Poynting Vector and its Time Average Expression

The Poynting Vector equation is well known as: =

[Watts/m2]

The expression for the instantaneous Poynting Vector will be:(bold letters represent time
domain functions)

(, , , ) =
(, , , )
(, , , ) [Watts/m2]

We must remember that the fields are real entities. Then:

(, , , ) =
(, , , )
(, , , ) = {(, , ) } {
(, , ) }

Now, if we want the Time Average Value of the Poynting Vector, then we have:

1 1 1

(, , ) =
(, , , ) = {(, , )
(, , )} = {
}
0 2 2

The above equation was obtained by using the identity:

1 1
()
() = [
()
()] = { }
0 2

with () = { } and
() = { };

(, , ) = |(, , )| = || and

(, , ) = |(, , )| =||
() = || cos( + )
() = || cos( + ) and
To prove this identity, we take
+
We know that cos() = and sin() =
2 2

Then:

1 + +

() () = [|| ( ) || ( )]
0 2 2
2 ( + )
1 + ( ) + ( ) + 2 (+ )
| | | |
= ( )
0 2
||||( )
1
= ( ) ||||( ) = ( ) =
2 0 2 0

||||( )
= ( )
2
But , because: ||||( )( ) = {(|| || ) ( ) } =

= {|| || } = { }

We finally proved de identity:

1 1
()
() = [
()
()] = { }
0 2