:WAVES
1. Type of waves:
(A) Transverse wave
2. Wave:
9. Calculation:
2. Submarine
(a) Use ultrasonic waves:
- higher f
- travel long distance & can be reflected
3. V = 2d / t
Refraction of waves
1. Change of direction of waves / bending of light when the waves go from
one medium to another with different density
Diffraction of waves
1. Diffraction of waves - change in direction / spreading of waves as they
pass through a small gap or obstacle, aperture or barrier.
2. Characteristics:
(a) Direction change.
(b) Wavelength constant.
(c) Frequency, f remain same.
(d) Velocity same as velocity of incident waves.
3. Plane waves
a. Narrow aperture (size )
Split waves, takes longer way to combine become plane waves. Blur
diffraction.
Interference of Waves
1. Is the effect of superposition between two coherent waves.
6. When distance between the two coherent sources increases, then the
distance between two consecutive antinodes decrease.
7. The interference pattern of water wave:
8. Formula:
= ax / D
9. Loud speaker
(a) The distance between two loud speaker increase, the distance between
consecutive loud / soft sound increase.
(b) The f increase, the decrease
10. Interference of light waves can show with Youngs double slit
experiments.
i. When the prongs of the turning fork move outward, it produce a region of
compression.
ii. When the prongs of the turning fork move inward, it produce a region of
rarefaction.
3. Compare:
4. Wave sound
(a) The distance between the two waves sources when loud sound are heard
will decreased.
(b) Increases the frequency of the sound wave, wavelength is reduced.
(c) is directly proportional to x.
2. Properties:
(a) undergo reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference.
(b) Travel at the speed of light, c= 3.0 X 108 m s-1 in a vacuum.
(c) Do not need a medium to propagate.
3. Has short wavelength and carry high energy & high frequency.
4.