GOALS

ACADEMIC: What do I need to learn today?

Today, I need to learn how I can apply conservation of momentum with a great
understanding of what is happening during a collision.

ACCOMPLISH: What do I need to accomplish today to be successful?

Today, to be successful I need to complete my work with a depth understanding so I can
accomplish success.

Physics Talk
Please take note of any important topics or vocabulary.
Law of conservation of momentum: The total momentum before a collision is equal to
the total momentum after the collision if no external force act on the system.

Checking Up
Thoughtfully respond to the following checking up questions. Reference the text
whenever needed. Do not copy the text, respond only in your own words.
1.
Law of conservation of momentum is used in all collisions or explosions. This means
during the collision all of the momentum is equal to the momentum before the collision.
In fact, this is only true if no external force acts on the system. If this happens the
amount of momentum is changed. For example, one car is stationary and another is
moving at 40 m/s. They both have the same mass, so we can use the equation for
momentum to find the momentum before the collision to compare to after the collision. If
they both have masses of 300 kg, then using the equation p = mv the total momentum
before the collision is 12,000 kg (m/s).

3.
Despite the collision, the momentum of the two vehicles will still be 6,000 kg * m/s. This
is because the moving vehicle with the momentum of 6,000 kg * m/s hits a stationary
vehicle that has no momentum so that means both vehicles will have the same
momentum the moving vehicle had before the collision.

Active Physics Plus

Please be sure to read this section with an emphasis on the diagram on page 316. This
is a demonstration of how we add vectors. This will also help you to see what the
results are when they are hitting each other directly from the front or rear.

What do you think now?

At the beginning of the section, you were asked the following:
How would you answer this question now?
When traffic-accident investigators are recreating a collision I think they use the velocity
and mass to determine what the scene looked like ahead of the collision, then use the
velocity and mass to figure out momentum of both vehicles pre collision to see what the
post momentum of the vehicles was according to the law of conservation of momentum

Essential Questions
Please respond to the following:
Why do you care?
Knowing about the Conservation of Momentum, safety system designs that work
against collisions with large vehicles will have to assure that if there is a smaller vehicle
that is colliding with a larger one, the smaller vehicle will have to have an automatic
braking system so that when they collide with the large vehicle with so much
momentum, they dont continue accelerating while the large vehicle is moving in another
direction. The braking system will make sure they automatically stop once colliding.

Physics to Go
Respond to the following questions, show your work on all calculations.
1.
The speed of the initial moving cart will be faster than the total speed of the carts
together. But the momentum after the collision is still the same as the momentum before
because after the collision, the mass of the combined carts is a lot more than before.

2.a.
2 kg (m/s) for each of the vehicles momentum. .
1 kg * 2 m/s = 2 kg (m/s)

b.
4 kg (m/s) for both of the vehicles momentum added together.
2 m/s * 1 kg = 2 kg (m/s)
2 m/s * 1 kg = 2 kg (m/s)
2 kg (m/s) * 2 kg (m/s) = 4 kg (m/s)
C.
-4 kg (m/s) for both of the vehicles momentum after the collision added together.
-2 m/s * 1 kg = -2 kg (m/s)
2 m/s * 1 kg = 2 kg (m/s)
-2 kg (m/s) * 2 kg (m/s) = -4 kg (m/s)

3.
Before the collision:
Vehicle A (stationary):
Mass: 50 kg
Velocity: 0 m/s
50 kg * 0 m/s = 0 kg (m/s)

Vehicle B (moving):
Mass: 50 kg
Velocity: 8 m/s
50 kg * 8 m/s = 400 kg (m/s)

After the collision:

Vehicle A (stationary):
Mass: 50 kg
Velocity: 4 m/s
50 kg * 4 m/s = 200 kg (m/s)

Vehicle B (moving):
Mass: 50 kg
Velocity: 4 m/s
50 kg * 4 m/s = 200 kg (m/s)

5.
I dont know how to apply the math to this problem.

9.
I dont know how to apply the math to this problem.

11.
Before the collision:
Ball 1 (stationary):
Mass: 3 kg
Velocity: 0 m/s
3 kg * 0 m/s = 0 kg (m/s)
Ball 2 (moving):
Mass: 1 kg
Velocity: 4 m/s
1 kg * 4 m/s = 4 kg (m/s)

After the collision:

Ball 1 (stationary):
Mass: 3 kg
Velocity: 2 m/s
3 kg * 2 m/s = 6 kg (m/s)

Ball 2 (moving):
Mass: 1 kg
Velocity: -2 m/s
1 kg * -2 m/s = -2 kg (m/s)

17. Be sure to apply this concept to your design idea. Remember that your second
collision will involve a 2 kg mass falling on top of your safety device. How will the added
mass effect your safety device? What measures will you take so the momentum from
the 2 kg mass does not smash your egg.
This concept can be applied to our design idea because one can relate adding the 2 kg
of mass to the safety device to having one cart attaching to the second when and them
moving together. Now that the 2 kg mass has been added, there will be more
momentum meaning that the chances of the egg cracking is a lot higher since the
momentum increases. That will be exerted onto the device when it hits the ground. The
device will exert a lot more force into the ground but since the ground doesnt really get
affected, it will go into the egg. To make sure this added momentum doesnt affect the
egg, that added force will instead go into the crumple zone instead of the actual egg
meaning very little of the force will go into harming the egg.