EE620 - Physics of Transistors: Assignment 1

Submitted by: Abin Varghese (164074002) and Anup Kumar Mandia (164070023)
Contribution: 50 percent each. We have discussed all questions.

Problem 2.6
Find the electric field at a distance z above the centre of a flat circular disc of radius R, which carries
a uniform surface charge . What does your formula give in the limit . Also check the case
.
Consider a disc of radius R having a surface charge density of on it. We will consider the solid disc to
be made up of several solid rings of thickness . The electric field due to individual ring elements at
the point P at a distance from the surface can be found out and integrated over the entire area of
the solid disc to find the total electric field at P.

The disc has a surface charge density =
where is the total charge on the solid disc and is the
area of the disc. Consider the ring element on the disc at a distance r from the centre of the disc. The
thickness of the ring is . Let us assume the charge density on the ring element is .

(2r) = (2r)
=

We know =
. Let us find the electric field at P due to the ring element. It can be noted that
considering the symmetry of the ring, the electric field components along the x-direction ( sin )
cancels and the net field is only along the y-direction ( cos ). P

= 2
cos
1
Where = 40
, 0 is the permittivity of free space.
= where = 2, the circumference of the ring.

= 2
cos = 2 + 2 2 + 2
2 (2) (2)
Therefore, = 0 3 = 3 = 3
( 2 + 2 )2 ( 2 + 2 )2 ( 2 + 2 )2

=
(2)
3
( 2 + 2 )2
Next, we will integrate over the entire area to find the net field P
at P due to the solid disc.
= (2)
= =0 3
( 2 + 2 )2
=
= 2 =0 3 , we can use the substitution:
( 2 + 2 )2

2 2
+ = = 2
 =(2 + 2 ) 1 1
The integral becomes: = 2 =2 3 = 2 { 1 }
2 2 ( 2 +2 )2

1 1
= 2 { 1 }
( 2 +2 )2

1
Case 1: For the limit , 1 will converge to 1.
( 2 +2 )2

1
= 2 { }

2
= or = which is the electric field due to an infinite plane sheet with
40 20
charge density .
1/2
1 1 1 2 1 2
Case 2: For the limit , the term 1 = 1/2 = (1 + 2 ) =
(1 22 )
( 2 +2 )2 2
(1+ 2 )

1 1 2 2 2
= 2 { (1 2 ) = 2 ( 3 ) =
2 2 40 2
2
Hence, =
40 2

Problem 2.10
A charged q sits at the back corner of a cube, as shown in the figure below. What is the flux of E
through the shaded side?

The charge is at the centre of the cube. Let the side of

the cube be . We can construct a larger cube of side 2
such that the charge is at the centre of the cube. The flux
of the electric field is uniform through all the surfaces of
the larger cube. is the normal area vector.

The region marked in the figure has 24 identical regions

and flux through each of them is the same.

Gauss Law states that :

. =
0
1
Since charge is at the centre of the cube, . =
24
.

And . = 0

Hence, . =
240
Problem 2.14
Find the electric field inside a sphere that carries a charge density proportional to the distance from
the origin, = kr , for some constant k.

Gaussian Surface

Since surface is symmetrical, so only component of electric field radially outward remains. All other
component will add up to zero

E = Er r

ds = r2 sin d d r

. = Er r2 sin d d = Er 4r2

= = k r4

Qenc
. =
0
k r4
Er 4r2 =
0
kr2
Er =
40
kr2
E= r
40

Problem 2.18
Two spheres, each of radius R and carrying uniform volume charge densities + and , respectively,
are placed so that they partially overlap. Call the vector from positive center to the negative center
d. Show that the field in the region of overlap is constant, and find its value.

Electric field due to positive sphere

E+ = Er r

ds = r2 sin d d r r<R
 + . = Qenc/0
4r3
Qenc =
3

+ . = Er (4r2)

Er =
3 0

E+ = r+
3 0

where r+ is a vector that represent a vector from center of positive charge sphere to the outer side

Similarly

Electric field due to negative charge sphere is given by

E- = - r-
3 0

where r- is a vector that represent a vector from center of negative charge sphere to the outer side.

So total electric field is

E= (r+ - r-)
3 0

r+ r-

-
+ d

But (r+ - r-) = d. See the diagram.

So

E= d
3 0
Name Abin Varghese
Roll No. 164074002
Assignment I