentage of Solvay students coming from abroad ?
Accordingly they could miss the contact with their closed family or friends
and whish to stay in touch.
LOSING SLEEP DUE TO ICT USE
44
Massimini, M., & Peterson, M. (2009). Information and Communication Technology: Affects on U.S. College Students.
Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 3(1), article 1
Daimler staff get break from holiday email
45
By Chris Bryant in Frankfurt 2014
Daimler employees can head to the beach this summer without worrying about checking their emails, sparing their partners
and children the frustration of work-related matters intruding on the family vacation.The Stuttgart-based car and truckmaker said
about 100,000 German employees can now choose to have all their incoming emails automatically deleted when they
are on holiday so they do not return to a bulging in-box. The sender is notified by the Mail on Holiday assistant that the
email has not been received and is invited to contact a nominated substitute instead.
Our employees should relax on holiday and not read work-related emails, said Wilfried Porth, board member for human
resources. With Mail on Holiday they start back after the holidays with a clean desk. There is no traffic jam in their inbox. That
is an emotional relief.Reading work emails on holiday is a divisive issue. For some, an out-of-office reply is seen as a tool of the
work-shy. For others, a regular digital detox is considered essential to good mental health.Most can agree, however, that scrolling
through hundreds of emails on the first day back in the office is a pain.German companies and politicians have been at the
forefront of improving work-life balance amid an intense media focus on employee burnout.
In 2011, Volkswagen announced that company servers would stop routing emails to employee BlackBerrys
during the evenings.
Managers at Deutsche Telekom agreed to stop sending emails to staff during the evenings, weekends and
holidays. If they choose to do so anyway, employees are not obliged to respond.
Meanwhile, Germanys labour ministry told managers to stop emailing or calling staff out-of-hours except in an
emergency.
In
Silicon Valley, digital detox camps have become the latest trend:
participants surrender their cell phones and laptops and give up social media in order to
experience life off the grid.
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1entreprises nationales et internationales
institutions nationales et internationales
Organizational causes specific issues in the
international enterprise environment
46
uExpatriation
u - having to rely on new people without any point of reference,
e.g. the child minder, car mechanic, etc
u - having to find your bearings in a new city and country
u - being far away from your friends and family
u - travel issues
uThe multicultural environment: differences in culture

may lead to incomprehension and misunderstandings,
especially in managing relationships
uLanguage issues
uValued colleagues move abroad
uJetlag and time differences can affect work
uDistance from decision-makers and the significance of
initial missions

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Preventing the psychosocial risk of burn-out & 1

ICT cognitive exhaustion

LECTURER RGINE SPONAR

UCL RESEARCHER IN THE PREVENTION OF BURN-OUT

FIRST-SPIN OFF PROJECT UCL IPSY -LTTO SOPARTEC Rgion Wallonne

1. PROFILE OF EMPLOYEES WHO MAY BE AT RISK OF BURN-OUT

2. FIRST SYMPTOMS of BURNOUT - HOW TO PREVENT BURN-OUT

3. OVERVIEW 8 INDICATORS OF CHRONIC STRESS AND EXHAUSTION IN

4. TECHNOSTRESS: THE IMPACT Of new ICT ON EXHAUSTION

5. STUDENT TEST ON TECHNOSTRESS

According to the BelgianFederal Public Service of the Social Security (le

289 814 employees have been absent from

Background: Dr H. Freudenberger (1927-1999) on the

a state of chronic fatigue, (depression) and frustration,

cause, a way of life or a relationship

which fails to produce the anticipated rewards and finally

Burn-out at work is a psychological syndrome which is a

The three key aspects of this reaction are:

Maslach - UC BERKELEY and Leiter - ACADIA 2001

job control = decision power (free lance-managers)

Meaning at work chronic pressions

Stress is the consequence of specific tensions, but

scientific studies show that

burn-out is the result of ongoing tensions

Bear amongst us in this class room

copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar

Bear amongst us in this class room

1. What will happen in your body ?

CLOSE your EYES Be alone -Physical symptoms ?

copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar

Bear amongst us in this class room

What will be your STRATEGIC reaction ?

What is the most problematic reaction ?

copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar

Bear is leaving the class room

What will be the physical reactions in your body ?

copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar

Posi%ve stress Selye: all stress is followed by a stretch

Stretch Stretch Stretch

Alert Alert Alert

Bear amongst us it stays with us for 6 months

copyrights 2012 2015 PBT(c) Rgine Sponar

RUN for bus specific tension

Every day stress in trafic congestion or fear for

Simple and non usual conflict : colleague or boss

Every day conflicts with boss/ colleagues

Cardiac problems (tachycardia, extrasystole)

Disruption and slow deficiency of the immune

What causes burn-out?

General causes involving a number of factors

Who is responsible for these chronic stress ?

Job must be a ressource, when the job becomes

a constraint need to identify the reasons and

need to find a solution

Emotional intelligence Professional situation Student : How is your immunity

Food and Financial

Food & Nutrition Physical situation

Social life, sport and leisure Family situation

Evaluation Important Medium Maximum

This word comes from Japan. Karoshi is linked to employees

An extreme fatigue induced by an excessive working time

, strong pressures at work (TIME SCHEDULE MONEY-

Managers put some pressure on his employee

4 emotional, physical & cognitive risks or