Rebar
Spalling loss
Is it fit-for-purpose?
Cracking
Rust
Staining Is it safe?
Delamination
Topics
Causes of deterioration
When to use Cathodic Protection
Cathodic Protection Types
Causes of Concrete
Deterioration
CONCRETE
Fe+3(OH)- Fe2O3.3H2O+3e-
REINFORCEMENT
Electrochemical
Corrosion
Cl- Cl-
e- DC POWER e-
- SUPPLY
+
Oxidation Reduction
Reaction Reaction
3+
Fe
Dissolving 2+ Protected
End Fe Fe End Anode
Cathode 2+
Fe
Discontinuous Steel
Body
Electrolyte
Causes of Deterioration
Stray Currents
T5
DAMAGE LEVEL
5. loss of structural
integrity
T4
suggested limit states
4. loss of steel
section
T3
3. first crack
T2
T1
2. rate of corrosion
1. threshold exceeded
INITIATION PROPAGATION
Causes of Deterioration
The Consequences:
Expansive corrosion
Crack, Delamination,
Spalling
Loss of reinforcement
section
Damage to prestress
Topics
Causes of deterioration
When to use Cathodic Protection
Cathodic Protection Types
Repair Options
Possible Strategies
Patch repairs
Corrosion inhibitors
Crack injection
Chloride extraction
Realkalisation
CP by sacrificial anodes/impressed current
Composites
Electrochemical repairs
Advantages:
Minimise concrete repairs (make good cracks
and spalls)
Typically lower life cost compared to rebuild or
conventional repair
Long term reduction and control of corrosion
Can combine with conventional repair
Electrochemical repairs
Possible Problems:
Discontinuous Steel
Electrical Shorts to Surface
Electrically Resistant Repair Materials &
Concrete
Prestressed Steel
Alkali Silica Reactivity
Bond Strength
Epoxy Coated Steel
Galvanized Steel
Anode Suitability
When to use CP
Corrosion deterioration
Structure in fair condition overall
Structure capacity good
Moist environment
High durability repair
General Deterioration Model
DAMAGE LEVEL
5. loss of structural
integrity
suggested limit states
4. loss of steel
section
Electrochemical
3. first crack
treatment zone
2. rate of corrosion
1. threshold exceeded
INITIATION PROPAGATION
Impressed Current System
Cable
Cable + -
DC
Source
Anode
Continuity bar
Reinforcement
Repair Options
Cathodic Protection Impressed Current
3. Conductive coating
4. Mesh with protective
overlay if vulnerable
Advantages and disadvantages of
impressed current systems
ANODE WIRING
CONCRETE
REBAR
Encased mesh anode
Cable
Continuity bar
connected to
reinforcement
Reinforcement
Conductive
Zinc Mesh Anode Grout
Mesh anode in form
Mesh anode in form
Bomaderry Creek
Discrete embedded anode
Cable
Reinforcement
Conductive Wire
mortar
Discrete Embedded Sacrificial
Anode
Conductive Wire
mortar
Zinc anode
Installing into Ryde Bridge
Abutment
Advantages of sacrificial systems
Simpler installation
No need for complex control systems
No risk of overprotection
Simple monitoring
Robust
Low cost on small systems
Disadvantages of sacrificial
systems
Thank you
Any Questions ?