These include:
Lower output voltage ripple
No triple harmonics in a three-wire configuration
As already mentioned higher power handling capability
for a given supply-side voltage and current.
PE1-ZEN-09 1
Review on three phase voltage and current
Star connection
Vline = VL L = 3 VL N = 3 V ph
I line = I L = I ph
Delta connection
Vline = VL L = VL N = V ph
I line = I L = 3 I ph
PE1-ZEN-09 2
Delta-Star Transformer
Delta-Delta Transformer
PE1-ZEN-09 3
POWER IN THREE PHASE SYSTEM
PE1-ZEN-09 4
POWER IN THREE PHASE SYSTEM
PE1-ZEN-09 5
Input and output voltage of 3 phase Half-wave Rectifier
PE1-ZEN-09 6
The average output voltage of 3 phase halfwave rectifier
3
Vm ( L N )
Vo ( dc ) =
2 / 3 cos t dt
3
Vm ( L N )
Vo ( dc ) = sin t 3
2 / 3
3
Vm ( L N )
Vo ( dc ) = sin sin
2 / 3 3 3
V
Vo ( dc ) = m ( L N ) 2 sin
2 / 3 3
sin
Vo ( dc ) = Vm ( L N ) 3
3
sin
Vo ( dc ) = Vm ( L N ) 3
/3
3
Vm ( L N )
Vo ( dc ) = 2
/3
3 3 Vs ,max( L N )
Vo ( dc ) =
2
Vo ( dc ) = 0.8274 Vs (max)( L N )
Vo ( dc ) = 1.17 Vs ( rms )( L N )
PE1-ZEN-09 7
The rms output voltage of 3 phase halfwave rectifier
2 /3 2
Vo ( rms ) =
2 / 3 0
Vm cos 2 t d (t )
3 1 2
Vo ( rms ) = Vm ( L N ) + sin
2 3 2 3
Vo ( rms ) = 0.841 Vs (max)( L N )
Vo ( rms ) = 1.189 Vs ( rms )( L N )
Vo ( rms )
I o ( rms ) =
R
PE1-ZEN-09 8
Performace Parameters
Power Factor
Po ( ac )
PF =
S
Vo2( rms ) / R
PF =
3 Vs ,rms ( L N ) I s
where:
Vs ,max( L N )
Vs , rms ( L N ) =
2
PE1-ZEN-09 9
Transformer Utilization Factor
Po ( dc )
TUF =
VA
Vo2( dc ) / R
= ;
3Vs ,rms ( L N ) I s
where:
Vs ,max( L N )
Vs ,rms ( L N ) =
2
I o ( rms ) Vo ( rms ) 1.17 Vs ,rms ( L N ) 0.687 Vs , rms ( L N )
I s ( rms ) = = = =
3 3R 3R R
Example
PE1-ZEN-09 10
Solution :
380
VS ,rms ( L N ) = = 219.63V 220V , Vs ,max,( L N ) = 220 * 2 = 311.1 V
3
0.8407 Vs ,max
Vo ( rms ) = 0.8407 Vs ,max I ( o ) rms =
R
Po ( dc ) Vo ( dc ) I o ( dc )
= = = 96.767 %
Po ( ac ) Vo ( rms ) I o ( rms )
Vo ( rms )
FF = = 101.657 %
Vo ( dc )
PE1-ZEN-09 11
Two series diode are always conducting (one feeds into
the circuit, the other forms the return path). The diodes
are numbered in order of conduction and each diode
conducts for 120o. The conduction sequence for diodes is
D1D2; D2D3; D3D4; D4D5; D5D6 and D6D1. The pair of
diodes which are connected between that pair of supply
lines having the highest amount of line-line voltage will
conduct.
Vline line = 3V ph
There are 6 combinations of VL-L. Considering one period
of the source to be 360o, a transition of the highest line-
line voltage must take place 360o/6=60o.
Because of six transition that occur for each period of the
source voltage, the circuit is called A SIX-PULSE
RECTIFIER
PE1-ZEN-09 12
Input and output voltage of 3 phase Full-wave Rectifier
PE1-ZEN-09 13
3 phase full-wave average voltage
Considers only one of the six segments. Obtain its average
over 60 degres
2 / 3
1
Vo ( dc ) =
/3 V
/3
m, L L sin t d (t )
3Vm, L L
= [cos t ]2/ 3/ 3
3
= Vm, L L
= 0.955Vm, L L
3 3
= Vm , L N
= 1.654 Vm , L N or
3
= Vm , L L
= 0.955 Vm , L L
PE1-ZEN-09 14
3 phase full-wave rms output voltage
/6
2
2 / 6 0
Vo ( rms ) = Vm2, L N cos 2 t d (t )
3 9 3
= Vm , L N + = 1.6554 Vm, L N
2 4
Vm , L L 3 9 3
= + = 0.95575 Vm, L L
3 2 4
Power Factor
Po ( ac )
PF =
S
Vo2( rms ) / R
= ; or
3Vs ,rms ( L N ) I s
Vo2( rms ) / R
=
3 Vs ,rms ( L L ) I s ,rms
8 /6 2 2
I s ( rms ) = 2 I m cos t d (t )
0
where:
Vm ( L N ) 2 1 2
Vs , rms ( L N ) =
I s ( rms ) = I m 6 + 2 sin 2
2
and I s ( rms ) = 0.7804 I m ;
Vm ( L L )
Vs , rms ( L L ) = 3 Vm ( L N )
2 where : Im = ; or
R
Vm ( L L )
Im =
R
PE1-ZEN-09 15
Transformer Utilization Factor
Po ( dc )
TUF =
VA
Vo2( dc ) / R
= ; or
3Vs ,rms ( L N ) I s
Vo2( dc ) / R
=
3 Vs ,rms ( L L ) I s ,rms
8 /6 2 2
I s ( rms ) = 2 I m cos t d (t )
0
where:
Vm ( L N ) 2 1 2
Vs , rms ( L N ) =
I s ( rms ) = I m 6 + 2 sin 2
2
and I s ( rms ) = 0.7804 I m ;
Vm ( L L )
Vs , rms ( L L ) = 3 Vm ( L N )
2 where : Im = ; or
R
Vm ( L L )
Im =
R
Example
PE1-ZEN-09 16
Solution :
Vo ( dc ) = 0.955Vm , L L = 513.14 V
Vo ( dc )
I o ( dc ) = = 25.66 A
R
Vo ( rms)
I o ( rms ) = = 25.68 A
R
Po ( dc ) Vo ( dc ) I o ( dc ) Vo ( rms )
= = = 99.83 % FF = = 100.08 %
Po ( ac ) Vo( rms ) I o ( rms ) Vo ( dc )
Homework
PE1-ZEN-09 17