I.

INTRODUCTION

A. DEFINITION OF TERMS

Conduction
-defined as transferring heat or electricity through a conducting medium by way of
direct contact

Heat transfer
-discipline of thermal engineering that concerns the transfer of thermal energy from
one physical system to another.

Losses by convection
-small air gaps exist between the surface wall and insulation

Pipe insulation
-thermal insulation used to prevent heat loss and gain from pipes, to save energy
and improve effectiveness of thermal systems.

Radiant heat loss

-occurs as a result of highly energized molecules transmitting heat by way of waves
or particles

B. TYPES, MODELS OR CLASSIFICATION AND CAPACITIES

C. DETAILED PARTS

II. OPERATION, MAINTENANCE, REPAIR AND TROUBLESHOOTING

III. TESTING OF EQUIPMENT

SETUP:

1. The test section is consists of four 10 ft. lengths of 1-inch standard steel pipe
mounted on a framework of welded 2 inch steel angles.

2. One of the lengths is bare and the others are air cell asbestos insulation, 85%
magnesia insulation, and silver chrome (aluminum pigment) paint
respectively.

3. The test pipes are connected to a common header into which steam is
introduced either directly from the main or from a line containing a reducing
valve.

4. Each end of the tested pipe is equipped with a plug-type valve where steam
condensate is drained, collected in beakers and measured.

In this apparatus, determining the heat loss from bare and lagged pipe is conducted
through:
Supplying heat from the condensation of steam into the pipe to be
tested.
Surface temperatures are measured by means of a portable
thermocouple potentiometer.

PROCEDURE

1. Steam is first introduced to the common header where in the flow is

regulated through a reducing valve. Make 3 runs with steam pressure at
10psig, 20psig and 30 psig.

2. After adjusting the system to the desired pressure, crack the drain cock under
the header to remove water from the steam line and header.

3. The four plug-type valves were then opened to blow out any condensate from
the pipes, and then closed them until only a small amount of steam escapes
along with the condensate.

4. When the system has reached equilibrium (measured at various points), as

determined by surface temperature measurements reading on the
thermocouple, collect and measure the condensate from each pipe over a
timed interval of 15 ,30 minutes and 1hr, and then during this period, record
the following data needed for calculations:
a. Barometric pressure
b. Room temp
c. Steam pressure and temp
d. Surface temperatures
5. The surface-film coefficients and the lagging efficiency are calculated from
the temperature of the surfaces and the room.