5-2 Verifying Trigonometric Identities PDF

SOLUTION:
5-2 Verifying Trigonometric Identities
Verify each identity. 6.tan csc2 tan =cot

2 2 2
1.(sec 1) cos =sin
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
2.sec2 (1 cos
2
) = tan
2
7. =cot
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
2 3
3.sin sin cos =sin
SOLUTION:
8. + =2csc
4.csc cos cot =sin
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
4
5. = cot
SOLUTION:

9. + tan =sec
SOLUTION:
2
6.tan csc tan =cot
SOLUTION:
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 1


2
9. + tan =sec 12. + =2sec sin
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
10. + =sin +cos
SOLUTION: 13.(csc cot )(csc +cot ) = 1

SOLUTION:
14.cos4 sin
4
=cos
2
sin
2
SOLUTION:
2
11. + =1 15. + =2sec
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
16. + =2sec
SOLUTION:

2
12. + =2sec sin
SOLUTION:
16. + =2sec 19.FIREWORKS If a rocket is launched from ground

level, the maximum height that it reaches is given by
SOLUTION: h= , where istheanglebetweenthe
ground and the initial path of the rocket, v is the

rockets initial speed, and g is the acceleration due to
gravity, 9.8 meters per second squared.
17.csc4 cot
4
=2cot
2
+1
SOLUTION: a. Verify that = .
b. Suppose a second rocket is fired at an angle of

80 from the ground with an initial speed of 110
meters per second. Find the maximum height of the
rocket.
SOLUTION:
a.
18. =
SOLUTION:

b. Evaluate the expression forv = 110 m,
2
, and g = 9.8 m/s .
19.FIREWORKS If a rocket is launched from ground
level, the maximum height that it reaches is given by
h= , where istheanglebetweenthe
The maximum height of the rocket is about 598.7
ground and the initial path of the rocket, v is the meters.
rockets initial speed, and g is the acceleration due to
gravity, 9.8 meters per second squared. Verify each identity.
20.(csc +cot )(1 cos ) = sin
SOLUTION:
a. Verify that = .

5-2 The maximumTrigonometric

Verifying height of the rocket Identities
is about 598.7
meters.
Verify each identity.

20.(csc +cot )(1 cos ) = sin
22.
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
21.sin2 tan
2
=tan
2
sin
2
SOLUTION:
23. = cos +cot
SOLUTION:
22.
SOLUTION:
2
24.(csc cot ) =
SOLUTION:

2 27.sec cos =tan sin

24.(csc cot ) =
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
28.1 tan4 = 2 sec2 sec4

SOLUTION:
25. =
SOLUTION:
2
29.(csc cot ) =
SOLUTION:
30. = sec
26.tan2 cos
2
=1 cos
2
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
27.sec cos =tan sin

SOLUTION: 31. 2
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero = (sin +cos ) Page 5
SOLUTION:
2 GRAPHING CALCULATOR Test whether

31. = (sin +cos )
each equation is an identity by graphing. If it
appears to be an identity, verify it. If not, find
SOLUTION: an x-value for which both sides are defined but
not equal.
34. =
SOLUTION:
Graph andthengraph
.
32.OPTICS If two prisms of the same power are
placed next to each other, their total power can be
determined using z = 2p cos , where z is the
combined power of the prisms, p is the power of the
individual prisms, and is the angle between the two
2
prisms. Verify that 2p cos = 2p (1 sin )sec .
SOLUTION:
33.PHOTOGRAPHY The amount of light passing

through a polarization filter can be modeled using I =
2
Im cos , where I is the amount of light passing
through the filter, Im is the amount of light shined on The graphs of the related functions do not coincide
for all values of x for which both functions are
the filter, and is the angle of rotation between the defined.
light source and the filter. Verify that Using the intersect feature from the CALC menu
. on the graphing calculator to find that when x = ,
Y1 = 1 and Y2 is undefined. Therefore, the
SOLUTION: equation is not an identity.
35.sec x + tan x =
SOLUTION:
Graph andthengraph
GRAPHING CALCULATOR Test whether .
each equation is an identity by graphing. If it
appears to be an identity, verify it. If not, find
an x-value for which both sides are defined but
not equal.
34. =
SOLUTION:
Graph andthengraph
.
Using the intersect feature from the CALC menu
on the graphing calculator to find that when x = ,
Y1 = 1 and Y2 is undefined. Therefore, the
5-2 Verifying
equation is notTrigonometric
an identity. Identities
35.sec x + tan x = 36.sec2 x 2 sec x tan x + tan2 x =
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Graph andthengraph 2 2
Graph Y1 = sec x 2 sec x tan x + tan x and then
. graph Y2 = .
The equation appears to be an identity because the

graphs of the related functions coincide. Verify this
algebraically. The graphs of the related functions do not coincide
for all values of x for which both functions are
defined.
on the graphing calculator to find that when x = 0,
Y1 = 1 and Y2 = 0. Therefore, the equation is not an
identity.
2
37. = 1 2 sin x
36.sec2 x 2 sec x tan x + tan2 x = SOLUTION:
SOLUTION: Graph Y1 = andthengraphY2 = 1 2

2 2 2
Graph Y1 = sec x 2 sec x tan x + tan x and then sin x.

graph Y2 = .

defined.
on the graphing calculator to find that when x = 0,
5-2 Y1 = 1 and Y2Trigonometric
Verifying = 0. Therefore, the Identities
equation is not an
identity.
2
37. = 1 2 sin x 38. =
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Graph Y1 = andthengraphY2 = 1 2 Graph Y1 = andthengraphY2 =

2
sin x. .

The graphs of the related functions do not coincide

The equation appears to be an identity because the for all values of x for which both functions are
graphs of the related functions coincide. Verify this defined.
algebraically. Using the intersect feature from the CALC menu
Y1 0.17 and Y2 = 0. Therefore, the equation is
not an identity.
39.cos2 x sin2 x =
SOLUTION:
2 2
38. = Graph Y1 = cos x sin x and then graph Y2 =
.
SOLUTION:
Graph Y1 = andthengraphY2 =

5-2 Y1 0.17 and
Verifying Y2 = 0. Therefore,
Trigonometric the equation is
Identities
not an identity.
39.cos2 x sin2 x = Verify each identity.
SOLUTION: 40.
2 2 SOLUTION:
Graph Y1 = cos x sin x and then graph Y2 =

.
41. =
The equation appears to be an identity because the
graphs of the related functions coincide. Verify this
algebraically. SOLUTION:
42.ln |csc x + cot x| + ln |csc x cot x| = 0

SOLUTION:
40.
SOLUTION: 43.ln |cot x| + ln |tan x cos x| = ln |cos x|
SOLUTION:

44.sec2 +tan2 =sec4 tan
4
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero SOLUTION: Page 9
Start with the right side of the identity.

Verify each identity. 48.sec4 x = 1 + 2 tan2 x + tan4 x

44.sec2 +tan2 =sec4 tan
4
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION: Start with the right side of the identity.
49.sec2 x csc2 x = sec2 x + csc2 x

SOLUTION:
45.2 cos2 =sin
4
cos
4
1
Start with the left side of the identity.
SOLUTION:
50.ENVIRONMENT A biologist studying pollution

46.sec2 sin2 =sec4 (tan4 +sec2 ) situates a net across a river and positions instruments
at two different stations on the river bank to collect
SOLUTION:
samples. In the diagram shown, d is the distance
Start with the right side of the identity. between the stations and w is width of the river.
a. Determine an equation in terms of tangent that

can be used to find the distance between the
stations.
47.3 sec2 tan
2
+1=sec
6
tan
6 b. Verify that d = .
SOLUTION: c. Complete the table shown for d = 40 feet.

d. If >60 or <20 , the instruments will not

function properly. Use the table from part c to
determine whether sites in which the width of the
river is 5, 35, or 140 feet could be used for the
experiment.
SOLUTION:
a.
48.sec4 x = 1 + 2 tan2 x + tan4 x

SOLUTION:

b.
of 5 and 140 feet could not be used because >
determine whether sites in which the width of the
river is 5, 35, or 140 feet could be used for the 60 and <20 , respectively. The site with a
experiment. width of 35 feet could be used because 20 < <
5-2 SOLUTION:
Verifying Trigonometric Identities 60 .

a.
HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS The hyperbolic
trigonometric functions are defined in the
following ways.
x x
sinh x = (e e )
x x
cosh x = (e + e )
b.
tanh x =
csch x = ,x 0
sech x =

c. coth x = , x 0
Verify each identity using the functions shown
above.
51.cosh2 x sinh2 x = 1
SOLUTION:

d. If w = 5 then willbegreaterthan63.4 since
5 < 20. If w = 140, then willbelessthan18.4 52.sinh (x)=sinh x
since 140 > 120. If w = 35, then 45 < < 63.4
since 35 is between 20 and 40. The sites with widths SOLUTION:
of 5 and 140 feet could not be used because >
60 and <20 , respectively. The site with a
width of 35 feet could be used because 20 < <
60 .

HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS The hyperbolic

trigonometric functions are defined in the
following ways.
sinh x =
x
(e e )
x 53.sech2 x = 1 tanh2 x
x x
SOLUTION:
cosh x = (e + e )
tanh x =
csch x = ,x 0
sech x =
coth x = , x 0
Verify each identity using the functions shown
above. 54.cosh (x)=coshx
53.sech2 x = 1 tanh2 x GRAPHING CALCULATOR Graph each side

of each equation. If the equation appears to be
SOLUTION: an identity, verify it algebraically.

55.
SOLUTION:
Graph Y1 = and Y2 = 1.
54.cosh (x)=coshx
SOLUTION:
GRAPHING CALCULATOR Graph each side

of each equation. If the equation appears to be
an identity, verify it algebraically.
The graphs appear to be the same, so the equation
appears to be an identity. Verify this algebraically.
55.

SOLUTION:
Graph Y1 = and Y2 = 1.
56.sec x cos2 x csc x = tan x sec x

SOLUTION:
The graphs appear to be the same, so the equation 2

appears to be an identity. Verify this algebraically. Graphs are not the same so sec x cos x csc x
tanx secx.

57.(tan x + sec x)(1 sin x) = cos x
56.sec x cos2 x csc x = tan x sec x

58. =1
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
2
Graphs are not the same so sec x cos x csc x
tanx secx.
57.(tan x + sec x)(1 sin x) = cos x

SOLUTION:
The graphs are not the same, so
59.MULTIPLE REPRESENTATIONS In this

problem, you will investigate methods used to solve
trigonometric equations. Consider 1 = 2 sin x.
58. =1 a. NUMERICAL Isolate the trigonometric function
SOLUTION: in the equation so that sin x is the only expression on
one side of the equation.
b. GRAPHICAL Graph the left and right sides of
the equation you found in part a on the same graph
over [0, 2 ). Locate any points of intersection and
express the values in terms of radians.
c. GEOMETRIC Use the unit circle to verify the
answers you found in part b.
d. GRAPHICAL Graph the left and right sides of
the equation you found in part a on the same graph
over 2 < x < 2 . Locate any points of
intersection and express the values in terms of
radians.
e. VERBAL Make a conjecture as to the solutions
of 1 = 2 sin x. Explain your reasoning.
SOLUTION:
over 2 < x < 2 . Locate any points of
intersection and express the values in terms of
radians.
5-2 Verifying
e. VERBAL Trigonometric
Make a conjecture asIdentities
to the solutions
of 1 = 2 sin x. Explain your reasoning. The graphs of y = sin x and y = intersectat
SOLUTION:
, , and over(2, 2).

e.Since sine is a periodic function, with period 2 ,
the solutions repeat every 2n from
and .Thus,thesolutionsofsinx = arex

b. = +2n and x = +2n , where n is an
integer.
60.REASONING Can substitution be used to

determine whether an equation is an identity?
Explain your reasoning.
SOLUTION:
Substitution can be used to determine whether an
equation is not an identity. However, this method
cannot be used to determine whether an equation is
The graphs of y = sin x and y = intersectat an identity, because there is no way to prove that the
identity is true for the entire domain.
and over[0,2 ).
61.CHALLENGE Verify that the area A of a triangle
is given by
c. On the unit circle, sin x refers to the y-coordinate.
A= ,
The y coordinate is at and .

where a, b, and c represent the sides of the triangle
and , , and aretherespectiveopposite
angles.
SOLUTION:

d. Use the Law of Sines to write an equation for b in
terms of side a and angles and .
= , so b = .

The graphs of y = sin x and y = intersectat
, , and over(2, 2).

Substitution can be used to determine whether an
equation is not an identity. However, this method
cannot be used to determine whether an equation is
5-2 an identity, because
Verifying there is no wayIdentities
Trigonometric to prove that the
identity is true for the entire domain.
61.CHALLENGE Verify that the area A of a triangle 62.Writing in Math Use the properties of logarithms to
is given by explain why the sum of the natural logarithm of the
six basic trigonometric functions for any angle is 0.
A= ,
SOLUTION:

where a, b, and c represent the sides of the triangle
and , , and aretherespectiveopposite
angles.
SOLUTION:
According to the Product Property of Logarithms,
the sum of the logarithms of the basic trigonometric
functions is equal to the logarithm of the product.
Since the product of the absolute values of the
functions is 1, the sum of the logarithms is ln 1 or 0.
Use the Law of Sines to write an equation for b in 63.OPEN ENDED Create identities for sec x and csc
terms of side a and angles and . x in terms of two or more of the other basic
= , so b = . trigonometric functions.
SOLUTION:
Start with the identities sec x = sec x and csc x =
csc x. Manipulate one side of each equation until you
come up with an identity with two or more
trigonometricfunctions.

Two possible identities are: tan x sin x + cos x = sec
x and sin x + cot x cos x = csc x.
62.Writing in Math Use the properties of logarithms to

explain why the sum of the natural logarithm of the
six basic trigonometric functions for any angle is 0.
SOLUTION:

Since the product of the absolute values of the
63.OPEN ENDED Create identities for sec x and csc
x in terms of two or more of the other basic 64.REASONING If two angles and are
5-2 Since the product
Verifying of the absolute values
Trigonometric of the
Identities
63.OPEN ENDED Create identities for sec x and csc 64.REASONING If two angles and are
x in terms of two or more of the other basic 2 2
complementary, is cos + cos = 1? Explain your
trigonometric functions. reasoning. Justify your answers.
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Start with the identities sec x = sec x and csc x =
If and are complementary angles, then +
csc x. Manipulate one side of each equation until you
come up with an identity with two or more =90andhence =90 . Use this to make
trigonometricfunctions. substitutionintheequation.

Two possible identities are: tan x sin x + cos x = sec 2 2
cos +cos
x and sin x + cot x cos x = csc x. 2 2
=cos +cos (90 )
2 2
=cos +sin = 1.
65.Writing in Math Explain how you would verify a

trigonometric identity in which both sides of the
equation are equally complex.
SOLUTION:
You can break the identity into two steps. For
example consider the identity:

First manipulate one side of the equation until it is
simplifiedreasonably.
64.REASONING If two angles and are

2 2 Since all steps performed were legitimate
complementary, is cos + cos = 1? Explain your
reasoning. Justify your answers. operations, we know that the following identity
holds:
SOLUTION:
If and are complementary angles, then +
=90andhence =90 . Use this to make

substitutionintheequation.

2 2 Now perform operations on the left side to verify.
cos +cos
2 2
=cos +cos (90 )
2 2
=cos +sin = 1.
65.Writing in Math Explain how you would verify a
trigonometric identity in which both sides of the
68.sin cot
SOLUTION:

Now perform operations on the left side to verify.
69.
SOLUTION:
70.

SOLUTION:
We have shown and
by the transitive property

of equality, we have verified that
.
71.
Simplify each expression.
66.cos csc SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
72.BALLOONING As a hot-air balloon crosses over

a straight portion of interstate highway, its pilot eyes
two consecutive mileposts on the same side of the
balloon. When viewing the mileposts, the angles of
67.tan cot
depression are 64 and 7 . How high is the balloon
SOLUTION: to the nearest foot?
68.sin cot
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
69.
SOLUTION: First, find the measures of CAD, BCA, ACD

and DAE.

SOLUTION:
72.BALLOONING As a hot-air balloon crosses over Locate the vertical asymptotes, and sketch the
a straight portion of interstate highway, its pilot eyes graph of each function.
two consecutive mileposts on the same side of the
73.y = tan x
balloon. When viewing the mileposts, the angles of
depression are 64 and 7 . How high is the balloon
to the nearest foot? SOLUTION:
The graph of y = tanx is the graph of y = tan x
compressed vertically. The period is or . Find
the location of two consecutive vertical asymptotes.

SOLUTION:
and
First, find the measures of CAD, BCA, ACD

Create a table listing the coordinates of key points
and DAE.
for y = tan x for one period on .

Function y=
y= tanx
tan x
Vertical
Asymptote
Intermediate
Point
x-int
In ACD, use the law of sines to find the length of (0, 0) (0, 0)

. Intermediate
Point
Vertical
Asymptote

Next, use right triangle ADE and the cosine function Sketch the curve through the indicated key points for
to find the length of . the function. Then repeat the pattern.
Locate the vertical asymptotes, and sketch the

graph of each function.
73.y = tan x 74.y = csc 2x
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
The graph of y = csc 2x is the graph of y = csc x
The graph of y = tanx is the graph of y = tan x compressed horizontally. The period is or .
74.y = csc 2x
75.y = sec3x
SOLUTION:
The graph of y = csc 2x is the graph of y = csc x SOLUTION:
compressed horizontally. The period is or . The graph of isthegraphofy = sec x
Find the location of two vertical asymptotes. compressed vertically and horizontally. The period is
or . Find the location of two vertical
and
asymptotes.

for y = csc 2x for one period on .
and

Function
y = csc x y = csc 2x

Vertical
Asymptote x =
Intermediate
Point for foroneperiodon .
x-int
x =0 x =0

Function
Intermediate y = sec x

Point
Vertical Vertical
x= Asymptote
Asymptote
Intermediate
(0, 1)
Point
Sketch the curve through the indicated key points for
the function. Then repeat the pattern. x-int

Intermediate
Point
Vertical
Asymptote

Sketch the curve through the indicated key points for
the function. Then repeat the pattern.
75.y = sec3x
SOLUTION:
The graph of isthegraphofy = sec x

compressed vertically and horizontally. The period is
or . Find the location of two vertical Write each degree measure in radians as a
multiple of and each radian measure in
asymptotes.
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero degrees. Page 19
76.660
SOLUTION:
Write each degree measure in radians as a

multiple of and each radian measure in 80.
degrees.
76.660 SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
81.9
SOLUTION:
77.570
SOLUTION:
Solve each inequality.

82.x2 3x 18 > 0
78.158 SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
f(x) has real zeros at x = 3 and x = 6. Set up a sign

chart. Substitute an x-value in each test interval into
the polynomial to determine if f (x) is positive or
negative at that point.

79.
SOLUTION:

80.

SOLUTION:

81.9
SOLUTION:
2
Thesolutionsofx 3x 18 > 0 are x-values such
that f (x) is positive. From the sign chart, you can see
5-2 Verifying Trigonometric Identities that the solution set is .
Solve each inequality. 83.x2 + 3x 28 < 0

82.x2 3x 18 > 0
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:

f(x) has real zeros at x = 3 and x = 6. Set up a sign chart. Substitute an x-value in each test interval into
chart. Substitute an x-value in each test interval into the polynomial to determine if f (x) is positive or
the polynomial to determine if f (x) is positive or negative at that point.

2
2 Thesolutionsofx + 3x 28 < 0 are x-values such
Thesolutionsofx 3x 18 > 0 are x-values such that f (x) is negative. From the sign chart, you can
that f (x) is positive. From the sign chart, you can see
see that the solution set is .
that the solution set is .
84.x2 4x 5
83.x2 + 3x 28 < 0
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION: 2 2
First, write x 4x 5 as x 4x 5 0.
f(x) has real zeros at x = 7 and x = 4. Set up a sign f(x) has real zeros at x = 1 and x = 5. Set up a sign
chart. Substitute an x-value in each test interval into chart. Substitute an x-value in each test interval into
the polynomial to determine if f (x) is positive or the polynomial to determine if f (x) is positive or
negative at that point. negative at that point.

2 2
Thesolutionsofx + 3x 28 < 0 are x-values such The solutions of x 4x 5 0 are x-values such
that f (x) is negative. From the sign chart, you can that f (x) is negative or equal to 0. From the sign
5-2 Verifying Trigonometric. Identities
see that the solution set is chart, you can see that the solution set is .
84.x2 4x 5 85.x2 + 2x 24
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
2 2 2 2
First, write x 4x 5 as x 4x 5 0. First, write x + 2x 24 as x + 2x 24 0.

2
The solutions of x 4x 5 0 are x-values such
that f (x) is negative or equal to 0. From the sign 2
The solutions of x + 2x 24 0 are x-values such
chart, you can see that the solution set is . that f (x) is positive or equal
to 0. From the sign chart, you can see that the
85.x2 + 2x 24 solution set is .
SOLUTION:
2 2
86.x2 x + 12 0
First, write x + 2x 24 as x + 2x 24 0.
SOLUTION:
2 2
First, write x x + 12 0 as x + x 12 0.
f(x) has real zeros at x = 4 and x = 3. Set up aPage
sign22
negative
eSolutions Manualat- that point.
Powered by Cognero
2 2
The solutions of x + 2x 24 0 are x-values such The solutions of x + x 12 0 are x-values such
that f (x) is positive or equal that f (x) is negative or equal
to 0. From the sign chart, you can see that the to 0. From the sign chart, you can see that the
solution set is solution set is .
86.x2 x + 12 0 87.x2 6x + 7 0
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
2 2 2 2
First, write x x + 12 0 as x + x 12 0. First, write x 6x +7 0 as x + 6x 7 0.

2 2
The solutions of x + x 12 0 are x-values such The solutions of x + 6x 7 0 are x-values such
that f (x) is negative or equal that f (x) is positive or equal
to 0. From the sign chart, you can see that the to 0. From the sign chart, you can see that the
solution set is . solution set is .
87.x2 6x + 7 0 88.FOOD The manager of a bakery is randomly

checking slices of cake prepared by employees to
SOLUTION:
ensure that the correct amount of flavor is in each
2 2
First, write x 6x +7 0 as x + 6x 7 0. slice. Each 12-ounce slice should contain half
chocolate and half vanilla flavored cream. The
amount of chocolate by which each slice varies can
f(x) has real zeros at x = 7 and x = 1. Set up a sign be represented by g(x) = |x 12|. Describe the
chart.
eSolutions Substitute
Manual anbyx-value
- Powered Cogneroin each test interval into Page 23
the polynomial to determine if f (x) is positive or transformations in the function. Then graph the
negative at that point. function.

2
The solutions of x + 6x 7 0 are x-values such
that f (x) is positive or equal
to 0. From the sign chart, you can see that the
solution set is
88.FOOD The manager of a bakery is randomly 89.SAT/ACT

checking slices of cake prepared by employees to a, b, a, b, b, a, b, b, b, a, b, b, b, b, a,
ensure that the correct amount of flavor is in each
slice. Each 12-ounce slice should contain half If the sequence continues in this manner, how many
chocolate and half vanilla flavored cream. The bs are there between the 44th and 47th appearances
amount of chocolate by which each slice varies can of the letter a?
A 91
be represented by g(x) = |x 12|. Describe the
B 135
transformations in the function. Then graph the C 138
function. D 182
E 230
SOLUTION:
The parent function of g(x) is f (x) = |x|. The factor SOLUTION:
The number of bs after each a is the same as the
of willcausethegraphtobecompressedsince
number of a in the list (i.e., after the 44th a there are
44 bs). Between the 44th and 47th appearances of a
andthesubtractionof12willtranslatethe the number of bs will be 44 + 45 + 46 or 135.
Therefore, the correct answer choice is B.
graph 12 units to the right.
Make a table of values for x and g(x). 90.Which expression can be used to form an identity

with ,when
x 4 8 12 16 20
g(x) 4 2 0 2 4 tan 1?
F sin
Plot the points and draw the graph of g(x). G cos
H tan
J csc
SOLUTION:
89.SAT/ACT
a, b, a, b, b, a, b, b, b, a, b, b, b, b, a,

If the sequence continues in this manner, how many
Therefore, the correct answer choice is J.
91.REVIEW Which of the following is not equivalent to

cos , when 0 < < ?
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero B Page 24
C cot sin
D tan csc
Therefore, the correct answer choice is J.
91.REVIEW Which of the following is not equivalent to

cos , when 0 < < ?
B
C cot sin
D tan csc
SOLUTION:
Therefore, the correct answer choice is D.
92.REVIEW Which of the following is equivalent to sin

+ cot cos ?
F 2 sin
G
H cos2
J
SOLUTION:
Therefore, the correct answer choice is G.

5-2 Verifying Trigonometric Identities PDF

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SOLUTION:

5-2 Verifying Trigonometric Identities

Verify each identity. 6.tan csc2 tan =cot

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 1

10. + =sin +cos

SOLUTION: 13.(csc cot )(csc +cot ) = 1

16. + =2sec 19.FIREWORKS If a rocket is launched from ground

ground and the initial path of the rocket, v is the

b. Suppose a second rocket is fired at an angle of

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 3

5-2 The maximumTrigonometric

Verify each identity.

23. = cos +cot

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 4

2 27.sec cos =tan sin

28.1 tan4 = 2 sec2 sec4

27.sec cos =tan sin

2 GRAPHING CALCULATOR Test whether

33.PHOTOGRAPHY The amount of light passing

35.sec x + tan x = 36.sec2 x 2 sec x tan x + tan2 x =

The equation appears to be an identity because the

36.sec2 x 2 sec x tan x + tan2 x = SOLUTION:

SOLUTION: Graph Y1 = andthengraphY2 = 1 2

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 7

Graph Y1 = andthengraphY2 = 1 2 Graph Y1 = andthengraphY2 =

The graphs of the related functions do not coincide

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 8

39.cos2 x sin2 x = Verify each identity.

42.ln |csc x + cot x| + ln |csc x cot x| = 0

Verify each identity.

Verify each identity.

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero SOLUTION: Page 9

Start with the right side of the identity.

Verify each identity. 48.sec4 x = 1 + 2 tan2 x + tan4 x

49.sec2 x csc2 x = sec2 x + csc2 x

50.ENVIRONMENT A biologist studying pollution

a. Determine an equation in terms of tangent that

SOLUTION: c. Complete the table shown for d = 40 feet.

d. If >60 or <20 , the instruments will not

48.sec4 x = 1 + 2 tan2 x + tan4 x

HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS The hyperbolic

53.sech2 x = 1 tanh2 x GRAPHING CALCULATOR Graph each side

GRAPHING CALCULATOR Graph each side

56.sec x cos2 x csc x = tan x sec x

The graphs appear to be the same, so the equation 2

56.sec x cos2 x csc x = tan x sec x

57.(tan x + sec x)(1 sin x) = cos x

The graphs are not the same, so

59.MULTIPLE REPRESENTATIONS In this

60.REASONING Can substitution be used to

62.Writing in Math Use the properties of logarithms to

65.Writing in Math Explain how you would verify a

64.REASONING If two angles and are

by the transitive property

72.BALLOONING As a hot-air balloon crosses over

SOLUTION: First, find the measures of CAD, BCA, ACD

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 17

5-2 Verifying Trigonometric Identities

The graph of y = tanx is the graph of y = tan x

compressed vertically. The period is or . Find

the location of two consecutive vertical asymptotes.

First, find the measures of CAD, BCA, ACD

Locate the vertical asymptotes, and sketch the