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Learn Urdu through English 1

ACADEMICS'S

Learn Urdu
Through English

ACADEMICS (INDIA) PUBLISHERS


NEW DELHI-110008 (INDIA)
2 Learn Urdu through English Learn Urdu through English 3

Published by
ACADEMICS (INDIA) PUBLISHERS
508, Rattan Jyoti Building About the Book
18-Rajendra Palace,
New Delhi-110008 (INDIA) This book in your hand is an easy way to learn Urdu
Tel. : 25742171, 25812181
Fax: 91-11-25722671 through English. A native speaker of English language is
E-mail: angelaip@del3.vsnl.net.in presumably aware of at least the basics of English
grammar like sentence structure, grammatical function of
OUR USA OFFICE English words, and very importantly the sound system. By
230 Fifth Avenue, Suite 615 and large, same ingredients or components of leaning a
New York, NY 10001 language like Urdu are required. Put very simply, a few
PUBLISHERS techn ical things are distinctively remarkable to
differentiate a particular language like Urdu from other
languages of the world where English is not an exception.
Academic books are protected by international copyight laws
All rights are reserved. The copyright of all materials in this Primarily, language acquisition marks the following which
book except where otherwise stated, remains the property of are absolutely.unavoidable while learning or thinking of
the publisher. No part of this publication may be reproduced any language of the world:
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by
any means for whatever purpose, without the written 1. Script (Orthography)
permission of Academic (India) Publisners
2. Grammatical Function of Words (Syntax)
3. Vocabulary (Morpho-phonemic)
Second Edition 2015 4. Sound System (Phonology)
Price Rs. 60.00 5. Production of Sounds (Speech Mechanism/
Printed at: Star Offset Printers, New Delhi Phonetics or the Physical Nature of Sounds)
4 Learn Urdu through English Learn Urdu through English 5

Efforts have been made to incorporate these highly


technical issues very precisely while learning Urdu Contents
through English. Selection of Urdu vocabulary has been
About the Book 00
taken from daily affairs; phonetically transliterated Urdu
Sounds of English - Urdu Alphabets 00
words are very close to the English sounds and a Nouns, Singular and Plural, English - Urdu 00
comparative approach has been made to the under- Subject Pronouns : English - Urdu 00
standing of Urdu grammar through English grammar. Action Present Verbs : English - Urdu 00
Action Past Verbs : English - Urdu 00
Nevertheless, grammatical approach to the learning of a
Action Fture Verbs : English - Urdu 00
language througt another language remains the same. A Adverbs : English - Urdu 00
noun word of any language works as a noun in a Prepositions : English - Urdu 00
sentence. Be it any language of the world including Urdu. Gender : Nouns and Pronouns : English - Urdu 00
Most Common Vocabulary : English - Urdu 00
Having a short discussion on the learning of Urdu, I Sentences of Questions 00
am confident that readers will enjoy learning a language Key to Pronunciation
like Urdu through English. Any comments, suggestions or Grammatical Explanations
criticism from the readers will be of great help for the Numbers
Weights and Measures
improvement of the next edition of the book.
EVERYDAY LIFE
Dr. Madani Mohiuddin Ahmad Greetings
Introductions
Personal Particulars
Short Questions and Answers
Polite Phrases
Learning the Language
Orders
Public Notices
Time and Weather
Days of the Week
6 Learn Urdu through English 7

Months of the Year


SHOPPING
Seasons
At the Bookshop-Newsagent
In Town
At the Chemists's Shop
Public Buildings
At the Department Stores
TRAVELLING Clothes and Accessories
At a Travel Agency Materials
At the Customs Colours
By Plane Shoe shop
By Train Photographic Shop
By Car Optician's Shop
Renting a Car Florist's Shop
By Car (Services and Breakdowns) Tobacconist's Shop
By Ship Hairdresser's Shop
Means of Transport in Town
LEISURE
HOTEL Museums and other Places of Interest
The Arrival Entertainment
Your Stay Concerts
The Breakfast Theatre
Your Departure Cinema
Bars and Restaurant On the Beach/At the Swimming Pool
Restaurant Camping
The Table Sports
Cooking Terms
USEFUL SERVICES
Condiments
Bank
Eggs
Post Office
Meat
Telephone
Fish and Seafood
Health
Vegetables
Doctor's Clinic
Fruits and Desserts
Dentist's Clinic
Drinks
8 9

Phonentically Transleterated
Learn Urdu Through English Sounds of Urdu Alphabets

Easy way to Pronunciation Urdu English


Alphabet Sound
Very important to note that one can learn the a (n) apple
proper pronunciation of Urdu by imitating sounds
produced by a speaker of Urdu or by listening and b (n) book
repeating Urdu sounds from electronic sources. Careful
listening will help improve the understanding of
p (adj/n) poor

acoustic nature of different sounds of Urdu. Following is t (n) tea
a si m p l ifi ed w ay a n d g u i d e to p ro n ou n c e t he
transliterated Urdu phones:- t train
th (v) think
j (n) jam
ch (n) Church

h (n) house
kh
d (n) deer
10 11

d (n) donkey a
dh k (n) kite

r (n) red
g (v) go
r l (n) life
z (n) zink m (n) man
zh n (adj) nice
s (n) son v, o or (adj) voice


sh (n) sheep
h (n) hall
s (n) son h (n) home
z (a) zebra vowel
t y, i (n) yalk
z ai or e vowel
a
gh
f (n) fool
12 13

Numbers / adaad / Noun : Singular and Plural


English Noun Urdu Noun
1 one aik
Nouns ism
2 two do my car mery kaar

3 three teen green car sabz kaar

4 four char three cars teen kaar


car garage kaar gueyraj
5 five panch
outside the car kaar ke bahar

6 six cheh
7 seven saat
Urdu Plural
English Plural
8 eight aath
Plural jama
9 nine no my book meri kitab
10 ten das my books meri kitabe'n
my daughter meri beti
our daughters hamari betiya'n

14 15

I'm cold mujhe sardi lagi They Plural, he and


wey (jama)
hai she

hame'n sardi lagi Me Singular, man or


we're cold main/
hai women
mujhey
his chicken us ke murgh
their chicken un ke murgh Demonstrative Ishaarati

This yeh
English Urdu
Pronoun Pronoun That keh

Subject Ism-e- These ye


Pronouns Zameer Those woh
I main singular
Object Pronoun
You tau, tum, singular & plural Singular and
You tu, tum, aap
both plural, male or
aap female
Singular, male
He wo (mard) singular, man Him un ke
Singular, female
singular, woman Her on ki
She wo (aurat) Plural, male and
Plural, for men &
Us hamara female
We hum
women
16 17

un ke plural, men or unkey plural female,


Them women, names Theirs male names
unki

Possessive Pronouns
My mayra Singular, man or Active Present Verbs
woman
teyre, plural or singular Present Jaari Zamana
Your men or women,
tumhara, names Verbs
aap ka

un ka Singular, male I speak. main bolta hoon
His
un ki Singular, female I write. main likhta hoon
Her
hamara Plural, male and I drive. main chalata hoon
Our female main mohabbad
plural male, I love.
karta hoon

Their un ke female names or
persons I give. main daita hoon
singular male
Mine meyra I smile. main muskurata

singular or plural hoon
Yours teyre, males or females
tumhara,
I take. main laita hoon

aap ka He speaks. wo bolta hai
un ka singular, female
His He writes. wo likhta hai
unki plural, males or
Hers females He drives. wo chalata hai
plural male, wo mohabbat
Ours hamarey names He loves.
karta hai

18 19

He gives. wo daita hai I drove. main ne chalaya


main ne
He smiles. wo muskurata hai I loved.
mohabbat ki

He takes. wo laita hai I gave. main ne diya
We speak. hum boltey hain I smiled. main muskuraya
We write. hum likhtey hain I took. main ne liya
We drive. hum chalate hain He spoke. woh bola
hum muhabbat
We love.
karte hain
He wrote. us ne likha
We give. hum daite hain He drove. us ne chalaya
hum muskurate
We smile.
hain
He loved. us ne mohabbat ki
We take. hum laite hain
He gave. us ne diya
He smiled. wo muskuraya
Action past Verbs
He took. us ne liya
English Verbs Urdu Verbs
We spoke. hum boley
Verbs fa'eel
We wrote. hum ne likha
Past maazi
We drove. hum ne chalaya
I spoke. main boola hum ne
We loved.
mohabbat ki

I wrote. main ne likha
20 21

We gave. hum ne diya He will give. woh de ga


We smiled. hum muskuraye He will smile. woh muskurayega
We took. hum ne liya He will take. woh ley ga
Action Future Verbs
We will speak. hum bolengey
We will write. hum likhengey
Future Verbs Faail Mustaqbil
We will drive. hum chaleyenge
I will speak. main boolunga
hum mohabbat
We will love.
I will write. main likhunga karengey

I will drive. main chalaunga We will give. hum dengey


main mohabbat hum
I will love. We will smile.
muskurayengey

karoonga

I will give. main doonga We will take. hum lengey


main
I will smile.
muskuraounga
English Urdu Adverbs
I will take. main loonga Adverbs muta'alliq afaal
He will speak. woh bolega I read a book sometimes
main kabhi kabhar aik kitaab padhta hoon
He will write. woh likhega


He will drive. woh chalayega
woh mohabbat
I will never smoke
He will love.
karega
main kabhi bhi cigrette nahi piyoonga
22 23



English Prepositions
Are you alone?
kya tum akeley ho? About se mutallalliq
Above balaai
Across ke paar
English Prepositions
After ke baad
Prepositions Huroof-e-Jaar
Inside the Against bar-aks
makaan ke ander

house Among main se
Outside the

makaan ke bahar Around ke ird gird

care
joonhi, taake,
With me merey saath As
jaisa ke,

main, per, se, ke
Without me un ke baghair At
taraf

Under the mez ke neechey
table Before ke saamney, pahle
After kal ke baad Behind aqbi, peechey
tomorrow
Before Below ke neechey
sunset
ghuroob aaftaab se
pahley Beneath ke neechey
lekin main masroof
But I'm busy
hoon
Beside ke alawa
Between ke darmiyaan
24 25

Beyond doosri taraf, us paar Opposite ulat


But magarl lekin Out bahar

By paas, qareeb, zariye Outside bairooni hissey
se, baqadar
Over khatam
Despite ke bawajood Per fee
Down neechey Plus masaawi
During ke dooraan Round gool
Except ke alawa Since jab se
For babat, baraye

Than ba-muqabla
From sey Through mein se
In main Till ab tak, tab tak

Inside ander
To ko
Into ke ander
Toward ki jaanib

Near ke qareeb
Under ke neechey
Next aglaa Unlike ke bar-aks
Of ke or kaa Until jab tak

On ulat
Up ke ooper
26 27

Via ke zariye Prepositional Phrase


With ke saath of Three Worlds
Within ke ander, dakhil As far as jahan tak
Without ke baghair As well as jaisa ke
Two words do alfaaz In addition to ke alawa
According to ke mutabiq In front of ke samney
Because of ki wajah se In spite of ke bawajood
Close to ke qareeb
On behalf of ke badley
Due to ki wajah se On top of ke ooper
Except for ke alawa, ko chhod Gender : (Male/Female)
kar
Urdu grammatical gender of nouns is one
Far from se door of two: a noun may be masculine or it may be
feminine, and there is no neutral option.
Inside of ke ander, daakhli
Moreover, masculine is the defautl gramma-
Near to ke bajaye
tical gender and a word does not have to have
anything special in order to reflect this.
Next to ke baad Femininity, on the other hand, is not default
Outside of ke bahar
and a noun would have to have something
special to reflect this gender.
Prior to se pahle
28 29

Example: Brother (m) bhai


Ahmad (male) writes (male) Sister (f) behan
ahmad likhta hai
Uncle (m) chacha
Lubna (female) writes (female) khala,
Aunt (f)
lubna likhti hai phoophi,
chachi
Gender : Male (m) and Female (f) Bull (m) bail
English Urdu
Cow (f) gaye
Feminine moan-nas
Bow (m) ladka
He is happy (m) wo khush hai
Girl (f) ladki
She is happy (f) wo khush hai
He is American wo americki Most Common Vocabulary
(m) hai English Urdu
She is American wo americki Vocabulary Vocabulary
(f) hai
Objects ashyaa
Bathroom ghusal khana
Man (m) aadmi
Woman (m) aurat Bed bistar
Father (f) walid Bedroom khawaabgaah
Mother (f) maa / walidah Ceiling androoni chhat
30 31

Chair kursi Letter khat, murasla


Clothes libaas Map naqsha
Coat kot Newspaper akhbaar
Cup kap
Notebook notebook

Desk maiz Pants patloone'n
Dress libaas Paper kaghaz
Floor farash
Pen qalam
kaanta, (khane ke
Fork (for eating) Pencil pencil
lye)

Furniture farniture Pharmacy dawakhana


Glass sheesha Picture tasweer

Plate tashtari
Hat chhajje daar toopi
House makaan Refrigerator refrigerator
Ink siyaahi Restaurant ta'aamgaah
Jacket jaiket Roof chhat
Kitchen bawarchi khaana Room kamrah
Rug moose, rui ka
Knife chhuri ghaleecha
Lamp laltain
32 33

Scissors qainchi Telephone telephone


Shampoo shampoo Urdu adjectives like English modifier the
quality of nouns or pronouns. In case of Urdu,
Shirt qameez the sound pattern of adjectives usually changes
Shoes jootey while English doesn't.

Soap saabun Example:


Socks juraabe'n
That girl is beautiful
Spoon chamcha wo ladki khoobsurat hai

Table meyz The boy is good


letreen, baitul wo ladka achha hai
Toilet
khala


Toothbrush tooth brush
In case of female noun 'girl'
adjective
Toothpaste tooth paste 'good' (in urdu is pronounced as 'achhi'
English Urdu
Towel tooliya
Adjectives Adjectives
Umbrella chhatri
Underwear zair jaama Adjectives ism-e-sifat
Wall deewaar A green tree aik hara darakht

Wallet batwa A tall building aik oonchi imarat

Window khirki
34 35

A very old man aik umar raseeda



Sentences of Questions
aadmi
The old red English Urdu
puraana lal ghar Questions Questions
house
A very nice aik ziyada
Where is he? woh kahan hai?
friend pasandeeda dost
What is this?

yeh kya hai?
Why are you aap kyon udaas
English Urdu sad? hain?

Questions Questions How do you aap adayegi kaisey


want to pay? karna chahte hain?
Questions sawalaat
Can I come? kya main aa sakta
How? kaisa? hoon?

Is he sleeping? kya woh so raha


What? kya?
hai?
Who? koon? Do you know kya aap mujhe
me? jantey hain?
Why? kyoon?
Where? kub?
Do you have kya aapke paas
my book? meri kitaab hai?
How big is it? ye kitna bada hai?
36

Can I help kya main aapki


you? madad kar sakta
hoon?

Can you help kya aap meri
me? madad kar saktey
hain?

Do you speak aap angrezi boltey
English? hain?

How far is ye kitna door hai?
this?
What time is kya waqt huwa

it? hai?
How much is ye kitna hota hai?
this?
What is your aap ka naam kya
name? hai?
Where do you aap kahan rehtey
live? hain?

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